YouTube 'time-traveller' claims he is revealing what will happen in the future to 'expose the government'

 by Greg Evans in videos

{ https://www.indy100.com/ }

12-09-2020 om 22:38 geschreven door peter  

There is probably no more credible witness to the 2004 USS Nimitz Tic-Tac UFO incident than David Fravor, the retired Commander of Strike Fighter Squadron 41 (VFA-41), more popularly known as the “Black Aces,” who flew the F/A-18F Super Hornets that encountered the so-called Tic-Tac UFOs. After all that time, one would think Fravor would have said everything there is to say and divulged every secret there is to divulge. One would be wrong.

“When you actively jam another platform that’s technically an act of war.”

In a recent interview (watch it here) with podcaster Lex Fridman, a Russian-American research scientist at MIT whose work centers on human-AI interaction, Fravor starts by describing the actions the Tic-Tac UFO took that convinced him as a Navy pilot engaging with it to make the “act of war” assessment.

After its unbelievably rapid exit from his sight, Fravor informed a second pilot, Chad Underwood, who gave chase. Catching up, Underwood was able to aim and fire his radar gun at the UFO. When the signal bounced back to him, that’s when Underwood knew things got serious.

“He’s telling the radar, ‘Stare down the line of sight, whatever is there I want you to grab it and build a trace file on it,’ which will tell you where it is, how fast it is and the direction that it’s going. The radar is smart enough that when the signal comes back if it’s been messed with, it will tell you – it will give you indications that it’s being jammed…. It’s being jammed into about every mode you can see… You can tell it’s being jammed.”

Jamming radar is taught to U.S. pilots to be an act of war. By definition, the U.S. pilots would have been within their rights to engage with the UFO. The problem, as has been described many times since the videos were finally released in 2017, was that the UFO did something seemingly impossible.

“When I got too close to it, it decided I’m out of here and did something we had never seen.”

Unable to reach anywhere near its speed, the pilots let the Tic-Tac leave. In the interview (pertinent quotes have been summarized in The Daily Star, Newshub.com and other sites), Fravor pushes his idea that the Tic-Tac was a solid object, not a decoy hologram as some have proposed. At that point, he begins to build his case for what it might be. He believes that if it was advanced technology developed by the U.S., it would have been impossible to keep it hidden since 2004. The same would be true for other countries as well. Because it was so advanced, it had no need to take offensive actions against the pilots – it merely observed and “mirrored us.”

Then the pilot dropped his bombshell (no pun intended):

“I don’t like to get into little green men but I don’t think we’ve developed it.”

At this point, it’s worth noting that Fravor doesn’t think the military or the government could keep an aircraft with that capability secret for 16 years, but he seems to have no problem accepting that it may have kept the existence of an alien aircraft secret that long. Perhaps it might have been more difficult to keep quiet if the craft had been captured, shot down, crashed or in some other way provided some solid evidence of what it might be. It’s only been in 2020 that former Senator Harry Reid and other UFO insiders have hinted that material evidence of alien crafts exists, although they quickly backtrack under pressure.

Both Fravor and Underwwod have risked their reputations and careers on exposing the Tic-Tac UFO and have not backtracked. If anything, as this interview suggests, they’ve become more open. However, it’s obvious Fravor doesn’t have the solid evidence either – just the fervor to get as much out in the open about the 2004 Nimitz incident and the Tic-Tac UFO and any others there might be.

Let’s hope he can, because:

“When you actively jam another platform that’s technically an act of war.”

By little green men.

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

12-09-2020 om 21:28 geschreven door peter  

That’s a question I’m often asked. And, it’s a question that, today, I’ll try and answer. There’s no doubt that something very unusual happened outside of Roswell, New Mexico in the summer of 1947. The big question is: what was it that came down? What we know for sure is that when a large amount of unusual debris was found on the Foster Ranch, Lincoln County, New Mexico in early July 1947, it provoked a great deal of interest and concern – at least, briefly. It’s a fact that the military did announce they had recovered a “flying disc.” That soon changed. It was – the media and the public were told – nothing but a weather-balloon that had come down. It was a big mistake. That remained the U.S. government’s position for decades. Things changed in 1994. That was when the Air Force stated – contrary to what was said way back in 1947 – that what plummeted to the ground was really a huge “Mogul” balloon array – which were designed to monitor for early Soviet atomic bomb tests. Also, the Air Force said because Mogul balloons didn’t have crews, there was no way that bodies could have been found on the ranch. In 1997, though, the Air Force changed its position and said that yes, there were bodies, after all. They were, however, not dead aliens, but crash-test dummies used in high-altitude parachute experiments. That’s quite a change of stories! To this day, and for the Air Force, the dummies/Mogul explanations remain firmly intact. Now, let’s get to the heart of this article: how can we get the proof for what happened?

Out at the Roswell crash-site

(Nick Redfern, 2010)

The fact is this: there is zero evidence for any of the theories. And when I say that I mean hard, undeniable evidence. For example, the Air Force openly admits that its conclusion – concerning what came down on the ranch was a Mogul array – was just a theory. Granted, the Air Force is pretty sure that Mogul is the answer, but it’s still a theory and nothing else. Indeed, there’s not even a single sheet of official Air Force paper that confirms a Mogul balloon came down on the ranch on that famous day. Similarly, not even one document has ever been uncovered that shows crash-test dummies came down on the ranch. Again, it’s just a theory. Of course, there’s no evidence for the extraterrestrial scenario either. Yes, there are old-timers who swore they saw strange bodies at the site of the incident. Others, such as Philip Corso, claimed that in the wake of the crash, the U.S. secretly began to reverse-engineer the alien technology. I should stress there’s no evidence to back-up what Corso said, either. And no-one has ever presented photos of the mangled bodies at the crash-site. This brings us to another angle, one that many may not have thought of. It’s an angle that might depress some of you. I think, however, it could be the answer to why we have a 100 percent lack of hard proof concerning the legendary incident.

Dummies in the desert? (Nick Redfern, 2007)

If aliens did crash not too far from Roswell, there’s no doubt that truly massive amounts of documentation and photos would have been created. And, it would surely still exist to this very day. Yet, not even a single, solitary page – a definitive smoking-gun – has even surfaced over the last seventy-three years. Not one. Maybe that’s because the paperwork no longer exists. This brings us to my two books on what happened in 1947 – The Roswell UFO Conspiracy and Body Snatchers in the Desert. Collectively, they tell a dark and disturbing story of top secret balloon-based programs using human guinea-pigs in high-altitude flights in the skies of New Mexico. Operation Paperclip, Japanese and German scientists, and controversial flights involving prisoners and handicapped people are just the start of the grim story. One of the issues that most of my sources stressed to me was that in the wake of the experiments in July 1947 the documentation – as in all of it – was destroyed. The reason? Because of the highly controversial nature of the tests, some of which may have crossed over into areas of an illegal nature. Taking into consideration the fact that the tests were complete failures –  and there was that issue of Nazis being involved, too – a hasty decision was made to bury everything. And by “bury” it, I mean everything was destroyed. All that was left by August 1947 was a bunch of memories. And, as time passed by, those memories became less and less. To the point where, today, just about everyone who was there is gone.

