Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 13 YEARS AND 2 MONTH.
ON 06/08/2024 MORE THAN 2.161.100
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
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Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
29-09-2021
‘ONZE' OORTWOLK TELT MOGELIJK MEER INTERSTELLAIRE BEZOEKERS DAN INHEEMSE OBJECTEN
‘ONZE' OORTWOLK TELT MOGELIJK MEER INTERSTELLAIRE BEZOEKERS DAN INHEEMSE OBJECTEN
Vivian Lammerse
Interstellaire kometen zoals 2I/Borisov zijn mogelijk niet zo zeldzaam als we denken.
In 2019 gebeurde er in onze kosmische achtertuin iets ongelofelijks. Astronomen ontdekten dat een interstellaire komeet ons zonnestelsel was binnengedrongen. De ijzige bal – 2I/Borisov genaamd – haastte zich met een slordige 177.000 kilometer per uur voort. Het was de eerste en tot nu toe nog de enige komeet afkomstig uit een ander sterrenstelsel die we hebben gezien. Maar wat als dergelijke interstellaire bezoekers ons vaker op een bezoekje trakteren dan we denken?
Oortwolk In een nieuwe studie komen onderzoekers met een gewaagde hypothese. Ze presenteren nieuwe berekeningen die aantonen dat de Oortwolk – een veronderstelde wolk van vele miljarden komeetachtige objecten rondom het zonnestelsel – meer interstellaire bezoekers herbergt dan inheemse objecten die tot ons eigen zonnestelsel behoren. De berekeningen, gemaakt op basis van conclusies over 2I/Borisov, bevatten aanzienlijke onzekerheden, zo benadrukt onderzoeker Amir Siraj. “Maar zelfs na deze in overweging te hebben genomen, prevaleren interstellaire bezoekers boven inheemse objecten.”
Meer over de Oortwolk
Het bestaan van de Oortwolk werd in 1950 geopperd door de Nederlandse sterrenkundige Jan Hendrik Oort. Deze wolk zou namelijk de steeds nieuwe kometen met langgerekte banen in ons zonnestelsel verklaren. Verstoringen van kometen in deze wolk – bijvoorbeeld door toedoen van sterren die ons zonnestelsel passeren – zouden ervoor zorgen dat sommige ervan de Oortwolk uitgekegeld worden, in een elliptische baan rond de zon belanden en daarbij en passant het binnenste van ons zonnestelsel aan doen.
Het is een opmerkelijke theorie. Want tot nu toe werd juist het omgekeerde verondersteld. “Vóór de detectie van de eerste interstellaire komeet, hadden we geen idee hoeveel interstellaire objecten er in ons zonnestelsel zijn,” zegt Siraj. “Maar de theorie over de vorming van planetaire systemen suggereert dat er minder bezoekers zouden moeten zijn dan permanente bewoners. Nu merken we dat er aanzienlijk meer bezoekers zouden kunnen zijn.”
Een voorbeeldje Hoe de onderzoekers tot dit idee zijn gekomen? “Laten we zeggen dat ik een dag lang naar een spoorlijn van een kilometer lang kijk en één auto zie oversteken,” schetst Siraj. “Ik kan dan stellen dat het aantal auto’s dat die dag de spoorlijn heeft overgestoken, één per dag per kilometer is. Maar als ik reden heb om aan te nemen dat deze waarneming geen eenmalige gebeurtenis was – bijvoorbeeld doordat er spoorbomen geplaatst zijn – dan kan ik een stap verder gaan en statische conclusies trekken over het aantal auto’s dat het betreffende stuk spoor oversteken.”
Vraag Een prangende vraag is dan echter; als er zoveel interstellaire kometen zijn, waarom hebben we er dan tot nu toe nog maar één gezien? “We beschikken nog niet over de nodige technologie om ze te detecteren,” betoogt Siraj. “Bedenk je dat de Oortwolk een gebied omspant dat zo’n 300 miljard tot 160 biljoen kilometer verwijderd is van de zon. En in tegenstelling tot sterren produceren objecten in de Oortwolk niet hun eigen licht. Die twee factoren maken het puin in de buitenste regionen van ons zonnestelsel ongelofelijk moeilijk waar te nemen.”
Planetoïden De theorie kan gevolgen hebben voor de manier waarop we naar planetoïden kijken. “Als we een blik op gegevens over planetoïden werpen, kunnen we ons afvragen of sommige misschien interstellair zijn maar nog niet als zodanig herkend zijn,” aldus astrofysicus Matthew Holman, niet betrokken bij het onderzoek. Holman legt uit dat na de ontdekking van een planetoïde, deze niet jaarlijks wordt waargenomen of bestudeerd. “We denken dat het planetoïden zijn, maar dan verliezen we ze uit het oog, zonder er een goede blik op te hebben geworpen,” zegt hij.
Vera C. Rubin-observatorium Waarnemingen met toekomstige, verbeterde technologie zouden de resultaten van het onderzoeksteam kunnen helpen bevestigen. Ze kijken dan ook reikhalzend uit naar de lancering van het Vera C. Rubin-observatorium, dat in 2022 het luchtruim kiest. Deze telescoop gaat onder andere de buitenste regionen van ons zonnestelsel afspeuren, op zoek naar interessante objecten. De verwachting is dat Rubin ongeveer tien keer zoveel planetoïden als momenteel bekend is aan het licht gaat brengen. “We hopen dan ook veel meer interstellaire bezoekers zoals 2I/Borisov te detecteren,” aldus Siraj.
Als er inderdaad een overvloed aan interstellaire objecten in de Oortwolk te vinden zijn, dan zou dit tevens betekenen dat er veel meer puin over is van de vorming van planetenstelsels dan eerder werd gedacht. “Samen met observatiestudies van protoplanetaire schijven en computergestuurde benaderingen van planeetvorming, zou de studie naar interstellaire objecten ons kunnen helpen de geheimen te ontrafelen van hoe ons planetenstelsel – en andere – gevormd zijn,” besluit Siraj.
Omdat ze op het Australische Phillip-eiland geen natuurlijke vijand hebben, bevinden deze vraatzuchtige duizendpoten zich wonderbaarlijk genoeg aan de top van de voedselketen.
Als je aan een duizendpoot denkt, denk je misschien aan die kleine, krioelende beestjes in de zanderige grond. Maar in Australië nemen zelfs deze diertjes bizarre vormen aan. Onderzoekers hebben namelijk ontdekt dat de Cormocephalus coynei, een duizendpoot die leeft op het onbewoonde, Australische Phillip-eiland, niet alleen gigantisch is, maar ook een wat opmerkelijk dieet volgt.
Meer over de Cormocephalus coynei
Cormocephalus coynei is een duizendpootsoort die voorkomt op Phillip- en Nepean-eiland, gelegen ten zuiden van het Australische Norfolkeiland. De soort werd voor het eerst gezien op Phillip-eiland in 1792, maar werd pas in 1984 formeel beschreven. De duizendpoot kan maar liefst 23,5 cm lang worden en is roodbruin en oranje van kleur. Maar het meest opmerkelijke is zijn bizarre gewoonte om op gewervelde dieren te jagen.
In de studie besloten onderzoekers het dieet van de duizendpoot te bestuderen. Want dat deze diertjes een bijzondere eetlust hebben, weten we al langer. Zo staan ze erom bekend om op gekko’s, stinken en vissen te jagen. Maar soms hebben de beestjes zelfs nog grotere honger.
Een gekko is ten prooi gevallen aan een vleesetende duizendpoot.
Afbeelding: D. Terrington (2019)
Zeevogels De onderzoekers kwamen namelijk tot de ontdekking dat de duizendpoten op Phillip-eiland het zelfs op zeevogels hebben voorzien. “Er zijn aanwijzingen dat grote duizendpoten over de hele wereld gewervelde dieren verorberen,” zegt onderzoeksleider Luke Halpin. “Maar dit is de eerste keer dat we ontdekken dat de duizendpoot op zeevogels jaagt.”
Dieet De onderzoekers hebben het opmerkelijke dieet van Cormocephalus coynei nauwkeurig in kaart gebracht. En daaruit blijkt dat het bizarre eetpatroon van deze roofzuchtige duizendpoot voor 48 procent bestaat uit gewervelde dieren en 52 procent uit ongewervelde dieren. 30,5 procent bestaat uit hagedissen, waaronder de inheemse Lord Howe Island Skink en de endemische hagedis Christinus guentheri. Opvallend genoeg bestaat 7,9 procent van het dieet van de duizendpoot uit de zwartvleugelstormvogel (met name de kuikentjes) en 9,6 procent uit zeevissen die door in bomen nestelende zeevogels op de bosbodem zijn gedropt.
Bekijk in deze video hoe een duizendpoot een kuikentje vangt.
Het is een vrij merkwaardige samenstelling voor een duizendpoot. “Het vertegenwoordigt een ongewoon hoog percentage gewervelde dieren in het dieet van een ongewervelde,” constateert Halpin. “We laten zien hoe roofzuchtige geleedpotigen druk uitoefenen op gewervelde populaties.”
Top van voedselketen Maar dat is niet eens het enige. Aangezien geen enkel roofdier op het eiland het op de duizendpoot heeft voorzien, zijn deze langbenige monstertjes de onbetwiste toproofdieren op Philip-eiland. Ze bevinden zich wonderbaarlijk genoeg aan de top van de voedselketen.
Sleutelrol Hoe maf het ook klinkt, volgens de onderzoekers is de vraatzuchtige eetlust van de duizendpoten eigenlijk van vitaal belang voor het ecosysteem op het eiland. Dat komt omdat ze belangrijke voedingsstoffen uit de zee (die de zeevogels meenemen) naar het land brengen. Volgens onderzoeker Rohan Clarke spelen de gigantische duizendpoten dan ook een sleutelrol in de vormgeving van het natuurlijke systeem. “Het benadrukt echt de complexiteit van de natuur,” aldus de Clarke.
