The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
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Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie!
Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek!
België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek
In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch.
Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie
Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen!
Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit
Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie.
Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie
Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen.
Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen
Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek!
Blijf Op De Hoogte!
Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren!
Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.
07-09-2021
UFOs and Aliens: When the U.K.’s Ministry of Defense Helped the BBC to Make a Show. But Why?
UFOs and Aliens: When the U.K.’s Ministry of Defense Helped the BBC to Make a Show. But Why?
A few days ago I wrote an article here at Mysterious Universe on an alleged UFO crash somewhere in the U.K. during the Second World War. It was a story given to American journalist Dorothy Kilgallen in 1955. It was, of course, the usual kind of such tales: strange, little dead bodies, studies of the craft and dead crew by government agencies, and cover-ups and conspiracies. You can find the article at this link. There is, however, another angle to this whole story that I’ll share with you today. Depending on your opinion on the whole affair, you’ll either think “Wow!” or “Meh.” With that said, on with today’s article. It all revolves around an entertaining BBC show that hit televisions in the U.K. back in the 1990s. Its title: Invasion: Earth. Before we get to the matter of the story, here’s some background information itself. First and foremost, it’s obvious that the creators of the show dug deep into the world of Ufology. And, the writers and producers were very familiar with that Second World War crashed UFO story, too – as it appears in the show itself.
tvdb say of the show: “A six-part mini series produced by the BBC & the American channel, Sci Fi. The mini series went out in 1998. The plot was simple but effective. A team of military and scientists discover that a hostile alien force is planning to turn Earth into a breeding farm. Another alien race, the echos, tried to warn the Earth about the aliens (ND’s) during the Second World War. However, only one person listened and he went off with the Echo’s. In the late 1990’s a UFO is shot down with the returning man. Suddenly the small team is left to defend the Earth. However, the ND’s had been poisioning the Earth for over 50 years and men are dying out while women could become hybrid creatures. Nothing seems able to stop the ND’s.”
Here’s how the story begins: “England 1944, during the height of the V-2 rocket blitz on England, an unidentified and notably non-German object crashes, devastating the suburb in which it falls. A bomb disposal team arrive on the scene, led by Lieutenant Charles Tyrell (Anton Lesser), a Cambridge Don and anthropologist, but while searching the scene the soldiers discover two of the crashed craft’s occupants; one is shot dead by a soldier while attempting to flee the scene (much to Tyrell’s dismay), while the other occupant falls out of the craft, badly injured by the crash. It soon becomes apparent that the occupants are not human, with their domed heads and speckled pale skin. Tyrell establishes a rapport with the survivor, just as Military Intelligence arrives.
“The action then moves to Scotland, 1998, and a joint Royal Air Force/NATO air force airfield. Flight Lieutenant Chris Drake (Vincent Regan) and his navigator, Flight Lieutenant Gerry Llewellyn (Stuart McQuarrie), are two Tornado aircrew scrambled to intercept an unidentified craft over the North Sea. During the ensuing encounter, both the airfield and the interceptors are seemingly attacked by a weapon that shuts off their power and disables all their instruments, so Drake impulsively acts against orders and shoots down the UFO. In the process, his own craft is damaged and he and Llewellyn must eject over the ocean. Drake is recovered alive but Llewellyn suffers serious injuries during ejection and dies in the sea before he can be rescued. The guilt-ridden Drake is grounded as a result of his hasty actions.”
Now, we get to the “Hmm” part of the story. At the same time that Nick Pope was writing his Operation Thunder Child novel, back in the 1990s, the British Ministry of Defense gave a large amount of assistance and support to the BBC’s Invasion: Earth team’s show that dealt with an attack on the planet by hostile alien entities. Inevitably, this led to rumors – within the U.K. UFO research community, if nowhere else – that it was all part of a less-than-subtle attempt on the part of certain elements of the British Government to get the general public thinking about the possibility of humankind waging outright war against an alien species. Does the MoD know something that the rest of us don’t? A Ministry of Defense employee – referred to me by Nick Pope – had something to say about this at the time. The MoD man said:
Nick Pope
“It’s extremely strange that on the one hand the MoD is publicly so dismissive about UFOs; and yet on the other they bent over backwards to provide assistance to a TV company producing a science-fiction drama which starts with the Royal Air Force shooting down a UFO. Normally, the Ministry of Defense only helps film and TV companies where it believes that significant benefits will fall to the MoD in terms of recruiting, training or public relations. This was the case, for example, with our participation in the James Bond film, Tomorrow Never Dies. What, one wonders, did the MoD think it had to gain from helping to perpetuate a view that the Royal Air Force were virtually at war with extra-terrestrials? Questions about our participation in this project were raised at the highest level within the Ministry of Defense.”
Just a case of the Ministry of Defense giving a bit of help to the BBC? Or, did the MoD have other reasons for wanting to help with the production of the show? Perhaps someone should dig deeper into all of this, even though the strange story is now more than twenty years old.
I found two sculpted faces in stone in a Mars photo today. Both faces are of a male from the species...and both faces are wearing helmets as a show of the status and warrior attributes of those individuals. The larger face with a huge crown on its head must be some kind of royal figure from long ago. It looks very similar to the shape of heads wearing crowns from ancient Egypt...for instance Pharaoh Thutmose had a similar shaped crown in sculptures of him. From the worn torn edges, I have determined that this carved face is at least a hundred thousand years old or more. It wont be long...maybe 20-30 years and humans will be on Mars...and will be able to confirm what I have found. Hey...better late than never.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:Ruins, strange artifacts on other planets, moons, ed ( Fr, EN, NL )
LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 7 - 9 - 2021
LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 7 - 9 - 2021
UFOs Sighted In Storm Near White City, Saskatchewan. Canada ( August 31, 2021 )
UFOs were sighted by a Imposing Supercell Storm near White City in the White Butte area Saskatchewan, Canada on August 31, 2021
They are here !
credit : R Korzenowski
UFO Sighted Over Baltimore, Maryland ( September 2, 2021 )
Impressive day time UFO Sighting of a large craft recorded over the city of Baltimore, Maryland on September 2, 2021.
They are here !
credit : M.B.
V Shaped UFO Sighted Over Chicago, Illinois ( September 5, 2021 )
V Shaped UFO wss sighted over Chicago, Illinois on September 5, 2021 : This is MUFON CASE : 117783 : Mutual UFO Network : MUFON SUBMISSIONS : Large V shaped craft appears out of flashing orb. You can see it get bigger and bigger per frame. Long Description of Sighting Report - Case 117783
The v snap object appears to grow in size as it comes OUT of the large orb that is also pulsating in and out of space time
Date Submitted : 2021-09-06 Date of Event : 2021-09-05 MUFON SUBMITTER FILE :
trim.7CDCE44309C94DC983552B25485FD2D1.MOV
UFO Sighted Over Middletown, Indiana ( September 5, 2021 )
STATEMENT : Craft casually flew by while taking video of hummingbird. : This is MUFON CASE : 117772
Long Description of Sighting Report - Case 117772
I was on my porch watching the hummingbird that comes on a daily basis and decided to take a video that day because he was extra vocal. Upon reviewing the video I noticed something in the sky that caught my eye. I paused the video and zoomed in to find a large Saturn like shaped object that I had never seen before. It was large, round, dark, except the bottom portion I could see was mostly a glowing green color. I also noticed another craft in a still shot, but was nowhere quite as detailed. This was my first sighting and with the detail of the green illuminated bottom, I’m sure this is either from another planet, or some black project craft that has not be released to the public.
