Belgisch-Russisch onderzoek bewijst: ruimtemissie heeft blijvend effect op menselijk brein - HLN.be

Bron: Belga

Aan de hand van MRI-scans van Russische kosmonauten voor en na hun ruimtemissie in het internationaal ruimtestation ISS, onderzochten de wetenschappers of de hersenen van astronauten veranderingen ondergaat.

Lees ook

Virgin Galactic hoopt op eerste toeristische ruimtevlucht begin volgend jaar

Neuroplasticiteit

“We ontwikkelden een nieuwe beeldvormingstechniek, waarmee we voor het eerst een duidelijk beeld konden krijgen van wat er precies met de hersenen van astronauten gebeurt. In nauwe samenwerking met onderzoekers van de universiteiten van Leuven en Luik en de Russische Academie voor Wetenschappen in Moskou vonden we de eerste aanwijzingen voor neuroplasticiteit, of het vermogen van het brein om zich aan te passen aan een veranderde omgeving of situatie”, legt dr. Ben Jeurissen uit.

Specifiek vonden de wetenschappers neuroplasticiteit in de belangrijkste motorische regio’s van het brein. “Dat wijst erop dat het brein verandert om aangepaste strategieën voor beweging toe te laten in gewichtloze toestand”, vervolgt onderzoeker Steven Jillings. “We zagen ook dat deze neuroplasticiteit nog gedeeltelijk aanwezig was zeven maanden na terugkeer op aarde, wat wijst op een leereffect. Dit is wellicht voordelig voor volgende ruimtemissies.”

Herverdeling van vloeistof

Het onderzoek bevestigde ook bevindingen van andere recente studies die aantonen dat de vloeistof rondom en in het brein zich herverdeelt, wat een meer direct fysisch gevolg is van gewichtloosheid. Deze studie toonde aan dat deze herverdeling van vloeistof niet volledig terugkeert naar de toestand van voor de ruimtemissie. Dat geldt ook voor het scherp zien, een probleem waar meer dan de helft van de Amerikaanse astronauten mee kampt.

Het gaat om belangrijke vaststellingen met het oog op langdurige missies, zoals naar Mars, besluit prof. Floris Wuyts. De onderzoekspaper verschijnt in het wetenschappelijk hoog aangeschreven tijdschrift Science Advances.

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

06-09-2020 om 22:11 geschreven door peter  

Antarctica's Hidden Elite Underground Bases and Other Anomalies aka Illuminati Disneyland

Antarctica Hidden Elite Underground Bases and Other Anomalies 

Join Brad Olsen to explore the possibility of massive craft under the ice, pyramids in the Shackleton Range, megalithic architecture being uncovered, and the possibility of giants and Ice Age animals being uncovered from the ice. Could Antarctica be the lost continent of Atlantis? Why are many of the elite going down there, to a location called the “Illuminati Disneyland”? These locations and more will be explored!

Brad will describe some of the research stations he visited, and the work that is being performed down there by scientists… and more.

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{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

06-09-2020 om 21:59 geschreven door peter  

UFO Matches Speed With Space Station For 40 Minutes! Sept 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Sept 1, 2020
Location of sighting: Earths Orbit at Space Station
Source: NASA Live ISS Cam

Hey guys, having a hell of a time with this video I recorded at the space station. Programs and my computer keeps crashing. Not sure why. This was recorded in two parts, first part is a close up, because I wanted to see it more clearly. The second half is full screen normal view. The full video is about 40+ minutes but I put it in 4X faster to make it shorter. 

It seems that aliens are stepping up their activity and sightings for some unknown reason. Something big is coming I bet.

The beginning is the most important because you really see the UFO is round, matches speeds (27,000 km per hour) with the ISS and is a solid object in space...not a light reflection. In the beginning the UF O is the only thing lit up, while the space station is still dark. I never heard NASA say a single word over the live feed, so I decided to put the video with music, since my putting my voice on it may crash again. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

06-09-2020 om 21:33 geschreven door peter  

Glowing Green UFO Over Chennai, India, Sept 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Sept 2020
Location of sighting: Chennai, India

You can hear the eyewitnesses excitement that this UFO is causing over the city of Chennai, India. Aliens deliberately allow themselves to be seen in order to create more awareness of their existence. But they do not want to hurt anyone and do not want to cause any fear. So...they reveal themselves around the world little by little in hopes one day humanity will know about them and on that day...they will land and greet us. 
Scott C. Waring 

Eyewitness states: 

We are not sure whether it's an ufo or something else but it was green in color.

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

06-09-2020 om 21:25 geschreven door peter  

UFO Fleet Astonish Medellin Residents, Colombia, Sept, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Sept 2, 2020
Location of sighting: Medallin, Colombia
Source: Instagram user AlRojoVivo

Anther Phoenix Lights incident just happened ing Medallin, Colombia. Residents were witnesses to an event that lasted a long time and the lights changed color and sometimes organized into a group. This is absolute proof that aliens are still trying to make the public aware of their existence. An effort on their part is being made. 

"Look at the shape it's making, in other words, a triangle," says a young woman recording the event. 

The videos were taken from different parts of the city of Medellín. In an interview with UFO researcher Juan Jesús Vallejo on the Al Rojo Vivo program, the guest assured that "[the objects] move in an intelligent and coordinated manner. This sighting lasted a long time."

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

06-09-2020 om 21:20 geschreven door peter  

Giant Hole Opens Up In Siberia, UFO Tunnel To Underground Alien Base! Photos, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: September 2020

Location of discovery: Siberia

 

Another massive hole appeared in the Siberian tundra this week. No explosion heard, seen or recorded. The hole just suddenly appeared there over night. Scientists all argue about the exact cause of the holes and how they were made. One theory says its caused by a gas build up under the surface. But that would not make an even hole every time. 

 

These holes are caused by the alien technology opening and closing the dirt, but when some small air pockets exist in the dirt, and the UFO travels through, the the opening is closed...but the air pockets cause the dirt to fall. Its created using the same technology that opens and closes the entire city area. Very easy, very fast. These holes are just the beginning of the tunnels. They lead 4-6km below the surface to alien bases below. These bases can have 5,000-15,000 aliens living in them. Its basically an underground city for them. Even has its own climate and weather. In the cities are not one species but 56 species or more (according to Rocca Pia, Italy Case) sharing the city...and some were born on Earth...so...what do we call those unique ones? They are not aliens if they were born here. You solve one mystery...another opens up. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

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{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

06-09-2020 om 21:10 geschreven door peter  

While astronauts working outside on the International Space Station the live feed cam captures a unidentified flying object flying above the earth at high speed. 

It is always the question whether the speeding object is a UFO or a man-made spacecraft, but it seems the object is equipped with antenna or legs and it looks to be spinning clockwise since you can see the antenna or legs going from underneath the object around the top. 

The footage captured on April 6, 2020 starts at the 2.15 mark and shows the object in normal and slow speed as well as zoomed in.

