The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
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Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
19-11-2020
Earth is fighting a laser duel with the exploding Carina Nebula
Earth is fighting a laser duel with the exploding Carina Nebula
Four orange laser beams blaze through the Milky Way while an angry purple nebula transfixes us with its death-stare. Happily (or sadly, depending on how much news you've consumed this week), Earth is not doomed; in fact, it's an Earthly telescope that's launching the lasers in this epic image from the European Southern Observatory (ESO).
Dubbed ESO's picture of the week, this shot looks like a cosmic battle to the death, but it actually captures a clever astronomical trick that scientists use to peer across time and space. The purple star system pictured here is the Carina Nebula, sometimes called the Eta Carinae nebula in honor of its most famous star system. Eta Carinae — actually a pair of two giant stars — has been steadily exploding in a spectacular eruption of gas and dust for nearly 200 years. Though the system is located about 7,500 light-years from Earth, this ever-brightening explosion has rendered it one of the most luminous star systems in the Milky Way.
Seeing that far into space can be tricky, even when gazing at one of our galaxy's brightest objects through one of Earth's mightiest telescopes (in this case, the ESO's Very Large Telescope, located in Chile). One niggling problem: Earth's gassy atmosphere always gets in the way, blurring and distorting the view of celestial objects.
That's where the lasers come in. According to the ESO, scientists fire these lasers from one of the Very Large Telescope's component pieces to simulate distant stars. (Sodium particles in the atmosphere cause the beams to glow orange.) Astronomers then focus on these artificial stars to measure how much the beams are being blurred by Earth's atmosphere. By practicing with fake stars, astronomers can more effectively calibrate the telescope to correct for atmospheric blurring when looking at real stars, galaxies and explosive objects like Eta Carinae, according to the ESO.
So, to summarize: Earth scientists are actively shooting lasers into the heart of an exploding star system — but only so they can get to know it better. In our strange and beautiful Milky Way, it's just the neighborly thing to do.
The nebula, which looks like a spectral blue eye when observed in ultraviolet light, was first discovered in 2004. Now, researchers believe they finally understand how it was formed.
When stars collide
The blue ring nebula surrounds the dully-named star TYC 2597-735-1 but while its name lacks excitement, its structure more than makes up for it.
Initially, it looked like a quirky little porblem that could be solved by a brief study and some observations, but the more astronomers looked into it, the more the mystery deepened
“Every time we thought we had this thing figured out, something would tell us, ‘No, that’s not right,'” Mark Seibert, an astrophysicist with the Carnegie Institution for Science, a member of the GALEX team and a co-author on the new research, said in a statement. “That’s a scary thing as a scientist. But I also love how unique this object is, and the effort that so many people put in to figure it out.”
Seiberg and colleagues used data from the now-defunct Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) space telescope that was used to discover the nebula, but they also combined it with data from the W. M. Keck Observatory, the Hobby-Eberly Telescope in Texas, and space-based telescopes like NASA’s retired Spitzer, to get a better picture of the entire structure.
The data was weird. For starters, the team found that it wasn’t a planetary nebula, which was their original hypothesis, because there was simply too much debris around. The only plausible alternative was a stellar collision. But a stellar collision also didn’t seem to fit, as the data showed an accretion disk around the star, which is commonly found around young stars — while TYC 2597-735-1 is pretty old.
That’s when astrophysicist Brian Metzger from Columbia University entered the stage. Metzger had been building mathematical and computational models of cosmic mergers. When he started sharing his data with the rest of the team, everything began falling into place.
“Like catching sight of a baby when it first walks”
The ring that surrounds the nebula is not actually a ring or even a sphere, Metzger’s models suggested. It’s actually the base of a cone, with the tip pointing at the bright dot in the middle. The nebula is facing Earth almost directly, which hides the rest of the cone from us.
Armed with the observational data and the theoretical models, the team concluded that the nebula is indeed a stellar collision, but an extremely new one.
Stellar mergers are fairly common, in cosmic terms. Astronomers predict that they occur in the globular clusters of our galaxy about once every 10,000 years, which may seem like a long time to us, but it’s the blink of an eye in astronomy. But they’re hard to see because they are quickly obscured by the dust and debris, says Keri Hoadley, the David and Ellen Lee Postdoctoral Scholar in Physics at Caltech in a statement. Astronomers caught it at just the exact moment, it seems.
“We think this object represents a late stage of these transient events, when the dust finally clears and we have a good view,” says Hadley, who is the lead study author, for Caltech. “But we also caught the process before it was too far along; after time, the nebula will dissolve into the interstellar medium, and we would not be able to tell anything happened at all.”
“It’s like catching sight of a baby when it first walks,” adds Don Neill, a research scientist at Caltech and a GALEX team member. “If you blink, you might miss it.”
The history of a mysterious nebula
Because it’s such a rare sighting, it can also be used as a blueprint for this type of process. Astronomers are much more likely to find this type of merger at different stages, and this data could help interpret other nebula observations.
But this particular nebula is interesting in its own right, and unraveling its story is well worth it.
Astronomers say the story of the Blue Ring Nebula began a few millennia ago, possibly after the first human civilizations had been established. It started with two stars: a larger one, about the mass of our sun, and a smaller one orbiting around it. The larger star grew closer and closer to the smaller one, which started siphoning off material from the larger one. But it couldn’t syphon enough and was ultimately devoured — which sent a cloud of debris flying all around. The cloud of debris was then sliced in half by the small star’s remaining disk of gas, producing the two cone clouds astronomers described in the new study.
It’s worth noting that the nebula isn’t technically blue. It was photographed in ultraviolet light, so it’s not technically any color, it’s just that blue is commonly used to depict ultraviolet and this is what astronomers went with. The pink around the nebula also isn’t technically pink. The shockwave from the merger excited hydrogen molecules in the debris, which caused them to fluoresce, also in ultraviolet light. This process was also observed around a star called Mira, also imaged by GALEX in 2007.
The Blue Nebula has puzzled scientists for more than a decade, but new findings suggest it may be the youngest known example of two stars merging into one.
Astronomers first discovered the mysterious object in 2004, leading them on a mission to uncover what caused a circle of blue light to form around the star, named TYC 2597-735-1.
In a new study, the team suggests that the ring is actually a cone and the glowing debris formed after a sun-like star engulfed a smaller stellar companion.
A massive cloud of hot debris shot into space when they merged that was sliced in two by the gas disc, and because only one of the cones is facing Earth, it appears as a central blue ring.
Astronomers first discovered the mysterious object in 2004, leading them on a mission to uncover what caused a circle of blue light to form around the star, named TYC 2597-735-1
The Blue Nebula was discovered by scientists with NASA's space-based Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) 16 years ago who said it was 'unlike anything the'd seen before in our Milky Way galaxy.'
The images showed a large, faint blob of gas with a star shining brightly in the center.
And although it looks blue in images, it does not actually give off light visible to the human eye.
For more than a decade, the team worked tirelessly to unravel its mystery.
A massive cloud of hot debris shot into space when they merged that was sliced in two by the gas disc, and because only one of the cones is facing Earth, it appears as a central blue ring
Mark Seibert, an astrophysicist with the Carnegie Institution for Science and a member of the GALEX team, said: 'Every time we thought we had this thing figured out, something would tell us 'No, that's not right.'
'That's a scary thing as a scientist. But I also love how unique this object is, and the effort that so many people put in to figure it out.'
In a new study published online on November 18 in the journal Nature, the team suggests they have finally solved the puzzle.
The nebula was determined to be a relatively fresh stellar merger, just some thousand years old, of a star the size of our Sun and another that had about 100 times the mass as Jupiter.
When the sun-like star was dying, it began to swell, pushed its towards the smaller stellar object and eventually engulfed it.
Although the result of this violent event ended in two cones, there is an area where they overlap that appears as a circle when observed from Earth.
The light was produced after the collision, which excited the hydrogen molecules, causing them to radiate with ultraviolet light and overtime the glow became bright enough for GALEX to see (pictured is the star Mira, which went through the same process)
The light was produced after the collision, which excited the hydrogen molecules, causing them to radiate with ultraviolet light and overtime the glow became bright enough for GALEX to see.
