Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS NEARLY 13 YEARS AND 4 MONTH.
ON /30/09/2024 MORE THAN 2.230.520
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
08-01-2021
Earth’s Rotation is Speeding Up — Should We Be Worried?
Earth’s Rotation is Speeding Up — Should We Be Worried?
From the “Things we never knew we should worry about” file comes this story from the world of atomic clock keepers (good work if you can get it). At the end of 2020, the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service confirmed that there would be no leap second added to the world’s atomic clocks responsible for official and precise timekeeping. This is a decision made every six months because the Earth’s rotation is not steady, precise and unwavering. To compensate as we do every four years with the Leap Day, atomic clocks get adjusted by leap seconds. Leap seconds have been added 27 times since 1972. That would seem to be a sign the planet’s rotation is slowing down … except the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service announced that a leap second may be SUBTRACTED in 2021 because the rotation has suddenly sped up. Sure, we were in a hurry to get out of 2020, but that was just a figure of speech. If Earth really is spinning faster, should we be worried?
According to Timeanddate.com (“the world’s number one website on time”), the speed-up actually began last year — the shortest day in 2020 was July 19, when the planet completed one spin 1.4602 milliseconds faster than 86,400 seconds (the average length of a day). They’re predicting that the acceleration will continue and astronomical days in 2021 will clock in 0.05 milliseconds shorter than average, which adds up to a 19 millisecond lag in atomic time – enough to necessitate subtracting a second from the atomic clocks. This is more controversial in atomic time circles (Atomic Time Circles — a great name for a band) than adding leap seconds, but both can cause problems. The New York Post reports that an added leap second in 2012 caused server crashes across a number of internet sites, including Reddit, Yelp and LinkedIn, and disrupted those using Linux operating systems and Javascript software.
We feel their pain, but what about the rest of us? Are we going to spin off the face of the Earth?
Earthsky.org says Earth’s rotation can be affected by a variety of events, ranging from slight changes in the distribution of mass in the Earth’s molten outer core, to movement of large masses of ice near the poles, to the density and angular momentum variations in the Earth’s atmosphere, to global warming (you knew it was coming) melting massive amounts of glaciers and polar ice. Severe seismic phenomena like the 9.0 Fukushima earthquake in 2011 caused displacements of portions of the Earth’s crust that sped up Earth’s rotation, shortening the day by 1.6 millionth of a second. As you can see, it’s difficult to determine what exactly is speeding things up.
Could giant aliens be messing with Earth’s rotation?
The good news is, we’re not in any danger of spinning off the face of the Earth – although it wouldn’t hurt to cut back on the greasy foods and fix that oil leak on your old car. We should be more worried about the possible negative effects on technology that a negative second could cause. Then again, we should be worried about that in general, with bad actors threatening to disrupt the power grids, the Sun constantly hitting us with solar flares and squirrels continuing to nibble on power lines.
I found a few interesting things in a Mars photo today...all of which point to one obvious fact...that intelligent life did exist on Mars. I say did, because all of these artifacts are ancient...tens of thousands of years old.
I found some broken bones, all near each other which makes me know that they are part of the same creature and maybe even part of just one large leg bone. I found some entrances to homes under rocks areas. I also found a face...which looks human carved in the stone...just like the ancient Egyptians did in mountains and walls. The face is similar to that of the ancient Hebrew slaves which helped build the pyramids. This is an archeologists dream come true.
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Linda Moulton Howe on the Greys, Implants, and E.T Projections
Linda Moulton Howe on the Greys, Implants, and E.T Projections
COAST TO COAST AM INSIDER Archived Show - Alien abductee Jim Sparks shared more of his experiences with the Grays. Unlike many other abductees, he says he has 95% conscious recall of these events which occurred to him frequently over an 18-year period. The 4.5 – 5ft. tall Grays, as opposed to the shorter bio-robotic types involved in abductions, are able to think up to 100 times faster than humans, and exclusively communicate using telepathy, he said.
Though they appear to have no emotions, the Grays actually have “long-term” feelings rather than immediate reactions, and while they don’t have names, they radiate different types of energy that signal their rank, he detailed. Investigative reporter Linda Moulton Howe joined in for part of the conversation, and she and Sparks discussed his contention that the aliens can exist in other dimensions, and are able to project themselves into our reality in varying increments.
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Unknown Bright Lights over Michigan and Oregon
Unknown Bright Lights over Michigan and Oregon
On the same day, January 6, 2021, unknown bright lights have been recorded over White Lake Michigan and Bend, Oregon.
Unknown bright light over White Lake Michigan
Date:January 6, 2021
Witness was driving home when he saw a bright orange orb in the sky on which he pulled over over and took a video of the object. This evening was cloudy, and leafless trees gave the video a nice gauge to see how it was moving. According to the witness, it definitely was not an airplane, nor a drone. It pulsated, brightened, and eventually faded out of sight. Mufon.
Unknown bright light over Bend, Oregon
Date: January 6, 2021
The witness while driving noticed an object with lights in the sky that wasn’t moving and there were no lights blinking He started recorded at that time it started moving. It looked disc shaped and the way it was moving was very odd. Mufon.
Stingray with bizarre devil face on it's back found in Tonga
Stingray with bizarre devil face on it's back found in Tonga
Adiver was exploring the reef around the island in the remote waters of Tonga off the island of Vava'u when he came across a southern stingray eating something in the sand. But what he saw immediately caught his eye as it appeared that the stingray had a clear image of a devil or ghostly monster face on its back.
The diver was surprised at how clear and vivid the image was and he first wondered if it was simply the result of sand and dust stuck on the stingray's skin.
As the scuba diver approaches to record this strange creature, it turned and sway away to resume its hunting in another path of sand.
Although it is obviously not an evil creature, it does not take a lot of imagination to see this as a ghoulish devil face cruising over the ocean bottom.
Fast unidentified flying object over White Lake, Michigan 6-Jan-2021
Fast unidentified flying object over White Lake, Michigan 6-Jan-2021
This really fast unknown object was flying across the night sky above White Lake in Michigan. This happened on 6th January 2021.
Witness report:
I was driving home through the adjacent subdivisions a mile from my house, and I saw the bright orange orb in the sky going east to west. My wife, son and I have seen them before on very clear nights, so I pulled over right away used my iPhone 12 to take a video of it. A car did pass me in the middle of the video, but before and after the car passed, I heard nothing. This evening was cloudy, and leafless trees gave the video a nice gauge to see how it was moving. It definitely was not an airplane, nor a drone. It pulsated, brightened, and eventually faded out of sight.
UFO lights filmed from a car over Bend, Oregon 6-Jan-2021
UFO lights filmed from a car over Bend, Oregon 6-Jan-2021
This strange unidentified flying object was seen and recorded in the sky above Bend, a small city on the Deschutes River, in Oregon on 6th January 2021.
Witness report:
I was driving to get a coffee in the morning like I do nearly every morning. I noticed an object with lights in the air that wasn’t moving and I thought it was odd. As I continued to drive down the road it moved to the west but I noticed that there were no lights blinking. I started recorded at that time and it started moving north. When it went over top of where my car was it clearly had lights around it and had amber lights and it had no blinking lights. I couldn’t tell 100% but it looked disc shaped and the way it was moving was very odd. It was also flying extremely low.
Filer’s Files 1 2021 Pale Human Skin only 8000 Years Old - PART I
Porto Alegre , Brazil on December 21, 2020.
Filer’s Files 1 2021 Pale Human Skin only 8000 Years Old - PART I
Major George A. Filer III ret. USAF
New Jersey State Director
MUFON Eastern Region Director
In special reports, this week’s files cover: Best photo of 2020, Former CIA Director Strange Alien Life is Here, Pale Skin of Humans Only 8,000 Years Old, Great conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn captured in stunning photos, 2020 Elections: Voting Machines Expose Hacking Risks – Bloomberg, and Reduce Your Bodies Age with c-60.com
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over California, Florida, Louisiana, Maine, New Mexico, New York, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, and Texas
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Belgium, Brazil, Canada, France, Japan, Mexico, and England in the United Kingdom.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force investigated UFOs publicly for more than twenty years under Project Blue Book; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.
Happy New Year
The year 2020 was a good year for UFOs with a thousand sighting s reported each month.
Filer’s Files 44, Best Photo of Year
Cranach, Canada disk on October 23, 2020, a coworker had stopped to take a picture of the drilling rig he was working on, South of Coronach, Saskatchewan n at the Westmoreland Coal mine. After he took the picture, he looked at it to check the quality. He noticed the object in the upper right and a second to the left of the derrick. He had shown me the picture after we had a conversation about the possibility of extra terrestrial life.
Special Projects
Former CIA Director Strange Alien Life is Here
John O. Brennan, CIA Director
A rather intriguing bit of UFO news popped up this week that may give us yet another peek into what the government knows about the Unidentified Aerial Phenomena, or at least thinks it knows. John O. Brennan, CIA Director under President Obama, gave an interview to Tyler Cowen at Marginal Revolution. Part of their conversation turned to the subject of the UAP Task Force and possible explanations for what these UFOs are and where they might come from. Rather than clamming up or simply laughing it off, Brennan took the question seriously. While he clearly wasn’t about to make some Earth-shattering announcement, he did offer some speculation which at least seems to hint at the idea that the CIA has pondered the subject and they aren’t ruling anything out.
COWEN: At the end of all that sifting and interpreting, what do you think is the most likely hypothesis?
BRENNAN: [laughs] I don’t know. When people talk about it, is there other life besides what’s in the States, in the world, the globe? Life is defined in many different ways. I think it’s a bit presumptuous and arrogant for us to believe that there’s no other form of life anywhere in the entire universe. What that might be is subject to a lot of different views.
But I think some of the phenomena we’re going to be seeing continues to be unexplained and might, in fact, be some type of phenomenon that is the result of something that we don’t yet understand and that could involve some type of activity that some might say constitutes a different form of life.
You can read or listen to the interview at Medium and it’s probably worth your time if you’re interested in this subject. They cover a lot more material than just UFOs, but the way Brennan answered the UAP question is of particular interest to me. Just from the transcript above, you can see that he begins the answer with a laugh, but it sounds more like a nervous laugh than any sort of mocking tone. He doesn’t sound entirely comfortable and goes on to string together a very large number of words that seem to dance around the question before delivering the final shot.
Pale Skin of Humans Only 8,000 Years Old
European Skin Turned Pale Only 8,000 years ago considered recently, Gene Suggests Ann Gibbons . Most of us think of Europe as the ancestral home of white people. But a new study shows that as well as other traits such as tallness and the ability to digest milk as adults, arrived in most of the continent relatively recently. The work, presented here last week at the 84th annual meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists, offers dramatic evidence of recent evolution in Europe and shows that most modern Europeans don’t look much like those of 8000 years ago.