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

06-09-2020 om 18:59 geschreven door peter  

UNICEF Video Stirs Acceptance of Reptilian Aliens

To say the least, this new clip was posted all over the Chilean network back in 2015 as right off the bat, a lot of red flags can be seen with it.

United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF) officially commissioned the video. The message appears to be metaphorically meant to represent different races. Still, others offered a theory that it could be a way for UNICEF to normalize the thought of mixing aliens into our society.

The video starts with a child that is welcomed into the classroom. Conspiracy theorists described the child as “a rather strange alien.” The child in the video appeared to be mocked and ridiculed at first for being different, which could be taken as a metaphor for anyone that feels different.

The clip ends positively as the child becomes popular after showing off his psychic abilities.

The Vatican owned the UNICEF, which is mainly led by the Scholas Occurrentes Initiative. Many conspiracy theorists believe that the video was only one of many as more videos are expected to be released for children to see, essentially preparing them into thinking that accepting humans into our society is wrong.

The practice is good as most of us wanted to meet up with friendly aliens. However, many conspiracy theorists believe this does come off as rather forced. Could the Vatican be connected with extraterrestrials after all? Let us know what you think in the comment section.

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{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

06-09-2020 om 18:35 geschreven door peter  

How in the heck has red rust developed on Earth’s moon?

With all the talk of aliens and UFOs recently, it seems like proper timing that a new discovery from our closest cosmic neighbor has been revealed. The Moon was the first frontier of outer space that humanity was able to breach in person, and even 31 years later so much remains to be learned. 

Man hasn’t been to the Moon in decades, but that doesn’t mean scientists haven’t kept on learning. When Shuai Li of the University of Hawaii noticed unexpected imaging on the Moon’s polar spectra, researchers were mind-boggled to find the cause. 

Is the red discovery of rust on the Moon another leap for mankind? Read on to learn all about the shocking new discovery. 

Red rust dust on the Moon? So what? 

While rust might not seem like the most interesting thing in the world, it’s certainly a surprising and exciting thing to have found on the Moon. To find out that Earth’s Moon is red with rust means that humanity has discovered all new things about its composition. 

It was originally posited that rust on the Moon is impossible. Why, you may ask. Well, there are three conditions that are essential to the formation of rust: oxygen, water, and oxidative conditions (meaning a situation in which a substance can lose electrons).

The Moon was not thought to have these essential conditions. 

How water helped bring red to the Moon 

The Moon is not exactly known for its abundance of water. Originally it was thought that no water existed on the Moon at all. While it’s true that no liquid water exists on the Moon, scientists discovered that there is indeed ice on the Moon and even water vapor which quickly dissipates into outer space. There’s one rust condition satisfied. 

The place where the most water resides on the Moon is on its poles. The southern pole is especially hospitable to water because it has numerous permanently shadowed craters where the ice can form. Ever since the discovery of this water scientists have speculated that the Moon may be more rich with minerals than first thought. 

The especially unlikely requirement for rust: oxygen 

We breathe in oxygen all the time on Earth, but it’s an especially scarce substance on the Moon. The reason for this is because of the Moon’s very thin atmosphere. Solar winds are constantly blasting away at the Moon’s surface because it doesn’t have a magnetic field like Earth does. 

These solar winds bring with them loads of charged oxygen, creating electron-gaining conditions, which is the complete opposite of what’s necessary for the formation of rust. Since the discovery of the Moon having rust, scientists have been forced to consider special ways that oxygen and oxidizing conditions might have made it to the Moon. 

The prevailing theory at the moment is that Earth is responsible. Earth’s magnetic field streams along behind it as it orbits. Scientists think that oxygen from Earth’s upper atmosphere rides this tail of a magnetic field called a “magnetotail” all the way to the Moon. 

If that’s the case, then voila, the last conditions for rust. This is an exciting discovery because it takes man one step closer to colonization on the moon. If the cool name of magnetotail didn’t give you a thrill then that at least should! 

Stellar movies about outer space 

All this talk of outer space make you feel like watching a space movie? You might give the movie High Life a try. It’s a sci-fi space adventure starring Robert Pattinson about a father and daughter being the last survivors of a dangerous space mission. 

Another movie you might look into is Lucy in the Sky. It’s a sci-fi drama about an astronaut who returns to Earth and starts losing touch with reality because of how much smaller the world seems. 

If neither of those do it for you, check out Europa Report. You’ll like it if you’re in the mood for a thriller. Six astronauts go on a mission to research newly discovered single-cell life on one of Jupiter’s moons. We’ll give you a hint. It’s not friendly. 

{ https://filmdaily.co/ }

05-09-2020 om 23:57 geschreven door peter  

Nasa launches rover in mission to find signs of ancient life on Mars – video

Some astrobiologists – scientists who study the possibility of life on other worlds – think our view is too parochial. We only know of one kind of life: the terrestrial sort. All living things on Earth are made from cells adapted to a watery environment, using molecular machinery built from proteins and encoded as genes in DNA. Few scientists think that extraterrestrial life – if it exists at all – would rely on the same chemicals. “It would be wrong to assume that our familiar biochemistry is what we’re going to find on other planets,” says Kershenbaum. Titan’s surface, for example, is too cold (minus 179C) for liquid water, but the Huygens lander mission of 2005 revealed lakes of another kind, made from hydrocarbons like those in petrol, mainly methane and ethane.

Rothschild thinks the universal rules of chemistry narrow some of the options. “I have difficulty imagining another life form that is not based on carbon,” she says. So it makes sense to design life-seeking planetary missions with that in mind. Water too “has a ton of advantages” as life’s solvent. Even if there were interesting chemical reactions happening in the methane lakes of Titan, they would be slowed down greatly by the frigid temperatures. Could life proceed at such a glacial pace? Planetary scientist Stuart Bartlett of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena is keeping an open mind. “There could be organisms floating in Titan’s atmosphere that essentially drink petrol to sustain themselves,” he says.

It has long been thought that any entities that warrant being called alive share attributes that don’t depend on their precise chemical composition. It’s frustratingly difficult, however, to say just what those general qualities are. Living systems – even bacteria – are extremely complex, maintained by information that passes (in our case via genes) between generations and creates organisation. But that’s not the cold, dead order of crystals, where atoms are stacked in regular patterns. It’s more like the dynamic order of a city or a cloud formation, which scientists say is “out of equilibrium”: it is constantly fed with energy and doesn’t settle into a static state.

When James Lovelock, now known for the Gaia hypothesis that proposes our entire planet is akin to a living entity, was involved in designing the Viking landers in the 1970s, he suggested looking for such chemical disequilibrium in the environment – which perhaps only life could sustain over geological timescales. But states of “ordered disequilibrium” can also be found in non-living systems, such as flowing liquids, so this criterion alone doesn’t single out life.

Bartlett, working with astrobiologist Michael Wong of the University of Washington in Seattle, argues that we need to escape the straitjacket of Earth-based thinking about life. They propose introducing a broader category called “lyfe” (pronounced, in an oddly West Country fashion, as “loif”), of which life as we know it is just one variation. “Our proposal attempts to break free of some of the potential prejudices due to us being part of this one instantiation of lyfe,” says Bartlett.