Basically, if I’m right, and if my sources were speaking truthfully (I believe they were), then the reason why we cannot find the proof for Roswell is simple: there really is no evidence. It’s gone. All of it. It was burned, shredded (take your pick) when someone made the hasty decision to make sure no one would ever be able to prove the terrible truth of what really happened. If Roswell did involve aliens, then the documentation would definitely have been preserved. But, if we’re looking at failed, top secret experiments of distinctly dubious natures, then it’s easy to see why everything could have been destroyed only a month after the events occurred. The stark reality of the situation might be this: we’re too late. The only thing left today, after seventy-three years, could be a big nothing. And there’s no way to bring back nothing.

Related videos, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

12-09-2020 om 20:54 geschreven door peter  

Several drawings, including the only known portrait of the now-extinct giant sloth lemur, have been discovered by an international team of scientists on the walls of a rock shelter located in the western part of Madagascar.

Dr. David Burney from Hawaii’s National Tropical Botanical Garden as well as other experts from the United States, United Kingdom, and Madagascar, found the drawings in Andriamamelo Cave which is close to the small village of Anahidrano. The drawings were created with black pigments that were made from charcoal or iron minerals.

The pictures included natural scenes with human-like figures as well as zoomorphic figures (animal forms or gods in the form of animals), and animal-human hybrids. Numerous living animals were depicted in the pictures, but there were also three drawings found of the elephant bird, tortoise, and giant sloth lemur.

An example of rock art depicting an animal (not the one found in Andriamamelo Cave).

The giant sloth lemur was drawn in a hunting scene where a hunter was pointing his weapon (maybe a bow) towards the upside down animal and two dogs. As for the hunter in the drawing, “There are two distinct legs, and a third appendage pointing backward in the manner of a tail or a sheathed sword. The posture and detail evoke classical images of the conspicuous constellation Orion,” the researchers noted. It is believed that the upside down animal with its legs in the air was in fact the giant sloth lemur. “These large primates are known as abundant subfossils from Anjohingidrobe Cave also in Beanka, such as Babakotia radofilai. They are generally reconstructed with long forelimbs, a short snout, and small rounded ears.”

Additionally, there were several symbols of an M-shaped motif (ሐ) found on the walls which is quite significant. “We have not found this figure in other rock art around the Indian Ocean, except a rare occurrence in Borneo, believed to have been created about 2,000 years ago,” the researchers explained, adding, “It also matches one distinctive character found in the Amharic alphabet of Ethiopia.”

Another example of rock art depicting an animal (not the one found in Andriamamelo Cave).

They went on to say, “Eight instances were noted where images and themes suggest Ptolemaic Egyptian mythological characters and symbols, some possibly of stellar constellations.” “There are no characters from the Latin alphabet. No cattle images, nor any Judaeo-Christian, Muslim, or Hindu symbology.” (A picture of the rock art can be seen here.)

Photograph (top) and artist’s sketch (bottom) of the inferred hunting scene: hunter (background, left) extends weapon toward inverted large animal in foreground; two dog-like zoomorphs are on the right.

Image credit: Burney et al, doi: 10.1080/15564894.2020.1749735.

It is believed that the rock art was made around the start of the Christian Era or perhaps even a few centuries prior to that time. “The local people associate the images with a different ethnic group from themselves (Vazimba or Bosy), from an unknown time, who made them in connection with divination,” claimed the researchers. Their paper was published in the Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology which can be read in full here.

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

12-09-2020 om 20:35 geschreven door peter  

Orange UFOs Over Calgary, Canada Sept 12, 2020, MUFON, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Sept 12, 2020
Location of sighting: Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Source: MUFON #111382

This video is a bit grainy and shot on an older phone, but it still tells us a lot. First off it is changing shape, from a boomerang shape to a round shape. From several objects to a single large object. Also since it was taken at 1:15AM, any chance of it being a sunset are gone. When I enlarge the screenshots of the UFOs, I see the craft itself is made from a brown metal, which if lit up, could  appear orange from a long distance. This is not one craft, but two or more. I really wish the guy caught footage  of them going up or disappearing. It would tell us where they went...if they disappear, they get transported underground to an alien city under Calgary. 100% proof aliens exist in Canada. 
Scott C. Waring

Eyewitness states: 

At 1:15am my wife and I witnessed a bank of lights in the NE sky from our bedroom. The lights were in a shape of a bow or boomerang. They were hovering under the clouds about 30 km from my location . The lights started to change shape , grouping together and fazing out . They would return a few minutes later and do similar actions for a fed more minutes. Total duration was 15-17 minutes. We took multiple video and pictures

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

12-09-2020 om 20:06 geschreven door peter  

UFOs near volcanoes are commonly seen on webcams. Also the Colima volcano in Mexico, located approximately 300 miles west of Mexico City is a well known UFO hotspot.

Analysis of the strange event that took place on March 12, 2018 when the volcano webcam recorded a luminous object approaching the Colima volcano, then the object changes its course and descends to just above the hillside of the volcano.

According to commenter Flux Apex Engineering: I am in no way saying this is a UAP or such, however, the object in the video is too large to be a drone or helicopter. I am merely chiming in to provide some technical insight.

When it stops, you can see its shadow on the hillside. Comparing the shadows elevation to the topographical map. The mountain is about 3.5 to 3.8km wide at that elevation. It starts accelerating away at 19:31:24.724, leaves the frame at 19:31:30.780 covering about 4km distance. So, some simple math using the known variables, 4km and 6.056 seconds. It had an average velocity of 2377.807Km/h, and 11g acceleration. 

Over the years there has been a lot of unexplained activity around this volcano, so there must be something about the Colima Volcano that draws UFOs to it.

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

12-09-2020 om 19:31 geschreven door peter  

Ancient Artists Left Signs For us to Decode. Did they Witness UFOs?

Did ancient artists leave us clear signs of otherworldly interference in our lives and in our culture?

Art can be considered a record of history, culture, and science as it reveals man in his many aspects, offering a more complete insight and a unique viewpoint. Since the beginning of man, humans have always felt a need to reproduce celestial events, first on the walls of caves and then on canvas. It is not the case that history, art, archaeology, and anthropology were rewritten in art, but these interpretations should be viewed in light of new elements whose existence had not previously been suspected.

Much has been written about the representation of strange objects placed in the sky in works of art from the Renaissance period, but little has been written about some ancient tapestries of the medieval period—and what has been discussed is controversial because it challenges the orthodox perspective.

