A HYPERBOLIC CLAIM

“Previous approaches to this problem were like looking for your keys under a lamppost, where our sun is the lamp illuminating its surroundings and passing interstellar objects are the keys,” Loeb explains. “That’s a good technique—that’s how ‘Oumuamua was found—but it really limits you, particularly in trying to figure out an object’s composition.”

For their study, Loeb and Siraj used a different method, looking for evidence of interstellar objects in more than three decades of data from the Center for Near Earth Object Studies (CNEOS), a NASA-run global catalog of meteors detected by networks of U.S. government sensors.

Because there should be many more interstellar objects at smaller sizes, Loeb says, “there is a good chance those will appear to us as meteors, since the chances of their intersecting the Earth are higher.” Monitoring a meteor’s bright trail as it burns up in our planet’s atmosphere can reveal not only the object’s size and composition but also its trajectory and velocity with respect to the Earth and the sun. If a meteor’s inferred incoming speed exceeds about 42 kilometers per second—the solar system’s escape velocity in Earth’s vicinity—its trajectory could be considered “hyperbolic,” meaning it could have been an “unbound” interstellar passerby moving too fast to be captured by the sun’s gravity.

Only one event in the CNEOS database met Loeb and Siraj’s conservative criteria: a fireball off the coast of Papua New Guinea on January 8, 2014. According to the pair’s analysis of the CNEOS data, the meteor was half a meter in size and massed nearly 500 kilograms, entering the Earth’s atmosphere at nearly 44 kilometers per second before exploding high above the Pacific Ocean. Tellingly, the meteor’s trail showed it had not impacted Earth head-on, as one might expect of a fast-moving but native object in a retrograde orbit around our star. Instead it appeared to have swooped in from behind, overtaking our planet as the Earth moved around the sun—suggesting its actual velocity with respect to our solar system had been in blistering excess of 60 kilometers per second. Reconstructing the object’s most probable path to Earth, Loeb and Siraj found no previous close encounters with Jupiter or other large bodies that could have boosted its speed.

The case for the meteor being a rock from another star seemed almost too good to be true, particularly since CNEOS data is best interpreted with caution. The catalog’s primary sources are classified Earth-observing satellites operated by the U.S. military, which can record the brightness, orientation and duration of fireballs entering our planet’s atmosphere. For reasons of national security, the government refuses to release information about potential sources of uncertainty in the satellites’ secretive measurements.

“At first I didn’t believe it,” Siraj says. For a week, he and Loeb repeatedly checked their analysis of the CNEOS data, always arriving at the same conclusion: the meteor must have had an interstellar origin. Ultimately they chose to test their methods on a different, much more well-studied event—the 20-meter meteor that exploded over and wreaked havoc on the Russian city of Chelyabinsk in 2013. Using video recordings of the Chelyabinsk fireball, “we derived its orbit using our methods, and it was a very close match [to the CNEOS data],” Siraj says. “When I saw that, I thought, ‘Oh my god, this is real.’”

AN INTERSTELLAR ORIGIN OF LIFE?

The meteor’s estimated extreme speed was not only much higher than that of objects orbiting the sun, but also well above what would be typical of other nearby systems swirling through the Milky Way’s thin, star-studded disk. That, Loeb says, means its putative interstellar origins are decidedly exotic. “Either it came from a star in the galaxy’s thick disk [a small and diffuse subset of speedy stars that surround the thin disk like a halo],” he says, “or it came from the galaxy’s thin disk, from inner regions of a planetary system where objects orbit at higher speeds.”

The pair’s analysis also suggests interstellar objects of this scale strike the Earth at least once per decade—meaning perhaps almost half a billion have rained down upon our planet throughout its 4.5-billion-year history. Stars near our own should eject anywhere between 0.2 and 20 Earth masses of such objects over the course of their lives, Loeb and Siraj estimate—and at any time, on the order of a million should be somewhere within the Earth's orbit around the sun.

Such possibilities carry profound implications. “Some of these objects could potentially transfer life between planetary systems,” Loeb says, referring to a broad theory known as panspermia (ancient Greek for “all seeds”) that posits life first began in outer space and can readily migrate between planets. In principle, alien microbes sheltered within rocks blasted into space by a giant impact on some life-bearing world might survive an interstellar voyage and a fiery entry into a planet’s atmosphere. Some researchers have posited this may even explain life’s early emergence on Earth, which the fossil record suggests occurred with shocking rapidity more than four billion years ago, practically as soon as our planet became cool enough to harbor liquid water. “If this meteor is indeed interstellar, it shows a proof of concept,” Loeb says. “Sure, it burned up, but bigger, rarer ones won’t. And we don’t need an impact every decade to seed the early Earth.”

Even if Loeb and Siraj’s meteor had managed to reach Earth’s surface, however, other experts in the arcane topic of panspermia suggest it would not have brought anything living with it. “More likely, this object is not from a habitable (much less inhabited) body, but rather is a piece of a frozen, comet-like body,” says Benjamin Weiss, a planetary scientist and meteorite expert at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. More fundamentally, Weiss says, the claim that this particular space rock was interstellar is problematic. “The meteor catalog that [Loeb and Siraj] used does not report uncertainties on the incoming velocity,” he notes. “These uncertainties need to be quantified before this meteor can be accepted as interstellar.”

UNKNOWN UNCERTAINTIES

That is also the view of Paul Chodas, the CNEOS catalog’s manager at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “We at CNEOS simply post the fireball data that is reported to us; we have no information on the uncertainties,” he says.

In March of this year, Chodas says, he and other CNEOS staffers flagged 2014’s Papua New Guinea meteor as potentially interstellar based on their own calculations of its orbit—but did not publish that result due to concerns about the data’s quality. Loeb and Siraj’s “quite extraordinary” and “highly speculative” claim, he says, “is based on just a few numbers that are likely highly uncertain.” (In their paper, Loeb and Siraj cite previous work reporting that the CNEOS catalog’s typical uncertainty for the velocity of a meter-sized meteor is less than a kilometer per second—an insignificant offset in the enormous measured speed of their candidate interstellar fireball.)