They suggest four criteria for lyfe:

1. It draws on energy sources in its environment that keep it from becoming uniform and unchanging.
2. It grows exponentially (for example by replication).
3. It can regulate itself to stay stable in a changing environment.
4. It learns and remembers information about that environment. Darwinian evolution is an example of such learning over very long timescales: genes preserve useful adaptations to particular circumstances.

The two researchers say there are “sublyfe” systems that only meet some of these criteria, and also perhaps “superlyfe” that meets additional ones: lyfe forms that have capabilities beyond ours and that might look on us as we do on complex but non-living processes such as crystal growth.

An artist’s impression of a liquid hydrocarbon sea on Saturn’s moon Titan, a promising hunting ground for life in our solar system.

Photograph: Nasa/Reuters

Bartlett and Wong also question whether lyving things must have sharp physical boundaries. After all, while we might imagine that we are simply everything inside our skin, we depend on other organisms within us: the microbiome of bacteria in our guts. And some philosophers argue that our minds extend beyond our brains and bodies, for example into our technological devices. “We argue for lyfe being a process that probably happens on the scale of whole planets,” says Bartlett. Walker agrees that “the only natural boundary for living processes is the planetary” – reminiscent of Lovelock’s Gaia hypothesis.

But without some confining boundary for the molecular ingredients, says Rothschild, all the components of a living system would get diluted away in its environment, like droplets of ink in water. And Kershenbaum says separate, bounded organisms are needed if evolution is Darwinian, because only then is there something else to compete with.

Walker thinks that in fact Bartlett and Wong don’t go far enough in trying to free ideas about life from terracentrism. Their notion of lyfe, she says, “is kicking down the road many of the problems pervasive in current definitions of life by coming up with a broader definition based on existing ones. It still shares many of the same basic problems. We don’t need new definitions for life. What we need is new theories getting at the underlying principles that govern living physics in our universe.”

Another possibility for broadening our view of what life could be is that we become able to make living systems from scratch in the laboratory that are totally unlike any known. “We’re much closer to that than you might think,” Rothschild says. Indeed, it may have already happened and we didn’t recognise it, she adds, only half-jokingly. If we don’t know what we’re looking for, some researcher might already have made a new form of life – and flushed it down the sink.

In the end, perhaps we shouldn’t be too sure that life fits any natural definition, Rothschild says. “I believe that what we have right now are non-natural definitions of life, because we have only one data point. I wonder whether life is just what we define it to be.”

“We may discover systems that are so weird and unexpected that we can’t quite decide whether they are alive or not,” says Kershenbaum. “But if we discover something really interesting and complex that doesn’t quite fit the definition of life, that’s still a really exciting achievement. We’re not going to ignore it because it doesn’t fit our definition!”

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{ https://www.theguardian.com/international }

05-09-2020 om 23:39 geschreven door peter  

THE BIZARRE 1954 UFO SIGHTING IN FLORENCE, ITALY

BY RICHARD MILNER

It's tempting to envision UFO sightings as only happening along backwoods roads with no witnesses, no cameras, and a single frothing abductee describing a scene lifted from The X-Files. Throughout both ancient and modern history, however, there have been numerous large-scale UFO sightings, including the military-led Operação Prato in Colares, Brazil, that generated 1,000 pages of documents about actual UFO attacks on civilians, and the Belgium Wave of 1989-90, which, as History reports, resulted in the photograph of a big, triangular ship in the sky. There's the description of a UFO fight and the possible deployment of nuclear weapons in the Mahabarata, which Britannica describes as a Hindu text written in Sanskrit, dating back to 400 BCE. History reports cave paintings depicting modern-looking UFOs. And many more, up through the 21st century.

The 1954 sighting at a football match in Florence, Italy stands out, possibly for how it intervened in a completely commonplace activity, as cited by the BBC. On October 27, during a game between rival teams Fiorentina and Pistoiese, 10,000 fans turned their heads up from the field of Stadio Artemi Franchi and towards the sky. The players stopped, and the ball rolled away, unattended. 

There, above the stadium, were multiple glowing objects. Some looked like eggs, as world cup player Ardico Magnini said, and some like "Cuban cigars," as described by Gigi Boni. Some silvery glitter started falling to the ground, which the newspaper La Nazione would describe as "glass fibers." 

SILVERY STRANDS OF FALLEN ANGEL HAIR

Newspapers immediately referred to the phenomenon as extraterrestrial, and the sand as coming from Mars, specifically. Roberto Pinotti, president of Italy's National UFO Center, rather deliberately describes the objects only as intelligent, technological, and not associated with any known occurrence on Earth. Of course, the material that fell from the sky, which he calls "angel hair," was the most fascinating part of the event, as the substance actually fell in such great quantities and thickness that it draped itself over rooftops, and within an hour, disintegrated.

Professor Giovanni Canneri of the Institute of Chemical Analysis at the University of Florence managed to procure a sample of the silvery substance. Spectrographic analysis indicated that it contained boron, silicon, calcium, and magnesium, and was not radioactive. The testing process, unfortunately, destroyed the sample. On the flip-side, US Air Force pilot and astronomer James McGaha, who calls the entire idea of extraterrestrials mere magic and myth, classified the cigar-shaped UFOs as pieces of a falling meteor, which happened to occur at the same time that, ludicrously, a whole bunch of spiders cast some webs in the sky that draped themselves over houses. Of course, spiderwebs aren't composed of things like boron. 

Whatever happened, it can't be attributed to mass hysteria (clinically known as collective obsessional behavior, according to Medical News Today; more akin to society-wide peer pressure), because there are too many witnesses and records. It's unlikely, though, that a legion of flying spiders was involved.

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05-09-2020 om 23:00 geschreven door peter  

According to the YouTuber, the "saucer" was filmed shortly after take off at around 11:20 a.m. on 20 August, and it doesn't fall into any category of frequently observed structures.

"This thing doesn't look like a drone, it certainly doesn't look like a plane, I mean there's no wings, there's nothing", the conspiracy theorist shared, with many viewers also tempted to believe the object was alien in nature and thus a truly "authentic" catch.

"It’s almost redundant to say amazing footage in 2020 but brilliant footage", one visibly astonished netizen said.

"IMO [in my opinion] this is 100% authentic footage", said another viewer, adding that the object appears to be "moving much faster than commercial air traffic", another commented.

The video comes as a "triangular craft" alleged to belong to the US military was recorded hovering over Indiana. Conspiracy theorists claim it is genuine proof that the "secret spy plane" really exists.

Separately, ufologist Scott C. Waring claimed the other day that there is an "alien base not far off the coast of Dubai". He made the statement after a video (the authenticity of which cannot be verified) sporting a flying saucer in the skies over the UAE's capital and financial hub popped up online.

{ https://sputniknews.com/ }

05-09-2020 om 22:40 geschreven door peter  

Researchers Find Extraterrestrial Amino Acids in Antarctic Meteorite

A team of astrobiologists from NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and the Carnegie Institution for Science has found a wide diversity of amino acids in Asuka 12236, a carbonaceous chondrite meteorite recovered from the Nansen Ice Field in Antarctica by Belgium and Japan researchers in 2012.

