The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
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Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie!
Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek!
België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek
In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch.
Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie
Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen!
Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit
Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie.
Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie
Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen.
Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen
Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek!
Blijf Op De Hoogte!
Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren!
Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.
10-08-2020
UFOs and Strange Vanishings at Australia’s Mysterious Bass Strait Triangle
UFOs and Strange Vanishings at Australia’s Mysterious Bass Strait Triangle
Some places in this world seem to draw to them mysterious forces beyond our understanding, little corners of the world that for whatever reasons have mysteries gravitate to them. Running through the expanse between the Australian state of Victoria and the island of Tasmania is a stretch of sea called the Bass Strait. The strait measures 300 km (190 mi) wide and 200 km (120 mi) from north to south, and although known for rough currents and winds it is a major shipping lane, and also sees a lot of air traffic, so it is not a particularly remote or uncharted place in modern times, yet the Bass Strait has long had a reputation as a place of mysterious phenomena and strange vanishings for centuries. Indeed, such is its reputation for weirdness, UFOs, and its hungry habit of swallowing ships and planes that this swath of sea has earned its nickname “The Bass Strait Triangle.”
The ominous reputation of the Bass Strait goes back to its very discovery in 1797, when the vessel Sydney Cove, one of the first ships to ever visit the east coast of Australia, wrecked on Preservation Island while delivering goods from Calcutta to Port Jackson. A salvage operation was launched to collect the ship and the handful of survivors who were castaways on the island, and one of these rescuers, the ship Eliza vanished off the face of the earth. The salvage operation led to the discovery of the Bass Strait, collected the first scientifically studied specimen of a wombat, and cemented early the strait’s reputation for disappearing ships. Over the ensuing decades the area would become notorious for ships just disappearing into thin air, and the 19th century had many notable instances of this through the 1800s, such as the British warship HMS Sappho, which vanished with 100 people aboard and left behind not a scrap of wreckage, as well the vessel Harlech Castle, and many, many others. Indeed, the strait became so notorious for ships going missing that few dared to make the north to south journey until Melbourne was established in 1835, and even then at least seven major vessels vanished without a trace travelling to the new port in rapid succession between the years of 1838 to 1840, their wrecks and crews never found. This was perhaps most likely due to poor sea conditions, hidden dangers such as reefs and the rocky coast, all compounded by inadequate charts, but it is still a high concentration of vanishing vessels compared to other areas at the time, and rumors were already brewing that this was an unlucky, possibly even cursed, treacherous place of mystery.
The early 1900s would see ships continue to disappear in the strait at a good rate, such as the coal ship SS Federal in 1901, the German cargo ship SS Ferdinand Fischer in 1906, and numerous other smaller vessels. In 1920 one of the more notable ship vanishings would occur here, with the disappearance of the schooner SS Amelia J, which went missing soon after entering the strait. During the ensuing major search and rescue effort launched by the military, another vessel in the operation, the SS Southern Cross would also vanish, as would a military Airco DH.9 aircraft. Oddly, some crew members involved with the search aboard the HMAS Swordsman would report having seen strange lights in the sky during the search operation.
It was not only ships that would vanish here, as in addition to the disappearance of the Airco DH.9 there were other major aircraft vanishings in the Bass Strait. In 1934 the airlinerMiss Hobartflew off the face of the earth with 11 people on board during a routine flight in perfect flying conditions and despite the fact that it was at the time a new, state-of-the-art Havilland DH86 aircraft. Not even a scrap of it was ever found, and making it all eerier was that the plane’s final transmission is the pilots explaining that the plane was surrounded by an unusual buzzing sound before contact was lost. Just one year later, in 1935 another airliner, the aircraftLoina went missing under very bizarre circumstances. In this case, theLoinawas actually making its final approach into Hobart with two pilots and three passengers aboard, but the plane’s radio communications suddenly went silent for no discernible reason right after the pilot informed of their approach and the plane disappeared. Wreckage of theLoinawould be found with a piece of floor holding an intense scorch mark just a few centimeters across, although what this means is anyone’s guess. None of the bodies of any of the five people aboard were ever found.
It was around this time that the strait became associated with a good amount of UFO activity, with strange things frequently reported from the skies here. Indeed, throughout World War II there were accounts of pilots encountering UFOs, such as one pilot who claimed to have been followed by a large bronze disc, another who was followed by a large dark shadow, and many others. These strange sightings may or may not have something to do with the large number of military planes that went missing over these waters during the war, but they disappeared at a good clip. At least 17 military aircraft were lost here while on training flights out of airbases such as RAAF Base East Sale near Sale, Victoria, with wreckage never being found in most cases. Is it just coincidence that this was going on during so much UFO activity? It is hard to say, but UFOs definitely feature in arguably the most famous disappearance associated with the Bass Strait.
Probably the most well-known and bizarre of any of the cases here is that of Frederick Valentich, who on October 28, 1978 departed on a training flight over the Bass Strait in Australia aboard a Cessna 182 Skylane light aircraft, on his way to King’s Island. During the flight, Valentich radioed Melbourne air traffic control to tell them that he was having engine troubles and that he was being followed by what first appeared to be some sort of large aircraft with four bright lights on it about 1,000 feet above him. He was then told that there were no other aircraft scheduled to be in that area at the time, nor were any showing up on radar, but Valentich insisted that he was witnessing one and that it was moving at very high speeds and getting closer, seemingly toying with him as it made several passes overhead. Valentich would say:
Delta Sierra Juliet, Melbourne, it seems like it’s chasing me. What I’m doing right now is orbiting and the thing is just orbiting on top of me also. It’s got a green light and is sort of metallic like, it’s all shiny on the outside.
Frederick Valentich
When he was asked what model of plane it was Valentich couldn’t really determine it, not even if it was a civilian aircraft or a military one. All he was able to make out was that it had a “long shape,” that it was metallic and had lights, and that it was incredibly fast and maneuverable. At one point the strange craft then seemingly vanished, and Valentich complained that his engine was rough-idling. The mysterious aircraft then apparently appeared again out of nowhere, and Valentich made his last spooky transmission, the transcript of which follows:
My intentions are – ah – to go to King Island – ah – Melbourne. That strange aircraft is hovering on top of me again (open microphone for two seconds). It is hovering and (open microphone for one second) it’s not an aircraft.
The microphone is then left open for a full 17 seconds, during which time a strange, metallic scraping sound can be heard before the transmission goes dead. An air and sea search was launched soon after the incident, which covered 1,000 square miles without finding any trace of either Valentich or his plane and their fate remains a mystery to this day. It is especially odd, as flying conditions at the time were considered ideal, and Valentich had had enough fuel left to cover a further 800 kilometers. Considering the bizarre and baffling circumstances surrounding Valentich’s vanishing and the incredibly odd last radio exchange with air traffic control, the case has gone on to become almost legendary, with all manner of debate and theories flying about it.
On the more rational end of the spectrum we have the idea that Valentich simply got disoriented, and that the object he saw was merely the lights of his own plane reflected upon the water as he flew upside down before crashing. After all, he was not a particularly experienced pilot, with only about 150 total hours’ flying time under his belt and he had failed to get a commercial pilot’s license on several occasions, but this theory has been disputed due to the fact that flying conditions at the time were so perfectly clear. This has led to the theory that he committed suicide and intentionally crashed his plane into the sea, but there is no evidence of this, and even if he did want to kill himself why come up with the whole elaborate story he gave air traffic control? Some have suggested that Valentich staged his own disappearance, and this was all the according to his plan. This is somewhat supported by the fact that Valentich’s aircraft was never once actually picked up on radar, meaning he might not have even been where he said he was.
There is also of course the theory that Valentich really did encounter a UFO out there and that it had a role to play in the disappearance. Indeed, at around the time of the vanishing there had supposedly been a rash of UFO sightings in the area, and there were several eyewitnesses who claimed to have seen a UFO with a bright green light in the same area and at around the same time as Valentich’s strange incident. One of the weirdest claims made along these lines is that a man named Roy Manifold managed to capture a picture of a strange object in the sky with what looks like an exhaust trail as he was photographing the sunset off the coast with a time lapse camera just 20 minutes before the incident. Manifold claims that he did not notice the object until after the pictures had been developed and whatever it is appears to be moving fast. His son, Jason, would later claim to have been outside shortly after the picture was taken and heard the sound of a Cessna engine but seen nothing at all in the clear sky, after which the sound abruptly ceased “as if someone had turned a radio off.”