Lead study author Keri Hoadley, from David and Ellen Lee Postdoctoral Scholar in Physics at Caltech, said 'The merging of two stars is fairly common, but they quickly become obscured by lots of dust as the ejecta from them expands and cools in space, which means we can't see what has actually happened.'
'We think this object represents a late stage of these transient events, when the dust finally clears and we have a good view.
'But we also caught the process before it was too far along; after time, the nebula will dissolve into the interstellar medium, and we would not be able to tell anything happened at all.'
Side by side pictures of brain cells and a cosmic web of galaxies make it difficult to tell the two apart. So it can seem that the universe is like one giant brain or vice-versa, there’s a tiny universe in each of our brains. That’s not merely some entertaining thought. In a new study, an astrophysicist and a neurosurgeon have documented the striking similarities between cosmic networks of galaxies and neural networks of brain cells.
The mini-cosmos inside the brain
Alberto Feletti, a neurosurgeon at the University of Verona, and Franco Vazza, astrophysicist at the University of Bologna, performed a quantitative analysis of neural and cosmic networks, showing that the natural physical processes lead to similar structures even when differences in scale can be greater than 27 orders of magnitude.
The human brain contains approximately 69 billion neurons, whereas the observable universe consists of a web of at least 100 billion galaxies. In both galactic and neural networks, just 30% of their masses are composed of ‘working’ masses, such as galaxies and neurons. The rest of the 70% of matter plays an apparently passive role: water in the brain and dark energy in the observable cosmos, the authors wrote in Frontiers in Physics.
The pair of Italian researchers also performed side by side comparisons between simulations of galactic and neural networks in order to see how matter fluctuations scatter over the two scales.
“We calculated the spectral density of both systems. This is a technique often employed in cosmology for studying the spatial distribution of galaxies,” Vazza said in a statement. “Our analysis showed that the distribution of the fluctuation within the cerebellum neuronal network on a scale from 1 micrometer to 0.1 millimeters follows the same progression of the distribution of matter in the cosmic web but, of course, on a larger scale that goes from 5 million to 500 million light-years.”
Next, the researchers computed the average number of connections in each node for both neural and cosmic networks, and analyzed their tendency to cluster together in relevant central nodes with the network.
“Once again, structural parameters have identified unexpected agreement levels. Probably, the connectivity within the two networks evolves following similar physical principles, despite the striking and obvious difference between the physical powers regulating galaxies and neurons,” adds Alberto Feletti. “These two complex networks show more similarities than those shared between the cosmic web and a galaxy or a neuronal network and the inside of a neuronal body”.
Left: section of cerebellum, with magnification factor 40x, obtained with electron microscopy. Right: section of a cosmological simulation, with an extension of 300 million light-years on each side.
Credit: Dr. E. Zunarelli, University Hospital of Modena / Vazza et al. 2019 A&A.
Fractals are everywhere
These similarities are truly striking, but what can explain them? The cosmos has been shaped by the laws of physics and the forces that govern it, such as gravity and dark matter. The brain is shaped by biological processes, most important of which is evolution. Over the course of many generations, the human brain has adapted to a certain structure that is most adapted to our environment. But the brain is ultimately made of atoms and molecules, just like the rest of the universe.
What ties the brain and the cosmos at large together are fractals, which are mathematical structures that look the same regardless of how close or far away you observe them. Besides the brain and galaxies, other naturally occurring fractal structures include the path taken by rivers down to the ocean or the delicate shape of a snowflake. Even our cities look a lot like fractals, showing that we inadvertently follow the laws of nature simply because that’s the efficient way to go about things.
Lying practically in the center of Australia, sitting out among the dry and dusty forbidding landscape around 11 miles from the remote desert outpost town of Alice Springs, is the somewhat jarring sight of an installation of squat buildings and satellite dishes ensconced within odd-looking white balls dotting the area, called radomes. Sitting out in this remote, inhospitable land of sun scorched earth as it is, it is easy to conjure up the image that this is a mysterious base on some alien world, but it is in fact a top secret joint American-Australian run military installation officially called the Joint Defence Facility Pine Gap (JDFPG), or more commonly just Pine Gap, also known by its unclassified cover name RAINFALL. Although its official function is to track and monitor satellites, the isolated location out in the middle of nowhere and the complete secrecy surrounding it have made sure that this place has attracted plenty of conspiracies and tales of secret experiments, UFOs, and all manner of strangeness.
The base itself began operations in 1970, established by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), the National Security Agency (NSA), and the U.S. National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) in conjunction with the Australian government. Originally described as a facility for “space research,” its main purpose, or at least what they tell us, is satellite surveillance, its location and remote moonscape of an area perfect for watching vast expanses of the skies, as well as hiding from any spy ships passing in international waters that might try intercept the signals from its array of spherical tracking systems. Since the Cold War it has also been utilized as a missile detection and tracking station, as well as for intercepting and recording weapons and communications signals from hostile nations such as North Korea. The base employs around 1,000 people, sprawls out over at least 20,000 square meters of floor space, and houses a massive expanse of supercomputers and a spider web of tunnels beneath it all, however, its exact layout and the extent of its subterranean facilities are hidden behind a wall of classified top secrecy. Since it is a secret, reclusive desert base completely off limits to outsiders, patrolled by armed security and surrounded by fences generously festooned with “Keep Out” signs, it is perhaps no surprise that over the years strange tales have gravitated towards Pine Gap, ranging from the weird to the totally outlandish.
Pine Gap
Perhaps the most well-known, publicized, and plausible stories surrounding the facility are that it has been instrumental in coordinating and carrying out lethal drone strikes in warzones such as Afghanistan, rumors which angered many Australians who did not want to be complicit in illegal targeted strikes and objected to having that blood on their hands. The accusations of Pine Gap being used to coordinate these killer drone strikes have been categorically denied by military officials for years, even though declassified NSA documents have shown that similar facilities, such as Menwith Hill Station in the UK, have indeed been used for launching targeted drone strike missions, so these documents heavily suggest that Pine Gap, with its cutting edge technology, is also used for these purposes. There has been some confirmation in that the NSA has admitted to using Pine Gap for intelligence sharing and for missions concerning the war on terror, whatever that may entail.
Similarly nefarious and unethical are claims made by famed whistleblower Edward Snowden, who has said that Pine Gap is heavily used for intercepting communications not only from enemies of the state, but also from private communications over phone, emails and faxes, essentially allowing the military to eavesdrop and spy on anyone in the world at any time, monitoring everyone at all times. Making this more ominous still is that there have been claimed to be at least two areas of the base that are completely off-limits to Australian personnel. Of course both the governments of Australia and the United States dismiss all of these allegations, but still they persist. After all, that the government would be involved with this will probably be not that big a stretch of the imagination for many, yet this is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to Pine Gap, and other claims start to veer off into the bizarre. Yes, I’m talking about UFOs and aliens.
Pine Gap has for years been ground zero for all sorts of claims of UFO activity in and around the base. It has gained a reputation as a hotspot of UFO sightings, and has even gained the reputation as “Australia’s Area 51,” furthering its cred as a decidedly oddball place. One strange type of report that has popped up frequently is that of all the hidden camouflaged doors in the surrounding area of the base that strange flying craft come and go through. In as early as 1980 there was a report from two police officers that were in the vicinity helping with a search for a missing child, combing through the desert scrub when right in front of them a door opened in the ground to disgorge several bizarre craft described as “flying bathtubs.” These mysterious objects then flew across the base to enter some sort of portal that appeared in the hills not far away, after which it and the craft vanished. A similar report occurred in 1989, when three hunters saw a hidden door open in the hillside they were on, from which emerged a large metallic gray disc. The door then closed to blend perfectly into the environment as if it never existed. This flying object then reportedly silently flew out across the base to hover right above it before shooting straight up in the sky at breathtaking speed.