This SEM image shows a polished thin section of Asuka 12236. The section is about 1 cm (a third of an inch) across. Most of the bright grains in the image are iron-nickel-metal and/or iron-sulfide. The gray is mostly silicate, with the darker gray areas more magnesium-rich, while the lighter gray areas are more iron-rich. The roundish objects, and some fragments of them, that tend to contain most of the small, bright metal grains are called chondrules, which formed as molten droplets. They are set in a very fine-grained matrix, which is where the organic compounds and presolar grains are found.

Image credit: Carnegie Institution for Science / Conel M. O’D. Alexander.

Lead author Dr. Daniel Glavin of NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and colleagues analyzed Asuka 12236 and found various amino acids, such as glycine, alanine, serine, α-aminoisobutyric acid, isovaline, aspartic and glutamic acids, inside it.

Several lines of evidence suggest that the original chemical makeup of this space rock is the best preserved in a category of carbon-rich meteorites known as CM chondrites.

The interior of this meteorite is so well-preserved because it was exposed to very little liquid water or heat, both when it was still a part of an asteroid and later, when it sat in Antarctica waiting to be discovered.

“It’s fun to think about how these things fall to Earth and happen to be full of all this different information about how the Solar System formed, what it formed from, and how the elements built up in the galaxy,” said co-author Dr. Conel Alexander, a researcher at the Carnegie Institution for Science.

The scientists are learning that the key for amino acids, when it comes to forming and multiplying, is exposure to the perfect conditions inside asteroids.

“You need some liquid water and heat to produce a variety of amino acids. But if you have too much, you can destroy them all,” Dr. Glavin said.

The water would have been produced inside the asteroid that Asuka 12236 came from, as heat from the radioactive decay of certain chemical elements melted the ice that condensed with rock when the asteroid first formed.

Given that Asuka 12236 is so well-preserved, it could have come from a cooler outer layer of the asteroid where it would have come in contact with little heat, and thus, water.

“Though that’s just conjecture for now. There’s still a lot we don’t know about this meteorite,” Dr. Glavin said.

The study authors also found that Asuka 12236 had more left-handed versions of some amino acids.

“There’s a right-handed and left-handed mirror-image version of each amino acid. All known life uses only left-handed amino acids to build proteins,” they said.

“The meteorites are telling us that there was an inherent bias toward left-handed amino acids before life even started. The big mystery is why?”

The left-handed molecules would have needed to be processed in a lot more water than Asuka 12236 seems to have been exposed to.

“It is pretty unusual to have these large left-handed excesses in primitive meteorites,” Dr. Glavin said.

“How they formed is a mystery. That’s why it’s good to look at a variety of meteorites, so we can build a timeline of how these organics evolve over time and the different alteration scenarios.”

“Understanding the kinds of molecules, and their handedness, that were present in the earliest days of the Solar System puts us closer to knowing how the planets and life formed,” said co-author Dr. Jason P. Dworkin, an astrobiologist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.

• The findings were published in the journal Meteoritics and Planetary Science.

_____

• Daniel P. Glavin et al. Abundant extraterrestrial amino acids in the primitive CM carbonaceous chondrite Asuka 12236. Meteoritics and Planetary Science, published online August 20, 2020; doi: 10.1111/maps.13560

{ http://www.sci-news.com/ }

05-09-2020 om 22:15 geschreven door peter  

Mineral Hematite Detected at High Latitudes on Moon

A ferric mineral called hematite (Fe₂O₃) is present at high latitudes on the Moon, mostly associated with east- and equator-facing sides of topographic highs, and is more prevalent on the lunar nearside than the farside, according to an analysis of data collected by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) onboard India’s Chandrayaan-1 mission.

Map of hematite (redder color) on the Moon.

Image credit: Li et al, doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aba1940.

Iron is highly reactive with oxygen, forming reddish rust commonly seen on Earth.

The lunar surface and interior, however, are virtually devoid of oxygen, so pristine metallic iron is prevalent on the Moon and highly oxidized iron has not been confirmed in samples returned from the Apollo missions.

In addition, hydrogen in solar wind blasts the lunar surface, which acts in opposition to oxidation.

So, the presence of highly oxidized iron-bearing minerals, such as hematite, on the Moon is an unexpected discovery.

“Our hypothesis is that lunar hematite is formed through oxidation of lunar surface iron by the oxygen from the Earth’s upper atmosphere that has been continuously blown to the lunar surface by solar wind when the Moon is in Earth’s magnetotail during the past several billion years,” said Dr. Shuai Li, a researcher in the Hawai’i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology at the University of Hawaii.

To make this discovery, Dr. Li and colleagues analyzed hyperspectral reflectance data acquired by the M3 instrument.

“When I examined the M3 data at the polar regions, I found some spectral features and patterns are different from those we see at the lower latitudes or the Apollo samples,” Dr. Li said.

“I was curious whether it is possible that there are water-rock reactions on the Moon. After months investigation, I figured out I was seeing the signature of hematite.”

The researchers found the locations where hematite is present are strongly correlated with water content at high latitudes and are more concentrated on the nearside, which always faces the Earth.

“More hematite on the lunar nearside suggested that it may be related to Earth,” Dr. Li said.

“This reminded me the discovery by JAXA’s Kaguya mission that oxygen from the Earth’s upper atmosphere can be blown to the lunar surface by solar wind when the Moon is in the Earth’s magnetotail.”

“So, Earth’s atmospheric oxygen could be the major oxidant to produce hematite. Water and interplanetary dust impact may also have played critical roles.”

“Interestingly, hematite is not absolutely absent from the farside of the Moon where Earth’s oxygen may have never reached, although much fewer exposures were seen.”

“The tiny amount of water (< 0.1 wt.%) observed at lunar high latitudes may have been substantially involved in the hematite formation process on the lunar farside, which has important implications for interpreting the observed hematite on some water poor S-type asteroids.”

“This discovery will reshape our knowledge about the Moon’s polar regions.”

“Earth may have played an important role on the evolution of the Moon’s surface.”

The discovery is reported in a paper published today in the journal Science Advances.

_____

• Shuai Li et al. 2020. Widespread hematite at high latitudes of the Moon. Science Advances 6 (36): eaba1940; doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aba1940

{ http://www.sci-news.com/ }

05-09-2020 om 22:05 geschreven door peter  

Astronomers Find Misaligned and Warped Protoplanetary Disk around Triple-Star System

Astronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and the SPHERE (Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet Research) instrument on ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) have discovered a rare circumtriple protoplanetary disk with misaligned dust rings around the young hierarchical triple system GW Orionis. They give two possible scenarios for the misalignment: either the disk was torn apart by the gravitational pull from the stars, or by a newborn planet.

GW Orionis is a triple-star system located approximately 1,312 light-years away in the constellation of Orion.