Did the Galactic Federation just release its Prime Directive?
Did the Galactic Federation just release its Prime Directive?
In this Exopolitics Today interview, Elena Danaan, a former professional French archeologist, discusses a recent communication she received that details the Prime Directive of the Galactic Federation of Worlds.
Elena is publicly releasing the ten articles making up the Prime Directive, along with commentary by her primary extraterrestrial contact, Thor Han Eredyon.
The contents of the Prime Directive are known to participants in secret meetings and agreements that have occurred between the Galactic Federation and national space program leaders and major aerospace corporations.
Its contents have not been publicly released until today. In the discussion with Dr Michael Salla, the contents and implications of the Prime Directive are analyzed in terms of their scope and implications for humanity.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
UFOs & Aliens UFOs Vs the US Government
UFOs & Aliens UFOs Vs the US Government
Repeated sightings. Political double-talk. Scientific proof. Something has been going on since 1947, and the U.S. government denies it so vehemently that its very denials seem to acknowledge the truth. UFOs vs. the U.S. Government explores the close calls and possible coverups of alien visitations on Earth. UFOs & Aliens is a 1999 movie, ***narrated by Jeri Ryan of Star Trek: Voyager, this series features stunning visualizations and interviews with top experts in the field of science, technology and ufology including Jill Tarter, inspiration for the book & film, Contact. First broadcast on TLC, UFOs & Aliens provides an exciting examination of UFO sightings, alien encounters, and our efforts to contact extraterrestrial life.
Omdat ze op het Australische Phillip-eiland geen natuurlijke vijand hebben, bevinden deze vraatzuchtige duizendpoten zich wonderbaarlijk genoeg aan de top van de voedselketen.
Als je aan een duizendpoot denkt, denk je misschien aan die kleine, krioelende beestjes in de zanderige grond. Maar in Australië nemen zelfs deze diertjes bizarre vormen aan. Onderzoekers hebben namelijk ontdekt dat de Cormocephalus coynei, een duizendpoot die leeft op het onbewoonde, Australische Phillip-eiland, niet alleen gigantisch is, maar ook een wat opmerkelijk dieet volgt.
Meer over de Cormocephalus coynei
Cormocephalus coynei is een duizendpootsoort die voorkomt op Phillip- en Nepean-eiland, gelegen ten zuiden van het Australische Norfolkeiland. De soort werd voor het eerst gezien op Phillip-eiland in 1792, maar werd pas in 1984 formeel beschreven. De duizendpoot kan maar liefst 23,5 cm lang worden en is roodbruin en oranje van kleur. Maar het meest opmerkelijke is zijn bizarre gewoonte om op gewervelde dieren te jagen.
In de studie besloten onderzoekers het dieet van de duizendpoot te bestuderen. Want dat deze diertjes een bijzondere eetlust hebben, weten we al langer. Zo staan ze erom bekend om op gekko’s, stinken en vissen te jagen. Maar soms hebben de beestjes zelfs nog grotere honger.
Een gekko is ten prooi gevallen aan een vleesetende duizendpoot.
Afbeelding: D. Terrington (2019)
Zeevogels De onderzoekers kwamen namelijk tot de ontdekking dat de duizendpoten op Phillip-eiland het zelfs op zeevogels hebben voorzien. “Er zijn aanwijzingen dat grote duizendpoten over de hele wereld gewervelde dieren verorberen,” zegt onderzoeksleider Luke Halpin. “Maar dit is de eerste keer dat we ontdekken dat de duizendpoot op zeevogels jaagt.”
Dieet De onderzoekers hebben het opmerkelijke dieet van Cormocephalus coynei nauwkeurig in kaart gebracht. En daaruit blijkt dat het bizarre eetpatroon van deze roofzuchtige duizendpoot voor 48 procent bestaat uit gewervelde dieren en 52 procent uit ongewervelde dieren. 30,5 procent bestaat uit hagedissen, waaronder de inheemse Lord Howe Island Skink en de endemische hagedis Christinus guentheri. Opvallend genoeg bestaat 7,9 procent van het dieet van de duizendpoot uit de zwartvleugelstormvogel (met name de kuikentjes) en 9,6 procent uit zeevissen die door in bomen nestelende zeevogels op de bosbodem zijn gedropt.
Bekijk in deze video hoe een duizendpoot een kuikentje vangt.
Het is een vrij merkwaardige samenstelling voor een duizendpoot. “Het vertegenwoordigt een ongewoon hoog percentage gewervelde dieren in het dieet van een ongewervelde,” constateert Halpin. “We laten zien hoe roofzuchtige geleedpotigen druk uitoefenen op gewervelde populaties.”
Top van voedselketen Maar dat is niet eens het enige. Aangezien geen enkel roofdier op het eiland het op de duizendpoot heeft voorzien, zijn deze langbenige monstertjes de onbetwiste toproofdieren op Philip-eiland. Ze bevinden zich wonderbaarlijk genoeg aan de top van de voedselketen.
Sleutelrol Hoe maf het ook klinkt, volgens de onderzoekers is de vraatzuchtige eetlust van de duizendpoten eigenlijk van vitaal belang voor het ecosysteem op het eiland. Dat komt omdat ze belangrijke voedingsstoffen uit de zee (die de zeevogels meenemen) naar het land brengen. Volgens onderzoeker Rohan Clarke spelen de gigantische duizendpoten dan ook een sleutelrol in de vormgeving van het natuurlijke systeem. “Het benadrukt echt de complexiteit van de natuur,” aldus de Clarke.
De duizendpoten houden dus de dynamiek van het ecosysteem op het eiland in balans. En daar kunnen wij ook een belangrijke les uit trekken. “Het laat zien hoe belangrijk het is om de resterende natuurlijke gebieden te behouden,” benadrukt Clarke. “Op die manier kunnen we voorkomen dat complexe interacties zoals deze – die uiteindelijk het leven op aarde ondersteunen – verder worden verstoord.”
Russia has been testing vehicles, weapons, and spacecraft at the Kapustin Yar development site for 75 years but there are rumors and theories about much more complicated projects and secrets that have remained hidden from the public.
Have you ever wondered what might be hiding behind the walls of Area 51 or perhaps – beneath it? Everyone has heard the stories about UFO wreckages, advanced alien and military technologies, and extremely classified projects of all kinds. But did you know that Russia also has a similar facility that has become subject to numerous theories and conspiracies – the Kapustin Yar rocket launch and development site?
Everything you need to know about the Kapustin Yar test site
1. Name and construction
The current official name of the Kapustin Yar test site is the 4th State Central Interspecific Test Site of the Russian Federation (4 GTSMP). Codename: military unit 15644. The idea of creating a new test site for testing the first Soviet ballistic missiles came on May 13, 1946. Construction began a year later, and another year later, the first ballistic missile was launched in the USSR.
2. The cradle of Soviet cosmonautics
The Kapustin Yar test site is rightfully considered the “cradle of Soviet cosmonautics”, since on July 22, 1951, the R-1V carrier rocket brought the dogs of Dezik and Tsygan to the upper atmosphere and returned them to earth alive. It was the first successful flight of animals into space, but for 40 years the story was classified due to the numerous unsuccessful flights before that.
