The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
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Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
07-01-2019
A huge UFO interacted with the Sun to avoid a powerful Solar Storm directed to Earth!
A huge UFO interacted with the Sun to avoid a powerful Solar Storm directed to Earth!
A huge “extraterrestrial object” interacted with the Sun to avoid a powerful “Solar Storm” (or Solar Flare) directed to Earth!
NASA as they watched the scene unfolding in front of the Sun, thanks to images received from space probes
SOHO made the decision to close the six solar observatories around the world, so that no one witnessed what was happening.
This diagram suggests how the Kuiper Belt object 2014 MU69, nicknamed Ultima Thule, could have formed.
Credit: James Tuttle Keane/NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI
A close view of an ultra-distant fossil is helping to answer questions about the formation of planets throughout the universe.
NASA's New Horizons probe buzzed the outer solar-system object early on New Year's morning, making the first flyby of such a primitive object. Because 2014 MU69 has remained virtually untouched since the birth of the solar system 4.5 billion years ago, it can reveal new details about that era. Already the first puzzling photos are helping to prove models of the early solar system.
New Horizons' first target, Pluto, serves as a gatekeeper to the Kuiper Belt, the band of icy rocks that encircles the solar system. MU69 lies within the most densely populated region of the belt, among other cold classical objects that have not been disturbed since their birth billions of years ago. [New Horizons' Flyby of Ultima Thule: Full Coverage]
"We picked a cold classical object for a very specific region, because that's where the evidence was heading," Alan Stern, the New Horizons principal investigator and a planetary scientist at the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) in Colorado, told Space.com. Stern said that a mission like New Horizons was the most direct way to get information about the dawn of the solar system.
New Horizons delivered. The newest images released yesterday ( Jan. 2) reveal a snowman-shaped object with two lobes, one roughly three times the size of the other. During a news conference, mission scientists said that the only way for such an object to form was by coming together at very slow speeds — less than 1 mile or kilometer an hour.
"If you collided with another car at those speeds, you may not even bother to fill out the insurance forms," Jeff Moore, New Horizons co-investigator from NASA's Ames Research Center in California, told the crowd.
These slow formation speeds help to validate a recently proposed model of solar system formation known as pebble accretion. Under that model, the gas and dust left over from the formation of the sun slowly comes together as tiny objects, pulled by gravity.
"It's incredibly satisfying to see that confirmed by the data," Stern told Space.com.
"Big physics"
Artist’s impression of the New Horizons spacecraft encountering Ultima Thule.Photograph: AFP/Getty Images
This first color photo of the Kuiper Belt object Ultima Thule reveals the object's red color as seen by NASA's New Horizons spacecraft from a distance of 85,000 miles (137,000 kilometers) during a Jan. 1, 2019 flyby. From left to right: an enhanced color image, a higher-resolution black and white image, and an overlay that combines both into a more detailed view.
Credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute
Trying to understand how planets form is a challenge. We can't rewind the process in our own solar system, so scientists peer at the asteroids and Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs) that were left behind after the planets formed. Objects like these probably started out as bits of gas and dust that were pulled together by gravity, in tiny clumps referred to as pebbles. Unlike the pebbles in your driveway, however, the pebbles of the solar system can be as large as giant boulders; the idea is that they are smaller than the planetary embryos known as planetesimals.
Peering into other planetary systems can help scientists understand this period in solar system history some, but not a lot. The cloud of gas and dust that births new worlds also hides them, concealing them in a shroud of material.
So researchers mostly rely on models, computer programs that work to simulate the process of planet formation. By looking at the results of planetary systems, researchers can get an idea of the limits behind their formation.
In 2012, a pair of researchers from Sweden proposed the pebble accretion model, in contrast to contemporary theories suggesting gas and dust gathered together to create kilometer-size objects. The model was imperfect, and in 2015, theorist Harold Levison of SwRI suggested some refinements. The theory described how as the objects grew from centimeter-size pebbles, their gravitational fields would push and pull at one another. The nudges would have knocked some embryos out of the gas and dust, separating them from the material they needed to grow larger, while those that remained in the disk gorged on pebbles to grow into planets.
The most recent images of MU69, which the team has nicknamed Ultima Thule, seem to prove the pebble accretion theory, Levison said. The two small objects on the KBO bumped at slow speeds that suggest a relatively calm period of accretion, when pieces of material are piling onto one another, rather than a fast and dangerous birth. Levison, who is not a member of the New Horizons team, is the principal investigator for an upcoming mission to one of the asteroids around Jupiter.
"The big news is the accretion story," Cathy Olkin, New Horizons' deputy project scientist at SwRI, told Space.com. That picture of how solar system objects formed is supported by the fact that the object's two distinct lobes are joined by a narrow neck rather than a thick, unwieldy one.
The surface features of Kuiper Belt object Ultima Thule (2014 MU69) are coming into focus in these images taken by NASA's New Horizons spacecraft during its historic flyby on Jan. 1, 2019. These images, released Jan. 2, were taken a day earlier from a distance of 18,000 miles (28,000 kilometers) with a scale of 730 feet (140 meters) per pixels. Credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute
Pebble accretion might also help explain why MU69 has no apparent satellites, despite the fact that the team anticipated finding large rocks or moons in orbit in the years and months leading up to the flyby.
"It's really astounding that we don't see anything in orbit," Stern said.
According to Levison, if MU69's bilobed shape was formed by pebble accretion, the process would have ejected smaller leftovers that didn't accrete onto the KBO fairly quickly, leaving no satellites for New Horizons to spot.
Of course, it's still possible that newer, better resolved images that will be sent to Earth in the coming days may reveal such satellites.
The preliminary findings, however, seem to make MU69 a smoking gun for pebble accretion, providing an observational match to what was last week only a theory. That find alone has important scientific implications, and the rest of the information New Horizons will unveil over the next two years will surely shed even more light on the process.
"This is big physics, [as if it were] a particle detector and we just now found the Standard Model," Stern said with a large grin, referring to the theory of fundamental particles and how they interact.
"I think we should be nominated as a mission for a Nobel Prize," he said.
HELSINKI, Finland — China's Chang'e-4 spacecraft madethe first ever soft-landing on the far side of the moonWednesday (Jan. 2) in a mission investigating the history of the solar system and paving the way for future exploration.
The 1,200-kilogram dry massChang'e-4 lander touched downat 177.6 degrees east longitude and 45.5 degrees south within Von Kármán crater at 9:26 p.m. Eastern, according to an announcement from the China National Space Administration (CNSA).
The spacecraft began its descent at 9:15 p.m. from a perilune of 15 kilometers with a burn of its single main variable thruster before entering approach, hazard avoidance and slow descent phases, with a descent camera returning images of the approaching surface. [China's Chang'e 4 Moon Far Side Mission in Pictures]
The lander and the companion 140-kilogram rover, which is expected to be deployed within the coming hours, will work toward science goals including analyzing the lunar surface and subsurface composition, assessing the radiation environment and its interaction with the regolith and low frequency radio astronomy, as well as returning high-resolution images from terrain and panoramic cameras.
The first image of the moon's far side taken by China's Chang'e 4 probe, which touched down on Jan. 2, 2019 (Jan. 3 Beijing time).
Credit: CNSA
The 186-kilometer-diameter Von Kármán crater containing the landing site is situated within the 2,500-kilometer-wide South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin, which is one of the oldest and largest impact craters in the solar system.
The basin could contain exposed material from the moon's upper mantle and promises clues to the history and development of the solar system. A sample return from the SPA basin has been noted as a priority in past U.S. Planetary Science Decadal Surveys.
The mission launched Dec. 8 and had been in lunar orbit since Dec. 12, where it tested communications and refined its orbit in preparation for a landing timed to follow sunrise over the target site, allowing the mainly solar-powered craft to begin operations immediately.
A view of the surface of Von Kármán crater from the Chang'e-4 lander descent camera.
Credit: CNSA/CLEP
Chang'e-4 is the repurposed backup spacecraft to the Chang'e-3 mission, which landed on Mare Imbrium on the near side in December 2013, making China only the third country to soft-land on the moon.
While the Chang'e-3 rover, on which the Chang'e-4 is based, traveled just 114 meters before being rendered immobile on Mare Imbrium in early 2014, officials with the China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), the spacecraft's manufacturer, have stated that the issue has been identified and addressed and that the new rover has been upgraded for greater reliability and longevity.
The landing comes ahead a wave of renewed interest in lunar exploration, with NASA, ESA, Russia, India and private companies working on a range of missions.