The two inner stars, GW Orionis A and B, orbit each other and are separated by 1 AU (astronomical units). The third star, GW Orionis C, orbits its two siblings at a distance of roughly 8 AU.

In new research, two independent teams of astronomers pointed ALMA at GW Orionis.

They found three separate rings with different orientations in the massive protoplanetary disk of the triple system, located roughly 46, 185, and 340 AU from its center.

The inner ring is very misaligned relative to both the outer rings and the three stars. The outermost ring is the largest ever observed in protoplanetary disks.

If a planet would be forming in the gap between the inner and outer ring, it would be located incredibly far away from the stars. For comparison, Neptune is only about 30 AU from the Sun.

“We were surprised to see the strong misalignment of the inner ring,” said Jiaqing Bi, an astronomer at the University of Victoria and lead author of a paper published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters.

“But the strange warp in the disk is confirmed by a twisted pattern that ALMA measured in the gas of the disk.”

The second team, led by University of Exeter’s Dr. Stefan Kraus, pointed both ALMA and VLT towards the triple star.

They detected warm gas at the inner edge of the misaligned ring and scattered light from the warped surface of the disk.

“In our images, we see the shadow of the inner ring on the outer disk,” said Dr. Kraus, lead author of a paper published today in the journal Science.

“At the same time, ALMA allowed us to measure the precise shape of the ring that casts the shadow.”

“Combining this information allows us to derive the 3D orientation of the misaligned ring and of the warped disk surface.”

Representation of the disk structure and stellar orbit of GW Orionis, as derived from the ALMA and VLT observations by Kraus et al. Orange rings are the (misaligned) rings seen by ALMA. The transparent surfaces correspond to the lower-density dust filaments that connect the rings and that dominate the emission in scattered light.

Image credit: Kraus et al / NRAO / AUI / NSF.

Using telescope arrays operating at infrared wavelengths, the researchers also mapped the orbits of the three stars for over 11 years, covering a full orbital period.

The team found that the three stars do not orbit in the same plane, but that they are misaligned with respect to each other and with respect to the disk.

“This proved crucial to understand how the stars shape the disk,” said Professor John Monnier, an astronomer at the University of Michigan.

Both teams also performed computer simulations to investigate what could possibly cause the inner ring to be misaligned from the rest of the disk and the stars.

Dr. Kraus and colleagues link the observed misalignments to the ‘disk-tearing effect,’ which suggests that the gravitational pull of stars in different planes can warp and break their disks.

Their simulations showed that the misalignment in the orbits of the three stars could cause the disk around them to break into distinct rings.

The simulations by Bi and colleagues hint at another possible explanation for the large misalignment between the inner and middle dust rings.

“Our simulations show that the gravitational pull from the triple stars alone cannot explain the observed large misalignment,” said Dr. Nienke van der Marel, an astronomer at the University of Victoria.

“We think that the presence of a planet between these rings is needed to explain why the disk was torn apart.”

“This planet has likely carved a dust gap and broken the disk at the location of the current inner and outer rings.”

“The inner ring contains enough dust to build 30 Earths, which is sufficient for a planet to form in the ring,” Dr. Kraus said.

“If future studies find this exotic planet — whether it already exists or is still forming — it would be the first planet ever observed to orbit three stars, and it would possess a very unusual orbit.”

_____

• Jiaqing Bi et al. 2020. GW Ori: Interactions between a Triple-star System and Its Circumtriple Disk in Action. ApJL 895, L18; doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab8eb4
• S. Kraus et al. 2020. A triple star system with a misaligned and warped circumstellar disk shaped by disk tearing. Science 369 (6508): 1233-1238; doi: 10.1126/science.aba4633

{ http://www.sci-news.com/news/astronomy }

05-09-2020 om 21:48 geschreven door peter  

Somewhere in the Skies: A Young Voice of Truth

Posted by: Diana Pasulka

The second edition of Somewhere in the Skies: A Human Approach to the UFO Phenomenon, by Ryan Sprague, has been released. This is great news because Sprague’s voice is one of truth and integrity within a field of misinformation and confusion. 

With contemporary culture’s embracing of the reality of UFO events, such as To the Stars Academy of Arts & Science (TTSA) and the Pentagon’s secretive Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program (AATIP), regular features in The New York Times, Sprague keeps the news local and personal. His narrative of UFO events, encounters, and reports are authentic. He interviews regular people who never wanted to see UFOs in the first place and academics and scientists who didn’t want to cover the phenomena. That is what sets Sprague’s work apart from interested parties. He is not selling newspapers. He covers the stories and experiences of people who haven’t been chosen, those who did not want to be pilots or aerospace scientists, but nevertheless have confronted the ineffable and are coming to terms with what that means for them, and for us.

This expanded edition includes updates from almost all witnesses and experiencers from the 2016 edition of the book, digging deeper and seeing how their thoughts or beliefs have changed or evolved. For some, the experiences even continued. Sprague also contributes brand new chapters of UFO cases that have never been made public before.

Sprague’s work is based on the reality of the phenomena and not on the media narratives that circulate about it. This is why I read everything Sprague publishes because I know he embodies the strategy of one of the best researchers of the phenomena: Dr. Jacques Vallee. 

Vallee cautioned researchers to stay away from the media frenzy around UFO events, and instead focus on the local, the personal, and those cases that were not the focus of media, Hollywood, or Netflix. Sprague’s work is authentic. He interviews people who never sought out these experiences but were changed by them in ways that can be compared to religious conversions. They became aware of a universe more varied with life and possibilities than they had known before. Sprague’s work opens this world to us, in accessible and non-politicized language. As stated above, Sprague’s work is a breath of fresh air, and it’s clear that as the phenomenon evolves, so will our understanding of it, through the lens and voices of those who experience it. And Sprague will be there to dissect and try to make sense of these stories, one experience at a time.

• Purchase on Amazon in paperback or E-book and learn more at: www.somewhereintheskies.com.

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{ http://www.openminds.tv/ }

05-09-2020 om 21:15 geschreven door peter  

Woman Recounts Series of UFO Sightings in and around Madison, Wisconsin

TOBIAS WAYLAND

(Emily Wayland / Singular Fortean Society)

45-year-old delivery driver Deshunda Johnson spoke with the Singular Fortean Society’s lead investigator Tobias Wayland recently about a series of UFO experiences she’s had in and around Madison, Wisconsin.

The first such sighting, she said, took place in July or August of 2001, around 9 pm.

My friend and I were going to work, driving on Stoughton Road [in Madison].

She said to me, “Look, Deshunda, what is that?”

I asked her what she was talking about. We were getting off of the Beltline Highway [onto Stoughton Road], going to work and to the right in a wooded area that looks like a marsh—going towards Stoughton and McFarland—there was a green light that just shot straight up.

She asked me, “Did you see that?”

And I said, “Yes, I saw it.”

I put my foot on the accelerator and took off. When I see stuff like that, the only thing I know is to take off.

Who’s going to be in that marshy area shooting off firecrackers? There was no noise, we had our windows down because it was nice out.