3. Nuclear tests
It makes no sense to list the entire track record of the Kapustin Yar test site, but it is worth noting separately that, according to open data, starting from the 1950s, at least 11 nuclear explosions were carried out at the test site, in addition to all other launches.
4. Military research and test center
Seventy-five years after it was founded, Kapustin Yar remains one of the most important test sites in Russia. Every year, about two dozen of the latest models of Russian weapons and military equipment are tested here in the interests of the Strategic Missile Forces, Aerospace Forces, Ground Forces, and the Navy. In 2020 alone, there were more than 200 official tests of weapons systems and prototypes.
Map of the Kapustin Yar test and launch area. Credit: GlobalSecurity.org
5. Storage of UFO wreckages?
The whole world knows about the Roswell UFO crash in 1947 but why is Kapustin Yar often called the Russian Area 51? As with any large and confidential military base, there are rumors that there is a hidden underground facility used to keep UFO wreckages and more.
6. A top-secret underground base
Rumors tell about a top-secret base, which was located right on the territory of the guarded landfill, at a depth of 400 meters underground. These claims were formed on the basis of American spy plane photographs, satellite images from space, and CIA reports.
7. Alien technology
Various theories, some even included in TV shows like Ancient Aliens, claim that the underground hangars of Kapustin Yar keep the remains of at least five alien aircraft. It is said that the Russians had access to advanced alien technologies that gave them the advantage over the United States in the field of space exploration decades ago. But of course, these are common theories and nothing more.
8. Unidentified flying objects in Kapustin Yar
It often seems like the most mysterious UFO incidents happen around military and nuclear facilities around the world. Kapustin Yar was no different. The most famous case occurred on June 19, 1948, when a silver cigarette-like object appeared above the base. Several military planes were sent to intercept the object. One of them likened the “flying cigarette” to a rocket, but the UFO managed to emit a bright beam that blinded the pilot. It is said that both the plane and the UFO crashed and the wreckages were taken to the underground hangars before they could attract attention.
9. Another famous UFO incident
The resigned test pilot Lev Vyatkin had a similar case. According to him, in the summer of 1980, his plane collided with an aircraft emitting a “hard beam”. The pilot managed to land successfully, but the wing, touched by the beam, continued to glow for several more hours.
10. Location of the “top secret base”
Crimean ufologist and contactor Anton Anfalov, who claims to have received information from a reliable source, says that the “top secret base” is not in Kapustin Yar, but in the area of the neighboring town of Zhitkur. In fact, there was once a city there that was liquidated in the 1950s because of its proximity to the “special site.” The inhabitants were displaced in different parts of the country.
In 1996–1997, Anfalov made a map of Zhitkur with instructions on the location of all sites and drew diagrams of their devices. Other ufologists that became interested after his claims were unable to find the locations when they attempted to enter the grounds.
All in all, the Russian Area 51 remains in question for the time being. It is easy to believe that such an important facility could have been home to classified projects in the past. It probably is to this day.
The Russians have done a much better job at protecting their secrets than the Americans, for instance. It is highly unlikely that anything UFO-related will ever be confessed.
Pike, J. (n.d.). Kapustin Yar – Testing. Kapustin Yar Launch Facilities – Russia and Space Transportation Systems.
Pike, J. (n.d.). Kapustin Yar. Kapustin Yar – Russian and Soviet Nuclear Forces.
Pike, J. (n.d.). Overview, Supporting Facilities and Launch Vehicles of the Soviet Space Program. Kapustin Yar Launch Facilities – Russia and Space Transportation Systems.
Footprints that date back about 200 million years were discovered in India’s Thar Desert and were made by three different dinosaurs. The prints, which were found in Rajasthan’s Jaisalmer district close to Thaiat village, were made in the sediment of the seashore to the Tethys Ocean. This proves that the three-toed carnivorous dinosaurs did in fact inhabit the western part of the state millions of years ago during the Mesozoic Era.
The three dinosaur species that made the footprints were Eubrontes cf. giganteus, Eubrontes glenrosensis, and Grallator tenuis. The prints belonging to the Eubrontes cf. giganteus and Eubrontes glenrosensis species measured 35 centimeters (13.8 inches), while the one made by the Grallator tenuis was only 5.5 centimeters (2.2 inches).
(Not any of the dinosaurs mentioned in this article.)
In an interview with The Hindu, Virendra Singh Parihar, Assistant Professor, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, stated that the three species were all types of theropods. Theropods were bipedal dinosaurs and the ancient ancestors of more than 9,000 of today’s birds. In fact, they were quite similar to modern birds as they had three toes and air-filled hollow bones. Some theropods had feathers and even built nests for their eggs. They were fast and agile which helped them to hunt.
Both of the Eubrontes species were believed to have measured between 12 and 15 meters in length (39 to 49 feet) and weighed between 500 and 700 kilograms (1,102 to 1,543 pounds). The Grallator tenuis, however, was much smaller and about the same height as a really tall human, measuring about two meters tall (6.6 feet) and three meters in length (9.8 feet).
The climate in the region where the dinosaur prints were found was different millions of years ago. Geochemical analysis revealed that the environment in which the dinosaurs lived in was seasonal to semi-arid (this means that it was dry but they did receive some rain) and the researchers also believe that the sea levels changed numerous times during the early part of the Jurassic Period (this was around the same time that the prints were made).
(Not any of the dinosaurs mentioned in this article.)
This is hopefully just the first of many more dinosaur-related discoveries in the region as stated by Dr. Parihar, “It is just the beginning of the findings of dinosaur remains in Rajasthan. More discoveries of dinosaur fossils will be made in the near future.” I look forward to seeing what more they will find.
Terrifying Encounters of Bigfoot Have Been Documented in Ancient Cultures Around the World via the 5th Kind
Terrifying Encounters of Bigfoot Have Been Documented in Ancient Cultures Around the World via the 5th Kind
Terrifying Encounters Of Bigfoot Have Been Documented in Ancient Cultures Around The World via the 5th Kind
Shocking Encounters with this humanoid have been documented in many ancient cultures all across the world. In Australia we hear of encounters with The Yowie. In China the Yeren. The Moehau in New Zealand, the Almaste in Russia, Bigfoot / SASQUATCH in north America & Canada.
What do you think? Let us know in the comments. Hope everyone has a great weekend.
"I have seen shooting stars before and what appears to be other lights moving very fast but never something like this," one UFO watcher reported. (Shutterstock)
CONNECTICUT — There is no greater testimony to our COVID-19 obsession than the collective shrug society has given to the government's admission that UFOs are real.
The Pentagon admitted UFOs were an actual thing, back in May. For decades the military had spun tales of misdirection and weather balloons, throwing shade on professional ufologists and even some of their own servicemen. Then, former President Donald Trump made pandemic relief funds contingent upon the intelligence community opening its UFO kimono, and the science fiction became science speculation.
You would have thought there would at least have been a new podcast or Netflix series on the topic.
Fortunately, sky watchers in Connecticut have overcome the UFO ennui gripping the rest of the nation and remained vigilant, continuing to upload reports of their extraterrestrial encounters into the National UFO Reporting Center. So far in 2021, there have been 35 UFO sightings in the Nutmeg State, and 10 since May.
