Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS NEARLY 13 YEARS AND 4 MONTH.
ON /30/09/2024 MORE THAN 2.230.520
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
09-06-2020
A Former FBI Agent Reveals the Real X-Files
A Former FBI Agent Reveals the Real X-Files
Beyond Belief TV Series Special… A former FBI special agent, John Desouza, may have been the real X-Files guy. He comes forward to reveal results from his investigations into paranormal phenomena, including UFO sightings and encounters with strange beings.
Even though he pushed to get to the heart of these happenings, he was met with an ever-strengthening shroud of secrecy, obscuring his work and discrediting witnesses. He explains key tactics used as part of this cover-up opera-tion, which are used in mainstream and social media whenever news of unusual events leak to the public. John DeSouza was an FBI Special Agent who maintained a Top Secret security clearance for over 25 years as he investigated paranormal experiences. During that time, he collected what he calls, the real-life X-FILES.
A media phenomenon, Coast to Coast AM deals with UFOs, strange occurrences, life after death, and other unexplained (and often inexplicable) phenomena.
It is easy to think that the latest UFO footage is going to be dull and boring. However, some people are starting to get more adventurous and take videos of UFO sightings that have actually shown a lot of detail.
The latest UFO videos that have surfaced include objects that have been turned into spherical and flying discs that were in motion when captured on video. These strange UFOs can also leave you scratching your head wondering just what the heck you are looking at.
If you are not afraid to ask for the latest UFO sighting or video of a UFO that you see it is vital that you do so. With today’s technology you may find that a photo or a video proves to be just as real as an eye-witness sighting. For instance, if a few thousand people saw a UFO at the same time then it would be hard to prove it was an accident without one of the witnesses to write down the UFO sighting at the exact moment of what they saw.
However, it is fun to take pictures of interesting things. You can take pictures of a UFO with a digital camera to add to your collection. There are tons of photos of UFO sightings around the world so don’t be shy to grab the camera and shoot!
Nowadays, with the new technologies we have we can get everything we want in photos from space. When the NASA photos were taken by their Hubble telescope they were blown up to great size and blown up like a poster on a wall. We can now zoom in on these things and make a wonderful slide show.
Nowadays, even the FAA has a webpage for videos of UFO sightings from the sky. This is also a great way to share your stories, pictures, and videos.
Since so many people are interested in UFO sightings, if you have a unique video of something strange and unexplained happen on the ground, you can submit your video to YouTube. This is a community based site that has a large community that can help you out.
You can also go to a UFO fan page and post your UFO sighting and get the word out to the masses. More people will see your video than if you just use YouTube alone.
Glowing White Orb Over Pennsylvania On June 3, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Glowing White Orb Over Pennsylvania On June 3, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: June 3, 2020, 9:05pm EST
Location of sighting: Shamokin, Pennsylvania, USA
This is a great video from Pennsylvania this week. A powerful white glowing orb was seen in the sky at 9:05pm. The light doesn't match that of any aircraft I have ever seen and is way too powerful of a light to be a drone. The glowing orb reminds me of the UFO that was seen many years ago over the holy temple of Dome of Rock in Israel. The color, intensity and size are the same. Remarkable catch. Also has similarities to the WWII foo fighter orbs.
Scott C. Waring
Eyewitness states:
Was walking south around 1000 N Pearl St, Shamokin PA with my iPhone in my right hand, listening to music. As I was walking down the hill, near the tennis courts, I noticed a very bright white light very rapidly rise from the ground up into the air and stop for approx. 30 secs. At first, I thought I would just take a pic and continue walking, but I instead realized that what I was seeing wasn't normal so I recorded a short video. I zoomed in with the video app and then centered the object into the frame. It was mostly a bright, intense globe-like white light that flickered for a short time (as seen in the video), but it also flickered green/red for a few seconds. It slowly descended back towards the ground and disappeared. As luck would have it, I received a call I was expecting and the video app stopped. I also have a picture of the object taken right as it's descending. Air traffic is very rare in this town, and this object was definitely not a helicopter or plane.
Giant Triangle UFO Seen Flying Low Over New Jersey Neighborhood, Video, May 31, 2020, UFO Sighting News.
Giant Triangle UFO Seen Flying Low Over New Jersey Neighborhood, Video, May 31, 2020, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: May 31, 2020
Location of sighting: Winslow Township, New Jersey, USA
Watch this video and you will see three glowing lights pass above the eyewitness. The lights are in a triangle formation and could actually be one large craft. The UFO is cloaked and only these lights are visible. The lights may be windows into the ship and aliens may be watching from above, or they may be part of the propulsion system. Either way, this is some remarkable footage.
Scott C Waring - Taiwan
Below is a extreme close up of one of the three orbs seen in the video above.
UFO Over Bangkok, Thailand Hiding In Cloud, Jun 4, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Over Bangkok, Thailand Hiding In Cloud, Jun 4, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: June 4, 2020 Location of sighting: Bangkok, Thailand This was posted on Instagram and its really amazing. It shows a cloaked UFO over Bangkok. The UFO is halfway out of the cloud. The pinkish colors are the setting sun rays hitting the outer hull of the ship. During sunset, UFOs that are cloaked can suddenly become visible for a few minutes. What you see here is one single large craft with a huge white cloud it made below it. It believed it was invisible to the human eye, however the setting suns angle causes this craft to become visible. Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Two partially cloaked UFOs appear and disappear over Ontario, Canada
Two partially cloaked UFOs appear and disappear over Ontario, Canada
On June 5, 2020 two partially cloaked unidentified flying objects were caught on camera over Canada. Both objects go off and on before disappearing from sight.
The photographer who was in the parking lot of the Walmart in Ontario, Canada recorded the two objects and said that more people witnessed the strange appearance in the sky, concluding that the blinking lights were by no means airplanes, helicopters or drones.