De duizendpoten houden dus de dynamiek van het ecosysteem op het eiland in balans. En daar kunnen wij ook een belangrijke les uit trekken. “Het laat zien hoe belangrijk het is om de resterende natuurlijke gebieden te behouden,” benadrukt Clarke. “Op die manier kunnen we voorkomen dat complexe interacties zoals deze – die uiteindelijk het leven op aarde ondersteunen – verder worden verstoord.”
8 Ancient Chinese Inventions the West Had Not Imagined
8 Ancient Chinese Inventions the West Had Not Imagined
According to the statistics provided by the World Economic Forum, nowadays China can boast its position as the world’s second largest spender on scientific research and development, yielding only to the United States.
Yet, surprisingly enough, China is not only a producer but also an inventor of a great many things and even technologies that the US and much older nations use daily.
When numerous tribes were searching for the best lands all across Europe and couldn’t even imagine that the Atlantic Ocean separated them from the other large continents, the Chinese civilization was establishing, developing, and revolutionizing oriental science and technology.
Of course, China can’t be credited with the invention of the mobile phone, Internet or other modern technologies. But what this nation did give to the whole of humanity thousands of years ago advanced different industries and improved different aspects of human life. What’s more, the influence of all those ingenious ancient Chinese inventions can be tracked even to the 21st century.
However, that’s just a tiny part of the enormous heritage that ancient China left for the global future.
Documenting the Chinese Contribution
Dr. Joseph Needham was one of the first and most prominent Western scientists who tried to shed light on Chinese achievements and contributions to the development of our whole world. The British biochemist and historian became captivated by China’s attitude and approach to science and technology after his trip to this country in 1942.
Needham’s admiration for Chinese history, culture and language, as well as his extraordinary intelligence, led him to work on a huge project, now widely known as “ Science and Civilization in China ”.
It comprises 27 published books in 7 volumes on the subject and covers each and every aspect: from mathematics to medicine.
Science and Civilisation in China (Chinese translation) by Joseph Needham.
Joseph Needham enthusiastically described dozens of ancient Chinese inventions which were (and remain) widely used in the Western world that one couldn’t even imagine they actually had come from the Far East.
So, what did this centuries-old, wise, and still mysterious civilization give us for nothing, literally?
Paper, Toilet Paper, Paper Money, and the Menu
The invention of paper allowed the invention of the other three helpful things mentioned here. So, let’s put all four of them into one category – paper invention.
Europeans were buying papyrus from Egypt and using parchment for all those centuries when the Chinese were enjoying real paper. Although it didn’t look quite like the modern paper we are used to writing on, it turned out to be a more convenient and durable material.
Historical records attribute the invention of papermaking to Cai Lun, a eunuch of the emperor’s court. Although it’s officially acknowledged that papermaking was born in AD 105, recent investigations have traced it back to the 2nd century BC.
Some may argue that papyrus had been produced in Egypt since 3000 BC and served its purpose well for many centuries. However, in the 14th-15th centuries Europe also opted for paper. And this choice speaks for itself.
Obviously, if China invented papermaking, it must be the creator of… toilet paper. The first recorded use of it dates back to AD 851, during the Tang dynasty. But it was the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) when the popularity of toilet paper among the imperial court increased.
In the Western world toilet paper became commercially available only in the second half on the 19th century, after it was “reinvented” by Joseph C. Gayetty in 1857.
In the 9th century AD the Chinese started using paper to print money. The first paper bills served as credit or exchange notes. Merchants could receive them for deposing metal coins, without any losses in the value of “cash”.
China has always been a grand trader, welcoming merchants and adventurers from all around the world. The large number of foreigners who couldn’t speak the Chinese language is said to be the reason for inventing… a restaurant menu as early as the times of the Song dynasty (960–1279). The Chinese already had paper, so using it to make menus was a reasonable idea, wasn’t it?
Printing
Despite the availability of much earlier artifacts of printing in the Far East, the Diamond Sutra is considered to be the very first book printed on paper at regular size. According to the records, it was made in AD 868, during the Tang dynasty. At that time woodblock printing was gaining popularity, simplifying the spread of religious texts without modifications.
Early masters put ink on an inscribed wooden block. The ink rolled over the surface of characters carved into the wood. After printing, a reversed picture of the wooden block was left on paper that took the ink easily. A single block could produce about 20,000 copies.
One century later Bi Sheng upgraded this technique by introducing movable type printing. Movable individual characters, carved on clay pieces and hardened with fire, could be attached to an iron plate to print one page of text. It was then broken up and reorganized to print another page.
By the way, Johann Gutenberg used almost the same technology to print the first Bible in the 1450s.
Alcohol
The 2004 research by University of Pennsylvania claimed that the Chinese might have been the first nation to discover fermentation and distillation processes used to create alcohol. The team of scientists studied dried organic materials that they found in ancient jars. The results of a complex analysis allowed them to state that the Chinese drank alcoholic beverages as early as 9,000 years ago.
The legend has it that Yi Di, the wife of Yu the Great, who was the emperor of the mystical dynasty Xia, was the first to prepare an alcoholic drink for her husband. That might have happened around 2000 BC.
So, the history of wine and beer making takes its roots from China, which nowadays is, ironically, not so well known for the production and export of alcohol.
Forks
Surely, chopsticks make an integral part of Chinese exotica. But the finds from the recent excavation of the tomb of Qin Shihuang, the first non-mythical emperor of China (259 BC - 210 BC), prove that the Chinese created forks of quite a modern design many hundreds of years ago. Why the Chinese didn’t and don’t use them is another question.
Nonetheless, the West can thank this nation for their creativity and practicality. At the end of the day, it’s quite difficult for us to imagine our traditional breakfasts and dinners without forks.
Compass
Arab traders are likely to have brought the compass to Europe. Thus, our distant ancestors started using it in navigation to find the right direction in the stormy seas and to discover new lands.
However, the compass is one of the greatest ancient Chinese inventions. It was created around the 3rd century BC and initially used by… fortunetellers. Chinese navigators began to use it in ships not earlier than during the Song dynasty, that is around the 10th century AD.
By the way, unlike the modern compass that points north, the ancient Chinese compass pointed south. The “needle” of the Chinese compass was made from lodestone in the form of a spoon. Lodestone naturally points south, and that gave Chinese sailors an additional strategic advantage: south is always the direction of the sun when it’s midday. So there’s no wonder why smart Chinese navigation became a model for the whole world.
The prototype of our mechanical watches and clocks existed first in China too. Its creator was Buddhist monk Yi Xing. He came up with the first model of the mechanical clock in AD 725, two centuries before the idea of it struck Westerners.
According to his design, dripping water powered a big wheel which made one full revolution in one day – 24 hours.
During the Song dynasty, official Su Song modernized the clock so it could tell not only the time of the day but also the day of the month, the phase of the Moon, and the positions of some stars and planets. Su Song built a clock tower and added a chain-driven mechanism to the sophisticated system of gears and wheels that made the clock turn.
Earthquake Detector
We may know it better as a seismograph, though almost 2,000 years ago it looked more like a beautiful bronze vase. What was its secret?
Inside the vessel there is a pendulum that can be moved by an earth tremor. The swing of the pendulum sets in motion the internal levers inside the vessel. This triggers the release of a small ball held by a dragon that faces the direction of the epicenter of the tremor. This ball falls into the mouth of a frog right below it, hence heralding the danger.
In China earthquakes are frequent, so the stylish device did stand this country in good stead for hundreds of years.
The Western prototype of the modern seismograph was designed in Persia in the 13th century and in France no earlier than in the beginning of the 18th century.
Rockets
China’s recent achievements in space exploration are impressive. Probably, in the 3rd century AD the inventors of rockets couldn’t even dream that their descendants would once see the Earth from the skies. But the memory and historical records about their innovation inspired distant generations to build huge and powerful spacecrafts.
Drawing of an early Mongolian soldier lighting a rocket.
But let’s go back to the ancient times and see how it worked there.
The counter-force, required to set a rocket in motion, was produced by ignited gunpowder, which is actually another Chinese invention. For example, during the Song dynasty, the Chinese stuffed a paper tube with gunpowder and attached this tube to an arrow that they could launch with a bow.
Obviously, such invention was widely used in military. But it also became an integral part of traditional Chinese entertainment – fireworks.
A video was sent to the WBSM Facebook page that we could not help but take a closer look at.
Cam Fortes sent us a video that his brother, Noah recorded on Saturday, September 25. Noah told us that the video was taken around 7:30 p.m. near Buttonwood Park in New Bedford. The flashing lights appear to be hovering over the CVS on Kempton Street.
Over the chorus of Rupert Holmes' "Escape (The Pina Colada Song)," you can hear Noah say that the two flashing lights are moving in sync. The video was less than 10 seconds, but that was enough to intrigue us about these two flashing orange orbs.
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“They almost seemed like they were levitating and just standing still almost,” Fortes said. “I wish I got more footage, but they were just moving in sync. They were orange orbs and they were diagonal from each other. It was honestly quite weird how in sync they were!”
WBSM reached out to Scot Servis, the Airport Manager at New Bedford Regional Airport, for some insight on the video.
"My vote is a drone, but with the green lights either disabled or covered,” Servis said. “If it was a helicopter, you would have heard it. It's moving too slow to be an airplane. Just my two cents."
A drone would make sense as you might not be able to hear it depending on how high it was elevated above you. And the restrictions on lights for drones is not as carefully regulated as a plane or helicopter would be.
This is the second UFO sighting reported to our radio station since Tuesday, September 21. The first one was captured by Jordan Costa and Donna Santos outside of their home in Westport.