Other strange UFO activity has been reported from the base as well. Back in 1975 the pilot and passengers of a private plane flying not far from Pine Gap witnessed a huge white light take off from the base and shoot off into the distance at speeds far exceeding a normal aircraft. Interestingly, when they tried to file a report of the sighting they were told in no uncertain terms to forget what they had seen. Perhaps even stranger than this was an incident that supposedly happened in 1984, when a group of five UFO watchers were staking out the area after apparently receiving an anonymous tip that something big was going to go down at the base, and it seems they would not be disappointed. They claim that there was a sudden flurry of activity by personnel at the base, after which a beam of light shot into the sky and formed some sort of cloud-like portal, from which flew five UFOs that flew around the base shooting down green pillars of light at the domed radomes for several minutes before entering the cloud again and vanishing into thin air. There have indeed been numerous other reports of UFOs hovering over the radomes, and these domed radar installations seem to be of particular interest to these mystery craft.
The mention of the portal in this case fits in very well with some of the other off-the-wall conspiracies about the Pine Gap base. It has long been rumored that among the many secret experiments allegedly carried out at the base are those concerned with opening up doorways to other planets and even other dimensions. Other experiments said to happen at the base are those involving time travel, teleportation, reverse engineering alien technology, controlling the weather, and creating super soldiers. You name it, there has probably been a conspiracy claiming that it is an experiment being carried out at Pine Gap. It is hard to know just how many of these rumors are true and how much of it is just conspiracy theory nonsense, but considering that it is such a top secret place that no one can get near, out in the middle of a forsaken wasteland, it is not hard to see why it has managed to attract so much weirdness. What is with this place? We will perhaps never know what really goes on there, but as long as something is going on there the stories will likely continue to swirl, and if you want tales of UFOs, weird experiments, and high strangeness, you can do worse than Pine Gap.
ALL RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011
Over the years (decades, in fact) a number of people have come forward claiming that alien technology, alien bodies, and even live ETs, are secretly held out at Area 51 – and maybe even deep underground the facility itself. The most well-known such figure is Bob Lazar. He scarcely needs an introduction. Also, there is Charles Hall. He claims knowledge of one particular type of alien at Area 51 that have become known as the “Tall Whites.” As their title makes clear, in appearance they are far removed from the dwarfish Greys. According to Hall, back in 1964 he was working at Nellis Air Force Base, a facility inextricably tied to Area 51 and its secret programs of numerous kinds. There is absolutely no doubt at all that Area 51 would not have attained the high degree of mystique and mystery that it has without the input of the aforementioned Bob Lazar. He, more than anyone else, thrust both the base and the name solidly into the public domain. It should be noted, though, there were others who knew something of the tales of aliens at Area 51, and that have added to the claims of Lazar.
One of those people, said George Knapp – a highly-respected, long-time journalist in Las Vegas, Nevada – was a man named Roy Byrum; he provided tax-based services to some of the employees at Area 51 from 1976 to 1979. Several of Byrum’s clients quietly told him what they knew of the alien craft held at Area 51, and of how massive funding for the UFO programs was being siphoned from other government programs, as a means to hide the paper-trail and the money. After sharing this information with journalist George Knapp, Byrum was leaned on by government agents who paid him a less than friendly visit.
Also in the 1970s, several employees of a company called Holmes & Narver Corporation revealed certain data on Area 51’s alien angle, said George Knapp. It’s a company that provides engineering and construction services. One of the sources – and a former employee of Holmes & Narver – was a woman who worked in the Clark County court system and who was ready to speak with journalist George Knapp. That was quickly nixed, though, when the woman’s life was threatened. As was that of her family. Also pre-Lazar, there is the story of Doug Schroeder, an electrical engineer who confided in Las Vegas TV producer Bob Patrick about what he was told was going on at Area 51. Namely, the reverse-engineering of alien craft and extraterrestrial technologies. Although, Schroeder stressed that, in terms of actually flying the craft, not a great deal at all had been achieved. George Knapp noted that in 1991 Schroeder “died in somewhat mysterious circumstances.”
You may buy into the stories of aliens (dead or alive) out at Area 51. Or, you just might suspect the stories could have been concocted by U.S. Intelligence to try and freak the Soviets – during the Cold War – into thinking that we really do have extraterrestrial technology, when we actually don’t. It’s interesting to note that the tales concerning Byrum and Schroeder both dated from the 1970s. That was the very same time-frame when the CIA – and other U.S. agencies, too – were concerned that certain American ufologists were being groomed for secret work by none other than the KGB. Let’s take a closer look at all of this. In the 1990s, Gerald K. Haines – in his position as the historian of the National Reconnaissance Office – wrote a paper titled “CIA’s Role in the Study of UFOs, 1947-90.” It’s now in the public domain, thanks to the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act. It can be read at the CIA’s website. Haines’ paper detailed the history of how, and why, the CIA became interested and involved in the phenomenon of UFOs. Although Haines’ study covered a period of more than forty years, I will bring your attention to one particular section of his paper. It’s focused on the 1970s.
Haines wrote that CIA officials “…looked at the UFO problem to determine what UFO sightings might tell them about Soviet progress in rockets and missiles and reviewed its counterintelligence aspects.” The Soviets, then, in the 1970s, were camouflaging their secret rocket tests by spreading false and fantastic tales of UFOs. Haines also noted something that is absolutely key to this article: “Agency analysts from the Life Science Division of OSI [Office of Scientific Intelligence] and OSWR [Office of Scientific and Weapons Research] officially devoted a small amount of their time to issues relating to UFOs. These included counterintelligence concerns that the Soviets and the KGB were using U.S. citizens and UFO groups to obtain information on sensitive U.S. weapons development programs (such as the Stealth aircraft),the vulnerability of the U.S. air-defense network to penetration by foreign missiles mimicking UFOs, and evidence of Soviet advanced technology associated with UFO sightings[italics mine].”
What all of this tells us is that U.S. counterintelligence programs, Russian plots, and certain American Ufologists tied to KGB operations in the 1970s, were swirling around everywhere. Could it be that some (or all) of the 1970s-era stories concerning aliens at Area 51 – that I described above – were carefully seeded by U.S. Intelligence to (a) spread the “aliens at Area 51” scenario; (b) scare the Russians into thinking we have extraterrestrial technology; and (c) maybe, as a result, snare a couple of men from overseas named Ivan and Dimitri? ? Very possibly, yes.
Finally, if you want to learn more about the pre-Lazar accounts and cases that George Knapp secured, get a copy of George’s excellent paper, “Area 51, Bob Lazar, and Disinformation.” You can find it in the MUFON Symposium Proceedings of 1993.
If you’re going to get abducted by space aliens, it’s nice to have a fellow human there to keep you company. It’s even better if the fellow human is a celebrity – maybe you’ll get star treatment too. And if it’s a huge celebrity – at least in your country – well, that’s the tale that a UFO researcher in England has decided to come forward with in a new book. The celebrity? Robbie Williams, the British pop star who himself has talked about his interest in UFOs and has had at least one encounter that he swears happened when he was clean and sober. Does he remember being abducted with Russ Kellett?
“I went through a tunnel and ended up in a room with tall, bald aliens. They had the looks of a human but were 10ft tall – that’s not the norm, is it? There were some smaller ones and they all looked the same.”
Kellett recently told Yorkshire Live about an abduction experience he had in 1999 – an experience he finally feels comfortable about revealing in interviews prior to the release of his book, “Through the Eye of an Alien.” Kellett claims he was riding his motorcycle near Druid’s Altar in Bingley, West Yorkshire, at about 10 pm when he entered a tunnel … and came out on a spaceship. He claims he remembered being in a chair, having a tube down his throat and getting some sort of injection in his neck. Then it gets worse.
“A helmet went over my head. That’s what I remember. Later on, I started remembering stuff.”
What he remembered happening next is being given weapons and sent out on some sort of military mission. Just as he started to panic, he claims he saw Robbie Williams behind him, also in uniform.
“I am in a military unit – on a mission. He (Williams) is behind me. We had helmets on. I was ready to go on a mission. I looked at him. He must have been ‘leader one’. I said ‘don’t I know you from somewhere?’ Robbie Will….?’. An alien then shouted ‘get back in line’. You do not mess with these dudes. This is serious stuff, it is not a joke. It is called abduction.”