The origins of Europeans have come into sharp focus in the past year as researchers have sequenced the genomes of ancient populations, rather than only a few individuals. By comparing key parts of the DNA across the genomes of 83 ancient individuals from archaeological sites throughout Europe, the international team of researchers reported earlier this year that Europeans today are a mix of the blending of at least three ancient populations of hunter-gatherers and farmers who moved into Europe in separate migrations over the past 8000 years. The study revealed that a massive migration of Yamnaya herders from the steppes north of the Black Sea may have brought Indo-European languages to Europe about 4500 years ago.
Now, a new study from the same team drills down further into that remarkable data to search for genes that were under strong natural selection—including traits so favorable that they spread rapidly throughout Europe in the past 8000 years. By comparing the ancient European genomes with those of recent ones from the 1000 Genomes Project, population geneticist Iain Mathieson, a post-doc in the Harvard University lab of population geneticist David Reich, found five genes associated with changes in diet and skin pigmentation that underwent strong natural selection.
First, the scientists confirmed an earlier report that the hunter-gatherers in Europe could not digest the sugars in milk 8000 years ago, according to a poster. They also noted an interesting twist: The first farmers also couldn’t digest milk. The farmers who came from the Near East about 7800 years ago and the Yamnaya pastoralists who came from the steppes 4800 years ago lacked the version of the LCT gene that allows adults to digest sugars in milk. It wasn’t until about 4300 years ago that lactose tolerance swept through Europe.
When it comes to skin color, the team found a patchwork of evolution in different places, and three separate genes that produce light skin, telling a complex story for how European’s skin evolved to be much lighter during the past 8000 years. The modern humans who came out of Africa to originally settle Europe about 40,000 years are presumed to have had dark skin, which is advantageous in sunny latitudes. And the new data confirm that about 8500 years ago, early hunter-gatherers in Spain, Luxembourg, and Hungary also had darker skin: They lacked versions of two genes—SLC24A5 and SLC45A2—that lead to depigmentation and, therefore, pale skin in Europeans today.
But in the far north—where low light levels would favor pale skin—the team found a different picture in hunter-gatherers: Seven people from the 7700-year-old Motala archaeological site in southern Sweden had both light skin gene variants, SLC24A5 and SLC45A2. …..Eskimos who live in Alaska further north did not lighten their skin suggesting something else lightened their skin.
Editor’s Note”:Dead Sea Scrolls Speak of Ancient Astronauts, Science Catches Up to Bible Explanation of Our Alien Genes, Sumerian clay tablets claim life and humans created and brought to Earth.
Dead Sea Scrolls Speak of Ancient Astronauts
The Dead Sea Scrolls found in a cave near Jerusalem revealed the Earth was visited with extra-terrestrial visitors. Most religions of the world agree in the concept of Sons of Light and Sons of Darkness, good angels and evil ones, good aliens and bad. My research has indicated there are various groups of aliens with different intentions, their motivations may be very different and they often appear to be fighting one another. “The Zadokite Document,” discovered fifty years ago in an old synagogue in Cairo, confirms Genesis and mentions the landing of Spacemen, their giant offspring and immorality. “Because they walked in the stubbornness of their hearts, the Watchers of heaven fell, yea; they were caught thereby because they kept not the Commandments of God. So too their Sons whose height was like the lofty cedars and whose bodies were as mountains.
They also fell.” The Scriptures of the Dead Sea by Theodore H. Gaster.
Their visits have often been interpreted in religious terms, but the data is essentially truthful and often the best we have. Biologists search for protoplasm in ancient primordial soup. Archaeologists seek man’s origin in the mud. I search with shining eyes for our home in the stars.
Science Catches Up to Bible Explanation of Our Alien Genes
In whose image was the Adam – the prototype of modern humans, Homo sapiens – created? Genesis 1:26 (KJV). 26 And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that crept upon the earth.
Scientific teams have been deciphering the human genome that contains not the anticipated 100,000 – 140,000 genes (the stretches of DNA that direct the production of amino-acids and proteins) but only some 30,000+ — little more than double the 13,601 genes of a fruit fly and barely fifty percent more than the roundworm’s 19,098.
It is humbling to find our DNA is not that complicated at least when compared to other life forms Moreover, there is hardly any uniqueness to the human genes. They are comparative to 99 percent of the chimpanzees, and 70 percent of the mouse. Human genes, with the same functions, were found to be identical to genes of other vertebrates, as well as invertebrates, plants, fungi, even yeast.
It’s logical to assume some of our DNA cane from the Nordics or Clarions world that look just like Earthman except they are taller, have white skin, many have blue or green eyes and blonde hair. Some organisms are more complex, genetically, than simpler ones, adopting at each stage the genes of a lower life form to create a more complex higher life form – culminating with Homo sapiens. A designer or creator appears to have taken the simple DNA, and added more complex DNA forming each life form.
Francis Crick, the discoverer of DNA, although an atheist, published a book which subscribed to the theory of intelligent design, that our universe was not simply the result of a series of chemical accidents. He states, “Life did not evolve first on Earth, a highly advanced civilization became threatened so they devised a way to pass on their existence.They genetically-modified their DNA and sent it out from their planet on bacteria or meteorites with the hope that it would collide with another planet. It did, and that’s why we’re here.”
Our DNA was encoded with messages from that other civilization. They programmed the molecules so that when we reached a certain level of intelligence, we would be able to access their information, and they could therefore “teach” us about ourselves, and how to progress.
Sumerian clay tablets claim life and humans created and brought to Earth.
Planets Around the Sum Depicted on Wall Several Thousand Years Ago
Science claims we changed gradually during the evolutionary tree from bacteria to invertebrates (such as the lineages of yeast, worms, or flies – which have been deciphered) to vertebrates (mice, chimpanzees) and finally modern human. However 223 genes are completely missing in the invertebrate phase and chimpanzees still seem the same. Frankly they have no proof of how evolution suddenly changed dark skin to light, blue eyes, blonde hair, and the ability to drink milk all within a few years.
The logical explanation is alien interbreeding. The biggest detraction to this statement are the long distances to other planets or stars. I suggest we look up and see the thousand sightings of UFOs each month not from this earth proving our alien friends can make the trip in their space ships or by time travel
I suggest this insertion of genes was accomplished by design, a creator, the Elohim, or extra-terrestrials.
NASA has plans now under way to change Mars and make it habitable. A God or an advanced civilization likely had a hand in doing that for Earth
An immense difference now, at first glance it would seem that 223 genes is no big deal. In fact, while every single gene makes a great difference to every individual, 223 genes make an immense difference to a species such as ours. The human genome is made up of about three billion nucleotides (the “letters” A-C-G-T which stand for the initials of the four nucleic acids that spell out all life on Earth); of them, just a little more than one percent are grouped into functioning genes (each gene consists of thousands of “letters”). The difference between one individual person and other amounts to about one “letter” in a thousand in the DNA “alphabet.” The difference between Man and Chimpanzee is less than one percent as genes go; and one percent of 30,000 genes are 300. So, 223 genes are more than two thirds of the difference between me, you and a chimpanzee!
An analysis of the functions of these genes through the proteins that they spell out, conducted by the Public Consortium team and published in the journal Nature, shows that they include not only proteins involved in important physiological but also psychiatric functions.
Genesis 6 New American Standard Bible (NASB) the Corruption of Mankind. 6 Now it came about, when men began to multiply on the face of the land, and daughters were born to them, 2 that the sons of God saw that the daughters of men were [] beautiful; and they took wives for themselves, whomever they chose. The sons of God refer to men from space or heaven.
The excellent book “In the Footsteps of Eve the Mystery of Human Origins” Lee. R. Berger believes most early Homo sapiens developed around Johannesburg, South Africa, interestingly near the best gold mines on Earth. Ancient Sumerian records claim Mars or another planet needed gold flakes to save its atmosphere and needed workers in the mines.
We can make the assumption that modern man is related to the space visitors who brought wisdom from their civilizations and taught us to read and write and build cities. With an estimated thirty billion earths in our galaxy alone it is reasonable to assume that the Earth has been visited by extra-terrestrial visitors as our ancient texts such as the Bible, Mahabharata, Koran, Torah, and Sumerian and Akkadian clay tablets claim. Thanks to the journal Nature.
The recent origin of delta-CCR5 in man suggests a “breeding mutation” rather than natural selection, as a possible mechanism of appearance. Thus, one must delete both CCR5 genes at once to achieve a viral-resistant phenotype, which makes a spontaneous origin hard to believe. Could such a double deletion have been induced by germline genetic engineering, as a way of making a whole alien species viral resistant? Alternatively, if delta CCR5 arose on Earth only recently by random mutation, why did this valuable phenotype not show itself first in apes, or in primitive countries such as India or China where smallpox is rife? How could resistance to HIV have been achieved by natural selection 5000 years ago, if HIV came into man only recently in1955? Today we see delta-CCR5 almost exclusively among people of northeast European descent, as well as Ashkenazi Jews (Martinson, J. et al., Nature Genetics 16, 100-103, 1997.
The origin of that mutation dates to 5000 years ago, and it is associated with a blond, blue-eyed racial type. Could such a mutation have been introduced into local humans, by cross-breeding with some blond alien species in ancient Ireland or Scandinavia?
The game of checkers was first seen in Sumer, and was played by the people around 2500 BC. Sumerian Aliens Role on Humanity. According to the Sumerian Aliens theory, extra-terrestrial beings inhabited this earth long before man. It is believed that these beings ran out of resources on their own planet, and traveled to earth to mine its resources (gold in particular) to bring back to their home planet.
The Anunnaki Connection: Sumerian Gods, Alien DNA, and the Fate of Humanity [Heather Lynn PhD] on Amazon.com.
Over 6,000 years ago, the world’s first civilization, the Sumerians, were recording stories of strange celestial gods who they believed came from the heavens to create mankind. These gods, known as the Anunnaki, are often neglected by mainstream historians. The Sumerians themselves are so puzzling; scholars have described their origin as “The Sumerian Problem.”
With so little taught about the ancient Sumerians in our history books, alternative theories have emerged. This has led many to wonder, about the true story behind the Sumerians and their otherworldly gods, the Anunnaki. Lynn traces the evolution of these Mesopotamian gods throughout the Ancient Near East, analyzing the religion, myth, art, and symbolism of the Sumerians, investigating:
Some 8000 years ago there were only hunter-gathers and cavemen on Earth. Something happened and a civilization was developed in what is Iraq today.
The Sumerians in their writings claim the Anunnaki the sons of god taught them to write.
I spent some time with archeologist Zechariah Sitchin who translated many of Sumerian writings and told me much of Genesis in the Bible is based on the Sumerian documents.
