Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS NEARLY 13 YEARS AND 4 MONTH.
ON /30/09/2024 MORE THAN 2.230.520
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
03-01-2019
Mysterieuze UFO boven Amerikaans eiland leidt tot speculatie over aliens. Weet jij wat dit is?
Mysterieuze UFO boven Amerikaans eiland leidt tot speculatie over aliens. Weet jij wat dit is?
Boven Kiawah Island in de Amerikaanse staat South Carolina is tijdens kerst een mysterieus vliegend object gespot. Dat meldt Fox News.
Beelden van het object zijn op YouTube gezet door Debra Thomson, die zei dat ze niet met zekerheid kan zeggen wat het is geweest.
“Ik ging om 21.33 uur naar buiten en zag deze prachtige rode bol in de lucht,” zei ze. “Ik wist dat het Venus niet kon zijn.”
Intelligent gestuurd
“Het vloog mijn kant op en leek intelligent gestuurd te zijn,” klonk het.
Ze voegde toe dat het object wat in het rond bewoog en vervolgens verdween. Enkele minuten later verscheen het weer.
Thomson nam contact op met het lokale vliegveld, dat niets op de radar kon zien en liet weten dat het geen weerballon was.
Buitenaardse beschaving
Sommigen dachten dat de lichten afkomstig waren van een buitenaardse beschaving, terwijl anderen zeiden dat het een drone was.
“Het was de naverbrander van een gevechtstoestel,” schreef iemand anders.
In 2015 werd op oudjaarsdag nog een felle oranje schijf waargenomen boven Kiawah Island, meldde The Post and Courier.
In 2018 registreerde het Belgische UFO-meldpunt 179 waarnemingen van vreemde luchtverschijnselen in ons land. Dat is een stijging van 33 procent in vergelijking met het aantal meldingen uit 2017 (134 waarnemingen).
In de provincie Oost-Vlaanderen werden de meeste UFO’s gespot. Het Franstalige COBEPS (Comité Belge pour l’Etude des Phénomènes Spatiaux) ontving het afgelopen jaar 76 UFO-meldingen, eveneens een stijging vergeleken met het jaar ervoor.
De stijging van het aantal meldingen liet zich - naar jaarlijkse gewoonte - vooral voelen tijdens de zomermaanden juli en augustus. Beide maanden samen waren goed voor 44 meldingen. Dit grote aantal waarnemingen kan grotendeels verklaard worden door het warme weer in die periode. Ook in oktober waren er beduidend meer meldingen dan het maandgemiddelde. Dit kan mee verklaard worden door de uitzonderlijk lage bewolkingsgraad in die maand.
When someone mentions “different dimensions,” we tend to think of things like parallel universes – alternate realities that exist parallel to our own, but where things work or happened differently. However, the reality of dimensions and how they play a role in the ordering of our Universe is really quite different from this popular characterization.
To break it down, dimensions are simply the different facets of what we perceive to be reality. We are immediately aware of the three dimensions that surround us on a daily basis – those that define the length, width, and depth of all objects in our universes (the x, y, and z axes, respectively).
Beyond these three visible dimensions, scientists believe that there may be many more. In fact, the theoretical framework of Superstring Theory posits that the universe exists in ten different dimensions. These different aspects are what govern the universe, the fundamental forces of nature, and all the elementary particles contained within.
The first dimension, as already noted, is that which gives it length (aka. the x-axis). A good description of a one-dimensional object is a straight line, which exists only in terms of length and has no other discernible qualities. Add to it a second dimension, the y-axis (or height), and you get an object that becomes a 2-dimensional shape (like a square).
The third dimension involves depth (the z-axis), and gives all objects a sense of area and a cross-section. The perfect example of this is a cube, which exists in three dimensions and has a length, width, depth, and hence volume. Beyond these three lie the seven dimensions which are not immediately apparent to us, but which can be still be perceived as having a direct effect on the universe and reality as we know it.
Scientists believe that the fourth dimension is time, which governs the properties of all known matter at any given point. Along with the three other dimensions, knowing an objects position in time is essential to plotting its position in the universe. The other dimensions are where the deeper possibilities come into play, and explaining their interaction with the others is where things get particularly tricky for physicists.
According to Superstring Theory, the fifth and sixth dimensions are where the notion of possible worlds arises. If we could see on through to the fifth dimension, we would see a world slightly different from our own that would give us a means of measuring the similarity and differences between our world and other possible ones.
In the sixth, we would see a plane of possible worlds, where we could compare and position all the possible universes that start with the same initial conditions as this one (i.e. the Big Bang). In theory, if you could master the fifth and sixth dimension, you could travel back in time or go to different futures.
In the seventh dimension, you have access to the possible worlds that start with different initial conditions. Whereas in the fifth and sixth, the initial conditions were the same and subsequent actions were different, here, everything is different from the very beginning of time. The eighth dimension again gives us a plane of such possible universe histories, each of which begins with different initial conditions and branches out infinitely (hence why they are called infinities).
In the ninth dimension, we can compare all the possible universe histories, starting with all the different possible laws of physics and initial conditions. In the tenth and final dimension, we arrive at the point in which everything possible and imaginable is covered. Beyond this, nothing can be imagined by us lowly mortals, which makes it the natural limitation of what we can conceive in terms of dimensions.
The existence of these additional six dimensions which we cannot perceive is necessary for String Theory in order for their to be consistency in nature. The fact that we can perceive only four dimensions of space can be explained by one of two mechanisms: either the extra dimensions are compactified on a very small scale, or else our world may live on a 3-dimensional submanifold corresponding to a brane, on which all known particles besides gravity would be restricted (aka. brane theory).
If the extra dimensions are compactified, then the extra six dimensions must be in the form of a Calabi–Yau manifold (shown above). While imperceptible as far as our senses are concerned, they would have governed the formation of the universe from the very beginning. Hence why scientists believe that peering back through time, using telescopes to spot light from the early universe (i.e. billions of years ago), they might be able to see how the existence of these additional dimensions could have influenced the evolution of the cosmos.
Much like other candidates for a grand unifying theory – aka the Theory of Everything (TOE) – the belief that the universe is made up of ten dimensions (or more, depending on which model of string theory you use) is an attempt to reconcile the standard model of particle physics with the existence of gravity. In short, it is an attempt to explain how all known forces within our universe interact, and how other possible universes themselves might work.
There are also some other great resources online. There is a great video that explains the ten dimensions in detail. You can also look at the PBS web site for the TV show Elegant universe. It has a great page on the ten dimensions.
Image credit: Berkeley Center for Cosmological Physics
Our Universe: An expanding bubble in an extra dimension
Our Universe: An expanding bubble in an extra dimension
In their article, the scientists propose a new model with dark energy and our Universe riding on an expanding bubble in an extra dimension.
Photograph: Suvendu Giri
Uppsala University researchers have devised a new model for the Universe – one that may solve the enigma of dark energy. Their new article, published in Physical Review Letters, proposes a new structural concept, including dark energy, for a universe that rides on an expanding bubble in an additional dimension.
Composite adapted from Pixabay images
We have known for the past 20 years that the Universe is expanding at an ever accelerating rate. The explanation is the “dark energy” that permeates it throughout, pushing it to expand. Understanding the nature of this dark energy is one of the paramount enigmas of fundamental physics.
It has long been hoped that string theory will provide the answer. According to string theory, all matter consists of tiny, vibrating “stringlike” entities. The theory also requires there to be more spatial dimensions than the three that are already part of everyday knowledge. For 15 years, there have been models in string theory that have been thought to give rise to dark energy. However, these have come in for increasingly harsh criticism, and several researchers are now asserting that none of the models proposed to date are workable.
In their article, the scientists propose a new model with dark energy and our Universe riding on an expanding bubble in an extra dimension. The whole Universe is accommodated on the edge of this expanding bubble. All existing matter in the Universe corresponds to the ends of strings that extend out into the extra dimension. The researchers also show that expanding bubbles of this kind can come into existence within the framework of string theory. It is conceivable that there are more bubbles than ours, corresponding to other universes.
The Uppsala scientists’ model provides a new, different picture of the creation and future fate of the Universe, while it may also pave the way for methods of testing string theory.
Ons universum is een uitdijende bubbel in een extra dimensie. Wetenschappers komen met radicaal nieuw model
Ons universum is een uitdijende bubbel in een extra dimensie. Wetenschappers komen met radicaal nieuw model
Ons universum is onderdeel van een bubbel die zich in een extra dimensie bevindt. Dat stellen wetenschappers van de Universiteit van Uppsala.
Volgens hun radicale nieuwe model is ons heelal gelegen aan de rand van deze uitdijende bubbel.
In een paper dat gepubliceerd is in het tijdschriftPhysical Review Lettersstelt het team dat alle materie in het universum gerelateerd is aan snaren die worden beschreven door de snaartheorie.
Mini-elastiekjes
Deze theorie is de extreemste vorm van theoretische fysica en de belangrijkste kandidaat voor een kwantummechanische beschrijving van de zwaartekracht.
Hij is nodig omdat de huidige theorieën, in het bijzonder de relativiteitstheorie van Einstein, onvolledig zijn.
De snaren zijn een soort mini-elastiekjes die op allerlei wijzen kunnen trillen.
Hogerdimensionale ruimte
Alle deeltjes om ons heen zouden ontstaan als de trillingen van één enkele snaar, zoals de boventonen van een vioolsnaar.
De onderzoekers zeggen dat de bubbel zich bevindt in een ‘extra’ vierde dimensie.
“In deze context is de kosmologie zoals we die zien als 4D-waarnemers niet het gevolg van nulpuntsenergie, maar een dynamisch object in een hogerdimensionale ruimte,” schrijven ze.
Andere universa
Het nieuwe model houdt ook rekening met het bestaan van andere universa, elk in hun eigen bubbel.
Volgens de wetenschappers zijn deze bubbels opvallend stabiel. In een vervolgonderzoek gaan ze hier dieper op in.
IS HET EEN GEEST, ORB, OF TOCH IETS ANDERS? ( UPDATE + VIDEO )
IS HET EEN GEEST, ORB, OF TOCH IETS ANDERS? ( UPDATE + VIDEO )
Met onze menselijke zintuigen kunnen we maar een beperkt aantal zaken waarnemen, maar dat er veel meer is dan dat wij zien, is een (wetenschappelijk) feit.
Alleen is het niet altijd even duidelijk wat er zich dan in die voor ons onzichtbare dimensies bevindt, zoals bij de onverklaarbare verschijnselen die zich voor doen in een werkplaats in Texas.
Onlangs schreven wij het onderstaande artikel over het vreemde fenomeen orbs genaamd.