LOOK UP: 14 Recent UFO Sightings on the SouthCoast
1. Marion – June 5, 2018, 11:45 a.m.
We actually wrote about this report when it first happened, and you can see our story on it – including video – right here. Crystal, the woman who captured the video, spotted two UFOs over Marion Harbor in broad daylight. At first, she thought they were just a pair of balloons until she noticed they were moving completely in unison. "They never moved independently," she said. "But were moving together to the left, slowly." She said the wind was blowing in the same direction as they were moving, and she watched them until clouds rolled in and she could no longer see the two objects.
2. Buzzards Bay/Bourne – July 20, 2018, 8:20 p.m.
This “orange fireball” with “a very tiny darker colored flame at one end” was seen for about three to five minutes by a couple camping at the Bourne Scenic Park along the Cape Cod Canal. Its movement was described as “slow and silent.” The reporting party told the National UFO Reporting Center they had seen a similar object in the same spot in the past.
3. Middleboro – August 2, 2018, 10:30 p.m.
The town of Middleboro is in the direct flight path to Logan Airport, but this person who reported their sighting to the National UFO Reporting Center says he knows the Logan flight paths and this was not part of them. Initially, the light was amber colored and seemed very high in altitude. However, its brightness was about twice that of the airplanes. The light was solid and not strobing. It appeared to be somewhat cross-shaped, but I wasn’t sure if it might’ve just been light refraction,” he reported. “Within 5-10 seconds the light started losing intensity and the color faded to white. After about another 10 seconds of the light slowly losing its intensity it was nothing more than a pinpoint of light no bigger than a very small star. Within a second it faded to complete darkness and I lost sight of it.” He said the entire event lasted just 15-20 seconds.
4. New Bedford – September 16, 2018, 5 p.m.
The person who shared this report with the National UFO Reporting Center was outside with their niece and mother when they noticed “(a) banner of white spheres in constellation formation flying under (the) half moon.” The sighting lasted less than five minutes but was very strange. “The spheres were arranged in what appeared to be constellations,” the report reads. “Furthermore, they also appeared to be changing, maybe as if there was some sort of message.”
5. Wareham – March 12, 2019, 12:20 a.m.
This white oval sphere was reported over Onset Bay near the Massachusetts Maritime Academy, with three military jets in pursuit. “The object was glowing white when I observed the three military jets flying around it,” reads the report that came into the National UFO Reporting Center. “When the jets approached it seemed to change color and glowed red for a split second then disappeared for what seemed to me a couple of seconds. Reappearing close to the same spot as it disappeared zig, zagging from north to south followed by a rapid acceleration to the West and then totally disappearing from sight.”
6. Rehoboth – April 28, 2019, 2 a.m.
The date on this sighting is listed as “approximate” by the National UFO Reporting Center, but the duration of the event was reportedly more than an hour each night and went on for several weeks. “Looked exactly like a star but much brighter. Wasn’t a plane because it stayed in the same spot for about an hour...Wasn’t a star because it eventually moved,” the report reads. “I thought it may possibly be a satellite at first but it’s been in the same spot for quite a few weeks now. Every time I wake up between 2 a.m. and 3 a.m., it’s there, and then after 3:30 a.m., it’s gone. Very strange.” Peter Davenport of the National UFO Reporting Center theorized the object spotted could be Jupiter or Saturn.
7. Middleboro – June 3, 2019, 2:26 a.m.
This sighting, which lasted less than 20 minutes, was reported to the National UFO Reporting Center as five bright lights merging into one: “I first saw what it looked like to be a star, a white-looking star, then another joined under it, and another under it. The three stars formed in a line. After about five seconds, they merged into one star. Then the stars looked like it was making an unknown shape. From what I saw, it looked like a teardrop but the tip was very curved. I also noticed some sort of beam shining out of the UFO. I also noticed a minuscule-sized aircraft flying around the light. The small one was flashing green lights. Then it faded into nothing. Came back, then faded once more. After the second fading, the light never came back.”
8. New Bedford – June 8, 2019, 11:34 p.m.
This very quick sighting of an oval-shaped object was nonetheless submitted to the National UFO Reporting Center. “I observed a single, fairly large, blueish oval/pill-shaped object with a lighter blueish tint/halo surrounding it,” the report reads. “It traveled in the clear night sky, in low earth orbit, at very high speeds with no audible sounds. It was slightly slower than a meteorite/shooting star and much much faster than a satellite. It had no visible tail and kept on path heading from West to East and was only in my field of view for about four to five seconds.”
9. Middleboro – July 30, 2019, 3 a.m.
Two different reports came into the National UFO Reporting Center of these “very bright lights in the sky,” which began at 3 a.m. and remained hovering overhead for more than an hour. “It had bright lights, seemed to be pulsating, and moved almost imperceptibly from left to right. The lights appeared to be in a triangular shape. At one point, an extremely bright, perfectly vertical, thin beam of light appeared next to it (think of a flashbulb, but quicker). This happened twice. This thing remained in the sky, in the same spot, for over an hour,” one report read. The other report had a similar description, adding, “The flashes were more like thin beams of extremely bright white light that traveled in perfectly straight vertical lines. They appeared in a flash, in a nanosecond—and these flashes were blinding. I cannot imagine I was the only person who saw this.”
10. Lakeville – September 15, 2019, 8:17 p.m.
The circular object was spotted for less than a minute. “My husband was sitting on the couch, we were watching tv when he noticed a bright light outside usually where the moon would be. It was too early for the moon to be in that position and this light was too bright. We went to our porch and got a closer look and video,” reads the report from the National UFO Reporting Center. “It was a bright whitish-blue circle, could have been octagon shaped. It stayed over the tree line for almost a minute, moved slightly to the right, stopped, and then moved off quickly behind the tree lines. We live on the third floor, so we ran outside to the car and tried to follow, but it was gone.”
11. Fall River – November 23, 2019, 9 p.m.
These objects were seen over multiple nights hovering in the same position over the Somerset area, but only visible at night. “They blended in with the stars. It was like a circle of fuzzy white lights and on top was a red light,” the report reads. “Looked like it could have been drones but the drones would have to be huge, so I really started looking and counted 24+ objects, all were identical.”
12. New Bedford – November 25, 2019, 6:45 p.m.
Described as “four spherical objects emitting red aura flying in a trail formation,” this sighting lasted about seven minutes over the intersection of Route 140 and Route 6. “Two of them were headed west to east over Route 140 parallel with one another. One of them then moved behind the other in a trailing formation moving at approximately 20+ mph. The other two objects I observed were located above a cemetery near Route 140 and Route 6,” the report reads. “They were moving up, down, left, right for a minute or so. One of them dropped altitude really quickly like, 500 feet in less than a second. It then moved back upwards and the both started heading west to east in a trailing formation back over Route 140 and Route 6.” The reporting party did admit they could have been drones.
13. Fall River – December 28, 2019, 6 p.m.
There’s not much to this report, other than it appeared for a duration of about 20 minutes. “The lights were blinking and swirling in circles,” the report reads. “I first thought it was stars but they started to move across the sky.”
14. Carver – February 4, 2020, 2:09 a.m.
The spherical object remained in the sky for well over an hour. “I first noticed its lights and it was suspended over the cranberry bogs. It didn't move very much, it just hung there in silence.” The report went on to state the craft left without making a sound, and that it “moved strangely” and “had lights on all sides.” The reporting party claimed to have snapped 10 photos of the alleged craft, but they were not included with the report.
Encounters with mysterious, glowing balls of light – ones that have the mystifying ability to change into the forms of strange and savage creatures – have been reported on more than a few occasions in Texas. A classic example is the large body of data that surrounds a certain huge area of forest in Texas. As someone who is proud to call the Dallas-Fort Worth area my home, I am all too well aware that many people think and assume that Texas is just one big desert. In reality, however, that’s far from the case. Yes, West Texas is extremely flat and filled with almost endless fields of cotton. And, it’s also true that South Texas has its fair share of harsh and scalding landscapes. However, Central, North, and East Texas are very different: they are dominated by thick forestland that extends for miles and miles…and miles. Indeed, a 2011 Forest Inventory and Analysis report prepared by the Texas Forest Service revealed that Texas’ woods ran to 62.4 million acres, and which cover almost forty percent of the state. And it’s to one particular area of dense woodland that we have to turn our attention to. Its name: the Big Thicket.
(Nick Redfern)
Located in the Piney Woods area of East Texas, the Big Thicket has a most apt moniker: it is a huge, 83,000-acre area of woodland. “Dense” barely begins to describe the massive, forested environment, which is home to numerous wild animals, including alligators and bobcats – as well as to other creatures of a very odd kind, as we’ll soon see. Running through the heart of the Big Thicket is a long, thin, and incredibly sandy old road called Bragg Road. That’s not what the locals call it, though. To them, it is known as Ghost Light Road. Or, just Ghost Road. There is a very good reason for this: for at least three centuries, people have reported seeing weird, small balls of light flitting through the trees late at night. But, we’re not talking about anything quite as down to earth as fireflies. These particular lights vary in size from – approximately – a tennis ball to a beach ball. They also exhibit evidence of intelligence: witnesses describe the lights approaching them, even circling them, in what is occasionally perceived as a playful fashion. Such is the interest that the lights provoke in the people that live there, and in visitors too, a historical marker has been erected at the start of Bragg Road and which details the strange story of the lights.
(Nick Redfern) Nick Redfern and the late Rob Riggs
The late Rob Riggs was a well-known figure in the Bigfoot research field and someone who spent a significant portion of his life living in the Big Thicket area. Riggs collected numerous reports of the mysterious ghost lights, dating back to the 1800s. But, Riggs did far more than that: he also catalogued an astonishing number of reports of what seemed to be Bigfoot and large, black leopards. I say “seemed to be” for a very good reason. While most people who have reported seeing large black cats, and who have had hairy wild-man type encounters in the Big Thicket, the vast majority are content to conclude they encountered animals of the type that very few ever get to encounter. But, not all of them. A small body of individuals have sworn that the large cats and the hairy humanoids – when spotted by the astonished and sometimes terrified onlookers – vanished before their eyes. We’re not talking about them making hasty getaways into the woods. Rather, we are talking about the “animals” – in an instant – changing form from big cat and Bigfoot to a small, brightly-lit globe of light. The ghost lights that have been staple parts of the area for centuries, of course.