What is going on here? Whatever the case may be, neither Valentich nor his plane have ever been seen again and there has never been an explanation for the eerier metallic scraping noise heard before that final transmission ended. The case has been the subject of countless articles, books, and intense discussions, and we seem to be no closer to really knowing what happened. What happened to Frederick Valentich? Did he crash? Did he disappear on purpose or commit suicide? Was he abducted by aliens? We may never really know for sure. This all incidentally coincided with an intense wave of UFO sightings going on over the Bass Strait, along the coasts of Tasmania and Victoria in 1978 and 1979. People all over the place were reporting unexplained phenomena at a good rate, including a couple of motorists being trailed by a bright light hovering right over the road, a taxi driver forced to stop by a luminous green ball directly in front of him, and a local woman who spotted a “doorway of light” in her yard. Interestingly, in the following year, in December of 1979 a yacht called the Charleston was sailing through the strait along with five people aboard on its way to Sydney. It never arrived, and a complete search of the region turned up nothing of the ship or its crew and they remain missing.
What is is about this stretch of water that draws so many mysteries to it? Is this just the unpredictable sea and weather conditions conspiring against us, with the string currents carrying the remains away? Or is there something more at work? Could the good amount of UFO phenomena reported from here have some connection? There have been lots of ideas thrown around on why there have been so many ships and planes that have blinked out of existence in the Bass Strait, including pirates, portals, magnetic anomalies, ley lines, aliens, interdimensional phenomena, or a mixture of all of the above. We may never know, and the Bass Strait holds its mysteries close.
NOTE:
All related videos, selected and posted by peter2011
NASA’s MAVEN Observes Martian Night Sky Pulsing in Ultraviolet Light
NASA’s MAVEN Observes Martian Night Sky Pulsing in Ultraviolet Light
Vast areas of the Martian night sky pulse in ultraviolet light, according to images from NASA’s MAVEN spacecraft. The results are being used to illuminate complex circulation patterns in the Martian atmosphere.
Mars’ nightside atmosphere glows and pulsates in this data animation from MAVEN spacecraft observations. Green-to-white false color shows the enhanced brightenings on Mars’ ultraviolet “nightglow" measured by MAVEN’s Imaging UltraViolet Spectrograph at about 70 kilometers (approximately 40 miles) altitude. A simulated view of the Mars globe is added digitally for context, with ice caps visible at the poles. Three nightglow brightenings occur over one Mars rotation, the first much brighter than the other two. All three brightenings occur shortly after sunset, appearing on the left of this view of the night side of the planet. The pulsations are caused by downwards winds which enhance the chemical reaction creating nitric oxide which causes the glow. Months of data were averaged to identify these patterns, indicating they repeat nightly. Credits: NASA/MAVEN/Goddard Space Flight Center/CU/LASP
The MAVEN team was surprised to find that the atmosphere pulsed exactly three times per night, and only during Mars’ spring and fall. The new data also revealed unexpected waves and spirals over the winter poles, while also confirming the Mars Express spacecraft results that this nightglow was brightest over the winter polar regions.
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This is an image of the ultraviolet “nightglow” in the Martian atmosphere. Green and white false colors represent the intensity of ultraviolet light, with white being the brightest. The nightglow was measured at about 70 kilometers (approximately 40 miles) altitude by the Imaging UltraViolet Spectrograph instrument on NASA’s MAVEN spacecraft. A simulated view of the Mars globe is added digitally for context. The image shows an intense brightening in Mars’ nightside atmosphere. The brightenings occur regularly after sunset on Martian evenings during fall and winter seasons, and fade by midnight. The brightening is caused by increased downwards winds which enhance the chemical reaction creating nitric oxide which causes the glow. Credits: NASA/MAVEN/Goddard Space Flight Center/CU/LASP
“MAVEN’s images offer our first global insights into atmospheric motions in Mars’ middle atmosphere, a critical region where air currents carry gases between the lowest and highest layers,” said Nick Schneider of the University of Colorado's Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP), Boulder, Colorado. The brightenings occur where vertical winds carry gases down to regions of higher density, speeding up the chemical reactions that create nitric oxide and power the ultraviolet glow. Schneider is instrument lead for the MAVEN Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrograph (IUVS) instrument that made these observations, and lead author of apaper on this researchappearing August 6 in the Journal of Geophysical Research, Space Physics. Ultraviolet light is invisible to the human eye but detectable by specialized instruments.
The diagram explains the cause of Mars’ glowing nightside atmosphere. On Mars’ dayside, molecules are torn apart by energetic solar photons. Global circulation patterns carry the atomic fragments to the nightside, where downward winds increase the reaction rate for the atoms to reform molecules. The downwards winds occur near the poles at some seasons and in the equatorial regions at others. The new molecules hold extra energy which they emit as ultraviolet light. Credits: NASA/MAVEN/Goddard Space Flight Center/CU/LASP
“The ultraviolet glow comes mostly from an altitude of about 70 kilometers (approximately 40 miles), with the brightest spot about a thousand kilometers (approximately 600 miles) across, and is as bright in the ultraviolet as Earth’s northern lights,” said Zac Milby, also of LASP. “Unfortunately, the composition of Mars’ atmosphere means that these bright spots emit no light at visible wavelengths that would allow them to be seen by future Mars astronauts. Too bad: the bright patches would intensify overhead every night after sunset, and drift across the sky at 300 kilometers per hour (about 180 miles per hour).”
The pulsations reveal the importance of planet-encircling waves in the Mars atmosphere. The number of waves and their speed indicates that Mars’ middle atmosphere is influenced by the daily pattern of solar heating and disturbances from the topography of Mars’ huge volcanic mountains. These pulsating spots are the clearest evidence that the middle atmosphere waves match those known to dominate the layers above and below.
“MAVEN’s main discoveries of atmosphere loss and climate change show the importance of these vast circulation patterns that transport atmospheric gases around the globe and from the surface to the edge of space.” said Sonal Jain, also of LASP.
This is an image of the ultraviolet “nightglow” in the Martian atmosphere over the south pole. Green and white false colors represent the intensity of ultraviolet light, with white being the brightest. The nightglow was measured at about 70 kilometers (approximately 40 miles) altitude by the Imaging UltraViolet Spectrograph instrument on NASA’s MAVEN spacecraft. A simulated view of the Mars globe is added digitally for context, and the faint white area in the center of the image is the polar ice cap. The image shows an unexpectedly bright glowing spiral in Mars’ nightside atmosphere. The cause of the spiral pattern is unknown. Credits: NASA/MAVEN/Goddard Space Flight Center/CU/LASP
Next, the team plans to look at nightglow “sideways”, instead of down from above, using data taken by IUVS looking just above the edge of the planet. This new perspective will be used to understand the vertical winds and seasonal changes even more accurately.
The Martian nightglow was first observed by the SPICAM instrument on the European Space Agency’s Mars Express spacecraft. However, IUVS is a next-generation instrument better able to repeatedly map out the nightside glow, finding patterns and periodic behaviors. Many planets including Earth have nightglow, but MAVEN is the first mission to collect so many images of another planet’s nightglow.
The research was funded by the MAVEN mission. MAVEN's principal investigator is based at the University of Colorado's Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Boulder, and NASA Goddard manages the MAVEN project. NASA is exploring our Solar System and beyond, uncovering worlds, stars, and cosmic mysteries near and far with our powerful fleet of space and ground-based missions.
NASA’s Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution mission (or MAVEN) has been studying Mars since it was launched into space in 2013 and new images taken by the spacecraft reveals a stunning green “nightglow” on the planet.
In a statement released by NASA, Nick Schneider, who is a professor of astrophysical and planetary sciences at the University of Colorado’s Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) in Boulder, Colorado, as well as the lead author of the study, said, “MAVEN’s images offer our first global insights into atmospheric motions in Mars’ middle atmosphere, a critical region where air currents carry gases between the lowest and highest layers.”