The camera is largely focused on the first UFO, but a second UFO can be seen at about 1.11 minutes in the video at the top left of the screen.
Bothell Washington – 6/6/2020 From 1930 hrs. on 6/6/2020 from the West heading slowly between 1,800 feet at it’s highest to 1000 feet as it crossed my path directly overhead moving in a Southwest direction with a duration of 8 minutes with 5 witnesses on site. Doughnut shaped metallic craft that rotated while moving on a steady heading, came from the setting sun directly overhead at 800 feet rotating with the sun visibly reflecting from the surfaces. a wider portion of open center where the sky behind was visible when the crafts orientation was “bottom side” towards my line of sight. the craft had no hard edges and was beautifully curved at its best visibility and made no noise whatsoever.
Australia UFO Visitation. At 1:15 pm on Friday 5 June I saw three objects in the sky above my remote ranch in northern South Australia. They hovered in the sky near to me for a few seconds and then flew away at unbelievable speed. I managed to take a quick photo. I’m telling you, we are not alone.
California 4 June 2020 Mount Shasta California yesterday
Springfield VA – 4 June 2020 I took this picture at 3:36 am over Springfield VA and it appears to have 2 UFO’s in the picture.
HongKong – 04/06/2020, 11:31pm 1st image shown the UFO’s light dimed a lot and the UFO out-look appeared with 2 parallel holes. I used Nikon and Sigma 400mm, Photoshop cropped photos. The last photo image is an airplane light as reference. I saw it with my 5year old son. He saw it suddently fly away with super high speed But I was checking my camera photo …
Unknown location – June 2020 I took this picture and noticed these white specs the lens on my cell phone Are clean. If you enlarge I found 11 white items yet the pics before this one and the one after do not have these.
Fayre Avenue, Fareham – 31st May 2020 I was in a family friends (Jeff) garden and he was getting his bbq ready for a bbq. I had only been there for about an hour and I saw an object coming from the area of the Spinika Tower in Portsmouth/Ports down hill way, this object in the sky was twisting and turning. It was very high up with no tail trail or noise. It had lights flashing as it was rotating changing shapes/colours. It had no noise and stayed stationary above Jeff’s house. I kept telling him to look up and eventually he did. The speed of this thing was incredible. We watched it head towards the Sun. Then it stopped. Came back nearer and started moving between the electrical power cables in the distances and it was moving at a speed neither of us has ever seen before..even when we were watching it we were ticking off what we know it wasn’t. It was the size of a double story house and we both have never seen anything like it. Did anyone else report this. Do you have any information about this please? It reminded me of a rubex cube in the way it was rotating and the lights flashing like diamonds/ oil like..very fluid. Neither of us had a phone at hand and honestly I was too stunned to move. Jeff saw this thing through his binoculars. It was black then silver..flashing lights and colours like how petrol reacts on water. It wasn’t just rotating it moved like nothing we’ve ever seen before. Did anyone else see this at about 5pm on 31st May in Fareham,Portsmouth UK???
Boston – 30MAY2020 After I stepped out of my house on the day the SpaceX dragon module was launched, I was just scouring the sky(no telescope)to see whether I could see ISS or something in the sky. But to my surprise what my wife and I witnessed was something else. I saw three objects which were reflecting lights during the sunset time, those objects were almost flying together like triangle-shaped formation. we just made sure to continue looking at them, and in a few seconds, all of them flew away in different directions. These were surely flying at cruising altitude but could be mistaken for flights. But their formation and dispersing like being tasked with something urgent as if they just had a meeting didn’t let me accept them as aircraft. The shapes of these objects were looking like small triangles from afar. No pictures could be captured, but I wished I had my camera with me. are there any such observation on this day by anyone else?, I would be curious to know.
Marshall, Missoiri – May, 29, 2020 I sat on the porch smoking then i heard a boom the street lights and everything went down for a few seconds. TheN look up and see a Small rotating red light softly move across the sky. The red light would diverge into two which would seem to rotate their lights in tandem as entangled. It moved across the sky and tracked it for about 70 seconds. Real live UFO sighting across Marshall Mo 11:58- midnight friday may 29!
Newton Abbot Devon England – 29th of May 2020 I was outside in the back garden watching the international space station pass over the area when a strange object caught my eye. I immediately zoomed in on it with my Nikon P900 camera to see what it could be, only to be surprised by what I saw. There was a silver metallic saucer that had large black tinted windows that where semicircle shaped. I counted six windows in total as the saucer rotated while it was slowly being enveloped by a cloud. I quickly took a photograph and looked on with amazement as the cloud was now totally obscuring the saucer from view. It was like the saucer had purposely formed the cloud around it self in order to remain completely undetected as it drifted high above the housing estate below. I tried to take another photograph but the camera strangely malfunction and locked up so I was unable to. I was really annoyed so I put the camera down on the garden table and just watched as the saucer hidden within the cloud slowly floated off into the distance where I unfortunately lost sight of it. The photograph was taken at 11:11 PM on the 29th of May 2020, Newton Abbot Devon England. All the best John.
NY – 27 May 2020 I spitted some in the Hudson ballet region of NY last night! Friend from Berkshire Massachusetts saw some too.
Tottenham, Ontario – May 26, 2020 around 2200Hrs Star sized flashing Red and green objet with no specific pattern. Could be red for 1 min then flash green and red then be green for 1 min. Saw it at about 45 deg over the horizon due south. Then moved straight north to then veer south east to a full stop for a few minutes. Then started to go north to disappear and reappear going north and then started to do S. Stop North at about 45 deg over the horizon. I tried to take a picture with my phone but was way too small to be captured. I tried to zoom but was just a big blur.