Marsrover InSight detecteert 3 grote bevingen op rode planeet, inclusief klepper die bijna 1,5 uur duurde
Marsrover ‘InSight’ heeft recent drie grote bevingen op de rode planeet gedetecteerd. Eén van die bevingen duurde bijna 90 minuten lang en had liefst vijf keer meer energie dan de vorige recordhouder uit 2019. De NASA-wetenschappers van de missie sprongen een gat in de lucht toen ze de data binnenkregen, want het zijn grote bevingen als deze die hen ontzettend veel leren over hoe rotsachtige werelden gevormd worden en evolueren, zoals ook de aarde en haar maan. En dan te denken dat de robot eerder dit jaar bijna zijn seismometer moest stilleggen door energietekort en een hoop stof op zijn zonnepanelen.
Lander InSight zat op zaterdag 18 september, op zijn 1.000e dag of ‘sol’ op Mars, rustig te zitten in de lege, weidse stofvlakten van de rode planeet toen de grond plots begon te rommelen. De beving duurde uiteindelijk bijna anderhalf uur lang. De Marsrover stuurde de data meteen met zijn seismometer terug naar de aarde. Toen de onderzoekers bij NASA de info binnenkregen, realiseerden ze zich dat InSight de grootste en langste Marsbeving ooit tijdens zijn missie had gedetecteerd.
InSight had een beving met een kracht van minstens 4.2 op de schaal van Richter van bijna 90 minuten lang vastgelegd - exact het type beving waar de wetenschappers op gehoopt hadden sinds de rover op de rode planeet is geland in november 2018. Recent waren er bovendien nog al twee redelijk grote bevingen: op 25 augustus voelde de lander twee - kortere - bevingen van 4.2 en 4.1. Daarvoor was de grootste beving die InSight ooit had meegemaakt tijdens de missie een exemplaar met een kracht van 3.7, ergens in 2019.
“Het lijkt erop dat er in verhouding tot het aantal kleine aardbevingen op Mars minder grote aardbevingen zijn dan we zouden verwachten. Het is een beetje mysterieus”, legde Bruce Banerdt, hoofdonderzoeker voor InSight, in april uit aan Business Insider. Maar de beving van zaterdag - die vijf keer meer energie had dan het gerommel van de recordbeving van twee jaar eerder - is het type klepper dat een belangrijk missend stukje van de grote Martiaanse puzzel kan bieden.
De InSight-missie bestudeert seismische golven om meer te leren over de binnenkant van Mars. De golven veranderen als ze door de korst, mantel en kern van de planeet reizen, en bieden wetenschappers een manier om diep onder het oppervlak te kijken, een beetje zoals de golven van een X-ray of een CAT-scan worden gebruikt voor informatie over binnenin het menselijk lichaam.
Een meer gedetailleerde kijk op de binnenkant van Mars kan belangrijke aanwijzingen bieden over hoe de planeet is geboren en geëvolueerd doorheen de tijd. Kennis die cruciaal kan zijn bij de inspanningen van astronomen om andere werelden te vinden waar leven misschien mogelijk is en om rotsachtige werelden te begrijpen, inclusief de aarde en onze maan.
“Door de kern van Mars te bestuderen en de korst van Mars te bekijken, en te begrijpen dat deze niet erg zijn veranderd in de afgelopen 4,5 miljard jaar, kunnen we een glimps krijgen in hoe de aarde er mogelijk in een heel vroeg stadium heeft uitgezien”, aldus Banerdt. “Mars helpt ons begrijpen hoe rotsachtige planeten ontstaan en hoe ze evolueren.”
Meer dan 700 bevingen
In totaal heeft InSight tijdens zijn tijd op Mars al meer dan 700 bevingen gedetecteerd, en ze hebben samen al veel onthuld over de binnenkant. Zo ontdekten de onderzoekers dat de korst van Mars dunner is dan ze dachten en dat het meer zoals de korst van de maan is dan die van de aarde - het is opgebroken door de impact van asteroïden. Recent hebben de wetenschappers met behulp van de bevingen ook bepaald dat Mars een gesmolten kern heeft. Ze zijn nog niet zeker of er achter een gesmolten buitenkern nog een solide binnenkern verstopt zit, zoals het geval is op aarde.
Doordat de Martiaanse korst droog en gebroken is, duren de bevingen daar ook zoveel langer dan aardbevingen. Ze weerkaatsen tussen scheuren in de korst en er is niet zoveel vocht om ze te absorberen. De bevingen die InSight heeft vastgesteld op Mars duurden gewoonlijk 10 tot 40 minuten.
De drie recente grote bevingen hadden overigens evengoed niet waargenomen geweest, ware het niet dat de missie eerder dit jaar in een huzarenstukje slaagde om InSight ondanks veel moeilijkheden toch nog aan het werk te houden.
De zeer elliptische baan van Mars bracht de planeet verder van de zon, waardoor de Marsrover geconfronteerd werd met lagere temperaturen en meer op zijn eigen verwarming moest rekenen om warm te blijven. Daar kwam bij dat grote stofophoping op de zonnepanelen van InSight het vermogen van de lander had verminderd, waardoor de missie noodgedwongen energie moest besparen door bepaalde instrumenten tijdelijk uit te schakelen.
Als we eerder dit jaar niet snel hadden gehandeld, hadden we echt heel goede wetenschap gemist.
Het team van wetenschappers slaagde erin om de seismometer toch nog te laten werken met een originele en ietwat contra-intuïtieve aanpak: ze gebruikten de robotarm van InSight om langzaam zand te laten druppelen in de buurt van één van de zonnepanelen in de hoop dat windvlagen de korrels over het paneel zouden voeren en zo een deel van het stof erop zouden wegvegen. Het plan lukte en tijdens verschillende stofopruimingsacties zag het team dat het vermogensniveau redelijk stabiel bleef. Een hele opluchting. Nu Mars de zon weer nadert, begint de kracht van de lander weer te groeien.
“Als we eerder dit jaar niet snel hadden gehandeld, hadden we echt heel goede wetenschap gemist”, zegt Banerdt in een reactie. “Zelfs na meer dan twee jaar lijkt Mars ons nog iets nieuw gegeven te hebben met deze grote bevingen, die ook unieke eigenschappen hebben.”
Veel verder dan normaal
Beeld van Mars genomen door een andere Marsrover, Perseverance.
Terwijl de grootste beving van 18 september nog volop onderzocht wordt, weten de vorsers immers nu al een aantal interessante dingen van die van 25 augustus: zo vond de beving van 4.2 plaats op 8.500 kilometer afstand van InSight, dat is de verste beving die de lander tot nu toe heeft opspoord. De exacte locatie moet nog bepaald worden, maar één ding is zeker: de beving gebeurde te ver om te zijn ontstaan waar de Marsrover bijna alle vorige grote bevingen kon vastleggen, de ‘Cerberus Fossae’, een gebied meer dan 1.600 kilometer verder waar in laatste paar miljoenen jaren mogelijk lava heeft gestroomd. Eén erg intrigerende mogelijkheid is dat de beving gebeurde in ‘Valles Marineris’, het episch lange ravijnsysteem dat door de evenaar van Mars kronkelt.
Luidruchtig
Tot verbazing van de wetenschappers waren de twee bevingen op 25 augustus ook andere types. De beving van 4.2 kende trage vibraties met een lage frequentie, terwijl de beving van 4.1 heel snel en met vibraties van hoge frequenties gepaard ging. De tweede beving vond ook veel dichter bij de lander plaats, amper 925 kilometer. Wat de twee wel gemeen hebben - buiten dat het allebei om grote exemplaren ging - is dat ze beide overdag gebeurden op de meest winderige en, voor de seismometer, meest luidruchtige tijd op Mars.
Het is hoe dan ook allemaal goed nieuws voor seismologen: het kunnen bestuderen van verschillende grote bevingen van verschillende afstanden en met verschillende soorten seismische golven geeft meer informatie over de innerlijke structuur van een planeet.
En intussen luistert InSight naarstig en geduldig verder naar de hartslag van Mars, in de hoop nog veel meer te kunnen ontdekken. Helemaal zelfstandig even, want de volgende drie weken krijgen de landers op Mars geen commando’s, aangezien de aarde en de rode planeet zich nu aan tegenovergestelde kanten van de zon bevinden. Deze periode van solar conjunction gebeurt elke twee jaar.
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Extraordinary strange UFOs fly through our skies
Extraordinary strange UFOs fly through our skies
Over the years, many unidentified aerial phenomena have been photographed. Witnesses often wonder whether they photographed a UFO or a rare aerial phenomenon.
The fact is that many unknown objects, whether real or 'secret' man-made UFOs, fly through our sky that we don't know that they exist.
The world is ruled by shape-shifting lizards, the landing on the moon was fake, and a UFO crashed in Roswell. Where do conspiracy theories originate from? Prof. Włodzisław Duch from the Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics of the Nicolaus Copernicus University (NCU) has decided to examine the process of their development in the brain. An article dealing with this issue has just been published in a prestigious journal “Patterns” (Cell Press).
Multitude of conspiracy theories people believe in all over the world is astonishing. They actually accompany each significant event: a catastrophe, assassination, death of a famous person or, currently, the Covid-19 pandemic. Because the formation of a distorted image of reality is so widespread this topic has been dealt with by numerous scientists. Various studies, articles and books using psychological, sociological, political science, or anthropological approaches have been published. However, the presumed conspiracy theories mechanism is still a matter of speculations because the problem is scarcely researched by specialists in natural science.