Asked about uncertainties in the CNEOS fireball catalog, Lindley Johnson, NASA’s “planetary defense officer,” notes that its entries represent the use of data “in a way it was never, ever originally intended.” Although initially conceived as a simple list of fireball times, locations and energy levels, more than a decade ago the catalog also began incorporating estimates of speed and directionality for particularly data-rich events, in hopes that researchers could use those projections to track down meteorite debris fields from large fireballs that occurred over land. Soon, particularly bold analysts were using those projections to look back in time, piecing together the potential orbital histories of meteors to link them and any meteorites they produced to certain families of asteroids. That was “already stretching the credence in the data beyond anything really scientifically valid,” Johnson says. “Now [Loeb and Siraj] want to speculate based on such tenuous data that some could be interstellar objects? That really stretches the credibility past the breaking point for me.”

Peter Brown, a planetary astronomer and leading meteor expert at Canada’s Western University, says that even though the CNEOS catalog is on average of very high quality, the validity of any single data point—particularly for smaller meteors—remains questionable. “Statistically, I think the catalog’s derived orbits and velocities and trajectories are fine,” he says. “But we simply don’t know which ones are good and which ones are bad.” Furthermore, Brown says, of the thousands of small fireballs previously detected by other, independent surveys using ground-based cameras and radar stations, not one has clearly exhibited a hyperbolic trajectory. “If a tenth or a twentieth of a percent of the population was hyperbolic as Loeb and Siraj claim, you’d expect to have a fair number of hyperbolics in the data from ground-based networks—but we don’t see that.”

Even so, Brown adds, “it is a fantastic thing that others are coming from different disciplines and applying their own approaches to this rich data set…. Interstellar meteorites must be hitting Earth’s atmosphere, and fireballs are the natural way to look for them. We just have to find them convincingly, in ways that can’t be dismissed as measurement uncertainties.”

This, naturally, is part of Loeb and Siraj’s grand plan. The next step in the quest for interstellar meteors, they say, is to ensure that potentially hyperbolic fireballs can be not only detected but also characterized. Observed with the right equipment, a fireball’s light can be broken up into a multicolored spectrum which acts as a “barcode” to reveal the object’s chemical composition—a critical clue as to whether or not it formed around our sun.

“Every few years we should have one of these hyperbolic meteors,” Loeb says. “If we just ensure observers are flagging fireballs with excess velocities, we should be able to set up spectroscopic surveys to get each one’s spectrum as it burns up in the atmosphere and indeed demonstrate an origin beyond our solar system. Surely this is something worth investing in!”

{ https://www.scientificamerican.com/ }

24-04-2019 om 01:28 geschreven door peter  

Maandenlang op gewacht, maar België detecteert mee eerste beving op Mars - HLN.be

Bron: Belga

“Een zwak seismisch signaal maar toch te onderscheiden”, aldus het CNES over de detectie met de SEIS die op de Amerikaanse Marslander InSight staat. Die doet vooral onderzoek naar het binnenste van de Rode Planeet en wilde onder andere met de SEIS op zoek naar Marsbevingen.

“Het is formidabel een signaal te hebben dat er nog seismische activiteit op Mars is”, zei onderzoeker Philippe Lognonné van het Institut de Physique du Globe in Parijs. “Wij hebben maandenlang op onze eerste Marsbeving gewacht”.

De SEIS (“Seismic Experiment for Interior Structure”), waarvan de technische en wetenschappelijke verantwoordelijkheid bij Frankrijk berust, belandde op 19 december 2018 op de Marsbodem. Dankzij een robotarm van de stationaire InSight die op 26 november op onze buurplaneet is geland.

Nieuwe discipline

De meting gebeurde op de 128ste Marsdag. Volgens missieverantwoordelijke Bruce Banerdt bij het Amerikaanse ruimtevaartbureau NASA markeert de beving de “officiële geboorte van een nieuwe discipline: Marsseismologie”. De eerste beving was echter te zwak om bruikbare gegevens op te leveren over het binnenste van de planeet, zeggen CNES en NASA.

Bovendien moet er nog bevestiging komen dat de geregistreerde Marsbeving wel degelijk uit het binnenste van de planeet komt. Andere mogelijkheden zijn dat het een effect van de wind is of storende ruis.

Toch corresponderen meerdere karakteristieken van de meting - in het bijzonder de omvang en de duur - met het profiel van de bevingen die op de Maan zijn gedetecteerd, zeggen CNES en NASA. Via door astronauten van de NASA geplaatste seismometers zijn tussen 1969 en 1977 duizenden Maanbevingen geregistreerd, waaruit bleek dat onze natuurlijke satelliet geologisch nog altijd actief is.

Audio-opname

Er zijn de laatste maanden nog drie andere signalen gedetecteerd, allen zwakker dan dat van 6 april. Die metingen gebeurden op 14 maart, 10 april en 11 april. Wetenschappers buigen zich nog over de ware aard van de detectie.

Van de vermoede eerst gedetecteerde beving op Mars bestaat ook een audio-opname.

BEKIJK OOK ( peter2011 )

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

24-04-2019 om 00:15 geschreven door peter  

MYSTERIEUS RUIMTESCHIP IS WEER TERUG

Vorig jaar werd door talloze mensen in de Amerikaanse staat Minnesota een ufo waargenomen die deed denken aan de film Indepence Day.

Ditzelfde ruimteschip werd eerder ook gezien boven Nederland en nu duikt het op boven Peking.

Het was een ufo die eruit zag zoals op de volgende foto, die al eerder op talloze plaatsen is waargenomen.

Dit schip was niet alleen te zien boven Peking, maar zelfs op een afstand van 100 kilometer van de Chinese hoofdstad werd deze ufo waargenomen. 

De ufo verscheen als uit het niets en leek geen geluid te maken. 

De waarneming is echt, want er zijn talloze getuigen die deze vreemde lichten hebben gezien. 



De vorige keer dat dit ruimteschip door heel veel mensen werd waargenomen was in oktober vorig jaar. Hierna een deel uit een artikel waaruit duidelijk wordt dat dit object veel overeenkomsten vertoont met wat nu in China wordt waargenomen:

We zijn nu inmiddels een week verder en weer is er een waarneming van hetzelfde object.

De getuige is er absoluut van overtuigd dat het geen weerspiegeling of iets dergelijks is omdat nadat dit object een minuut of vier boven de weg had gehangen, dit opeens met grote snelheid wegvloog. Iets dat door hem en zijn vriendin beiden is gezien. 