Cornwall Ontario may 21st 2020 My backyard
Halifax, Canada – may 8th Hello I witnessed a UFO in the early hours of may 8th. The object was a shaoeshifting orb of light. Shape shifting .It moved in irregular patterns it also seamed to be scanning with some intense light. To the naked eye there was rays of light coming out of it but on the video the object Is just morphing. Ok it’s pretty wild a shapeshifting orb of light. First I’ve ever seen where I can’t actually explain what it could be. These where takin out my bedroom window with my phone. Very bizarre I wish I had a better camera man the object was morphing like a ball of light. Almost like a plasma ball.. And it would disappear on my camera but I could always see it with my eyes. I’m going to try and contact Chris rutkowski. He is a prominent in Canada
Amazônia – On October 13, 2013; at 10:45 pm; I see a black ovini without lights (triangular in the front and the wings were in the shape of a boomerang) it had the wingspan of a boing, it passed at low altitude very slowly and without any noise … it came from the south direction and went to the west direction from the Amazon … In 1998 I had yet another more intriguing contact, I was at the window near the yard smoking a cigarette and there was no light; when a fetish of light touched the backyard soil, which at the moment was like a very white room, an unusual white; out of that beam of light, another one comes out in the form of (zzzzzz) I continue to the window when that light spoke in my mind we are not going to do any harm; in seconds I was scared and that continuous zzzzzzz shape came back to the other shape and that light goes out at high speed and the backyard went back to the normal backyard shape. I know what you see and I know it wasn’t something human. ..
These lights were caught on tape ²over Pachuca de Soto, the capital and largest city of the Mexican state of Hidalgo back in 2019 (12th July) but it was just today uploaded to MUFON website.
Witness report:
Objects in formation, with a specific pattern, the observer refers to “A great Ship formed by the lights or objects in the sky”. Strange lights that have flashing light.
Chicxulub collision put Earth’s crust in hot water for over a million years
Chicxulub collision put Earth’s crust in hot water for over a million years
Asteroid crater on the Yucatán peninsula reveals surprising new geologic details
About 66 million years ago, an asteroid slammed into Earth at what is now Chicxulub, on Mexico’s Yucatán peninsula (illustrated). In addition to triggering a mass extinction, the impact sent superheated water cycling deep into the crust.
The asteroid that slammed into Earth 66 million years ago left behind more than a legacy of mass destruction. That impact also sent superheated seawater swirling through the crust below for more than a million years, chemically overhauling the rocks. Similar transformative hydrothermal systems, left in the wake of powerful impacts much earlier in Earth’s history, may have been a crucible for early microbial life on Earth, researchers report May 29 in Science Advances.
The massive Chicxulub crater on Mexico’s Yucatán peninsula is the fingerprint of a killer, probably responsible for the destruction of more than 75 percent of life on Earth, including all nonbird dinosaurs (SN: 1/25/17). In 2016, a team of scientists made a historic trek to the partially submerged crater, drilling deep into the rock to study the crime scene from numerous angles.
One of those researchers was planetary scientist David Kring of the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Houston. A dozen years earlier, Kring had found evidence at Chicxulub that the layers of rock bearing the signs of impact — telltale features such as shocked quartz and melted spherules — were subsequently cut through by veins of newer minerals such as quartz and anhydrite. Such veins, Kring thought, suggest that hot hydrothermal fluids had been circulating beneath Chicxulub some time after the impact.
Hydrothermal systems can occur where Earth is tectonically active, such as where tectonic plates pull the seafloor apart, or where mantle plumes like the one beneath Yellowstone rise up into the crust. The molten rock rising through the crust in these regions superheats water already circulating within the crust.
But the Yucatán peninsula is tectonically quiescent, and has been for 66 million years, Kring says. So, as part of the International Ocean Discovery Program’s Expedition 364 to Chicxulub, he and colleagues drilled 1,335 meters below the ring of the crater, retrieving long cores of sediment and rock.
The team then analyzed the minerals found in the cores. “It was immediately obvious that they had been hydrothermally altered. It was pervasive and apparent,” Kring says. The intense heat of the circulating seawater caused chemical reactions within the rock, transforming some minerals into others. By identifying the different types of minerals, the team determined that the initial temperature of the fluids was more than 300° Celsius, later cooling to about 90° C.
The chemically altered rocks beneath the crater extended down about four or five kilometers below the crater’s peak ring, a circular, mountainous region within the vast crater. The hydrothermally altered zone covers a volume more than nine times that of the Yellowstone Caldera system, Kring says. Paleomagnetic data suggest that the hydrothermal system lasted for more than a million years.
A core of rock and sediment extracted from within the Chicxulub impact crater revealed centimeter-sized cavities within the rocks containing hydrothermally altered minerals. Here, tiny cavities within impact breccia — a type of rock formed of broken fragments cemented together by fine-grained sediment — contain analcime (transparent crystals), which forms at temperatures around 200° Celsius and dachiardite (red crystals), which forms at temperatures around 250° C.D. KRING
Those conditions, the researchers say, may have also been capable of fostering life akin to the extremophiles that thrive in Yellowstone’s boiling pools. In addition to the metal-rich fluids that could provide an energy source for microbes, the Chicxulub cores revealed that the rocks were both porous and permeable — in other words, filled with interconnected nooks and crannies that could have been cozy shelters for microbes.
“It looks like a perfect habitat,” Kring says.
Kring has previously suggested that the very same destructive impacts that annihilate life may also create appealing habitats — not just on Earth, but potentially on other planetary bodies such as Mars. Even more tantalizing is the possibility that hydrothermal systems, engendered beneath ancient impacts, may have been where life on Earth began (SN: 3/1/13).
Evidence from lunar craters suggests that Earth was heavily bombarded by asteroids about 3.9 billion years ago (SN: 10/18/04). Most of those more ancient craters on Earth have long since vanished or been altered by the constant tectonic recycling of Earth’s surface (SN: 12/18/18). So the hydrothermal system beneath Chicxulub offers a window into what such systems might have actually looked like much deeper in the past, says geophysicist Norman Sleep of Stanford University, who was not involved in the study. “It shows the reality of the process,” Sleep says.