Mysterious Medieval Tapestries

In eastern France, Cote d’Or department, in the little town of Beaune, (the wine capital of Burgundy), there is the Notre Dame Basilica . The original building was constructed about 1120-1149. Inside, besides frescos of the 15th century, there is a library that houses a set of tapestries from the 15th to the 18th centuries.

Among them, the eyes of an attentive observer are struck by “The Life of the Virgin Mary” and “Magnificat”, two medieval tapestries which are part of a group of five of important moments in the Virgin Mary’s life.

Life of the Virgin Mary, medieval tapestry from Tournai, Belgium.

(Notre Dame Basilica Beaune / Public Domain )

In both of these tapestries there is one unidentified flying object ‘flitting’ across the sky in the background. Even in “Magnificat”, made in 1330, this black object is depicted in the typical way of many UFO sightings.

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Magnificat, 15 ^th medieval tapestry from Tournai, Belgium, object circled in upper right corner.

(Notre Dame Basilica Beaune / Public Domain )

But there are many who state they are priest hats. But logic asks why include floating and lonely ecclesiastic hats in the sky?

Therefore, it is reasonable to wonder, considering the historical period, whether personal experiences or popular stories could have influenced an artist to include an odd event in the depths of a sacred image, hoping in this way to increase a halo of mysticality.

There are discs or UFOs which cannot be mistaken for ‘priest hats’ – given they do not fly in ‘religious skies’. A good example is the tapestry “ Summer Triumph ”, depicting allegoric and symbolic images of the season.

This tapestry certainly was part of a series that originally depicted the four seasons. It is not known if any of the other tapestries have survived. This tapestry, (perhaps created in Bruges), is located at the Bayerisches National Museum in Munich, Germany, which unfortunately has little information about it. They do know it was brought to the museum in 1971 by an art dealer. There was no information about the workshop, the designer, the patron, or the circumstances of its production.

The date 1538 is woven into the border on both the right and the left sides of the tapestry. In the upper border, there is an inscription in old Latin saying: “REX GOSCI SIVE GUTSCMIN”. This translates as “King Gosci of Gutscmin”. If this is a hint to the patron who ordered the tapestry to be made, nobody knows for sure.

As usual, almost hidden in the background, there are some black discs or UFOs in the blue sky.

Summers Triumph on display at the Bayerisches National Museum in Munich, Germany.

µ(Hurley / Public Domain )

Dr. Birgitt Borkopp from the Bayerisches Museum, in a letter sent to the author, states that “As the style of the tapestry is rather unusual,  even for its period, I would doubt if this is the right object to illustrate the history of art, but of course this is your decision entirely.”

Of course, she wasn’t aware that the link between UFOs and history in art is discussed in many books and articles.  It is interesting to note strange or unusual art generally is not considered with curiosity by the ‘experts’ and they seem to prefer to ignore them.

The Tapestry of the Two Crusaders

An interesting example that displays ‘knowledge ahead of its time’ is what was written about the images of the two crusaders in the " Annales Laurissenses " (books about historical and religious events), composed in the beginning of the 8th century.

In 776, during one of the innumerable raids of the Saxons in Frank territory, an odd event happened. While Charlemagne, in a rare moment, was resting from battle and devoting himself to the cause of the Holy Church, the Saxons left their lands with a great army and invaded the Franks.

They reached the chapel at Frisdilar, founded by Saint Bonifacio, preacher and martyr who had predicted the chapel would never be burned. The Saxons surrounded the chapel, entered it and started to set it alight. But at the very last moment, two men dressed in white appeared in the sky. They were seen by the Christians who had taken refuge in the castle and by the pagans who were outside.

The two men were said to have protected the chapel from the fire. The pagans were not able to set fire to it, neither inside nor outside, and this terrified them so much they ran away – even though no one was pursuing them.

But one crusader remained during the hasty escape and was found dead, in flames, in front of the chapel. His dead body was positioned prone on his knees and elbows, with his mouth covered by his hands, showing what seemed to be clear signs of death from asphyxia.

The fire was there and was witnessed. It did not cause any damage to the chapel, but it killed the crusader who remained while the others escaped. This event could be interpreted in a variety of ways and it could be irrelevant if it had not been followed, after a short time, by another strange event.

It was the year 776, and it happened during the siege of the Sigiburg castle. The Saxons besieged and surrounded the Franks but in this circumstance the French garrison snuck out and suddenly attacked the Saxons from the rear. The Saxons were unprotected in that direction, since they were intent on the attack of the castle. In the midst of battle, something appeared in the sky.

Ruin of Hohensyburg castle, on the site of the Sigiburg.

(Erich Ferdinand/ CC BY 2.0 )

Witnesses saw in the air two flaming shields, one after another. These appeared to hover over the top of the church as though spectral knights were bringing them into battle. Because of this miracle, it seemed the Franks were protected by the sky, and because of the assault the French had launched at their rear, the Saxons became so frightened that they all turned and ran.

For this last event, apart the chronicle of the text, there is pictorial documentation depicting two crusaders. In the miniature it shows the crusader with his arms up and clearly depicts an object in the sky, shaped like a sphere, with little circles like portholes around it. It is interesting to note the representation of light or energy emitting from the object seems to convey movement.

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These tapestries of two crusaders dates from the 12th century.

(RayLovesRomania / YouTube)

But it is only when observing the image [above, on the left] that it is possible to understand the attempt of the artist to portray the image in artistic perspective – but in those historical times, the concept of artistic perspective did not exist yet. Images were represented only in one dimension, flatly.

Observing the other image [above, right], the one of the crusader with the crown on his head (maybe a noble leader or even Charlemagne, though the chronicles tell us he was not present at this event) riding the horse and pointing to the object in the sky , it is possible to determine that the object inside the burst of light cannot be anything but an unidentified flying object – as we can confirm from the witness tales and from graphic documentation in circulation.

The Mysterious Objects Depicted in the Urbinate Bible

Another unusual flying object is found in a beautiful miniature from the Renaissance period, in the Urbinate Bible. This manuscript is kept in the Vatican museum; it is the most famous document relating to the Holy Scriptures.

The Urbinate Bible (or Urbino Bible) is divided into two books, the Old and New Testament . Hugo de Cominellis (or Hugues de Cominellis de Mazieres) has been identified as the scribe of these volumes which were commissioned by Frederico da Montefeltro, Duke of Urbino. It was written at the studio of Vespasiano da Bisticci, the renowned Florentine bookseller, who was the primary provider of manuscripts for the Urbino library. The manuscript is a transcription of the canonical text of the Vulgate – a famous text translated by Saint Girolamo from Ebraic and Aramaic in 390 AD.

A number of different artists, panel painters, fresco painters, and miniature painters worked together in decorating these volumes. The Urbinate Bible is a rare example of artistic collaboration in Florence at the end of the 15th century.