The China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC) also announced Wednesday that it plans to launch the Chang'e-5 near side sample return mission with the second of two planned Long March 5 heavy-lift rocket launches in 2019.
Far side communications and landing challenges
A render of the Chang'e-4 rover on the lunar surface, released Aug. 15, 2018.
Credit: CASC
Targeting the far side of the moon, which due to tidal locking never faces the earth, required the prior launch of a relay satellite to the second Earth-moon Lagrange point some 65,000-85,000 kilometers beyond the moon to facilitate communications.
Named Queqiao ('Magpie bridge' from Chinese mythology), the satellite has been in a halo orbit around this gravitationally stable libration point since June, from which has constant line-of-sight with both the terrestrial tracking stations—situated in China, Namibia and Argentina—and the lunar far side.
Apollo 17 Crew member and geologist Harrison Schmitt had recommended the final mission of NASA crewed landing program target the Tsiolkovskiy crater on the far side using a relay satellite, but the suggestion was rejected on grounds of risk and cost.
The more rugged and variable lunar far side topography and near absence of dark, basaltic plains or maria, demanded upgrades to the Chang'e-4 guidance, navigation and control systems, a much smaller landing footprint and more vertical and accurate powered descent than the predecessor mission.
The landing will also assist in the execution of the country's future lunar exploration plans, including sample returns and polar landings in preparation for a potential human outpost.
Ian Crawford, professor of planetary science and astrobiology at Birkbeck, University of London, told SpaceNews ahead of the event that a safe landing would be a "fantastic achievement."
"This will give valuable information on the composition of the far side crust and, conceivably, the upper mantle…The radio astronomy experiments are also of great interest, which may lay a foundation for the development of lunar far side radio astronomy," Crawford said.
Chang'e-4 science goals
Robert F. Wimmer-Schweingruber of the University of Kiel, Germany, which led the development of the Lunar Lander Neutrons and Dosimetry (LND) experiment, told SpaceNews that LND can, "help us understand the radiation which lunar soils and rocks are exposed to and to detect sub-surface water."
China's Chang'e series of lunar probes are part of a series leading up to ultimately returning samples of moon rock to the Earth.
"Its main purpose, however, is to prepare for human exploration of the moon by measuring the radiation to which astronauts will be exposed," says Wimmer-Schweingruber, and specifically the neutron dose rate on the surface of the moon.
LND is one of four international payloads involved in the Chang'e-4 mission, along with the Advanced Small Analyzer for Neutrals (ASAN) from Sweden aboard the rover, the Netherlands-China Low-Frequency Explorer (NCLE) on Queqiao and a small camera on the Longjiang-2 microsatellite.
James Head, a planetary scientist at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, told SpaceNews in December that the Lunar Penetrating Radar (LPR), an instrument also aboard the Chang'e-3 rover, will provide images of the structure of the lunar soil layers and any subsurface lava flow units.
The Visible and Near-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (VNIS), likewise installed on the mobile rover, will allow analysis of the mineralogy of the floor of Von Kármán crater and ejecta delivered by later, nearby impacts, according to Head.
The Low Frequency Spectrometer (LFS) payload on the Chang'e-4 lander will make astronomical observations in low frequency bands in a unique radio-quiet environment free of interference from the earth.
Another payload included in the mission through an outreach initiative is a small biosphere containing Arabidopsis and potato seeds along with silkworm cocoons, designed and developed in collaboration with 28 Chinese universities.
The experiment will be a pioneering test of photosynthesis and respiration in the one-sixth Earth gravity lunar environment, with a possible live steam to the 3-kilogram, 0.8-liter capacity cannister.
Anna-Lisa Paul, space biologist and research at University of Florida-Gainesville, told SpaceNews that the experiment will be unique, despite awealth of experiments that have grown plants and invertebrates in habitats on the Space Shuttle, the International Space Station, MIR, Skylab and others.
"We already know that plants, including Arabidopsis and potato, and silkworms do just fine in the microgravity of the spaceflight environments, so a climate-controlled biosphere on the surface of the moon will probably be reasonably benign, yet it is huge from the perspective that it has not been done."
This story was provided by SpaceNews, dedicated to covering all aspects of the space industry.
An artist's depiction of NASA's DART mission to nudge an asteroid off course.
Credit: NASA/JHUAPL
Humans are preparing to punch the solar system — but in self-defense, not anger.
It's all part of a NASA mission in development called the Double Asteroid Redirection Test, orDART. Unlike most spacecraft the agency has launched to date, DART isn't about gathering scientific data and learning more about how the universe works. Instead, it's NASA's firstplanetary-defense mission.
"That's one of the big differences, is a lot of the science-driven missions seem to be focused on understanding the past of the solar system, the early solar system, how it all formed," Nancy Chabot, a planetary scientist at Johns Hopkins University's Applied Physics Laboratory and project scientist for DART, told Space.com earlier this month at the annual meeting of the American Geophysical Union. "Planetary defense is really about the present solar system and what are we going to do in the present." [The Greatest Asteroid Encounters of All Time!]
Specifically, planetary defense is about largish asteroids that could theoretically collide with Earth, and what humans could do to protect ourselves. Slam into an asteroid hard enough while it's sufficiently far away from Earth, and you can bump it off course.
But if you've never slammed into an asteroid before, it's difficult to know precisely the best way to do it. And that's where DART comes in. Its target isn't a threat to Earth, but by studying it carefully and then colliding with it, Chabot and the rest of the DART team will create the data humans will need if they ever want to redirect a truly threatening asteroid.
It's a very different type of mission from the other asteroid visits that have drawn headlines this year, such as those of NASA's OSIRIS-REx and Japan's Hayabusa2, which each made strides toward tapping near-Earth asteroids to collect samples to bring home. Scientists hope those samples will help them understand the solar system's earliest days.
This NASA graphic shows how the Double Asteroid Rendezvous Test (DART) will crash into a moonlet of the asteroid Didymos in 2022.
Credit: NASA
DART's target Didymos was chosen based on very different criteria. It's a binary asteroid, which means DART can slam into the smaller object of the pair. But scientists can gather robust data about the bodies and their locations from Earth, which will help them track where to target the car-size spacecraft as well as how much the collision knocked the object off course.
"It's interesting, because it's a space mission, but the telescopes are such a huge, important part of the mission succeeding," Chabot said. "We have to know where this moon is in order to impact it, to make this maximum deflection. We kind of take for granted that we know where everything is at all times. We understand where the system is as a whole, but specifically where that moon's gonna be [requires tracking] because we want to try to hit it head-on."
These 14 radar images show the near-Earth asteroid Didymos (65803) and its moonlet as seen by the Arecibo Observatory radio telescope in Puerto Rico in November 2003.
Credit: NASA
Then, there's the impact itself, with the spacecraft slamming itself into the space rock at a speed of nearly 13,500 mph (6 kilometers per second). If the mission launches as currently planned in June 2021, that collision will come in October 2022.
And while ground telescopes will track how the tango of Didymos' two parts changes after the impact, scientists may be able to rely on two eyewitnesses as well. [7 Great Movies Featuring Earth-Threatening Asteroids]
The first is a cubesat, called Light Italian Cubesat for Imaging of Asteroids, which the Italian space agency has proposed to send with DART. The second is a European Space Agency mission called Hera, which it is considering launching in time for it to arrive at Didymos in 2026. That spacecraft would be able to study the binary asteroid in more detail and measure the crater DART creates.
A simulation of what asteroid Didymos and its moonlet Didymoon may look like.
Credit: NASA
Chabot said that so far, people seem excited and on board with the idea of hurling a spacecraft into an asteroid, just in case we ever need to do it for real. But she also said that we can learn only so much from the experiment, and that if an asteroid really does loom, we'll need a heads-up — so continuing to observe and identify asteroids is crucial.
"To do something like this, we'd also need a really long warning time; the idea of a kinetic impactor is definitely not like [the movie] 'Armageddon,' where you go up at the last hour and you know, save the Earth," Chabot said. "This is something that you would do five, 10, 15, 20 years in advance — gently nudge the asteroid so it just sails merrily on its way and doesn't impact the Earth."
It is an incredible glimpse of a trip on the red planet.
A Finnish filmmaker has revealed a stunning three minute video painstakingly made fromNASA images from the red planet.
Jan Fröjdman transformed images from HiRISE, a camera aboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, into a video using over 33,000 reference points - and did it without the aid of AI software.