The new study may set the stage for the possibility of life thriving beneath an impact. But whether a microbial cast of characters was actually present beneath Chicxulub is a question for future studies, Kring says.
“Let me be clear: This paper has no evidence of microbial life,” Kring says. “We just have all the properties of hydrothermal systems that do support life elsewhere on Earth.”
Ancient environments that provided water, chemical building blocks and energy “are very promising candidates for hosting [life’s] origins and early evolution,” says NASA astrobiologist David Des Marais, who was not involved in the study. Impact-generated hydrothermal systems aren’t the only such environments; researchers have also made a compelling case for hot springs, Des Marais says.
That’s an ongoing debate, he notes, adding “I consider hydrothermal systems to be highly promising exploration targets for astrobiology.”
A Milky Way flash implicates magnetars as a source of fast radio bursts
A Milky Way flash implicates magnetars as a source of fast radio bursts
High-energy event nearby could help explain mystery signals from distant galaxies
A bright radio burst generated by a magnetar (one illustrated) in our galaxy hints that similar objects are responsible for at least some of the fast radio bursts in other galaxies, which have puzzled astronomers for over a decade.
Astronomers think they’ve spotted the first example of a superbright blast of radio waves, called a fast radio burst, originating within the Milky Way.
Dozens of these bursts have been sighted in other galaxies — all too far away to see the celestial engines that power them (SN: 2/7/20). But the outburst in our own galaxy, detected simultaneously by two radio arrays on April 28, was close enough to see that it was generated by a highly magnetic neutron star called a magnetar.
That observation is a smoking gun that magnetars are behind at least some of the extragalactic fast radio bursts, or FRBs, that have defied explanation for over a decade (SN: 7/25/14). Researchers describe the magnetar’s radio burst online at arXiv.org on May 20 and May 21.
“When I first heard about it, I thought, ‘No way. Too good to be true,’” says Ben Margalit, an astrophysicist at the University of California, Berkeley, who wasn’t involved in the observations. “Just, wow. It’s really an incredible discovery.”
In addition to giving magnetars an edge over other proposed explanations for FRBs, such as those involving black holes and stellar collisions, observations of this Milky Way magnetar may clear up a debate among theorists about how magnetars crank out such powerful radio waves.
Researchers first noted an intense radio outburst from a young, active magnetar about 30,000 light-years away, dubbed SGR 1935+2154, in an astronomer’s telegram. The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment, or CHIME, radio telescope in British Columbia had detected about 30 decillion, or 3 × 1034 ergs of energy from the burst. That was far brighter than any flash of radio waves previously seen from any of the five magnetars in and around the Milky Way known to emit radio pulses.
That report inspired another group of astronomers to check concurrent data from the Survey for Transient Astronomical Radio Emission 2, or STARE2, detectors in the southwestern United States. STARE2, which watches the sky for radio signals at a different set of frequencies than CHIME, measured a whopping 2.2 × 1035 ergs from the burst.
“This thing put out, in a millisecond, as much energy as the sun puts out in 100 seconds,” says Caltech astronomer Vikram Ravi, who was on the team that analyzed the STARE2 data. That made this event 4,000 times as energetic as the brightest millisecond radio pulse ever seen in the Milky Way. If such an intense burst had happened in a nearby galaxy, it would have looked just like a fast radio burst.
“I was basically in shock,” says radio astronomer Christopher Bochenek of Caltech, who combed through the STARE2 data to find the burst. “It took me a while, and a call to a friend, to calm me down enough to go and make sure that this thing was actually real.”
The weakest FRB that has been observed in another galaxy was still about 40 times more energetic than SGR 1935+2154’s radio flare. But that’s “pretty close, on astronomical terms,” says Keith Bannister, a radio astronomer at Australia’s Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization in Sydney, who was not involved in the work. Magnetars like this “could be responsible for some fraction, if not all of the FRBs that we’ve seen so far,” he says. “This motivates future studies to try and find similar sorts of objects in other, nearby galaxies.”
If magnetars do generate extragalactic FRBs, then SGR 1935+2154 could give new insight about how these objects do it. Theorists currently have many competing ideas about magnetar FRBs, Margalit says. Some think the FRB radio waves originate right in the thick of the star’s intense magnetic fields. Others suspect radio waves are emitted when matter ejected from the magnetar collides with material farther out in space.
Different magnetar FRB scenarios come with different predictions about the appearance of X-rays that should be emitted along with the radio waves. Extragalactic FRBs are so far away that “the X-rays are kind of hopeless to detect,” Margalit says. But SGR 1935+2154 is close enough that spaceborne detectors saw a gush of X-rays from the magnetar at the same time as the radio burst. A closer look at the brightness, timing and frequency of those X-rays could help theorists evaluate magnetar FRB models, Margalit says.
If you’d travel back in time four billion years ago, you would surely be shocked by what you’d see around you — through the visor of a life-support suit you’d need to survive.
Instead of peaceful blue skies and an oxygen-rich atmosphere, the Earth is covered in a haze of noxious fumes, seas of lava, and a never-ending onslaught of asteroid and meteorite impacts. Welcome to the Hadean Earth!
Fittingly, this geological era was named after Hades, the Greek god of the underworld, and also the Hebrew word for hell. Perhaps the most chilling realization is that there are no lifeforms to speak of, not even the tiny microscopic bacteria.
Is this truly hell?
Well, almost. In a puddle of bubbling liquid nearby, inconspicuous amino acids are assembling into proteins, which will eventually give rise to the first single-celled organisms. But where did these amino acids come from?
The origin of life is perhaps the most debated existential question out there, known for giving scientists and philosophers angst and headaches for centuries. Today, the consensus seems to be that the emergence of amino acids can be pinned down to either endogenous formation or extraterrestrial delivery via meteorites.
It this latter scenario that Japanese researchers at Tohoku University, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), the Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), and Osaka University have explored by simulating the chemical reactions involved when a meteorite crashes into the ocean.