Professor Włodzisław Duch from the Department of Informatics at the Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, NCU, is an exception. For years, his scientific interests have been focused on artificial intelligence, neural networks, informatics, quantum physics as well as cognitive science. 10 years ago, he wrote his first report on memetics, conspiracy theories, representation of memes as neural network attractor states in the brain, linking it with the formation of conspiracy theories. His article entitled “Memetics and Neural Models of Conspiracy Theories“, has just been published in “Patterns” (Cell Press), a highly renowned, open-access journal in which breakthrough, original texts concerning data science are released.
– It is one of those long-lasting things in my professional life. I have tried to publish this work for so many years. Even though I indicated 10 potential reviewers, nobody felt competent enough to review it, and thus, journals rejected it – explains Prof. Duch. – The concept seemed too innovative. Moreover, it concerns the subtle processes taking place in the brain. Neuroscience experts prefer experiments on rats, so they have no chance to take a closer look at the subject of conspiracy theories. Computer models, in turn, are not concerned with subtle phenomena addressed by memetics.
Richard Dawkins is the originator of memetics. He used the word meme (from Greek root i.e. imitation) to name bits of information “inserted into the head”, those which are rapidly embedded in the neural connections structure in the brain, and whose behavior is similar to that of genes.
– Memetics is thus the theory of human behavior and provides a common paradigm for cultural studies, religious studies, sociology and other fields of social studies which describe our mental space. The main challenge it faces is the identification of memes, studying how they are reproduced, spread, and developed – explains Prof. Duch. – But, what is the meme from the physical, neuroscientific point of view? It has not been described so far.
Brain determinants
Why do people believe in conspiracy theories?
Because this is how their brains function. We think the way our brains allow us to do – says Prof. Duch. – On the one hand, we are dealing with genetic determinism: human cognitive capacity and affective reactions are much varied and dependent on the presence of genes responsible for building individual brain structure, for example COMT, DARPP-32, DRD2 – the genes connected with dopamine, an important neurotransmitter. Hence, genes determine personality, predispositions, skills, but not particular decisions.
On the other hand, genetic determinism only partially affects our neuronal determinism, namely, our brain formation resulting from our life experience, upbringing, culture, and religion.
– We cannot think differently than our neuronal activity allows – says Prof. Duch. – The whole history of a given individual, his/her experience starting in the fetal stage, may influence easy activation of certain neurons in the brain whereas other neurons require strong stimulation in order to be activated. It would be interesting to find out how certain bits of information we receive are turned into memes and reproduced while others remain unnoticed.
Professor Włodzisław Duch from the Department of Informatics at the Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, NCUfot. Andrzej Romański
The formation of biological and psychological mechanisms of false belief and thus conspiracy theories is obviously very complex. Accepting distorted images of reality can be a side effect of many different factors such as education or life experience, and this is why they are so difficult to study.
– Moreover, accepting simple explanations can be satisfactory; it saves energy (and the brain consumes huge amounts of it), brings a pleasant sense of understanding. In contrast, complex explanations require much effort and time to be fully understood. A simple, but false, explanation is thus attractive: it is always better than no explanation at all – explains Prof. Duch.
Sinks of false beliefs
In his article, Prof. Duch presents one of the possible mechanisms of conspiracy theories formation in the brain.
Emotional excitement or uneasy situations induce temporarily higher neuroplasticity of the brain to make it memorize situations that affect us. After a traumatic situation a suddenly appearing explanationcan rapidly reduce the brain plasticity, ‘freezing’ false images – explains Prof. Duch. – All kinds of gossip becomes unambiguously associated with emotional experience. The flowing of new information is combined with the embedded traces of memory; it can self-organize to create memes attracting many accidental patterns of brain activation that represent memories and concepts. In neural networks such states are called attractors. On the mental level they appear as memes, with many accidental and false associations, destroying relationships between different states of memory. This model of formation of conspiracy beliefs can be called the rapid freezing of high neuroplasticity (RFHN).
– We can now imagine that such condensation of conceptual framework starts to cause the association of the same trace of memory with completely unrelated observations – continues prof. Duch. – It is the model I tried to present in computer simulations: there appear states so condensed with conceptual framework that practically everything merges into one place. In the terminology of dynamic systems many attractor states form a “sink”. ( fig.)
This is why struggling with conspiracy theories is so difficult. In the brains of those who believe in them (even if they hear an argument contradictory to what they think), memeplexes, i.e. complexes of memes related to a given topic, emerge.
And when it emerges, it is also reinforced, says Prof. Duch. In the brain neural network each excitation of memory reinforces its pattern of activation, causing stronger associations of different, even most distant, information. Such memory trace creates a “basin of attraction” in our conceptual framework, and more and more thoughts and observations fall into this basin. It is a physical process. It is something that cannot be changed by simple persuasion. And the physical change of brain’s connections is difficult because it requires highly energy-consuming processes.
Subtle processes
Prof. Duch admits that in the near future he does not consider performing experiments involving the human brain.
– Such experiments would be considered unethical because, to some extent, they would be based on confusing people’s minds. It is also difficult to see subtle changes on the neuronal level with the current experimental techniques. Nevertheless, we have a range of sophisticated tools which may soon help us achieve more. The world is big and many good research teams continue their studies. I hope my work will inspire others to start investigations in this area – says Prof. Duch.
As the researcher from Toruń emphasizes, the simulations he presents should attract attention to the need of analyzing the types of distortions which commonly appear in the neural networks. More complex neural models will be necessary to enable predictions comparable to results given by neuroimaging and behavioral experiments. But even such simple models can be applied to illustrate the presumed processes responsible for the formation of different conspiracy theories. The next step will be to perform more sophisticated simulations.
Over the past few years, UFOs have earned air time on primetime news and Unidentified Aerial Phenomenon (UAPs) have appeared in front-page stories published by The New York Times.
Question: What has happened in the last few years to bring these kinds of stories back to mainstream national attention?
A recent panel held as part of a two-day Future Security Forum co-hosted by Arizona State University (ASU) and New America on Sept. 13 and 14 explored this topic.
Credit: DOD/U.S. Navy/Inside Outer Space screengrab
Serious reports
ASU has released a press statement on the meeting, detailing aspects the segment on UFOs/UAPs:
“For a long time the feeling of the military between 1947 and roughly 1953 was this is a very tense post-war moment, the beginning of the Cold War. … It seemed very possible that foreign adversaries like the Soviets had developed craft that could easily outmaneuver us and travel several times faster than the speed of sound, and so it was a very real concern that there were things in our airspace that we couldn’t account for,” said Gideon Lewis-Kraus, 2017 national fellow at New America and staff writer for The New Yorker.
“But the point was serious reports were coming in from credible people, people like military pilots, civilian pilots. There were hundreds of these (reports) coming into the Air Force every year. So, the feeling was something had to be done about the fact that all of these strange sightings were happening.”
GOFAST Credit: DOD/U.S. Navy/Inside Outer Space screengrab
Countervailing tendencies
Lewis-Kraus added that, on the other hand, the U.S. wanted to project a powerful image of itself and not acknowledge things that it didn’t understand — UFOs — were entering its airspace, causing American officials’ opinions on the matter to split.
“There was also the feeling that we could not show that we were ignorant of stuff going on in our airspace, we couldn’t show that there were repeated incursions into our airspace, potentially by adversaries that we couldn’t account for — and especially in the early moments of the Cold War, we never wanted to project that kind of weakness,” Lewis-Kraus said.
“So, there were two countervailing tendencies among officials. There was the feeling we should take weird things seriously because it’s the only way we’re going to learn there’s stuff going on that’s beyond our ken, and on the other hand, we need to prevent people from taking weird things too seriously or it’ll look like no one’s minding the store.”
Credit: Amazon
Mainstream media
These differing approaches on addressing UFO sightings ultimately culminated in congressional hearings in the 1960s and the publication of a report, “Scientific Study of Unidentified Flying Objects,” which dismissed the phenomenon, despite the government still keeping track of UFO sightings unbeknownst to the general public.
“To some extent, the history of this time shows that UFO conspiracy theories aren’t totally wrong to believe that there was in fact a concerted effort to get people not to take this stuff seriously, and it worked. After about 1970, that’s when you start seeing the mainstream media making fun of these things — you see most official announcements making fun of these things,” Lewis-Kraus said.
“But at the same time, behind the scenes, you still have people taking it seriously because the concerns about potential national security implications never went away. So, the decision was in public we still need to project strength, we need to show we know what’s going on and that we’re never left puzzled by flying enigmas.”
One possible reason that stories of UFO sightings are now appearing on mainstream outlets more frequently is because of increased interest among a new generation of officials.
“There’s no reason to believe that our high-ranking government officials, both elected and in the military, are prone to have more reasonable, rational beliefs than the rest of us,” Lewis-Kraus said. “The sort of cynical answer is well, lots of people are interested in UFOs, so this [is] a matter of a few kind of ‘UFO nuts’ who managed to end up in positions of power where they could fund UFO studies.”
Credit: DARPA
Drone swarms
Another reason for the increase in dialogue around UFO sightings: the widespread adoption and deployment of drone technology.
“It’s no surprise that this has coincided with the early years of widespread drone deployment, and increasingly over the last couple years, there’s definitely some evidence that at least some of these mysterious UFO sightings over our carrier groups probably represented drone swarms,” Lewis-Kraus said.
“And so then the balance that had set the taboo in motion began to shift, that all of the sudden it seemed less important for us to emphasize that we knew everything that was going on in the air and a little bit more important for us to say, ‘Look, if we’re hearing weird things from our pilots, we might need to concede our puzzlement in public in order to make sure that we are getting good information from the people who are on the front lines to tell us what’s going on.’”
But the government’s ambivalence about publicizing UFO sightings is unlikely to change anytime soon.