Scroll down for video
The stunning video reveals the incredible landscapes on Mars. This oval mesa is a remnant of a geological unit that once covered this area, similar to the mesas and buttes in Monument Valley, in Arizona and Utah. This is a small remnant of a much larger unit of similar material that caps Ganges Mensa to the west. As can be seen in the sides of this small mesa, this remnant consists of a layered stack of rock. Prior to the massive erosion that left this a high-standing mesa, a more gentle phase of erosion created the small hills and whorls on the upper surface of the mesa.
'There is a feeling that you are flying above Mars looking down watching interesting locations on the planet,' he explained.
'There are really great places on Mars!
'I would love to see images taken by a landscape photographer on Mars, especially from the polar regions.
'But I'm afraid I won't see that kind of images during my lifetime.
The powerful HiRISE camera has snapped 50,000 spectacular, high-resolution stereo images of the Martian terrain from the planet's orbit, creating anaglyphs that anyone can view in 3D using special glasses.
However, Fröjdman decided to improve them by turning them into video.
Instead of using automated softweare, he decided to make the video painstakingly by hand.
'It has really been time-consuming making these panning clips,' he admitted.
'In my 3D-process I have manually hand-picked reference points on the anaglyph image pairs.
'For this film I have chosen more than 33.000 reference points!
'It took me 3 months of calendar time working with the project every now and then.'
Mars has extremely large temperature changes from winter to summer compared to the Earth. It gets cold enough to freeze carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere during the winter, but this ice is unstable when the warmer summer arrives and forces it to sublimate (transform directly back into a gas) away. Near the South pole though, it stays cold enough for some of this seasonal ice to stick around all year and even accumulate from year to year. This image shows a portion of this permanent carbon dioxide ice cap. This slab of ice is a few meters (about 10 feet) thick and is penetrated by the flat-floored pits shown here. The quasi-circular pits in the center of the scene are about 60 meters (200 feet) across. The distinct color of the pit walls may be due to dust mixed into the ice. For most of the year these walls are covered with bright frost, but they defrost and show their true colors at the end of the summer.
The colors in this film are false because the anaglyph images are based on grayscale images.
'I have therefore color graded the clips,' he admits.
'But I have tried to be moderate doing this.
'The light regions in the clips are yellowish and the dark regions bluish.
The clips from the polar regions (the last clips in the film) have a white-blue tone.'
To create the panning 3-D effect, he stitched the images together along his reference points and rendered them as frames in a video.
Finnish filmmaker Jan Fröjdman transformed images imagery into a dynamic, three-dimensional, overhead view of the Red Planet
'There might be software that does this work, but I haven't found it,' Fröjdman told Wired.
The surface of the red planet may be a desolate land with little geological activity now, but it is filled with fascinating bumps and scratches from frozen poles to deep basins, all hinting at a geologically active past.
This complicated area contains various types of channels, pits and fractures. We can determine the relative ages of the pits and channels based on which features cross-cut others. Older channels appear smooth-edged and shallow. Younger channels and pits are deeper and more sharp-edged, as well as less sinuous than the shallower channels.
Changing landscapes: This images show a 'Transition Boundary' between the Isidis Basin and Libya Montes regoing on the Martian surface
Earlier this months a team at Nasa has released more than 600 images of Mars, showing a range of gullies, dunes, craters, geological layering and other features.
Each feature teaches us something new about the history of our mysterious neighbour, which used to be covered with oceans, ice sheets and erupting volcanoes.
The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has been circling the red planet, capturing pictures using its High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera, since 2006. Now the team behind the orbiter has published hundreds of new images. Hyblaeus Dorsa, one of the ridges on the planet, is shown
The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has been circling the red planet, capturing pictures using its High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera, since 2006.
The team behind the orbiter, led by Nasa's Jet Propulsion Lab in Passadena and the University of Arizona, has now published hundreds of new images taken by the instrument.
Among the images are hundreds showing one of its most fascinating features: craters.
There are hundreds of thousands of impact craters on Mars, caused by encounters with other objects such as asteroids, but only some of them have names.
Other craters were formed in different ways, through volcanic activity, for example.
Some of these craters have provided clues to the most fascinating history of the Martian surface.
Other craters were formed in different ways, through volcanic activity, for example. Some of these craters have provided clues to the most fascinating history of the Martian surface. Concave fagged features in the Tempe Fossae region, a group of troughs in the Arcadia quadrangle of Mars, shown
Among the images are hundreds showing one of its most fascinating features: craters. This picture shows a crater in the Chryse Planitia region, a relatively smooth, circular plain. Some think the plain is an ancient impact basin, in the north equatorial region of Mars
The surface of Mars is a well worn place in the solar system, heavily pounded by countless meteor impacts. And some of these craters are hundreds of millions of years old. So it's unusual for there to be a completely fresh impact on the surface. A recent impact site is pictured
Mesa-Forming layered materials pictured. A mesa is an elevated area of land with a flat top and sides that are usually steep cliffs
Mars is now a frozen desert, but geological studies of rocks by previous missions to the surface have suggested the planet used to be warmer and wetter.
The polar caps on the planet spend much of their time, during the pole's winter, in continuous darkness.
When the poles are again exposed to sunlight, the frozen carbon dioxide sublimes into gas, creating enormous winds that sweep off the poles as fast as 250 mph (400 km/h).
The caps at both poles are mainly made of water ice.
Frozen carbon dioxide accumulates as a thin layer about one metre thick on the north cap in the northern winter only, while the south cap has a permanent dry ice cover about 26 feet (8 metres) thick.
Both polar caps have spiral-shaped troughs (pictured), which analysis of ice penetrating radar has shown are a result of spiralling winds.
The polar caps on the planet spend much of their time, during the pole's winter, in continuous darkness. When the poles are again exposed to sunlight, the frozen carbon dioxide sublimes into gas, creating enormous winds that sweep off the poles as fast as 250 mph (400 km/h). The south polar residual cap is pictured
Cerberus Fossae (pictured) is a long fracture system in the southeastern part of Elysium. The system has acted as a conduit for the release of both lava and water onto the surface of the planet. Mars is now a frozen desert, but geological studies of rocks by previous missions to the surface have suggested the planet used to be warmer and wetter
The total volume of ice in the south polar cap, including nearby layered deposits, is around 380,000 cubic miles (1.6 million cubic km). Both the north and south polar caps have spiral-shaped troughs (south pictured), which analysis of ice penetrating radar has shown are a result of spiralling winds
At one point, Mars was covered with oceans, ice sheets and erupting volcanoes that created the mountains that tower over the planet.
Some of these remain, like Olympus Mons - the largest-known volcano in the solar system, measuring 15 miles (24 km) high.
Olympus Mons, the solar system's biggest volcano, three times higher than Mount Everest, is thought to have had its last major eruption as recently as 25 million years ago.
At one point, Mars was covered with oceans, ice sheets and erupting volcanoes that created the mountains that tower over the planet. Some of these remain, like Olympus Mons - the largest-known volcano in the solar system, measuring 15 miles (24 km) high. Olympus Mons (pictured) is the solar system's biggest volcano, three times higher than Mount Everest
Groundwater moving beneath a massive tectonic rift zone helped carve some of Mars' deepest basins. A study published earlier this year claimed these basins may have been habitable, suggesting that life once existed on the red planet. A valley in the Northern Hellas Planitia, pictured
Billions of years ago Mars might have been home to even larger volcanoes.
Evidence collected by Nasa's Curiosity rover earlier this year showed these ancient volcanoes might have been a lot more powerful than we had thought.
Curiosity's instruments found a substance called tridymite - a kind of crystal that only forms on Earth as a result of extremely hot, silcic volcanoes.
The tridymite was found in the Gale crater, a crater that spans 96 miles (154km) in diameter and holds a mountain rising from the crater floor.
Silicic volcanism is a highly explosive form of volcanic activity, which happens as tectonics plates move from the Earth's outer shell into the Earth's mantle and force water into the molten depths.
The plates melt into magma, which is ejected out into the surface in a powerful eruption.
There has been no evidence found for plate tectonics on Mars so far, so how the silcic volcanism occurred is a mystery.
Coprates Chasma, is a major trough in the Valles Marineris canyon system, pictured. Evidence collected by Nasa's Curiosity rover earlier this year showed these ancient volcanoes might have been a lot more powerful than we had thought
Isidis Planitia, pictured, is a plain inside a giant impact basin on Mars. Groundwater moving beneath a massive tectonic rift zone helped carve some of Mars' deepest basins. A study published earlier this year claimed these basins may have been habitable, suggesting that life once existed on the red planet
Groundwater moving beneath a massive tectonic rift zone helped carve some of Mars' deepest basins.