Robbie Williams looking alien in wax
It’s also called ‘unbelievable’, as Kellett says he found out when attempting to retell his encounter at UFO conferences. That seems surprising since Kellett is known as “The UFO Guru and ET Motorcycle Rider” in the UK and has appeared on a number of paranormal shows. It’s also surprising that a publicity hound like Robbie Williams, especially one with a professed interest in UFOs, hasn’t told the story himself – unless he doesn’t remember it, is an alien himself or it didn’t happen. Williams claims he had a UFO hover over him while lounging outside at the swanky Beverly Hills Hotel in 2008. That one was 300 feet above him, but in 2018 he claimed to have seen another UFO that “if I got a tennis ball out I could have hit it with a tennis ball.”
Yorkshire Live doesn’t give any more information on Kellett’s abduction and alien/Robbie Williams encounter, so it looks like we’ll have to wait for his book to be finished and released. Or for Robbie to decide he wants some of that attention himself and comes forward with his own account. Either way, it’s a strange tale of abduction with a celebrity twist.
If abducted yourself, who would you want to see on the alien spaceship?
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The Mass Alien Agenda: ET Human Hybridization Program Operational Since 1990s… They Came at Night!
The Mass Alien Agenda: ET Human Hybridization Program Operational Since 1990s… They Came at Night!
Certified hypnotherapist, regression therapist and crop circle researcher Barbara Lamb discusses the alien presence here on Earth and how many people are experiencing visitations and medical examinations. Barbara specialises in hypnotic regression therapy with people who experience encounters with extra-terrestrial beings.
Barbara looks at the intent of these beings and examines a number of theories in regard to their agenda. They are here to stay and are bent on conducting their work uninterrupted.
RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011
Bridget Nielsen explains the Alien Hybridization program that is responsible for her bearing 10 Alien Hybrid babies through dream-state on an Alien craft. It’s not uncommon for children and their fathers to live apart, in the next town sometimes even in another country, but a group of women are claiming that their baby daddies live far, far further away than that—in space and the dads are actually aliens who have used their DNA to create human alien hybrids. The women, some of whom claim to have more than ten alien-hybrid children, are adamant that their stories are true, and that their children now live with their fathers on alien spaceships. Two of the women, former marketing executive Bridget Nielson and video game designer, Aluna Verse, agreed to talk with us and share their experiences. Bridget, 27 and Aluna, 23 are part of a group that call themselves the ‘Hybrid Baby Community’. They believe that for years aliens have been harvesting their DNA to create children that combine the best of both human and alien. “It sounds crazy, says Aluna “And people have asked if I’m of my meds. But this is really happening” Bridget says she has been in contact with aliens since a child and says she now has more than 10 alien children—4 boys and 6 girls. “They are creating a hybrid race to better humanity. They are doing it this way because if they came and told us by landing in the front garden we would freak out” Aluna, who says she has three children by alien fathers, continues, “I was in a classroom setting with other humans. All of sudden I’m sat next to this green reptilian creature and immediately I’m so sexually turned on looking at this being. I was very surprised. We’re making love in this classroom in front of everyone.” Bridget’s sexual encounters aboard the alien ship echo Aluna’s. “It was a great” She says, “It was an incredible super primal, super raw, super primal sexual experience. There was a really freedom and we were really going for it. It was the best sex I ever had” Visits between mothers and children all have taken place aboard the alien ships. And neither Bridget nor Aluna have met their kids on Earth. “The biggest thing with me and the other moms” Says Bridget, “Is the longing to be with your children, there is a sadness because you can’t be with them” Hybrid mothers range across all ages, the youngest being 19 and the oldest in her sixties. “We believe there may be hundreds of thousands of women across the world who have hybrid babies, they just don’t know about them” The children themselves, according to pictures drawn by Bridget, Aluna and the other mothers display both human and alien characteristics. “They may have reptilian features, or big black eyes” Explains Aluna, “Though some of them look so human that you could not tell them apart. ” Bridget realises that if her story is to be believed, it would be frightening for the majority of people. She says we are not to worry, that the aliens are only here to help us. “They are not just taking our children. They are doing this for the good of humanity. They are very benevolent beings who are helping us” Believing that she has children living aboard an alien spaceship, has proved problematic in relationships for Bridget. “I don’t really have normal relationships any more. This has become my normal. I know people who are married or have boyfriends and when they tell them it goes down badly” Aluna, who is in a relationship with a human boyfriend, faces the same difficulties, “People have asked me if I’m off my meds. I’ve gotten a thick skin and don’t really care. I don’t mind if someone calls me crazy” But there have been moments of self doubt, moments when she has thought, “Of course I’ve thought that I am crazy and questioned myself” Bridget believes that the aliens are most interested in creating hybrid offspring with this generation. “My generation is a lot more positive and some of us are super-excited to be taken” There has also been a change, says Bridget, in the way the aliens treat their human donors. “The aliens back then didn’t have the emotional capacity as we humans do. They didn’t know how to treat us and a lot of people had terrifying or painful experience because the aliens didn’t know what they were doing wrong” Bridget and Aluna have future plans to open a home where all the Hybrid Mothers can live together, which will act as a safe place for their kid’s visits. Bridget explains, “It will be somewhere away from the cities, somewhere where the children can visit, run free and express themselves. People say we are crazy, but we are not, this is really happening to us”
Hey check this out. A weather app I have been using on my phone had a user who saw a 20km disk over Mexico City in Sept 2020. However something they didn't notice was that there was a giant 2km tall figure also caught on radar...waiting, waving...and entering the ship. This all makes sense now. The ship is very similar to the design of the ancient Aztec round calendar, with the pilot in the center. Notice the center god in the calendar is huge...as is the alien seen on radar. This is no god...its an extremely advanced alien species with god-like abilities. Maybe even one of the Aztec gods themselves coming back to take a look at what he helped create 2,000 years ago. This is the only video in the world showing a moving alien being 3km tall entering a space ship. This is 100% proof of the existence of ancient Aztec god-like beings still walking around us.
Dark Hole In Sun Appears...Is 300X Size Of Earth, Photos, UFO Sighting News.
Dark Hole In Sun Appears...Is 300X Size Of Earth, Photos, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Nov 18, 2020 13:13
Location of sighting: Earths Sun
Source: SOHO EIT 195
Now NASA wont be talking about this today or any time soon. A giant hole has appeared at the northern pole of our sun today. The hole is 300X the size of earth. Now this recent photo actually confirms my earlier theory called Hollow Sun Theory, where a mini solar system actually exists in a hollowed out center of our sun. Ships need a way to come and go on large scales and opening huge doorways like this allows them to not only allow ships in and out, but to also bring in mini moons and planets, which are actually space stations. Yes, the theory sounds odd, but stop thinking in human terms where our lifetime ends in 90-100 years...and start thinking like an aliens...who will never die of natural causes. Then time to make things means little to you, time itself means nothing to you. No pain, no loss, no hard labor since you delegate that to ai controlled robots. All things are easy to create no matter what those things are. Now...you are on the right path of thinking like an alien.
Glowing Orb invisible to human eyes caught in Infrared
Glowing Orb invisible to human eyes caught in Infrared
Athermal/IR camera picked up a huge glowing orb while it hovered for short periods and then moved around as if inspected something.
The homeowner has three security cameras on the front entrance, two regular HD IR and one that has a thermal/IR motion detector and only the thermal/IR camera picked up the image on April 20, 2020.
The orb, which seems to change in size several times, was not visible in the other cameras or to the human eye. Even his wife went outside to see what it was but she was not able to see it. However when she went back to the monitors and played the video back of her going outside, the object was visible.
The Orb phenomenon is still a mystery. Some people think that such an orb is a spirit or lingering energy from deceased entities and other people say it’s just a speck of dust reflecting light or a camera artifact.