Among the beautiful images in this Bible is the subject of this text – Saint Geremia’s Contemplation. The image is a perfect example of how mystic representation, the anomalous factor, and daily reality are brought together.

Medieval tapestry - Saint Geremia’s Contemplation.

(Hurley / Public Domain )

We have the mountains, the surrounding countryside, the town, and the men and horses as examples of objective reality. We also have the divine mystic element falling into classic patterns of religious iconography. What interests us in this painting is the unusual object in the top right.

It is a round body emitting blazing rays. From the flames surrounding the object we witness a straight yellow beam of light (laser?). There are no perfectly straight lines in nature. In this example, the object is clearly out of the religious context. Straight beams originating from flying objects are no strangers to Ufology.

Medieval tapestry - Saint Geremia’s Contemplation - close up of the right hand top corner.

(Hurley / Public Domain )

For this miniature, any analysis cannot state for certain whether the artist had seen or heard something in reality, but one thing is apparent, he wanted to tell us something…

It’s not likely that today someone seeing a flying object at a distance to witness advanced characteristics such as shape, movement, controllability, or luminosity, would think, as the Saxons did, that it’s a sign we are protected by God or by gods. Thanks to our technical knowledge, we might immediately think it is some secret military aircraft or even extraterrestrial. Also, the Franks, although ignorant of aerial technology, didn’t think of it as a simple celestial phenomenon but as something more particular: “as though knights were bringing them into battle”. This presupposes the idea that the two discs were driven by ‘knights’ who seemed to want to take part in the battle.

Was there the deliberate intention to alter the result of that battle? Or was it just by chance the two flaming discs appeared in that moment? After all, these two events as quoted in the chronicles influenced the result of two different assaults/aggressions by the Saxons, (called pagans in that period). Thus, it seems right to wonder if the battles during which these sightings occurred were so critical for the still forming empire of Charlemagne, promoter of Christianity.

How important was it that the Saxons were driven away? How important was it that Charlemagne won? And if the Saxons had won, what kind of civilization would we have today?

Could our civilization, and by consequence, the present/actual social-political structure have been ‘driven’ in its development since remote times ? And why?

• Top image: Medieval tapestry in Ecouen Castle, Ecouen, France. Source: photogolfer / Adobe Stock.

By Daniela Giordano

{ https://www.ancient-origins.net/ }

12-09-2020 om 01:37 geschreven door peter  

Meteorites might have helped create life on Earth (and beyond)

They killed the dinosaurs but might have also kicked off life as we know it.

 by Fermin Koop

 

Meteorites are usually described as having caused some of the most devastating and destructive events in the history of Earth. Nevertheless, they might have also provided the necessary conditions for life to blossom on the planet, according to a new study, which urged space agencies to pay further attention to craters.

All non-avian dinosaurs went extinct because of the impact of a massive asteroid 66 million years ago in the Yucatan Peninsula. The same would probably happen with human civilization and most other species if a similar asteroid hit Earth today. But asteroids may not only be responsible for ending lives — they have the power to seed new ones.

“If you ask anyone to imagine what happens when you have kilometer-size chunks of rock hitting the Earth, it’s typically destructive. It’s an extinction event like the one that killed the dinosaurs,” Dr. Gordon Osinski, lead-author, said in a statement. “What we’re trying to do here is turn that idea up on its head and say yes, the impact is initially destructive, but it also delivers the building blocks for life.”

Osinki and his team argued that impact events are not just isolated catastrophic geological events but a fundamental process in planetary evolution that plays an important role in the origin of life and in controlling planetary habitability. Building on previous studies, they provided a modern comprehensive treatise of the role of meteorite impacts in the origin and early evolution of life

Following the impact of an asteroid, conditions would be brutal for any life form that previously existed. Tons of debris would fall into the atmosphere and melted rock would flow from the crater, burning everything it touches and releasing toxic fumes that would remain for a while in the air. But after the rock cools and conditions settle down the conditions would be ideal for microbial life to develop.

While a crater lake forms in the impact basin, the combination of minerals, chemicals, heat and water would create the conditions for microbes to have a safe environment filled with abundant energy. These habitats include hot springs and geysers, such as the one in the Yosemite National Park, and hydrothermal systems, similar to the hydrothermal vents on the ocean floor.

But that’s not all. Other habitats include rock pools created in cooling volcanic flows where water can collect, so-called splash pools, as well as endolithic habitats (inside rocks). Life can develop inside the pores and fissures of rocks and inside floating islands of porous pumice rock, protected from ultraviolet radiation, the researchers said.

“There are a lot of hypotheses for where life started on Earth and where we should look for life on Mars, but we are actually overlooking a major geological force and a key habitat in understanding the origin of life and that’s meteorite impacts and their resulting craters,” said Osinski, who is the Director of Western’s Institute for Earth and Space Exploration.

Earth sweeps up hundreds of tons of material from space when it passes around the Sun, mostly dust, a few meteoroids and sometimes even an asteroid. The B612 Foundation identified over two dozen impacts around the world between 2000 and 2013. Most of them weren’t significant to produce a crater. An exceptional impact would be required to produce an environment where life could develop.

The findings showed that a crater of about 5 kilometers wide is needed to generate hydrothermal environments. For that, we would need a relatively massive asteroid. Besides the size, the type of object involved in the impact is also important.

For the researchers, understanding the beginnings of life on Earth might not only shed light on our origins but also aid our search for life elsewhere. Mars, for example, has been hit by many asteroids and most of the impact craters are intact and available for exploration. NASA’s Perseverance rover is scheduled to land on the red planet next year to look for signs that life once existed on Mars.

“Perseverance is going to land in Jezero Crater and there is evidence of minerals such as clays formed through hydrothermal activity. It’s a good place to start to explore the role of meteorite impacts in the origin of life, as long as they look out for the habitats, nutrients, and building blocks for life that we outlined in our study,” said Osinski.

• The study was published in the journal Astrobiology.

{ https://www.zmescience.com/ }

12-09-2020 om 01:17 geschreven door peter  

Mystery of Jupiter's persistent geometric storms may be solved

By Charles Q. Choi 

But scientists still don't know how the weird storms formed.

This composite image from the Jovian Infrared Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) instrument on NASA’s Juno spacecraft shows the central cyclone at Jupiter's north pole and the eight cyclones that encircle it.

(Image: © NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/ASI/INAF/JIRAM)

The mystery of how giant cyclones stay together in geometric patterns around the poles of Jupiter may now be solved, but new questions have emerged as to how these clusters formed in the first place, a new study finds.

After NASA's Juno probe entered orbit around Jupiter in 2016, the spacecraft discovered giant cyclones arranged in geometric patterns around the world's poles. At the planet's north pole, there are eight vortices surrounding a central vortex, and at the south pole there are six. 

"We were surprised that Jupiter's poles are not like those of other planets," study lead author Cheng Li, a planetary scientist at the University of California, Berkeley, told Space.com. "We never saw anything before like these clusters of cyclones organized into regular patterns."