A study published earlier this year claimed these basins may have been habitable, suggesting that life once existed on the red planet.
The discovery could help future exploration missions decide where to look for evidence of Martian life.
'The temperature ranges, presence of liquid water, and nutrient availability, which characterize known habitable environments on Earth, have higher chances of forming on Mars in areas of long-lived water and volcanic processes,' said lead author Alexis Palmero Rodriguez.
Sand dunes are among the most widespread features on Mars, serving as unique indicators of the interaction between the atmosphere and surface.
On a planetary body, dunes accumulate where a supply of sand-sized grains exists or may be abraded, is carried downwind by winds, and is subsequently deposited where these winds weaken below the threshold for sand transport.
Dunes can be preserved in rock over time. This means the deposits can reveal insights into the evolution of Mars' atmosphere from a more hospitable realm to the harsh, dry climate there today.
As a result, the study of dune processes contributes to both atmospheric and sedimentary science.
It might look more like bacteria growin in a petri dish, but this picture actually shows frosty dunes on Mars' surface. Sand dunes (pictured) are among the most widespread features on Mars. Dunes form where a supply of sand-sized grains exists or may be abraded then carried downwind by winds
The surface of Mars is also covered with narrow, deep channels known as gullies.
Martian gullies carved into hill slopes and the walls of impact craters were discovered several years ago.
Exactly how these gullies formed is not fully understood - previous research had suggested the structures were a result of flowing liquid water, because water makes similar structures on Earth.
Polar ice caps were discovered on the planet four decades ago, and erosion patterns on the surface strongly suggest rivers and oceans may have existed there in its early years.
With low gravity and a thin atmosphere, it was thought that this water largely evaporated out into space, instead of falling back down, as it would have done on Earth.
But new research shows water is not behind the Martian gullies, instead suggesting they could be created by carbon dioxide freezing and thawing.
INDIAN SPACE PROBE SNAPS NEW IMAGES OF THE RED PLANET
India's space agency has released a new series of beautiful images, beamed back from its Mars orbiter, revealing our closest planetary neighbour in all its glory
The spotlight surrounding research on Mars is often on the US, European and Russian space agencies.
But while it may be overlooked, the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) remains one of only three national space programmes to have reached the red planet to date.
To celebrate its achievements, the space agency has released a new series of beautiful images using data beamed back from its Mars orbiter, revealing our closest planetary neighbour in all its glory.
India's Mars Orbiter Mission, called 'Mangalyaan', reached the red planet in September 2014.
Since then it has been taking measurements, collecting data and capturing images from orbit.
Last month, ISRO released its first full year's data from the orbiter – covering the period up to September 2015 – with its incredible images beamed back in a stream of pixels.
A spacecraft designed to search the atmosphere of Mars for clues of life on the surface of the red planet successfully blasted off in March this year.
The ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan aboard a heavy lift Proton rocket on 14 March to begin a seven-month, 300 million-mile (483 million km) journey to the red planet.
It is due to analyse Mars' atmosphere to search for low levels of gases such as methane that may betray the presence of alien life on the planet's surface.
ExoMars 2016 is the first phase of an historic €1.2 billion (£924 million) joint European-Russian mission to search for biochemical 'fingerprints' of past or present life high above Mars and on its surface.
Scientists believe the probe has the potential to find 'very strong evidence' of alien life when it arrives at Mars on 19 October.
Scientists hope to land the ExoMars rover in Oxia Palus, a plain located on the north east of Mars.
However, any new data won't be shared until the end of next year at the earliest, because the probe has to spend a year decelerating so it can graze the atmosphere at a slow enough speed.
In 2018, a robotic probe built by Lockheed Martin for Nasa, the Mars InSight mission, will set off for red planet.
It forms part of wider efforts to glean information about the planet's rich geological past.
Life on Earth as well as extraterrestrial life has always been a matter of curiosity. Various space missions have been carried out so far to study and investigate the secrets of the universe. With the development of science and technology, study of outer space has now reached a different level. Of all these missions, lets get to know the ones where huge amounts of money was used to obtain the desired outcome of the space mission.
Here are the most expensive space projects in history.
10. Mars Curiosity Worth $ 2.5 Billion.
Artist illustration of Curiosity rover (Image:NASA)
Curiosity Mars rover arrived on Mars on August 6, 2012. It is a very popular space mission that was initially estimated to cost around $ 650 million, but turned out be a lot more than its double.
9. Cassini-Huygens Worth $ 3.26 Billion.
The Cassini Space Probe was one of the most successful interplanetary mission of NASA-ESA (Image:NASA)
This space mission was exclusively created to explore the mighty ringed planet Saturn and its rings by NASA, the European space agency and the Italian space agency. It was launched on October 15, 1997. During 2005, it entered the atmosphere of Saturn.
8. Mir Orbital Station worth $ 4.2 Billion.
The Mir Orbital Station
“Mir” is a manned space mission by Russia that operated in the near Earth space from February 20, 1986. It spent 5511 days in the Earth’s orbit, of which 4594 days were inhabited , making 86,331 turns around the planet. The station was visited by 104 astronauts from 12 countries and more than 23,000 experiments were conducted on it.
7. GLONASS worth $ 4.7 Billion
The Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) is a Russian satellite system. It is one of the two global satellite navigation systems. The system is based on 24 satellites moving above the Earth’s surface.
6. Galileo Satellite Navigation System Worth $ 6.3 Billion
Galileo system is designed to solve geodetic and navigation problems. It is joint project of the satellite navigation system of the European Union and the European space agency.
5. James Webb Space Telescope Worth $ 8.8 Billion
The James Webb Space Telescope will be the successor of Hubble Telescope
This is an orbital observatory that is supposed to replace the Hubble Space Telescope. Current plans suggest that the telescope will be launched by the International cooperation of 17 countries led by NASA, using the Ariane-5 rocket in the spring of 2020. The telescope will operate for atleast 5 years.
4. GPS Worth $ 12 Billion
GPS Satellite
GPS is a satellite navigation system that is responsible for determining location. It provides distance, time and position determination in the world wide WGS 84 coordinate system. The system is currently available for civilian use with the help of a navigator or a device such as a smart phone with a GPS receiver. It provides location almost everywhere in the world except for the circumpolar regions.
3. The Apollo Program Worth $ 25.4 Billion
Image: NASA
The Apollo program was a NASA space agency manned space flight program. It was adopted in 1961 with the agenda of carrying out the first human landing on the Moon.
2. ISS Worth $ 160 Billion
The ISS (Image:NASA)
The International Space Station is a manned orbital station which is used a multipurpose space research system. It is joint international project involving 14 countries.
1. The Space Shuttle Program worth $ 209 Billion
Image: NASA
The Space Shuttle Program was developed since 1971. Its development is carried out by NASA and the Air Force. Five shuttles were built, two of them were killed in disaster and one prototype.
LE CÔTÉ CACHÉ ET DÉMONIAQUE DU THÈME OVNI ET EXTRATERRESTRE
LE CÔTÉ CACHÉ ET DÉMONIAQUE DU THÈME OVNI ET EXTRATERRESTRE
Les observations d'OVNI et les rencontres avec des extraterrestres ont été décrits comme surnaturels et terrifiants. Cela pourrait les faire ressembler à des démons ou à des entités négatives.Dans le Code caché, nous avons déjà écrit sur l'hypothèse du phénomène OVNI en tant que manifestation de démons extradimensionnels. Plusieurs ufologues soutiennent cette théorie, puisqu’une partie de ces événements présente une caractéristique sombre et redoutable pour ceux qui les ont vécus (en plus des affrontements avec des extraterrestres et des enlèvements).
Des chercheurs chrétiens modernes ont exposé le phénomène OVNI dans le cadre d'une sorte de façade du diable et des démons, afin de tromper et de confondre l'humanité. Cette vision pourrait être considérée comme très dogmatique, très endoctrinée par le christianisme, mais il y a des cas d'observations d'OVNI et d'enlèvements qui ont des caractéristiques surnaturelles.
L'écrivain Timothy Green Beckley se souvient du témoignage de William C. Lamb, qui a partagé une expérience terrifiante avec un OVNI dans une forêt enneigée. Lamb décrit l’apparence d’un objet volant géant en forme de sphère, à partir de laquelle naît une "créature géante avec des ailes" qui semblait "démoniaque dans ses traits du visage et sa forme physique". La créature a émis une chaleur puissante qui a fondu la neige et même le grillage métallique d'une clôture. Au moment du plus grand danger, lorsque la créature s'est approchée de Lamb, il a utilisé le nom de Jésus-Christ pour s'éloigner de lui.