Orbs seem to be doorways but has yet to be proved that this is a spirit or an interdimensional being or intelligence, but it does seem that there is a conscious mind behind the orbs and it seems that these kind of energy balls travel via energy lines.
About the mysterious appearance at the front entrance of the owner's house in St. Thomas, Virgin Islands, it remained there until just before dawn and then disappeared.
The icy surface of Jupiter’s moon Europa may glow on its nightside, the side facing away from the sun.
This artist’s concept of Jupiter’s moon Europa shows how the icy surface may glow on its nightside, the side facing away from the sun. Variations in the glow and the color of the glow itself could reveal information about the composition of ice on Europa’s surface.
New lab experiments that re-created the environment of Jupiter’s large moon Europa suggest that the icy world shines, even on its nightside.
As icy, ocean-filled Europa – one of Jupiter’s 79 known moons – orbits the planet, Jupiter bombards Europa’s surface night and day with electrons and other particles, bathing it in high-energy radiation. As the electrons penetrate the moon’s surface, they energize the molecules underneath. According to the new study, published November 9, 2020, in the peer-reviewed journal Nature Astronomy, when those molecules relax, they release energy as visible light, making Europa glow in the dark.
Variations in the glow and the color of the glow itself could reveal information about the composition of ice on Europa’s surface, say the scientists. That’s because different salty compounds react differently to the radiation and emit their own unique glimmer, so color will vary based on the real composition of Europa’s surface.
The new analysis, from scientists at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Southern California, details what the glow would look like, and what it could reveal about the composition of ice on Europa’s surface. According to a NASA statement:
Different salty compounds react differently to the radiation and emit their own unique glimmer. To the unaided eye, this glow would look sometimes slightly green, sometimes slightly blue or white and with varying degrees of brightness, depending on what material it is.
Scientists use a spectrometer to separate the light into wavelengths and connect the distinct “signatures,” or spectra, to different compositions of ice. Most observations using a spectrometer on a moon like Europa are taken using reflected sunlight on the moon’s dayside, but these new results illuminate what Europa would look like in the dark. JPL’s Murthy Gudipati, lead author of the study, said in a statement:
We were able to predict that this nightside ice glow could provide additional information on Europa’s surface composition. How that composition varies could give us clues about whether Europa harbors conditions suitable for life.
That’s because Europa holds a massive, global interior ocean that could percolate to the surface through the moon’s thick crust of ice. Scientists have inferred from prior observations that Europa’s surface could be made of a mix of ice and commonly known salts on Earth, such as magnesium sulfate (Epsom salt) and sodium chloride (table salt). The new research shows that incorporating those salts into water ice under Europa-like conditions and blasting it with radiation produces a glow.
That much was not a surprise, said the researchers, because it’s easy to imagine an irradiated surface glowing. Scientists know the shine is caused by energetic electrons penetrating the surface, energizing the molecules underneath. When those molecules relax, they release energy as visible light. But the study researchers didn’t expect to see variations in the glow itself tied to different ice compositions. JPL’s Bryana Henderson, a study co-author, said:
But we never imagined that we would see what we ended up seeing. When we tried new ice compositions, the glow looked different. And we all just stared at it for a while and then said, ‘This is new, right? This is definitely a different glow?’ So we pointed a spectrometer at it, and each type of ice had a different spectrum.
A moon that’s visible in a dark sky may not seem unusual; we see our own moon because it reflects sunlight. But Europa’s glow is caused by an entirely different mechanism, the scientists said. Imagine a moon that glows continuously, even on its nightside, the side facing away from the sun. Gudipati said:
If Europa weren’t under this radiation, it would look the way our moon looks to us, dark on the shadowed side. But because it’s bombarded by the radiation from Jupiter, it glows in the dark.
Bottom line: A new study suggests Jupiter’s large moon Europa shines, even on its nightside, thanks to a relentless pummeling of radiation from the planet.
If watery plumes do burst from Europa’s surface, they might originate not in the moon’s underground ocean, but instead in pockets of brine trapped in the moon’s crust. If that’s so, it could be a source of frustration for those who want to probe Europa’s ocean for possible life.
Artist’s concept of a water vapor plume on Europa, the smallest of Jupiter’s 4 large Galilean moons.
Jupiter’s moon Europa is known as a water world in the outer solar system. Like Saturn’s moon Enceladus, icy Europa is thought to have an ocean beneath its surface. At the surface of Enceladus, water-vapor geysers are seen erupting into space. Likewise, there’s growing evidence for plumes of water vapor that erupt from Europa’s surface. They are one reason scientists are excited about a spacecraft mission to Europa – the Europa Clipper mission – due to launch in 2024. So here’s a question. If water plumes do burst from Europa’s surface, what is their source? Do they originate in this world’s subsurface ocean (as is the case with Enceladus), or from pockets of salty water trapped in Europa’s crust?
New research announced in November 2020 by scientists at Stanford University, the University of Texas Institute for Geophysics and NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory indicates that the latter may be the case: unlike Enceladus’ plumes, the plumes on Europa appear to spring from pockets of water, or salty subsurface lakes, trapped within the icy moon’s crust.
The peer-reviewed results were published in the journal Geophysical Research Letters on November 5, 2020.
The results come from modeling of Europa’s crust, showing that salty water – brines – could move around within the icy crust and form pockets of water that would then erupt onto the surface.
Knowing where the plumes originate from is crucial to possibly being able to detect evidence of life in Europa’s ocean, if it exists. If Europa’s plumes come from the ocean, as the plumes on Enceladus do, scientists would be able to analyze the water from the ocean itself. As Gregor Steinbrügge at Stanford University commented:
Understanding where these water plumes are coming from is very important for knowing whether future Europa explorers could have a chance to actually detect life from space without probing Europa’s ocean.
Another artist’s illustration of a cryrovolcanic eruption – or ice volcano eruption – this one showing salty water from inside the little moon’s crust, released into space at the site of an impact crater.
Evidence continues to build that Europa’s ocean is potentially habitable, perhaps even with hydrothermal vents around which life could cluster on Europa’s ocean floor, much as deep-sea hydrothermal vents on Earth’s ocean floor support unique ecosystems. On the other hand, it’s thought that pockets of water in the moon’s crust would be less habitable; they’d lack the rich energy sources of hydrothermal vents, for example. So – if Europa’s plumes do come from pockets of brine trapped in the moon’s crust – they might not be as rich a source for analysis by those searching for life on Europa.
Why did the researchers begin to believe Europa’s plumes might come from trapped brine in the crust, rather than from this moon’s subterranean ocean?
They examined images of Europa’s surface sent back by the Galileo probe in the late 1990s and early 2000s. They used that analysis to develop a model suggesting that a combination of freezing and pressurization – from meteorite or asteroid impacts – could cause cryovolcanic eruptions, that is, eruptions of water-ice.
Europa has relatively few impact craters on its icy surface, but the researchers took a close look at Manannán Crater, an 18-mile-wide (29-km-wide) impact crater created tens of millions of years ago. The modeling indicated that the melted ice resulting from the impact, and the refreezing of the water pocket below the surface, could have resulted in an eruption. These scientists’ paper explained:
Jupiter’s satellite Europa has a subsurface ocean covered by an icy shell. We show how small pockets of brine can migrate within the ice from colder areas to warmer areas. This can happen even at very low temperatures, below the point where pure water would freeze, because the water becomes saltier and saltier as it migrates. By looking at an impact crater on Europa, which was initially warm in the center and cooled inward from its colder surroundings, we can study how the water migrated toward the center and formed a central water reservoir. As the final water pocket at the center of the crater started to freeze, the increasing pressure lead to a cryovolcanic eruption that emplaced brine onto the surface to form a prominent ‘spider’ feature before the ice collapsed into the cavity below. Using a digital terrain model of the crater and collapse feature, we estimate how much water erupted and how salty Europa’s ice shell is.
Composite photos from the Hubble Space Telescope and the Galileo spacecraft, showing a suspected plume erupting in the same place on Europa in 2014 and 2016.
Image via NASA/ ESA/ W. Sparks (STScI)/ USGS Astrogeology Science Center/ JPL-Caltech.