• Related: Soar over Jupiter's monster polar storms with this stunning NASA video

Each gargantuan tempest ranges between 2,485 to 4,350 miles (4,000 to 7,000 kilometers) wide, and they encircle their respective poles at distances of 5,400 miles (8,700 km). These cyclones and these patterns have endured for at least four years since Juno arrived at Jupiter.

It was a mystery to scientists as to how these clusters kept stable. On Earth, cyclones drift poleward but dissipate over land and cold water, Li said. In contrast, Jupiter has neither land nor oceans, raising the question of why the cyclones did not simply drift to the poles and merge. (For instance, Saturn has a single cyclone at each of its poles.)

"All previous theories predicted that polar regions of giant planets should be dominated by big cyclones over their poles, like what's being observed at Saturn, or remain chaotic," said Li, who is taking a new position at the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. "What we see at Jupiter means those previous theories are wrong, and we need something new."

• Related: The most powerful storms of the solar system (photos)

To shed light on Jupiter's cyclones, Li and his colleagues developed computer models based on what Juno revealed about the sizes and speeds of the storms. They focused on what factors might keep these geometric patterns stable over time without merging.

The researchers found the stability of these patterns depend partly on how deep the cyclones reach down into Jupiter's atmosphere, but mostly on anticyclonic rings around each cyclone — that is, a ring of wind spinning in the opposite direction that each cyclone is whirling in. Too little shielding from anticyclone rings led to the cyclones merge; too much shielding could drive the cyclones apart from each other.

There are many unsolved mysteries regarding these clusters of cyclones. For example, it remains unknown why Jupiter's vortexes happen to occupy this happy middle between too much and too little shielding. "Right now we have no idea what makes them sit in this sweet spot," Li said.

The scientists are now investigating how these cyclones might have formed in the first place. One possibility is that they formed near the poles, where they are currently located. The other, "which we think is more likely, is they formed elsewhere and then migrated to the poles," Li said.

Once the researchers generate computer models based on data from Juno to see which of these formation scenarios is more likely, they can then begin to see how these cyclones organize themselves into these stable patterns. 

This may prove a more difficult question to answer, "because that involves detailed 3-D modeling of how these vortices are generated, and there are a lot of parameters about these vortices we do not know, such as their vertical structure," Li said. "But we can try different scenarios to see which vertical structures might generate the wind velocity profiles we have observed with these cyclones and move forward from there."

• The scientists detailed their findings online Sept. 7 in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
  • Follow Charles Q. Choi on Twitter @cqchoi. Follow us on Twitter @Spacedotcom and on Facebook.

{ https://www.space.com/ }

12-09-2020 om 01:00 geschreven door peter  

WHERE WAS YOUR HOMETOWN 750 MILLION YEARS AGO? MAP REVEALS

Get to know your local fossils.

THIS IS A HOMECOMING OF AN ALL TOGETHER DIFFERENT SORT.

With a new digital map tool, paleontologists are offering you a new view of your hometown across the ages — and giving you a belated introduction to the dinosaurs that lived next door more than 100 million years ago

The online, interactive map of Earth, hosted on the Dinosaur Pictures website, allows you to time travel as far back as 750 million years. Users plug in a location, and then toggle between time periods spanning the geological ages.

Select a time period, and users can travel to different eras, experiencing their hometown as never before: What did New York look like during the emergence of primates? Or Rome in the Cretaceous period, the time when the supercontinent Pangea dominated?

The display shows what Earth's land masses looked like at that time, and where exactly your hometown used to be. It also lists information about the geological age and any creatures that once lived nearby.

The map was created by Ian Webster, a software engineer and founder of the tech company Zenysis. It's hosted on the website Dinosaur Pictures, which Webster curates, and purports to be the "internet's largest dinosaur database."

Webster built the tool using geological models created by researcher Christopher Scotese. The data describe how Earth's plates have moved over the course of hundreds of millions of years.

With the map, users can pop back in time to specific moments that changed the course of natural history. A drop-down menu includes options to view the planet at crucial times, ranging from the first sign of green algae, to the first vertebrates, to Earth's earliest hominids.

Webster has also pointed out some "surprises" along the way: The present-day United States was once divided by a shallow sea, while the Appalachian mountains used to be comparable in height to the Himalayas. Florida was once underwater (and may be one day again).

"It shows that our environment is dynamic and can change," Webster told CNN, describing his digital globe. "The history of Earth is longer than we can conceive, and the current arrangement of plate tectonics and continents is an accident of time. It will be very different in the future, and Earth may outlast us all."

NEIGHBORS OF THE PAST — While we wait to see what future accidents of time history might bring, we can learn about the plants and animals that came before us.

Webster's online map shows the common fossils that can be found near a specific location. If you live in Phoenix, Arizona, for example, your nearby fossils include Albertosaurus, Sonorasaurus, Tenontosaurus.

Meanwhile, Cincinnati, Ohio was once home to mosasaurus, a massive aquatic reptile that lived during the Late Cretaceous. The popular fossils in Los Angeles include Plesiosaurus, and Fresnosaurus — the latter named after California's Fresno County.

Using Webster's map, users can get a bit more familiar with their local prehistoric fauna, and how the land has changed over the span of continental drift. For Webster, the project was born from fascination and appreciation for science — and he hopes to instill the same in others.

"It is meant to spark fascination and hopefully respect for the scientists that work every day to better understand our world and its past," Webster told CNN.

Related videos, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://www.inverse.com/ }

12-09-2020 om 00:27 geschreven door peter  

Trump revealed the existence of a secret weapons program during a call with journalist Bob Woodward, but it’s just as possible he’s just making shit up.

 By Matthew Gault

IMAGE: GETTY IMAGES

In a conversation with Bob Woodward in January, Trump dropped a juicy tidbit about national security. “I have built a nuclear—a weapons system that nobody’s ever had in this country before,” Trump said, according to The Washington Post. “We have stuff that you haven’t even seen or heard about. We have stuff that Putin and Xi have never heard about before. There’s nobody—what we have is incredible.” 

It sounds like Trump is talking about a secret nuclear project, the kind of weapon that could compete with the new and varied nuclear weapons Russia is developing. According to Rage, Woodward’s new book on the Trump presidency, he confirmed the existence of the new weapon system but couldn’t get any additional details. That’s left experts and journalists wondering just what the weapon might be. We have good guesses but no concrete answers.

The first problem is that Trump isn’t a reliable source of information. “No one knows what Trump is talking about, least of all Trump himself,” Jeffrey Lewis, a nuclear policy expert and professor at the Middlebury Institute of International Studies in California, told Motherboard on the phone. “We are all trying to match his demented ramblings to some sort of ordered reality.”