Ufoloog Scott Waring is heel benieuwd of er die avond ergens in de buurt mensen zijn vermist of tijdelijk zoek geweest zijn. Hij denkt namelijk dat wanneer een ruimteschip zo dichtbij de weg komt er een reden voor moet zijn. En die reden zou heel goed kunnen zijn dat ze van plan waren om één of meerdere mensen te ontvoeren. 

En zelfs daarvoor werd dit schip waargenomen en wel in Nederland in 1996. Voor dat verhaal verwijzen wij dit eerdere artikel. 

En zoals gewoonlijk is er ook in China geen verklaring gekomen voor wat daar in de lucht hangt.

{ http://niburu.co/ }

23-04-2019 om 23:50 geschreven door peter  

If you’re worried about invasions from outer space (or from inside the Earth or from another dimension), you may want to listen to what U.S. presidential candidate Seth Moulton (another one?) has to say about how he would handle the situation if he was sitting in the Oval Office. Will this become one of the defining questions of the 2020 presidential campaign?

“If you were president during an alien invasion, what would your strategy be?”

On the day he announced his run for the Democratic presidential nomination, Seth Moulton, U.S. Representative for Massachusetts’s 6th congressional district, was hit with that tough question by a Buzzfeed reporter (home of today’s hard-hitting news). While there were a few chuckles and tongues pressed to cheeks, Moulton called upon his background as a star running back for Harvard and a Marine veteran who served in the early days of the Iraq War and attacked the question straight on.

“I would not build a wall between here and Mars. I would not do that. No, you got to start — and this is serious, guys — you got to start with diplomacy. You always have to start with diplomacy.”

Seth Moulton

That sounds like a response that would appeal to a lot of voters, but would it appeal to extraterrestrials? And, if this were a movie, would it entice you to stay or head for the popcorn stand?

“I’d serve a beer and a burger, and then if the meeting goes well, that’s all good. If the meeting starts to not go so well, I’d say, ‘By the way, that burger — that’s the last aliens who visited.'”

Another response that would appeal to a lot of voters … although not necessarily the same ones. As far as movie scripts go, this might confuse some who aren’t sure if they’re watching a sequel to “Independence Day” or “Spaceballs.”

I packed you a lunch … don’t take anything from strangers.

While this line of questioning could start a trend – especially with calls for UFO disclosure, increased SETI activity, the Space Force, etc. – another presidential candidate has already made government disclose of ETs part of his platform. Andrew D. Basiago announced in his “Andy 2016 – A Time for Truth” presidential campaign that he was prepared to discuss his time travel activities, visits to Mars and other similar questions, but was never invited to the primary debates … which was disappointing since Hillary Clinton also mentioned opening the UFO files if she were elected. In the final debates, the two candidates could have been asked what they thought of Ronald Reagan’s take on an alien invasion during an address to the United Nations.

“Perhaps we need some outside universal threat to make us recognize this common bond. I occasionally think how quickly our differences worldwide would vanish if we were facing an alien threat from outside this world.”

What would Moulton think? He may get to debate the point with Andrew Basiago since the chrononaut is running again. What do the other candidates on the ever-increasing list think? This could make a great party game as well as a town hall meeting icebreaker.

Before they agree with “burger and beer” Moulton and his flippant remark to an ET, they may want to watch the Twilight Zone episode “To Serve Man” one more time.

Rod Serling would have made a great president.

Rod Serling looking very presidential

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

23-04-2019 om 23:33 geschreven door peter  

UFOs come in many forms, but one of the most commonly reported objects is the ubiquitous triangular black aircraft. For decades, numerous witnesses throughout the world have reported seeing such aircraft, leading to speculation that at least one of the world’s air forces could possess or be testing such a craft.

That speculation gained a few degrees of legitimacy in 2017 when a patent dated from 2004 turned up online which appeared to show a design for  black triangular craft similar to those reported in so many UFO sightings. That patent was reportedly filed by a man named John Quincy St. Clair, a shadowy figure who pops up time and time again in these types of aerospace technology patent stories. Is he a real person? Why is this mysterious patent in his name?

Triangular aircraft with lights at each point have been reported worldwide for decades.

Those questions remain unanswered, but this week several somewhat dubious outlets like Sputnik News have reported the discovery of another patent for a strange triangular aircraft, this time one that uses an “internal mass reduction device” capable of incredible feats of propulsion. The patent claims the inventor of this craft is Salvatore Cezar Pais, a name which also pops up in many odd and futuristic military patents. The assignee of patent number US10144532B2 is the US Secretary of Navy, who filed the application in April 2016.

The patent describes an “unconventional spacecraft propulsion system” which uses resonant cavities and microwave emitters that “create high frequency electromagnetic waves throughout the resonant cavity to vibrate in an accelerated mode and create a local polarized vacuum outside the outer resonant cavity wall.” The whole thing sounds quite similar to the rumored EM drive propulsion system which caused a stir a few years back.

A mysterious triangular aircraft seen over Texas in 2014.

The patent contains some fascinating statements about the significance of this system, through which “extreme speeds can be achieved.” According to the patent, reducing the internal mass of the craft would mean it’s possible to reduce its inertia, or resistance to motion. Doing so would allow the craft a level of maneuverability and speed not seen in conventional aircraft, potentially revolutionizing aerospace engineering as we know it:

If we can engineer the structure of the local quantum vacuum state, we can engineer the fabric of our reality at the most fundamental level (thus affecting a physical system’s inertial and gravitational properties). This realization would greatly advance the fields of aerospace propulsion and power generation.

The description of the craft and its hypothetical abilities should sound eerily familiar to anyone who follows anomalous aerial phenomena. The patent appears to be legitimate, but that doesn’t necessarily mean such a craft has been built yet – or is even capable of being built based on our current technology.

One of the largest UFO developments in recent years has been the release of footage allegedly captured by US Air Force aircraft as they attempted to intercept incredibly agile, otherworldly aircraft flying off the coast of California. Could all of these ‘disclosures’ of UFO encounters be proof that someone is already flying next-generation aircraft far more advanced than any conventional jet fighter, or does this patent merely show that US Navy engineers want to stay ahead of the technological curve and prevent others from using their own hypothetical designs if such technologies are ever realized?