Manannán Crater on Europa, the focus of the new study and where scientists think that plumes of water have erupted.
Image via E. P. Turtle/ E. Pierazzo et al./ Science.
Don Blankenship, senior research scientist at University of Texas Institute for Geophysics, added:
The comet or asteroid hitting the ice shell was basically a big experiment which we’re using to construct hypotheses to test. Our model makes specific predictions we can test using data from the radar and other instruments onEuropa Clipper.
After the impact, the water partly froze into ice, but other pockets of water could have also been created in the moon’s crust. Those salty water pockets can theoretically move sideways through the crust. As they do so, they melt the adjacent ice and become even saltier in the process. Steinbrügge said:
We developed a way that a water pocket can move laterally, and that’s very important. It can move along thermal gradients, from cold to warm, and not only in the down direction as pulled by gravity.
In the case of Europa’s Manannán Crater, the scientists think that one of these briny water pockets reached the middle of the crater. After it became stuck there, it started to freeze, which created pressure resulting in a plume-like eruption. The eruption even left a spider-shaped marking on Europa’s surface, which was seen by Galileo.
So while plumes from brine pockets trapped in Europa’s crust wouldn’t provide much information about this little moon’s subsurface ocean, they would show how the outer ice crust is geologically active. Joana Voigt, a graduate research assistant at the University of Arizona, added:
Even though plumes generated by brine pocket migration would not provide direct insight into Europa’s ocean, our findings suggest that Europa’s ice shell itself is very dynamic.
Gregor Steinbrügge at Stanford University, lead author of the new study.
This makes the shallow subsurface – the ice shell itself – a much more exciting place to think about. It opens up a whole new way of thinking about what’s happening with water near the surface.
The hypothesized plume at Manannán Crater would have been relatively small, smaller than other larger plumes for which there is growing evidence from Galileo data and the Hubble Space Telescope. This means, the researchers say, that larger plumes are probably not caused by impact events. As to how they occur, scientists don’t know yet, but if there is an ocean-related mechanism similar to that on Enceladus, that would be exciting. As Robert Pappalardo at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory noted:
The work is exciting, because it supports the growing body of research showing there could be multiple kinds of plumes on Europa. Understanding plumes and their possible sources strongly contributes to Europa Clipper’s goal to investigate Europa’s habitability.
While Europa’s water plumes haven’t quite been fully confirmed yet, the ones on Saturn’s moon Enceladus certainly have. They originate from the moon’s subsurface salty ocean.
The results also suggest that similar plumes could be created on other icy bodies as well. According to Voigt:
Brine pocket migration is not uniquely applicable to Europan craters. Instead the mechanism might provide explanations on other icy bodies where thermal gradients exist.
Determining with certainty the source or sources of Europa’s plumes will probably require in situ observations, and thankfully, NASA’s upcoming Europa Clipper mission, scheduled to launch in 2024, should be able to do that. Even now, there is still some debate as to whether the plumes even exist at all, but the accumulating evidence from Hubble has almost confirmed them now. Even if some of these plumes don’t originate from the ocean itself, it’s still possible that other ones do. Europa Clipper will study Europa in unprecedented detail, and hopefully answer this question as well as many others that scientists have about this fascinating little world.
Bottom line: Scientists now think that at least some of Europa’s watery plumes originate from pockets of salty water in the crust.
This composite image shows suspected plumes of water vapor erupting at the 7 o’clock position off the limb of Jupiter’s moon Europa. The plumes, photographed by NASA’s Hubble’s Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph, were seen in silhouette as the moon passed in front of Jupiter. Hubble’s ultraviolet sensitivity allowed for the features -- rising over 100 miles (160 kilometers) above Europa’s icy surface -- to be discerned. The water is believed to come from a subsurface ocean on Europa. The Hubble data were taken on January 26, 2014. The image of Europa, superimposed on the Hubble data, is assembled from data from the Galileo and Voyager missions.
Credits: NASA/ESA/W. Sparks (STScI)/USGS Astrogeology Science Center
Simulcast on YouTube, Facebook & Twitch – Tuesday, November 18th, 1:00PM EDT (-5GMT)
Guest Philip Mantle discusses his latest book, INTRODUCING UFOS: A Young Person’s Guide that has been fully illustrated by UK author and illustrator Ronald Kinsella. The book is aimed at a young teenage audience. The next generation of UFO researchers and investigators you might say.
BIO: British author / co-author, publicist, lecturer, broadcaster and researcher of Unidentified Flying Objects. UFO research: Philip Mantle’s interest in UFO research began in l979 when he joined the British UFO Research Association (BUFORA), and Yorkshire UFO Society (YUFOS). 1985: Nominated ‘Investigator of the year’ by YUFOS. 1987: Appointed to Council of management of BUFORA. Subsequently acted as Press Officer, Conference Organiser, and Secretary to the National Investigations Committee l988: Appointed England’s representative for the Mutual UFO Network’s (MUFON) l992: Awarded honorary member of the Research Institute on Anomalous Phenomena (RIAP), a science based UFO-study group based in the Ukraine. l993: Appointed Director of Investigations for BUFORA. Although extremely active in the field of UFO research, Philip Mantle has relinquished his various appointed positions, due to professional commitments, with the exception of honorary membership of RIAP. Organisational publication credits include: YUFOS Journal, UFO TIMES, Enigma, California UFO, MUFON UFO JOURNAL, CENAP REPORT, OVNI PRESENCE, Awareness, The Wild Places, UFO Universe, UFO Brigantia and numerous others international publications Newspaper / Magazine publication credits include: Daily Star, The Independent, Today, Plus Magazine, The Guardian, The Mail on Sunday, The People, Daily Mirror, and numerous other local and regional newspapers and periodicals throughout the UK as well as international publications. Lectures and radio / TV broadcasts include: United Kingdom – BBC radio network and TV programmes such as Kilroy, Pebble Mill at One, TV-AM, GMTV, Central Weekend, Fantastic Facts, Wire TV, Schofield’s Quest, Motormouth, The Disney Club, Cool Cube, Good Morning with Anne and Nick, This Morning. International Radio / TV broadcasts – Norway, France, Germany, Austria, Italy, San Marino, Romania, Switzerland, Israel, Japan, and the USA. #introducingufos #youngpersonsguide
The moon’s terminator is the dividing line between day and night on the moon. As we see it from Earth, it marks the line of lunar sunsets or sunrises. Earth and other worlds in our solar system have terminator lines, too.
Ioana Babau in Oradea, Romania, captured this photo of the moon’s terminator link – the line between light and dark on the moon – on November 8, 2020.
The moon’s terminator is the dividing line marking the edge between day and night on the moon. It’s sometimes called the twilight zone, because it marks where the sun is either rising or setting on the moon and so – along the terminator line – the moon’s landscape is in a twilight state. Want to see lunar features more clearly through binoculars or a small telescope? Look along the terminator line. That’s where the contrast between light and shadow reveals the moon’s topography in stark relief. Mountains tower over the lunar regolith – the loose dust, broken rocks, and other materials covering most of the moon’s surface – while craters sink away from their rocky ledges.
The terminator isn’t fixed on the moon, of course. It creeps across the moon’s surface, with the change in its location noticeable in just hours to those peering at the moon through telescopes. A day on the moon lasts 29.5 Earth-days. The moon’s terminator moves a bit slower than 10 miles per hour (16 kph) across the moon’s surface, a pace that seems almost glacial when you consider that, for those at the equator on Earth, our world’s terminator flashes across its surface at about 1,000 mph (1,600 kph). If you set your treadmill at a 10-mile-per-hour (16 kph) pace to reflect the speed of the moon’s terminator, you could jog (or, more likely, run) and see if you’d be able to keep up with the sweep of nightfall across the moon. You’d have to run at a pace that equals about a 6-minute and 15-second mile (for reference, the fastest runner’s record for 1 mile is 3 minutes, 43 seconds).