The atmosphere on Mars pulses three times every night during the spring and fall. Additionally, the data collected by MAVEN revealed that waves and spirals occurred over the winter polar regions. And that’s not all; it also found that the ultraviolet “nightglow” was at its brightest over the cold poles.
Earth has spectacular auroras.
Mars’ bright green glow occurs when winds bring the gases down to the dense portion of the atmosphere and a reaction occurs that causes the nitric oxide to create the glow. However, it is only seen through ultraviolet light even though it is as bright as the northern lights here on Earth. This is disappointing news for future astronauts who may visit the Red Planet as they wouldn’t be able to witness the beautiful green auroras on Mars.
Additionally, the experts found that heat from the sun and the volcanic activity on the Red Planet affect the speed and number of waves in the atmosphere. “MAVEN’s main discoveries of atmosphere loss and climate change show the importance of these vast circulation patterns that transport atmospheric gases around the globe and from the surface to the edge of space,” explained Sonal Jain who is a research associate at LASP and another author of the study.
There are still many questions that need to be answered in regards to the atmosphere on Mars. Schneider said it best when he told CU Boulder Today, “The behavior of the Martian atmosphere is every bit as complicated and insightful as that of Earth’s atmosphere.” Zac Milby, who is a research assistant at LASP and another author of the study, weighed in by saying, “If we’re going to send people to Mars, we better understand what’s going on in the atmosphere.”
The pulsing green ultraviolet light in Mars’ atmosphere is absolutely breathtaking and the pictures as well as a video can be seen here.
Auroras on Earth seen from space.
This isn’t the first time that we’ve heard about green glows on Mars. I reported back in June of this year that the glows on Mars had been observed for the first time ever on a planet other than Earth. This beautiful phenomenon was captured by the Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery (NOMAD) instrument which was on the European Space Agency’s Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO). The equipment has a special Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrometer (UVIS) that studied the atmosphere on Mars between April and December of 2019.
NOTE:
All related videos, selected and posted by peter2011
When temperatures warm up here on Earth, our glaciers melt but it’s having the opposite effect on those found on Pluto. Of course, while our glaciers are made up of mostly snow and ice, the ones situated on Pluto contain methane and nitrogen.
According to a new research study, when the temperatures change on the dwarf planet, glaciers may expand and grow. The methane and nitrogen glaciers were noticed in 2015 when NASA’s New Horizons probe flew by the planet. And based on the images captured by the spacecraft, scientists were able to determine that the methane and nitrogen grains moved around when the temperatures on the planet heated up, potentially causing the glaciers to grow and expand.
Surface of Pluto taken by the New Horizons spacecraft.
It’s hard to believe that a planet that’s located 4.67 billion miles from Earth would have warmer seasons, but it is a true fact. It’s so far away from us that it takes Pluto 248 Earth years to complete a full orbit around the sun. Its “warmer” season is still more than minus 350 degrees as Pluto has a surface temperature that varies from minus 418 to minus 364 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 250 to minus 220 Celsius) between the seasons so it’s still extremely cold on the best of days.
Helen Maynard-Casely, who is a planetary scientist at the Bragg Institute, ANSTO and the lead author of the study, explained in a statement, “In the warmer seasons of Pluto, still about -220 C, both the methane and nitrogen molecules are freely rotating in the solids — the molecules are not bound together very well,” adding, “Studies of the mechanical properties of these materials at very low temperatures are really challenging, so we are missing useful information for the unusual conditions on the outer planetary bodies.”
The research team recreated conditions on the dwarf planet by using Wombat which is a high-intensity neutron diffractometer that’s situated in the OPAL Neutron Guide Hall at the Australian Center for Neutron Scattering. They studied how the molecules reacted to different temperatures and what they found was quite surprising.
Pluto
According to Maynard-Casely, nitrogen has two crystal structures based on the temperatures on Pluto. “The nitrogen story is really interesting because the molecules have the ability to cool into an ordered structure, which is the alpha nitrogen phase and at this point there is a big volume drop … Whereas at a slightly higher temperature, around 44 Kelvin [minus 380.47 degrees Fahrenheit, or minus 229.15 Celsius], the nitrogen molecules are freely rotating in a plastic state.”
It’s incredible to think that anything can move around in such extreme temperatures but the methane and nitrogen glaciers on Pluto seem to prove that point.
NOTE:
all related videos, selected and posted by peter2011
Anonymous: UFO Disclosure! "You Need to Hear This" - August 2020 Great Video
Anonymous: UFO Disclosure! "You Need to Hear This" - August 2020 Great Video
Extraterrestrial life is hypothetical life which may occur outside of Earth and which did not originate on Earth. Such life might range from simple prokaryotes to beings with civilizations far more advanced than humanity. The Drake equation speculates about the existence of intelligent life elsewhere in the universe.
Unidentified flying object is the popular term for any aerial phenomenon that cannot immediately be identified. Most UFOs are identified on investigation as conventional objects or phenomena. The term is widely used for claimed observations of extraterrestrial spacecraft.
Just 100 years ago, the nature of the Milky Way — and the universe itself — was still a matter of debate. On April 26, 1920, astronomer Harlow Shapley claimed our galaxy was the entire universe. Astronomer Heber Curtis countered that the blurry star clusters seen with a telescope were “island universes,” separate from, but analogous to, the Milky Way.
The Nibiru Movie ~ The Secret Origins Of Our World. Marduk and Tiamat War. Great Video.
The Nibiru Movie ~ The Secret Origins Of Our World. Marduk and Tiamat War. Great Video.
The Nibiru Movie ~ The Secret Origins Of Our World. Great Video.
Welcome to The Nibiru Movie! This is a special edition of The Sumerian Epic which combines the first 3 Episodes into an hour and a half long movie, with an additional 7 minutes of never before seen bonus footage scattered throughout the feature! The film at its core opens the floodgates of questions regarding the mysterious yet popular “conspiracy theory” of Nibiru, the supposed hidden planet that lurks in the farthest reaches of our outer solar system. It was nearly 50 years ago that the theory of Nibiru first reached the masses through Zechariah Sitchin’s first book “The Twelfth Planet”, which sought to explain that the oldest texts on the planet, the Cuneiform tablets of Sumer, were actually a series of encoded legends describing the origins of our solar system.
The Hidden Enemies Revealed on This World Stage
By Dr. Luke Prophet
Many of you have read books by an author named Zecharia Sitchin. He wrote about the Anunnaki and their planet which he called Nibiru. Sitchin was a total fraud and a tool for the Vatican, but several of the Anunnaki characters in his books are also mentioned in the King James Bible namely Anu, Enki, Enlil, and Marduk. Some of you who have read Sitchin’s books are waiting for the next arrival to earth of what they claim to be these benevolent extra-terrestrials. Nothing can be further from the truth.
The Anunnaki are not benevolent. They are extremely evil with the intention of causing mankind’s extinction. They are not extra-terrestrial or inter-dimension but rather they are part of the host of heaven who rebelled when they found out the first creation of man, referred to as 144,000 saints (Revelation 7:4) or those created for honorable use (Romans 9:21) were to rule over them. For those people watching for Nibiru to come to earth with the Anunnaki, I have some news for you. The Anunnaki are already here on earth and have never left the earth. Earth is a prison colony. Psalm 83:3-5 is a dual prophecy that in our day is telling us to beware of those in leadership positions in all countries (See also Jude 1:4 and Jeremiah 10:11)
I believe the Vatican wanted people to believe this lie to set people up for the alien deception as part of Project Bluebeam. After the Rapture occurs, the “Devil and Satan” will cause two delusions to fool the population. After the assassination of Trump and Pence and the Rapture, Trump and Pence will return in a spacecraft bringing with them many famous individuals who had previously died. The Anunnaki will claim to be the ones that created humankind. They will say that they have been responsible for those removed in the Rapture from earth as they would not have been willing to enter the next stage of man’s development, namely becoming gods themselves through connecting the brain through Neuralink to the Internet. This concept of man becoming gods is called Gnosticism and is a great lie. One of the fallen Watchers, Gadreel according to the book of Enoch, deceived Eve in the garden by telling her if she listened to what he said, she would become like a god. (Genesis 3:4) As all evil is back on earth today, Gadreel is back trying to deceive humankind once again. In Jeremiah 10:11 the God of Abraham Isaac and Jacob tells us the future of the Anunnaki.