Single stage propellant gun used for the simulation of impact-induced reactions. Credit: Yoshihiro Furukawa.
Using a complex experimental setup that employed more carbon dioxide and nitrogen in order to mimic the Hadean atmosphere, the researchers fired a single stage propellant gun to simulate the impact of an iron-rich meteorite.
Strikingly, these environmental conditions and the force of impact triggered chemical reactions that led to the formation of amino acids such as glycine and alanine, the main building blocks of proteins.
“Making organic molecules form reduced compounds like methane and ammonia are not difficult, but they are regarded as minor components in the atmosphere at that time,” Yoshihiro Furukawa, a researcher at Tohoku University and the corresponding author of the new study, said in a statement.
“The finding of amino acid formation from carbon dioxide and molecular nitrogen demonstrates the importance in making life’s building blocks from these ubiquitous compounds,” he added.
It’s quite likely that carbon dioxide and nitrogen were also major constituent gases of Mars’ ancient atmosphere. Up until two billion years ago, Mars hosted oceans of liquid water and may have been very much Earth-like. If Mars ever harbored life, the same essential building blocks may have been seeded similarly to how it may have happened on Earth — at the very least, the new study shows that such a scenario is plausible.
If we all got together and started Earth over, winding time back to the moment right after the land cooled from hot magma and giant meteor showers stopped devastating the planet, would life rise again on this planet? And would that life ever become intelligent?
A new paper published May 18 in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences offers an answer: Life likely spawns quickly and easily under Earth-like conditions. But intelligent life is probably rare and slow to emerge, suggesting it might not re-appear.
Some reports have suggested this paper is about the odds of intelligent life emerging beyond our planet — alien life and alien civilizations. But the author, David Kipping, a Columbia University astronomer, kept his focus on Earth itself. His paper leaves questions about other planets unanswered. He used a statistical method called Bayesian analysis to study the handful of data points available, landing on the conclusion that we're probably lucky to exist at all.
There are two main approaches to statistics, said Pauline Barmby, an astronomer at the University of Western Ontario who wasn't involved with Kipping's paper: frequentist and Bayesian. When news networks announce who just won a presidential election, meteorologists predict the weather, and public health officials estimate coronavirus infection rates from limited samples, they're usually using frequentist approaches. In other words, they use the limited information they have to judge what the truth about the world most likely is. Bayesian analysis more closely resembles the way human beings actually think.
"Bayesian analysis is just a way of describing and updating beliefs — or information content — when you see some piece of data," said Will Farr, an astrophysicist at Stony Brook University in New York, who also wasn't involved in Kipping's paper.
For instance: How likely am I to make a free-throw this time, given that I've missed the last 20 times I tried? What about if I missed the last 50? The approach forces researchers to examine the assumptions involved in the questions they're asking and their confidence in those assumptions, Barmby said.
We're very lucky
Kipping's paper took the handful of data points that have been collected on how long it took life and intelligence to emerge on Earth, as well as estimates of how long Earth will be habitable based on the sun's life cycle. He then used a Bayesian approach to figure out the odds on whether each event is a "rapid process" or a "slow and rare scenario."
If life's emergence from inanimate stuff ("abiogenesis") was fast, we'd expect that on an Earth rewound and rerun, life would probably happen at some point in our planet's billions of habitable years, Kipping wrote. But if that emergence was slow, life might have been a lucky break. The same caveats apply to the emergence of intelligence.
Kipping worked with a few data points:
We know that Earth became habitable about 4.21 billion years ago. That's after the lost planet Theia (and possibly another impactor known as "Moneta" 40 million years later) slammed into the ancient proto-Earth 4.51 billion years ago, wrecking the surface and forming our moon. It took about 300 million years after that cataclysm for liquid water and an atmosphere to return.
Strong evidence of life on Earth — microfossils in rocks — goes back 3.465 billion years, or about 745 million years after the planet became habitable. There's also a more controversial hint of life — bits of carbon with missing isotopes in zircon deposits — going back to just 304 million years after habitability, according to Kipping.
Intelligent life — humans, in Kipping's paper — came much later. Homo sapiens emerged in the last half-million years, so recently that we're just a rounding error on that 4.21 billion year timescale.
We're likely living in the last fifth of Earth's habitable history. Astronomers believe that in the next billion years, the sun will get so bright that the resulting energy will speed up the rate at which rocks pull carbon dioxide (CO2) out of the atmosphere (some rocks do this today, just more slowly). Once atmospheric CO2 drops below 10 parts per million, plants will die off, the food chain will collapse, and only microbes will survive. At that point, Kipping assumed, if intelligent life hadn't yet emerged it would have been too late.
Isabelle Winder, a biologist, archaeologist and expert in primate and human evolution at Bangor University in the United Kingdom — who wasn't involved in Kipping's research — said his history of life on Earth is basically correct.
Still, that's not a lot of data, certainly not enough for frequentist analysis. (We've only run one "Earth" experiment, and have no other similar planets to compare ourselves to yet.) But a Bayesian analysis offers some clarity.
Using a model that Farr and Barmby said appeared well-designed and rigorous, Kipping arrived at some numbers: There are better than 3-to-1 odds that "abiogenesis is indeed a rapid process versus a slow and rare scenario," Kipping wrote, "but 3:2 odds that intelligence may be rare."
Run Earth's history over again, and there's a decent change that we, or creatures like us, never emerge.
So what? "What you have is: Life emerged a few hundred million or maybe almost a billion years after Earth stopped being bombarded with massive objects. Humans showed up close to the 4-billion-year mark. And Earth will probably be habitable for another billion years or so," Farr said. "That is absolutely useful information. You might ask, if those numbers stayed the same, but Earth was orbiting a different type of star, [how would that change things?]"