America is in the process of modernizing its nuclear arsenal, has recently dropped out of several important nuclear treaties, and has floated the idea of resuming nuclear testing. It’s not outside the realm of possibility that America is developing new nuclear weapons. It recently deployed the W76-2, a “low-yield” submarine-launched ballistic missile. Trump dropped his nuclear secret on Woodward in a December 2019 conversation. We learned about the deployment of the new SLBMs after a December so it’s possible that’s what Trump is talking about.

Task & Purpose speculated that that the “secret weapon” is likely the modified W7-62. This variant of the Trident missiles is thought to have an explosive power of around five kilotons, compared to the 90-kiloton W76-1 and ludicrous 455-kiloton W88, all of which may be present on America’s nuclear armed submarines.

According to Lewis, and defense journalists at The War Zone, the more likely explanation is that Trump isn’t talking about a nuclear weapon at all. “When he mentions nuclear, to my ears, he appears to correct himself,” Lewis said. “So I don’t think he’s actually talking about a nuke. And then he proceeds to say a couple of things that are interesting. He calls it incredible. He talks about how Xi and Putin don’t have one and nobody’s ever heard of anything like this before.”

Lewis said that this is exactly how Trump has talked about another new U.S. weapon—the common hypersonic glide vehicle. Hypersonic glide vehicles are a new kind of body for munitions that would allow them to “glide” through the air and navigate missile defense systems at hypersonic speeds. America, China, and Russia are all testing them for use with conventional munitions. Putin has said Russia is developing a hypersonic nuclear weapon.

Trump talked about the hypersonic glide vehicles in February and May of 2020. This is the famed super duper missile. “In that case he said it was incredible, he said Xi and Putin didn’t have one and said that nobody had ever heard of a thing like that,” Lewis said. “So he said something pretty similar...to me, the language he used in December with Woodward is very much like the language he used in February and May to refer to the common hypersonic glide body.”

But Trump said nuclear on the call with Woodward. “It’s true he says nuclear,” Lewis said. “He doesn’t say ‘wait, I was wrong. He just blunders through it by changing what he said. I admit, I’m responding tonally to what I hear.”

Trump on paper and Trump heard are two very different things. On paper, it looks like Trump is talking about a new nuclear missile. When you listen to it, it sounds like a guy who accidently said the wrong thing and corrects himself.

“The one thing I would say against my hypothesis,” Lewis said. “Is that in the clip we have, he doesn’t call it super duper. That’s the one thing that’s missing...there’s not going to be a simple correspondence of words that come out of Donald Trump’s mouth and the facts in the real world. So that makes this hard. It’s possible he’s talking about a thing that doesn’t exist. Or it’s possible he’s talking about a thing that he wished existed. He could be talking about a new sex doll that he got. He’s just so disconnected from reality.”

With the nuclear arms race heating up and the dissolution of America’s nuclear treaties, it’s entirely possible that the Pentagon has designed a new nuclear weapon it has yet to reveal to the world. But keeping such a weapon a secret is counter to a foundational idea of nuclear war. Nuclear weapons are based on deterrence—the idea that you have a weapon so terrible the enemy won’t attack.

That doesn’t mean it wasn’t developed, or even that Trump was talking about hypersonic glide bodys. It’s possible he made the whole thing up and Woodward’s other sources were mistaken. As with so much else in the Trump White House, it’s impossible to parse what’s misinformation, what is fiction, and what is an outright lie.

Relateed videos, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://www.vice.com/en_us }

11-09-2020 om 23:44 geschreven door peter  

JAPANESE SPACECRAFT WILL SHOOT MARTIAN MOONS IN 8K RESOLUTION

An artist’s impression of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency’s planned Martian Moons eXploration spacecraft approaching Phobos, one of the red planet’s two small moons. The probe is designed to land on Phobos, collect soil samples and return them to Earth for analysis.

Image:JAXA

{ https://futurism.com/the-byte }

11-09-2020 om 23:27 geschreven door peter  

Within the field of Ufology, the term “little green men” turns up now and again – usually in a disparaging, fun-poking, debunking fashion. The fact is, though, that real LGM are not as common as some might think. After all, the most visible and well-known aliens of Ufology (and of pop-culture, too) are the large-headed, black-eyed Grays. And they’re called the Grays for a very good reason: they are gray in color! The real Men in Black (who are clearly not human) have pale skin, sometimes almost milk-white. The Space Brothers and Sisters of the 1950s had a skin color the same as us. And, yet, the LGM words still circulate. Of course, the so-called Reptilians of both Ufology and the world of conspiracy-theorizing are said to be green in color. It has to be said, though, that the Reptilians are certainly not little in stature. In fact, quite the opposite: they tower over even us – if you buy into the tales, it must be said. With that said, just how popular is the LGM phenomenon? Let’s have a look.

Edgar Rice Burroughs

A researcher of folklore named Chris Aubeck has been able to determine that those three, now-famous words – little green men – date back to the final years of the 19^th century. The renowned fantasy novelist Edgar Rice Burroughs wrote of the “green men of Mars” in his 1906 story, A Princess of Mars. On May 22, 1947, just one month before the term “flying saucer”” was coined (following the sighting of a squadron of UFOs seen over Mount Rainier, Washington State by a pilot named Kenneth Arnold) a reference to “little green men” was made in a Harrisburg, Illinois newspaper, the Daily Register. Although the small article was on a medical condition that can cause the skin to turn green, it demonstrates that the terminology was in popular use before UFOs were, themselves, a part of our culture. Four years later, in 1951, a sci-fi novel, Mack Reynolds’ The Case of the Little Green Men was published.

Let’s now take a look into the distant past. So the tale goes, back in the 12^th Century, a young girl and boy, of strangely green-hued skin, appeared in the  village of Woolpit, England, which is situated between the towns of Bury St. Edmunds and Stowmarket. The children claimed to have come from a magical place called St. Martin’s Land, which existed in an atmosphere of permanent twilight, and where the people lived underground, on nothing but green beans. While the story has been relegated by many to the realms of mere myth and folklore, it may not be just that. It might, actually, be much more. According to the old legend, the two children remained in Woolpit and were ultimately baptized by the villagers, who accepted them as their very own. And although the boy ultimately grew sickly and eventually died, the girl did not. She thrived and finally lost her green-tinged skin to normal colored skin of healthy appearance.

Aliens? Not in my opinion (you can find my views on all this at this link). I have, however, heard several UFO researchers say that the children were what we might call “proto” little green ETs. Researcher-writer Melanie Koslovic says: “It has also been suggested that the children may have been aliens, or inhabitants of a world beneath the Earth. In 1996 an article was published in the magazine Analog concerning this mystery; astronomer Duncan Lunan hypothesized that the children were accidentally sent to Woolpit from their home planet due to a malfunction in their ‘matter transmitter.'” Such is the passage of time, we’ll probably never get the full story of those strange kids. What all of this tells us is that yes, the “little green men” terminology is indeed ingrained in the field of Ufology. The extent to which it has a place in reality, however, is quite a different thing. For me, at least.