One of the hallmarks of UFO flight, and the one that has our Navy pilots most envious, is their apparent ability to turn on a dime. That speed is one thing, but the way they move so fast then turn so abruptly without leaving half their craft shredded behind them has our earthbound aerospace engineers scratching their heads.
A Westport resident observed the phenomenon first hand. On May 2, the sky watcher, with a group of six others, saw what at first appeared to be a plane-like object, yellowish-orange in color, moving in the sky near the second star of the Big Dipper handle at roughly commercial airplane altitude.
"But then, a few seconds later, what caught my eye was that this object performed a sudden - albeit slight - turn in direction (no more than 30 degrees). It wasn't a gradual, arc-like turn but rather a pretty sudden turn on a point in the sky. A couple seconds later, it repeated a similar turn on another point in the sky. 4-5 such turns were made within the span of 15-20 seconds so that after that time the object had completely changed its direction and was now heading upwards in the sky."
A similar yellowish-orange object appeared about five minutes later, moving erratically in a different direction and disappearing after around 45 seconds, according to the entry in the NURC database.
A Southbury woman who identified herself as a former drafter and designer clearly had the kind of eye professional ufologists appreciate in these reports. She did everything short of draw a picture of the UFO that swept across her yard close to 11:30 p.m. on May 25:
"It appears to be lights in a circular or oval shape and looks transparent. The top row of lights are white; the lower rows are bluish with one or two white lights in the lowest row. It looks almost like a projection. You can also see a reflection on the paved driveway below the image. The object was moving quickly and headed directly toward our garage then appears to twist and rise when it gets to the garage as if it's going to go over it. Other than crickets, I hear no other sound."
Do UFO Drivers Watch ESPN?
Maybe it's those enormous satellite dishes spitting out high energy protons behind the ESPN building — or maybe the space aliens are just fans of Terran sports — but Bristol gets more than its share of UFO reports. A driver in the area around Bristol a little after midnight on June 3, reported a flash of blue and red lights shine in the sky "falling in a sideways /downward angle" before vanishing.
"In order for it to have flashed blue and red so quickly in my opinion it was a flying saucer which appeared to be rotating therefore that is why it was blue and red ... It appeared to only be one aircraft but it was for sure traveling faster than any aircraft I have ever seen and the fact that it just disappeared is even more suspicious. It didn't look too far in the sky rather it appeared somewhat close..."
Like the Bristol encounters, most of the UFO sightings in the NURC database, above Connecticut and elsewhere, are brief — the alien craft have places to be, after all. But one sighting recently over Wilton lasted so long it made us wonder if Netflix wasn't filming that new series after all.
For 20 minutes around 10 p.m. on June 27, a resident reported a series of three objects moving northward across the sky. The UFOs were of different altitudes and brightness, and one even "blocked out the stars above it," according to the observer.
"I have seen shooting stars before and what appears to be other lights moving very fast but never something like this," he noted in his post.
A similar light show played out over Sharon around 1 a.m. on May 19, and lasted even longer, according to another NURC entry. This time, the objects moved "unnaturally quickly... swerving back and forth."
"Another notable thing is that occasionally a light would flash beside the UFO to my left (approximately northwest) - this happened about five times in the course of the hour. It looked like a slight dimmer star, would light up momentarily, and disappear. At first, to me, it looked like a battle (I was raised on Star Wars) but it later seemed to be a part of a propulsion system, as the UFO would accelerate after the lesser star... "
Finally, in Taftville in August, a resident may have been getting just a little bit too close to the Truth which is Out There, so the aliens erased his phone. He reported his experience in the NURC database:
"I saw many unexplainable lights and activity over a span of a couple weeks. This particular video was of 5 lights that appeared round moving slowly and flashing then taking off quickly. I have videos of other interesting movements and flashing from that same time period. My cell phone acted very glitchy for about a week and actually deleted some of my recordings on its own. Also when u sent the videos to friends no images would show on their end but we're still visible on my phone."
The blogger claimed that the supposed UFO "must have come from or was heading toward the mouth of the volcano", and that UFOs "frequently use the mouth of volcanos to enter their underground alien bases".
A strange-looking shape in the sky that might or might not have been a UFO has been caught on camera near a construction site in Costa Rica, according to Scott C Waring, a blogger with a penchant for UFO-related reports.
As Waring explained in his blog, no specifics were provided regarding the video, save for a comment about it offering a view from "Carpintera (San Rafael, Provincia de Cartago) looking toward the Irazú volcano."
"Now the eyewitness only noticed one UFO. However, I can easily see two UFOs in the video. I believe the smaller object is an alien drone from the larger white disk in the distance," he wrote. "The UFO must have come from or was heading toward the mouth of the volcano."
He further alleged that "UFOs frequently use the mouth of volcanos to enter their underground alien bases... to deter humans from witnessing the UFOs exiting and entering and even prevent people from accidentally stumbling upon the entrance."
"I myself have witnessed a small orb which looked similar to the white orb. It was the size of a softball, but when it came closer...it was semitransparent with pearlescent colours moving slowly over the surface," Waring reported. "Because of that experience a few years ago...I know this sighting to be 100 percent real and significant to UFO research everywhere."
In 2016, a peculiar pyramid-shaped UFO was witnessed over the Welsh village of Pentyrch. What is claimed to have followed was shocking: military intervention resulting in the alien spacecraft crashing into woodland on the outskirts of Llantrisant, Wales. In the years since this happening, information related to the Pentyrch UFO Incident has been suppressed, leading some to believe it to be one of the greatest UFO mysteries of all time.
UFOs regularly spotted in restricted U.S. airspace
UFOs regularly spotted in restricted U.S. airspace
Bill Whitaker reports on the regular sightings of unidentified aerial phenomena, or UAP.
CORRESPONDENT Bill Whitaker
Earlier this summer, the director of national intelligence and secretary of defense released a highly-anticipated, unclassified report about something the Pentagon calls unidentified aerial phenomena—or UAP—more commonly known as UFOs. The government's grudging acknowledgment of 144 mysterious sightings documented by our military comes after decades of public denial. But as we first reported in May, whatever is trespassing in our skies and seas poses a serious safety risk to our servicemen and women, as well as our national security.
Bill Whitaker: So what you are telling me is that UFOs, unidentified flying objects, are real?
Lue Elizondo: Bill, I think we're beyond that already. The government has already stated for the record that they're real. I'm not telling you that. The United States government is telling you that.
Luis Elizondo spent 20 years running military intelligence operations worldwide: in Afghanistan, the Middle East and Guantanamo. He hadn't given UFOs a second thought until 2008. That's when he was asked to join something at the Pentagon called the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program, or "AATIP."
Lue Elizondo
Lue Elizondo:The mission of AATIP was quite simple. It was to collect and analyze information involving anomalous aerial vehicles, what I guess in the vernacular you call them UFOs. We call them UAPs.
Bill Whitaker: You know how this sounds? It sounds nutty, wacky.
Lue Elizondo: Look, Bill, I'm not, I'm not telling you that, that it doesn't sound wacky. What I'm telling you, it's real. The question is, what is it? What are its intentions? What are its capabilities?