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

23-04-2019 om 23:09 geschreven door peter  

Just five months after Betty and Barney Hill’s late night encounter in September 1961, a similar incident occurred in the U.K. In this case, the witness was a man named Ronald Wildman. It was in the early hours of February 9, 1962 that Wildman had an extraordinary experience, one which led him to fully believe he had seen a UFO at very close quarters. So amazed, and even slightly unsettled, by what occurred, Wildman contacted the local police. It was via the police that the U.K.’s Air Ministry (today, called the Ministry of Defense) came to hear about the story. The press, who were tipped off by someone in the police, gave the story more than a bit of coverage, which led the U.K.’s UFO research community to descend on Wildman and pick his brains about what he saw, too.

Behind the scenes, the military was taking a very close watch of Wildman and his experience. That much can be proved: the old Air Ministry file on the man and his encounter has been released into the public domain and can be accessed in person at the National Archives, Kew, England. The Wildman file runs from 1962 to 1964 and is predominantly comprised of clippings taken from newspapers, from various issues of Flying Saucer Review magazine – which was a highly popular publication for UFO enthusiasts, particularly so in the 1960s and 1970s – and from other newsletters and journals on the issue of Flying Saucers. The file contains something else too, as you will now learn.

Exactly one week after the furor concerning Ronald Wildman’s encounter calmed down, an employee of the British Royal Air Force’s Provost and Security Services paid a quiet visit to the local police, to get all of the data they had in-hand. It should be noted that the P&SS was an elite arm of the Royal Air Force. Its employees typically got involved in the investigation of terrorist threats against the military. They were experts in the fields of disinformation and espionage, and are skilled in the domain of counterintelligence. That the Air Ministry felt it was important for Wildman’s case to be investigated by the P&SS speaks volumes for its credibility. With that all said, let’s take a look at the initial report prepared by P&SS officer Sergeant C.J. Perry. He wrote:

“At Aylesbury on 16^th February 1962, at 1530 hrs., I visited the Civil Police and requested information on an alleged ‘Flying Saucer’ incident. I was afforded every facility by the Civil Police authorities and although no official report had been made, details of the incident were recorded in the Station Occurrence book. The details are as follows: Mr. Ronald Wildman of Luton, a car collection driver, was traveling along the Aston Clinton road at about 0330 hrs. on 9^th February 1962 when he came upon an object like a hovercraft flying approximately 30 feet above the road surface. As he approached he was traveling at 40 mph but an unknown force slowed him down to 20 mph over a distance of 400 yrd., then the object suddenly flew off. He described the object as being about 40 feet wide, oval in shape with a number of small portholes around the bottom edge. It emitted a fluorescent glow but was otherwise not illuminated. Mr. Wildman reported the incident to a police patrol who notified the Duty Sergeant, Sergeant Schofield. A radio patrol car was dispatched to the area but no further trace of the ‘Flying Saucer’ was seen. It was the opinion of the local police that the report by Mr. Wildman was perfectly genuine and the experience was not a figment of imagination. They saw that he was obviously shaken. I spoke to Sergeant Schofield and one of the Constables to whom the incident was reported. Both were convinced that Mr. Wildman was genuinely upset by his experience.”

As interesting as the above report certainly is, a follow-up report from Sergeant Perry reveals something more. It’s something that is presented only as a passing reference, but which – from the perspective of the story you are reading – is incredibly important. Following a return visit to see Sergeant Schofield, Sergeant Perry wrote in his report that the police had failed to mention one particular thing in the initial discussion. At the time, the police didn’t feel it was too important. Namely, that when he spoke with the police, Ronald Wildman was “muddled about the time.” Regrettably, these four words are not expanded on, but as brief as they are, they suggest there was some degree of missing hours; that Wildman believed the time-frame of the encounter was very different to what it reallywas.

There is one more important factor in this story: copies of Sergeant Schofield’s report on the Wildman incident were copied to a division of the Air Ministry called A.I. (Tech) 5(b). The “A.I.” stands for “Air Intelligence.” Many years ago A.I. (Tech) 5(b) was absorbed into the Ministry of Defense’s Defense Intelligence Staff. For a case which involved a man whose car was briefly affected by a close encounter with a UFO, this is an extraordinary high degree of interest – all displayed by covert branches of the U.K.’s military and intelligence services.

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

23-04-2019 om 22:41 geschreven door peter  

Linda Moulten Howe: 84 Year Old Roswell Worker Spills All To Nurse

Linda Moulten Howe and Marfoogle TV getting heavy into the Roswell subject like never before. I’ve heard so many theories of Roswell.

 

Drugs and MK Ultra conducted on Military personal when too close to something they do not want out. I think this old guy had a relapse under those drugs and probably seen something that he was supposed to forget.

 

They are not aliens they are demons. The government wants to push that narrative because when the Rapture happens that’s how they will explain what happened to the people taken in the Rapture The aliens took them. D.L.

 

In mid-1947, a United States Army Air Forces balloon crashed at a ranch near Roswell, New Mexico. Following wide initial interest in the crashed “flying disc”, the US military stated that it was merely a conventional weather balloon. Wikipedia

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/v3/ }

23-04-2019 om 22:31 geschreven door peter  

Confirmed! Multiple ET Bases on Earth Stargate Program Declassified

A former employ of the US governments top secret program in the late 1980s, Lyn Buchanan became known to the public when declassified documents of the US governments Remote Viewing project came to light.

The program used CRV (controlled Remote Viewing) which was focused on specific targets and locations to gather intel.

Basically, Lyn uses his focused thoughts and energy to learn about targets. This is very similar to telepathy. If he used it to send a mental message it would be telepathy. His training made him possibly the best in the world at this area. 

Scott C. Waring
 

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/v3/ }

23-04-2019 om 22:23 geschreven door peter  

Potential for Life On Other Planets In Milky Way Revealed in New Study

One of the conditions for the emergence and persistence of life on Earth is the existence of geological activity such as earthquakes and volcanoes.

Volcanic activity caused by the movement of tectonic plates over the mantle (plate tectonics) recycles gases such as carbon dioxide through the mantle, crust, atmosphere and oceans, helping to keep the planet habitable by maintaining temperatures at ideal levels for the survival of living beings, scientists explain.