That's relevant to an ongoing debate in astronomy around "M-dwarf" stars, Farr said — stars of a type much more common than our sun's, which might support habitable planets for tens of billions of years longer than our sun will. These M-dwarf stars, however, are also possibly too prone to radioactive flares that would likely sandblast life off those planets' surfaces.
Still, Farr said, Kipping's paper should be understood as mostly about Earth, not alien life.
"If you want to generalize about aliens, you have to do a lot of work that's not done in the paper, and explicitly avoided in the paper for good reason; it's much more speculative," Farr said. "You asked me if any of the numbers in the paper are subjective or if they're objective. And to do that work, to generalize to aliens, you're going to introduce lots of subjective things."
But Kipping's paper is a very good statistical analysis of the very limited information we do have about our planet alone, Farr said.
The meaning of life
While Kipping's paper makes reasonable assumptions and simplifications about how life works, it's important to recognize that they are assumptions and simplifications, Winder said. Sure, intelligent life probably can emerge only some time after life itself, and life itself probably requires a habitable planet, and so on.
But Kipping's paper only looks at when life first emerged and when intelligence first emerged after the planet became habitable, Winder said. The paper doesn't care if life and intelligent life emerged more than once, though they might have. The paper also doesn't care what form those life-forms take. That's reasonable for the purposes of making a mathematical model, she said. But the details of what habitability, life and intelligence look like are trickier than the paper suggests, she said.
Before the Cambrian explosion 541 million years ago, life was relatively simple. For billions of years, the fossil record suggests Earth was inhabited by just individual cells or small colonies. Then, during the Cambrian explosion, life rapidly diversified. Within tens of millions of years, nearly every current animal body plan (including that of vertebrates) emerged.
And hordes of creatures with body plans totally unlike anything seen today also flourished, suggesting alternative, alien-seeming evolutionary routes that life might have taken. Then, a massive extinction event 488 million years ago wiped out much of that diversity of life, narrowing animal life down to what we see today.
Kipping's paper addresses the issue by abstracting it away, Winder said. In whatever manner intelligence develops in an Earth rerun, his model only cares about the first time it emerges. And it assumes that so far on this Earth, it's happened only once, with humans. Very likely, she said, the common ancestors of humans and other apes might meet our definitions of intelligence. And we don't know for sure, she said, that intelligence has emerged only once on Earth. If Earth were rerun, the results might be so different from our current reality that we'd have trouble recognizing "intelligence."
"My impression from looking at evolution and the history of life is that very rarely do you get things happening once," she said. "You get multiple origins for eyes, for instance. You get multiple ways of making a living. You possibly get multiple taxa coming up out of the water onto the land. I would think the probability of it happening again in the same way as vanishingly small."
She pointed out that the paper more or less defines an intelligent species as a species capable of writing papers like this. Astronomers in general, Barmby said, tend to define intelligent life as "other astronomers" — species that might send radio signals into space, for example, and hunt for radio waves themselves.
There are reasonable definitions of intelligence, Winder said, that suggest it's emerged more than once just among creatures alive today on Earth, in such creatures as dolphins, whales and cephalopods, or squid, she said.
Traits such as language, tool use, and the capacity to think about oneself aren't unique to humans. Whenever scientists define certain types of mental abilities as uniquely human, some animal is eventually found that have those abilities.
It would be interesting, she said, to see how Kipping's model would change if it had to account for that complexity, she said. In this model, intelligence would be treated as something that's emerged more than once on Earth to various extents and an unknown number of times. She also asked how the model would change if it treated intelligence as having emerged earlier in humanity's evolutionary history than it does now.
This second point — the exact date of intelligence appearing in human history — doesn't matter that much to his model, Kipping told Live Science. Give or take a couple hundred million years, the conclusions are pretty much the same — just as they don't change much based on the debate about when precisely life emerged in Earth's history.
As for whether it would change his model to introduce uncertainty about how many times intelligence evolved, he said, "Here it will matter, and frankly I can't give you a simple answer without repeating a complicated series of numerical integrations."
But given that the odds of intelligence emerging aren't so long, Kipping said it probably still shouldn't matter much.
"I mean it's a slight preference, but obviously not a slam dunk significance preference, so however you define intelligence, it's going to remain fairly ambiguous and diffuse," he said.
As for whether intelligent life is out there elsewhere in the universe, that remains a "grand mystery," he wrote in the paper.
His paper didn't address, for example, whether intelligent civilizations that do emerge tend to survive or quickly kill themselves off. (Our own isn't old enough to offer answers one way or another.) The best thing to do, Kipping said, is to keep looking for hints of intelligent life out there.
Astronomers have discovered an activity cycle in another fast radio burst, potentially unearthing a significant clue about these mysterious deep-space phenomena.
Fast radio bursts, or FRBs, are extragalactic flashes of light that pack a serious wallop, unleashing in a few milliseconds as much energy as Earth's sun does in a century. Scientists first spotted an FRB in 2007, and the cause of these eruptions remains elusive nearly a decade and a half later; potential explanations range from merging superdense neutron stars to advanced alien civilizations.
More than 100 FRBs have been discovered to date, and most of them are one-offs, flaring up just a single time (as far as we know). In January of this year, astronomers reported that one member of the "repeater" class, called FRB 180916.J0158+65, appears to exhibit a 16-day activity cycle: It fires off bursts for a four-day stretch, goes quiet for 12 days and then starts all over again.
The FRB 180916 was the first known to erupt in such a periodic way. And now scientists have spotted another.
Researchers monitored the known repeater FRB 121102 with the Lovell Telescope, a 250-foot-wide (76 meters) radio dish at Jodrell Bank Observatory in England, over the course of five years. They found strong indications of a 157-day activity cycle; 121102 seems to flare up for 90 days and then go silent for 67, the team reported in a new study.
It's unclear what's behind such cyclic activity, though scientists do have a few ideas. For example, periodic flare-ups could be caused by a wobble in the rotational axis of a highly magnetized neutron star known as a magnetar. Or they could be linked to the orbital motions of a neutron star in a binary system.