Related videos, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

11-09-2020 om 23:13 geschreven door peter  

The Space Force troops wear a new woodland camouflage uniform

Credit: US Air Force/Staff Sgt. Kayla White

“To infinity … and beyond!”

The U.S. Space Force – the first military service branch tasked with operations in the space domain – has deployed its first Space Force airmen (that’s what they’re called, even if they’re female – at least until the Space Force switches over to Navy rankings) on their first mission. Where will they be stationed? Infinity? The International Space Station? Cape Canaveral? Area 51? A secret base testing secret anti-Tic-Tac-UFO aircraft?

I’m hoping its infinity.

“While a sunset would usually have signaled the end of just another day at Al Udeid Air Base, Qatar, for 20 military members the golden hour glow seemed to symbolize the promise of a new beginning. Enlisted and commissioned Airmen assigned to the 16th Expeditionary Space Control Flight and the 609th Air Operations Center joined the U.S. Space Force during enlistment and oath of office ceremonies at the Silent Sentry compound Sept. 1, 2020.”

That’s right – the first deployment of the Space Force is to Qatar. The twenty officers and Airmen in core space career fields such as space operations and space systems operations were formerly members of Space Operations. Now, as U.S. Air Force Col. Todd Benson, director of Space Forces for U.S. Air Forces Central Command, said in the press release, they are “joining our nation’s newest service.”

They have been deployed to the Middle East will they will conduct space operations from their base

Credit: US Air Force/Staff Sgt. Kayla White

But … Qatar?

We hear you. Let’s see if we can figure out why. Al Udeid Air Base did not exist until Operation Desert Storm, the Gulf War in 1991 between coalition forces and Iraq. Sensing a need for a base in the Gulf, Qatar secretly built Al Udeid Air Base in 1996 at the cost of more than $1 billion. It was first used by the U.S. in 2001 by the U.S. to prepare for operations in Afghanistan and eventually in Iraq and Syria. Al Udeid now serves as logistics, command, and basing hubs for the U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM) area of operations.

And?

Well, that’s about it. No invasion has been announced. Al Udeid Air Base is probably the most modern based used by the U.S. military and it was once secret, so it could still have some new secret operations for the Space Force. It most likely has had more Air Force operations than any other base, so its pilots have had the most opportunities to encounter UFOs/UAPs. This seems like a good place for Space Force to be … especially since their uniforms are already desert camouflage.

Not blue? Or something stolen from Star Trek?

Nope … camo. The ‘official’ reasons are to save money (not a good sign) and that the Space Force is a ground force supporting ground personnel. That’s disappointing to the Trek-loving public and not really great for recruiting future Space Force members.

The US Space Force has its own flag

Credit: Reuters

What would Buzz Lightyear think?

“Years of academy training wasted.”

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

11-09-2020 om 22:15 geschreven door peter  

Planet Size Space Station Found On Google Sky Map, Sept 2020, Photos, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: Sept 10, 2020
Location of discovery: Space
Google coordinates:  -3.126643°  -12.073192°
Method used: Google Sky map

This three dimensional object in space is 100% proof that aliens create structures that are as big as planets. Why limit yourself to a round planet when you can make any design you desire? Here we see a giant blue planet size space station. 

I found it using Google sky map, just copy paste the coordinates into it and you will find it. Its the same map as Google Earth and mars maps, but you have to hit the button and choose Sky. 

How could such a huge constructed object even exist? Easy, you think in terms of 100 years being a long time...relative to our lifespan. However many alien species live forever, unless an accident befalls them. So time means little to them. They give the order to the AI androids and check back on it in a few thousand years...long to us, but a mere few weeks to them. 
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

11-09-2020 om 18:13 geschreven door peter  

On September 8, 2020, Dutchsinse detected on NEXLAB Satellite and Radar a mysterious beam shooting from California to Malheur National Refuge.

One day later, on September 9 another beam has been detected in a different location coming down from outer space - out above the ocean off the coast of California. With the wild-land fires already burning in Western Oregon now this beam going directly into a new fire that just started in Oregon.

In the second video, a flash can been seen to the right of the beam origin point out in the ocean West of California, Then.. the beam suddenly shuts off. This proves its not the fire causing a reflection since the fire keeps going just as bright even after the beam suddenly shuts off.

According to Dutchsinse: Someone decided to try to censor or hide the beam.. putting a black line of censorship over the beam in the hopes to make it "disappear" into the background. See short color enhanced version of what has happened on September 9, 2020.

Slight problem with that, the people who did the censoring chose the wrong shade of black. They chose pure black, but the satellite live view is more of a grey black and now you can see a black line of censoring over the beam. 

Instead of hiding it like they were hoping, now it stands out even more. That's the worst thing anyone could have done. They just got caught altering the data. 

Another way to look at it - if it was just a mistake or glitch then why try to hide it instead of just publicly say its a glitch of some kind?

Dutchsinse: In my opinion, now that someone is trying to hide the beam.... this is a greater sign that someone is using a directed energy weapon.

Here is a short color enhanced version of what has happened on September 8, 2020.

  

Here is a short color enhanced version of what has happened on September 9, 2020.

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

11-09-2020 om 18:03 geschreven door peter  

UFO Performs Incredible Evasive Maneuver from A Laser Pointer

The bizarre UFO was observed not too long ago executing these super complex evasive maneuvers after a laser pointer came to it straight on.

The incident took place on the Big Bear Lake from California as the witness caught all the strange events on camera, which essentially showing to the public that these UFOs are real and that they’re not taking any chances with humans.

Don’t forget to follow us on Facebook for the latest UFO news, videos & photos.

Link: www.facebook.com/LatestUFOSightings/

Some conspiracy theorists believe that it wasn’t the first time the UFO attempted to avoid lasers because it instantly did the maneuvers right off the bat.

The behavior of the UFO might be mean that the military is currently fighting alien races with their own laser-powered weapons. The theory may seem a stretch, but it would explain why the UFO had that sudden reaction.

The original poster of the clip went as far as to compare the evasive maneuvers to an automated car when it is about to hit something.

The comparison may not be worth it to delve too deep. However, this encounter may prove that UFOs are real and that they’re incredibly aware of their surroundings to the point where a mere laser can instantly alert them as they essentially attempt to evade it at all cost.

Related videos, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

11-09-2020 om 17:58 geschreven door peter  

Interstellar visitor 'Oumuamua could actually be a cosmic dust bunny

By Chelsea Gohd

An artist's depiction of the first identified interstellar object, 'Oumuamua.

(Image: © M. Kornmesser/ESO)

Ever since it floated through our cosmic neck of the woods, the interstellar visitor 'Oumuamua has intrigued and perplexed scientists. Now, a new theory has emerged that the cigar-shaped space rock might actually be a dust bunny. 