Thus you shall say to them, “The gods that did not make the heavens and the earth shall perish from the earth and from under the heavens.” (Jeremiah 10:11)
The earth has a veil or firmament over it installed by the God of Abraham Isaac and Jacob. Nothing can enter the earth’s atmosphere and nothing can escape. The Anunnaki are immortal. They do die like humans but unfortunately they always return through transmigration. The saints are also immortal through transmigration. Both the Anunnaki and the saints have always been with us, one group representing evil, and the other good.
That which has been is that which will be, And that which has been done is that which will be done. So, there is nothing new under the sun. (Ecclesiastes 1:9 NASB 77)
What has been will be again, and what has been done will be done again; there is nothing new under the sun. (Ecclesiastes 1:9 The Berean Study Bible)
Using the gematria calculator on gematrix.org so you can follow along, I am matching the bible verse to the underlying meaning of the bible verse. We reduce the Gematria numbers to a single digit and if you get a match of three final numbers or witnesss of Holy Gematria, then we are confident that we have found a match.
What has been will be again
= 2174 or 74+21 or 95 or 9+5 = 14 or 7
= 1206 or 10+20+6 = 36 or 6
= 201 or 20+1 = 21 or 7
The Saints and Anunnaki transmigrate
= 1372 or 72-13 = 59 or 5+9 = 14 or 7
= 2184 or 2+1+8+4 = 15 or 1+5 = 6
= 364 or 64-3 = 61 or 6+1 = 7
The Saints and Anunnaki have transmigrated to earth and are immortal so they come back in human form all the time.
In 1933 we almost had a fascist coup d’état in America backed by bankers and wealthy businessmen led by J.P. Morgan against President Franklin D. Roosevelt. This coup was squelched by retired Marine Corps Major General Smedley Butler. No one was arrested or jailed.
Thirty years later, in 1963 President John Kennedy was assassinated in another coup ’état orchestrated by rogue elements of the CIA and the Vatican with the main purpose of getting America deeply involved in the Vietnam civil war.
It is now fifty-seven years later and we are extremely close to experiencing another fascist coup ’état led by the same people as in 1963,namely the Bush family. The Bush families are Khazarian Zionists and George HW Bush and Menachem Schneerson were responsible for the introduction of the seven contrived Noahide laws passed by congress under the guise of “Education Day USA” on March 20, 1991 which also happens to be Schneerson’s birthday. I do not believe in coincidences. George HW Bush is not dead and is very much alive and living in Israel.
Prior to the Second World War, it was decided that the Zionist Khazars (those who say they are Jews but are not, but are of the Synagogue of Satan Rev. 3:9) would be in charge of the New World Order with a one world global government under the United Nations; a one world digital currency controlled by the Rothschild’s; and a one world Catholic Universal religion based on the Babylonian Talmud. Catholic means universal and it is a satanic religion as they worship Lucifer and idols. Enemies of this one world universal religion and fascist dictatorship will be the true Christian Israelites who follow Mosaic Law and do not adhere to the Talmud which Jeremiah 8:8 tells us was written by the lying pen of the Pharisee scribes. The true Israelite Christians base their faith on the word of God of Abraham Isaac and Jacob and not the interpretation of man. Catholics are not Christians as they follow man (a pope) rather than the word, and ordinances of God of Abraham Isaac and Jacob and the teachings of Jesus.
Flower Of Life Full Documentary Sacred Geometry And The 144,000 Bondservants Created As The Saints In Revelation 7. God Of Abraham Isaac and Jacob, The Creator Of All In All Is The Ultimate Mathematician! Great Video.
The Human History Movie. Great Video Showing How The Nephilim Came To Lemuria On Earth After Destroying Mars And Then Destroyed Lemuria. Only A Remnant Of Hebrews (The White Race) Survived. This Remnant Are The 144,000 Mentioned In Revelation 7 & 14 From The First Creation In Genesis 1. Great Video.
The Moon Has Serious UFO Traffic - Amazing Video Evidence
The Moon Has Serious UFO Traffic - Amazing Video Evidence
Live footage of several UFOs flying above the moon’s surface and of what looks like a massive explosion that appears under a UFO, after seeing a lit object descend to the moon. It looks like a war is going on up there but that is theoretical.
What if the UFOs Bruceseesall caught were actually missiles or bombs being launched on the moon like the similarities of war here on Earth.
A very revealing secret that nobody knows about what is going on…on the moon? We really get a glimpse at the activity on the lunar surface?
There is no proof from any association that his work is real and I want you to decide that for yourself after watching his video.
Understand to see this you must take a screenshot of the area of the map, add contrast, light and sharpening.
I found a huge black structure that is 45 miles or 72km across according to the NASA rule at the bottom of the map. Screenshot below shows the ruler. Near the black structure is a landed ship. The ship too is huge, about 30 miles or 48 km long. Way to big to park close to this structure, so its understandable to dock it further away. Remarkable structures indeed and it shows that aliens can make such huge structures because of their long lifetimes. Some don't die except from accidents...so they are very careful. They order some drones and robots to create a robot factory and then to mine, smelt the metals and create the structure, time is of no importance...and literally it could take hundreds or even thousands of years to finish. Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
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UFO Hidden In Cloud Over Sweden Came From Baltic Sea, Sept 2018. Photos, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Hidden In Cloud Over Sweden Came From Baltic Sea, Sept 2018. Photos, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Sept 6, 2018 Location of sighting: NYKÖPING SWEDEN Source: Email report This email report was sent to me this week, but took place two years ago, however if we ignore the past, we are doomed to repeat it. So today it is shared with all. Here is another great example of a UFO hiding within a cloud. Now the UFO actually creates the cloud around it and it also controls the thickness and shape of the cloud so it wont dissipate or disappear. UFOs frequently cause violent changes in the weather. It must be flying low because it came from an underwater base in the ocean and was moving off to a new location. The city of NYKOPING is only 15km from the ocean...the Baltic Sea...a sea infamous for its UFO sightings. Scott C. Waring Eyewitness states:
I was working in my garden and suddenly observed this unusual cloud formation. A neighbor came over to me and together we looked at this phenomenon. It was shaped like a huge disc and remained for about an hour. Other clouds passed over, below and behind the cloud. Eventually the cloud dissolved and was gone. We looked at each other in amazement because of the massive size and estimated it to be approximately 1.5 to 2 kilometers in diameter. I wish it would happen again because it was an outstanding event.
Five Entrances To Alien Base Below South Carolina, Google Earth, UFO Sighting News.
Five Entrances To Alien Base Below South Carolina, Google Earth, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: Aug 9, 2020 Location of discovery: South Carolina, USA
I was using Google Earth map and found five entrances to an underground base in South Carolina. The location is just 50km away from the ocean so the underground base may extend out into the open sea and allow the UFOs to exit over there instead. However these old exits/entrances are still visible so they were obviously used a lot. The five islands are at a perfect 45 degree angle on the map according to the US geological service. The five ovals have a center oval that is largest and smaller and then smaller again as it goes outside. They are lined up parallel to each other. All this should be statistically impossible and yet...there it is. Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
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UFO Traffic On The Moon
UFO Traffic On The Moon
Live footage of several UFOs flying above the moon's surface and of what looks like a massive explosion that appears under a UFO, after seeing a lit object descend to the moon. It looks like a war is going on up there but that is theoretical.
What if the UFOs Bruceseesall caught were actually missiles or bombs being launched on the moon like the similarities of war here on Earth.
A very revealing secret that nobody knows about what is going on...on the moon? We really get a glimpse at the activity on the lunar surface?
There is no proof from any association that his work is real and I want you to decide that for yourself after watching his video.