Buried away in the Pentagon, AATIP was part of a $22 million program sponsored by then-Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid to investigate UFOs. When Elizondo took over in 2010 he focused on the national security implications of unidentified aerial phenomena documented by U.S. service members.
Lue Elizondo:Imagine a technology that can do 6-to-700 g-forces, that can fly at 13,000 miles an hour, that can evade radar and that can fly through air and water and possibly space. And oh, by the way, has no obvious signs of propulsion, no wings, no control surfaces and yet still can defy the natural effects of Earth's gravity. That's precisely what we're seeing.
Elizondo tells us AATIP was a loose-knit mix of scientists, electro-optical engineers, avionics and intelligence experts, often working part time. They combed through data and records, and analyzed videos like this.
A Navy aircrew struggles to lock onto a fast-moving object off the U.S. Atlantic Coast in 2015.
Recently released images may not convince ufo skeptics, but the pentagon admits it doesn't know what in the world this is or this or this.
Bill Whitaker: So what do you say to the skeptics? It's refracted light. Weather balloons. A rocket being launched. Venus.
Lue Elizondo:In some cases there are simple explanations for what people are witnessing. But there are some that, that are not. We're not just simply jumping to a conclusion that's saying, "Oh, that's a UAP out there." We're going through our due diligence. Is it some sort of new type of cruise missile technology that China has developed? Is it some sort of high-altitude balloon that's conducting reconnaissance? Ultimately when you have exhausted all those what ifs and you're still left with the fact that this is in our airspace and it's real, that's when it becomes compelling, and that's when it becomes problematic.
Former Navy pilot Lieutenant Ryan Graves calls whatever is out there a security risk. He told us his F/A-18F squadron began seeing UAPs hovering over restricted airspace southeast of Virginia Beach in 2014 when they updated their jet's radar, making it possible to zero in with infrared targeting cameras.
Ryan Graves
Bill Whitaker: So you're seeing it both with the radar and with the infrared. And that tells you that there is something out there?
Ryan Graves: Pretty hard to spoof that.
These photographs were taken in 2019 in the same area. The Pentagon confirms these are images of objects it can't identify. Lieutenant Graves told us pilots training off the Atlantic Coast see things like that all the time.
Ryan Graves: Every day. Every day for at least a couple years.
Bill Whitaker: Wait a minute, every day for a couple of years?
Ryan Graves: Uh-huh.
Ryan Graves: I don't see an exhaust plume.
Including this one – off the coast of Jacksonville, Florida in 2015, captured on a targeting camera by members of Graves' squadron.
Soundbites from pilots: Look at that thing, it's rotating! My gosh! They're all going against the wind, the wind's 120 knots to the west. Look at that thing dude!
Bill Whitaker: You can sorta hear the surprise in their voices.
Ryan Graves: You certainly can. They seem to have broke character a bit and were just kind of amazed at what they were seeing.
Bill Whitaker: What do you think when you see something like this?
Ryan Graves: This is a difficult one to explain. You have rotation, you have high altitudes. You have propulsion, right? I don't know. I don't know what it is, frankly.
He told us pilots speculate they are one of three things: secret U.S. technology, an adversary's spy vehicle, or something otherworldly.
Ryan Graves: I would say, you know, the highest probability is it's a threat observation program.
Bill Whitaker: Could it be Russian or Chinese technology?
Ryan Graves: I don't see why not.
Bill Whitaker: Are you alarmed?
Ryan Graves: I am worried, frankly. You know, if these were tactical jets from another country that were hangin' out up there, it would be a massive issue. But because it looks slightly different, we're not willing to actually look at the problem in the face. We're happy to just ignore the fact that these are out there, watching us every day.
The government has ignored it - at least publicly - since closing its project "Blue Book" investigation in 1969. But that began to change after an incident off Southern California in 2004, which was documented by radar, by camera, and four naval aviators. We spoke to two of them: David Fravor, a graduate of the Top Gun naval flight school and commander of the F/A-18F squadron on the USS Nimitz; and flying at his wing, Lieutenant Alex Dietrich, who has never spoken publicly about the encounter.
Alex Dietrich and Dave Fravor
Alex Dietrich: I never wanted to be on national TV, no offense.
Bill Whitaker: So why are you doing this?
Alex Dietrich: Because I was in a government aircraft, because I was on the clock. And so I feel a responsibility to s-- to share what I can. And it is unclassified.
It was November 2004 and the USS Nimitz carrier strike group was training about 100 miles southwest of San Diego. For a week, the advanced new radar on a nearby ship, the USS Princeton, had detected what operators called "multiple anomalous aerial vehicles" over the horizon, descending 80,000 feet in less than a second. On November 14, Fravor and Dietrich, each with a weapons systems officer in the backseat, were diverted to investigate. They found an area of roiling whitewater the size of a 737 in an otherwise calm, blue sea.
Dave Fravor:So as we're looking at this, her back-seater says, "Hey, Skipper, do you..." And about that got out, I said, "Dude, do you, do you see that thing down there?" And we saw this little white Tic Tac-looking object. And it's just kind of moving above the whitewater area.
As Deitrich circled above - Fravor went in for a closer look.
Bill Whitaker: So you're sort of spiraling down?
Dave Fravor: Yep. The Tic Tac's still pointing north-south, it goes, click, and just turns abruptly. And starts mirroring me. So as I'm coming down, it starts coming up.
Bill Whitaker: So it's mimicking your moves?
Dave Fravor: Yeah, it was aware we were there.
He said it was about the size of his F/A-18F, with no markings, no wings, no exhaust plumes.
Dave Fravor: I want to see how close I can get. So I go like this. And it's climbing still. And when it gets right in front of me, it just disappears.
Bill Whitaker: Disappears?
Dave Fravor: Disappears. Like, gone.
It had sped off.
Bill Whitaker: What are you thinking?
Alex Dietrich:So your mind tries to make sense of it. I'm gonna categorize this as maybe a helicopter or maybe a drone. And when it disappeared. I mean it was just…
Bill Whitaker: Did your back-seaters see this too?
Alex Dietrich: Yeah.
Dave Fravor: Oh yeah. There was four of us in the airplanes literally watching this thing for roughly about five minutes.
Seconds later, the Princeton reacquired the target. 60 miles away. Another crew managed to briefly lock onto it with a targeting camera before it zipped off again.
Alex Dietrich: You know, I think that over beers, we've sort of said, "Hey man, if I saw this solo, I don't know that I would have come back and said anything," because it sounds so crazy when I say it.
Bill Whitaker: You understand that reaction?
Dave Fravor: I do. I've had some people tell me, you know, "When you say that, you can sound crazy." I'll be hon-- I'm not a UFO guy.
Bill Whitaker: But from what I hear you guys saying, there's something?
Alex Dietrich: Yes.
Dave Fravor: Oh there's, there's definitely something that… I don't know who's building it, who's got the technology, who's got the brains. But there's, there's something out there that was better than our airplane.
The aircrew filed reports. Then like the mysterious flying object, the Nimitz encounter disappeared. Nothing was said or done officially for five years, until Lue Elizondo came across the story and investigated.
Lue Elizondo: We spend millions of dollars in training these pilots. And they are seeing something that they can't explain. Furthermore, that informations being backed up on electro optical data, like gun camera footage. And by radar data. Now, to me, that's compelling.