The Sumerians The Message as Above, So Below
The Sumerian civilization, left clay tablets with their writing describing space visitors who taught the alphabet, writing and mathematics.
The Sumerian language is well-understood, and for many years archaeologists have studied the “myths” told about the Sumerian “gods” in stories such as the Epic of Gilgamesh.
Sitchin realized that eleven of the “gods” described in the Sumerian records were actually the heavenly bodies of our solar system (the planets plus the sun and moons). Sitchin further realized that the Sumerians had knowledge of the outer planets that, by all rights, they shouldn’t have had. Sitchin proved this to the world by submitting to NASA detailed descriptions of the outer planets (as found in the Sumerian records) BEFORE the NASA space probes reached these planets. Images sent back by the probes confirmed that the ancient Sumerians indeed knew what these planets looked like.
They also had a third gene, HERC2/OCA2, which causes blue eyes and may also contribute to light skin and blond hair. Thus ancient hunter-gatherers of the far north were already pale and blue-eyed, but those of central and southern Europe had darker skin.
Then, the first farmers from the Near East arrived in Europe; they carried both genes for light skin. As they interbred with the indigenous hunter-gatherers, one of their light-skin genes swept through Europe, so that central and southern Europeans also began to have lighter skin. The other gene variant, SLC45A2, was at low levels until about 5800 years ago when it swept up to high frequency.
The team also tracked complex traits, such as height, which are the result of the interaction of many genes. They found that selection strongly favored several gene variants for tallness in northern and central Europeans, starting 8000 years ago, with a boost coming from the Yamnaya migration, starting 4800 years ago.
The Yamnaya have the greatest genetic potential for being tall of any of the populations, which is consistent with measurements of their ancient skeletons. In contrast, selection favored shorter people in Italy and Spain starting 8000 years ago, according to the paper now posted on the bioRxiv preprint server. Spaniards, in particular, shrank in stature 6000 years ago, perhaps as a result of adapting to colder temperatures and a poor diet.
Surprisingly, the team found no immune genes under intense selection, which is counter to hypotheses that diseases would have increased after the development of agriculture.
The paper doesn’t specify why these genes might have been under such strong selection. But the likely explanation for the pigmentation genes is to maximize vitamin D synthesis, said paleoanthropologist Nina Jablonski of Pennsylvania State University as she looked at the poster’s results at the meeting. People living in northern latitudes often don’t get enough UV to synthesize vitamin D in their skin so natural selection has favored two genetic solutions to that problem—evolving pale skin that absorbs UV more efficiently or favoring lactose tolerance to be able to digest the sugars and vitamin D naturally found in milk. “What we thought was a fairly simple picture of the emergence of depigmented skin in Europe is an exciting patchwork of selection as populations disperse into northern latitudes,” Jablonski says. “This data is fun because it shows how much recent evolution has taken place.”
Anthropological geneticist George Perry, also of Penn State, notes that the work reveals how an individual’s genetic potential is shaped by their diet and adaptation to their habitat. “We’re getting a much more detailed picture now of how selection works.”
Note: The scientists fail to understand we have frequent visitors from other planets hat I have seen and spoken with. Numerous high ranking government authorities have told us they are here. Millions of dark skinned people have lived in Northern Europe and North America for centuries but their skin ha not become liter nor have their eyes turned blue unless they mated with people with those lighter traits.
Great conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn captured in stunning photos
Jupiter and Saturn, our solar system’s two largest planets, were visibly closer together on Monday night than they have been in 800 years — marking an extremely rare celestial event known as the “great conjunction.”
The conjunction occurs when the orbits of the two planets align every 20 years, but the event is not always visible, and the planets do not Getty Images typically come as close together as they did on December 21.
This time around, Jupiter and Saturn were just 0.1 degrees apart — less than the diameter of a full moon.
The planets were so close; they appeared, from some perspectives, to overlap completely, creating a rare “double planet” effect. However, while the planets appeared from Earth to be very, very close, in reality, they are still hundreds of millions of miles apart.
The event happened to coincide with the winter solstice and the week of Christmas, but it can occur during any time of year.
If you missed the spectacle, or if your sky appeared cloudy Monday night, don’t worry — the planets will still appear extremely close together in the Southwest night sky for the next several weeks
Trump Allies Eye Long-Shot Election Reversal in Congress, Testing Pence
The New York Times reports some House Republicans plan to try to use Congress’s tallying of electoral results on Jan. 6 to tip the election to President Trump. President Trump lost key swing states and his barrage of lawsuits claiming widespread voting fraud has been almost universally dismissed by judges, most recently by the Supreme Court. The Electoral College formally cast a majority of its votes for President-elect Joseph R. Biden Jr.
But as the president continues to refuse to concede, a small group of his most loyal backers in Congress is plotting a final-stage challenge on the floor of the House of Representatives in early January to try to reverse Mr. Biden’s victory. he president has every right to look into allegations and to request recounts under the law,” Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell said after news organizations declared Biden the 2020 winner.)
Constitutional scholars and even members of the president’s own party say the effort is all but certain to fail. But the looming battle on January6 is likely to culminate in a messy and deeply divisive spectacle that could thrust Vice President Mike Pence into the excruciating position of having to declare once and for all that Mr. Trump has indeed lost the election. According to the Constitution the Congress and Vice President Pence has the final vote.
Director of National Intelligence John Ratcliffe announced at a hastily arranged news conference on Wednesday that Iran and Russia were interfering in the election and both countries had obtained some voter registration information, though Ratcliffe did not specify what information they had and whether it was publicly available.
In addition, Iranian-based hackers appear intent on influencing and disrupting the election, US officials said. The Treasury Department responded by issuing sanctions against five Iranian entities “for attempting to influence elections in the United
States,” including the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.
Whoever actually carried out hacking of government computers also likely hacked the voting machines· It turns out that the threat was thousands of fraudulent mail-in voting ballots but the hacking of voting machines and vote counting machines was even worse.. Chinese hackers could have chosen to hack the Russians to make it appear they were not the hackers. It turns out most of the voting machines were easy to hack because they were designed to do so by the Argentina developers. Sophisticated Government computers have been hacked for at least since May and the atomic and energy system could be shut down when they choose.
Do not be naive the US has been under attack by Iran a, Russia, and Chin spies living with Congressmen, massive-cyber-attack theft of technological and military secrets, weather control including thousands of fires, trade agreements and biological warfare killing 300,000 Americans. Remember China claimed to be virus free last June. www.cnbc.com/2020/12/18/massive-cyber-attack…
Strange Craft
True Story of Major George Filer an Air Force Intelligence Officer
Filer belongs to the generation of pilots and airmen who first became aware of the strange aircraft showing up in the Earth’s These men – military professionals began to whisper amongst themselves about encounters with suspected extraterrestrial aircraft.
Award-winning investigative reporter John Guerra spent four years interviewing Filer, a decorated intelligence
Filer’s most memorable case – the shooting of an alien at Fort Dix Army Base/ McGuire AFB in 1978 – is fully UFO information, for the first time, after decades of denying what its intelligence officers, pilots, and air traffic control personnel know to be true, the military finally admitted to what Filer describes in this incredible book. By John L. Guerra (Author) click on this link: https://amzn.to/2SmCKMy
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Filer’s Files 1 2021 Pale Human Skin only 8000 Years Old - PART II
Porto Alegre , Brazil on December 21, 2020.
Filer’s Files 1 2021 Pale Human Skin only 8000 Years Old - PART II
Major George A. Filer III ret. USAF
New Jersey State Director
MUFON Eastern Region Director
UFO Sightings in the United States
Sightings are from MUFON CMS
California Object
Modesto – On August 14, 2020, photo was taken of a strange pattern of lights. The witness did not elaborate on what was seen. It is assumed that something unusual was seen and a photo was taken versus just discovering something unusual in the background of a photo.
Imperial –– About 7:30, on October 5 2020, a friend of mine to look up in the sky behind my house. I saw of 7-8 mildly blinking lights, next to each other, evenly spaced apart, in a curved shape right above our back yard. I ran inside to get my mother and ran back outside, lights where farther away. And there was another set of 4-5 lights in similar formation, same color blinking lights. After about 5 minutes, the second set of lights disappeared. Got on my motorcycle and started driving towards their direction, and I decided to snap a picture. Instead I recorded a short video and then I took a picture. I drove towards the lights general direction and the lights seemed to stay hovering around a stationary elevation.
Florida Lights
Plededa – On January 7, 2020, a bright light stopped and then sped away fast. Note: The photo shows a strange shaped object yellow-orange in color. The object appears to be teardrop shaped. Thanks to Will Pucket/www.ufosnw.com/newsite/
Archer – On December 18, 2020, taking pictures of sunset some objects caught my eye. Not sure what they are but definitely not air planes. They were flying information the two on the bottom cross each other going in opposite directions.
Louisiana Triangle
Slidell – On December 21, 2020, my girlfriend and I was in the park looking for shooting stars from the Uri’s Meteor shower. From the Southwest a triangle shaped craft crossed directly over our heads traveling at a very high rate of speed making no sound and flew Northeast until out of sight. It was dark with 3 dim white lights traveling at an estimated 20,000 mph, at a height of 10,000 feet for 3 seconds.
Maine Lights
Island Appledore– On December 11, 2020, I checked my favorite cam located 7 miles off the New Hampshire and Maine coast on the Island of Appledore located in the Isles of Shoals. I forgot it was dark there even though only 2 in the afternoon. It pulsated, changed colors, and then turned into another shape. I changed the contrast of the screen shot.
Note: It looks to me like the stream camera zoomed in on something bright in the sky. (It could have been a celestial object or aircraft.) The apparent diamond shape is probably due to cropping of the object by the aperture which results in a diamond shape. Thanks to Will Pucket/www.ufosnw.com/newsite/
New Mexico Light
Albuquerque — I enjoy chasing storms to photograph lightning. On July 23, 2016, I was taking pictures looking south over the 4-Hills residential neighborhood near the east end of Kirtland Air Force Base. I did have an acquaintance with me although I was the only one taking pictures. Neither one of us ever saw the object visible in the photos. The total elapsed time is 20 minutes.
New York Lights
Long Island Expressway — On December 25, 2020, heading east my husband said look the UFO. I looked up and there it was. I was shaking and the video is hard to tell it was foggy and we couldn’t pull over, but I have never seen anything so enormous and clear in my life. It was so large, and it had a circular dome on top, another on the bottom, and the whole middle was made up of a circular flat disc. It looked exactly like a UFO in the movies. There were lights around the disc, a bright light on top of the upper dome, and a red light on the bottom of the lower dome that seemed to explode and brighten periodically which may have been related to twice a strong fat light beam came through from the bottom then sucked right back up. The red light almost was explosive, not a regular blinking light & the beam almost looked like the whole bottom was just opening up. I am now a believer because of what I saw.