Everything we know about UFOS has changed. Now, the all-star team that got the U.S Navy to admit UFOs are real launches a new season of investigations aided by a fresh wave of exclusive, military eyewitnesses. These veterans testify to an extraordinary series of encounters between U.S. Military and UFOs dating to the Vietnam War. The team attempts to connect the dots. Are these the same unidentified craft shown in declassified U.S. Navy videos and have they been shadowing American forces for decades?
Don’t forget to follow us on Twitter for the latest UFO videos & photos.
What the End of the Universe Will Really Be Like, According to a Theoretical Cosmologist
What the End of the Universe Will Really Be Like, According to a Theoretical Cosmologist
“Just months before the end, after we’ve lost the outer planets to the great and growing blackness, the Earth drifts away from the Sun, and the Moon from the Earth. We too enter the darkness, alone.”
Apocalyptic visions have always percolated in humanity’s collective imagination, whether it’s the Rapture, Ragnarök, or a future asteroid impact like the one that killed the dinosaurs. In recent decades, however, scientists have managed to establish some rough parameters around the ultimate Doomsday: the death of the universe itself.
Katie Mack, a theoretical cosmologist at North Carolina State University, explores these terminal diagnoses for the cosmos in her new bookThe End of Everything (Astrophysically Speaking), which packs a huge amount of scientific research into forecasting the eventual fate of our universe.
“It doesn’t end well,” she warned in a call.
Before you scribble “end of universe” onto the list of things keeping you up at night, take comfort in the fact that the really bad stuff will happen in the far-future of the cosmos, at least tens of billions of years from now. You will be long dead, as will Earth and the Sun. The senescent universe will be a time and place totally alien from our own surroundings, far more fantastical than any the feverish apocalyptic visions of myth or fiction.
“I get asked a lot: How do you deal with thinking about these big topics, like ultimate destruction? How does it affect your outlook?” Mack said. “I think all you can do is go to the absurd in the sense that there’s no way to conceptualize this stuff with daily experience.”
“It’s like the universe is laughing at this idea that we can have an orderly and safe environment in which to live,” she added. “It very much upends our notion of stability in our world. I don’t know how to respond to that other than just laughing at it, because it’s not personal.”
We asked Mack to unpack a few of the juiciest apocalyptic scenarios in The End of Everything (Astrophysically Speaking), which is out from Scribner on Tuesday.
Heat Death: When time ceases to matter
The universe will most likely perish in a state of total disorder known as Heat Death, when the direction of time as we experience it ceases to matter and just about anything may be possible, according to cosmologists.
In this scenario, space just keeps expanding until galaxies fall apart, all the stars burn out, and even atoms decay and disintegrate. At this point, the universe will have reached a point of maximum entropy, or disorder, rendering the “arrow of time”—the difference between the past and the future—meaningless.
“Time still happens, but you have lost the directionality in some sense,” Mack explained. “It’s based on the fact that the way we define past and future, from a strictly physics perspective, is that the only thing we know about that really cares about the difference between past and the future is the second law of thermodynamics, which is entropy.”
“If you can get to a point where entropy is maximized, where you can’t create more entropy, then it’s hard to say that time is really meaningful in a global sense anymore,” she said.
Needless to say, some trippy stuff could end up happening in a universe that has maxed out on entropy and faded into a vast and eternal bath of thermodynamic equilibrium. For instance, Mack describes the Boltzmann Brain problem, which involves “disembodied sentient brains popping in and out of existence,” according to the book. This, and anything else—a whale materializing next to a bowl of petunias, or a piano assembling itself from nothing—becomes increasingly likely in such a scenario.
Such wild imaginings stem from the sheer slowness of the Heat Death, a decay that could take a googol (10 to the power of 100) years to really get rolling. Those huge timescales boost the odds of totally bizarre random events occasionally happening in a fizzled-out cosmos—including, potentially, the birth of a new universe.
“The nice thing about the Heat Death is that you have a lot of time,” Mack said. “If you want to make sure that you get a lot done in your universe before it goes out on you, then maybe the Heat Death is the best option.”
The Big Rip: When gravity breaks and the Earth explodes
The Heat Death is the probable outcome of the accelerated expansion of the universe, but cosmic expansion may also lead to a less likely, yet far more violent, end of everything: the Big Rip.
In this scenario, objects in the universe don’t drift apart and decay into maximum entropy. Instead, a point is reached at which the expansion of the universe ultimately tears apart the fabric of spacetime itself, like a cloth sheet that splits when stretched, causing the force of gravity to lose its trademark grip.
In a chilling section of the book, Mack describes exactly what this fate would look like to us on Earth if it was approaching in the near-future. “Our night sky begins to darken,” she writes, “as the great Milky Way swath across the sky fades. The galaxy is evaporating.”
“We begin to find that the orbits of the planets are not what they should be, but are instead slowly spiraling outward,” she continues. “Just months before the end, after we’ve lost the outer planets to the great and growing blackness, the Earth drifts away from the Sun, and the Moon from the Earth. We too enter the darkness, alone.”
It sounds lonely, I know, but take heart: we would only have to bear this isolation for a few hours before the Earth blows up.
The explosion of Earth due to shredded spacetime certainly makes for a cinematically exciting scene. But if we are fated for a Big Rip, it is not likely to happen for about 200 billion years. That’s a lot sooner than the standard Heat Death scenario, but it is well beyond the lifespan of our solar system, Earth, and (probably) humanity.
That said, there may well be alien civilizations in the future, or perhaps descendants of our own species, that could have to face this horrifying reality. “I think it’s entirely possible that there could be life still around on those timescales,” Mack said.
If there are still sentient beings at that point, and the Big Rip does come to pass, all we can do right now is offer our sincere condolences to them from the distant past.
Vacuum Decay: A sudden end
Heat Death would kill the universe slowly and softly, while the Big Rip is a much swifter assassin. But if you’re looking for the fastest end to existence, Vacuum Decay is the cosmic Doomsday for you.
“I have a special place in my heart for Vacuum Decay,” Mack said. “Partly, because it’s just so out of left field and such a bizarre possibility that has only really been very seriously talked about in the last few years.”
“But also because it’s quick and painless and you don’t notice it,” she added. “So that’s nice.”
This outcome is a bit of a dark horse, though its profile has been raised thanks to the recent discovery of the Higgs boson particle by the Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland. One of the implications of this breakthrough is that our reality may not be all that fundamentally stable in ways that could have rather abrupt consequences for life, the universe, and everything.
The universe could be a “true vacuum,” which means that objects in it are always able to find their lowest energy state, creating some level of cosmic stability. However, the Higgs field appears to be “metastable,” which raises the possibility that the universe may be a false vacuum.
Theoretically, this means that if the Higgs particle were to sense a true vacuum, it would be attracted to that environment. This is very bad for us, because it would trigger the spontaneous destruction of the universe in what Mack calls “a bubble of quantum death.”
Unlike the creeping dread of the Heat Death or the Big Rip, the Vacuum Decay apocalypse would kill us all in a snap. The death bubble would simply expand its borders at the speed of light, incinerating everything in its path with ruthless efficiency.
“In terms of the aesthetics of it, or the practical implications of what actually happens to you, maybe vacuum decay is a nicer option,” compared to the Heat Death or the Big Rip, Mack said.
In principle, Vacuum Decay could happen at any time, but cosmologists think it is far more likely to happen tens of billions of years into the future, similar to the other end-times scenarios. We will need to keep pushing the boundaries of particle physics and cosmology in order to develop the idea, but it’s not considered a probable end to the universe at this time.
“It’s just a super fun thing to work on because the implications are so big,” Mack said. “We can learn a lot about our cosmos by assuming that it could happen.”
*****
The universe will likely continue to exist for several hundred billion years to come. But thinking about its ultimate end seems particularly resonant in 2020, a year that has taken on its own identity of apocalyptic mayhem.
It’s understandable to be exhausted by the horrors of the Covid-19 pandemic and the economic devastation it has wrought, or by the rapid onset of climate change with its myriad disasters, or by the threat of authoritarian leaders and brutal state violence.
Reading about the ultimate death of the universe may not assuage those fears, but it will immerse you in the astonishing weirdness of our wider surroundings, and remind you of the ingenuity of scientists who have spent centuries trying to read the cosmic tea leaves.