Ce témoignage pourrait être considéré comme le fantasme d'un chrétien, mais la description est très claire et, semble-t-il, a fait l'objet d'une enquête par l'US Air Force. UU., Depuis Beckley dit que cela est documenté dans les archives du projet Blue Book.
Beckley révèle également que l'armée américaine. UU a toujours pris en compte la nature ésotérique des observations d'OVNIS, qui pourraient faire partie de manifestations d'entités spirituelles et non de voyageurs interstellaires. Gouvernement américain US considère le phénomène ovni comme le travail de démons extradimensionnels ?
Le chercheur britannique Nick Redfern est l'auteur du livre Final Events (titre complet en anglais : Final Events et le groupe gouvernemental secret sur les ovnis et la vie après la mort). Dans ce livre, il parle d'un groupe d'experts secrets du gouvernement américain. US cela considère le phénomène OVNI comme le travail de démons extradimensionnels et non extraterrestres. Il a également été rapporté que des organisations gouvernementales telles que le Pentagone ont décrit l'observation d'ovnis avec une nature démoniaque. Ce groupe gouvernemental chercherait également à "exploiter" les capacités mentales de ces "entités non humaines".
En fait, il y a un film intéressant, appelé The Atticus Institute (2015), où l'armée américaine. UU il essaie de "dominer" ou de "contenir" une femme qui souffre d'une possession démoniaque. Ils essaient également d'exploiter ou "d'exploiter" leurs capacités mentales et paranormales :
Selon Redfern, cette section du gouvernement américain considère ces entités comme "extrêmement trompeuses" et dangereuses, les appelant littéralement "des démons de l'enfer". Sa description physique serait celle des mêmes espèces extraterrestres des Gris, mais sa nature éthérée ou extradimensionnelle rappelle davantage la théorie des Reptiliens, qui serait traitée dans un univers parallèle (la quatrième dimension).
À partir de cette mention de l'enfer, on pourrait faire un parallèle entre l'enfer mythologique et les histoires de bases extraterrestres souterraines. Le tourment spirituel dans l'enfer souterrain pourrait être comparé aux histoires traumatiques d'enlèvements et d'expériences humaines effectuées dans des bases secrètes souterraines.
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10 Unsettling Astronomical Incidents and Phenomena (Video)
10 Unsettling Astronomical Incidents and Phenomena (Video)
An exploration of ten of the most unsettling astrophysical events including Dyson Sphere candidates, a star containing plutonium, the Wow! Signal and others.
Author and futurist John Michael Godier explores the universe in weekly documentary videos released randomly.
These videos center on science, future technology and the mysteries of the universe. Additionally, John releases irregular videos covering breaking news on important developments in space science and technology as they happen.
De bewoners van de Nieuw-Zeelandse kuststad Tauranga keken gisterenavond vol bewondering naar de lucht. Een vuurbal kleurde daar even de lucht. Ravi Jagtiani, die zichzelf een “vuurbal-jager” noemt, zegt dat het wel eens een verouderde Russische satelliet zou kunnen zijn. “Ik denk dat het gaat om de satelliet Kosmos 2430”, zegt hij. Rekening houdend met de timing van de veroudering en het pad van de satelliet waren volgens de man voorspellingen gedaan dat Kosmos 2430 dit weekend terug door de atmoseer van de Aarde zou razen. Bill Thomas van de Auckland Astronomical Society zegt dat het een satelliet kan zijn, maar gaat toch eerder uit van een meteoriet.
In Indonesië zijn zeker 222 mensen omgekomen en 843 anderen gewond geraakt doordat eilanden in de Straat van Sunda en kustgebieden van West-Java en Zuid-Sumatra door een tsunami zijn getroffen.
Uitgaand publiek en mensen op de stranden werden volkomen verrast toen even voor 21.30 uur lokale tijd een muur van water op hen afkwam en alles wat hij tegenkwam zo'n 15 tot 20 meter meesleurde of vernielde. Wie kon wegkomen, vluchtte naar hoger gelegen gebied.
Een woordvoerder van rampenbestrijdingsdienst BNPB vermoedt dat de tsunami is veroorzaakt door ondergrondse aardverschuivingen na een uitbarsting zaterdag van de vulkaan Anak Krakatau, in de Straat van Sunda.
Zoals we regelmatig schrijven lijkt het er veel op dat we ons in wat men noemt de eindtijd bevinden. Steeds vaker komen profetieën vanuit verschillende religieuze overtuigingen uit, zoals we onlangs zagen met het groen worden van Saoedi Arabië.
Toevalligerwijze kwamen we de volgende zin tegen op een website die zich vanuit een bijbels perspectief met de eindtijd en de daarbij behorende teken bezighoudt:
Een reusachtige vulkaan stort in de zee met als gevolg dat 1/3 deel van de zee in bloed verandert.
We hebben nu een reusachtige vulkaan die in ieder geval voor een groot deel in de zee verdwijnt, maar geen zee die in bloed verandert.
Het eerste bloedgekleurde water deed zich voor in de Oost Afrikaanse republiek Malawi, waar verbaasde inwoners ’s morgens een bloedrood riviertje zagen stromen. Het betreft hier de Linthipe rivier in Dedza.
Niemand weet met enige zekerheid waar de rode kleur vandaan komt, alhoewel geologen heel snel zijn met te zeggen dat komt door een lokale mijn. En er zijn er ook die zeggen dat het algen zijn.
De tweede rood gekleurde rivier deed zich voor in Indonesië, in de provincie Papua. Ook hier was men sprakeloos en werd er geen verklaring voor gevonden.
Ook het derde geval deed zich voor in Indonesië, waar enkele weken geleden de Logawa Banyumas rivier op Java eveneens bloedrood kleurde. Ook hier geen enkele concrete aanwijzing over wat dit zou kunnen veroorzaken.
Einde-tijds-verschijnselen of een toevallige samenloop van omstandigheden?
Modern people have recently become reacquainted with the practice of flaying, at least conceptually. That’s due, in no small part, to A Song of Ice and Fire and its television adaptation “Game of Thrones” being the hottest pop-culture phenomenon this side of Tatooine for almost a decade. What all that blood and boiled leather does to a society’s collective psyche is anyone’s guess, but its probably nothing we can’t handle. People have done horrible things to each other for a very long time, and long before Roose Bolton and his flayed man sigil were but a twinkle in George R.R. Martin’s eye, there was a Mesoamerican god called Xipe Totec—”Our Lord the Flayed.” Mexican archaeologists have recently made the first discovery of a temple to Xipe Totec, and reader beware, it ain’t for the faint of heart.
Xipe Totec was a fertility and agriculture god who symbolized the cycle of death and rebirth. He also invented war. The Flayed Lord was depicted as having flayed his own skin as a sacrifice to feed his people, as well as wearing the skins of human sacrifices. Despite the incredibly grim imagery, Xipe Totec wasn’t a villain as far as gods go. Worship of Xipe Totec predates the Aztec civilization, but, like many other gods and religious practices, he was assimilated after Aztec conquest. The recently discovered temple, which archaeologists believe to be the first temple to Xipe Totec ever found, was built by the Popoloca Indians in the central Mexican state of Puebla between A.D. 1000 and 1260.
Statue of Xipe Totec, the Flayed Lord
Inside the temple archaeologists found art depicting the Flayed Lord as well as a few relics of ceremonial practices. These relics include two enormous clay heads with the most terrifying grinning faces ever dug out of the ground and a statue of Xipe Totec depicting him wearing the skin of a human sacrifice. Religious ceremonies devoted to Xipe Totec were conducted by priests who wore the actual skins of human sacrifices, and the two clay heads were used to plug the pits where the flayed skins were kept. Remember, you were warned.
Whether or not the actual flaying was done at this site is a different matter. Speaking to the Associated Press, University of Florida archaeologist Susan Gillespie(who was not involed with the project) said:
“[A] singular temple to this deity (whatever his name in Popoloca) does not necessarily indicate that this was the place of sacrifice. The Aztec practice was to perform the sacrificial death in one or more places, but to ritually store the skins in another, after they had been worn by living humans for some days. So it could be that this is the temple where they were kept, making it all the more sacred.”
Drawing of an Aztec temple.
And all the more disturbing. Regardless of the exactly who flayed who and where, archaeologists say this is a major discovery. The team who made the discovery plan to continue excavating the site and expect to find more depictions of the Flayed Lord. Maybe we’ll be desensitized enough by then to read about it with a full stomach.