“There’s always this question of to what extent do you want to leave yourself open and vulnerable by saying that you don’t know what’s going on,” he said. “And I think that the UFO story is a great case study in why exactly we would admit uncertainty and ambivalence and why we would hide that uncertainty and ambivalence.”
New America and Arizona State University are pleased to invite you to the 2021 Future Security Forum, which will be held online September 13-14, 2021. This year’s Forum marks the 20th anniversary of the 9/11 attacks. Forum sessions will reflect on the past 20 years of U.S. security policy, and chart the next 20 years of national and international security trends.
The Forum is the premier annual event of New America and Arizona State University’s Future Security project—a research, education, and policy partnership that develops new paradigms for understanding and addressing new and emerging global challenges. Forum sessions will discuss the security situation in Afghanistan, diversity in the security policy community, the future of special operations forces, the global outlook on COVID-19, and more.
Co-sponsors for the 2021 Future Security Forum are Joint Special Operations University and the Strategic Studies Institute of the U.S. Army War College.
Videobeelden tonen mysterieus lichtverschijnsel boven Vlaanderen: “Geen ufo, maar de lancering van een satelliet
Videobeelden tonen mysterieus lichtverschijnsel boven Vlaanderen: “Geen ufo, maar de lancering van een satelliet"
Het Belgische UFO-meldpunt ontving gisterenavond heel wat meldingen, berichten en foto’s van een ongewoon lichtverschijnsel dat plotseling boven Vlaanderen was verschenen. De oorsprong van het lichtverschijnsel bleek geen ufo te zijn, maar wel de lancering van de aardobservatiesatelliet Landsat 9, zo stelt het meldpunt gerust.
Gisterenavond, iets na 23 uur, verscheen er plotseling een ongewoon lichtverschijnsel aan de hemel. Op de beelden die nieuwsgierige en/of ongeruste Vlamingen maakten, is te zien hoe een kegelvormig object of een vliegende driehoek zich naar boven lijkt te verplaatsen. Geen ufo, zo stelt het Belgische UFO-meldpunt gerust, maar gewoon de Landsat 9.
“Ook vanmorgen zijn er nog meldingen binnengekomen”, zegt Frederick Delaere van het UFO-meldpunt. Sommige mensen schrijven daarin dat ze ongerust zijn, hoewel ze eigenlijk een vrij uniek verschijnsel mochten waarnemen: “Het komt niet zo vaak voor dat je zo'n lancering ziet”, legt Delaere uit. “Het moet in de eerste plaats al helder weer zijn."
Bekijk hier het gesprek met UFO-meldpunt België:
UFO-meldpunt België: "Zichtbaarheid komt niet zo vaak voor"
Ook in Nederland was de lancering zichtbaar. “Als heel wat mensen uit een grote regio hetzelfde zien, weten we dat het zich hoog in de atmosfeer afspeelt”, zegt Delaere nog.
Landsat 9
De Landsat 9 werd gisteren vanop de Vandenberg lanceerbasis in Californië in een polaire baan om de aarde gebracht. Het gaat om een van de meest geavanceerde aardobservatiesatellieten die elke zestien dagen onze aarde gedetailleerd in beeld zal moeten brengen. Het gaat om een gezamenlijk project van de Amerikaanse ruimtevaartorganisatie NASA en de US Geological Survey. Het is al van 1972 geleden dat de eerste Landsat werd gelanceerd.
The Belgian UFO hotline received several messages on Monday evening after concerned citizens saw a mysterious light in the sky over Flanders.
Reports of a mysterious cone-shaped object started coming in a little after 11:00 PM, but after looking at the images the hotline stepped in to provide an explanation.
“Last night, a little after 11 pm, several people saw a strange light phenomenon in the sky above Flanders,” the group wrote on Facebook. “It appears to be the launch of the Landsat 9 satellite. This happened yesterday from California with the Atlantis V-401 launcher. #UFOs”
The earth observation satellite Landsat 9 is the latest in a long line of Landsat satellites. After the first one launched in 1972, NASA has always kept a Landsat in orbit to collect images of the physical material covering our planet’s surface and changes to land usage.
Researchers use those images to monitor agricultural productivity, forest extent and health, water quality, coral reef habitat health, and glacier dynamics.
“The Landsat mission is like no other,” said Karen St. Germain, director of the Earth Science Division at NASA Headquarters in Washington. “For nearly 50 years, Landsat satellites observed our home planet, providing an unparalleled record of how its surface has changed over timescales from days to decades.”
Landsat 9 will work alongside Landsat 8 to collect images across the planet every eight days.
“It doesn’t happen very often that you see a launch like that,” Frederick Delaere of the UFO hotline told HLN. “If a lot of people from a large region see the same thing, we know that it is happening high in the atmosphere,” he added.
NASA Rocket from California mistaken for UFO over Suffolk
NASA Rocket from California mistaken for UFO over Suffolk
Timothy Bradford
This strange cone which was seen across the UK last night was actually the engine plume of a NASA rocket returning to earth
Credit: Marc Osbourne
People across Suffolk reported seeing a strange glowing triangle in the sky last night, with many jumping to the conclusion that it was a UFO.
At around 10pm stargazers began to post on social media about the mysterious object in the sky.
One Facebook user asked if it "could have been the spotlight of an Apache helicopter through the clouds", while others checked flight radar to see if they could identify the object.
But now it has been confirmed that the mysterious triangle was a NASA rocket slowing down before it re-entered the atmosphere.
The Rocket was sighted across Suffolk
Credit: Nick Lingard
The American Atlas V Rocket had been launched from Vanderberg Space Force base in California earlier that day.
The 590 ton, 58 meter tall rocket was designed by Lockheed Martin and operated by United Launch Alliance.
On board the rocket was Landsat 9, a NASA satellite launched into orbit to observe the land surface of the Earth.
The satellite is used for monitoring landscapes across the world, including observing deforestation, urban expansion and glacial retreat. It is the latest in a 50 year history of the program.
According to the mission website: "Landsat 9 will extend our ability to measure changes on the global land surface at a scale where we can separate human and natural causes of change.
"When land use and resource availability issues arise, Landsat 9 will help decision makers make informed management decisions.
"Landsat 9 will thus contribute a critical component to the international strategy for monitoring the health and state of the Earth."
The engine plume of the centaur upper stage from the Landsat mission was seen as it deorbited itself to avoid becoming space junk seen over East Anglia
Credit: Aaron Fickling
The satellite was successfully delivered into orbit — the photographs show the rocket's upper stage burning its engines in order to bring itself back into the atmosphere, where it can be safely burnt up.
NASA does this with spacecraft to avoid space junk, which can be dangerous for both satellites and manned missions.
The Swansea UFO network shared a picture of the light but assured their followers that it was the Atlas V rocket entering the atmosphere.
"Seen over Swansea/Wales/Uk last night around 10 30pm but don`t worry it’s the Atlas V rocket entering the atmosphere, to deliver 9 satellites to orbit! The rocket launched from California and was last seen heading north across the U.K," Swansea UFO Network wrote.
NASA’s Planetary Radar Spots Its 1,000th Near-Earth Asteroid
NASA’s Planetary Radar Spots Its 1,000th Near-Earth Asteroid
2021 PJ1, a near-Earth asteroid between 20 and 30 m (66-98 feet) across, safely flew past Earth on August 14, 2021 at a distance of over 1.7 million km (1 million miles). The approach was historic, marking the 1,000th near-Earth asteroid to be observed by NASA’s planetary radar in just over 50 years.
An artist’s impression of an asteroid.
Image credit: Mark A. Garlick, Space-art.co.uk / University of Warwick / University of Cambridge.
“Since the first radar observation of the asteroid 1566 Icarus in 1968, this powerful technique has been used to observe passing near-Earth objects (NEOs): asteroids and comets,” said Dr. Lance Benner of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and colleagues.
“These radar detections improve our knowledge of NEO orbits, providing the data that can extend calculations of future motion by decades to centuries and help definitively predict if an asteroid is going to hit Earth, or if it’s just going to pass close by.”
“For example, recent radar measurements of the potentially hazardous asteroid Apophis helped eliminate any possibility of it impacting Earth for the next 100 years.”
“In addition, they can provide scientists with detailed information on physical properties that could be matched only by sending a spacecraft and observing these objects up close.”
Depending on an asteroid’s size and distance, radar can be used to image its surface in intricate detail while also determining its size, shape, spin rate, and whether or not it is accompanied by one or more small moons.
In the case of 2021 PJ1, the asteroid was too small and the observing time too short to acquire images.
But as the 1,000th NEA detected by planetary radar, the milestone highlights the efforts to study the NEAs that have passed close to Earth.
“2021 PJ1 is a small asteroid, so when it passed us at a distance of over a million miles, we couldn’t obtain detailed radar imagery,” Dr. Benner said.
“Yet even at that distance, planetary radar is powerful enough to detect it and measure its velocity to a very high precision, which improved our knowledge of its future motion substantially.”
The astronomers used the 70-m (230-foot) Deep Space Station 14 (DSS-14) antenna at NASA’s Deep Space Network’s Goldstone Deep Space Complex near Barstow, California, to transmit radio waves to 2021 PJ1 and receive the radar reflections.
“Of all the asteroids observed by planetary radar, well over half were observed by the large 305-m (1,000-foot) telescope at Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico before it was damaged and decommissioned in 2020,” they said.
“Goldstone’s DSS-14 and 34-m (112-foot) DSS-13 antennas have observed 374 near-Earth asteroids to date.”
“14 NEAs have also been observed in Australia using antennas at the Deep Space Network’s Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex to transmit radio waves to the asteroids and the CSIRO’s Australian Telescope Compact Array and Parkes Observatory in New South Wales to receive the radar reflections.”