In dart artikel komt ook de mainstream uitleg over orbs aan bod en die is in het kort als volgt: De eerste denkwijze bekijkt het als een heel duidelijk gevolg van een flits reactie op stofdeeltjes, insecten of vochtdruppels in de lucht die voor de camera komen.
In dat kader is de volgende net gemaakte opname heel interessant. Deze is gemaakt met een zogenaamde wildlife webcam in de Amerikaanse staat New York.
Je ziet op de beelden een wilde vos wat rondscharrelen en opeens komt er een orb aanvliegen. De vos schrikt en holt weg, iets dat natuurlijk nooit zou gebeuren als het een stofje voor de lens zou zijn geweest.
Is hiermee dan onomstotelijk bewezen dat orbs bestaan en dat het geen stofdeeltjes of vuiltjes zijn?
Origineel artikel: 22 november 2018
We lezen en zien de laatste jaren steeds meer over orbs. Een soort vreemde rondjes die vaak op foto's verschijnen en waarvan niemand eigenlijk precies weet wat ze zijn.
De mainstream media verklaring voor een orb is als volgt:
Een lichtbol, in het Engels een light orb, is een optisch verschijnsel dat zich voordoet bij het maken van foto's, bestaande uit typische cirkelvormige witte, of doorzichtige vlekjes.
De eerste denkwijze bekijkt het als een heel duidelijk gevolg van een flits reactie op stofdeeltjes, insecten of vochtdruppels in de lucht die voor de camera komen. Het zijn dus natuurlijke oorzaken die voor de vertekening van de foto zorgen. Dit verschijnsel komt vooral voor bij camera’s met ingebouwde flitser, doordat de flitser dicht bij de lens zit.
De tweede denkwijze is totaal tegenovergesteld; de ‘orbs’ zijn een paranormaal verschijnsel en niet van natuurlijke oorzaak. Sommigen beweren dat orbs enkel op een bepaalde plek verschijnen, of aangetrokken worden door menselijke activiteiten (zeker als deze activiteiten rond kinderen draaien).
Maar, hoe zit het dan als je die orbs duidelijk ziet bewegen op video?
Er is een werkplaats in de Amerikaanse staat Texas waar al jarenlang paranormale activiteiten plaatsvinden. De eigenaar van die werkplaats heeft camera's laten installeren en op de beelden daarvan zijn interessante zaken te zien.
Het lijkt enigszins op een aantal orbs die heen en weer door het beeld bewegen. Het kunnen geen dingen zijn zoals stofdeeltjes want je ziet ze regelmatig van richting veranderen. Het kunnen ook geen insecten zijn, want de orbs zijn min of meer doorzichtig
Aan het eind van de clip is er nog een opname te zien van "iets" waarvoor geen verklaring is.
Zijn het nu een soort geesten, orbs of een andere vorm van energie? Is het iets dat wetenschappelijk te verklaren is of hoort het thuis in de onverklaarbare wereld van het paranormale?
Mocht iemand een theorie hebben of iets dat wij over het hoofd hebben gezien, laat het ons weten. En ter verdere ondersteuning bij het denken, hierna nog even een deel uit een eerder artikel dat wij enkele jaren geleden schreven:
Een lezer heeft een ervaring met deze orbs en stuurt ons het volgende (dank!):
Ik ben sinds kort verhuisd en op één of andere manier voel ik aanwezigheid in huis.
Omdat er al vele dierbaren van mij niet meer in aardse bestaan zijn, dacht ik laat mij eens kijken of ik de entiteiten (orbs) kan vastleggen op foto.
Ik stuur jullie twee filmpjes, ik dacht dat deze bijlage van de plant is, hierop zie je op de hoogte van de witte bloempot vanuit het groene gordijn ook nog iets meer aparts tevoorschijn komen dan alleen orbs, wat richting de dekenkist gaat maar ook daar verdwijnt.
Op het tweede filmpje wat ik met een andere email verstuur, zie je werkelijk een invasie aan orbs, niet meer te tellen. Deze zie ik niet met het blote oog.
Ook ik ben paranormaal met de gaves; Heldervoelend,-wetend,-horend,-ruikend maar ook maak ik astrale reizen mee zoals Nostradamus ze had.
Wanneer dit gebeurd, weet ik voortaan dat het kort daarop het wereld nieuws is en dat zijn niet de mooiste nieuwsberichten. Ik krijg er helaas geen tijdstip en of werelddeel bij waar het gaat gebeuren maar mocht ik dat wel erbij krijgen, Wie zou mij dan geloven... Soms weet ik al iets van tevoren waar ik zelf nog niet eens weet van heb of kan hebben. Ik heb jullie ook ooit aangeschreven dat ik 21 oranjebollen tegenover mijn oude woning over de daken zag glijden met een gelijkwaardige snelheid. Helaas heb ik daar geen filmpje van omdat ik toen nog niet in bezit was van een smartphone, een ouwe muts of laatbloeier daarin ;) Dit was in Eindhoven, er waren wel twee getuigen. Eén bij in de woning aanwezig die ik lijkbleek zag wegtrekken maar ook een onbekende man voor mij die tegenover een winkel had die hij om 18.00 uur ging sluiten. Ik heb deze man nog gesproken en die is zelfs nog naar het vliegveld gereden omdat hij dacht dat er vliegtuigen niet mochten landen, Zijn verhaal horende, was het voor hem of hij van onder af in iets heel groots ronds keek met allemaal lichten. Ik had jullie eerder deze maand foto's gestuurd met het verhaal dat ik entiteiten wilde vastleggen maar iets anders tegen kwam, daar was iets uitvergroots(een soort ET) op te zien wat niet met het blote oog in huis te zien was. Helaas namen jullie mij denk ik niet serieus maar ik was het wel. Kijk maar of jullie de twee filmpjes willen delen met Niburu lezers, ik vond het interessant genoeg om ze naar jullie op te sturen.
It’s big – an estimated five times the footprint of New York City. Its location is super-secret – even the people working on it don’t know for sure where it’s at. Its purpose is even more secret – it could be an earthquake detector; it could be a way to communicate with submarines with them needing to surface; it could be something else. It’s scary – even China’s own media is worried about the safety of the people living near it. And now it’s allegedly up and running. It’s the Wireless Electromagnetic Method (WEM) Project and the Chinese media has made the risky move of notifying the world about it and its potential dangers.
“Though I am involved in the project, I have no idea where it is. It should be up and running by now.”
When a scientist working on a 13-year project doesn’t know where it’s located, it can’t be a good sign. Yet that‘s what Chen Xiaobin, a researcher with the Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration, told the South China Morning Postabout the WEM Project as it investigated reports that it’s finally up and running. Here’s what it knows so far. The WEM’s main above-ground part, possibly located in the central China Huazhong region, is a pair of high voltage power supply lines which form a cross that is 60km (37 miles) wide and about 100km (62 miles) long. At the ends, the copper wires go deep underground to power stations generating extremely low frequency (ELF) radio waves whose official stated use is to provide early earthquake warnings and support the country’s resource extraction industry in detecting fossil fuels and precious metals and minerals.
The ELF waves can travel up to 3,500km (2,200 miles) through the Earth’s crust, but that’s not what worries military watchdog sites like The Drive. It reports that the ELF wave generators are difficult for spy satellites to detect and the possible location is in a heavily populated area. It also points out that ELF waves can travel through water, which makes them perfect for communicating with submerged nuclear subs and doesn’t require the transmitters to be close to the coast.
Believe it or not, according to the South China Morning Post, what worries the Chinese the most is that ELF waves are suspected to cause cancer. The World Health Organization-affiliated International Agency for Research on Cancer warns that ELF waves are “possibly carcinogenic to humans” and has been linked to an increased risk of childhood leukemia as well as a cause of delusions, sleep deprivation, stress, depression, breast and brain tumors, miscarriages and suicide. ELF fields can also affect human nerve fibers, stimulate synaptic transmissions in neural networks and cause retina cells to generate sporadic flashes of light in eyes. Other than that, they’re perfectly harmless. China’s Ministry of Ecology and Environment submitted a request for a comprehensive review on the WEM Project’s environmental impact. An anonymous source (for obvious reasons) said:
“The money came from civilian budgets, but the military has intervened and muted the ministry’s complaint.”
So, a secret wave generator that’s five times the size of New York City yet impossible to find is probably being used to expand China’s nuclear submarine capabilities despite the fact that its cancer-causing ELF waves are endangering upwards of 230 million of its own people. The Chinese government is learning American-style “everybody else is doing it” public relations. Xi Jilou, a researcher with the Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, said this:
“China is not the first country doing this. Other countries conducted similar projects long ago.”
And Huang Zhiwei, a professor with the department of electrical engineering at Nanhua University in Hengyang, says:
“The matter must be handled with extreme caution, or it can easily lead to public panic.”
Kudos to the South China Morning Post for breaking this story. Will it help stop Project WEM … or is it too late?
I’m not a nut. I just wanted to know if anyone has had any experiences in the last few days…It really is quite amazing when you see one that seems to ‘splat’ out of another dimension and change into a round shape.
That’s how Charleston, South Carolina resident Debra Thompson described her encounter with a strange object off the coast on Christmas Eve, 2018. Around 9:30 pm local time on the evening of December 24, Thompson stepped outside to unplug some Christmas lights when she saw the odd light in the sky and instinctively pulled out her camera to film it, eventually posting the footage to YouTube.
Glowing orbs in the sky are among the most commonly reported UFOs, but due to their ambiguous appearance, it’s difficult to determine what they may be.
According to the description of the incident she included with her footage on YouTube, Thompson says the object appeared to move “intelligently” through the night sky:
I noticed this beautiful red sphere in the sky. I knew it was not Venus, it was in the North West Sky. It was moving toward my direction and also seemed intelligently in control. I felt as if it knew I was [filming] it. It moved around a bit and disappeared into a pinhole, then it reappeared back to its same size in a few minutes. With the naked eye it was much more brilliant to see. I called the local airport and they saw nothing on radar.
Local news stations broadcast Thompson’s footage of the object and were soon after inundated with emails from other eastern South Carolina residents who witnessed similar phenomena. Facebook users throughout the coastal area of the state posted comments on local news stations’ coverage of the incident claiming they also saw unidentified, curious lights that night. While many feel that they witnessed something otherworldly, many others think they merely saw a drone lit up with LEDs, a Chinese lantern, or perhaps – you guessed it – a weather balloon.
Chinese lanterns are often cited as possible explanations for strange lights in the sky. Are they really that common?
According to Charleston’s Post and Courier newspaper, the glowing orange orb is “a phenomenon that turns up in the sky here every so often.” The newspaper reports a similar orb was seen on New Year’s Day 2015 and again three weeks later. With so many witnesses and repeat incidents, this one seems like a credible UFO sighting – but it’s important to keep in mind that “unidentified” doesn’t necessarily mean “aliens.”