A study conducted by Brazil’s National Space Research Institute (INPE) suggests our galaxy, the Milky Way, contains other rocky planets with a high probability of having plate tectonics, increasing the chances that they are habitable.Researchers have found evidence of the existence of rocky exoplanets with a high probability of having plate tectonics, increasing the likelihood that they are habitable 

Credit: R. Hurt / NASA

The study was supported by FAPESP. The results have been published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS).

“We found that geological conditions favorable to the emergence and maintenance of life exist on rocky planets, that life may exist throughout the Milky Way and that it may have originated at any time during our galaxy’s evolution,” said Jorge Luis Melendez Moreno, a professor at the University of São Paulo’s Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences (IAG-USP) in Brazil and one of the authors of the study.

Scientists at other research institutions in Brazil and abroad also participated in the study.

They determined the surface parameters, masses and ages of 53 solar twins located at different points in the Milky Way. They also analyzed the chemical composition of these stars, called solar twins because their temperature, gravity and surface chemistry are similar to those of our Sun. The aim of the study was to discover whether potentially habitable rocky planets also orbit around the stars in question.

The analysis was performed using a spectrograph called HARPS (High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher) installed on the 3.6 m telescope operated by the European Southern Observatory (ESO) at the La Silla facility in Chile. The instrument measures the electromagnetic spectra of the “colors” emitted by celestial bodies, from shorter (ultraviolet) to longer (infrared) wavelengths.

The findings showed that the stars contain an abundance of thorium, a radioactive element with isotopes that split owing to atomic instability into smaller isotopes, emitting energy in a process called radioactive decay.

The energy released by the decay of unstable isotopes – not only thorium but also other radioactive elements such as uranium and potassium – gives rise to Earth’s mantle convection and tectonic activity. Part of the planet’s internal heat is a remnant of the primordial heat from its formation, but at least half is due to radioactive energy.

Thus, the initial levels of these radioactive elements in a rocky exoplanet contribute indirectly to the habitability of its surface, especially given the long time they take to decay, on the scale of billions of years, the researchers explained.

“The thorium levels we measured in these solar twins point to a sufficient amount of available energy from the decay of this radioactive element to maintain mantle convection and plate tectonics in any rocky planets that may be orbiting around them,” said Rafael Botelho, first author of the study. Botelho is studying for a PhD in astrophysics at INPE.

The initial thorium abundances in the solar twins were compared with the abundances of iron, silicon (an indicator of mantle thickness and mass in rocky planets) and two other heavy elements, neodymium and europium. The results showed that the thorium-silicon ratio in the solar twins increased over time and was equal to or higher than that of our Sun since the formation of the Milky Way.

“There are signs that thorium is also abundant in old solar twins. This means the Milky Way’s disk could be full of life,” said André Milone, a scientist at INPE and supervisor of Botelho’s PhD research.

Contacts and sources:

• By Elton Alisson
  Agência FAPESP

Citation:

• “Thorium in solar twins: implications for habitability in rocky planets” by R. B. Botelho, A. de C. Milone, J. Melendez, M. Bedell, L. Spina, M. Asplund, L. dos Santos, J. L. Bean, I. Ramirez, D. Yong, S. Dreizler, A. Alves-Brito and J. Yana Galarza can be retrieved from: academic.oup.com/mnras/article-abstract/482/2/1690/5134163?redirectedFrom=fulltext.

Source:

•  http://www.ineffableisland.com/2019/04/potential-for-life-on-other-planets-in.html

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/v3/ }

23-04-2019 om 22:14 geschreven door peter  

Star Wars-like Planetary System Verified as Most Interesting of Binary-Star Worlds

Astronomers have discovered a third planet in the Kepler-47 system, securing the system’s title as the most interesting of the binary-star worlds. Using data from NASA’s Kepler space telescope, a team of researchers, led by astronomers at San Diego State University, detected the new Neptune-to-Saturn-size planet orbiting between two previously known planets.

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/v3/ }

23-04-2019 om 21:55 geschreven door peter  

The Flying Saucer Built by Otis Carr Was Real! Humanity Hoaxed!

Ralph Ring goes over the incredible story of Otis Carr and how he built a real working flying saucer!  This testimony completely destroys the hoax of needing rockets to get into space.  We’ve been told since this lie since we were children and they’re still lying to us!   This story also destroys the other lie they told us about needing oil and nuclear power to power our homes and automobiles!    Trump should unveil this technology to the public 90 days before the 2020 election and destroy the evil forces against him!   

Otis Carr met Nikola Tesla when he was in school and working as a clerk in the New Yorker hotel.  At this time, Tesla had become disillusioned with the world after JP Morgan shut down his dream of providing free energy to the masses.  By the way, if the evil Rothschild and Rockefeller bloodlines were replaced with the Tesla bloodline we would already be living a Star Trek like future with free energy, levitation and a clean planet with unlimited resources!  Instead all of this incredible technology is secretly locked away powering the deep underground bases and in the secret space programs exploring the universe and colonizing other planets and moons.  All this is going on while the “free range slaves” have to watch ridiculous Fake News and see hideous demonic monsters like Nancy Pelosi and Chuck Shumer on our television screens!  It’s really sick when you know the truth!

But anyway, sorry I got off on a rant there, let’s get back to the good stuff.  Otis Car was like a sponge and soaked in everything Nikola Tesla could teach him!   Tesla made Carr promise to carry on his work and try to get the information out in his time and to keep passing on the secrets!   So Carr did as he was instructed.  He got his own lab and began to experiment with free energy devices and built small flying saucers that levitated magnetically!    He went to the patent office but they told him they would not grant him a patent unless he took out the levitating part and anchored it to the ground!   That shows you what a complete fraud  the US Patent system has always been!  Now the US Patent office is run by the British SERCO company and all the patents go straight to the Queen!

The person speaking in the two videos above is Ralph Ring who worked with Otis Ring.  He flew one of the flying saucer craft over 10 miles!  It went so fast it warped time for the occupants and they didn’t even realize they had traveled this far until later on when the memory came back.  They were working with some very advanced stuff that allowed them to control the craft with their mind!  Eventually during the late 1950s the US Government raided Carr and told him he would not be allowed to continue his work because it was a threat to the “US monetary system”!  It was only a threat to those who have enslaved the planet!  The US government already had much better technology working by then I’m sure and the hidden controllers could never allow a private citizen to bring out the truth!