Pennsylvania Triangle
Chitre – On December 18, 2020, hen reviewing a photo that I took inside my car, of the project of the new public market of Chitré. I observed something strange in the photo, I took two photos with a few seconds of difference, in one a UFO appears in the image and how it was inside the car It can’t be the reflection of the sun on my cell phone.
Tennessee Triangle
Cordova– May 15, 2019, between 9pm and 10 pm, I was sitting out on my apartment balcony on the second floor. My balcony faces north. I was relaxing after working out. I looked up on the sky because it was a calm night. Then I started to focus on it more a realized it was not a bird. It was a V shaped object moving from NE to SW right over my apartment complex, maybe between 500 to 1000 feet above me. I have seen a B2 stealth bomber. This was around that size but made no noise at all. This V shaped object made no noise and was moving slow because it took it a minute to pass out of my view. It had one globe light at the front and two globe lights under each wing. 5 in all and they were barely lit at all. I saw exactly what is in picture I have attached
Texas Orb
Lamb – On December 20, 2020, my husband and son were outside trying to make a skit video for our children’s YouTube channel. The skit; the skit was going to be about an alien invasion. My husband did not notice the flying object until he put the video on our computer you can hear my husband and son pretending to see “aliens” little did they now it seems like the non-reality became a reality.
I am freaked out as I have never seen anything like this before. I am scared and will never “pretend play” with aliens again.
Worldwide UFO Sightings
Belgium Light
Possible observation, well the sun was very bright on Monday in December more than usual so I started taking pictures of the sun, to see if there was anything unusual about the sun and then I saw the flying object in the picture that doesn’t really look like an airplane! I have also attached a photo of a second sun or planet, next to the sun
Brazil Object
Porto Alegre – On December 21, 2020, I made a full HD video with my Canon 550D camera equipped with an 18-55 lens. The lens was set in 25 mm focused in infinite. In the movie, I can see an object at high speed traveling a field of vision equal to 50 degrees in 0.4 seconds.
Canada Lights
Burlington, Ontario – On December 13, 2020, I looked up the morning sky and there were four green lights in a square shape. It could be nothing, but is worth reporting.
Note: The green square in the photo could be a reflection from ground lights. However, if the witness actually saw the square, this explanation would not suffice. This question was posed to the witness, but no response has been received. Thanks to Will Pucket/www.ufosnw.com/newsite/
France Lights
Le Bourg-Dun– December 29, 2016, .I observed some strange lights last night during a Nightscape session in this area. I decided to go back with my big telephoto lens (Nikko AF-S 600mm F4 G ED VR).There was a beautiful starry winter sky, at 9.40 pm … a strong bluish halo appeared flying coming towards the land. It was like a blue – green plasma bubble! This “thing” flew over the valley and came right in my axis! This machine was in a plasma bubble!!!I was paralyzed with fear! Then, it passed about 300 meters from me and he evolved above the treetops!! What I saw were four rectangles in the middle and 2 on the right and inside I could see electric arcs! 3 centimeters in relation to the rectangles and 4 centimeters below them, there was a “bell”
Japan Lights
August 20, 2018, I was in a flight home from Japan, we were a few hours into the flight to Chicago O’Hare airport. Pretty much everybody was asleep except me, watching a move with window open. The flight attendant was looking at every window, almost jogging to the back of the plane, saw my window open and sternly said, “Close the Window!”
I closed my window. About 5-10 minutes passed and my curiosity forced me to open the window and the sky, was lit up by these glowing spheres of light. They were bright red, blue, green, and yellow, suspended above, below and in the clouds spread out over miles. We were passing the last of the group of lights and I was able to get a picture. The camera made the picture really dark, but the lights were very bright and intense. It’s like they were huge Christmas lights just hung in the clouds.
Mexico Lights
Tijuana— On December 11, 2020, this is a video of a possible UFO. If there is any way you can zoom in with profession equipment and make it not look blurry. I am pretty sure it is strange.
Note:The video first shows two widely spaced lights. Later one of the lights splits into multiple lights and changes shape. The photographer may have zoomed into the object when the multiple lights began appearing. The video has been edited and enlarged. The sound is included in the video. The witnesses are speaking Spanish, but clearly they are excited by what they saw. Thanks to Will Pucket/www.ufosnw.com/newsite/
UK/England Light
Lowestoft– On December 19, 2020, I was cycling then saw what looked kind of like star in the sky, and then I noticed it was moving so I jumped of my bike and took a quick video of it. It was floating then would flash orange then move direction. I showed my father the video of the UFO, and looked up at the sky and noticed another one was moving around. My dad said it looks like its waiting for a friend about 10 minutes later of watching another appeared and they both flew towards each other missing by what looked like a few feet before one flew off and the first one stayed and then disappeared an hour later
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I have put together a DVD of the last twenty years of Filer’s Files for you with hundreds of great photographs and UFO sightings that will explain the phenomena and the importance to your life and your family. Additionally, I have included my book within the DVD that includes George Ritter’s exciting abduction story told by Linda Moulton Howe. Broadcaster David E. Twichell joined me to write the book. We are asking for a donation of only $50 that includes next year’s subscription and our book. Please include your e-mail address and mailing address.
Our research is uncovering amazing truths by solving challenging projects deemed too difficult by other firms. We have had some success in finding missing persons. We could use your help in getting more results from our research. I have put together a DVD of the last seventeen years of Filer’s Files for you with hundreds of great photographs and UFO sightings. Additionally, I have decided to include my book within the DVD that includes George Ritter’s exciting abduction story told by Linda Moulton Howe. Broadcaster David E. Twichell joined me to write the book. We are asking for a donation of only $50 that includes next year’s subscription and our book. Please include your e-mail address and mailing address.
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Filer’s Files is copyrighted 2015 by George A. Filer, all rights reserved. Readers may post the COMPLETE files on their Web Sites if they credit the newsletter and its editor by name, and list the date of issue. These reports and comments are not necessarily the OFFICIAL MUFON viewpoint. Send your letters to Majorstar Sending mail automatically grants permission for us to publish and use your name. Please state if you wish to keep your name or e-mail confidential. CAUTION MOST OF THESE ARE INITIAL REPORTS AND REQUIRE FURTHER INVESTIGATION. If you wish to stop receiving these files, please send a message to Majorstar
Filer’s Files salutes our fighting men and women; God Bless Our Troops, and Georgie, Elizabeth, and Victoria Filer, and Eddie Pedrick. May the Angels be your guide and take you to paradise.
Put another way, a young person in the U.S. is nearly 11 times as likely to die in a swimming pool than in a school shooting. Few public officials would say pools are doing a poor job protecting swimmers, but the statistics suggest that we need “more lifeguards at pools, as opposed to guards at schools,” Fox said
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force investigated UFOs publicly for more than twenty years under Project Blue Book; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
CAUTION MOST OF THESE ARE INITIAL REPORTS AND REQUIRE FURTHER INVESTIGATION. If you wish to stop receiving these files, please send a message to Majorstar@verizon.net.
Filer’s Files salutes our fighting men and women Georgie Filer and Eddie Pedrick my grandsons who both drowned. We pray that God will bless those who read these files spiritually.
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Brazil’s Roswell – Varginha’s UFO Legend Still Baffles Researchers
Brazil’s Roswell – Varginha’s UFO Legend Still Baffles Researchers
It’s often described as Brazil’s Roswell. Varginha is a municipality nestled in the south east corner of Brazil. It’s about a six hour drive to Rio De Janeiro.
On January 20th 1996, Varginha was suddenly gripped in a ufo frenzy. Similar to Roswell, a craft allegedly crashed near Varginhaand two beings reportedly survived.
But it’s the interpretation of what happened that baffles many well known ufo researchers who have studied this case.
Reports of one of the beings being taken to hospital and treated is now part of Varginha ufo folklore.
Sightings prior to and after the crash of alien beings adds further spice to the story. And the death of a soldier a week after touching one of the beings makes this story one of the most amazing ever recorded.
But is it all true? Did it really happen?
Brazil’s Roswell Had Everything
Varginha is often referred to as Brazil’s Roswell. In some respects, it is more fantastic than Roswell.
But many leading researchers still doubt it really happened as reported. The media hype that followed may have done nothing but “muddy the waters”.
The government denied being involved in the capture of extraterrestrials following the crash.
Unlike Roswell, Varginha was in better shape to receive a lot of exposure just for the reason it was 1996. That’s almost fifty years after the Roswell crash.
Some of the stories to surface following the crash included that of three women who claimed to have “seen the devil”.
Liliane and Valquíria Fátima Silva and Kátia Andrade Xavier say they saw a creature about five feet in height with a large head and a thin body on the afternoon of January 20th, 1996.
They say the creature had v-shaped feet, red eyes and seemed wobbly on its legs. A strong smell accompanied it.
The official result of the inquiry read that what the women saw was a “homeless, mentally unstable man” (so much for political correctness). Following this sighting, some mysterious events plagued the area for several months.
UFO sightings, an alien body recovered on the side of a road, sightings at a local zoo, and the unexplained death of three of the zoo’s animals.
But again, lack of evidence didn’t help confirm anything that took place.
Conspiracy theorists claim this was just a publicity stunt to “put Varginha on the map”. Tourism certainly picked up following the ufo incident much like Roswell.
The evidence that aliens and Varginha go hand-in-hand are hard to miss in many parts of the city.
Death Of A Soldier By Alien Touch
The death of a soldier a week after allegedly touching one of the alien beings sets this story apart from others.
The man was part of the Brazilian army secret service division and suffered from bouts of fever, nausea and severe dizziness in the days after touching one of the beings.
He wore no protection and his family according to ace Brazilian ufo researcher Thiago Luiz Ticchetti, have only recently found out the reasons for his death.
Burnt by a toxic substance still unknown, he allegedly suffered some type of radiation poisoning.
Ticchetti, in an interview with Aliens Revealed Live said the man developed an infection which he described as strange.
Ticchetti says he and his team of researchers have testimonies from two military personnel who were part of the retrieval of the two alien beings.
But he says they are too afraid to go public and say anything.
“Yes, I had never heard of a case before where a person touches an alien being, gets sick due to some kind of infection and dies”.
“We had another case in 1946 where a man was hit by a light from a UFO”.
“The light hit him in the arm and he started to get sick with his flesh literally starting to melt off his bones”.
But there are still strong signs of a cover up regarding the Varginha ufo event.
When I asked Ticchetti if the event attracted stories of the dreaded men in black he responded:
“No, never happened here”.
Brazil’s Roswell Probably Remains A Mystery
Much like Roswell, Varginha will probably remain the stuff of legends and conspiracies.