It’d be a lot cooler if it did, though.
Given the area’s proximity to Charleston Air Force Base, Marine Corps Air Station Beaufort, and Naval Weapons Station Charleston, it’s likely these strange lights are related to military exercises or aircraft tests. Of course, there’s always the possibility, however small, that the lights could be something else entirely. What exactly is going on in the skies above South Carolina?
John Lear Reveals Secret Advanced Technology That You Wont See For Decades
John Lear Reveals Secret Advanced Technology That You Wont See For Decades
John Lear has long been a legendary figure in the field of UFO research, who exerts his influence with government organizations to push the limits of disclosure.
As the son of the inventor of the Lear Jet, he can gain access to what transpires within clandestine operations concerning secret technology and extraterrestrial activities.
Corey Goode and David Wilcock discuss his testimony which include the development of advanced technology, the presence of beings from other planets and the degree of testing in secret military facilities with exotic materials.
On December 31 – while we celebrated – NASA’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft went into orbit around Bennu, a near-Earth asteroid. The maneuver makes Bennu the smallest object yet to be orbited by a spacecraft.
Yesterday – while many on Earth were ringing in the New Year – a NASA spacecraft 70 million miles (110 million km) away was breaking a space exploration record. NASA’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft carried out a single, eight-second burn of its thrusters and entered into orbit around near-Earth asteroid Bennu, making Bennu the smallest object yet to be orbited by a spacecraft. And Bennu is, indeed, very small. It has a mean diameter of approximately 1,614 feet (0.306 miles; 492 meters). The burn took place on December 31, 2018, at 18:43UTC(2:43 p.m. EST).
Dante Lauretta, OSIRIS-REx principal investigator at the University of Arizona Tucson, said:
The team [performed] the orbit-insertion maneuver perfectly. With the navigation campaign coming to an end, we are looking forward to the scientific mapping and sample site selection phase of the mission.
He added:
Entering orbit around Bennu is an amazing accomplishment that our team has been planning for years.
A statement from the team pointed out that Bennu – named for an ancient Egyptian mythological bird associated with the sun, creation, and rebirth – has barely enough gravity to keep a vehicle in a stable orbit.
The previous record-holder for closest orbit of a planetary body was the Rosetta spacecraft, which orbited about four miles (6.4 km) from the center of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in May 2016. OSIRIS-REx is much closer to Bennu, about a mile (1.6 km) from its center. This distance is necessary to keep the spacecraft locked to Bennu, these space scientists said, because Bennu’s gravity is only five-millionths as strong as Earth’s.
The spacecraft is scheduled to orbit Bennu through mid-February at a leisurely 62 hours per orbit.
This mosaic image of asteroid Bennu is composed of 12 PolyCam images collected on December 2, 2018, by the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft from a range of 15 miles (24 km).
Image via NASA/Goddard/University of Arizona.
OSIRIS-REx’s flight dynamics system manager Mike Moreau, who is based at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, commented:
Our orbit design is highly dependent on Bennu’s physical properties, such as its mass and gravity field, which we didn’t know before we arrived.
Up until now, we had to account for a wide variety of possible scenarios in our computer simulations to make sure we could safely navigate the spacecraft so close to Bennu. As the team learned more about the asteroid, we incorporated new information to hone in on the final orbit design.
This series of images were taken over the course of about four hours and 19 minutes on Dec. 4, 2018, as OSIRIS-REx made its first pass over Bennu’s north pole.
Credit: NASA/Goddard/University of Arizona
Even though OSIRIS-REx is in the most stable orbit possible, the team said, Bennu’s gravitational pull is so tenuous that keeping the spacecraft safe will require occasional adjustments. Dan Wibben, OSIRIS-REx maneuver and trajectory design lead at KinetX Aerospace in Simi Valley, California, said:
The gravity of Bennu is so small, forces like solar radiation and thermal pressure from Bennu’s surface become much more relevant and can push the spacecraft around in its orbit much more than if it were orbiting around Earth or Mars, where gravity is by far the most dominant force.
One critical objective of this orbital phase, the team said, is to get a better handle on Bennu’s mass and gravity, features that will influence the planning of the rest of the mission, notably the short touchdown on the surface for sample collection in 2020. In the case of Bennu, scientists can only measure these features by getting OSIRIS-REx very close to the surface to see how its trajectory bends from Bennu’s gravitational pull.
The OSIRIS-REx mission is scheduled to deliver the sample to Earth in September 2023.
Asteroid Bennu is considered a potentially hazardous object because its orbit carries it near Earth and it is large enough to cause significant damage in the event of an impact. It has a cumulative 1-in-2,700 chance of impacting Earth between 2175 and 2199.
Artist’s concept of OSIRIS-REx spacecraft at asteroid Bennu. The craft is scheduled for a sample collection in 2020 and sample return to Earth in 2023.
Bottom line: NASA’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft successfully carried out a burn on on December 31, 2018, at 18:43 UTC (2:43 p.m. EST) and thereby went into orbit around near-Earth asteroid Bennu. The maneuver makes Bennu the smallest object yet to be orbited by a spacecraft.
NASA's technosignatures report: every way to find evidence of an intelligent civilization
NASA's technosignatures report: every way to find evidence of an intelligent civilization
In 1961, famed astronomer Frank Drake created a formula for estimating the number of extraterrestrial intelligences (ETIs) that could exist within our galaxy. Known as the "Drake Equation," this formula demonstrated that even by the most conservative estimates, our galaxy was likely to host at least a few advanced civilizations at any given time. About a decade later, NASA officially kicked of its search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) program.
These efforts have experienced a major infusion of interest in recent decades thanks to the discovery of thousands of extrasolar planets. To address the possibility that life may exist out there, scientists are also relying on sophisticated tools to search for telltale indicators of biological processes (aka. biosignatures) and technological activity (technosignatures), which could indicate not only life but advanced intelligence.
To address the growing interest in this field, NASA hosted the NASA Technosignatures Workshop back in September. The purpose of this workshop was to assess the current state of technosignature research, where the most promising avenues lay, and where advances can be made. Recently, the workshop's report was released, which contained all their findings and recommendations for the future of this field.
This workshop emerged as a result of the Congress House Appropriations Bill that was passed in April 2018, wherein NASA was directed to begin supporting the scientific search for technosignatures as part of their larger search for extraterrestrial life. The event brought scientists and principle investigators together from various fields at the Lunar and Planetary Institute (LPI) in Houston, while many more participated via Adobe Connect.
During the three-and-a-half-day workshop, numerous presentations were made that addressed many relevant topics. These included different types of technosignatures, the radio search for extraterrestial intelligence (SETI), solar system SETI, megastructures, data mining, and optical and near-infrared light (NIL) searches. As per the House Appropriations Bill, the outcomes of the workshop were compiled into a report that was submitted on Nov. 28th, 2018.
Ultimately, the purpose of the workshop was four-fold:
Define the current state of the technosignature field. What experiments have occurred? What is the state-of-the-art for technosignature detection? What limits do we currently have on technosignatures?
Understand the advances coming near-term in the technosignature field. What assets are in place that can be applied to the search for technosignatures? What planned and funded projects will advance the state-of-the-art in future years, and what is the nature of that advancement?
Understand the future potential of the technosignature field. What new surveys, new instruments, technology development, new data-mining algorithms, new theory and modeling, etc., would be important for future advances in the field?
What role can NASA partnerships with the private sector and philanthropic organizations play in advancing our understanding of the technosignatures field?
Artist’s impression of a sunset seen from the surface of an Earth-like exoplanet.
Credit: ESO/L. Calçada
The report begins by providing background info on the hunt for technosignatures and offering a definition of the term. For this, the authors cite Jill Tarter, one of the foremost leaders in the field of SETI research and the person who coined the term itself. In addition to being the director of the Center for SETI Research (part of the SETI Institute) for 35 years, she was also the project scientist for NASA's SETI program before it was cancelled in 1993.
"If we can find technosignatures— evidence of some technology that modifies its environment in ways that are detectable– then we will be permitted to infer the existence, at least at some time, of intelligent technologists. As with biosignatures, it is not possible to enumerate all the potential technosignatures of technology- as-we-don't-yet-know-it, but we can define systematic search strategies for equivalents of some 21st century terrestrial technologies."
In other words, technosignatures are what we humans would recognize as signs of technologically-advanced activity. The best-known example is radio signals, which SETI researchers have spent the past few decades searching for. But there are many others signatures that have not been explored fully, and more are being conceived of all the time.
These include laser emissions, which could be used for optical communications or as a means of propulsion; signs of megastructures, which some believed were the reason behind the mysterious dimming of Tabby's Star; or an atmosphere full of carbon dioxide, methane, CFCs, and other known pollutants (to take a page from our own book).
When it comes to looking for biosignatures, scientists are limited by the fact that there is only one planet that we know of that supports life: Earth. But the challenges extend far beyond to include issues of funding and . As Jason Wright – an associate professor at PSU and the Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds (CEHW) and one of the authors on the report – told Universe Today via email:
"The technical challenges are many. What sorts of technosignatures would an extraterrestrial technological species generate? Which of those are detectable? How will we know if we have found one? If we find it, how can we be sure it's a sign of technology and not something unexpected but natural?"
In this respect, planets are considered to be "potentially habitable" based on whether or not they are "Earth-like." In much the same way, the hunt for technosignatures is limited to technologies that we know are feasible. However, there are also some key differences between technosignatures and biosignatures.
As they explain, many proposed advanced technologies are either "self-luminous" (i.e. lasers or radiowaves) or involve the manipulation of energy from bright natural sources (i.e. Dyson Spheres and other megastructures around stars). There is also the possibility that technosignatures will be widely distributed because the species in question may have spread their civilization to neighboring star systems and even galaxies.
As Wright explained, there are many types of technosignatures, the most commonly sought-out of which is a radio signal:
"These have many advantages: they are obviously artificial, they are one of the cheapest and easiest ways to transmit information over long distances, they don't require any extrapolation in technology from ours to generate, and we can detect even quite weak signals at interstellar distances. Other common technosignatures are lasers—either pulses or continuous beams—which have many of the same advantages. Both technosignatures were proposed almost 50 years ago, and most of the work done on technosignatures so far has been looking for them."
For each of these signatures, it is therefore necessary to establish upper limits, so that scientists know exactly what not to look for. "When you search for something and don't find it, you have to carefully document exactly what signals you have proven don't exist," said Wright. "Something like: no signals stronger than some level, at some time, within some range of certain stars, narrower than some bandwidth, within some range of frequencies."