“There is a kind of luxury about being able to think about things that are disconnected from you and not just everyday survival,” Mack said. “It’s real and it’s destructive and everything is torn apart, but maybe that’s a way to displace some of the feelings of angst and desperation that you might have in daily life.”
‘Exotic’ lightning crackles across Jupiter’s cloud tops
‘Exotic’ lightning crackles across Jupiter’s cloud tops
The flashes of light could form thanks to ammonia antifreeze
Wispy, white “pop-up” clouds on Jupiter, seen in this enhanced image from NASA’s Juno spacecraft, could mark spots where ice crystals are thrown upward by raging storms below. Those ice crystals could then help form newfound lightning in Jupiter’s cloud tops.
GERALD EICHSTÄDT, SEAN DORAN, MSSS, SWRI, JPL-CALTECH/NASA (CC BY-NC-SA)
Small, frequent lightning storms zip across Jupiter’s cloud tops. NASA’s Juno spacecraft spotted the flashes for the first time, scientists report August 5 in Nature.
“It’s a very exotic thing that doesn’t exist on Earth,” says physicist Heidi Becker of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif.
Previous spacecraft have revealed high-energy “superbolts” on Jupiter. That lightning originates 50 to 65 kilometers below Jupiter’s cloud tops, where liquid water droplets form. Scientists think superbolts form like lightning on Earth does: Colliding ice crystals and water droplets charge each other up, then stretch the charge between them when they separate (SN: 6/25/20).
Juno, which arrived at Jupiter in 2016, got much closer to the giant planet’s cloud tops than previous missions. Becker and her team turned the spacecraft’s navigation camera — which normally observes stars to track Juno’s position — on Jupiter’s nightside in February 2018. To the team’s surprise, the clouds crackled with electricity.
Newly observed lightning showed up as bright dots (indicated with arrows) on Jupiter’s nightside, seen in this composite image from one of Juno’s cameras. The insets are pixelated representations of the events’ brightness (yellow is more bright; blue is less bright).H.N. BECKER ET AL/NATURE 2020
Superbolts are up to 100,000 times as strong as these small flashes. But the cloud-top lightning is 10 times as frequent. Strangely, the smaller bolts appeared to come from just 18 kilometers below the cloud tops, where it’s too cold for liquid water to exist alone.
Shallow lightning must have a different origin than the deeper lightning, Becker says. Perhaps ammonia in the upper cloud decks acts as antifreeze, creating droplets of ammonia and water combined. Juno has also seen evidence that violent storms in deeper cloud layers sometimes toss ice crystals high above where they’re normally found. When those crystals collide with the ammonia-water droplets, they may charge up and create lightning, Becker and her colleagues reason.
Similar small lightning storms may happen on other planets, including exoplanets, Becker says (SN: 5/13/16). “Every time you have a new realization, it feeds into new theories that will be developed not only for our solar system but for other solar systems.”
‘The End of Everything’ explores the ways the universe could perish
‘The End of Everything’ explores the ways the universe could perish
A new book looks at the Big Crunch, the Big Rip and more terrifying scenarios
If the universe culminates in a Big Rip, galaxies, stars, planets and spacetime itself would be torn apart, as illustrated here. That’s just one of several possible end times discussed in The End of Everything.
Eventually, the universe will end. And it won’t be pretty.
The universe is expanding at an accelerating clip, and that evolution, physicists expect, will lead the cosmos to a conclusion. Scientists don’t know quite what that end will look like, but they have plenty of ideas. In The End of Everything, theoretical astrophysicist Katie Mack provides a tour of the admittedly bleak possibilities. But far from being depressing, Mack’s account mixes a sense of reverence for the wonders of physics with an irreverent sense of humor and a disarming dose of candor.
Some potential finales are violent: If the universe’s expansion were to reverse, the cosmos collapsing inward in a Big Crunch, extremely energetic swells of radiation would ignite the surfaces of stars, exploding them. Another version of the end is quieter but no less terrifying: The universe’s expansion could continue forever. That end, Mack writes, “like immortality, only sounds good until you really think about it.” Endless expansion would beget a state known as “heat death” — a barren universe that has reached a uniform temperature throughout (SN: 10/2/09). Stars will have burned out, and black holes will have evaporated until no organized structures exist. Nothing meaningful will happen anymore because energy can no longer flow from one place to another. In such a universe, time ceases to have meaning.
Perhaps more merciful than the purgatory of heat death is the possibility of a Big Rip, in which the universe’s expansion accelerates faster and faster, until stars and planets are torn apart, molecules are shredded and the very fabric of space is ripped apart.
These potential endings are all many billions of years into the future — or perhaps much further off. But there’s also the possibility that the universe could end abruptly at any moment. That demise would not be a result of expansion or contraction, but due to a phenomenon called vacuum decay. If the universe turns out to be fundamentally unstable, a tiny bubble of the cosmos could convert to a more stable state. Then, the edge of that bubble would expand across the cosmos at the speed of light, obliterating anything in its path with no warning. In a passage a bit reminiscent of a Kurt Vonnegut story, Mack writes, “Maybe it’s for the best that you don’t see it coming.”
Already known for her engaging Twitter personality, public lectures and popular science writing, Mack has well-honed scientific communication chops. Her evocative writing about some of the most violent processes in the universe, mixed with her obvious glee at the unfathomable grandness of it all, should both satisfy longtime physics fans and inspire younger generations of physicists.
Reading Mack’s prose feels like learning physics from a brilliant, quirky friend. The book is sprinkled with plenty of informal quips: “I’m not going to sugarcoat this. The universe is frickin’ weird.” Readers will find themselves good-naturedly rolling their eyes at some of the goofy footnotes and nerdy pop-culture references. At the same time, the book delves deep into gritty physics details, thoroughly explaining important concepts like the cosmic microwave background — the oldest light in the universe — and tackling esoteric topics in theoretical physics. Throughout, Mack does an excellent job of recognizing where points of confusion might trip up a reader and offers clarity instead.
Mack continues a long-standing tradition of playfulness among physicists. That’s how we got stuck with somewhat cheesy names for certain fundamental particles, such as “charm” and “strange” quarks, for example. But she also brings an emotional openness that is uncommon among scientists. Sometimes this is conveyed by declarations in all caps about how amazing the universe is. But other times, it comes when Mack makes herself vulnerable by leveling with the reader about how unnerving this topic is: “I’m trying not to get hung up on it … the end of this great experiment of existence. It’s the journey, I repeat to myself. It’s the journey.”
Yes, this is a dark subject. Yes, the universe will end, and everything that has ever happened, from the tiniest of human kindnesses to the grandest of cosmic explosions, will one day be erased from the record. Mack struggles with what the inevitable demise of everything means for humankind. By contemplating the end times, we can refine our understanding of the universe, but we can’t change its fate.
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A new image of the planet-forming disk around the young star RU Lup reveals a beautiful and unexpected massive spiral of gas, reminiscent of a spiral galaxy.
In a surprising discovery, the ALMA telescope in Chile captured this image of a massive spiral of gas surrounding the planet-forming disk of the young star RU Lup.
Image via ALMA (ESO/ NAOJ/ NRAO)/ J. Huang/ AUI/ NSF/ S. Dagnello.
Planets form in orbit around stars, in great spinning wheels of dust and gas. In recent decades, scientists have acquired images of these protoplanetary disks, and for the most part the disks look quite similar to each other, with discernible gaps in them planets are forming. Now new observations of one such disk, around the young star RU Lup, show that some protoplanetary disks are more complex and chaotic than first thought. Astronomers announced on August 3, 2020, that the disk surrounding RU Lup isn’t only larger than previously known, but also has a distinctly spiral shape, not unlike a spiral galaxy.
The new observations, by scientists at the Center for Astrophysics, Harvard & Smithsonian (CfA), were made using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in Chile, and the peer-reviewed results were published in The Astrophysical Journal on the same day.
RU Lup is located in our sky in the direction of the constellation Lupus. The star is estimated to be about 400 light-years from Earth. ALMA had taken high-resolution images of the RU Lup disk before, but the new ones focused more on the gas in the disk instead of the dust. They revealed not only the originally seen protoplanetary disk with its gaps where planets are forming, but also a much larger, encompassing, more complex structure that looked like a mini-galaxy with spiral arms.