How many reports, books, documentaries or television shows have been dedicated to Roswell?
Too many to list here. The truth is, we probably will never know until full disclosure happens.
The same will apply to the Varginha ufo mystery. It happened twenty five years ago and the case is still not closed.
The following is an excerpt from my interview with Ticchetti about Brazil’s Roswell.
UFO Report In 180 Days – 29 Experts Weigh In On UFO Disclosure
UFO Report In 180 Days – 29 Experts Weigh In On UFO Disclosure
I must admit, when I first heard that a ufo report had been commissioned in six months by Congress as part of the recent emergency relief bill I felt little excitement.
As part of the almost 6000 page Covid-19 emergency relief bill, U.S. intel agencies are required to provide an unclassified report on ufos within 180 days.
That report is heading for the Senate intelligence committee.
It also must include what the report cites as any incidents or patterns that could indicate that U.S. airspace has been breached by possible adversaries who could put the U.S. at risk.
I felt little excitement. Deep down, I have the feeling not much will come of this.
The good news is, the whole world will be watching.
But whatever information is collected and presented, it’s likely that much of it is still going to be classified. That’s despite the ufo report to the Senate intelligence committee being described as unclassified.
I would have felt more excited if the gathering of information was done by an independent group. One not connected to the government but with the government’s blessing.
But of course that is fanciful thinking. It would never happen in a million years given this country’s power brokers lust for information control.
The ufo report basically has been ordered following the declassifying of three videos and information on encounters by the navy with UFOs.
I applaud the effort to commission the report of ufo activity but again, my excitement levels haven’t wavered at all. I would love to be proven wrong on this but I won’t be holding my breath for any startling revelations from within the government.
UFO Report – What Would A Post Disclosure World Look Like?
Last year, Aliens Revealed Live presented a three day online summit featuring up to thirty speakers on all things ufos and the paranormal.
One of the questions I asked each expert was “what would the world look like post disclosure?”. The responses were wide and varied which was the aim of the exercise.
One of the great things about being human is we are not built to be clones. We’ve been given free will. We all see things differently. We all have different opinions on things.
Some express them more loudly than others.
And we have been given the ability to question. Yes, question everything. Trouble is, most of us don’t. Despite having our own opinions and thoughts, somehow we still let the powerful few lead us and it’s not usually to a good place.
Anyway, I got a little sidetracked.
Disclosure 2021?
The responses were fascinating. From researcher Grant Cameron who said ”Kit Green now famously tied into To The Stars – he said it 12 years ago – Uncle Sam and the intelligence committee are clueless and there are intelligence people playing bad games. My conclusion is yes, they’re leading us. And I think disclosure may have actually happened”.
Contact experiencer Rebecca Renfro Bourneman who said “It’s happening already. And it has been the beautiful work of Hollywood. Even if you don’t like Hollywood, the work they are doing is good; the bad part is, the majority of the films are looking like we have to fight the aliens”.
Ace researcher and author Peter Robbins said “unlike many other governments at this point, people waiting for them to come clean, shouldn’t be holding their breath”.
Nick Redfern who’s written about forty books on all things ufo-related said “my view for people in the disclosure field is, either put up what you’ve got or shut up until you’ve got something one hundred percent solid to share with us”.
Cofounder of the Edgar Mitchell Foundation for Research on Extraterrestrial and Extraordinary Experience Rey Hernandez said “There is no pending disclosure. Disclosure is happening right now”.
Linda Moulton Howe said “I think that what we as the human family deserve is to get some honesty about the fact that we’re not alone in this universe. That other intelligences have been coming and going on this planet and basing themselves here when they wanted to”.
And Paradigm Research Group’s Stephen Bassett said “I believe we will very shortly see aggressive new developments regarding this disclosure issue and a lot of those are going to come directly or indirectly from the government itself and the media”.
The UFO Report And Disclosure Video
I collated the responses and edited them together in a forty two minute video.
It’s simply called the “Disclosure video” and features responses from each of the experts who took part in the summit.
We’ve produced bits and pieces of this video during the past year but now we present it in full.
And feel free to add your “two cents worth” in the comments section below.
An exceptional nine-minute Navy video of a UFO displaying highly unusual behavior, studied by Chilean authorities for the last two years, is now being released to the public. The CEFAA - the Chilean government agency which investigates UFOs, or UAP (unidentified aerial phenomena), has been in charge of the investigation. Located within the DGAC, the equivalent of our FAA but under the jurisdiction of the Chilean Air Force, CEFAA has committees of military experts, technicians and academics from many disciplines. None of them have been able to explain the strange flying object captured by two experienced Navy officers from a helicopter.
The Chilean government agency always makes its cases public when an investigation is complete, and acknowledges the existence of UAP when a case merits such a conclusion.
General Ricardo Bermúdez, Director of CEFAA during the investigation, told me that “We do not know what it was, but we do know what it was not.” And “what it is not” comprises a long list of conventional explanations. Here is what happened:
On November 11, 2014, a Chilean Navy helicopter (Airbus Cougar AS-532) was on a routine daytime patrol mission flying north along the coast, west of Santiago. On board were the pilot, a Navy Captain with many years of flying experience, and a Navy technician who was testing a WESCAM’s MX-15 HD Forward Looking Infra Red (FLIR) camera, used most often for “medium-altitude covert intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance,” according to the product website. The aircraft was flying at an altitude of approximately 4,500 feet on a clear afternoon with unlimited horizontal visibility, and the air temperature at that height was 50 degrees F (10 C). There was a cloud base above at 10,000 feet, and a layer of stratuscumulos clouds below. The helicopter was flying at about 132 knots, or 152 mph.
EVOGOL AT ENGLISH WIKIPEDIA
A Chilean Navy AS 532SC Cougar helicopter in Mejillones, Chile.
At 1:52 pm, while filming the terrain, the technician observed a strange object flying to the left over the ocean. Soon both men observed it with the naked eye. They noticed that the velocity and the altitude of the object appeared to be about the same as the helicopter, and estimated that the object was approximately 35 to 40 miles (55-65 km) away. It was traveling W/NW, according to the Captain. The technician aimed the camera at the object immediately and zoomed in with the infra red (IR) for better clarity.
COURTESY CEFAA
The route of the helicopter derived from the displayed geographic coordinates displayed on the camera.
Shortly thereafter, the pilot contacted two radar stations - one close by on the coast, and the other the main DGAC Control system (Ground Primary Radar) in Santiago - to report the unknown traffic. Neither station could detect it on radar, although both easily picked up the helicopter. (The object was well within the range of radar detection.) Air traffic controllers confirmed that no traffic, either civilian or military, had been reported in the area, and that no aircraft had been authorized to fly in the controlled air space where the object was located. The on-board radar was also unable to detect the object and the camera’s radar could not lock onto it.
The pilot tried several times to communicate with the UAP, using the multi-national, civilian bandwidth designed for this purpose. He received no reply.
The technician filmed the object for nine minutes and twelve seconds, mainly in IR. This sensor produces a black and white video in which the black, white and grey tones are directly related to temperature. IR detects heat, and the hotter the material being filmed, the darker it appears on the image. The officers stopped the camera when they had to return to the base and the object disappeared behind the clouds.
The Navy immediately turned over the footage to the CEFAA, and General Bermúdez, accompanied by nuclear chemist Mario Avila, a CEFAA scientific committee member, conducted interviews with the two officers at their Navy base. “I was very impressed by these witnesses,” Avila told me. “They were highly trained professionals with many years experience, and they were absolutely certain that they could not explain what they saw.” Both offiicers also provided written reports at the base, as is required, and for CEFAA.
The Navy Captain stated that the object was a “flat, elongated structure” with “two thermal spotlights like discharges that did not coincide with the axel of motion.” The technician described it as as “white with a semi-oval shape on the horizontal axis.”
COURTESY CEFAA
The video depicts two connected white circular lights or hot spots, giving off much heat (left). This image was part of an analysis by astrophysicist Luis Barrera. “Envoltura” means “envelope.”
But there is one additional component that makes this footage particularly unique: “In two instances it discharged some type of gas or liquid with a high thermal track or signal,” the technician stated. After filming for about eight minutes, the stunning ejection of a massive plume of a very hot material is captured on the video, trailing behind the object. (The plume blended into the clouds when seen in HD.) Another ejection occurred moments later. It is indeed bizarre to watch this on the video.
COURTESY CEFAA
The object moved away from the massize plume it ejected just moments earlier.
Following are the three key video excerpts in chronological order; later I include the full ten minute video. Note that at times the camera switches from IR to HD mode. I recommend watching these silent video clips on a large monitor.
The first one shows the object in motion. The camera captured this for about eight minutes prior to the spectacular display in the next video. (Click “back to youtube video” at the end to prevent a new unrelated video from starting.)
This clip shows the first expulsion of the hot material from the object and the object’s movement away from the plume:
The second expulsion occurred at the end of the video:
During the following two years, at least eight somewhat contentious meetings were held with members of the baffled CEFAA scientific committee, some of which included the active Air Force General who directs the DGAC. According to CEFAA international affairs director Jose Lay, the general tone of the meetings was astonishment: “What the hell is that?” No agreement could be reached to explain the video - theories that were proposed were ruled out by the data.
COURTESY CEFAA
A rather somber meeting of the CEFAA scientific and military committee to discuss the Navy video. The DGAC Director presided (with his back to the camera).
Written reports or video analyses were provided by the well-known astrophysicist Luis Barrera; an image expert from the Air Force photogrammetric service; photo and video analyst Francois Louange and colleagues from France, arranged through the French agency GEIPAN; Luis Salazar, Chilean Air Force meteorologist; a DGAC aeronautic engineer; a digital images specialist from the National Museum of Aeronautics and Space in Santiago; and Mario Avila, a nuclear chemist. All radar, satellite weather data, and details of air traffic in that sector at that time were provided.
COURTESY CEFAA
DGAC’s Director, Air Force General Victor Villalobos, attended two committee meetings on the case.
The French analysts proposed that the object was a “medium-haul aircraft” coming in for a landing into the Santiago airport, and “the effluent trail observed on two occasions probably results from dumping some cabin waste water, forming a plume oriented along the local wind blowing from the west.” They based this on their calculation that the distance between the two hot spots was “consistent with the standard distance between the two jet engines of a medium-haul aircraft.”
Chilean experts knew that this would have been impossible, for a number of reasons: This plane would have been seen on primary radar; it would have had to be cleared for landing in Santiago or at another airport; it would likely have responded to radio communications. Airplanes do not throw out water when landing. In fact, in Chile a plane wishing to eject any material must request permission from the DGAC before doing so; that regulation is widely known and respected. And, it seems unlikely that this experienced pilot would not have recognized this as an airplane, or at least kept that option open afterwards if it were a possibility.