“That was the first time I saw something like that," she said. "After that [my sightings] started. When we got to work, [my friend] said, 'You all won’t believe what we saw.' I told her not to tell anybody because they’ll think we’re crazy. She told me, 'Deshunda, you know that wasn’t a shooting star. Shooting stars come down, they don’t shoot up.' I said, ‘Yes, I know, and that’s why I’m not saying nothing.’"

"The following week," she added. "Her daughter and her boyfriend said they saw the same thing."

Johnson told Wayland that she wishes she would have documented the sighting better.

"When you see it the first time, people think they won’t see anything like that again, or pray they don’t see it again," she said.

Her next sighting came in the summer of 2007.

"I had something strange happen to me over on McCann Road [in Madison, Wisconsin]," Johnson said. "My son, he’s the one who spotted it. It was above me.”

We got out of the car after coming home from the grocery story, and [there was an object floating above me that] looked like a cloud. Actually, it was a cloud. There were no other clouds in the sky.

I told [my son], “Get the groceries out of the car.”

We stayed just off of McCann Road in a townhouse.

He said, “Mom, look.”

And I said, “Look at what?”

And he said, “Above you.”

When I looked above my head, and I’m short, this thing was over my head and I...I don’t know what happened. All I know is I was like thrown.

I said, “Get in the house.”

My son, he almost hit the wall looking at it while trying to run into the house.

I didn’t know what it was. But it was a cloud, there were no other clouds, and no cloud moves like that. It had four white lights circling inside of it. It hovered over me, and I kid you not, when I moved, it moved. It was close enough that I could touch it, but I was too scared. It was that low.

I ran into my house. I wasn’t going to stand there anymore. There’s no way I’m going to stand under something that I don’t understand and don’t know nothing about. We got into the house and that thing stood there for a minute. Then it moved to the backyard.

There were people in their backyard in the next neighborhood, and it moved over to between my yard and theirs and there were people there who had their phones out [who looked like they were taking pictures] and staring at it. As I was standing there, something told me not to go out there. I wasn’t going nowhere.

It stayed there for over 20 minutes. It would not leave. It was like it was waiting for something.

After that, I’m always looking up.

“I called the police and asked them about the lights,” Johnson explained. “[The woman I spoke to] said they’d gotten some calls. I told her not to laugh at me. This is something strange, I’ve never seen nothing like this. She asked me what it looked like. I said you need to get somebody out here.”

Johnson said that, ultimately, the police did not visit the scene and no official report was made.

The Singular Fortean Society has not yet been able to corroborate the sighting using police records or the testimony of any neighbors said to be present, but this article will be updated with any new information or evidence as it is discovered.

After this sighting, said Johnson, "strange stuff just started happening."

She told Wayland that she was awoken one night by what sounded like somebody running in her bedroom.

I woke up and my door opened—[it was previously open just a crack]—and all I heard were footsteps in my room. My heart just started pounding. I got up and thought maybe it’s the dogs or something. I went downstairs to check, but the dogs were in the crate. I went in my sons’ room and they were asleep. I looked under the bed, and I didn’t see anything.

I asked my boyfriend at the time, “Did you come in my room?”

He said no. He said he was out down the street. I asked him if he was sure, and he said yes.

"I told my landlord I had to move," she continued. "I had been there eight years. He asked me why I wanted to move. I couldn’t tell him."

Johnson’s sightings continued on July 7th, 2020.

I had to go to the back roads and drop off on County T off Sprecher Road. Way before I got there, off Mesta Lane, there was a light so bright that at first I thought it was the sun. I’m at the stoplight, and I put my visor down.

I said, “That sun is bright!”

I looked at my map and see I have to go off County T, way out in the boondocks.

I head out there, and all of a sudden I look to my right—after something said in my head “look to your right”—when I looked, an object was above the power lines, stationary. I had my windows half down. There was a man in a car close behind me, and I thought he had to being this. But when I looked again, his car was way behind me.

It felt as if I was moving, but not fast enough. I was staring at it; I couldn’t keep my eyes off it. It had a green light at the bottom, it was black, a round dome, and I’m just looking at this light. That lasted for about two minutes. When I got the lady’s food to her, I looked at the time and it was probably 8:06 or 8:07, but she said she’d ordered her food an hour ago. I was thinking, looking at the clock, that it’s only 8:06 pm.

I got home and I was still shaken up. My eyes were red and irritated from the brightness of the light.

A week later, she had another sighting in the same area.

I went to the ATM to get money out, and they just built these buildings right after I saw this thing off County T. I saw this green ball of light hovering over this building. It wasn’t a bug, it looked like a sphere.

I said, “No, we’re not doing this tonight.”

I got in my car and left. [The green ball of light] went off towards East Towne Mall. Most people might follow it, but me, I’m going home. That’s not the first time that I’ve seen those things. I don’t understand why I’m seeing it.

The strange thing is, while I was driving, I said to myself, “If I ever see anything like that again, I’m going to go ahead and take a picture of it.”

But it didn’t happen that way.

Johnson’s most recent sighting occurred at approximately 9:15 pm on August 30th, 2020. She was in Stoughton delivering food near the intersection of Roby Road and King’s Lynn Road.

When I looked at my app it said I was two or three minutes from the house. I was going through the neighborhood, when all of a sudden—this is not the first time this has happened to me—something told me to look to my left.

I just looked over and I said, “What in the?”

I said, “That plane is flying really low in its flight.”

So I slowed down, I saw kids in a group going across the street. I looked, and all of a sudden, I got nervous. I was just staring at it.

That’s when I was like, “Uh-uh uh-uh, it’s stationary. It’s not moving."

All I could see were the lights flickering. It was over houses, and it wasn’t that far from me—maybe three or four hundred feet. I know what I saw. It looked like it was multicolored—white, red, but it wasn’t a bright red, it almost looked orange.

As I was looking at it, it just stayed in one spot. It looked black. I wanted to get out and take a picture of it, but all of a sudden I got really nervous.

I said “Should I? No, I better get this lady her food.”

I’m sitting in my car, just looking at it, driving slowly just looking at it.

As soon as I said “Okay, maybe it will be there when I get back.”

I’m saying to myself, “No, just stop and take a picture, because nobody is going to believe you’ve seen some stuff like this.”

I kept saying to myself, “No, that’s a plane, that’s a plane. I’m not seeing what I’m seeing.”

The thing tilted up, and when it tilted, it was a triangle. It had a light at the top, and one on the bottom at each side. My eyes got bigger than my glasses. All I know is, when I saw what it did and I turned back, that thing took off. I put my foot on the gas and dropped that lady’s food off.

It’s as if it wanted me to see it, to say, “No, I’m not a plane.” 

That was not an airplane. Nobody can convince me. 

Johnson further explained that she had her car door open slightly, but was afraid to get out because she thought the craft might approach her if she did.

According to Johnson, the sighting lasted “a minute or two.”

Shortly after this sighting, Johnson spoke to a friend in Stoughton who said she’d “seen a lot of strange stuff out here.”