Chris Mellon
Inside the Pentagon his findings were met with skepticism. AATIP's funding was eliminated in 2012, but Elizondo says he and a handful of others kept the mission alive until finally, frustrated, he quit the Pentagon in 2017, but not before getting these three videos declassified and then things took a stranger turn.
Chris Mellon: I tried to help my colleague, Lue Elizondo, elevate the issue in the department and actually get it to the Secretary of Defense.
Christopher Mellon served as deputy assistant secretary of defense for intelligence for Presidents Clinton and George W. Bush and had access to top secret government programs.
Chris Mellon: So it's not us, that's one thing we know.
Bill Whitaker: We know that?
Chris Mellon: I can say that with a very high degree of confidence in part because of the positions I held in the department, and I know the process.
Mellon says he grew concerned nothing was being done about UAPs, so he decided to do something. In 2017, as a private citizen, he surreptitiously acquired the three Navy videos Elizondo had declassified and leaked them to the New York Times.
Chris Mellon: It's bizarre and unfortunate that someone like myself has to do something like that to get a national security issue like this on the agenda.
He joined forces with now civilian Lue Elizondo and they started to tell their story to anybody who would listen: to newspapers, the History Channel, to members of Congress.
Chris Mellon: We knew and understood that you had to go to the public, get the public interested to get Congress interested, to then circle back to the Defense Department and get them to start taking a look at it.
And now it is. Last year, the Pentagon resurrected AATIP, it's now called the UAP task force; service members now are encouraged to report strange encounters; and the Senate wants answers.
Marco Rubio: Anything that enters an airspace that's not supposed to be there is a threat.
After receiving classified briefings on UAPs, Senator Marco Rubio called for a detailed analysis. This past December, while he was still head of the intelligence committee, he asked the director of national intelligence and the Pentagon to present Congress an unclassified report.
Bill Whitaker: This is a bizarre issue. The Pentagon and other branches of the military have a long history of sort of dismissing this. What makes you think that this time's gonna be different?
Marco Rubio: We're gonna find out when we get that report. You know, there's a stigma on Capitol Hill. I mean, some of my colleagues are very interested in this topic and some kinda, you know, giggle when you bring it up. But I don't think we can allow the stigma to keep us from having an answer to a very fundamental question.
Bill Whitaker: What do you want us to do about this?
Marco Rubio: I want us to take it seriously and have a process to take it seriously. I want us to have a process to analyze the data every time it comes in. That there be a place where this is cataloged and constantly analyzed, until we get some answers. Maybe it has a very simple answer. Maybe it doesn't.
A few weeks after our story aired, the director of national intelligence released an unclassified report saying UAP probably lack a single explanation, but that some "appear to demonstrate advanced technology," meriting "further analysis."
Produced by Graham Messick. Associate producer, Jack Weingart. Broadcast associate, Emilio Almonte. Edited by Craig Crawford.
For millennia, humanity has observed the changing phases of the Moon. The rise and fall of sunlight reflected off the Moon, as it presents its different faces to us, is known as a "phase curve". Measuring phase curves of the Moon and Solar System planets is an ancient branch of astronomy that goes back at least a century. The shapes of these phase curves encode information on the surfaces and atmospheres of these celestial bodies. In modern times, astronomers have measured the phase curves of exoplanets using space telescopes such as Hubble, Spitzer, TESS and CHEOPS. These observations are compared with theoretical predictions. In order to do so, one needs a way of calculating these phase curves. It involves seeking a solution to a difficult mathematical problem concerning the physics of radiation.
Approaches for the calculation of phase curves have existed since the 18th century. The oldest of these solutions goes back to the Swiss mathematician, physicist and astronomer, Johann Heinrich Lambert, who lived in the 18th century. "Lambert's law of reflection" is attributed to him. The problem of calculating reflected light from Solar System planets was posed by the American astronomer Henry Norris Russell in an influential 1916 paper. Another well-known 1981 solution is attributed to the American lunar scientist Bruce Hapke, who built on the classic work of the Indian-American Nobel laureate Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar in 1960. Hapke pioneered the study of the Moon using mathematical solutions of phase curves. The Soviet physicist Viktor Sobolev also made important contributions to the study of reflected light from celestial bodies in his influential 1975 textbook. Inspired by the work of these scientists, theoretical astrophysicist Kevin Heng of the Center for Space and Habitability CSH at the University of Bern has discovered an entire family of new mathematical solutions for calculating phase curves. The paper, authored by Kevin Heng in collaboration with Brett Morris from the National Center of Competence in Research NCCR PlanetS—which the University of Bern manages together with the University of Geneva—and Daniel Kitzmann from the CSH, has just been published in Nature Astronomy.
Generally applicable solutions
"I was fortunate that this rich body of work had already been done by these great scientists. Hapke had discovered a simpler way to write down the classic solution of Chandrasekhar, who famously solved the radiative transfer equation for isotropic scattering. Sobolev had realised that one can study the problem in at least two mathematical coordinate systems." Sara Seager brought the problem to Heng's attention by her summary of it in her 2010 textbook.
By combining these insights, Heng was able to write down mathematical solutions for the strength of reflection (the albedo) and the shape of the phase curve, both completely on paper and without resorting to a computer. "The ground-breaking aspect of these solutions is that they are valid for any law of reflection, which means they can be used in very general ways. The defining moment came for me when I compared these pen-and-paper calculations to what other researchers had done using computer calculations. I was blown away by how well they matched," said Heng.
Successful analysis of the phase curve of Jupiter
"What excites me is not just the discovery of new theory, but also its major implications for interpreting data", says Heng. For example, the Cassini spacecraft measured phase curves of Jupiter in the early 2000s, but an in-depth analysis of the data had not previously been done, probably because the calculations were too computationally expensive. With this new family of solutions, Heng was able to analyze the Cassini phase curves and infer that the atmosphere of Jupiter is filled with clouds made up of large, irregular particles of different sizes. This parallel study has just been published by the Astrophysical Journal Letters, in collaboration with Cassini data expert and planetary scientist Liming Li of Houston University in Texas, U.S.A.
Credit: University of Bern
New possibilities for the analysis of data from space telescopes
"The ability to write down mathematical solutions for phase curves of reflected light on paper means that one can use them to analyze data in seconds," said Heng. It opens up new ways of interpreting data that were previously infeasible. Heng is collaborating with Pierre Auclair-Desrotour (formerly CSH, currently at Paris Observatory) to further generalize these mathematical solutions. "Pierre Auclair-Desrotour is a more talented applied mathematician than I am, and we promise exciting results in the near future," said Heng.
In the Nature Astronomy paper, Heng and his co-authors demonstrated a novel way of analyzing the phase curve of the exoplanet Kepler-7b from the Kepler space telescope. Brett Morris led the data analysis part of the paper. "Brett Morris leads the data analysis for the CHEOPS mission in my research group, and his modern data science approach was critical for successfully applying the mathematical solutions to real data," explained Heng. They are currently collaborating with scientists from the American-led TESS space telescope to analyze TESS phase curve data. Heng envisions that these new solutions will lead to novel ways of analyzing phase curve data from the upcoming, 10-billion-dollar James Webb Space Telescope, which is due to launch later in 2021. "What excites me most of all is that these mathematical solutions will remain valid long after I am gone, and will probably make their way into standard textbooks," said Heng.