In fact, if - hypothetically - water was expelled, it would have immediately plummeted to the ground given the warm air temperature. According to NASA, “Contrails are human-induced clouds that usually form at very high altitudes (usually above 8 km - about 26,000 ft) where the air is extremely cold (less than -40ºC). Because of this, contrails form not when an airplane is taking off or landing, but while it is at cruise altitude.” The plume ejected from the object must have been some kind of gas or energy, and was not something tangible like water.
The French calculations confirmed that the UAP’s altitude was the same as the helicopter’s, and that “the helicopter’s velocity along its linear trajectory was constant (120 kt),” just as the witnesses had stated. In addition, Louange and his colleagues determined that the average distance between the helicopter and the object was “almost exactly the estimated value reported by the Navy (55 km).” Clearly the two witnesses were competent and accurate observers.
Data from the various reports eliminate other conventional explanations. Meteorologists determined that no weather balloons were in the sky at that time, and noted that a ballon would not move horizontally along with the plane because the wind was blowing from the west towards the shore. Comparing the footage to similar IR satellite imagery with known temperature values, they stated that the object’s temperature must have been higher than 122 degrees F (50 C). The object was not a drone; all drones require registration with the DGAC and whenever flown, the DGAC is informed, just like it is with aircraft. Also, radar would register drones. CEFAA staff went up the chain of command to a Navy Admiral who informed them that there were no joint Naval exercises underway with the US or any other country. The Admiral confirmed that this could not have been a US drone, or any type of espionage or secret vehicle from a foreign country.
Astrophysicist Barrera explored the possibility of space junk re-entry - especially Russian - which somehow may have broken and released compressed gases at this low altitude. It was confirmed that no space debris entered the atmosphere on that date in that location, and in any case, such an object would have fallen rapidly and not flown horitzontally. Two independent experts on explosives told CEFAA staff that in such a scenario, the rounded vehicle would explode in the air due to the high internal pressure, and that the gas would catch fire in a flash. And any such re-entries would have been communicated to the Chilean government so that aircraft can be warned, as is the protocol.
Barrera also noted that when the first ejection event occurred, the material came out from two different parts of the object and then joined in space making one wake. The first was massive and dark in the IR (meaning very hot); the second lighter and semi-transparent.
Air Force photo analysts confrmed that the object was a real, three dimensional form with volume and that it “has control in its movements.” It was not affected by the winds, reflected the light, and threw out “some kind of energy.” They established that there was no evidence of hoaxing or of “alteration of the video by any computer application in the editing and processing of the images.” They also ruled out a bird, flying insect, drone, parachute or hang glider. “It can be concluded that the object has all the characteristics to be classified as an unidentified aerial phenomenon” wrote Alberto Vergara, the lead analyst from the Air Force Photogrammetric Department.
It is unclear how much of the apparent horizontal motion of the object may be the clouds moving or the relative motion of the camera on the helicopter, but the witnesses reported that the object kept pace with the chopper and the French analysts confirmed this. Also noteworthy is the fact that when in HD mode, the large plume looked like part of the cloud and would never be noticed as anything unusual by an observer. Without the IR camera, it would have been difficult to see the white object against the sky and impossible to capture this remarkable footage. It makes one wonder what kind of actiivites may take place within clouds that are unknown to us.
Here is the full ten minute video of the sighting:
“This has been one of the most important cases in my career as director of CEFAA because our Committee was at its best, “ General Bermúdez said in an email. “The CEFAA is well regarded partly because there is full participation from the scientists of the academic world, the armed forces through their representatives, and the aeronautic personnel from the DGAC, including its Director. I am extremely pleased as well with the conclusion reached which is logical and unpretentious.” The official conclusion was that “the great majority of committee members agreed to call the subject in question a UAP (Unidentified Aerial Phenomenon) due to the number of highly researched reasons that it was unanimously agreed could not explain it.”
This case represents one of the most puzzling and fascinating of all cases in the CEFAA files, according to Jose Lay. “It is our first video taken with a sophisticated camera in the infra red; the first time we have ever seen the ejection of a substance from a UAP; the first time we have a sighting lasting over nine minutes with two highly reliable witnesses,” he said when we spoke.
OPENMINDS.TV/CEFAA
General Ricardo Bermúdez has directed the CEFAA since its inception in 1997. He retired on Jan. 1, 2017, but will remain an advisor to the agency.
The CEFAA has been a world leader in official and open investigations of UFOs. I have been priviledged to work closely with the staff there for about five years, learning a great deal. At the end of December, General Bermúdez retired, and although he remains an external advisor to the agency, Lay has assumed the duty of interim director until another General is appointed by the DGAC. I am grateful to General Bermúdez for giving me access to the outstanding CEFAA case files, inviting me to attend meetings there, and for his time in answering my questions. He has left a tremendous legacy with regards to the serious study of UAP and the official recognition of a real unexplained phenomenon in our skies.
Professor: UFOs, Aliens are Human Anthropologists From Future
Professor: UFOs, Aliens are Human Anthropologists From Future
In a recent experiment, scientists reversed the arrow of time for a split second, simulating the possibility of time travel using quantum particles called qubits. The experiment was a far cry from achieving time travel anytime in the near future, but if it provides even a modicum of possibility it would support Dr. Michael P. Masters’ theory that UFOs and aliens might just be future anthropologists traveling back in time to study their ancestors — us.
Masters completed his Ph.D. in Anthropology at the Ohio State University and is currently a professor of biological anthropology at Montana Tech. His resume also cites coursework in astrobiology, astronomy, and physics – needless to say, he has some pretty relevant credentials.
Our Future Humanoid Alien Descendants
In his bookIdentified Flying Objects: A Multidisciplinary Scientific Approach to the UFO Phenomenon, Masters explores the evolution of humans in relation to our hominin ancestors, and our likely progression as a species moving forward. Based on the trajectory of our physical, intellectual, and technological development, he says he believes the common trope of the hairless, large-headed, technologically advanced alien is likely where evolution is leading us.
Humans have evolved to become (relatively) hairless creatures compared to our ancestors and many anthropologists believe we’ll eventually lose it entirely as it doesn’t really serve much of a function anymore, save aesthetics. Add to that the fact that our skull size has doubled and tripled to support a larger brain compared to the smaller cranium of ancestors like Homo erectus and Australopithecus, respectively.
“The phenomenon may be our own distant descendants coming back through time to study us in their own evolutionary past,” Masters told a local television station in his home state of Montana. “The extra-tempestrials are ubiquitously reported as being bipedal, upright-walking, five fingers on each hand and foot, bi-lateral symmetry, that they have two eyes, a mouth, a nose, and they can communicate with us in our own languages.”
Dr Michael P. Masters
If that’s the case, and close encounters with aliens are really close encounters with our future relatives, the term extraterrestrial wouldn’t be appropriate to describe our humanoid alien descendants. That’s why Masters coined the term, extratempestrials.
Much like the theme of Michael Crichton’s 1999 novel Timeline, Masters imagines how incredible it would be for future archeologists and anthropologists to travel back in time to study the eras and people we’ve only imagined from our history textbooks.
The Moon has water ice hiding near its poles, which is something that is a fairly recent discovery.
The ice could hold clues about where the water on Earth came from and tell us a lot about the history of the Earth-Moon system.
An increasing number of missions to the Moon’s poles could potentially contaminate the ice and taint future discoveries, scientists now warn.
The Moon is far from the dry, dusty rock that astronomers of decades past assumed it was. There’s actually water on the Moon, and we know this thanks to high-tech observations that have uncovered its presence in the form of ice. This ice is located mostly at the Moon’s poles, hidden in deep craters where rays from the Sun never reach.
That ice could be incredibly important from a scientific perspective. Pristine and untainted, the frozen water could offer researchers a clue as to how water arrived on Earth as well as the Moon. However, it will only continue to be valuable and important if it remains unspoiled, and with an increasing number of missions targeting the Moon’s poles, scientists are now worried that these efforts of exploration may ultimately ruin the frozen water.
A new article published by Nature lays out the case for taking great care in exploring these regions of the Moon, specifically those that hope to utilize the ice in the making of fuel or as a resource for ongoing or future missions.
Water on the Moon is indeed a resource that could be used in the production of fuels that could send missions deeper into the solar system than we’ve gone before. However, it is that same ice that could reveal some incredibly interesting things about the Moon, the Earth, and our system as a whole.
There are scientists on both sides of the argument. Some believe we should use the ice since it’s there, and it’s clearly a resource that could be used for exploration of the cosmos. Meanwhile, others believe it is too important to be tampered with at this time, and that it should be preserved until we can safely obtain samples for study.
Right now, the best guess for how Earth got its water after being covered in molten rock during its formative years is that water in asteroids and comets that crashed into Earth eventually pooled in huge amounts, forming our planet’s oceans and eventually lakes and other water systems.
We’ll have to wait and see how this all unfolds, but based on the fact that there’s no governing body that decides what happens to resources on other worlds, odds are that whoever gets there first will be able to do whatever they want. Whether their aims are to sample and study the ice or harvest it for fuel remains to be seen.
Researchers have been busily building a prototype of a 33-pound (15 kg) lunar mini-robot, set to be the key instrument in a future mission aimed at capturing high-definition images of moon pits.
Artist’s concept of a PitRanger surveying a lunar pit.
Image via William Whittaker/ USRA/ Carnegie Mellon University.
Curious about the pristine and peculiar science environments that might lie below the surface of the moon? Meet PitRanger, a tiny rover currently being designed to explore deep pits below the moon’s surface.
PitRanger is currently on track to become the key instrument in a short-term moon mission aimed at capturing high-definition 3D images of lunar pits. These deep, steep-walled holes are thought to have been shaped billions of years ago by a once-geologically-active moon. Funded by the NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts Program (NIAC), the mini-robot will weigh 33 pounds (15 kg) and be solar-powered. The decision to use solar power, in particular, poses challenges, alongside advantages, on a world whose day and night last about two earthly weeks.
Although no launch dates have been proposed yet, the mission is envisioned for launch in either 2021 or 2022. The prototype is being built by robotics research scientist William Whittaker and his team at Carnegie Mellon University. The prototype has already undergone and passed testing by performing at a sinkhole here on Earth.
Whittaker provided an update on his work during a virtual NIAC meeting held in September 2020, noting that significant progress has been made in PitRanger’s development.
Whenever it’s launched, PitRanger will be a brief mission in contrast to previous moon rover missions, because of the length of lunar day and night. A lunar day lasts about 14 Earth days, and because solar-powered PitRanger depends on the sun for energy, the equally long lunar night becomes an opportunity for impending robot death. Whittaker emphasized this by saying:
It only has 12 days, not 12 years, to complete its mission.