Johnson wondered if perhaps the craft were trying to communicate with her, and if that might somehow be tied to a series of psychic experiences she’s had in her life.

"I’m very clairvoyant. I’ve had out of body experiences. I see auras around people, I see colors, and if they have certain colors then I don’t go near them. I would tell my mom and she would tell me to shush. I never understood that. I thought that maybe there was something wrong with me," she said. "She told me she had the same thing, but she blocked it. You can tell people all day long, but they’ll never understand."

But that's not the only strange experience Johnson said she has in common with her mother.

"There were days I would wake up with bruises on my arms. I don’t remember how I got them. It looked like three claws, like somebody had scratched me, like I was fighting something," she said. "I remember this clearly, [my mother] said to me, 'I used to wake up with those same marks on me.'"

Those marks might be explained by another experience related by Johnson.

This event, she said, took place at her childhood home in Joliet, Illinois, in 1987 when she was 12 years old.

"[The house where] we stayed at the time was in the country," she said. "There was a barn there, and some nearby houses. They’ve built a lot there now, but at the time there were a lot of fields and we had a big backyard."

I had to stay late for detention after school one day. I remember going into the house after I came home, thinking I was going to be in trouble. But nobody was home. I had to go through the garage to get into the house, and I saw the car was there, so I didn’t understand where everybody was at.

So, I started calling, “Momma! Momma!”

And I called for my sisters, but nobody answered. Just then the phone rang, and I went to go pick it up.

A robotic voice said to me, “Little girl, is your mommy or daddy home?”

I dropped the phone. The minute I dropped it, I felt sick. I felt drowsy and sleepy, and I had a headache. I laid down in the bunk bed in our room, and it was like I could not move.

I saw four little things come in the room, they were suited up—it was like a skintight, blue, protective suit—they were bald, with big, black eyes and really not much of a nose or mouth, and all I can remember is being paralyzed with fear. I was trying to fight it, I was trying to move.

Two were on either side of me, and they weren’t touching me. It was like I was levitated. I was looking at one of these things straight in its eyes, and I’m trying to fight it and I can’t move. That’s all I can remember.

Johnson later asked her sister where they were that day, but said that her sister maintains she "doesn’t know what I’m talking about."

She never watched much science fiction or absorbed similar media as a child, and it wasn't until her twenties that she started seeing representations of the beings she encountered that day.

"It’s never left my mind, and I wonder if that’s why I’m so into this stuff now," she said. "I see people talking about it, and I think 'That’s what I saw! That’s what came in the room.'"

When asked if she’d had any bedroom visitations since the one in 2007, Johnson replied, “I have not, and I pray to God I don’t again.”

{ https://www.singularfortean.com/ }

05-09-2020 om 21:08 geschreven door peter  

The Anunnaki and the hidden mysteries of Lake Titicaca: Ancient contact between Sumer and South America?

The Anunnaki linked to Lake Titicaca: Archaeological remains of the Tiahuanaco culture under the lake would evidence an ancient contact.

The Tiahuanaco culture is very enigmatic: it has been called the oldest civilization in history (older than Sumer). It has also been compared to Atlantis . One hypothesis says that in this culture there are indications of the Anunnaki presence in Peru and Bolivia , due to archaeological finds of gold pieces under Lake Titicaca .

Discoveries under the waters of Lake Titicaca

An important find that could show the presence of the Anunnaki in South America is the one made in October 2013 , when Belgian archaeologists from the Huiñaimarka Project studied the depths of Lake Titicaca in an underwater archeology excavation.

Two thousand artifacts were recovered there , including ceramics with images of felines and 31 pieces of rolled gold . According to archaeologist Christophe Delaere:

“We found important archaeological formative material, typical of the Tiahuanaco and Inca cultures, and also material from the 19th and 20th centuries. That is, we have 2,000 to 2,500 years of history here. These are the first pieces of gold we have found. Also a rudder and an anchor that would be from a pre-Hispanic boat ”.

According to the archaeologist Marcial Medina Huanca, these pieces belong to the Tiahuanaco people , based on their iconography. The hypothesis of the academics is that many of the artifacts were offerings of the inhabitants of Tiahuanaco that they had thrown into Lake Titicaca .

Anunnaki metallurgy established in Tiahuanaco?

According to the investigations of Zecharia Sitchin , in the years 4,000 a. C. , in this region of the Tiahuanaco people of Bolivia there was a metallurgy plant established by the Anunnaki and it was the largest in the world. In that millennium, Enki took his father, King Anu, to review it .

Sitchin based this hypothesis on the findings of the Austrian archaeologist, Arthur Posnanky , who found holes in several stone blocks at Tiahuanaco . For the arrival of the Anunnaki, almost all the buildings in the city of Tiahuanaco were covered with gold sheets . The sheets were fastened with gold nails that were driven into the holes in the blocks.

With this information, the hypothesis of Zecharia Sitchin is indirectly supported, that the Tiahuanaco have worked in the metallurgy of gold under the mandate of the Anunnaki , with gold brought from another place.

Tiahuanaco city built during the Ice Age

Arthur Posnansky explained that the Tiahuanacos built their cities during the Ice Age , the last one that continued to occur in the years 15,000 BC. C. This would make it the oldest civilization in humanity .

Posnansky stipulated that during the Ice Age, the waters of Lake Titicaca reached the limits of the city of Tiahuanaco . Posnansky concluded this due to the discovery of human bones on dry land away from the lake. Nearby there were also remains of fish and fossils of lake aquatic plants .

The archaeologist Delaere also mentioned the discovery of a rudder and an anchor under the lake … If the vessel from which the objects emerged was prior to colonial times, it could indicate that the Tiahuanaco lived in the Ice Age when Lake Titicaca was connected with the Pacific Ocean .

Anunnaki connection

The Anunnaki connection could be that, when these gods were exploring our Earth to establish their mining activities, they would have arrived in boats to Titicaca, when it was connected to the ocean .

Many structures have been identified under the surface of Titicaca . In 1966, Ramón Avellaneda and his team of divers found a paved road and seven buildings . Likewise, the academic Hugo Boero Rojo announced in 1980 that he had discovered these structures, as well as temples and stairways .

In 2004, the Akakor Scientific Research Group explored the lake bottom, finding a pre-Inca construction, a ceremonial center, paths, cultivation terraces, statues, and a two- foot gold idol .

How was that archaeological site submerged?

Posnanky thought that this Bolivian-Peruvian region suffered several cataclysms that first raised the waters and then caused them to descend. The submerged pre-Inca constructions would have been erected on dry land when the lake was smaller or before it was formed .

However, it is a mystery to explain how they were submerged , but if the dating of the city of Tiahuanaco in the years 15,000 a. C . is correct, it would indicate that the water began to cover these structures during the next period of thawing or melting of ice, after the Ice Age.

That thaw could have been known as the Great Universal Flood and would have left submerged and hidden all the vestiges of the Anunnaki in Peru and Bolivia.

We also noticed two things : the object of the Fuente Magna and monument Pokotia , both could be evidence of the arrival of the Sumerians gods Andes (the Sumerians would have called “Country of the tin to the West” to this Andean region Peru and Bolivia).