As we see it from Earth, the moon’s terminator marks the line of lunar sunsets or sunrises. As the moon orbits eastward around Earth, the sunrise terminator crosses our satellite, creating the familiar phases we recognize as crescent, first quarter, gibbous, and finally full. On a full moon, we see no terminator at all, because the side of the moon facing us is completely lit. After the full stage, the sunset terminator takes the moon through the phases in reverse: gibbous, last quarter, crescent, and finally new moon, when no light illuminates the surface.
Seasoned astronomers know that observing the moon during its full stage is a washout. The moon is super bright, its surface brilliant but bland, and your night vision is ruined by peering through a telescope at such a blazing light. On the other hand, the waning and waxing moon phases provide a detailed study of the moon’s surface one night at a time over the course of two weeks.
One popular feature that is seen in its “best light” by the terminator is the lunar Straight Wall. The Straight Wall, also known as Rupes Recta, is a fault line that lies inside Mare Nubium, a basin in the southern portion of the moon. The Straight Wall is one of those details on the moon that can all but disappear except for when the terminator highlights its striking shadow on the eighth day past new moon. If you hunted down Rupes Recta and it was a cinch to find, try for the smaller Rima Birt running parallel nearby.
Tom Wildoner in Weatherly, Pennsylvania, captured this photo of Rupes Recta on the moon on January 14, 2019. He wrote: “Rupes Recta, a linear fault line, or rille, appears as a straight shadow during the 1st quarter phase of the moon giving it the nickname the Straight Wall. This fault has a length of about 68 miles (110 km). The small (11 miles or 18 km wide) crater Birt lies just to the west.”
Even the more obvious lunar features, from the craters Copernicus and Eratosthenes to Montes Apenninus, still benefit from timing your viewing to when the terminator will best put these changes in elevation in contrasting light.
Amateur astronomers are familiar with the phases of Venus, because they are readily visible through binoculars or a telescope. Venus’s disk looks larger and like a crescent when it is closer to Earth and smaller and like a gibbous phase when it is farther away.
Mercury’s nearness to the sun means that its atmosphere has been blown away by the solar wind, and therefore the terminator line’s separation between day and night causes a severe swing in temperature. When the sun beats down on the daytime side of Mercury, temperatures at the surface soar to over 400 degrees Celsius (800 degrees Fahrenheit). But just across the terminator’s border on the night side, temperatures plummet to -183 degrees Celsius (about -300 F).
Bottom line:The terminator line – on Earth’s moon and other planets and moons in space – is caused by sunlight falling on the surfaces of these worlds. It’s the line dividing night and day on the moon and other solar system objects.
Researchers in the U.S. and Spain have discovered a plethora of previously unknown microbes living in wet clay layers below Chile’s arid Atacama Desert. The finding will help future rovers search for life on Mars.
Researchers from Cornell University in the U.S. and Spain’s Centro de Astrobiología have found a diverse ecosystem of microbes living in wet clay layers beneath the arid Atacama Desert in Chile. Could life be found in similar clay layers on Mars?
Mars is dry, dusty and desolate (albeit with some stunning scenery). The extremely arid landscape shares many similarities with deserts on Earth, and scientists have been studying these Earthly desert regions for years, to try to find clues to possible microbial life on Mars, either now or in the past.
Now, researchers at Cornell University and Spain’s Centro de Astrobiología have announced new findings that could have implications for subsurface microbial life on the red planet. The scientists have found microorganisms thriving in the clay-rich, shallow soil layers in the Atacama Desert in Chile. The finding suggests that microbes, either living or fossils, could be found in similar clay layers on Mars.
The intriguing peer-reviewed results were published in Scientific Reports on November 5, 2020.
Diagram of soil layers and photos of the pits dug for samples in the Atacama Desert.
Here we report a layer enriched in smectites located just 30 cm [11.8 inches] below the surface of the hyperarid core of the Atacama. We discovered the clay-rich layer to be wet (a phenomenon never observed before in this region), keeping a high and constant relative humidity of 78% (aw [water activity] 0.780), and completely isolated from the changing and extremely dry subaerial conditions characteristic of the Atacama. The smectite-rich layer is inhabited by at least 30 halophilic (salt-loving) species of metabolically active bacteria and archaea, unveiling a previously unreported habitat for microbial life under the surface of the driest place on Earth. The discovery of a diverse microbial community in smectite-rich subsurface layers in the hyperarid core of the Atacama, and the collection of biosignatures we have identified within the clays, suggest that similar shallow clay deposits on Mars may contain biosignatures easily reachable by current rovers and landers.
The surface of the soil in Atacama is extremely dry, but there is a layer of wet clay about a foot below, the researchers said. That clay is a home for microbes, protected from the harsher conditions above.
Fluorescence microscopy images of bacteria in subsurface clay samples from the pits dug in the Atacama Desert.
The clays are inhabited by microorganisms. Our discovery suggests that something similar may have occurred billions of years ago – or it still may be occurring – on Mars. If microbes still exist today, the latest possible Martian life still may be resting there.
The researchers found at least 30 previously unknown salt-loving microbial species of metabolically active bacteria and archaea (single-cell organisms). That’s pretty significant, given how arid conditions are on the surface.
If any microbes, or their remains, do exist in such shallow clay layers on Mars as well, they could be easily found by future rovers or human crewed missions. That is an exciting possibility. The conditions on Mars’ surface today are drier and colder than those in Atacama, but we do know that clays are abundant in many areas. As well as being detected by orbiting spacecraft, rovers such as Spirit and Opportunity (MER) and Curiosity have found them also, although they were not equipped to find microbes or any other kind of life. Curiosity has found various organic molecules preserved in ancient mudstones, however, which could provide important clues about possible past life.
Alberto G. Fairén at Cornell University, corresponding author for the new paper.
The discovery can help scientists decide what are the best places on Mars to search for evidence of past microscopic life, using the new paper as a guide. Fairén said:
This paper helps guide the search, to inform where we should look and which instruments to use on a search for life.
Gale Crater, where Curiosity landed, also has sediments and clays from a previous large lake. What the rover has found so far is tantalizing, but since it can’t detect signs of life directly, we still don’t know if there actually were any microbes calling that lake home. But two new rovers will be able to search for possible biosignatures: NASA’s Perseverance rover landing in February 2021, and the European Space Agency’s (ESA’s) Rosalind Franklin rover, which will land in 2023. Both rovers will examine clay layers, similar to those in Atacama, just below the surface.
As Fairén noted, clays are one of the best and most likely places to search for evidence of Martian life:
That’s why clays are important. They preserve organic compounds and biomarkers extremely well and they are abundant on Mars.
Artist’s illustration of the Perseverance rover on Mars. It will land in Jezero Crater, which contains ancient lake sediments and clays that could hold hold evidence of ancient life.
The discovery of such a vibrant ecosystem of microbial life in one of the most inhospitable places on Earth is exciting, and provides important clues about how and where to search for life on Mars. Do Martian clays also contain evidence of past or even present life? That is still an unanswered question, but we won’t know until we look!
Bottom line: Researchers have discovered many previously unknown microbes living in wet clay layers below Chile’s arid Atacama Desert.
Every so often it appears that whatever alien entities are out there seem to come down to abduct human beings, often leaving some very weird stories behind. Some of these are truly bizarre, and here we look at one such case from the wilds of South Africa. On August 21 1972, a Peter and Frances MacNorman were on a trip from Sailsbury, Rhodesia, in what is now Zimbabwe, on their way to a place called Beit Bridge, lying along the border with South Africa. The drive was going fairly normally at first, but the night was about to get very strange, beginning with the appearance of a strange entity. As they drove along with the dark landscape passing by and the hypnotic lane lines flickering through the light of their headlights, Peter saw something else bloom into the light, which looked like a small, thin person with an oversized head, although he had the impression that it was not human. Whatever it was then vanished into thin air, leaving Peter baffled as to what had he just seen. The odd sighting would still be playing through his mind when some time later things would get more bizarre still, and here we get into what is one of the oddest alien abduction accounts in South Africa.