Ralph Ring tells the incredible story about the flying saucer in the videos above and in the article on Project Camelot linked below.  

When recalling the heady events of the late 1950s working day and night with Carr, Ring again and again stressed that the key was working with nature. “Resonance“, he would emphasize repeatedly. “You have to work with nature, not against her.” He described how when the model disks were powered up and reached a particular rotational speed, “…the metal turned to Jell-o. You could push your finger right into it. It ceased to be solid. It turned into another form of matter, which was as if it was not entirely here in this reality. That’s the only way I can attempt to describe it. It was uncanny, one of the weirdest sensations I’ve ever felt.

What was it like working with Carr? “He was an unquestioned genius. Tesla had recognized his quality immediately and had taught him everything he knew. He was inspired, and – like Tesla – seemed to know exactly what to do to get something to work. He was a private man and was also very metaphysical in his thinking. I think the fact that he was not formally trained in physics helped him. He was not constrained by any preconceived ideas. As crazy as it sounds now, he was determined to fly to the moon and really believed it could be done. I believed it. We all did.”

“…I was completely astonished when we realized that we had returned with samples of rocks and plants from our destination. It was a dramatic success. It was more like a kind of teleportation.”
Did the craft fly? “Fly is not the right word. It traversed distance. It seemed to take no time. I was with two other engineers when we piloted the 45′ craft about ten miles. I thought it hadn’t moved – I thought it had failed. I was completely astonished when we realized that we had returned with samples of rocks and plants from our destination. It was a dramatic success. It was more like a kind of teleportation.

“What’s more, time was distorted somehow. We felt we were in the craft about fifteen or twenty minutes. We were told afterwards that we’d been carefully timed as having been in the craft no longer than three or four minutes. I still have no complete idea how it worked. We just built it exactly according to Carr’s instructions. Everything had to be perfect… it all had to be just so, or it he said it would not work: a kind of symbiotic state between man and machine.

“The Utron was the key to it all. Carr said it accumulated energy because of its shape, and focused it, and also responded to our conscious intentions. When we operated the machine, we didn’t work any controls. We went into a kind of meditative state and all three of us focused our intentions on the effect we wanted to achieve. It sounds ridiculous, I know. But that’s what we did, and that’s what worked. Carr had tapped into some principle which is not understood, in which consciousness melds with engineering to create an effect. You can’t write that into equations. I have no idea how he knew it would work. But it did.

“…there are two secrets to making the alien saucers work. One is their advanced engineering, and the other is their mental ability.”
“I’ve lost count of the number of people who have refused to believe what happened. I no longer talk about it. It’s no fun being laughed at and ridiculed. But I’ve described it exactly as it occurred. One day someone will build the disk just as we did and they’ll have the same experience. All his blueprints still exist. Nowadays, it would all be done with digital and solid state circuitry – no moving parts would be necessary.

“I’ve heard that the aliens use the same principle to operate their craft. Their physics seems to work in harness with their consciousness. The craft amplifies the power of their minds. Their craft won’t operate without the pilots. I’ve heard that’s why we can’t operate their craft – or, at any rate, we can’t operate them the way they do. We’re just not adept enough mentally and spiritually. So there are two secrets to making the saucers work. One is the advanced engineering, and the other is the mental and spiritual ability. We may have duplicated some of the first, but we may be a long way from the second yet.”

Source:

• http://projectcamelot.org/ralph_ring.html

Listen to the riveting testimony of Ralph Ring and if you believe him as as I do please share this information with as many others as possible through email and social networks.    It’s up to all of us to expose the lies we’ve been told on our TVs and in our schools.  We’re not going to take their lies anymore.  Trump was the first President to expose the fake news but he just cracked open the door and showed a tiny bit of truth.  Now it’s time for all of us to kick in the door with millions of boots!   Keep spreading the truth out there patriots!  

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/v3/ }

23-04-2019 om 21:43 geschreven door peter  

Saturn occultation by the moon captured from South Africa

Stunning footage reveals the moment the moon appears to SWALLOW Saturn before it re-emerges almost two hours later on March 29, 2019.

A space phenomenon which saw the moon 'swallow' the gas giant Saturn has been captured in stunning footage.

The bizarre event saw the ringed planet eventually re-emerge from the other side of the moon - completing a process called occultation.

This celestial event lasted for 1 hour 44 minutes and was captured by photographer Cory Schmitz in Johannesburg.

Schmitz: The raw view through my planetary imaging telescope from South Africa of the Saturn conjunction and occultation by Earth's moon on March 29, 2019.

Telescope: GSO 12" Ritchey Chretien (RC) Mount: Celestron CGEM-DX Camera: ASI290MM + color filter wheel.

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

23-04-2019 om 21:23 geschreven door peter  

Alien Base Found On Earths Moon In NASA Archive! April 2019, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: April 23, 2019
Location of discovery: Earths moon
Source photo: 

• http://wms.lroc.asu.edu/lroc/view_lroc/LRO-L-LROC-2-EDR-V1.0/M158307753RE
  

I found this white structure in a NASA moon photo last night and just wanted to share it with everyone. The structure has 90 degree angles and you can also see its incredible thickness. This is a ship and a building combined. It wasn't designed for looking sporty or for battle, but instead appears to be made mostly for being a mobile home of sorts, able to move from planet to moon at a whim. A lot of people say these are mining structure, but I honestly don't think that aliens need this many mining structures and I never see dug out hole areas, like earths mines make. What its doing and if anyone is still occupying it...we may never know. 
Scott C. Waring

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

23-04-2019 om 20:59 geschreven door peter  

TR3B Military Experimental Craft Sighted Over Manitoba, Canada On April 21, 2019, Video UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: April 21, 2019

Location of sighting: Manitoba, Canada

 

This particular UFO appears to deliberately move down into the cover of the clouds. The fact that we see a grey metallic surface makes me wonder...usually alien UFOs have up a shield when hiding...which is usually semi transparent. I do not see that here. Nor are they taking on the color of the cloud, which is odd, because the shield around the craft should be reflecting a similar color on purpose. I think this is a USAF TR3B experimental craft or one of the evolutions of that craft. Its appearance makes me think its a pilot from a secret military base who decided to see if he could get away with flying over a populated area. I have known many pilots in my day when I was in the USAF and painted B1 and B2 bombers. Right now I have a friend who is a general in Taiwans DOD who is a F16 fighter pilot. The pilots do get cocky, because its just a lot of awesome power for one person to have. So, I think this is just an USAF experimental craft with alien tech propulsion in it. 