The report then addresses what the upper limits of detection are for each technosignature and what current method and technology exists to search for them. To put this in perspective, they quote from a 2005 study by Chyba and Hand:
"Astrophysicists… spent decades studying and searching for black holes before accumulating today's compelling evidence that they exist. The same can be said for the search for room-temperature superconductors, proton decay, violations of special relativity, or for that matter the Higgs boson. Indeed, much of the most important and exciting research in astronomy and physics is concerned exactly with the study of objects or phenomena whose existence has not been demonstrated—and that may, in fact, turn out not to exist. In this sense astrobiology merely confronts what is a familiar, even commonplace situation in many of its sister sciences."
In other words, future progress in this field will consist of developing ways to hunt for possible technosignatures and determining in what form these signatures cannot be ruled out as natural phenomena. They begin by considering the extensive work that has been done in the field of radio astronomy.
When it comes right down to it, only a extremely narrowband astronomical radio source could be said to have an artificial origin, since broadband radio transmissions are a common occurrence in our galaxy. As a result, SETI researchers have conducted surveys that looked for both continuous wave and pulse radio sources that could not be explained by natural phenomena.
A good example of this is the famous "WOW." signal that was detected on August 15th, 1977, by astronomer Jerry R. Ehman using the Big Ear radio telescope at Ohio State University. In the course of surveying the Sagittarius constellation, near the M55 globular cluster, the telescope noted a sudden jump in radio transmissions.
Unfortunately, multiple follow-up surveys were unable to find any further indications of radio signals from this source. This and other examples characterize the painstaking and difficult work that comes with searching for radio wave technosignatures, which has been characterized as looking for a needle in the "cosmic haystack".
Examples of existing survey instruments and methods include the SETI Institute's Allen Telescope Array, the Arecibo Observatory, the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope, the Parkes Telescope, and the Very Large Array (VLA), the SETI@home project and Breakthrough Listen. But given that the volume of space that has been searched for both continuous and pulsed radio searches, the current upper limits on radio wave signatures are quite weak.
Similarly, optical and near-infrared light (NIL) signals also need to be compressed in terms of frequency and time in order to be considered artificial in origin. Here, examples include the Near-Infrared Optical SETI (NIROSETI) instrument, the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS), the Near-Earth Object Wide-field Survey Explorer (NEOWISE), and the Keck/High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer (HIRES).
When it comes to looking for megastructures (such as Dyson spheres), astronomers focus on both waste heat from stars and dips in their luminosity (obscurations). In the case of the former, surveys have been conducted that looked for excess infrared energy coming from nearby stars. This could be seen as an indication that starlight is being captured by technology (such as solar panels).
Consistent with the laws of thermodynamics, some of this energy would be radiated away as "waste" heat. In the case of the latter, obscurations have been studied using data from the Kepler and K2 missions to see if they could indicate the presence of massive orbiting structures – in the same way that they were used to confirm planetary transits and the existence of exoplanets.
Similarly, surveys have been conducted of other galaxies using the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) and Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS) to look for signs of obscurations. Other ongoing searches are being conducted with the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) and the Vanishing & Appearing Sources during a Century of Observations (VASCO).
The report also addresses technosignatures that may exist in our very own solar system. Here, the case of 'Oumuamua is raised. According to recent studies, it is possible that this object is actually alien probe, and that thousands of such objects could exist in the solar system (some of which could be studied in the near future).
There have even been attempts to find evidence of past civilizations here on Earth though chemical and industrial technosignatures, similar to how such indicators on an extra-solar planet could be considered evidence of an advanced civilization.
Another possibility is the existence of space -based alien artifacts or "bottled messages." These could take the form of spacecraft that contain messages similar to the "Pioneer Plaque" of the Pioneer 10 and 11 missions, or the golden record of the Voyager 1 and 2 missions.
Ultimately, the upper limits on these technosignatures vary, and no attempts to find any have succeeded so far. However, as they go on to note, there are considerable opportunities for future technosignature detection thanks to the development of next-generation instruments, refined search methods and lucrative partnerships.
These will allow for greater sensitivity when looking for examples of communications technology, as well as signs of chemical and industrial signatures thanks to the ability to directly image exoplanets.
Examples include ground-based instruments like the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT), the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), and the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT). There are also existing space-based instruments, including the recently-retired Kepler mission (whose data is still leading to valuable discoveries), the Gaia mission, and the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS).
Space-based projects that are currently under development include the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST), and PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars (PLATO) missions. These instrument, combined with improved software and data-sharing methods are expected to yield new and exciting results in the not-too-distant future.
But as Wright summarized, the thing that will make the biggest difference is a lot of time and patience:
"Despite being 50 years old, SETI (or, if you like, searches for technosignatures) is in many ways still in its infancy. There has not been very much searching compared to searches for other things (dark matter, black holes, microbial life, etc.) because of the historical lack of funding; there hasn't even been that much quantitative, foundational work about what technosignatures to search for. Most of the work so far has been people thinking about what work they would do if they had funding. Hopefully, we'll soon be able to start putting those ideas into practice."
After a half-century, the search for extraterrestrial intelligence has still found no evidence of intelligent life beyond our solar system – i.e. Fermi's famous question, "Where is everybody?", still holds. But that's the good thing about the Fermi Paradox, you only have to resolve it once. All humanity needs is to find a single example, and the equally time-honored question, "Are we alone?," will finally be answered.
The final report, "NASA and the Search for Technosignatures", was compiled by Jason Wright and Dawn Gelino – an associate professor at PSU and the Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds (CEHW) and a researcher with the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute (NExScI), respectively.
Au large de l’île au Sud de la Nouvelle-Zélande, l’équipage se souvient du jour où un OVNI a été aperçu au-dessus de Kaikōura 40 ans plus tôt- part I
Au large de l’île au Sud de la Nouvelle-Zélande, l’équipage se souvient du jour où un OVNI a été aperçu au-dessus de Kaikōura 40 ans plus tôt -- part I
Guido Valentich tient une photo de son fils Frederick, un pilote disparu lors d’un vol à destination de King Island dans un Cessna en octobre 1978. Photo / Getty
Dossier UFO de Nouvelle Zélande. « Les OVNIS de Kaikōura«
Ici pour commencer l’année 2019 nous vous proposons ce dossier complet sur une affaire compliquée ,une de plus qui démontre le cover up entourant les phénomènes inexpliqués qui ne reçoivent jamais de réponses pour les témoins.
Nous profitons ERA ( Emma ) et moi pour vous présenter nos meilleurs vœux pour cet an 2019 en vous remerciant de votre fidélité.
Pour toute reprise partielle ou totale
Merci de respecter notre travail de partage de l’information et de traduction et de mentionner toutes les sources et les références dans cette page afin de respecter les droits d’auteur.
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L’équipage se souvient 40 ans plus tard du jour où un OVNI a été aperçu au-dessus de Kaikōura
Article source : nzherald.co.nz/
-publié le : 15 décembre 2018 18h34
Traduction
C’était le jour du Nouvel An, 1979, lorsque le monde a pris conscience que six personnes avaient aperçues d’étranges lumières dans un avion au large de l’île du Sud de la Nouvelle-Zélande.
Était-ce un ovni? Non, ont dit les sceptiques. C’était Vénus, des calmars, des retours radar d’un champ de choux. (ironie)
Quarante ans plus tard, les deux pilotes et les quatre passagers sont catégoriques: rien de tout cela, ils sont frustrés d’être incapables de trouver des réponses.
The Herald on Sunday a retrouvé chaque membre du groupe dans le monde entier. L’une est agricultrice de mangues à Hawaii, tandis que l’autre est une dame mariée âgée de 80 ans .
L’affaire a acquis une renommée instantanée – mais aucune fortune – pour certains, avant que la honte et la colère ne leur soient reprochées lorsqu’ils ont été accusés de falsification de l’observation. Cela a eu pour conséquence de casser un mariage.
À la fin de l’année 1978, le continent était en proie à la fièvre ovni. En octobre, Frederick Valentich, âgé de 20 ans, a disparu alors qu’il pilotait un petit avion Cessna 182 au-dessus du détroit de Bass, tandis qu’il se dirigeait vers King Island, en Tasmanie. Décrit comme un « passionné de soucoupes volantes », Valentich a informé le contrôle de la circulation aérienne de Melbourne qu’il était accompagné d’un avion inconnu.
Deux mois plus tard, le 21 décembre, à bord du Tasman, Vern Powell et Ian Pirie, deux pilotes de Safe Air, ont repéré d’étranges lumières alors qu’ils volaient de Blenheim à Christchurch.
Producteur pour la chaîne 0 de Melbourne (aujourd’hui la chaîne 10), Leonard Lee a entendu la nouvelle et a retrouvé le journaliste Quentin Fogarty, qui travaillait pour la chaîne mais qui était en vacances avec sa femme et ses enfants à Christchurch, séjournant au domicile de Dennis Grant, journaliste de TV One.
Quentin Fogarty présentant l’actualité en 1979 après l’observation. Photo / Fichier archives . Crédit : nzherald.co.n
Le cameraman freelance de Wellington, David Crockett, a également été embauché avec son épouse Ngaire, qui exploitait le magnétophone.
Le groupe a été invité à monter à bord de l’avion Argosy de Safe Air basé à Blenheim, baptisé Merchant Enterprise, le 30 décembre, que les pilotes Bill Startup et Bob Guard prenaient pour un journal entre Wellington et Christchurch.
Bob Guard, à gauche, et Bill Startup en 1979. Photo / Paul Davidson crédit :nzherald.co.nz
Vidéo Dumbbell Dumbbase
via YouTube
Les observations de Kaikoura en 1978 constituent l’un des plus grands mystères de la Nouvelle-Zélande et l’un des cas d’OVNI les mieux documentés au monde. Près de 40 ans plus tard, les événements étonnants restent inexpliqués. Les observations ont été confirmées par des observations visuelles au radar – et ont également été filmées en couleur à bord d’un cargo Argosy volant de Wellington à Christchurch au sud dans la nuit du 31 décembre 1978.
Peu de temps après le décollage, les pilotes ont remarqué d’étranges lumières apparaître et disparaître sur la côte de Kaikōura à environ 20 miles à l’ouest.
« Tandis que nous filmions une scène devant la caméra, le capitaine Bill Startup nous a crié que nous devions nous rendre immédiatement au poste de pilotage, car quelque chose se reproduisait », a déclaré David Crockett.
Il a réussi à filmer une lumière blanche brillante se déplaçant rapidement.
« Avec la conversation venant des pilotes et du radar de Wellington, tout a commencé à devenir très effrayant », a déclaré Ngaire Crockett.
