The Sun on 11 April 2022.

(SDAC/SDO/AIA)

Sunspots are dark regions on the surface of the Sun. They are caused by intense magnetic flux from the Sun's interior, according to the Space Weather Prediction Center. These spots are temporary and can last anywhere from hours to months.

The idea of a "dead" sunspot is more poetic than scientific, said Philip Judge, a solar physicist at the High Altitude Observatory at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), but the convection of the Sun breaks these spots apart, leaving in their wake magnetically-disturbed bits of quiet solar surface.  

"Occasionally," Judge wrote Live Science in an email, "sunspots can 'restart,' with more magnetism appearing later (days, weeks) at the same region, as if a weakness was made in the convection zone, or as if there is an unstable region under the surface that is particularly good at generating magnetic fields beneath." 

Related: 

• Strange new type of solar wave defies physics

Whatever the future of AR2987, the sunspot let out a C-class solar flare at 5:21 Universal Time Monday (April 11). Such flares happen when the plasma and magnetic fields above the sunspot give way under stress; they accelerate outward, Judge said, because they would run into dense material if they went downward toward the Sun's interior.

C-class flares are fairly common and rarely cause any impacts on Earth directly. Sometimes, as with today's eruption, solar flares can trigger coronal mass ejections, which are huge eruptions of plasma and magnetic fields from the Sun that travel outward into space at millions of miles per hour. C-class solar flares rarely trigger CMEs, according to SpaceWeatherLive, and when they do, the CMEs are usually slow and weak.

When CMEs hit the magnetic field surrounding Earth, the charged particles within the ejection can travel down the magnetic field lines that emanate from the North and South Poles and interact with the gases in the atmosphere, releasing energy in the forms of photons and creating the shifting, dazzling curtains known as the aurora – the northern and southern lights.

During quiet times on the Sun's surface, a stream of particles known as the solar wind is enough to trigger the aurora in the polar regions. During a large CME, the greater disturbance to the planet's magnetic field means that the aurora may appear over a much broader range.

A so-called cannibal CME raced toward Earth at the end of March, triggering auroras in Canada, the northern US, and New Zealand, Space.com reported. 

The CME released Monday might yield a minor (G1) geomagnetic storm on April 14, meaning that there could be minor impacts on satellite operations and weak fluctuations in the power grid, according to SpaceWeather. The aurora may become visible at lower latitudes than usual, as far south as northern Michigan and Maine.

All of this activity is fairly par for the course for the Sun, according to the Solar Influences Data Analysis Center, part of the Royal Observatory of Belgium. It's a time of increased activity for our nearest star, which goes through periods of quiet and activity known as solar cycles.

The Sun is currently in Solar Cycle 25, the 25th since formal observations began in 1755. The number of sunspots during this cycle is on the upswing and is expected to peak in 2025, which means more opportunities for solar storms – and auroras.

Strong geomagnetic storms were also observed on Sunday (April 10). But according to the Solar Influences Data Analysis Center, there have been no other Earth-directed CMEs observed in the past 24 hours other than the one spit out by AR2987's remnants. 

Related content:

• 15 Unforgettable images of stars
• The 12 strangest objects in the universe
• 9 Ideas about black holes that will blow your mind

This article was originally published by Live Science. Read the original article here.

{  https://www.sciencealert.com/ }

12-04-2022 om 23:37 geschreven door peter  

SpaceX to launch NASA’s SWOT water topography satellite on reused Falcon 9

NASA has modified a contract with SpaceX to allow the company to launch the international Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission on a flight-proven Falcon 9 booster.

NASA announced its original decision more than half a decade ago. The agency awarded SpaceX an unusually expensive $112 million contract in November 2016 to launch SWOT on a Falcon 9 rocket in April 2021. SWOT is expected to weigh less than two tons (~4400 lb) and is headed to a fairly ordinary low Earth orbit (LEO), meaning that the launch won’t be particularly challenging or performance-intensive for SpaceX or Falcon 9. Most importantly, the company will almost certainly be able to recover the mission’s Falcon 9 booster and may be able to perform a return-to-launch-site landing for even greater efficiency.