The wobble effects are expected to manifest over the span of a few weeks, study team members said. So they seem compatible with FRB 180916's 16-day cycle but not with that of FRB 121102, which is 10 times longer. But who knows? And there's also no guarantee that the same phenomenon is driving the periodicity of both repeating FRBs.
“This exciting discovery highlights how little we know about the origin of FRBs," study co-author Duncan Lorimer, the associate dean for research at West Virginia University, said in a statement. "Further observations of a larger number of FRBs will be needed in order to obtain a clearer picture about these periodic sources and elucidate their origin."
The new study, which was led by Kaustubh Rajwade of the University of Manchester in England, was published online this evening (June 7; June 8 United Kingdom time) in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. You can read a preprint of it for free at arXiv.org.
Mike Wall is the author of "Out There" (Grand Central Publishing, 2018; illustrated byKarl Tate), a book about the search for alien life. Follow him on Twitter @michaeldwall. Follow us on Twitter@Spacedotcom orFacebook.
Astronomers at McDonald Observatory have confirmed a second planet – 7 times more massive than Earth – orbiting Proxima Centauri, the closest star to our sun.
Artist’s concept of Proxima Centauri b and c – depicted here as 2 black dots, a larger one and a smaller one – orbiting their red dwarf star. Proxima Centauri c, the larger planet, might also have a ring system.
Just a few days ago, scientists announced that the closest known Earth-sized exoplanet, Proxima Centauri b, had been confirmed to orbit the nearest star to our solar system. That’s an exciting development, but now, as scientists announced on June 2, 2020, it seems that another possible planet around the same star also has been verified …Proxima Centauri c! Both planets are only 4.2 light-years away.
Evidence for Proxima Centauri c was first announced earlier this year by a research group led by Mario Damasso of Italy’s National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF). But the evidence wasn’t conclusive. This second planet for Proxima is apparently a lot larger than Earth and orbits its star every 1,907 days. It orbits at about 1.5 times the distance from its star that Earth orbits from the sun. Not an extreme difference, but Proxima Centauri is a red dwarf star, smaller and cooler than our sun, so at that distance, the planet can be expected to be significantly colder than Earth.
Combined images from the SPHERE instrument on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile, which appear to show Proxima Centauri c as a bright dot. The location is right where the planet was predicted to be in its orbit. The star is hidden behind the black circle in the center.
Even though Proxima Centauri is the closest star to the sun, it’s difficult to detect the planets orbiting it. Most exoplanets have been found via the transit method, and this system isn’t oriented with respect to Earth such that its planets transit in front of Proxima, from our perspective. So scientists have to use radial velocity observations, measurements of Proxima’s motion toward and away from Earth, to detect the tiny effects of the planets’ gravitational tuggings on the star.
Benedict’s idea was to look again at previous studies of the star from the 1990s from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), which used the telescope’s Fine Guidance Sensors (FGS). The FGS can be used for astrometry, where scientists can take very accurate measurements of the positions and motions of objects in the sky. If Proxima Centauri c were really there, FGS should be able to detect it. Benedict said in a statement:
Basically, this is a story of how old data can be very useful when you get new information. It’s also a story of how hard it is to retire if you’re an astronomer, because this is fun stuff to do!
So what did Benedict and his team find?
When they looked at the old Hubble data, they found a planet with an orbital period of 1,907 days, which fit with what had been seen before, for the tentative Proxima Centauri c. The planet had been overlooked before because in the 1990s, researchers only checked the data for planets with orbital periods of less than 1,000 days.
Benedict combined the results of three studies: the Hubble/FGS astrometry, the radial velocity studies and images from the SPHERE instrument on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) in Chile, to better estimate the mass of Proxima Centauri c. He concluded that the planet is approximately seven times more massive than Earth.
Size comparison of the three stars in the Alpha Centauri system, including Proxima Centauri, and the sun.
Earlier this year, scientists using the images from SPHERE found what appeared to be a large planet orbiting Proxima Centauri that coincided with the predicted position of Proxima Centauri c at the time.
But based on those images, it was found that Proxima Centauri c appeared to be brighter than expected. If the brightness was entirely from the light reflected off the planet itself, then the planet would be about five times larger than Jupiter. But since its estimated mass is more similar to Neptune’s, it may actually be smaller, but has dust clouds or a huge ring system around it. Determining whether it actually does or not will require more observations. It is bright enough that better images of it should be able to be taken by upcoming space telescopes. That’s not the case, unfortunately, with Proxima Centauri b, since it is smaller and much closer to the star. From another recent paper:
Proxima c could become a prime target for follow-up and characterization with next-generation direct imaging instrumentation due to the large maximum angular separation of ~1 arc second from the parent star. The candidate planet represents a challenge for the models of super-Earth formation and evolution.
As far as possible life is concerned, Proxima Centauri c may be too cold for life as we know it, but we just don’t know enough about it yet. Proxima Centauri b is a better candidate for being potentially habitable, since it is only slightly larger than Earth, orbits in the habitable zone of its star and is estimated to have similar temperatures to Earth. We don’t know enough about the actual conditions on this planet yet either, however.
Fritz Benedict at McDonald Observatory, lead author of the new study.
With at least two planets now confirmed orbiting the closest star to our solar system, combined with the over 4,000 other exoplanets discovered so far, we now know that such exoworlds are common in our galaxy. That is a big step that brings us even closer to answering the biggest question of all: are we alone?
Bottom line: Astronomers at McDonald Observatory have confirmed a second planet orbiting the closest star to our sun.
Should we be afraid of black holes? At our current distance from the nearest one, probably not. However, there could be other beings much closer to them. Are they in danger? Here’s a different question … are you afraid of holograms? If we’re referring to the ones popping up at rock concerts – probably not. How about the ones on Star Trek? There have been episode plotlines that addressed ‘holograms gone bad’ and real scientists have already created touchable holograms. Bringing this all together … should we be afraid of black holes if they’re actually holograms? That question may be more real that a hologram.