The spiral structure around RU Lup extends to nearly 1,000 astronomical units (AU) from the star – that is, 1,000 Earth-sun units of distance – much farther than the star’s dust disk, which extends to about 60 AU. Jane Huang of CfA, lead author of the new paper, said:
We discovered a complex set of spiral arms in carbon monoxide (CO) emission extending to nearly 1,000 astronomical units from the young star RU Lup, which has previously been found to exhibit signs of ongoing planet formation via concentric dust gaps in its protoplanetary disk. The CO emission reveals complex structures in the planet-formation environment that are invisible in dust observations alone.
ALMA image of the galaxy-like spiral formation of gas around the protoplanetary disk of the young star RU Lup. The inset shows a previous observation of the central dust disk.
Image via ALMA (ESO/ NAOJ/ NRAO)/ J. Huang/ S. Andrews/ AUI/ NSF/ S. Dagnello.
Previous observations with ALMA had already shown evidence of planetary formation in this disk. Huang said:
But we also noticed some faint carbon monoxide (CO) gas structures that extended beyond the disk. That’s why we decided to observe the disk around the star again, this time focusing on the gas instead of the dust.
Protoplanetary disks can look very organized, with neat, regular rings of dust surrounding a star. Unusual stellar brightness variations had been seen at RU Lup before, however, and were not yet explained. Huang said:
The planet-forming environment can be much more complex and chaotic than implied by the numerous, well-known images of concentric ringed protoplanetary disks mapped in millimeter continuum emission.
The fact that we observed this spiral structure in the gas after a deep observation suggests that we have likely not seen the full diversity and complexity of planet-forming environments. We may have missed much of the gas structures in other disks.
Protoplanetary disks are known to contain much more gas than dust, but seeing this gas around RU Lup in such a massive spiral formation was surprising.
The star RU Lup is located in the constellation Lupus.
Image via IAU/ Sky & Telescope/ NRAO/ AUI/ NSF/ S. Dagnello.
As usually happens, the new observations raise more questions than they provide answers. How did these huge spiral arms form? Huang’s team suggests that the disk may be collapsing under its own gravity due to its significant mass, or it may be accreting interstellar matter through environmental interactions. But neither of those are a simple answer, according to Sean Andrews, CfA astrophysicist and co-author on the paper:
None of these scenarios completely explain what we have observed. There might be unknown processes happening during planet formation that we have not yet accounted for in our models. We will only learn what they are if we find other disks out there that look like RU Lup.
Huang commented that a broader approach to studying “planet factories” – that is, stars with protoplanetary disks – might be needed:
The RU Lup results show that some important information about the disk structure can only be identified through mapping the molecular emission. These results indicate that it will be important going forward to invest as much time in surveying molecular emission as has been invested in surveying dust emission.
The process of planet formation seemed fairly straightforward when images of protoplanetary disks showed nice orderly disks of concentric rings around the stars, with the planets forming in the gaps. But the new observations of RU Lup indicate that view is too simplistic.
A spiral galaxy, NGC 1232, as seen on September 21, 1998, by ESO. Interestingly, in the early 20th century, some astronomers believed that the spiral-shaped objects seen through their telescopes – called spiral nebulae at the time – were indeed forming solar systems.
There are many other spiraling forms in nature as well, including snail shells, flower petals, pine cones, snakes, storms, DNA and curly hair. Here’s a great collection of photos on Pinterest of spirals in nature, for you to browse.
Spirals are common in nature. The spiraling Fibonacci sequence can be easily seen at the hearts of sunflowers.
Russo-Chinese outer space and lunar cooperation fits the national and strategic interests of both Moscow and Beijing, says international affairs and security analyst Mark Sleboda, who sheds light on the hidden strings in Washington's bold moon programme Artemis.
Russia's State Corporation for Space Activities (Roscosmos) envisions launching a manned flight to the Moon by 2030, according the agency's chief, Dmitriy Rogozin, who recently named China as the most likely partner for Russia to create a brand new base on the Earth's natural satellite.
The US, which has been developing its own ambitious Artemis project, is eyeing the unfolding Sino-Russian lunar collaboration with skepticism and apparent displeasure: "Rogozin would prefer that Russia join with China as a space partner. For a variety of reasons, the move would seem to be crazy from the point of view of Russia’s national interests", The Hill claimed on 19 July. Earlier, on 5 May, Reuters reported that despite longstanding Russo-American cooperation on the ISS, the Artemis Accords do not include Russia "as an early partner".
Washington's Artemis Accords & 'Privatisation' of Space
"The US has a nasty habit of declaring what other countries' national interests 'should be', that suspiciously always dovetail with their own", remarks Mark Sleboda, a US military veteran and international affairs and security analyst. "Sino-Russian cooperation in space is natural, logical, and extremely beneficial to Russia's national interests".
The Hill's op-ed came on the heels of Rogozin dubbing the Artemis endeavour "more of a political project for the US".
"With the lunar project, we are seeing our US partners move away from the principles of cooperation and mutual support that have developed with cooperation on the International Space Station", the Roscosmos chief told Russian newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda on 15 July. "They see their program not as international but as similar to NATO. Here is the US, and the rest 'must assist it and pay to it'. We are not very interested in participating in such a project".
The NASA-led Artemis programme was initially kicked off by the Trump administration in 2017 with the goal of landing "the first woman and the next man" on the Moon by 2024 as well as commercial lunar mining. To this end the Trump administration drafted an international agreement providing the participants with the "rights" for exploration of the natural satellite's resources.
"The so-called 'Artemis Accords', which would have served as a fig leaf of 'legal justification" for the Artemis program, present a greater potential danger to the future of humanity in space if they are picked up by future US presidential administrations", Sleboda opines. "Whatever the rhetorical protestations to the contrary, the [accords] clearly lay a blueprint for territorial claims on the Moon under the auspices of 'safety zones' and 'exploration rights'".
The agreement paves the way for de facto "colonization" and "privatization" of the natural resources of the moon which contradicts the spirit of the 1967 Outer Space Treaty (of which the US is a signatory), he warns.
Still, according to Sleboda, the Artemis programme itself "is yet another one of those grandiose Trumpian plans, much like his 'Wall', with little to no chance of success, in no small part due to partisan political warfare inside the halls of Washington and financial restraints".
To fund its great moon adventure the White House would have to slash the budgets of numerous existing Democrat-supported programs including STEM education and climate change monitoring.
"Congressional Democrats have responded in kind by freezing NASA spending in the 2021 budget and earmarked just a fraction of the funding, reportedly just $628 million of the requested and needed $3.4 billion spending, for Artemis in its first year", the analyst notes.
Volunteers smile from inside a simulated space cabin in which they temporarily live as a part of the scientistic Lunar Palace 365 Project, at Beihang University in Beijing, China July 9, 2017.
Why Russia and China are Natural Allies in Space
While the US-Russian lunar collaboration is still under deliberation, "there is every potential for Sino-Russian cooperation in space to be both very successful and very beneficial to both countries", according to Sleboda.
"Russia and China currently are at the highest level of relations and cooperation that they have historically enjoyed - politically, geopolitically, economically, and in scientific-technical areas", he observes.
In addition to continuous cooperation with the US, EU and other countries in the sphere of space research, Russia embarked on outer space collaboration with the People's Republic three years ago. In 2017, Moscow and Beijing signed a milestone agreement envisaging lunar and deep space exploration, satellites and their applications, earth remote sensing and space debris research – to name just a few areas – from 2018 to 2022.
"In terms of space research and exploration, Russia and China complement each other very well", Sleboda deems:
· on the one hand, "Russia has a long history of space achievements, experience, space technology, and technical expertise";
· on the other hand, China, which is "a relative new-comer to space with a still-developing space industry and institutions", has "a surfeit of political will and capital to invest in such ventures".
In addition to giving a boost to the countries' technological and economic development, the Russo-Chinese space collaboration could counter the US attempts to isolate the People's Republic and upend its high-tech rise outlined in Xi Jinping's “Made in China 2025” (MIC25) strategy.