PitRanger is also different from previous moon exploration missions because of its autonomy. The PitRanger robot rover is designed with the strategic decision-making and imaging capabilities required to navigate risky ledges around a pit. Autonomy for quick missions like this one is becoming a necessary technology, these scientists say, since supervision and guidance from controllers on the ground won’t be available to small, solar-powered rovers like PitRanger.
The small lunar rover will roll at a top speed of 1 inch (2.5 cm) per second, and will be outfitted with a telephoto lens and panoramic unit in conjunction with a single solar panel. These features will work together using a panel-tilt mechanism to aim the camera at the pit, taking images at various angles that reach the pit’s far wall and floor. PitRanger will be accompanied by a lander. The rover will be programmed with the software smarts to prune and process images that’ll later be transferred to the lander for modeling. The little robot will do this repeatedly, wheeling back to the pit multiple times to acquire thousands of images and measurements. Once that work is done, the end result will be a photogrammetric model of the captured pit, providing an up-close and detailed look at what’s inside, as well as hard numbers on the pit’s shape, size, and other relevant features. These measurements should provide insights into how geologic forces play out on a world like the moon where, for example, the pull of gravity is only 1/6 as strong as here on Earth. Spacecraft cameras in lunar orbit are unable to make these sorts of measurements, or match this level of detail. Whittaker said:
The scenario is to rove to a pit with a micro-rover, peer into the pit, acquire images of walls, floors, caverns, and then generate pit models … Pit walls offer the only observable pristine geology on the moon. They are unique opportunities to observe volcanology, morphology and much more.
PitRanger may need to make multiple maneuvers to profile a lunar pit, as this illustration depicts.
It’s still unclear whether PitRanger will visit a single moon pit or if there will be multiple pits on its agenda. More likely it will visit more than one. There is also no discussion circulating on which pits are currently being targeted. The moon’s surface is battered by these holes, with more than 200 documented by NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft. Pits range in size from roughly 15 feet (5 m) across to more than half a mile (1 km) in diameter. NASA says that most pits were found either in large craters with impact melt ponds – areas of lava that formed from the heat of the impact and later solidified – or in the lunar maria – dark areas on the moon that are extensive solidified lava flows hundreds of miles across. Exploring these pits would reveal valuable details about the voids in which they formed.
Moon pits, caves, and lava tubes – formed by flowing magma and covered in tiny crystals – are like windows to the moon’s history both within and below its surface. New technology intended for subsurface lunar exploration has been imagined by engineers in recent years, especially since NASA’s plans to return humans to the moon are just over the horizon. Whittaker said that if accessible, these geologic features could be havens from radiation, extreme temperatures, dust storms, and micrometeorite hazards of the moon’s surface. With this considered, peering into moon pits may not only prove monumental in understanding our natural satellite’s history, but also in creating a safe habitat on the lunar surface, which could be a jumping-off point for human missions to Mars.
These images from NASA’s LRO spacecraft show all of the known mare pits and highland pits. Each image is 728 feet (200 m) wide.
Image via NASA/ Goddard Space Flight Center/ Arizona State.
Bottom line: Researchers are building a prototype of a 33-pound (15 kg) lunar mini-robot – called PitRanger – set to be the key instrument in a future mission aimed at capturing high-definition images of moon pits.
Biggest asteroid to pass Earth in 2021 also one of the fastest
Biggest asteroid to pass Earth in 2021 also one of the fastest
Posted by Eddie Irizarry in ASTRONOMY ESSENTIALS | SPACE
On March 21, when asteroid 2001 FO32 sweeps past Earth, it’ll be moving at such a fast pace that observers using telescopes might be able to detect its motion – its drift in front of the stars – in real time.
This is a simulated view of asteroid 2001 FO32 on approach to Earth’s vicinity on January 6, 2021. The lines are orbits of planets in our solar system; see Earth’s orbit (3rd planet from the sun)? The asteroid is still far away, but it’ll be closest on March 21, the day after the March equinox, sweeping within about 5 lunar distances, moving at about 21 miles (34.4 km) per second. See orbit simulation.
The biggest known asteroid to pass in 2021 will sweep by on March 21. Asteroid 2001 FO32 is estimated to be about .6 miles (1 km) in diameter, not quite as long as the Golden Gate Bridge, but comparable in length. Although there’s no risk of impact, the space rock is of interest also because it’s one of the fastest space rocks known to fly by Earth. It’s traveling at about 76,980 miles per hour (123,887 km/h) or 21 miles (34.4 km) per second, relative to Earth. In contrast, Earth travels around the sun at about 18 miles (30 km) per second. Since 2001 FO32 is good-sized and occasionally passes near Earth, it’s been classified as a Potentially Hazardous Asteroid. Its orbit is well known, and it poses no risk of impact.
On March 21, 2021, FO32’s closest approach to Earth will occur at 16:03 UTC; translate UTC to your time. At its closest, it’ll be about 5 lunar distances away, or about 1.3 million miles (2,016,351 km). SpaceReference.org reported:
Based on its brightness and the way it reflects light, 2001 FO32 is probably between 0.767 to 1.714 kilometers (.5 miles to 1 mi) in diameter, making it larger than ~97% of asteroids but small compared to large asteroids.
A fascinating aspect of asteroids is that observers using backyard telescopes can spot them as apparently slow-moving “stars.” It typically takes at least 5 to 10 minutes for backyard telescope users to detect a space rock’s motion in front of its starfield. But asteroid 2001 FO32 will be sweeping past Earth at such a fast pace that, when it’s closest, observers using 8″ or larger telescopes might be able to detect its motion – its drift in front of the stars – in real time.
We note that the space rock will be too faint to see wth the unaided eye. It’ll be visible to observers using 8″ or larger diameter telescopes. You must aim your telescope at the correct position in the sky, at the right time. The charts in this post provide details. You might also check Stellarium online or TheSkyLive for more details on observing.
One caveat for northern observers. The asteroid is placed relatively low in the southern sky. As asteroid 2001 FO32 passes by Earth, observers using telescopes might try to spot it as it glides through the southern constellations of Scorpius and Sagittarius. For observers in the southern U.S., the asteroid will be low in the sky, above the southern horizon (about 20 degrees or lower), just before dawn on March 21, 2021. Observers at lower latitudes and in the southern hemisphere will be better placed to take a look through a telescope.
After it passes by Earth in March 2021, the next encounter of this asteroid with our planet occurs in 31 years, on March 22, 2052. However, the 2021 approach will be its closest to Earth for the next 200 years for which its orbit has been calculated.
Asteroid 2001 FO32 was discovered on March 23, 2001, by the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research (LINEAR), near Socorro, New Mexico.
The space rock’s orbit carries it around the sun every 810 days (2.22 years). It comes as close to the sun as 0.30 astronomical units (1 AU = 1 Earth-sun distance). It travels as far from the sun as 3.11 AU. Its orbit is highly elliptical (as opposed to being closer to circular).
Location of asteroid 2001 FO32 on March 20, 2021, at 3:45 am ET, as seen from southern U.S. The space rock will be too faint to see wth the unaided eye, but visible to observers using 8″ or larger diameter telescopes.
Illustration by Eddie Irizarry using Stellarium.
Location of asteroid 2001 FO32 on March 20, 2021, at 3:45 am ET. Observers using a computerized or “Go To” telescope can point their instrument at one of these reference stars a few minutes before, and wait for the asteroid, which will appear as a slowly moving “star.”
Illustration by Eddie Irizarry using Stellarium.
Location of Asteroid 2001 FO32 on March 21, 2021, at 4:45 am ET, just hours before its closest approach to Earth, so the asteroid’s motion will be easiest to detect in real time through a telescope.
Illustration – set for southern U.S. – by Eddie Irizarry using Stellarium.
Location of the space rock on March 21, 2021n at 4:45 am ET, just hours before its closest approach to Earth. Have a computerized or Go To telescope? Point your optics to one of these reference stars a few minutes ahead, and wait for Asteroid 2001 FO32. This illustration shows the location of the space rock on March 21, 2021 on 4:45 am ET, just hours before its closest approach to Earth, so the asteroid’s motion will be very easy to detect in real time through the telescope.
Illustration by Eddie Irizarry using Stellarium.
Another angle on the orbit of asteroid 2001 FO32. The space rock completes an orbit around the sun every 810 days (2.22 years).
Image via NASA/ JPL.
Bottom line: Asteroid 2001 FO32 is the biggest known asteroid to sweep past Earth in the year 2021. It will fly by at such a fast pace that, when it’s closest, observers using telescopes might be able to detect its motion – its drift in front of the stars – in real time.
Scientists have uncovered evidence of an advanced water treatment system, built more than 2,000 years ago, in the ancient Mayan city of Tikal in the tropical forests of Guatemala. The Mayans used the mineral zeolite in the treatment system to filter out harmful microorganisms and toxic chemicals. This system represents the oldest known example of a water treatment system in the Western Hemisphere. The new research waspublished in the peer-reviewed journal Scientific Reports on October 22, 2020.
At its peak, the ancient Mayan city of Tikal is believed to have been the home to at least 60,000 people, and scientists have discovered the remains of more than 3,000 structures located around the city. The city was located in the area that is now Guatemala in Central America.
Scientists collected sediment cores from three drinking water reservoirs in Tikal that were used to store water from approximately 2,200 to 1,100 years ago. Mineral analyses revealed the presence of zeolite at one particular site known as the Corriental reservoir. Zeolite is an aluminosilicate mineral that has many pores and is an excellent material for trapping drinking water contaminants like harmful microorganisms and toxic metals. Because of its unique properties, zeolite is often used in modern water purification systems.
Zeolite.
Image via U.S. Geological Survey and Mineral Information Institute/ Wikimedia Commons.
The zeolite found in Tikal was likely collected from distant mineral deposits located about 19 miles (30 km) northeast of the drinking water reservoir and was transported back to the city, according to the scientists from the University of Cincinnati who performed the analyses. It is possible that the Mayans became of aware of the excellent water quality in the area containing the zeolite deposits and this led to the inspiration for its use in Tikal.
The main source of drinking water in Tikal was precipitation and runoff, and drinking water was likely scarce in times of droughts. The drinking water reservoirs thus played a crucial role in supplying the residents with potable water throughout the year. However, water can become foul when it is stored for long periods of time, and so the Mayans used the zeolite treatment technology to help purify the water.
This system represents the oldest known example of a water treatment system in the Western Hemisphere. Around such times, other known civilizations in the Americas mainly relied on natural springs for their drinking water, and this was water was often transported to inhabited areas through a system of aqueducts. While advanced water filtration systems have been discovered within the ancient cities of Greece, Egypt, and South Asia, the system at Tikal represents the first of its kind in the New World.