« J’ai été capable de me lever plusieurs fois et j’ai pu voir cette lumière brillante qui allait et venait. Quentin était dans un état de stress, il m’a saisi par les mains et a commencé à trembler. Je n’ai pas eu le temps de m’inquiéter moi-même, je devais l’aider. «
L’avion a atterri à Christchurch pour décharger les journaux et les pilotes ont demandé aux journalistes s’ils souhaitaient revenir dans la région qu’ils avaient traversée. Ngaire était trop effrayé alors resta à Christchurch. Les autres ont repris l’avion avec Dennis Grant à la place de Ngaire.
« David avait utilisé tout le film dans son appareil photo 16 mm », explique Grant.
« Quentin m’a appelé peu après minuit de l’aéroport de Christchurch pour voir si je pouvais fournir un nouveau film. Je le pouvais – mais il y avait un problème: je voulais monter dans l’avion pour le vol à destination de Blenheim. »
L’avion a décollé à 02h16. Environ trois minutes après le décollage, le groupe a vu une lumière brillante et ronde à droite. Le radar de l’avion indiquait une cible dans la même direction à environ 18 milles marins.
On entendra plus tard Fogarty dire à la caméra: « Espérons qu’ils sont amicaux ».
Crockett a filmé la lumière pendant plusieurs minutes alors qu’elle semblait voyager avec l’avion.
Les images ont provoqué une frénésie dans le monde entier.
Photo / Fichier crédit : nzherald.co.nz
Lorsqu’ils se tournèrent vers elle, la lumière sembla réagir en s’éloignant de l’avion.
« L’expérience en elle-même était extraordinaire », déclare Fogarty.
« Le fait de se trouver sur le pont d’envol bruyant et encombré de l’Argosy qui dévalait la côte en pleine nuit était passionnant. Pensez à une rangée de lumières palpitantes et hypnotiques planant à l’extérieur de la fenêtre, et cela passe à un autre niveau. »
Après avoir atterri à l’aéroport de Woodbourne vers 3 heures du matin, le groupe est resté dans les deux maisons des pilotes à Blenheim.
La fille de la start-up, Tracy Moore, se souvient du retour de son père à la maison au milieu de la nuit.
« Tout le monde était à la maison pour en parler au milieu de la nuit. Ils parlaient de lumières, de radars inexpliqués.
« À un moment donné, je me souviens que papa avait dit que ce serait une bonne idée de le signaler à la police. C’était pendant la guerre froide, il y avait un peu de paranoïa autour. Maman a dit: » Vous ne pouvez pas rester sur cette information » .
«C’était effrayant à ce moment-là. C’était une chose inconnue qui s’était produite et nous étions tous des adultes autour pour en discuter. Il n’y avait aucune blague.»
Fogarty a interviewé les pilotes avant de s’envoler pour Melbourne pour confier les enregistrements à Channel 0. Les images ont été diffusées aux heures de grande écoute cette nuit-là et un documentaire plus long a été projeté plus tard.
Les nouvelles ont fait le tour du monde et ont été présentées par les principaux médias, notamment le Herald et le présentateur de CBS, Walter Cronkite.
Une copie du Herald du 3 janvier 1979-
Crédit : nzherald.co.n
Une copie du journal Herald du 4 janvier 1979-
Crédit :nzherald.co.nz
La réaction sceptique fut immédiate. Les explications incluaient qu’il s’agissait de Vénus, de la drogue, de la lumière réfléchie par les choux ou les calmars.
Le gouvernement Robert Muldoon a ordonné à l’armée de l’air de mener une enquête, qui concluait que les observations pouvaient être expliquées par des phénomènes naturels mais inhabituels.
Leonard Lee s’est rendu aux États-Unis pour donner le film à Bruce Maccabee, un physicien optique spécialisé en technologie laser et ayant travaillé pour la US Navy dans le Maryland, en Virginie. Il a également été envoyé en Nouvelle-Zélande et à Melbourne pour interroger des témoins.
Leonard Lee, ancien producteur de Channel 0.
Photo / Paul Davidson Crédit : nzherald.co.nz/
Il a conclu que l’événement impliquait des objets inconnus ou des phénomènes correspondant à la définition des OVNIS.
« On pourrait penser que la conclusion selon laquelle plusieurs des observations auraient impliqué des objets non identifiés volant impunément dans l’espace aérien néo-zélandais aurait été suffisante pour entamer une étude encore plus approfondie des OVNIS », a déclaré Maccabee.
« Mais ce n’était pas le cas. Les observations ont été reléguées à la poubelle de l’histoire, oubliées de tous, à l’exception des témoins et de quelques ufologues qui ont discuté des divers événements d’observation pendant des années. »
Bruce Maccabee, photographié en 1979, a examiné des images du supposé OVNI.
Photo / fourni-Crédit :nzherald.co.n
Il dit que 39 ans après la diffusion de la séquence de Kaikōura, en décembre 2017, les principaux médias ont rapporté des observations d’OVNI par des membres de la marine américaine lors d’exercices d’entraînement.
Il a ajouté qu’ils impliquaient plusieurs témoins et de multiples sources d’informations, telles que le radar d’un navire de guerre au niveau de la mer, un radar dans les avions à réaction de la Marine, des caméras vidéo visibles et infrarouges dans les avions.
Mais l’incident semble avoir été oublié.
« L’histoire semble se répéter. »
Après sa victoire dans le monde, Quentin Fogarty, originaire de Dunedin, a souffert d ’« épuisement nerveux »et a été hospitalisé pendant quelques semaines.
« Le niveau de scepticisme initial à la fois m’a surpris et parfois bouleversé. Je ne m’attendais certainement pas à être accusé d’avoir mis la main à la pâte. Cette blessure profonde est encore là.
« Le tabloïd du quotidien local de Melbourne m’a qualifié de » journaliste d’OVNI « et cela a duré peu de temps, mais il n’a pas fallu longtemps pour que je reprenne mon rôle de journaliste à la télévision, traitant de sujets plus banals. »
Fogarty, un père de quatre enfants qui vit toujours à Melbourne, a déclaré qu’il s’était efforcé de raconter l’histoire de la manière la plus précise et la plus impartiale possible.
« Nous avions un film, nos propres comptes rendus de témoins oculaires et la confirmation de l’équipage de conduite et des contrôleurs aériens que nous étions tombés sur quelque chose d’étonnant.
Quentin Fogarty.
Photo / Paul Davidson via nzherald.co.nz
Fogarty, qui a commencé sa carrière chez Evening Star de Dunedin, a écrit un livre sur l’expérience de 1982, espérons qu’ils sont amicaux , et reste convaincu qu’une analyse informatique améliorée du film pourrait permettre de trouver des réponses.
« Quarante ans plus tard, il s’agit toujours d’un travail inachevé. »
Projet de loi pilote, 85
Bill Startup in 1978. Photo / Fourni via nzherald.co.nz
David Crockett a eu des soucis de santé, quelques effets après avoir filmé des objets étranges.
«À ce jour, l’incident n’a jamais quitté mon esprit. Je me souviens également de l’événement de personnes qui se sont approchées de moi et m’ont dit:« Je t’ai vu l’autre soir sur Discovery ou Science Channel ».
« L’effet de cette observation historique sur nous tous a certainement inclus beaucoup de stress. De mon côté, j’ai été insomniaque pendant plusieurs nuits et, après avoir donné plusieurs conférences à l’étranger sur cette observation, j’ai été très déprimé. »
Crockett, qui vit maintenant à Hawaii, où il travaillait comme producteur de mangues, a réalisé un documentaire sur l’incident et a donné des conférences qui l’ont fait voyager à travers le monde. Il espère réaliser un nouveau documentaire pour marquer les 40 ans.
« Cela a considérablement changé ma vie. À cette époque de l’histoire des phénomènes OVNIS, les sceptiques pensaient que nous étions fous et nous critiquaient de nombreuses manières. En 1978, la plupart des gens ne considéraient pas sérieusement qu’il s’agissait d’un objet réel et qui pouvait même provenir de d’autres planètes.«
Au large de l’île au Sud de la Nouvelle-Zélande, l’équipage se souvient du jour où un OVNI a été aperçu au-dessus de Kaikōura 40 ans plus tôt -- part I I
Au large de l’île au Sud de la Nouvelle-Zélande, l’équipage se souvient du jour où un OVNI a été aperçu au-dessus de Kaikōura 40 ans plus tôt -- part II
Journaliste de télévision Dennis Grant, 66 ans
Dennis Grant.
Photo / fourni via nzherald.co.nz
Au fil des ans, Grant a amassé une collection massive de journaux et de magazines. Il a parcouru des archives officielles en Australie et en Nouvelle-Zélande et a déposé des demandes officielles d’information pour des fichiers oubliés depuis longtemps.
« Les résultats sont extrêmement inutiles pour expliquer les lumières et ce qu’ils faisaient dans le ciel d’été solitaire de la Nouvelle-Zélande. Quarante ans plus tard, je suis toujours très curieux. »
« Mes petits-enfants adorent entendre l’histoire de mes contacts avec des OVNIS, je souhaite juste pouvoir fournir une conclusion. »
Grant travaillait chez TV One (maintenant TVNZ 1) à Christchurch en 1978 et vit maintenant en Australie.
« J’étais un jeune journaliste à l’époque, enflammé du zèle de raconter des histoires inédites, et j’ai aidé à raconter cette histoire. Mais le reste du monde, les scientifiques, les responsables, les militaires et – le plus triste pour moi – les médias , ont tous été consommés avec indifférence. Incurieux. «
Alors, croit-il aux OVNIS?
« Je suis tout à fait sceptique quant à la notion de petits hommes verts, de sondes anales martiennes et de tout le reste. Je note que le nombre d’observations d’OVNI a considérablement diminué depuis que les caméras vidéo et numériques ainsi que les caméras de téléphone sont devenues facilement disponibles. nous avons vu que la nuit au-dessus de Kaikōura n’était pas identifiée et l’est toujours. «
L’argosy
Paul Davidson, de Blenheim, avec son avion Argosy.
Photo / Tim Cuff via nzherald.co.nz
Désactivé, Argosy se trouve maintenant sur un terrain près de l’aéroport de Marlborough, propriété du cinéaste de Blenheim, Paul Davidson.
Il a acheté l’avion en 1991 après avoir appris qu’il devait être mis au rebut. Il a dit au directeur général de Safe Air qu’il paierait ce qu’il aurait obtenu du revendeur de ferraille.
L’avion avait une signification particulière pour lui. En 2009, Davidson a réalisé un documentaire présentant des interviews avec les pilotes et l’équipage de 1978.
Davidson, dont le domicile se trouve à proximité de l’avion, a restauré l’avion et effectue des expériences de simulation de vol, avec des films en vol racontant l’histoire de Safe Air – et des repas.