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This article is based on text provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
UFO bombshell as pilots claim they've seen hundreds – but fear they'll be called 'nuts'
UFO bombshell as pilots claim they've seen hundreds – but fear they'll be called 'nuts'
EXCLUSIVE One pilot told the Daily Star Sunday that most will use phrases like "unidentified traffic" or "aerial phenomena" rather than unidentified flying objects
Pilots say they have seen hundreds of UFOs but reporting them could cost their jobs.
The commercial and military aviators claim any crew member who speaks out is risking their career.
One pilot said airline bosses are so hostile to ET claims that a colleague was told to get counselling after reporting a UFO.
Another told the Daily Star Sunday: "When someone says UFO everyone thinks they are referring to aliens but that is not always the case, especially with the surge in drone activity.
"Most pilots will use phrases like unidentified traffic or aerial phenomena. No one wants to say UFO.
Many pilots claim to have seen 'UFOs' in the skies(Image: Getty Images/iStockphoto)
"If you say UFO people think you are either drunk, on drugs or nuts."
Their fears emerged on an online forum for pilots.
One member said: "Many airline pilots, self included, and military pilots have had encounters at altitude with UFOs over many decades and before the internet.
"Encounters are reported internally and amongst colleagues and seldom reach the media.
A pilot claimed they fear being branded 'nuts' if they come forward about their sightings(Image: Getty Images/Stocktrek Images)
"When you are fortunate to be a close witness, it is really quite serious stuff.
"There are advantages in having an office window at 37,000ft."
Another said that he first saw a UFO 30 years ago when he was flying a cargo jet from Singapore to Brisbane.
He said: "It was 2am local time and my co-pilot asked air traffic control, 'Do you have traffic in our vicinity?' Negative was the response.
The unidentified objects could be drones(Image: Getty Images/iStockphoto)
"Not long after, we saw something we, shall we say, shouldn’t have seen. No, we didn’t query air traffic control."
Earlier this year an American Airlines pilot was recorded saying he saw something moving in a cloud.
The pilot asked: "Do you have any targets up here?
"We just had something go over the top of us that, I hate to say this, but it looked like a long cylindrical object that almost looked like a cruise missile type of thing moving really fast right over the top of us."
There have been several new developments regarding C/2014 UN271 – also known as the largest comet that’s ever been detected in modern times. The comet, which was discovered by Pedro Bernardinelli and Gary Bernstein, is believed to have come from about 40,000 Astronomical Units (AU) away in the Oort Cloud (one AU is the distance of Earth from the sun).
The first bit of news is that the comet finally grew a tail. When it was at a distance of around 29 AU away, it wasn’t showing the normal characteristic of a comet, such as having a tail. However, when it was at 19 AU away, astronomers at the Las Cumbres Observatory in South Africa took some images of C/2014 UN271 and noticed a fuzzy border which was created from vaporized material from the sunlight which meant that it was definitely a comet. Furthermore, it also started forming a tail. (A picture of C/2014 UN271 with its fuzzy border taken by the Las Cumbres Observatory can be seen here.)
Comet C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein), as seen in a synthetic color composite image made with the Las Cumbres Observatory 1-meter telescope at Sutherland, South Africa, on 22 June 2021. The diffuse cloud is the comet’s coma.
Credit: LOOK/LCO
An orbital diagram showing the path of Comet C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli-Bernstein) through the Solar System. The comets’ path is shown in gray when it is below the plane of the planets and in bold white when it is above the plane.
Credit: NASA
(Not C/2014 UN271)
The second piece of news was that C/2014 UN271 became brighter for a short amount of time. According to data collected by the Las Cumbres Observatory’s 1-m telescope, the comet had faded, but later showed a burst of brightness. The brightness occurred on September 11th when it was located approximately 19.89 AU from the sun.
The last bit of news is regarding its size. Initial estimates claimed that C/2014 UN271 had a diameter that was anywhere between 62 and 124 miles (between 100 and 200 kilometers). This was very significant and jaw-dropping because that would mean that it was about ten times wider than a normal comet. Astronomers revealed those estimates based on the amount of sunlight that was reflecting off of its icy body. Now, however, new analysis of the comet has narrowed down its estimated size to being 93 miles in diameter (150 kilometers).
(Not C/2014 UN271)
While these new facts regarding C/2014 UN271 are very interesting, it is still very far from us at a distance of about 19.37 AU away from Earth. It has traveled about 7 AU in the last year but it will still be a while before it makes its closest approach to us which has been predicted to happen on April 5, 2031 when it will be at a distance of 10.11 AU away. To put this into better perspective, when it makes its closest approach in 2031, it will be about the same distance that Saturn is to the sun.
In the next ten years, scientists should gather even more amazing data and facts about the largest comet ever detected.
Blue Origin lanceert op 12 oktober tweede vlucht met ruimtetoeristen
Blue Origin, het ruimtevaartbedrijf van Amazon-baas en rijkste mens ter wereld Jeff Bezos, heeft zijn tweede commerciële ruimtevlucht aangekondigd. Die zal op 12 oktober plaatsvinden en de eerste twee passagiers zijn al bekendgemaakt, schrijft Tweakers. Blue Origin voerde in juli zijn eerste toeristenvlucht uit, met Bezos zelf aan boord.
De tweede commerciële passagiersvlucht van Blue Origin is te zien als de echte start van het programma voor ruimtetoerisme van het bedrijf. In juli werd al de eerste vlucht succesvol uitgevoerd en hoewel de stoeltjes aan boord te koop waren, ging er uiteindelijk maar één betalende passagier mee. Amazon- en Blue Origin-oprichter Jeff Bezos besloot de overige drie stoeltjes te vullen met zichzelf, zijn broer en luchtvaartlegende Wally Funk.
De eerste twee betalende crewleden van de nieuwe missie, die vertrekt op 12 oktober om 15:30 uur Belgische tijd, zijn bekendgemaakt: het gaat om Australiër Chris Boshuizen en Amerikaan Glen de Vries. Boshuizen werkte jarenlang als onderzoeker bij ruimtevaartagentschap NASA en is medeoprichter van Planet Labs. De Vries is medeoprichter van technologiebedrijf Medidata, dat software ontwikkelt en op de markt brengt als dienst voor klinische proeven.
Wat de twee betalen voor de vlucht, is niet bekendgemaakt. Ruimtetoeristen kunnen zich via e-mail melden bij Blue Origin voor een vlucht in de New Shepard-raket, maar prijzen zijn niet openbaar. Wie de overige passagiers zijn van de tweede commerciële vlucht, wordt in de komende dagen bekendgemaakt, aldus Blue Origin.
18-jarige Nederlander
De persoon die het hoogste bod uitbracht om mee te gaan op de allereerste vlucht, heeft zijn ruimtereis overigens nog tegoed. De planning van die eerste vlucht kwam de bieder niet uit, waardoor een andere bieder mee kon. Dat werd de 18-jarige Nederlander Oliver Daemen - zijn vader was een van de bieders. Na de succesvolle eerste vlucht zei Blue Origin al dat er dit jaar nog twee vluchten verwacht werden en dat er ‘veel meer’ volgen in de toekomst. Het bedrijf zegt al veel geïnteresseerde klanten te hebben.
Eerste bemande ruimtevlucht van Jeff Bezos is succes
Concurrentie
Dit jaar zijn Blue Origin, SpaceX en Virgin Galactic alle drie begonnen met hun programma voor ruimtetoerisme. Virgin Galactic, het ruimtevaartbedrijf van Virgin-oprichter Richard Branson, voerde in juli een eerste bemande commerciële testvlucht uit en ook daar ging de oprichter mee aan boord voor de primeur.
Volgens de website van het bedrijf zijn er nog tickets beschikbaar voor dit jaar, maar een volgende vlucht is nog niet ingepland. Het programma ligt stil omdat de Amerikaanse Federal Aviation Authority (FAA) een onderzoek doet naar de eerste vlucht. Daarbij zou afgeweken zijn van de aangewezen vluchtruimte en het bedrijf zou dat niet hebben doorgegeven aan de luchtvaartautoriteit.
SpaceX, het bedrijf van Tesla-baas Elon Musk, rondde zijn eerste missie met vier ruimtetoeristen op 19 september succesvol af. Daarbij spendeerden de vier passagiers vier dagen in een Crew Dragon-capsule en bereikten ze een hoogte van 560 kilometer. Virgin Galactic en Blue Origin voeren anderzijds veel kortere vluchten uit, waarbij de passagiers enkele minuten de Kármánlijn bereiken, op zo’n 100 kilometer hoogte.
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What Happens to Interstellar Objects Captured by the Solar System?
What Happens to Interstellar Objects Captured by the Solar System?
Now that we know that interstellar objects (ISOs) visit our Solar System, scientists are keen to understand them better. How could they be captured? If they’re captured, what happens to them? How many of them might be in our Solar System?
One team of researchers is trying to find answers.
We know of two ISOs for certain: ‘Oumuamua and comet 2I/Borisov. There must’ve been others, probably many of them. But we’ve only recently gained the technology to see them. We’ll likely discover many more of them soon, thanks to new facilities like the Vera C. Rubin Observatory.
In a new paper submitted to The Planetary Science Journal, a trio of researchers have dug into the question of ISOs in our Solar System. The title of the paper is “On the Fate of Interstellar Objects Captured by our Solar System.” The first author is Kevin Napier from the Dept. of Physics at the University of Michigan.
As things stand now, there’s no reliable way to identify individual captured objects. If astronomers could catch an ISO in the process of being captured, that would be great. But the Solar System is awfully complex, and that makes identifying ISOs difficult. “Given the complex dynamical architecture of the outer Solar System, it is not straightforward to determine whether an object is of interstellar origin,” the authors write.