“Black-hole solutions to general relativity carry a thermodynamic entropy, discovered by Bekenstein and Hawking to be proportional to the area of the event horizon, at leading order in the semiclassical expansion. In a theory of quantum gravity, black holes must constitute ensembles of quantum microstates whose large number accounts for the entropy.”
That opening statement in a recent Physical Review X paper entitled “Black Holes in 4D N=4 Super-Yang-Mills Field Theory” means it’s well beyond the pay grade of this writer. Fortunately, SciTech Daily and others have done the heavy lifting in putting the research into layperson terms. The authors of the study — Francesco Benini (SISSA Professor, ICTP scientific consultant and INFN researcher) and Paolo Milan (SISSA and INFN researcher) (SISSA is Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati and INFN is Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare , both in Italy)) – attempt to explain black holes using the holographic principle, which is a string theory principle suggesting that the behavior of gravity in a given region of space can alternatively be described in terms of a different system with one less dimension – a description that doesn’t use the word “gravity.”
This is pretty abstract
Still here?
In simple description terms, they’re defining black holes like a two-dimensional computer disk containing all of the data to generate them into three dimensions – like the data used by the Star Trek computer to control the holodeck. However, they’re agreeing with Einstein’s theory of relativity, which describes black holes as three dimensional. Assuming holographic black holes can be touched, this dual-dimensional definition solves a lot of the discrepancies between theory and reality.
But … is all of this really possible?
“In the near future, we may be able to test our theoretical predictions regarding quantum gravity by observation. And this, from a scientific point of view, would be something absolutely exceptional.”
That sounds like a “Not yet but we want to believe.” For a deeper understanding, you can read the study here. Or get a degree in quantum physics.
Niet alleen? Vier ‘mysterieuze signalen’ opgevangen uit de ruimte in Universum 8 juni 2020 06:00 18 Reacties 2,886 Bekeken
Niet alleen? Vier ‘mysterieuze signalen’ opgevangen uit de ruimte
Een team Australische wetenschappers heeft een doorbraak bereikt door de bron van vier zogeheten snelle radioflitsen te achterhalen. Deze mysterieuze signalen komen uit de ruimte en duren gemiddeld slechts enkele milliseconden. Er is nog maar weinig over bekend.
Hoofdonderzoeker Shivani Bhandari van het Australische wetenschapsinstituut CSIRO onthult dat de vier radioflitsen afkomstig zijn uit enorme sterrenstelsels waar nieuwe sterren zich vormen. Ze komen bovendien niet uit het centrum, maar uit de buitenste gebieden.
Dat betekent dat ze niets te maken hebben met superzware zwarte gaten, zei Bhandari. Haar team gebruikte de ASKAP-radiotelescoop in West-Australië om de bron te achterhalen.
Mogelijkheden uitsluiten
Coauteur professor Elaine Sadler zei dat de signalen ook niet worden veroorzaakt door sterexplosies of kosmische snaren.
“We weten nog niet precies waar we mee te maken hebben, maar we kunnen nu tenminste bepaalde mogelijkheden uitsluiten,” reageerde astrofysicus Jocelyn Bell Burnell.
Komt zelden voor
In februari ontdekten Canadese wetenschappers een ‘mysterieus radiosignaal’ dat zich ongeveer elke 16 dagen herhaalt. Het komt zelden voor dat radiosignalen uit de ruimte zich met regelmaat herhalen.
In de periode van september 2018 tot oktober 2019 werden 28 radioflitsen waargenomen. Wetenschappers namen vier dagen lang ongeveer twee keer per uur zo’n flits waar. Daarna bleef het 12 dagen stil, waarna het patroon zich weer herhaalde. Wat het signaal veroorzaakt, is nog onduidelijk.
White UFO Over Small City In India On June 7, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
White UFO Over Small City In India On June 7, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting:June 7, 2020
Location of sighting:Chhattisgarh, India
Here is a rare glimpse at a glowing orb UFO over the city of Chhattisgarh, India. The UFO is seen moving around and then moves higher and higher until it disappears. This particular type of glowing white light UFO is actually reported a lot around the world every week. But usually its not so close as we see in this video.
Donut UFO Seen Over Vancouver, Washington June 7, 2020, MUFON, UFO Sighting News.
Donut UFO Seen Over Vancouver, Washington June 7, 2020, MUFON, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: June 7, 2020 Source: MUFON #109317 This is a MUFON report that just came in. The eyewitness recorded a dark grey metallic donut shaped UFO. In the video we actually see this object zoom around and do loops over his home. There are no wings, no lights, no sound that would reveal if it was a drone or not, but the video of its movements are quite remarkable. The wind is blowing and its raining a bit, but this object is staying overhead doing loops, how? I have heard of dark ring UFOs and reported a few, but this is the first time I have seen one move like this. I believe the UFO may be attracted to the storm that seems to be brewing. UFOs often are seen near thunder and lightning storms and even around tornadoes. Probably attracted to the high static electricity in the air for some reason. Scott C. Waring - Taiwan Eyewitness states:
Donut flipping thru sky floated entire west to east from my position. A metallic silver donut shaped object floated / flipped across the sky west to east in a straight line at a constant speed.
I fond an ancient container on Mars that looks like it once held wine or oil. I can see a spout at its top. The object has a hand made appearance and is wide on its bottom and has thick neck for pouring out the liquid. It looks to be made of a clay-like material, which would make it ceramic or pottery an has a neolithic appearance to it. Here on earth, ancient pottery faces and fragments are found all the time and are important in teaching us many things about the culture of the people. Same goes with Mars, but we really need the rover to take a closer look at this one so we can see the detail and design better. Scott C. Waring
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