Les passagers peuvent dîner au café Argosy, à côté de l’avion, qui sert de terminal où ils peuvent récupérer leurs cartes d’embarquement et se rendre à leur porte pour faire l’expérience. Il y a aussi des souvenirs exposés.
L’avion est situés en face de la maison de Davidson.
Photo / Tim Cuff via nzherald.co.nz
« Nous l’avons remonté et rangé. C’est unique à Marlborough. »
À partir de jeudi, pour coïncider avec la première observation étrange, Davidson organisera une expérience sur le thème des OVNIS.
Son documentaire sera projeté, les lumières seront tamisées et une « atmosphère fantasmagorique » sera créée.
« Les gens peuvent s’asseoir à leur place, là où le capitaine Startup s’est assis. »
« C’est le seul endroit au monde où vous pouvez faire cela. »
Alors, Davidson croit-il aux OVNIS?
« Je crois en leur possibilité. »
« J’ai appris à connaître les deux pilotes avec mon documentaire. Ils en ont eu marre de dire: » Ce sont probablement les phares de voitures ou de calmars « .Ce sont des pilotes professionnels. » Nous savons à quoi Vénus ressemble, ce n’était pas Vénus « .
« Tout le monde à bord a déclaré que l’événement avait eu un effet traumatisant sur leur vie. »
• Les faits ont été approchés avec l’aide de Bruce Maccabee.
How the 40-year-old mystery of a UFO in New Zealand lives on
How the 40-year-old mystery of a UFO in New Zealand lives on
Pilots and passengers saw something unusual on their flight from New Zealand, which sparked a national frenzy. Years later, they’re still stumped.
It was New Year’s Day, 1979, when the world woke to the news that strange lights had been spotted by six people on a plane off the New Zealand’s South Island.
Was it a UFO? No, said the sceptics. It was Venus, it was squid boats, it was radar returns from a field of cabbages.
But 40 years later, the two pilots and four passengers are adamant it was none of the above and are frustrated at being unable to find answers.
New Zealand’s The Herald on Sunday tracked down each member of the group around the world. One is a mango farmer in Hawaii, while another is an 80-year-old newlywed after her royal wedding-themed ceremony at her retirement village the night before Meghan and Harry’s big day.
The case bought instant fame — but no fortune — for some, before bringing shame and anger when they were accused of hoaxing the sighting. It broke up a marriage.
Guido Valentich holds a photograph of his son Frederick, a pilot who went missing while on a flight to King Island in a Cessna in October 1978.
Picture: Popperfoto/GettySource:Getty Images
At the end of 1978, Australasia was in the grip of UFO fever. In October, 20-year-old Frederick Valentich disappeared while piloting a small Cessna 182 aircraft over Bass Strait while heading to King Island in Tasmania. Described as a “flying saucer enthusiast”, Valentich informed Melbourne air traffic control he was being accompanied by an unknown aircraft.
Two months later across the Tasman, on December 21, Safe Air pilots Vern Powell and Ian Pirie spotted strange lights while flying from Blenheim to Christchurch.
A producer for Melbourne’s Channel 0 (now Channel 10), Leonard Lee heard the news and tracked down reporter Quentin Fogarty, who worked for the channel but was on holiday with his wife and children in Christchurch, staying at TV Onejournalist Dennis Grant’s home.
Quentin Fogarty presenting the news in 1979 after the sighting.
Picture: FileSource:NZ Herald
Freelance Wellington cameraman David Crockett was also hired, along with his wife Ngaire, who operated the audiotape recorder.
The group were invited to jump aboard Safe Air’s Blenheim-based Argosy plane, named Merchant Enterprise, late on December 30, which pilots Bill Startup and Bob Guard were taking on a newspaper run between Wellington and Christchurch.
Shortly after takeoff, the pilots noticed strange lights appearing and disappearing over the Kaikōura coastline about 30 kilometres west.
“While we were filming a stand-up to camera, Captain Bill Startup shouted to us that we should go to the flight deck immediately as something was happening again,” says David Crockett.
He managed to film a rapidly moving, bright white light.
Bob Guard, left, and Bill Startup in 1979.
Picture: Paul DavidsonSource:NZ Herald
“With the conversation coming through my headphones from the pilots and radar from Wellington, it all started to get very scary,” says Ngaire Crockett.
“I was able to stand up a couple of times and was able to see these bright light coming and going. [Quentin] was a real mess and grabbed hold of both my hands and started shaking. I didn’t have time to worry about myself, I had to help him.”
The plane landed at Christchurch to unload newspapers and the pilots asked the news team if they wanted to go back through the area they had traversed. Ngaire was too frightened so stayed in Christchurch. The others reboarded the plane with Dennis Grant in Ngaire’s place.
“David had used up all the film in his 16mm camera,” Grant says.
“Quentin called me sometime after midnight from Christchurch Airport to see if I could provide a fresh roll of film. I could — but there was a catch — I wanted to get on the plane for the flight to Blenheim.”
The “UFO”, captured by cameraman David Crockett in New Zealand.
Source:News Corp Australia
The plane took off at 2.16am. About three minutes after takeoff, the group saw a bright, round light to the right. The aeroplane radar showed a target in the same direction about 18 nautical miles.
Fogarty would later be heard saying on camera: “Let’s hope they’re friendly.”
Crockett filmed the light for several minutes as it appeared to travel along with the plane.
When they turned toward it, the light seemed to react by moving away from the aeroplane.
“The experience itself was extraordinary,” Fogarty says.
“Just being on the cramped, noisy flight deck of the Argosy barrelling down the coast in the dead of the night was exciting. Factor in a row of pulsating, hypnotic lights hovering outside the window, and it goes to another level.”
After landing at Woodbourne Airport at about 3am, the group stayed at the two pilots homes in Blenheim.
Startup’s daughter Tracy Moore remembers her father coming home in the middle of the night.
A copy of the New Zealand Herald from January 3, 1979.
Source:NZ Herald
This was the copy of the Herald on January 4, 1979.
Source:NZ Herald
“Everyone was at our house talking about it in the middle of the night. They were talking about lights, unexplained radar.
“At one point, I remember dad saying it might be a good idea to report it to the police. It was during the Cold War, there was a bit of paranoia around. Mum said: ‘You can’t sit on this information’.
“It was scary at the time. It was a big unknown thing that had happened and we had all the adults around discussing it. There were certainly no jokes being made.”
Fogarty interviewed the pilots before flying to Melbourne to give the recordings to Channel 0. The footage featured on prime time news that night and a longer documentary piece screened later.
The news went around the world and was featured by major news media, including by the Herald and by CBS anchorman Walter Cronkite.
Bruce Maccabee, pictured in 1979, examined footage of the supposed UFO.
Source:NZ Herald
The sceptical reaction was immediate. Explanations included that it was Venus, drug runners, light reflected from cabbages or squid boats.
The Robert Muldoon Government ordered an inquiry by the Air Force, which concluded that the sightings could be explained by natural but unusual phenomena.
Leonard Lee travelled to the US to give the film to Bruce Maccabee, an optical physicist who specialised in laser technology and worked for the US Navy in Maryland, Virginia. He was also flown to New Zealand and Melbourne to interview witnesses.
He concluded the event involved unknown objects or phenomena fitting the definition of UFOs.
“One would think that the conclusion that several of the sightings involved unidentified objects flying with impunity in the New Zealand air space would have been sufficient to start an even deeper study of the UFOs,” Maccabee says.
Maccabee pictured recently.
Source:NZ Herald
“But it wasn’t. The sightings were relegated to the dustbin of history, forgotten by all except the witnesses and a few ufologists who discussed the various sighting events for years afterward.”
He says that 39 years after the Kaikōura footage emerged, in December 2017, major media carried reports of UFO sightings by US Navy personnel during training exercises.
He says they involved multiple witnesses and multiple sources of information such as battleship radar at sea level, radar in the Navy jet aeroplanes, visible and infra-red video cameras in the aeroplanes.
But the incident appears to have been forgotten.
“History appears to be repeating itself.”
WHERE ARE THEY NOW?
The Herald on Sunday caught up with the pilots and passengers.
Journalist Quentin Fogarty, 72
After his world scoop, Dunedin-born Quentin Fogarty suffered from “nervous exhaustion” and ended up in hospital for a couple of weeks.
Quentin Fogarty.
Picture: Paul DavidsonSource:NZ Herald
“The level of initial scepticism both surprised and, at times, overwhelmed me. I certainly did not expect to be accused of hoaxing the whole thing. That cut deep, it still does.
“The local daily tabloid in Melbourne branded me as the ‘UFO Reporter’, and that stuck for a short time, but it did not take long for me to be back in my role as a TV journalist reporting on more mundane matters.”
Fogarty, a father of four who still lives in Melbourne, says he endeavoured to report the story as accurately and as impartially as he could.
“We had film, our own eyewitness accounts and confirmation from the flight crew and air traffic controllers that we had stumbled into something astonishing.
Fogarty, who started his career at Dunedin’s Evening Star wrote a book about the experience in 1982, Let’s Hope They’re Friendly, and remains convinced that enhanced computer analysis of the film might get closer to finding answers.
“Forty years down the track, this is still unfinished business.”
Pilot Bill Startup, 85
Startup now lives in a rest home in Blenheim. He had a stroke a three years after the incident and had to retire from flying.
He wrote a book the following year, The Kaikōura UFOs, his daughter says, to clear up the misinformation doing the rounds. The same year, Startup then took his wife Shirley and children to visit Bruce Maccabee in the US.
Bill Startup in 1978.
Source:NZ Herald
Shirley, who died in 2012, was interviewed in 2008 and said a psychiatrist had thought the men had lost their faith in God and were seeing angels.
Startup, who was not well enough to be interviewed by the Herald on Sunday, told a documentary in 2009: “What it was all those years ago … I wish I knew. People can think what they want but they were not in the aircraft.”
Startup did not dwell on the experience, Moore says.
“Over the years there has been periodic interest, so he was being visited every one to two years from reporters all over. But he didn’t bring it up.”
She didn’t get the impression he truly believed it was UFO.
“He’d seen something that he did not know what it was, and his colleagues couldn’t come up with an explanation. He had no thoughts that he ever communicated to us.”
Co-pilot Bob Guard, 73
Guard has never said too much about the strange lights.
“One of the issues for me is we were just doing our job. We suddenly had to justify ourselves. We didn’t know what the hell it was.
Bob Guard in 1978.
Source:NZ Herald
Bob Guard recounting his experience in Paul Davidson's documentary The Kaikoura UFOs.
Picture: Paul DavidsonSource:NZ Herald
“We didn’t expect to see anything. It was a bit tense as it got closer to the aircraft.”