Scott C. Waring-Taiwan

 

Video states: 

When Meem Bercier & Teo where driving on the way out of a town called The Pas in Manitoba they noticed this shiny silver Craft. She managed to film this clip before as Meem states "we watched it go up our Main Street."

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

23-04-2019 om 20:52 geschreven door peter  

Glowing Orb UFO During Sunset In Slovakia, April 19, 2019, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: April 19, 2019
Location of sighting: Slovakia

This UFO orb was recorded by Martin Mikuas of Youtube this week. The orb seems to be semi translucent and has an ever changing opal surface. These UFO orbs are seen around the world and could be any size from a baseball to a 747 size. I personally have seen both sizes close up, so I know such things exist. Outstanding catch. 
Scott C. Waring

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

23-04-2019 om 20:28 geschreven door peter  

Family Freaks Out Watching UFO Over Home In Thorton, Colorado, April 13, 2019, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: April 13, 2019
Location of sighting: Thorton, Colorado, USA

Watch this video and listen to the father holding the camera while trying to keep the children around him calm. The family is taking about the UFO after seeing it fly into a cloud to hide. The UFO obviously sensed that it had been spotted, because it stayed there for a few seconds, the decide to leave to a larger cloud. Thats when the family really got excited and everyone knew from its speed, color and shape that it was an alien craft. You can hear one kid yelling, "where you going UFO?" 

This type of UFO is the most common in the Colorado Rockies area. White balls of light that change shape and direction fast. They are frequently seen almost on a monthly basis moving through the sky and mountain tops. 

Also the fact that its sunset, which is the #1 most common time to see a UFO due to the fact that anything flying will have the reflection of the sun bouncing off it at a 90 degree angle causing it to light up like a roman candle. 

This sighting is 100% real, and I am very excited I finally get a decent video of the Colorado UFOs. Famous for their white ball shape that changes shape and moves many times faster than a jet, changing directions suddenly. 
Scott C. Waring

23-04-2019 om 20:20 geschreven door peter  

Meteorite impacts are squeezing water from the moon

 BY MIHAI ANDREI

Small meteorite impacts are releasing water from the Moon’s subsurface, a new study finds. Researchers now believe that a small amount of water can be found beneath the lunar surface, dating from the early days of the satellite’s evolution.

When the Apollo missions brought back samples from the moon, researchers analyzed them and found that the moon was formed without any native water. However, a decade ago, trace amounts of water were discovered in the lunar non-polar areas, and recent observations by Cassini, Deep Impact, Lunar Prospector, and Chandrayaan-1 indicate the existence of an active water cycle on the Moon. In addition, an enhanced concentration of hydrogen, which seems to indicate larger water ice deposits in the permanently shadowed craters of the poles was detected by the Lunar Prospector Neutron Spectrometer (LPNS).

Researchers have attributed the origin of the water to solar wind and meteorites, but even so, it’s unclear why the water appears on the lunar surface in some places. In a new study published in Nature Geoscience, researchers propose a new cause for this: meteorites.

The lunar water cycle as proposed in the study. The cycle relies on a desiccated layer overlaying hydrated soils. Hydrogen from solar wind is the main source of water production. Synthesized water diffuses vertically, and can be sequestered in the hydrated layer or lost at the surface.

Image credits: Benna et al / Nature Geoscience.

Researchers led by NASA’ Mehdi Benna found that the timing of 29 water releases is associated with the Moon encountering known meteorite impacts. The study also suggests that a very small amount of water is pervasive in the lunar subsoil, where it was preserved from early in the Moon’s history. When meteorites whack the lunar surface, the impact brings out some of this water.

“We show that water release from meteoroid impacts is indicative of a lunar surface that has a desiccated soil layer of several centimetres on top of uniformly hydrated soil. We infer that the Moon is currently in the process of losing water that was either delivered long ago or present at its formation.”

According to their calculations, the uniformly present at concentrations up to about 0.05%. However, the water pushed outside is lost and never recovered by the moon. Researchers estimate that a total of 200 tonnes of water are lost every year.

These findings may lay the groundwork for future investigation into the origin and fate of water on the Moon, and might also be useful in the potential establishment of a human colony on the moon.

• The study “Lunar soil hydration constrained by exospheric water liberated by meteoroid impacts” by Benna et al. has been published in Nature Geoscience. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-019-0345-3

{ https://www.zmescience.com/ }

23-04-2019 om 01:38 geschreven door peter  

Ancient Aliens: Did our ancestors receive help from extraterrestrial visitors?

by Verona Jones

Archeologists are finding ancient ruins all across the globe, but the technology used to build these sites is much more advanced than scientists expected. In fact, these ancient builders used techniques that the builders of today would have a hard time reproducing. Find out more in our Ancient Aliens recap.

In various episodes of Ancient Aliens, modern-day experts have reviewed some of the ancient sites that still have us bewildered. They’ve commented on the complex architectural designs and compared the technology that was available in ancient times with the advancements available today—and apparently—not everything adds up.

It becomes readily apparent to viewers almost immediately that building these temples would be difficult even with today’s technological achievements. The Ancient Aliens experts, however, believe our ancestors had a much deeper understanding of both building techniques and aeronautical technologies than we do today—thanks in part to help from extraterrestrials

.

Theorists suspect the source of that knowledge came from alien astronauts visiting earth from another galaxy.  One cannot help but wonder if there really had been extraterrestrial involvement in our ancestor’s increased technological knowledge. And since we cannot re-create today what our ancestors built ages ago, then how on earth were they able to build these cities using only the rough tools available to them in their era?

Sites like Monte Alban—an ancient city in Oaxaca, Mexico—was at one time the center of the Zapotec culture from the 1st century BC to the 8th century AD. What makes this city so fascinating is the architecture of the ruins left behind.

    the ‘Saqqara Bird’

  some of the Quimbaya figurines

  Jupiter of Olympus

The blocks used to build Monte Alban were cut and molded to specific mathematical equations. Those blocks were then stacked so tightly together that the gaps between the boulders were minute. Such accuracy is difficult by even today’s standards so how was it possible for our ancestor’s using less than basic tools?