Following the launch of rockets, satellites and, eventually, people into outer space, it became commonplace to hear that humankind had entered the “Space Age.” While true, the innocence of our early space explorations seems to pale compared to what we are achieving today: remotely-operated probes are now reporting back to us with images of objects further from Earth than we once might have dreamed, and the further we push the boundaries of space with our explorations, the smaller our little world seems to feel.
Such innovation has fueled the aspirations of those like Elon Musk, who remains among a vocal contingent of technologists and futurists who aspire to reach the stars. For people like Musk, colonizing other worlds may not just be an eventuality for humankind, with our desire for the exploration of other worlds; our survival may even depend on it.
Others aren’t so convinced. One vocal opponent of this “other worlds, or else” mentality has been science popularizer Bill Nye, who argues that not only is the prospect of colonizing planets like Mars in the near future unrealistic, but it may be impossible.
“This whole idea of terraforming Mars, as respectful as I can be, are you guys high?” Nye told USA Today late last year. “People disagree with me on this, and the reason they disagree is because they’re wrong.”
However, while Mars seems a bit far off, perhaps there are nearer orbital bodies in space that might qualify. With news of China’s recent exploration of the Moon’s far side with its Chang’e-4 probe, some are now asking whether a moon base could be in our future.
Following the big announcement about the Chang’e-4 Lunar Lander, LA Times reports that “Chinese scientists have already declared China’s ambitions to establish a manned moon base andto send nuclear-powered rockets into space in future decades to colonize and exploit space.”
China’s intentions, according to a previous statement to the media, is now to “set the rules of the game in outer space,” establishing a new precedent for space exploration, and perhaps an all-new meaning behind the idea of the “space age.”
They’re wasting no time, either. Subsisting on a steady diet of carrots, potatoes, and yes, mealworms (for protein) along with other high-energy vegetables, a group of eight volunteers concluded a year-long experiment in bio-regenerative living at the astronautics facilities at Beihang University in May. The study, which also became a record-breaking experiment in sustained living in an enclosed system (recycling food, air, water… everything, essentially) was aimed at innovating long-term occupation in a lunar environment.
The Chinese aren’t the only ones making plans for moon bases and long-term lunar occupation. Last year, NASA announced its own plans for a moon base, which will serve not only as a base for future lunar studies but as a stopover for future space travelers on their way to Mars.
NASA is building a plan for Americans to orbit the Moon starting in 2023, and land astronauts on the surface no later than the late 2020s. This will be the first chance for the majority of people alive today to witness a Moon landing – a moment when, in awe and wonder, the world holds its breath. However, America will not stop there.
A key component of establishing the first permanent American presence and infrastructure on and around the Moon is the Gateway, a lunar orbiting platform to host astronauts farther from Earth than ever before.
On the Gateway, America and its partners will prepare to transit deep space, testing new technologies and systems as we build the infrastructure to support missions to the surface of the Moon and prepare for the epochal mission to Mars.
With both China and the U.S. expressing renewed aspirations for lunar bases, it seems we’re looking at more than just a new kind of 21st century “Space Age”: we’re in the midst of an all-new space race, too, and have been for a while, it seems (although the moon base idea isn’t really anything new, as these documents declassified in 2014 show).
“By the late 2020s,” NASA’s press release from Sept. 26, 2018 reports, “a lunar lander capable of transporting crews and cargo will begin trips to the surface of the Moon.”
“The sustainable, long-term lunar surface activities enabled by these efforts, in tandem with the Gateway, will expand and diversify over time, taking advantage of the Moon and near space for scientific exploration in the broadest sense.”
Broad indeed… and no longer just “to the moon and back.” Try, to the moon, and beyond!
The plane passenger on board of the commercial airliner 'Flying Swoop Airlines' flying from Hamilton to Abbotsford on November 30, 2018 was about halfway through he flight when he spotted a huge cigar-shaped object in the distance.
He states that the window was facing north, so we are looking at the Arctic, Nunavut, and Alberta.
The passenger was able to film the UFO that seems to be parked at high altitude.
This is the incredible moment an object flew across New Zealand and lit up the sky, as experts claim it's a meteorite.
Residents scattered across the country's North Island reported sightings of bright lights zooming through the sky at 9pm.
Many were unsure whether the falling object was a piece of space junk re-entering the earth's atmosphere, or a possible meteorite.
Many were unsure whether the falling object was a piece of space junk re-entering the earth's atmosphere, or a possible meteorite
President of the Auckland Astronomical Society Bill Thomas told the NZ Herald he found it more likely the object was a meteorite.
'There's a visible sort of tail, whereas a satellite [is] like a point of light moving across the sky ... bright [meteorites] like that one as not that common in the one place, but they're common worldwide.'
New Zealand Police posted an alert saying they're aware of the meteor: 'Rest assured, we have confirmed with our Paranormal Division, and it is nothing to be concerned about.'
People around the country managed to catch a glimpse of the mysterious object, with many managing to capture it on camera.
Graham Billings was enjoying dinner at an Italian restaurant when he saw the light fly across the sky.
'It was definitely a meteor. I wondered what it was for a bit but we can still see the smoke trail,' Mr Billings said.
In Whangamata, Jen Maloney and her friends saw the object light up the sky twice, once at 8.55pm and another one 15 minutes later.
This is the incredible moment an object flew across New Zealand and lit up the sky, as experts claim it's a meteorite
Ms Maloney described the light show as green, beautiful and dramatic, leaving a 'singe' smell afterwords.
One couple were in Auckland discussing the dangers of the use of drones when they looked up to the sky and thought they spotted one.
What May and Brian Seager actually saw was the meteorite whizzing through the sky above them.
'It was a bright light and then it went green and left like a vapour trail. It was going way too fast [to be a drone] and it looked like it broke up into two pieces afterwards.'
More than 400 kilometres south, Steve Bloor saw a dazzling display in Napier.
Mr Bloor said when he saw the object - that he first believed to be a jet plane - it exploded into millions of pieces, like fireworks.
Residents scattered across the country's North Island reported sightings of bright lights zooming through the sky at 9pm
This image provided by NASA shows a 'Blue Marble' image of the Earth on Jan. 24, 2012.
NASA via AP
By Seth Shostak
How special are we? A recent research paper suggests that terrestrial-style biology may be rare, and Earth may be among the first examples of a planet able to sustain life in the cosmos. Even as the new kids on the block, humans are seemingly one of the precious few instances of intelligence to arise in the universe since the Big Bang did its thing.
Harvard Astronomer Avi Loeb and his colleagues in the U.K. have argued that the halcyon days for life are still to come. It’s not even morning in the universe; it’s pre-dawn. Biology may erupt like weeds on an untold number of worlds, but if so, the infestation will take place tens of billions of years in the future.
Why’s that? And what’s wrong with life sprouting up today?
Obviously nothing. After all, you’re reading this — you, the distant descendant of a small collection of molecules that stumbled on a method for building nearly exact replicas of itself nearly four billion years ago. No scientist is yet sure if this molecular sleight-of-hand is just some sort of highly unlikely event, although opinions abound.
The new argument that primetime for an inhabited universe is still to come springs from astronomy, not biology. Loeb et al.’s proposition begins with the belief that life requires a few essential ingredients: a world that’s amenable to easy chemistry, including liquid water, thick atmosphere — you know the drill. As best we can tell, there’s no shortage of such Goldilocks orbs — there may be tens of billions of Earth-like planets in our galaxy, and that’s not even counting habitable moons.
An abundance of real estate is essential for this growth, yes. But so is time. Rustling up life, especially of the intelligent variety, might take billions of years.
The argument is straightforward: The longer you wait, the more examples of biology you’ll have. But stars like our Sun can’t wait too long: there’s a relatively short opportunity to strut and fret. In 10 billion years, they’ve run through their easily accessible fuel, and are headed out the door.
An artist's impression shows an earth-like planet around the red dwarf Gliese 581, which is 20.5 light-years away in the constellation Libra.ESO via Getty Images
But consider red dwarf stars, the runts of the universe. Their masses are considerably less than Sol’s, which means they burn more slowly. The consequence? Red dwarfs with one-tenth the mass of the Sun have lifespans that are up to a thousand times longer.
All else being equal, that would give red dwarfs a thousand times the probability of eventually using its energy to host a world with life. Clearly, it’s most probable that this life would arise not when these stars are still young — which they all are now — but instead during their long adulthood. In other words, the red dwarfs are just getting started, and their biologically fecund years are still ahead.