Kenneth Barnett Tankersley, lead author of the new paper and associate professor of anthropology at the University of Cincinnati, commented on the findings in a statement. He said:
The ancient Maya lived in a tropical environment and had to be innovators. This is a remarkable innovation. A lot of people look at Native Americans in the Western Hemisphere as not having the same engineering or technological muscle of places like Greece, Rome, India or China. But when it comes to water management, the Maya were millennia ahead.
Bottom line: Scientists have uncovered evidence of an advanced water treatment system in the ancient Mayan city of Tikal, in which zeolite was used to purify the drinking water. This system represents the first of its kind to be discovered in the Americas.
A new study from Northwestern University shows that solar flares – space weather – might not always be as dangerous for life on exoplanets as typically thought. In fact, it might even help astronomers discover alien life on distant worlds.
Artist’s concept of a distant red dwarf star and accompanying exoplanet. Red dwarfs are common in our galaxy. They produce volatile, deadly flares – and accompanying space weather – that can erode the atmospheres of any nearby planets and severely endanger any existing life. But … maybe not always, according to a new study.
A few days ago, we reported new findings about how space weather spawned by Proxima Centauri, the nearest star to our sun, might inhibit life on Proxima’s planets. Volatile red dwarf stars like Proxima are prone to powerful space weather, that is, bursts of radiation caused by flares on these stars. There are lots of red dwarf stars in our galaxy. So it’s been with some wistfulness that astronomers in recent years have reported that red dwarf space weather might decrease our chances of finding exoplanet life. But science marches on, and now a new study provides some hope for those searching for life beyond Earth. The study suggests that space weather might not always be fatal to life. Hostile space weather might even help astronomers detect life on exoplanets around red dwarfs stars.
The researchers published the new peer-reviewed findings in Nature Astronomy on December 21, 2020.
It is known that intense solar flares from red dwarfs or other active stars can erode or even strip the atmospheres from planets that orbit too close. In the case of red dwarfs, these stars are cooler and smaller than the sun, which means such planets are often in the habitable zone, where temperatures are suitable for liquid water on their surfaces. But, they orbit very close to their stars, so they are pummelled by intense radiation. So how could it be that this space weather is not always as bad for life as it is assumed to be?
It all comes down to chemistry. In the new study, the researchers found that such flares play a significant role in the development of a planet’s atmosphere.Howard Chen, first author of the study, said in a statement:
We compared the atmospheric chemistry of planets experiencing frequent flares with planets experiencing no flares. The long-term atmospheric chemistry is very different.
The senior author of the study, Daniel Horton, added:
We’ve found that stellar flares might not preclude the existence of life. In some cases, flaring doesn’t erode all of the atmospheric ozone. Surface life might still have a fighting chance.
That’s good news for the possibility of life on at least some otherwise potentially habitable worlds orbiting red dwarf stars.
As Horton further explained:
We studied planets orbiting within the habitable zones of M and K dwarf stars, the most common stars in the universe. Habitable zones around these stars are narrower because the stars are smaller and less powerful than stars like our sun. On the flip side, M and K dwarf stars are thought to have more frequent flaring activity than our sun, and theirtidally locked planets are unlikely to have magnetic fields helping deflect their stellar winds.
Daniel Horton at Northwestern University, senior author of the new paper. Image via Northwestern University.
The study found that it might be easier in some cases for life to survive around red dwarfs than previously thought, but it, and previous studies, also showed that hostile space weather might even make it easier to detect such life. How?
If there were gases in a planet’s atmosphere that were a sign of life – such as nitrogen dioxide, nitrous oxide or nitric acid – stellar flares could actually increase their abundance. If such gases were at a very low level and difficult to detect from Earth, flares could increase their amounts to levels that were detectable. It’s an intriguing and ironic possibility, that the same space weather that could extinguish life on a planet might also aid astronomers in detecting life. As Chen explained:
Space weather events are typically viewed as a detriment to habitability. But our study quantitatively showed that some space weather can actually help us detect signatures of important gases that might signify biological processes.
Chen and his colleagues had also incorporated stellar flare data from NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Satellite Survey (TESS) mission, launched in 2018, into their model simulations. This helps researchers better understand the overall effects of space weather on exoplanet atmospheres.
Red dwarf stars are more active than our sun, frequently releasing deadly flares that could erode the atmospheres of planets that orbit too close. The sun has flares, too, of course, but in the case of Earth, our planet’s magnetic field protects us from them. While they might cause problems with power or communications systems, including satellites, they don’t endanger life itself on Earth’s surface. As Allison Youngblood, an astronomer at the University of Colorado Boulder and co-author of the study, described it:
Our sun is more of a gentle giant. It’s older and not as active as younger and smaller stars. Earth also has a strong magnetic field, which deflects the sun’s damaging winds.
Artist’s concept of Kepler-186f, a potentially habitable exoplanet that orbits a red dwarf star 500 light-years from Earth. Unlike some other planets found around red dwarfs, it orbits a bit farther out, in the outer edge region of the star’s habitable zone, and may not be as affected by solar flares.
Image via NASA/ NASA Ames/ SETI Institute/ JPL-Caltech.
The findings illustrate just how complex the possibility of alien life can be, that it’s not always as straightforward as we might think. It’s not just whether or not a planet is in the habitable zone of a star, for example, but rather there are many factors to consider relating to conditions both on the planet itself as well as its host star. The search for extraterrestrial life requires input from a wide range of scientific disciplines. As Eric T. Wolf, a planetary scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and a co-author of the study, summed it up:
This project was a result of fantastic collective team effort. Our work highlights the benefits of interdisciplinary efforts when investigating conditions on extrasolar planets.
Bottom line:New research shows that solar flares – and their accompanying space weather – might not always be as dangerous for life on exoplanets as typically thought. Space weather in distant star systems might even help astronomers discover exoplanet life.
Mars becomes the second planet after Earth that we know is wobbling around its axis. As to why — we’re yet unsure.
Digital rendering of Mars. Image via Pixabay.
As the Red Planet spins during its day, it also wobbles and bobbles gently around its own axis, a new paper reports. Astronomers have no idea why this is happening, but the fact that Mars is the second planet we know of to do this (after Earth) could help us understand it better.
The Chandler wobble
This type of motion — a planet’s wobble around its own axis as it spins — is known as the Chandler wobble. Earth shows some 30 feet (9 meters) of amplitude in this wobble: its poles move in a circle with a 9-meter diameter around its axis, with a period of around 430 days.
Mars seems to be doing the same, albeit the diameter it spins on is way smaller: 4 inches (10 centimeters) off-center, with a period of around 200 days, according to Eos.org, the news blog of the American Geophysical Union (AGU).
The Chandler wobble is produced when a rotating body’s mass isn’t distributed evenly. Things like differences in density throughout its body or in its shape will lead to such a wobble. In Earth’s case, it is caused by its shape, which isn’t perfectly round. Although Earth’s is much more pronounced than that of Mars, it’s possible that the source of the wobble is the same for both planets.
Still, here’s where the mystery begins. Over time, we know that this wobble should fade out. It’s been calculated that for Earth, any Chandler wobbling should disappear within a century of it starting. However, we know that this isn’t the case — Earth has been wobbling for much longer than that.
Given that our planet is both geologically and biologically active, our running assumption so far is that shifts in atmospheric and ocean pressures (i.e. the movement of large bodies of water and gas) are constantly fueling this wobble, which is why it didn’t die out when our calculations said it would.
But Mars is neither geologically nor biologically active, as far as we know. It has no oceans and only a thin coating of an atmosphere. And yet it wobbles.
The movement was detected using 18 years’ worth of data collected by satellites around Mars: Mars Odyssey, Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and, Mars Global Surveyor. Crunching the math leads to the same conclusion as it does on Earth: this wobble should end naturally, but so far, it hasn’t.
Our only guess so far is that, in Mars’ case, the Chandler wobble is fueled by atmospheric motions alone; this would fit with the much lower amplitude of motion compared to Earth’s own wobble. However, more data is needed before we can be certain.
However, we do know one thing for sure: if we’ve found two planets which wobble, we’re likely to see more in the future doing the same. Maybe we can understand what’s happening before we run into the third.
The 28 fastest days on record (since 1960) all occurred in 2020, with Earth completing its revolutions around its axis milliseconds quicker than average. That's not particularly alarming — the planet's rotation varies slightly all the time, driven by variations in atmospheric pressure, winds, ocean currents and the movement of the core. But it is inconvenient for international timekeepers, who use ultra-accurate atomic clocks to meter out the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) by which everyone sets their clocks. When astronomical time, set by the time it takes the Earth to make one full rotation, deviates from UTC by more than 0.4 seconds, UTC gets an adjustment.
Until now, these adjustments have consisted of adding a "leap second" to the year at the end of June or December, bringing astronomical time and atomic time back in line. These leap seconds were tacked on because the overall trend of Earth's rotation has been slowing since accurate satellite measurement began in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Since 1972, scientists have added leap seconds about every year-and-a-half, on average, according to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The last addition came in 2016, when on New Year's Eve at 23 hours, 59 minutes and 59 seconds, an extra "leap second" was added.
However, according to Time and Date, the recent acceleration in Earth's spin has scientists talking for the first time about a negative leap second. Instead of adding a second, they might need to subtract one. That's because the average length of a day is 86,400 seconds, but an astronomical day in 2021 will clock in 0.05 milliseconds shorter, on average. Over the course of the year, that will add up to a 19 millisecond lag in atomic time.
"It's quite possible that a negative leap second will be needed if the Earth's rotation rate increases further, but it's too early to say if this is likely to happen," physicist Peter Whibberley of the National Physics Laboratory in the U.K., told The Telegraph. "There are also international discussions taking place about the future of leap seconds, and it's also possible that the need for a negative leap second might push the decision towards ending leap seconds for good."
The year 2020 was already faster than usual, astronomically speaking (cue sighs of relief). According to Time and Date, Earth broke the previous record for shortest astronomical day, set in 2005, 28 times. That year's shortest day, July 5, saw Earth complete a rotation 1.0516 milliseconds faster than 86,400 seconds. The shortest day in 2020 was July 19, when the planet completed one spin 1.4602 milliseconds faster than 86,400 seconds.
According to the NIST, leap seconds have their pros and cons. They're useful for making sure that astronomical observations are synced with clock time, but they can be a hassle for some data-logging applications and telecommunications infrastructure. Some scientists at the International Telecommunication Union have suggested letting the gap between astronomical and atomic time widen until a "leap hour" is needed, which would minimize disruption to telecommunications. (Astronomers would have to make their own adjustments in the meantime.)
The International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) in Paris, France, is responsible for determining whether adding or subtracting a leap second is necessary. Currently, the IERS shows no new leap seconds scheduled to be added, according to the service's Earth Orientation Center.
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Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
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