"The scientific-technical cooperation of Russia and China in space research and development will undoubtedly have spin-offs, applications, and uses and pay dividends in other spheres - more generally economically and militarily. The two are thus stronger together, technologically as well", Sleboda stresses.
Russian Moon base plans
How Washington Facilitates Sino-Russian Rapprochement
The countries' mutual rapprochement is not surprising: the US decision to tear apart longstanding arms control deals, as well as trade restrictions, sanctions policy and multi-dimensional pressure exerted on both Beijing and Moscow is driving the two closer to each other, according to the analyst.
"The US now believes fully in the perpetuation of the unipolar world of primacy that developed after the dissolution of the Soviet Union", the US military veteran highlights. "It is the US that has unilaterally initiated decoupling with Russia on both arms control and space cooperation, thus sparking a new intertwined arms Race and space Race. Russia needed a new partner for both security and scientific cooperation. China was the obvious choice".
However, what is more troubling is Washington's incentive to "militarise" the cosmos by creating the US Space Force (USSF), the new warfare service branch of the US Armed Forces, as well as the development of anti-satellite weapons, according to the analyst. While announcing the establishment of the new Pentagon unit in June 2018, Donald Trump specifically underlined the need to "have American dominance in space".
"What happens on Earth will increasingly be spread to and continued in space", Sleboda warns. "Military thinkers conceive of space, and the Moon more locally, as the ultimate strategic high ground. The militarisation of space has already been underway for almost two decades".
The security analyst foresees that if current geopolitical trends continue, "then it is almost certain that a 'race' for the Moon, Mars, the asteroid belt, and beyond will develop between US-led Western hegemony and a Sino-Russian alliance in space in the coming decades".
Sitting within a small hilltop village in the Languedoc region of southern France is the quaint village of Rennes-le-Château. It is typical of the charming scenery and quiet villages of the area, and there might normally be nothing to make it stand out from many others like it, but this location has become ground zero for a good amount of conspiracy theories and mystery. In the late 19th century there would begin here a mysterious tale that has gone on to inspire numerous books and movies and to put this little village on the map, encompassing strange figures, secrets, and the allure of lost, forbidden treasure.
The story revolves around a Catholic priest by the name of Father François-Bérenger Saunière, who in the late 19th century was posted at the village as the curé of the tiny church of St. Mary Magdalene. At only 33 years of age, Saunière was young, industrious, and perhaps a bit too charming for his own good, supposedly making the rounds with some of the village women despite his priestly vows, and he had also raised controversy for preaching anti-republican sermons during the French elections of 1885, but this was to be the least of the rumors surrounding this enigmatic man. At the time Saunière first arrived in Rennes-le-Château the place was a backwater town of poor peasants. The church was decrepit and run down, with broken windows, cracked, peeling walls, a leaky roof, and grounds that were feral and weed infested, and Saunier himself was far from wealthy. Indeed, he was living a life of poverty much like others in the village. He received next to no salary from the church, he was known to be fairly deep in debt by the time he arrived here, and he lived with one of his parishioners on a tiny hovel near the church grounds out of necessity. It was enough that Saunière knew something had to be done, and he began a major push to collect donations in order to renovate the dilapidated church.
The church began to take on to take a more respectable visage as the efforts went on little by little, but at some point Saunière suddenly began to splurge great amounts of money on a major push for refurbishment. The entire church was refloored, walls were replaced and new pillars and alters were installed, and a sculptor by the name of Giscard of Toulouse was commissioned to adorn the church with numerous statues and grand paintings at great expense. The amounts he was suddenly spending on construction, redecorating and renovations were far beyond what would have been expected from mere donations and handouts from the poverty-stricken villagers, and he also bought large tracts of land, had a sprawling estate, made for his residence, the Villa Bethania, complete with a pool and private zoo, and had several new structures built on the property, such as the grand tower called the Tour Magdala.
It all seemed to come from absolutely nowhere, and rumors were soon doing the rounds that shortly before this newfound splurging he had been seen digging around in the graveyards and countryside at night by the flickering light of a candle as if looking for something. Before long there were whispered rumors that the priest had found some sort of treasure map within the walls of the church, and that he had stumbled across vast amount of wealth hidden somewhere in the surrounding wilds. After all, how else could he have suddenly gained such vast sums of money in such a short amount of time?
At the time, Saunière’s sudden, prodigious spending and wealth did not go unnoticed by the church. In their mind the only possible explanation was that the priest was engaging in the illegal practice of selling masses. According to church doctrine, a priest was allowed to give three masses a day for which they were granted permission to receive a small fee for requested prayers for the dead, but the church came to the conclusion that for him to have made so much money, Saunière had likely been performing thousands of illicit masses for money, many of which he had probably received money for but never actually carried out. He was sent several warnings by the church to cease this behavior immediately, but Saunière ignored them, as well as a request that he be reappointed in a new area. So strongly did he feel against moving from his beloved Rennes-le-Château that he resigned and became an independent, unpaid free priest.
Indeed, Saunière did very little to cooperate with the Church’s investigation into his alleged illegal activities. He refused to show up for hearings and was very evasive with his bookkeeping and records on his spending, leading to a series of suspensions from the church, and through it all he denied that he had ever trafficked in masses. Indeed, Saunière would never divulge how he had received his wealth, and took the secret to his grave with him in 1917, when he died penniless, oddly enough. The only who is said to have known the truth behind his previous riches was his maidservant, Marie Dénarnaud, who promised she would tell the secret before she died, but she was struck with a sudden cerebral hemorrhage in 1953 that left her paralyzed and unable to speak, ensuring that she too took it to the grave. And so in the void of actual answers the conspiracies, mysteries, and speculation have swirled around the mysterious wealth for decades.
One of the most popular ideas came into the picture in 1946, with a tale spun by restaurant owner Noël Corbu, who purchased the estate from Dénarnaud. Corbu claimed that during church renovations Saunière had come across parchments in the hollow pillar beneath his altar that were connected to the legendary treasure of Blanche of Castile, the 13th century Queen of France by marriage to Louis VIII, and who is said to have amassed a treasure of 28,500,000 gold pieces that she hid away somewhere in Rennes-le-Château. This idea is that the priest found a map to this treasure, and although it was almost certainly completely made up by Corbu, the theory would gain a lot of popularity in the press, and it would bring in treasure hunters from all over the world, as Corbu claimed that most of the treasure was still hidden out there.
His story went on to inspire the 1967 book L’Or de Rennes, by Gérard de Sède. This book would present all of this as historical fact, and even produce actual copies of the alleged parchment, which were found to be forgeries that had been planted in the National Library of France. Nevertheless, the book would go on to in turn serve as the inspiration for the 1982 book The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail, which speculated that Saunière had been part of the group the Priory of Sion, and had made his money by blackmailing the Vatican after discovering that Jesus Christ and Mary Magdalene had been married, and had produced offspring that eventually became the Merovingian Dynasty. Elements of this would go on to influence Dan Brown’s smash bestselling novel The Da Vinci Code in 2003, which the character Jacques Saunière even named after the priest. Other ideas are that Saunière found a treasure left by the Knights Templar or the Cathars, and even that he had found the actual Holy Grail along with the loot.
There have been countless other books, movies, and articles along these lines, but despite how romantic the idea of secret societies and lost treasure is, the most likely probability is that it was just how the Church thought; that Saunière was a swindling mass trafficker. There is no evidence he ever found some vast stash of treasure, and it is widely believed that he was not above cajoling people out of their money and that he did on occasion indeed sell prayers, even allegedly buying a directory of clergymen in 1899, supposedly so that he could contact other priests all over the country for his scam. The only problem is that detractors from this argument point out that a prayer would typically sell for just one franc a piece, and considering the exorbitant amount of money he was blowing, it is seen as impossible that he could have raised all of it just by selling masses. Still, considering Saunière’s purported charm, he could have supplemented this with other scams and tricks, along with perhaps even looting the graves of the dead, so maybe what we are looking at here is just a very good conman. So was he just an ace at fooling and swindling people, or did Saunière manage to find some sort of mysterious lost treasure? The debate rages on, and does not seem to be going away any time soon.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
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