And here’s an additional fillip: Red dwarfs are as plentiful as bad drivers, comprising three-fourths of all stars. So not only are they individually a thousand times more likely to become winners in the biology lottery, there are a lot more of them buying tickets.
Loeb argues that, looking back on creation ten trillion years from now when the curtain is falling on the universe-as-we-know-it, you’d have to say that the overwhelming majority of life arose around red dwarf stars – and on average, trillions of years after Earth was over and done.
A reconstruction of an early human at the Museum of Natural History in New York.Kike Calvo / AP
So among inhabited planets it sounds as if Earth beat the rush. From the standpoint of future cosmic civilizations, we are the ancient aliens.
But is that so remarkable? Maybe not. Consider being a citizen of Rome during its Empire. There were about 200 million people in the world then. If you were particularly insightful, it might occur to you that the future human population could be much greater — indeed, there's now 35 times as many people as strolled the world at the time of Jesus.
So that would make Romans special, right? There was a far greater probability that they’d be born after the Renaissance then in the time of the Caesars.
However, while interesting, that’s not to say the Romans were by any means the first humans or even the first to be somewhat civilized. There were 10,000 generations of Homo sapiens before them, and neither they nor the Romans would appreciate being dismissed by the claim that “the best was yet to come.”
The galactic hordes may still be ahead, but that’s little reason to wait before trying to find some cosmic company. Are you willing to wait 500 billion years before learning whether anyone’s out there? That's more patience than I have.
Seth Shostak is the Senior Astronomer at the SETI Institute, in Mountain View, California. He writes frequently on astronomy and other topics, and hosts the SETI Institute’s weekly radio show, “Big Picture Science.”
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Mystery event that saw mountain crash into river 'may have been UFO attack'
Mystery event that saw mountain crash into river 'may have been UFO attack'
A MYSTERIOUS “blitzkrieg” which led to the side of a mountain crashing into a Siberian river was either a UFO attack or a giant meteorite strike, according to a majority of Russians.
The claims about the incident – known as the Bureya Bliztkrieg – come amid a new report which said a “reliable” witness saw a “huge green-coloured body with a very long tail” streaking vertically downwards in the night sky on December 15.
Hunters who first reached the scene - alerted by a sudden and inexplicable change in the flow of the river - reported ‘hot rocks’ on which they could warm their hands
The bizarre event, which took place last month, is under Russian scientific scrutiny after the water flow into a hydro-electric power reservoir was cut due to a massive landfall, creating a 525ft mound which was visible from space rising from the bed of Bureya River in the far east of Russia.
Describing the event one witness said: “It was if as if the mountain had moved.”
BIZARRE: Some people think the incident was a UFO attack (Pic: The Siberian Times)
STRANGE: Satellite image of the Bureya river site - Other people thought it was a meteorite (Pic: The Siberian Times)
Now a poll of the strange event in the Khabarovsk region revealed that a many people thought it was an attack from space.
A total of 27% or people polled said it was a meteorite and 33% thought it was a UFO attack.
The remaining 40% claimed the Bureya Blitzkrieg was caused by a giant landslide.
People who first reached the site of the incident reported hot rocks which they could warm their hands on and a smell “like hydrogen sulphide” and thought the rock fall was caused by a meteorite similar to one which devastated Russia’s Chelyabinsk region 2013.
“I insist it was a meteorite,” said the district government chief of the remote part of the Khabarovsk region where the accident took place, Alex Maslov.
LANDSLIDE: One witness said he saw a 'huge green-coloured body with a very long tail' (Pic: The Siberian Times)
New footage and pictures of the bizarre phenomenon show trees being uprooted or yanked apart with trunks thrown as far as 100ft and large blocks of ice thrown from the river onto the land.
Reports also say an “invisible force” made it seem as if the chunks of ice had flown onto the land.
Alexey Dyundin, 46, a local businessman, was driving through the neighbouring Yakutia region when he witnessed the event which he took to be a meteor strike.
He said: “We saw a huge green-coloured body with a spectacularly bright and very long tail, falling almost vertically at about an 80 degrees angle.
“We saw it right in front of us, falling east to south. It all happened within three or four seconds.”
MYSTERIOUS: One witness said 'it was if the mountain had moved' (Pic: The Siberian Times)
The businessman said he thought the fall was too fast to be a rocket from a space launch coming back to earth- something he had previously seen.
He added: “It was definitely not a rocket stage. They fall much more slowly and they do have a glow when they fall.
“But nothing like the bright green glow we saw. The green glow comes when meteorites contain a lot of iron.
“Our first reaction was, well, hard to publish.
‘“We were so stunned we just exclaimed 'What the **** was that?’ at each other.”
Dyundin said he only realised how significant the sighting was a week later when he saw reports of the Bureya River rockfall.
But data from the European satellite Sentinel suggests the changing face of the river happened between December 9 and December 12- The Siberian Times revealed.
The report said this does not discount the meteorite attack as responsible for the incidents but means that a “space object” as witnessed by Dyundin.
Tourists are now starting to visit the scene of the carnage according to local reports.
Pictures from the site at the Bureya river
Startling new footage shows how a ‘mountain moved’, trees were ‘beheaded’, and blocks of river ice ‘flew’ onto the land
What were the mysterious 'Ravana Rocks' In Sigiriya used for?
What were the mysterious 'Ravana Rocks' In Sigiriya used for?
According to the Ancient local folk stories .i heard, the palace was defended by various lines of defense mechanisms. Among those defense mechanisms, reflectors take a special place. These reflectors were used to reflect sun rays to the enemy.
According to the folk stories, if someone tried to look directly at the palace they had a chance of ending up blind. The palace even has a wall situated near the main rock named as the "Kedapath Pawura" which stands for "the mirror wall".
So I highly anticipate theses reflectors were a line of defense mechanism to protect the mighty king Rawana's Palace
A New Study Suggests There Could Have Been Intelligent Life on Earth Before Humans
A New Study Suggests There Could Have Been Intelligent Life on Earth Before Humans
Looking for aliens across deep space is great, but have we looked hard enough in our own terrestrial backyard—here on Earth?
The artist Surian Soosay offers a playful depiction of 'the Silurian Hypothesis'
One author of the new study, leading climatologist Gavin Schmidt, wrote a work of fiction to explore its findings. Read 'Under the Sun', which we published at Terraform alongside the following piece.
The human yearning to connect with other intelligent life-forms runs deep, and it has become the driving force behind a dazzling range of scientific pursuits. From the SETI Institute’s radio sweeps of the sky, to the discovery of liquid water on neighboring worlds, to the thousands of exoplanets detected over the past two decades, there have been major gains in chasing one of the ultimate cosmic mysteries—whether or not we are alone in the universe.
But in our rush to search for life by peering into deep space, have we overlooked the merits of looking for it in deep time? Earth is the only planet that we’re absolutely certain can support a technologically advanced species, yet little thought has been lent to the possibility that during its 4.5 billion year lifespan, our own world might have produced more than one industrialized civilization.
Outside of some science fiction stories and a speculative paper by Penn State astronomer Jason Wright, little serious thought has been afforded to the possibility that we humans are not the first species to build an advanced civilization in the solar system’s history.
“It actually hasn’t been explored that much,” climatologist Gavin Schmidt, director of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York, told me over the phone. “It never gets brought up as a potential thing that you want to look for.”
Published this month in the International Journal of Astrobiology, the work outlines what kind of signature a technologically adept species might leave behind. Schmidt and Frank use the projected footprint of the Anthropocene, the current era in which human activity is influencing planetary processes like climate and biodiversity, as a guide for what we might expect from other civilizations.
“There’s lots of things that are going well for [human civilization], but there’s a big price that’s being paid in the ecology and biology,” Schmidt told me. He emphasized that many of these consequences can seem to be “out of sight, out of mind” due to conveniences like sewage infrastructure and garbage relocation. But when considered in totality, anthropogenic activities really add up, and impact the geological record. “All of the waste and footprint is being hidden from us, but it isn’t hidden from the planet,” he said.
It’s unlikely that any massive telltale structures would remain preserved through tens of millions of years of geological activity—that holds true for both human civilization and any potential “Silurian” precursors on Earth.
Instead, Schmidt and Frank propose searching for more subtle signals, such as byproducts of fossil fuel consumption, mass extinction events, plastic pollution, synthetic materials, disrupted sedimentation from agricultural development or deforestation, and radioactive isotopes potentially caused by nuclear detonations.