Astronomers Use “X-Ray Magnifying Glass” To Enhance View of Distant Black Holes
Astronomers Use “X-Ray Magnifying Glass” To Enhance View of Distant Black Holes
Astronomers have used gravitational lensing to obtain an unprecedented look at a black hole system in the early Universe. An artist’s illustration shows how the X-ray light from one of the objects on the left (purple) has been warped by the gravity of an intervening galaxy to produce two sources detected in the Chandra image (dashed square on the right). The light from the fainter object (blue) has been amplified by the galaxy to be as much as 300 times brighter than it would have been without the lensing. The Chandra X-ray image is also shown in the second figure. The two objects are either two growing supermassive black holes, or one black hole and a jet.
Credit: NASA/CXC/M. Weiss; X-ray (inset): NASA/CXC/SAO/D. Schwartz et al.
Astronomers have used an “X-ray magnifying glass” to study a black hole system in the early Universe.
The amplification and magnification of light by an intervening galaxy allowed the detection of two distant X-ray-emitting objects.
The objects are either two growing supermassive black holes, or one such black hole and a jet.
This result helps us understand the growth of black holes in the early Universe and the possible existence of systems with multiple black holes.
A new technique using NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory has allowed astronomers to obtain an unprecedented look at a black hole system in the early Universe. This is providing a way for astronomers to look at faint and distant X-ray objects in more detail than had previously been possible.
Astronomers used an alignment in space that shows “gravitational lensing” of light from two objects that are nearly 12 billion light years away. An artist’s illustration in the main part of this graphic shows how the paths of light from these distant objects are bent and amplified by a galaxy along the line of sight between Earth and the objects.
The objects in this latest Chandra study are part of a system called MG B2016+112. The X-rays detected by Chandra were emitted by this system when the Universe was only 2 billion years old compared to its current age of nearly 14 billion years.
Credit: NASA/CXC/M. Weiss; X-ray (inset): NASA/CXC/SAO/D. Schwartz et al.
Previous studies of radio emission from MG B2016+112 suggested that the system consisted of two separate supermassive black holes, each of which may also be producing a jet. Using a gravitational lensing model based on the radio data, Schwartz and his colleagues concluded that the three X-ray sources they detected from the MG B2016+112 system must have resulted from the lensing of two distinct objects.
The X-ray light from one of the objects on the left (purple) has been warped by the gravity of the intervening galaxy to produce two beams and X-ray sources (“A” and “B” in a labeled version) detected in the Chandra image, which is represented by the dashed square on the right. The X-ray light from the fainter object (blue) produces an X-ray source (“C”) that has been amplified by the galaxy to be as much as 300 times brighter than it would have been without the lensing. The Chandra image is shown in the inset.
These two X-ray-emitting objects are likely a pair of growing supermassive black holes or a growing supermassive black hole and a jet. Previous Chandra measurements of pairs or trios of growing supermassive black holes have generally involved objects much closer to Earth, or with much larger separations between the objects.
A paper describing these results appears in The Astrophysical Journal. The authors of the study are Dan Schwartz (Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian), Cristiana Spignola (INAF), and Anna Barnacka (CfA).
Reference: “Resolving Complex Inner X-Ray Structure of the Gravitationally Lensed AGN MG B2016+112” by Daniel Schwartz, Cristiana Spingola and Anna Barnacka, 11 August 2021, The Astrophysical Journal. DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0909
NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center manages the Chandra program. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory’s Chandra X-ray Center controls science from Cambridge, Massachusetts, and flight operations from Burlington, Massachusetts.
Astronomers Use “X-Ray Magnifying Glass” To Enhance View of Distant Black Holes
Astronomers Use “X-Ray Magnifying Glass” To Enhance View of Distant Black Holes
Astronomers have used gravitational lensing to obtain an unprecedented look at a black hole system in the early Universe. An artist’s illustration shows how the X-ray light from one of the objects on the left (purple) has been warped by the gravity of an intervening galaxy to produce two sources detected in the Chandra image (dashed square on the right). The light from the fainter object (blue) has been amplified by the galaxy to be as much as 300 times brighter than it would have been without the lensing. The Chandra X-ray image is also shown in the second figure. The two objects are either two growing supermassive black holes, or one black hole and a jet.
Credit: NASA/CXC/M. Weiss; X-ray (inset): NASA/CXC/SAO/D. Schwartz et al.
Astronomers have used an “X-ray magnifying glass” to study a black hole system in the early Universe.
The amplification and magnification of light by an intervening galaxy allowed the detection of two distant X-ray-emitting objects.
The objects are either two growing supermassive black holes, or one such black hole and a jet.
This result helps us understand the growth of black holes in the early Universe and the possible existence of systems with multiple black holes.
A new technique using NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory has allowed astronomers to obtain an unprecedented look at a black hole system in the early Universe. This is providing a way for astronomers to look at faint and distant X-ray objects in more detail than had previously been possible.
Astronomers used an alignment in space that shows “gravitational lensing” of light from two objects that are nearly 12 billion light years away. An artist’s illustration in the main part of this graphic shows how the paths of light from these distant objects are bent and amplified by a galaxy along the line of sight between Earth and the objects.
The objects in this latest Chandra study are part of a system called MG B2016+112. The X-rays detected by Chandra were emitted by this system when the Universe was only 2 billion years old compared to its current age of nearly 14 billion years.
Credit: NASA/CXC/M. Weiss; X-ray (inset): NASA/CXC/SAO/D. Schwartz et al.
Previous studies of radio emission from MG B2016+112 suggested that the system consisted of two separate supermassive black holes, each of which may also be producing a jet. Using a gravitational lensing model based on the radio data, Schwartz and his colleagues concluded that the three X-ray sources they detected from the MG B2016+112 system must have resulted from the lensing of two distinct objects.
The X-ray light from one of the objects on the left (purple) has been warped by the gravity of the intervening galaxy to produce two beams and X-ray sources (“A” and “B” in a labeled version) detected in the Chandra image, which is represented by the dashed square on the right. The X-ray light from the fainter object (blue) produces an X-ray source (“C”) that has been amplified by the galaxy to be as much as 300 times brighter than it would have been without the lensing. The Chandra image is shown in the inset.
These two X-ray-emitting objects are likely a pair of growing supermassive black holes or a growing supermassive black hole and a jet. Previous Chandra measurements of pairs or trios of growing supermassive black holes have generally involved objects much closer to Earth, or with much larger separations between the objects.
A paper describing these results appears in The Astrophysical Journal. The authors of the study are Dan Schwartz (Center for Astrophysics | Harvard and Smithsonian), Cristiana Spignola (INAF), and Anna Barnacka (CfA).
Reference: “Resolving Complex Inner X-Ray Structure of the Gravitationally Lensed AGN MG B2016+112” by Daniel Schwartz, Cristiana Spingola and Anna Barnacka, 11 August 2021, The Astrophysical Journal. DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0909
NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center manages the Chandra program. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory’s Chandra X-ray Center controls science from Cambridge, Massachusetts, and flight operations from Burlington, Massachusetts.