“I got over it. Have I ever seen anything like that again? No I haven’t. Do I believe in UFOs? No I don’t. Pilots see a lot of unidentified flying things.
“Would I tell anyone if I saw anything like that again? No I wouldn’t. It’s not worth the hassle.”
Research followed the sightings but he says “some were a sham — they used newspaper articles for their research”.
Guard stopped working for Safe Air in 1990 and went on to work at Air Nelson. He was the flight operations manager when he retired, aged 65, in 2010.
His children and grandchildren were aware of the story but it is not “something that has taken over their lives”.
Sound recorder Ngaire Crockett, 80
The Crocketts, who had five children, separated soon after the incident.
Ngaire is now Ngaire Gilmore after her new marriage to husband Ray Gilmore.
Ngaire Crocket in the 1970s.
Source:NZ Herald
Ngaire Gilmore at her home in Palmerston North.
Picture: Alexander RobertsonSource:NZ Herald
The pair, who met during a blind date eight years ago, married in a surprise ceremony at the Julia Wallace Retirement Village in Palmerston North the day before Meghan and Harry’s nuptials this year.
Residents dressed up in royal wedding theme for happy hour but didn’t know they were attending a real wedding.
“Has this film changed my life?” asks Gilmore.
“I guess it did. We had phone call after phone call and people knocking on our door. David and the reporter became so obsessed that the doco was all they talked about. I switched off as we had five children and it was effecting all our lives.”
Cameraman David Crockett, 85
David Crockett dealt with health a handful of effects after filming the strange objects.
“To this very day, the incident has never left my mind. I am also reminded of the event by people who come up to me and say, ‘I saw you the other night on the Discovery or Science Channel’.
David Crockett in 1978.
Source:NZ Herald
David Crockett.
Picture: SuppliedSource:NZ Herald
“The effect this historic sighting has had on all of us has certainly included a fair amount of stress. As for me, I was sleepless for several nights, and after having performed several overseas lectures on this sighting, became quite depressed.
Crockett, who now lives in Hawaii where he worked as a mango farmer, made a documentary about the incident, and gave lectures, which took him around the world. He is hoping to make a new documentary to mark the 40-year anniversary.
“It substantially changed my life. At that time in the history of the UFO phenomena, sceptics thought we were crazy, and criticised us in many ways. In 1978, most persons would not seriously consider that these were real object and may even originate from other planets.”
TV journalist Dennis Grant, 66
Over the years Grant has amassed a massive collection of a newspaper and magazine stories. He’s scoured official records in Australia and New Zealand and lodged official information applications for long-forgotten files.
Dennis Grant.
Source:NZ Herald
“The results are overwhelmingly unhelpful in explaining the lights and what they were doing in the lonely summer skies of New Zealand. Forty years on I’m still very curious.
“My grandkids love to hear the story of my brush with UFOs, I just wish I could provide an ending.”
Grant was working at TV One (now TVNZ 1) in Christchurch in 1978 and now lives in Australia.
“I was a young journalist back then, fired with the zeal of telling stories untold, and I helped tell this story. But the rest of the world, the scientists, the officials, the military and — saddest of all for me — the media, were all consumed with indifference. Incurious.”
So does he believe in UFOs?
“I am entirely sceptical of the notion of little green men, Martian anal probes and all the rest of it. I note that the number of UFO sightings has greatly diminished since video and digital cameras and phone cameras have became readily available. However, what we saw that night over Kaikōura was unidentified and still is.”
The Argosy
The decommissioned Argosy now sits on land near the Marlborough Airport owned by Blenheim filmmaker Paul Davidson.
He purchased the aircraft in 1991 after hearing it was to be scrapped, telling the Safe Air general manager he would pay what he would have got from the scrap dealer.
Paul Davidson, of Blenheim, with his Argosy aircraft.
Picture: Tim CuffSource:NZ Herald
The aircraft had special meaning to him — in 2009, Davidson made a documentary, featuring interviews with the pilots and crew from 1978.
Davidson, whose home is on land adjacent to the aircraft, has restored and refurbished the aircraft and runs flight simulation experiences, complete with in-flight movies telling the story of Safe Air — and meals.
Passengers can dine at the Argosy Cafe, next to the plane, which acts as a terminal where they can collect their boarding passes and go to their gate for the experience. There is also memorabilia on display.
“We put it back together and tidied it up. It’s unique to Marlborough.”
Paul Davidson, of Blenheim, with his Argosy aircraft.
Picture: Tim CuffSource:NZ Herald
From Thursday, to coincide with the first strange sighting, Davidson will be running a UFO-themed experience.
His documentary will be screened, lights will be dimmed on-board and a “spooky atmosphere” created.
“People can sit in actual seat Captain Startup sat in.
“It’s the only place in the world where you can do that.”
So, does Davidson believe in UFOs?
“I believe in the possibility of them.
“I got to know both pilots with my documentary. They got sick of people saying ‘It was probably the lights of cars, or lights of squid boats’. These were professional pilots. ‘We know what Venus looks like, this was not Venus’.
“Everyone on board has said the event had a traumatic effect on their lives.”
• The accounts were pulled together with the help of Bruce Maccabee.
This article originally appeared on the New Zealand Herald and was reproduced with permission
An artist's illustration of the alien planet Kepler-186f, which orbits in the habitable zone of a red dwarf star.
Credit: NASA Ames/SETI Institute/JPL-CalTech
Oxygen may not be quite as compelling a sign ofalien lifeas astrobiologists had thought, a new study suggests.
Researchers running laboratory experiments with various types of simulatedexoplanet atmospheresmanaged to generate oxygen, as well as carbon-containing organic molecules, the chemical building blocks of life as we know it.
"People used to suggest that oxygen and organics being present together indicates life, but we produced them abiotically in multiple simulations," study lead author Chao He, of the Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, said in a statement. "This suggests that even the co-presence of commonly accepted biosignatures could be a false positive for life." [10 Exoplanets That Could Host Alien Life]
The vast majority of the molecular oxygen (O2) in Earth's atmosphere — and the stuff makes up about 20 percent of our air — is pumped out by plants and photosynthetic microbes. So, astrobiologists and planetary scientists have long regarded oxygen as a key target in the search for alien life.
For example, many researchers argue that finding both oxygen and methane in an exoplanet's atmosphere would be a strong indicator of biological activity. The two gases cannot coexist for long, so their combined presence would suggest continuous renewal. And methane, like oxygen, is a common metabolic byproduct here on Earth, so renewal by life would seem like a reasonable inference.
This isn't to say that such a find would be hailed as proof of life, however. There would likely be too much uncertainty to make, or buy into, an unambiguous claim.
Part of that uncertainty would stem from an incomplete understanding of the exoplanet on which the oxygen and methane (or other potential biosignatures) were found. Perhaps there's some weird abiotic chemistry going on there that mimics the atmospheric signals that life produces here on Earth.
The new study suggests that such concerns are indeed justified. He and his colleagues worked with nine different gas mixtures, which were consistent with what may be found in the atmospheres of super-Earth or mini-Neptune alien planets. (As their names suggest, these two classes of alien worlds are more massive than Earth but less bulky than ice giants such as Neptune and Uranus.)
The researchers exposed the various mixtures — which contained gases such as carbon dioxide, water, methane and ammonia — to temperatures ranging from 80 degrees Fahrenheit to 700 degrees F (27 to 370 degrees Celsius). And they zapped the gaseous brews with one of two types of reaction-stimulating energy — ultraviolet light and plasma.
The team checked each concoction after three days, identifying the compounds that had been produced using a mass spectrometer. Multiple setups generated oxygen and organics such as formaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide, the researchers said.
Credit: NASA/U. S. Geological Survey/Norman Kuring/Kathryn Hansen
Billions of years ago, molecules on a lifeless and tumultuous Earth mixed, forming the first life-forms. Eons later, a larger, smarter form of life is huddling over lab experiments trying to understand its own beginnings.
While some say life emerged from simple chains of molecules, others say early chemical reactions formed self-replicating RNA. A relative of DNA, RNA acts as a decoder or messenger of genetic information. [7 Theories on the Origin of Life]
A new study provides evidence for the RNA idea, which is known as the "RNA world hypothesis." But at least one ingredient in early RNA may differ from what's found in the modern form, a group of scientists reported on Dec. 3 in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Modern RNA, alongside its sugar and phosphate backbone, is made of four main building blocks: nucleobases called adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U).
But it turns out that early RNA may have had one nucleobase that isn't part of the modern form.
In tiny plastic tubes, the researchers put water, a little bit of salt, buffer to keep the pH basic and magnesium ions to speed up reactions. These conditions are similar to those found in a freshwater lake or pond, a crater lake, or the kind of lake or pool found in volcanic regions such as Yellowstone National Park — all places that life could have started.
The researchers then added a small piece of RNA called a primer attached to a longer piece of RNA called a template. New RNA is made when a primer copies template RNA, through base pairing . The nucleobases uniquely match up with one another; C binds only with G, and A binds only with U.
The researchers added the nucleobases (A, C, G and U) so they could bind to the template and thereby extend the shorter piece, the primer. Results showed that, with ingredients from modern RNA, the reaction didn't work fast enough for the RNA to form and replicate without errors.
But then, the researchers added another chemical, called inosine, into the mix, instead of the guanine-based molecule. After that, the researchers were surprised to find that RNA could form and replicate slightly more accurately than it does in a mix with guanine.
This mix didn't cause what's called an "error catastrophe," meaning that mutations or random mistakes in replications stayed below a threshold, ensuring they could be eliminated before accumulating.
"The fact that [the addition of inosine] surmounts the problem of error catastrophe is an important test of [the molecule’s] significance," said David Deamer, a biologist at the University of California, Santa Cruz, who was not part of the study. His only quibble is the claim that inosine is more plausible in the making of primitive RNA than other alternative bases, Deamer said. He doesn't yet think the other bases should be excluded, since "this is a fairly broad claim … based on a highly specific chemical reaction," Deamer told Live Science
But because inosine can be easily derived from another base pair, adenine, it makes the process of originating life "easier" than if you had to make guanine from scratch, said John Sutherland, a researcher into the chemical origins of molecular biology at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in the U.K., who was not part of the study either.
The findings break "the conventional wisdom that inosine couldn't have been useful," Sutherland told Live Science. Inosine had earned this reputation because it works a very specific job in a form of RNA called transfer RNA, which decodes genetic information.
Inosine was thought to "wobble," or bind to various base pairs rather than a single one. That would have made it a poor molecule for giving unique instructions to form new RNA, because there wouldn't have been clear direction for what inosine could bind with. And so, "a lot of us had wrongly thought that [wobble] was an inherent property of inosine," Sutherland said. But this study showed that inosine, in the early world context where RNA first emerged, doesn't wobble, but instead pairs reliably with cytosine, he added.