“You really have to dive into a lot of different fields and pull together exactly what you might see,” Schmidt said. “It involves chemistry, sedimentology, geology, and all these other things. It’s really fascinating.”
In his spare time, Schmidt also wrote a short story called “Under the Sun,” which Motherboard is publishing alongside this article in Terraform, and which dramatizes some of its key ideas. The story follows Stella, an environmental scientist who stumbles on evidence of past intelligent life in sediments from dating from the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). This warming period occurred approximately 55 million years ago, when “something triggered a massive shift in the global carbon cycle” and “all the environmental indicators went haywire.”
Stella’s fascination with the PETM reflects Schmidt’s own ruminations about this mysterious period of climate change, when average global temperatures were about 8°C Celsius higher than they are today. Some 15 years ago, he was discussing the geological impact of the PETM with colleagues, when he realized it would be somewhat analogous to the predicted aftermath of the Anthropocene.
In “Under the Sun,” that connection between the PETM and the Anthropocene is made explicit—it’s the nuclear fingerprint that gives Stella and her colleagues their Eureka moment. Despite the thrill of this discovery, the story hints at the ominous consequences of detecting radioactive fallout from a past society, even as nuclear sabre-rattling continues unchecked in human civilization.
In this way, Schmidt’s paper and his short story both relate the Silurian hypothesis to the Drake equation, which is a probabilistic approach to estimating the number of intelligent civilizations in the Milky Way, developed by astronomer Frank Drake.
One of the equation’s key variables is the length of time that civilizations are capable of transmitting detectable signals. A proposed reason that we have not achieved contact with an alien species is that this “length of time” variable may be extremely short—either because technologically advanced civilizations self-destruct, or because they learn to live sustainably on their home worlds.
“It might be the detectable period of a civilization is much shorter than its actual longevity, because you can’t last a long time doing the kinds of stuff that we’ve been doing,” Schmidt explained. “You either stop, because you’ve messed it all up, or you learn not to do it. Either way, the burst of activity, wastefulness, and massive footprints is actually a very short amount of time.”
“Maybe it’s happened a billion times in the universe,” he added, “but if it only lasted 200 years every time, then you’d never see it.”
The same logic holds for any previous civilizations that may have flourished on Earth, only to either collapse in ruin or scale down on activities that threaten their lifespan. There are definitely some not-so-subtle lessons that humans can take from this forked path which is, after all, an industrial version of the age-old evolutionary mantra—adapt or die.
That, for Schmidt and Frank, is one of the core themes of the Silurian hypothesis. If we can mull over the possibility that we are not the first Earthlings to have produced a technologically advanced civilization, perhaps we can better appreciate the precariousness of our current situation.
“Our thinking about our place in the universe has been this progressive distancing of ourselves from the study,” Schmidt told me, citing outdated beliefs like the geocentric model of the universe. “It’s like a stepwise retreat from a total self-centered view, and [the Silurian hypothesis] is really just one extra way of doing that.”
“We do need to be objective and open to all sorts of possibilities,” he added, “if we’re going to be able to see what the universe actually has to offer us.”
SHOCK as world-renowned scientist says humans are on the brink of making ALIEN CONTACT
SHOCK as world-renowned scientist says humans are on the brink of making ALIEN CONTACT
HUMANS are on the brink of contacting alien life, with one of the most respected physicists in the world “sticking his neck out” and predicting it could be within this century, it has been revealed.
Michio Kaku thinks humans will detect aliens before 2100
American theoretical physicist, futurist, and populariser of science, Michio Kaku, thinks humans will detect aliens before 2100 by listening to radio communications, but he does not know if we will be able to talk back to them.
Speaking on an “ask me anything” question and answer session on social media platform Reddit, the futurist answered a Redditor who asked, "Dr Kaku, if we make contact with alien civilisations, then what? And how will we talk to them?"
Dr Kaku replied: “Let me stick my neck out.
“I personally feel that within this century, we will make contact with an alien civilisation, by listening in on their radio communications.
“But talking to them will be difficult, since they could be tens of light years away.
“So, in the meantime, we must decipher their language to understand their level of technology. Are they Type I, II, or III???
“And what are their intentions? Are they expansive and aggressive, or peaceful?”
Types of civilisations represent the three categories in the “Kardashev scale”.
The scale measures a civilisation’s technological advancement based on the amount of energy they are able to use for communication.
Humans are not yet a Type I civilisation because they have not reached a stage of being able to use every ounce of energy on their home planet - which includes solar, thermal, oceanic and more.
Mr Kaku added: "Another possibility is that they land on the White House lawn and announce their existence.
"But I think that is unlikely since we would be like forest animals to them, i.e. not worth communicating with."
Dr Kaku is not the first renowned scientist to predict that humanity will make contact with alien life.
Stephen Hawking recently said that he is "more convinced than ever that we are not alone" and added that humanity should stop reaching out to aliens before it is too late.
GETTY
Dr Kaku is not the first renowned scientist to predict that humanity will make contact with aliens
He added: "One day we might receive a signal from a planet like Gliese 832c, but we should be wary of answering back.
"Meeting an advanced civilisation could be like Native Americans encountering Columbus.
“That didn't turn out so well.”
Dr Hawking is involved in the Breakthrough Listen project, which will scan planets around the nearest million stars for signs of life within radio signals.
GETTY
Stephen Hawking recently said that he is 'more convinced than ever that we are not alone'
Senior astronomer at the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Institute, Seth Shostak, has placed a wager that we will find signs of alien life within 20 years.
According to the Drake equation, based on the sheer volume of stars in space it is highly unlikely that we are the only life in the universe.
Scientists are currently focussed on radio waves, which Shostak, Hawking, and Kaku all predict will be where alien contact will come through.
Radiowaves stand out from the naturally occurring background noise in the Universe, which typically extends across a much wider frequency range.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
Tempel Mexicaanse vruchtbaarheidsgod blootgelegd waar gruwelijke rituelen plaatsvonden: hogepriesters vilden menselijke offers en trokken hun huid aan - HLN.be
Tempel Mexicaanse vruchtbaarheidsgod blootgelegd waar gruwelijke rituelen plaatsvonden: hogepriesters vilden menselijke offers en trokken hun huid aan - HLN.be
REUTERSEen van de twee stenen hoofden die werd ontdekt.
WETENSCHAPIn Mexico hebben archeologen voor het eerst een duizend jaar oude tempel en offerplaats gewijd aan de vruchtbaarheidsgod Xipe Totec ontdekt. Om hun “Gevilde Heer” te eren, offerden de inheemse volkeren een keer per jaar menselijke offers die voor de tempel gevild werden, waarna hogepriesters zich in de huid van de slachtoffers kleedden.
Tijdens het jaarlijkse ‘feest’ Tlacaxipehualiztli, letterlijk vertaald ‘de huid van de gevilden dragen’, offerden de inheemse inwoners gevangenen om zo in de gunst van Xipe Totec te komen, zo noteerden de Spaanse overheersers die honderden jaren geleden op de Azteekse stammen stootten bij hun verkenning van het Mexicaanse binnenland. De gevangenen werden gedood in een soort gladiatorengevecht of met pijlen doorboord. Daarna werden ze gevild en hogepriesters trokken hun huid aan als symbool van wedergeboorte. Het hart werd uit het lichaam gesneden en eveneens geofferd.
Met de ontdekking van de tempel is er nu ook voor het eerst tastbaar bewijs van dat gruwelijke verhaal. De tempel werd blootgelegd op de site Ndachjian-Tehuacán in de centrale deelstaat Puebla. Ze bestaat uit twee offeraltaren en drie sculpturen: twee 70 centimeter grote en 200 kilogram zware stenen hoofden en een 80 centimeter grote torso. Ze moeten het huidloze lichaam van Xipe Totec voorstellen. De torso heeft bijvoorbeeld twee handen aan de linkerarm: een van de god zelf en een van de gevilde slachtoffers. In de buik zit een gat waar waarschijnlijk een groene steen zat.
De tempel werd waarschijnlijk gebruikt tussen het jaar 1000 en 1250 door de Popoloca-stam. Die groep werd later door de Azteken overwonnen, die hun rijk over Mexico uitbreidden tot de Spanjaarden arriveerden. Ook de Azteken bleven Xipe Totec aanbidden.
REUTERS
REUTERS
De ontdekte sculptuur van de torso is ongeveer 80 centimeter groot, heeft twee handen aan zijn linkerarm ene en gat in zijn buik.
REUTERS
REUTERS
De archeologische site van Ndachjian-Tehuacan in Puebla.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
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