After Six Months On Mars, NASA's Tiny Helicopter Is Still Flying High
After Six Months On Mars, NASA's Tiny Helicopter Is Still Flying High
On April 19, Ingenuity carried out its maiden flight, making history as the first motorized craft to fly on another planet.
The tiny helicopter has become the regular travel companion of the rover Perseverance.
Washington, United States:
It was only supposed to fly five times. And yet NASA's helicopter on Mars, Ingenuity, has completed 12 flights and it isn't ready to retire.
Given its stunning and unexpected success, the US space agency has extended Ingenuity's mission indefinitely.
The tiny helicopter has become the regular travel companion of the rover Perseverance, whose core mission is to seek signs of ancient life on Mars.
"Everything is working so well," said Josh Ravich, the head of Ingenuity's mechanical engineering team. "We're doing better on the surface than we had expected."
Hundreds of people contributed to the project, though only about a dozen currently retain day-to-day roles.
Ravich joined the team five years ago.
"When I got the opportunity to come work on the helicopter project, I think I had the same reaction as anybody else: 'Is that even possible?'"
His initial doubts were understandable: The air on Mars has a density equivalent to only one percent that of Earth's atmosphere. By way of comparison, flying a helicopter on Mars would be like flying one in the thin air nearly 20 miles (30 kilometers) above Earth.
Nor was it easy getting to Mars in the first place. Ingenuity had to withstand the initial shock of takeoff from Earth, and then of the February 18 landing on the red planet following a seven-month voyage through space, strapped to the rover's belly.
Once in its new surroundings, the tiny (four pound, or 1.8 kilogram) copter has had to survive the glacial cold of Martian nights, drawing warmth from the solar panels that charge its batteries during the day. And its flights are guided using an array of sensors, since the 15-minute lag in communications from Earth makes real-time guidance impossible.
Scouting duties
On April 19, Ingenuity carried out its maiden flight, making history as the first motorized craft to fly on another planet.
Exceeding all expectations, it has gone on to fly 11 more times.
"We've actually been able to handle winds greater than we had expected," Ravich told AFP.
"I think by flight three we had actually accomplished all of our engineering goals ... (and) got all the information we had hoped to get," said Ravich, who works for NASA's famed Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), which developed the helicopter.
Since then, Ingenuity has flown as high as 39 feet (12 meters), and its last flight lasted two minutes and 49 seconds. In all, it has covered a distance of 1.6 miles.
In May, Ingenuity flew its first one-way mission, landing outside the relatively flat "airfield" that had been carefully selected as its initial home.
But not all has gone smoothly. Its sixth flight brought some excitement.
After being knocked dangerously off-balance by a malfunction affecting the photos taken in flight to help it stabilize, the tiny craft was able to recover. It landed, safe and sound, and the problem was resolved.
Ingenuity is now being sent out to scout the way for Perseverance, using its high-resolution color camera.
The purpose is twofold: to chart a path for the rover that is safe, but also which is of scientific interest, notably in geological terms.
Ken Farley, who heads Perseverance's science team, explained how photos taken by Ingenuity during its 12th flight showed that a region dubbed South Seitha was of less interest than scientists had hoped.
As a result, the rover might not be sent there.
Favorable conditions
After more than six months on the red planet, the little drone-like craft has gained a growing following on Earth, featured on coffee cups and T-shirts sold on the internet.
What explains its longevity?
"The environment has been very cooperative so far: the temperatures, the wind, the sun, the dust in the air... It's still very cold, but it could have been a lot worse," said Ravich.
In theory, the helicopter should be able to keep operating for some time. But the approaching Martian winter will be challenging.
NASA engineers, now armed with the data from Ingenuity's flights, are already working on its next-generation successors.
"Something in the 20 to 30 kilograms (range) maybe, able to carry science payloads," said Ravich.
Those future payloads might just include the rock samples collected by Perseverance.
NASA is planning to retrieve those samples during a future mission -- sometime in the 2030s.
(This story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is auto-generated from a syndicated feed.)
The enigma behind the true “Scorpion King” of Egypt (Video)
The enigma behind the true “Scorpion King” of Egypt (Video)
An astonishing 5,000-year-old piece of limestone discovered at an ancient Egyptian site reveals the existence of a “Scorpion King,” but who was this character?
Between 1896 and 1898, the British archaeologist James Edward Quibell and his colleague Frederick William Green were excavating in the ancient predynastic city of Hierakonpolis (known as Nekhen to the ancient Egyptians), near present-day El-Kab, in Upper Egypt, when They made a surprising discovery in one of the city’s temples:
A highly fragmented limestone mace head, dated to about 3100 BC, 25 centimeters high and nine kilos in weight, which had a curious decoration.
In it you could see the image in relief of a king wearing the white crown of Upper Egypt, with a bull’s tail hanging from his waist and carrying an agricultural instrument (a hoe) in his hands.
On his head a rosette-shaped flower was arranged, with seven petals (a symbol used during the Egyptian predynastic to symbolize the sovereign) and, the most curious thing, in front of the king’s face the figure of a scorpion can be clearly appreciated.
As there is no more information on the name of this ancient ruler, Quibell baptized him as the Scorpion King. The splendid piece was taken to the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, where it is currently on display.
One hundred years later, in 1988, a German archaeological mission, led by the Egyptologist Gunter Dreyer, who was carrying out excavations in the royal cemeteries of Abydos, in Umm el-Qaab, in Upper Egypt, discovered, in the so-called “ U ”Cemetery, a large underground tomb (UJ) made up of twelve rooms.
The tomb had been looted in the most remote antiquity, but in one of its chambers the archaeologists found a heka ivory scepter (in the form of a crook), a symbol of royal power, and some four hundred ceramic vessels from the Near East, which attests to the existence of commercial relations between both territories in such remote times.
Some of these jugs had the symbol of the scorpion painted on one of their sides. Had archaeologists discovered the tomb of the mysterious ruler whose mace was found by Quibell?
Although this extreme could not be confirmed, it has been possible to date the tomb, some one hundred years before Dynasty I of Egypt, around 3200 BC, a period that Egyptologists have baptized as Dynasty O.
But recent research suggests that the UJ tomb at Abydos belonged to another Scorpion king, who reigned before the monarch depicted on the Hierakonpolis macehead. Researchers have named him Horus Scorpion I.
But then .. Who was the Scorpion king depicted in the mace head discovered by Quibell in Hierakonpolis?
The reliefs on this piece clearly indicate that he was a king of Upper Egypt and that at that time the country was not yet unified.
Researchers have not yet reached an agreement on this, but one of the most widespread theories is that this character, whom researchers have dubbed Horus Scorpion II (Hor Serq), was possibly the father or predecessor of Narmer, the king who is unanimously attributed the unification of Egypt and is considered the first pharaoh in history.
It is not known with total certainty where Horus Scorpion II was buried, but Dreyer and his team pointed out as a possible burial place of this ruler the tomb B-50 of the so-called “Cemetery B” of Abydos.
Actually we can know little about the true Scorpion king, although Hollywood has been responsible for filling that gap with a series of films (specifically four) dedicated to the character.
Obviously, cinema is entertainment and we all like adventure films, even if they are not true to life.
In the case that concerns us, the same thing happens and we can affirm without fear of being mistaken that all similarities between the real Scorpion King and the fictional one, as one would say in the cinematographic world, “is pure coincidence”.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
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