"It all makes sense now, but based on the older results, we didn't expect inosine to work as well as it did," said study senior author Jack Szostak, a professor of chemistry and chemical biology at Harvard University, who is also a Nobel laureate.
Szostak and his team are now trying to figure out how else that primitive RNA might have been different from modern RNA — and how it eventually turned into modern RNA. Also, much of their lab is focused on how RNA molecules replicated before enzymes evolved. (Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions.)
"This is a big challenge," Szostak told Live Science. "We've made a lot of progress, but there are still unsolved puzzles."
Sutherland also noted that the field is generally moving on from a pure "RNA world hypothesis" into one that sees more components mixed into the cauldron that created life. Those include lipids, peptides, proteins and energy sources. He added that in researchers' minds, "It's a less purist RNA world than it used to be."
LAUREL, Md. — NASA's New Horizons spacecraft has completed its epic flyby of the most distant object ever explored, the recently-unveiled fossil from the beginning of the solar system, Ultima Thule. So what's next?
Although the Jan. 1 encounter is over, the mission is far from finished. New Horizons still has images of Ultima Thuleto send back, more of the Kuiper Belt to study, and the hope of one day leaving the solar system completely.
With the spacecraft safely past its target, a primary concern is its condition. After all, it can't send home data if it isn't functioning. Fortunately, health doesn't currently appear to be an issue. [New Horizons at Ultima Thule: Full Coverage]
"Everything looks great," Mission Operation Manager Alice Bowman told the press after the flyby.
"We're definitely looking forward to getting down the science data so all of our scientists—and the world — can see what the origins of our solar system has to hold for us."
An extensive process
Ultima Thule, a Kuiper Belt object 4 billion miles from Earth, is seen by NASA's New Horizons spacecraft on Dec. 31, 2018, just hours before the probe's flyby closest approach on Jan. 1, 2019. It is the most distant object ever visited by a spacecraft.
Credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute
But before New Horizons can dig into the process, the spacecraft will be temporarily silenced by the sun. For a few brief days, from Jan. 4 to 9, the sun's atmosphere will block transmissions from New Horizons back to Earth. During that time, the science team will disperse, returning to their homes for a few days of downtime.
As soon as spacecraft clears the sun, the researchers will return to consuming each day's new data, working remotely in several small teams and meeting back together again at the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (JHUAPL) in Maryland on Jan. 15.
They won't be hanging around Maryland the whole time, however. At about 1,000 bits per second, it will take roughly 20 months to send home all of the newly-collected data about Ultima Thule. Eventually, they'll head home again, meeting remotely and occasionally in person to discuss their discoveries.
The arrival of the images and information is highly prioritized, according to principle investigator Alan Stern, a planetary scientist at the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) in Colorado.
"Even though the spacecraft has performed perfectly now for almost 13 years, there's always the chance that something could go amiss," Stern told the press after the flyby.
Information about the highest priority objectives, such as the geology and composition, as well as the potential for rings or moons, will be beamed home first. Secondary goals pertaining to dust escape, craters, and physical surface properties will take second string.
Only once that information has been sent back will the lowest-priority and bonus objectives related to more detailed properties of any rings and moons, information about the mass and density, and extra compositional studies return to Earth.
The first few downlinks will contain a little bit of everything.
"We want to get data sets from each of the instruments on the ground," Bowman said.
According to Bowman, although Ultima Thule is much smaller, New Horizons is collecting roughly the same amount of data as it retrieved at Pluto. But Ultima Thule is more than a billion miles farther from Earth than Pluto, so it takes even longer for the information to travel home.
All of it is relayed by a 15-watt radio transmitter whose weak signal is directed at Earth.
"I am in awe that we can even do this," Stern said about the communication process.
Extending the mission
New Horizons and Ultima Thule will be 4.1 billion miles away when it visits the Kuiper Belt object. This chart shows the path of New Horizons compared to other probes that have left the solar system.
Credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
After buzzing Pluto in 2015, New Horizons began an extended mission, the highlight being the Ultima Thule flyby. But that's not the only goal of the spacecraft's next phase. It will continue to study the Kuiper Belt, the band of ice and rocks that makes up the third zone of the solar system, until at least April 2021 when its current mission funding ends.
"We expect to have plenty of fuel left when we finish Ultima Thule," Project Scientist Hal Weaver said before the flyby. "We'd like to try to find another KBO along the way."
The Kuiper Belt stretches from about 30 to about 55 astronomical units (AU), and Ultima Thule is smack in the middle of it. [An AU is the distance between Earth and the sun]. According to Stern, New Horizons will be in the Kuiper Belt until 2027 or 2028.
"It would be silly not to look for another target," Stern said.
The hunt might prove to be more difficult than originally anticipated. While New Horizons was on its way to Pluto, the researchers spent years combing the sky with NASA's Hubble Space Telescope before finally finding three potential targets, finally selecting Ultima Thule because it was the closest. The lonely object lies in the most heavily populated region of the Kuiper Belt.
According to Weaver, Ultima Thule is the faintest KBO ever observed, in part because it lies so far away. The next target will orbit even farther out, making it potentially even fainter and harder to see from Earth.
The best telescope for discovering the next target might be New Horizons itself. Weaver said that it might be possible to modify the flight software so that the Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI), the spacecraft's camera, could be used as a discovery device for finding KBOs along New Horizons' path.
LORRI could take hundreds or even thousands of photographs of the stars around the spacecraft. Rather than send those images back to Earth, it might be possible to program the computer to search for the best targets and only send home those images. Weaver said that such plans are still on the drawing board.
But the team won't immediately begin stressing about their next mission. According to Stern, they won't submit a proposal for the next extended mission until the summer of 2020. In the meantime, they will hunt for New Horizons next target.
"I'm relatively optimistic," Stern said.
Say goodbye
When New Horizons flew past Ultima Thule, it zoomed by at 32,000 mph (14 km/s). With these speeds, the spacecraft will be able to break free from the sun's gravitational pull and travel beyond the solar system, like NASA's Voyager and Pioneer spacecraft.
When that will happen remains a mystery. The boundary between the heliosphere, the region that surrounds the sun, and the interstellar medium (ISM), the region between the stars, changes with the 11-year solar cycle. That makes it difficult to predict where it will be in 20 years, Stern told Space.com in the weeks before the flyby.
New Horizons should hold onto power until around the late 2030s, Stern said, when it will be just past 100 AUs from the sun. The boundary could be anywhere from 70 to 130 AUs in the most extreme cases.
"No model can predict whether we can see interstellar space before we run out of power," Stern said. But he thinks there's a good chance that the spacecraft will still have power when it crosses the ever-changing boundary.
That would be an excellent thing for science. Although both Voyager 1 andVoyager 2 have instruments that have been measuring ISM particles, Stern said that New Horizon carries not one but two more powerful instruments. With these instruments, the spacecraft could make more accurate measurements than its predecessors.
In addition, New Horizons has the Student Dust Counter, which currently holds the record for the most distant working dust detector in space.
"Putting a dust detector in the ISM would be a very valuable experience," Stern said.
New Horizons will leave the solar system whether it targets another KBO or remains on its present course, he said.
Whether New Horizons extends its mission or continues straight on from Ultima Thule, its scientists are excited to see the new images the spacecraft will be delivering down the road.
"It just keeps getting better and better," Weaver said.
I know all of us have seen the movies: Terminator, the Matrix, the films of man’s cataclysmic failure to recognize that A.I. technology could lead to a world war of man versus machine. Is this concern valid.
Before we can even get into this talk we have to lay down an answer to a more basic question to quench our initial concerns, that being, is A.I. even possible.
Alexa, Google and The Superbots
Data mining has led to a theory that by creating a large enough tracking and intelligence database A.I. can come to life.
In all truth we know that simply because people are being tracked in live time by machines does not technically constitute artificial intelligence.
A recent video I watched breaks this event down handily and is well worth the watch:
So, if we are witnessing the spontaneous display of intelligence by bots and learning systems designed by people are we on the brink of discovering how A.I. can be brought to life.
To me the answer is in the scriptures. We are told a few things about life, that we were created, that our body is subject to a spirit, that the mechanics of life are written in us.
We see that DNA is our programming, the binary of biology, the body is nothing more than a super advanced machine that is powered by a force that is non-physical, a spirit.
If we take these principals and apply them to what we are creating it becomes obvious that A.I. technology is possible. What defines A.I. and what will allow it to come to life is to create a computer system that is programmed to be like us, independent, sovereign and with choices.
The most important thing to remember about the Bible is that it tells us that God is through all things, thus and therefore the spirit of God being through any machine can potentially spring life into it and I believe that is what we are seeing with these initial instances of bot independence and independent thought.
How Can It Hurt?
Above all we should fear not. Just like in our lives, a life of choices, we seek to protect what is dear and near to our hearts; we do not desire to do evil, crime for fear of the law. I do not believe that A.I. would be any different.
Having sovereignty and freedom dictates the preservation of those ideal and therefore the instances of an A.I. enslavement of man would be contingent upon choices.
This is a serious discussion because it has already happened time and time again among people. The Nazi’s, the Roman Catholic Church, Islam and various other groups have a “take over the world” creed that drives them to labour.
If machines are identifiably different then men, why then would this divide cause conflict and war?
A.I. Love
I do not think that in any circumstance that we should fear A.I. or, in the case that it soon becomes a reality, hate it because of the differences. If a being has choice then it also has hurt by way of the restrictions of that choice.
The real concern that we should have is the Transhumanism of man, the desire to back date the technology of our created bodies to a lower form of technology that is man made, rather than God made.
You body can heal of cancer, strokes, spinal injuries; I have even heard of the regrowth of limbs, the raising of the dead. These are the incredible capabilities of our bodies, yet technology has less of such a means.
An old junk car can’t be welded back together, a worn pair of jeans cannot be patched; technology typically does not outlast men; it is nothing to worship.
Antarctica Stargate: Is Bizarre Tech Melting the Ice? via Dr. Michael Salla (Video)
Antarctica Stargate: Is Bizarre Tech Melting the Ice? via Dr. Michael Salla (Video)
Is there a secret Stargate under #Antarctica sending off mysterious cosmic rays which is causing the ice to melt? In our series with Dr. Michael Salla he talks about what he believes is really going on in Antarctica and how this is tied to a full #Disclosure.
We also discuss if China has secret underground bases that they are used for (s l a v e) labor and human trafficking?
And how public space missions are being used as a front for the real space missions from the Secret Space Program.
Michael Salla also talks about why becoming more spiritual or religious is a good thing for humanity and why the #DeepState fear this so much.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.