‘Oumuamua (L) and comet 2I/Borisov (R) are the only two ISOs we know of for certain. Image Credits: Left: By Original: ESO/M. KornmesserDerivative: nagualdesign – Derivative of http://www.eso.org/public/images/eso1737a/, shortened (65%) and reddened and darkened, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=64730303. Right: By NASA, ESA, and D. Jewitt (UCLA) – https://imgsrc.hubblesite.org/hvi/uploads/image_file/image_attachment/31897/STSCI-H-p1953a-f-1106×1106.png, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=83146132
There wasn’t much opportunity to study either ‘Oumuamua or Borisov. They were identified as ISOs by their hyperbolic excess velocity. That means an object has the right trajectory and a high enough velocity to escape a central object’s gravity. In this case, the central object is, of course, the Sun.
So, could ISOs be captured? Quite likely. “The first step in rigorously investigating this question is to calculate a capture cross-section for interstellar objects as a function of hyperbolic excess velocity…” the authors write.
But that’s just the first step, according to the authors. “Although the cross-section provides the first step toward calculating the mass of alien rocks residing in our solar system, we also need to know the lifetime of captured objects.” The researchers calculated the lifetime of the objects using simulations, tried to understand what happens to them over time in our Solar System, and then came up with a current inventory of captured ISOs.
The researchers identified three overall trends:
To survive for more than a few million years, captured objects must somehow lift their pericenters beyong Jupiter. (In this case, survival means staying bound to the Solar System.)
Objects on highly-inclined orbits tend to survive for longer than those on planar orbits.
No object achieved permanent trans-Neptunian status (ie q=30 AU.)
In the first case, if an ISO can’t lift its pericenter beyond Jupiter, it’ll probably be pulled into the gas giant and destroyed. In the second case, objects on highly inclined orbits are less likely to encounter a planet because most of the time they’re out of the Solar System’s plane. Objects on planar orbits are more likely to encounter a planet and be perturbed and sent back out into interstellar space. In the third case, it’s difficult for an ISO to achieve permanent trans-Neptunian status because it would take a very unlikely chain of events.
This figure from the study shows some simulation results. Each blue line is an individual ISO. The top represents the osculating pericenter distance in AUs. The bottom shows inclination in degrees. In their simulations, individual objects don’t become distinguishable until after about 100 million years. When a blue line ends, that ISO has left the Solar System. Image Credit: Napier et al 2021.
The simulations have some limitations, which the authors explain. They’ve only accounted for the Solar System’s four largest planets and the Sun. The smaller bodies are either not massive to have much effect, or what effect they would have is dwarfed by the Sun. They also ignore out-gassing, radiation pressure from the Sun, or drag from planetary atmospheres, which would be extremely rare anyway, and not likely to affect the results. “Each of these approximations is rather modest, so that including them would make relatively little difference to our conclusions,” they explain.
Overall, the simulation shows that over time most captured bodies would be ejected from the Solar System. It takes a while, though. That’s because most ISOs would simply pass through the system, and the ones that were captured into an unstable orbit of some type would go through many orbits, 30 in this work, before being ejected. That’s because captured objects typically have semi-major axes of 1000 AU with orbital periods of about 30,000 years. So it takes at least one million years before any captured ISOs could be ejected.
This figure from the study shows the surviving fraction of captured ISOs over time. The black points represent the data from the simulation, and the blue line is the best fit according to the equation. It takes at least about 1 million years before enough orbits take place for an ISO to be ejected. Image Credit: Napier et al 2021.
The researchers also calculated the populations of captured ISOs that might be in our Solar System currently. They point out that there are two distinct time periods when objects can be captured that are of interest. The first is in the early days of the Solar System when the Sun is still in its birth cluster of stars, and objects from within that cluster could be captured. The second is when the Sun resides in the field.
In their simulations, the trio of scientists used 276,691 synthetic captured interstellar objects. Of those, only 13 survived for 500 million years, and only three objects survived for one billion years. But these results come with detailed caveats that are best explained in the paper itself.
The authors point out that their simulations might be useful in understanding panspermia. If the chemicals necessary for life, or even life itself, can somehow travel between solar systems, the ISOs likely play a role. Maybe the most prominent role.
They also mention the Planet Nine scenario. One of the authors of this paper, Konstantin Batygin, along with Michael E. Brown, hypothesized a so-called Planet Nine. The Planet Nine hypothesis states that another planet about 5 to 10 times the mass of Earth is in a wide orbit with a semi-major axis of 400 to 800 AUs. Planet Nine, if it exists, would take between 10,000 and 20,000 years to complete one orbit around the Sun.
According to this paper, when included in the simulations, Planet Nine “…yielded rich dynamics that did not appear in the simulations including only the four known giant planets.”
One of the most shocking and controversial videos in history. A small clip of a supposed secret mission of the ISIS Project, from the former Soviet Union, where they recover the remains of an «alien mummy».
The images show the alleged expedition of the ISIS Project
According to different researchers, the KGB had created the ISIS Project to search for the mummified corpse of an “ancient astronaut” called “The Visitor.”
This being would have visited the Egyptians in ancient times, giving them knowledge and advanced technology that helped them grow as a civilization.
ISIS Project What is behind this event?
The Ancient Astronaut theory suggests that, in the remote past, extraterrestrial beings visited ancient civilizations and helped them develop. Thus the leap to modern civilization was made.
These ancient societies made such drastic advances, and in such a short time , that they reached standards never seen before. The proof of this are the monuments that persist even today. These are possibly the strongest proof that they received alien assistance.
Even so, there are many skeptics who discredit the ISIS Project, assuring that it is nothing more than an invention. However, 1998, Sci-Fi TV released a documentary titled The Secret KGB Abduction Files, which could prove its veracity.
The documentary shows black and white images of the expedition to the Egyptian desert in search of the “Visitor’s Tomb”, as the website UFO International Project called it.
The Soviets launched Project ISIS during the Cold War in 1960 . The mission was to obtain the remains of “The Visitor”, as well as the hidden technological artifacts and manuscripts.
They were convinced that advanced military science and technology existed within that information, which would give it an advantage over the United States.
The main motivation of the Soviet Union was to ” match ” the North American country in terms of technology. Well, they were convinced that they had obtained advanced technology thanks to the Roswell incident .
The Soviet mission included Egyptologists, scientists, engineers, and military specialists from the Soviet Academy of Sciences. This team found the body of an alien inside a 13,000-year-old ancient Egyptian tomb .
Was an alien mummy really found?
The story of the “alien grave”
The tomb was discovered accidentally by native Bedouins who became ill and died after opening the tomb. Based on that story, Egyptian officials suspected that he might have technological artifacts and manuscripts with advanced knowledge.
For the time, the Soviet Union and Egypt were allies. Fearing that the United States would obtain information about the tomb, the Egyptians decided to inform the Soviets and assist them in the search.
Sami Sharaf, a close associate of Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser , was the head of the ISIS Project. The images documenting the expedition were obtained through a Russian intermediary linked to the mafia.
The source claimed, in turn, that he obtained the tape from agents who had access to KGB documents.
The video shows when the team entered the tomb , trying to open the sarcophagus without any protective suit.
When the agent lifted the lid, a cloud of dust emanated from inside. The men immediately withdrew, only to return minutes later wearing protective suits and gas masks.
The men recovered the “two meter tall” alien body. Artifacts and manuscripts were also recovered from the tomb, which tell the story of the return of a “Winged Deity.”
Those responsible for Sci-Fi TV stated that forensic experts analyzed and confirmed the veracity of the video. Although skeptics defended themselves that, even if the video was authentic, it is likely that they were opening the sarcophagus of a king.
It has been learned in recent days that China’s National Natural Science Foundation (NNSF) is moving forward with plans to study the construction of a massive, several mile-wide spacecraft, beginning with a five year project that will examine the mechanics of carrying out such an engineering feat in orbit.
Initially reported in theSouth China Morning Post, the plans describe an “ultra-large spacecraft spanning kilometres” that China will hope to eventually build as the country’s spacefaring ambitions look ahead toward crewed missions that will spend long periods in orbit.
As part of China’s ongoing strategic aerospace goals, the proposed mega-spacecraft is one of several projects announced by the NNSF that it says will help to promote “the future use of space resources, exploration of the mysteries of the universe, and staying in long-term orbit,” according to an outline the foundation released online.
China’s ambitious space project is set to be overseen by its Ministry of Science and Technology, according to details contained within the outline.
Launch of the Long March 2F during the Shenzhou-12 mission (China News Service, CC 3.0).
China’s plans aren’t unique, per se, and like past space agencies, their goal is to send components into orbit over the course of several launches that that will facilitate construction of the spacecraft over time.
However, even this long-term assembly plan has its challenges. Each individual launch will require spacecraft carrying construction materials into orbit to minimize its weight in order to facilitate maximum cargo space. While several trips with the purpose of transporting components into orbit have been factored into China’s plans already, the costs associated with multiple launches could still be a limiting factor. In order to realize such ambitious goals, efficiency will be a key priority.
Getting the materials required for construction of the mile-wide spacecraft into orbit won’t be the only hurdle China faces. Once in orbit, additional heightened oversight will be required to manage and control the large amount of material they plan to send into space, which could quickly present challenges throughout the various phases of construction.
Of course, the current study aimed at how China might one day build a “mega spacecraft” follows the country’s successful landing of a rover on Mars earlier this year, which followed its earlier placement of a lunar spacecraft on the far side of the moon. This spring also saw China’s initiation of construction of the Tiangong space station, an orbital spacecraft that, one completed, will be roughly a quarter the size of the International Space Station.
Once Tiangong is constructed, it will help to facilitate future space endeavors China plans to undertake with Russia, in opposition to the United States and other nations with which the latter engages in cooperative space efforts.
China is currently banned from participating in operations aboard the International Space Station, following legislation in 2011 by Congress that identified having Chinese astronauts on board the spacecraft as a potential national security risk.
Follow and connect with author Micah Hanks on Twitter:@MicahHanks
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.