As a result of all the above, the hypothesis about the arrival of the Anunnaki in the lands near Lake Titicaca is still a mystery . There are several indicators, such as the gold plates under the waters that have an uncertain provenance, the mining activity of the Anunnaki and the Sumerian-like writing in the Magna Fountain . The topic is open to debate.

All related videos, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://mysteriousthing.com/ }

05-09-2020 om 20:51 geschreven door peter  

8 Immortal Lords Ruled Earth For 240,000 Years – The Sumerian King List Unveiled

The Sumerian King List describes how a group of enlightened beings descended from heaven to rule Earth. The total length of their domination: 242,100 years – how is that possible?

The Sumerian King List is an archaic stone tablet written in the Sumerian language. It gives us the names and reign lengths of the kings of Sumer, a region that encompassed the space now occupied by southern Iraq.

Compiled from several different clay tablets, the final part of the King List contains the names of historically attested rulers and cities but these are not the focus of this article. To the forbidden history community, the first, unattested kings on the list present greater interest.

Also known as antediluvian rulers, the first eight kings in the list totaled a reign of 242,100 years, in a mythical period before the great flood swept the area. Mainstream scholars dismiss the existence of these lords and their impossibly-long reigns, citing the fact that no archaeological discoveries support the unusual claims made by the stone tablets. Yet the cuneiform words are there:

“After the kingship descended from heaven, the kingship was in Eridug. In Eridug, Alulim became king; he ruled for 28800 years.”

After the first heavenly king’s tenure ended, the scepter fell into the hands of Alalngar, who ruled for 36,000 years. After him, it was En-men-lu-ana‘s turn to sit on the throne for a whopping 43,200 years. The next 5 kings all held office for very long periods of time, the shortest of which lasted ‘only’ 18,600 years.

The coming of the Great Flood – considered by some a global catastrophe – put an end to the reign of the mythical kings.

After the flood had swept over, and the kingship had descended from heaven, the kingship was in Kish.”

Kish was an ancient city in Sumer, home of the first historically-documented Sumerian dynasty. The kings in this dynasty had shorter reigns than the ones before them, but they still extended way beyond the expected life span of a human being in those days. The shortest reign belonged to Zamug, ‘the son of Barsal-nuna,’ who remained in power for 140 years.

For a long time, historians agreed these impossible timelines were the result of fiction, their reigns and deeds being hyperbolized to increase the significance of the ancient Sumerians in the eyes of neighboring peoples. By documenting their extremely old history, they could stake a legitimate claim to rule the land. But most historians dismiss the existence of the Anunnaki, the Children of Anu.

They too ‘came down from heaven’ to fulfill their own agenda on Earth. These beings had mastered space travel and although it is said they came here from the twelfth planet, Nibiru, their place of origin might as well have been somewhere else in the galaxy.

We don’t know for sure how man came to be on this planet. Perhaps he is the product of evolution and natural selection. But if humans were indeed created by someone, there is room for the Anunnaki genesis theory which claims man drew his first breath in the laboratories of Anunnaki geneticists Enki and Ninmah. If these beings were able to manipulate and transform Homo erectus into rational, intelligent humans, it goes without saying they were able to prolong their own lives.

This could mean the longevity of the reigns on the Sumerian King List could be interpreted as a reality rather than a metaphor. For all we know, these celestial beings could have been immortal or at least impervious to factors such as aging and disease. If they wielded enough power to be considered gods, it stands to reason they were immune to the troubles that end our lives short.

There is always the possibility that we’re looking for answers in the wrong places and the Sumerian King List is half-fable, half-fact. But amid this controversial topic, one thing is certain: our planet’s history sure is strange.

All related videos, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://mysteriousthing.com/ }

05-09-2020 om 20:21 geschreven door peter  

How far can one get in 15 minutes traveling at just under the speed of light? Without doing any complex math, it’s common knowledge (at least it was until the coronavirus shutdown and we forgot everything we learned in school) that sunlight takes a little over eight minutes to reach Earth (one astronomical unit), so in 15 minutes you could get to Mars and back or halfway to Jupiter. Fifteen minutes is also the amount of fame Cal Fullerton physics professor emeritus Jim Woodward is getting from a Wired article on his MEGA (Mach-effect gravitational assist) thruster that runs on piezoelectric crystals vibrating on an electric current. Woodward claims he’s finally made it work and is ready to show the world … if not travel to Alpha Centauri. Should Elon Musk be worried?

“Woodward realized that if Einstein was right and inertia really is gravity in disguise, it should be possible to detect these brief changes in an object’s mass as its energy fluctuates. If part of an object accelerated at the exact moment when it became a little heavier, it would pull the rest of the object along with it. In other words, it would create thrust without propellant.

Woodward called these temporary changes in mass “Mach effects,” and the engine that could use them a Mach-effect thruster. By combining hundreds or thousands of these drives, they could conceivably produce enough thrust to send a spaceship to the stars in less than a human lifetime.”

In a richly detailed interview, Wired covers Jim Woodward’s life and how he arrived at the MEGA thruster. While he has often been criticized for his theories, this one got enough attention from NASA that he and partner Hal Fearn, a physicist at California State University, received a grant to build a protype MEGA thruster. The ‘drives’ would be stacks of piezoelectric crystals which generate energy when electrically charged. The charge would come from a nuclear power source. Woodward and Fearn had claimed before that they’d built a MEGA thruster, but others could not duplicate it – a fact Woodward eventually determined was due to an error Fearn made in measurements. However, they stayed together and in June 2020 they made a small change to the thruster mount on the prototype which caused it to come alive and lurch. That lurch was not at or near the speed of light, but Woodward’s theory is that it will accelerate over time to achieve that velocity.

“I was shocked at the huge increase in measured force.”

Is Fearn declaring victory? Unfortunately, something else was going on in June 2020 – the coronavirus shutdown. Woodward is a survivor of stage IV lung cancer living with COPD, and is being treated for relapsed Hodgkin’s lymphoma. In other words, he can’t travel to demonstrate the prototype. Not only that, most labs are in limited operation. Once that changes, he and Fearn will send the device to other physicists for testing. They know it will be met with skepticism, and that won’t be helped by the fact that the vibration frequency needed to charge the piezoelectric crystals and create thrust varies due to heat build-up. They’re using the extra time to work with an engineer to build an amplifier that will maintain a sustained thrust.

Will it work? That remains to be seen. If it does, how soon can a ship be built to use it? Who knows? Two things are certain – Woodward is pleased with his lifetime of work on advanced propulsion and his peers look at him as the leader in the field. Greg Meholic, an engineer at the Aerospace Corporation working on advanced propulsion, puts it best.

“There is a worldwide effort looking at Jim’s devices, because this is really the only game in town at this point. It’s been wonderful to have someone like him in the community that actually is doing something to advance these things, because that’s what’s really critical.”

Let’s hope Jim Woodward gets to see his creation in operation.

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

05-09-2020 om 18:35 geschreven door peter