Another example of unexplained ancient archeology can be found in the Temple of Jupiter which is located in Baalbek, Lebanon. It is a two-thousand-year-old temple dedicated to the King of Gods himself: Jupiter of Olympus.

The temple is deemed unique for its grand concrete pillars, mainly because the structure is set atop three-thousand-ton stone blocks. To put this image in a better perspective—the pillars of Stonehenge weigh about a fortieth of that. So, how were they lifted and how were they moved to the site?

The pillars cut from pink granite was supposedly brought in from the Aswan quarry in Egypt over nine hundred miles away. This begs the question of how three-thousand-ton granite pillars were transported across the 900-mile stretch?

It would take two trucks pulling and five trucks pushing a single thousand-ton stone block using today’s technology just for one block—imagine transporting three granite pillars—using old-fashioned technology.

Ancient scientists discovered the power of flight thousands of years ago

In addition to mastering advanced building techniques, our ancestors also seemed to have mastered the power of flight.

In 1898, a carved wooden bird on a stick is discovered in a tomb in Saqqara, Egypt. What is interesting about the discovery is that it doesn’t look like a bird. Its looks more like a model plane, because it doesn’t have feathers or a tail but what looks like a plane rudder or elevator.

There were hieroglyphs on the model that read ‘Gift of Amon’ and it was found with three papyrus scripts that included the phrase “I want to fly.” The Saqqara bird is 2200 years old. Yet, Egypt didn’t have that technology back then or did they? If they did? Where did the bird come from? And what was the reference used to carve it?

Ancient Aliens

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Flying from Egypt across the Atlantic Ocean over 7,000 miles away to Tolima, Columbia. Dozens of two-inch gold figurines called the Quimbaya (Tolima) airplanes were discovered in a grave. What is amazing is that the figurines not only looked like modern jet fighters, but they were also aerodynamically correct.

Two German aeronautical engineers, Peter Belting and Conrad Lubbers built larger scaled versions of the figurines in 1994. They didn’t change any of the figurines physical characteristics when they built the larger versions of the figurines. They just wanted to show that figurines were aerodynamically correct. Which was proven when they were able to make the model planes fly.

Where did the Tolima’s get their knowledge of flying machines and how did they know how to build them? Did these culture’s develop this knowledge independently and somehow we lost a chapter in our developmental history? Or did our ancestors receive help from ancient astronauts?

Further evidence can be found in the Kebra Nagast, an Ethiopian translation of Solomon’s dynasty. In it, the scripture mentions King Solomon flying in a magic carpet 60-feet-wide by 60-feet-long. He apparently, even gave the Queen of Sheba her very own flying carpet.

According to the Kebra Nagast, he routinely flew to different locations on his magic carpet. This is the concept for the magic flying carpets in the Arabian nights’ stories that are told today—which may be an accurate depiction of Solomon’s special aircraft.

• RELATED STORY: Killing Eve renewed for Season 3

Theories aside, we’re still no closer to learning where this flying carpet come from and whether or not Solomon pilot the craft himself? Either way, this ancient tale raises a whole slew of new questions.

What are your thoughts on ancient architectural design and Solomon’s mysterious flying machine? Let us know in the comments section below.

Ancient Aliens is currently streaming on Hulu. For more on this History series, follow us on the Hulu Watcher Twitter Account @HuluWatcherFS or on the Hulu Watcher Facebook Page.

{ https://fansided.com/ }

23-04-2019 om 01:20 geschreven door peter  

• On Sunday, an unverified video on Twitter claimed to show the space capsule exploding during the test.
• Visit BusinessInsider.com for more stories.

A test of the emergency escape system for SpaceX's new spacecraft designed to carry NASA astronauts into orbit went awry on Saturday, and an unverified video making the rounds on Twitter claims to show just how bad the anomaly was.

On Saturday afternoon, SpaceX attempted a static-fire test of the emergency abort system on its new Crew Dragon space capsule, which is intended for use by NASA's Commercial Crew program to ferry astronauts to and from the International Space Station.

Saturday's test, however, did not go as planned. According to a statement from SpaceX:

"Earlier today, SpaceX conducted a series of engine tests on a Crew Dragon test vehicle on our test stand at Landing Zone 1 in Cape Canaveral, Florida. The initial tests completed successfully but the final test resulted in an anomaly on the test stand.

Ensuring that our systems meet rigorous safety standards and detecting anomalies like this prior to flight are the main reasons why we test. Our teams are investigating and working closely with our NASA partners."

According to Spaceflight Now, the test "sent a reddish-orange plume into the sky visible for miles around," suggesting a fairly serious malfunction of the engine systems.

On Sunday, an unverified video circulated on Twitter claiming to show the results of that test. The video appears to show a large explosion in the capsule several seconds in:

When asked about the video, SpaceX simply pointed to the statement about Saturday's test.

Saturday's test followed a successful test flight of an uncrewed Crew Dragon capsule in early March. The vehicle, carrying a human-sized dummy nicknamed "Ripley" and a plush globe-shaped toy that quickly sold out back on Earth, successfully docked with the International Space Station, and safely splashed down in the Atlantic Ocean after its six-day mission, marking a significant milestone in the development of new American human-rated spacecraft.

• This post will be updated with any further information on the test from SpaceX.

{ https://www.businessinsider.com/ }

23-04-2019 om 00:58 geschreven door peter  

World’s BIGGEST ever plane makes maiden flight with wingspan bigger than a football pitch

THE WORLD’S biggest plane has made its maiden flight as it swooped overhead with its wingspan larger than a football pitch.

By Henry Holloway 

Massive rocket plane Stratolaunch stretched her wings for the very first time after resuming testingearlier this month in Nevada.

She made history as she taxied down the runaway and took to the bright blue skies.

Stratolaunch is the largest plane ever to take flight – with a record-breaking 385-foot wingspan.

And her maiden flight comes after the death of Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen, the founder of Stratolaunch Systems.

{ https://www.dailystar.co.uk/ }

23-04-2019 om 00:26 geschreven door peter