Here on Earth, "dust bunnies" are clumps of accumulated dust and debris held together by static electricity that float around under furniture, pushed by passing breezes. But, the scientists behind a new study suggest that 'Oumuamua, the first interstellar object ever spotted in our solar system, could be (basically) a scaled-up dust bunny. 

The study, led by Jane Luu, an astronomer at the University of Oslo in Norway, suggests that the interstellar space rock could have formed from dust blown off the nucleus of a comet outside of our solar system. This rock, an accumulation of rock and dust from the comet, would be pushed through space by solar radiation and eventually take a short tour of our solar system.

• Related: 'Oumuamua: Solar system's 1st interstellar visitor explained in photos

After scientists discovered 'Oumuamua in 2017, they formulated a myriad of theories about what the object might be, how it could have formed and how it is traveling so fast through space. Theories surrounding the object had to take into account 'Oumuamua's strange, cigar-like shape and its high speed, at around 57,000 mph (92,000 kph). 

Researchers have proposed that perhaps the object is solid hydrogen that, as the rock nears a star, turns to gas and propels 'Oumuamua onward. Some scientists suggested that perhaps the object, which appeared to be cigar-shaped, was actually more disk-like in reality. Still others wondered whether the rock could be an alien light sail built by an intelligent alien species. 

In the new research, Luu and her team suggested that a large chunk of rock may have once broken off the comet's nucleus and, as dust and gas particles flowed away from the nucleus, they would attach themselves to the rocky fragment, eventually forming 'Oumuamua. Over time as the fragment grew larger, the gas flowing away from the comet would eventually push the dusty rock out into space. 

The scientists suspect the original comet was a "long-period" comet, which take a long time to circle their stars and travel quite far away from them. Because of the comet's weak gravity the pressure of radiation, the researchers think that the object separated from its parent comet on a trajectory into interstellar space, eventually leading it on a brief detour through our solar system.

Luu thinks that with sky survey technologies like the telescope Pan-STARRS 1 (Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System), which first spotted 'Oumuamua in 2017, we will start to see more and more interstellar interlopers like 'Oumuamua, according to a statement. The Pan-STARRS 1 telescope in Hawaii, nestled high atop the summit of Maui's Haleakala volcano, is a space-rock hunting powerhouse that can see extremely faint objects like 'Oumuamua. 

Observing new interstellar travelers is vital, as the fast pace of 'Oumuamua means scientists were only able to observe it in our solar system for a few weeks. By spotting new objects, scientists could also see whether they formed in the way that Luu's team proposed in the new research on 'Oumuamua. 

• This work was published on Sept. 4 in the Astrophysical Journal Letters. 

Email Chelsea Gohd at cgohd@space.com or follow her on Twitter @chelsea_gohd.

Follow us on Twitter @Spacedotcom and on Facebook.

{ https://www.space.com/ }

11-09-2020 om 01:35 geschreven door peter  

Piri Reis Map - How Could a 16th Century Map Show Antarctica Without Ice?

On October 9, 1929, a German theologian named Gustav Adolf Deissmann was cataloguing items in the Topkapi Palace library in Istanbul when he happened across a curious parchment located among some disregarded material. On the gazelle skin parchment was a map, now referred to as the Piri Reis map .

The map was drawn and signed by Turkish cartographer Hagji Ahmed Muhiddin Piri , aka Piri Reis, and is dated to 1513 AD. Reis was an admiral in the Turkish navy, an experienced sailor, and a cartographer, who claimed to have used 20 source maps and charts to construct the map, including 8 Ptolemaic maps, 4 Portuguese maps, an Arabic map, and a map by Christopher Columbus.

Since its discovery, the Piri Reis map has stirred both intrigue and controversy, mostly due to the presence of what appears to be a representation of Antarctica 300 years before it was discovered. Another—if not even more intriguing facet of the appearance of Antarctica—is that it appears to show the land mass before it was covered in ice, over 6000 years ago.

Evidence of Ancient Technology?

The great debate was sparked by Professor Charles Hapgood when he published his theory on the Piri Reis map in his book Maps of the Ancient Sea Kings in 1965. He and a team of students at the University of New Hampshire studied the map and found many anomalies, such as the use of mercatorial projection and the inclusion of a pre-ice Antarctica.

The Greeks were able to create cylindrical maps based on their knowledge of a spherical earth, though mercatorial projection was not used by Europeans until later in the 16 ^th century, and were also able to use astronomy and geometry to calculate latitude and longitude, though absolute accuracy was not possible until the invention of the chronometer in 1760. While these two feats—amazing as they are—could be explained by use of Greek source maps and charts from the age of Alexander, nothing could explain the inclusion of Antarctica. As a result, Hapgood proposed that the map was based on materials that pre-date 4000 BC, before any known developed languages or progressive civilizations.

This theory implies that a prehistoric civilization had the technology to navigate major seaways and fairly accurately chart the globe. Hapgood also suggested that the topographic depiction of the interior of the continents required aerial capabilities, implying the prehistoric ‘super’ civilization to be both nautical and aerial masters and leading to the further speculation of either an Atlantean or alien civilization. No evidence has been found to support such theories.

South America vs Antarctica

Skeptics of Hapgood’s theory point out that the map is a representation of the South American coastline, pointing to modern physical features of the coast and interior included on the 16 ^th century map. Otherwise, argue critics, the image would indicate that Antarctica and South America had once been connected at Uruguay, and that Argentina did not yet exist.

While this argument possibly dismisses the presence of Antarctica on the Piri Reis map,  other anomalous maps have been found that are identical to the the ice free continent as only 20 ^th century satellite technology has been able to identify.

Other theories of Hapgood’s have already been dismissed, such as his polar shift theory in which he claimed a sudden shift in the inclination of the Earth's axis of rotation in 9,500 BC could have resulted in the displacement of Antarctica, sending it hundreds of miles south and resulting in the alteration of its climate from semi-temperate to freezing. All evidence suggests that this shift could not, and did not, occur.

Undiscovered Civilization?

The true question is whether or not Antarctica is the identifiable continent on the Piri Reis map, or any of the other anomalous maps. If it is, could the Piri Reis map have been based on the documents of a yet undiscovered, prehistoric civilization, one that could possess technology enabling them to travel and accurately chart the globe? Regardless of the true origin of the sources, one thing is for certain: this map opens up the debate over how we view our own history and what, if any, of those views are accurate. Perhaps someday the truth will be discovered.

• Top image: The Piri Reis Map. Credit: Mehmetilker / Adobe Stock

By Beth

{ https://www.ancient-origins.net/ }

11-09-2020 om 00:15 geschreven door peter  

NEW MILITARY DRONE FITS IN BACKPACK, CAN CARRY LASERS, RADIO JAMMERS, WEAPONS

ANDURIL

{ https://futurism.com/the-byte }

10-09-2020 om 23:49 geschreven door peter