At some point, Frances was staring out the window into the murk beyond and noticed that there seemed to be a light out over the bush that was keeping pace with them. She told her husband and he saw it too, although what it was they could not determine. It was definitely not another car, and this became more apparent as it closed the distance and continued following them. As they wondered what the strange object could be, the car headlights suddenly began to fade, their light withering to leave the road ahead gloomy and illuminated solely by that mysterious light. The radio still worked, as did the interior lights, yet the headlights would not come back on, leaving the road ahead very indistinct. The couple then realized that it was absolutely freezing in the car, their breath casting plumes of mist in the cold, and as Peter tinkered with the headlight switch some more he was shocked to suddenly become aware that they were careening through the murky night at a speed of over 90 miles an hour.
Peter then pumped the brakes, but nothing happened, and the steering wheel also would not respond. It was as if the car was no longer under his control, which was quite frightening considering the dangerous speeds they were barreling along on a winding road without headlights. As all this was happening, that anomalous light continued to tail them with inscrutable intent. It was only as they approached the town of Port Victoria that Peter regained control of the car, and the frightened couple pulled into a service station. They noted that it was now 4:30 AM in the morning, filled their car with gas, and continued their journey into the weird.
As they drove along this road on a route they had taken many times before, they noticed that something wasn’t quite right. The road from Fort Victoria to Beit Bridge was normally quite curved and winding, but they noticed that not only was it now completely straight, but the landscape itself seemed to have changed. Rather than the usual scrubland there was in its place an expanse of high grasses and swampland that was completely unfamiliar to them. It was all odd enough that at first they thought they must be lost, but then they noticed that they were approaching the South African border and that the landscape had one again become what they were used to. Even odder than this was that although the whole episode had seemed to take less than half an hour, nearly 2 hours had passed, with neither of them having any recollection of this missing time. Even weirder still was that the instrument panel told them that they still had a full tank of gas, and when they finally got to the border they were surprised to find that their car had four brand new tires on it. How had this happened?
In an effort to find answers, Peter would undergo hypnotic regression to try and unearth any buried memories of that missing time. It would turn out to be even weirder than he had expected. According to him, during the missing time a humanoid entity very similar to the one he had fleetingly seen on the side of the road had suddenly materialized in the back seat of their car, after which a beam of light had washed over them and the entire vehicle began to rise into the air. They would apparently fly up into a large UFO, and Peter was subsequently ushered off to what he called a “sickbay,” where he saw his wife and several other people in some sort of suspended animation. The aliens then gave him a medical examination and brought him to a hangar, where he saw his car parked between two flying saucers, with the hood up and four aliens tuning up the engine and fitting it with new tires. That was pretty nice of them! It would turn out that Peter’s wife would never be able to remember what had happened to her or why she had been in that frozen, dazed state aboard that ship.
This completely outlandish story was originally published in John Spencer’s book “World Atlas of UFOs,” and it is hard to know what to think of it all. There is very little that can be found to corroborate this oddball tale and much of it is so weird and orbited with questions that it is difficult to know where to even start. Why did they lose control of their car on that lonely road? What was that light that was following them? Even more pressing is what was that strange landscape they were in and why was the normally twisting road straight at that time? Why would these aliens want to abduct them, and more importantly why did they tune the car up, give it new tires, and presumably an oil change while they were at it? Who knows? Whatever you may think of this strange series of events, it is all certainly odd, and one can do worse than to find mysterious alien abductors willing to carry out auto maintenance and new tires.
It was around 11:00 p.m. on September 26, 1994, when a small, twin-tailed aircraft crash-landed onto the lengthy runway at Boscombe Down; it is situated in the English county of Wiltshire and only 6.2 miles from none other than Stonehenge. At around the time of the incident, a number of aviation enthusiasts were listening in on air-band radios and were aware that something untoward had taken place. The following day, several of those same enthusiasts drove to the installation – which is near to the A303 road and not at all far from the famous Stonehenge – and were apprehended by local police who had set up road-blocks to keep away prying eyes. Before being ushered away, however, a number of people succeeded in catching sight of a disabled aircraft. It was situated at the end of the runway and, aside from its twin-tail fins, was completely covered over by tarpaulins. Air Force Monthly magazine was soon on the trail of the truth. In the November 1994 issue of the magazine, investigative writers noted that in the wake of the crash both a Boeing 757 and a C-5 Galaxy arrived at Boscombe Down. The story continued that the secret plane was loaded aboard the Galaxy and flown to “Air Force plant 42 at Palmdale, California.” Air Force Monthly suggested that the aircraft “…was a TR-3A, the existence of which the U.S. Government has yet to officially acknowledge.” The subsonic, stealth TR-3A – also referred to as the Black Manta – remains an enigma, since its existence has never been officially confirmed. Now, let’s take a look at the connection between Stonehenge and the Men in Black.
Only hours after briefly seeing a cigar-shaped UFO hovering near Stonehenge, Wiltshire, England on December 25, 1985, Sandra Green – who was driving home, in the early hours, after a late night Christmas Eve party in the English city of Bath – had a bizarre dream. In it, three Men in Black warned Sandra to keep her nose out of UFOs. They were – as they usually are – cadaverous “slightly dead”-looking MIB. As for the warning, it was one of those “or else”-type threats that the MIB are so skilled at making. The dream was so graphic it led Sandra to believe that the MIB had the ability to literally get inside her dreams, manipulate those very same dreams, and issue a bone-chilling warning – one which she has still not forgotten. Sandra shared the story with me on the evening of September 9, 2014 – the facts of the affair still firmly fixed in her mind and her memory after close to thirty years. And, I have to say, it wasn’t just the facts that were fixed in Sandra’s mind: it was cold fear, too. Even across a transatlantic telephone call I could sense that all was not well. I messaged Sandra a few days later, in an effort to clarify a couple of things she mentioned to me. She did not reply. She still hasn’t. A sign of something? I hoped not.
Nick Redfern at legendary Stonehenge
Just twenty-four miles from Stonehenge is another enticing location filled with ancient, standing stones: the village of Avebury. It was at Avebury, one night in the early 1960s, that something very weird happened – and, for the person, terrifying. The witness to this particularly weird case was a middle-aged lady who had lived in the small village of Avebury, England all of her adult life and who was fascinated by archaeological history. She would often stroll among Avebury’s famous stones at night, marveling at their creation and musing upon their history. It was on the night in question that she had been out walking at around 10:30 p.m. when she was both startled and amazed to see a small ball of light, perhaps two-feet in diameter, gliding slowly through the stones – a definitive UFO. Transfixed and rooted to the spot, she watched as it closed in on her at a height of about twelve feet. The ball then stopped fifteen feet or so from her, and small amounts of what looked like liquid metal slowly and silently dripped from it to the ground. Then, in an instant, the ball exploded in a bright, white flash. For a moment she was blinded by its intensity and instinctively fell to her knees. When her eyes cleared, however, she was faced with a horrific sight. The ball of light had gone, but on the ground in front of her was what she could only describe as a monstrous, writhing worm. The woman did not wait to see what might have happened next.
One of the mystery-filled stones of Avebury, Wiltshire, England
(Nick Redfern)
Now, let’s leave the Earth behind and head off to Mars, so to speak. September 24, 2015, was the date when the United Kingdom’s Express newspaper splashed a feature titled: “Has Stonehenge been found on Mars? Ancient ‘alien’ stone circle discovered on Red Planet.” It’s hardly surprising the story caught the attention of many people. “Mr. Enigma,” the person who revealed the mystery at his YouTube channel, said that what could be seen in one of NASA’s very own photos was “…a perfectly circular platform with a strange cluster of stones emerging from it.” He added: “I know the formation is not an exact match, nor am I saying it is, indeed, a Stonehenge set up. I am just saying there is something strange about this area and it looks very much like the mysterious ancient stone circle of Stonehenge. Could the builders of Stonehenge have visited Mars and did they build the same thing there? Or did we have visitors who taught us how to build these things and do the same for long-lost beings on Mars as well? Or is this just another face on Mars illusion?”
The stone circle (pictured) was spotted on an apparently raised hummock in images of the Martian surface captured by the HiRise camera on board the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.