SWOT’s launch should be almost identical to Sentinel 6A, a similarly light spacecraft that SpaceX successfully delivered to a similar orbit from the same launch pad in November 2020. In fact, both SWOT and Sentinel 6A are essentially flying altimeters designed to use radar altimeters to measure the surface height of Earth’s oceans and other bodies of water. Both also carry microwave-based instruments to determine the amount of water vapor present in Earth’s atmosphere. While Sentinel 6A was largely built by France’s CNES space agency, SWOT is more of a joint effort, with NASA’s Jet Propulsion laboratory providing the main altimeter instrument and completing a significant amount of preliminary integration work.

Sentinel 6A’s Falcon 9 launch and landing. 

(SpaceX)

Nonetheless, SWOT’s parts were sent to CNES facilities in France for final integration. Currently scheduled to launch no earlier than November 2022 after a roughly 1.5-year delay, SWOT will need to be delivered from France to California at least a month or two prior to complete final launch preparations. It remains to be seen if the mission will avoid additional delays in the interim. Prior to most of the mission’s recent delays, NASA’s Office of the Inspector General (OIG) estimated [PDF] that SWOT would cost its partners around $1.15 billion over the spacecraft’s lifetime. Sentinel 6A’s total cost is also expected to be around $1.1 billion.

Once launched, SWOT will operate in a circular ~890-kilometer (~550 mi) orbit with an inclination of around 78 degrees, allowing the spacecraft to singlehandedly observe 86% of Earth’s surface. Sentinel 6A operates in a slightly higher 1336-kilometer (830 mi) orbit at a 66-degree inclination,

The post SpaceX to launch NASA’s SWOT water topography satellite on reused Falcon 9 appeared first on TESLARATI.

Source: 

• https://www.teslarati.com/spacex-nasa-swot-launch-reused-falcon-9/

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12-04-2022 om 23:17 geschreven door peter  

Bible Secret Codes: The Watchers of the Garden of Eden & the Shiny Ones of the Babylon - Documentary Coast to Coast AM

COAST TO COAST AM 2022. The Watchers of the Garden of Eden & The Shiny Ones of the Babylon, Courtesy of Reality Films Distribution: Ancient History Documentary – Sacred divine messages are hidden within the Holy Bible that we are only now beginning to decipher. The truth about the human race are explored with new insight into the Bible Secret Codes.

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12-04-2022 om 23:03 geschreven door peter  

I've Discovered An New Alien Species That Lives In Space! And Its Tiny, Space Station Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: April 12, 2022

Location of sighting: Space Station live cam

 

I want to introduce you to an alien species. Now I have watch the space station cam for about 15 years, reporting some of the more interesting sightings, but letting go of the less interesting ones. During this whole time, once every few weeks something strange would happen when the space station entered the dark side of earth...small creatures would begin swarming around in front of the camera. It was clear to me that these objects were alive, and my old partner (RIP) Streetcap1 agreed with me on it. But we never really talked about it, except with each other.  It seemed impossible to prove, but I think it's time we try. NASA would of course dismiss it as glitches, since they are in denial mode. 

 

Things about this species. 

• Colors are usually solid, but sometimes one makes a different color trail behind it. 
• Colors are usually red, blue, green, or white. 
• They very in shape, size, but are about .5cm long.
• They swarm, meaning they are in groups, like gnats in a park. 
• Their speed is incredibly fast, so fast, most humans would ignore them. 
• They seem to be either chasing food, or mating. 

Russian astronauts already reported finding giant plankton living and thriving on the space stations solar panels...which NASA said may have come from the ocean. Of course they did not, they came from space! Thats how they got to Earth in the first place. These creatures, are similar to plankton, but much smaller at .5cm being the biggest. And they glow so that they can find each other, similar to deep sea fish, shrimp, and jellyfish that glow to both hunt and find each other. 

 

I will call these organisms Firegnats, which are similar to fireflies on earth, which also create their own glow. In the video below, I slowed the speed by 10X so that they are easier to see, however, being so small, its best to make it full screen. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

 

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12-04-2022 om 22:32 geschreven door peter  

SpaceX launched 3 Tourists, UFO Watching! April 8, 2022, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: April 8, 2022

Location of sighting: Kennedy Space Center, Florida, USA

 

There were three paying costumers heading to the space station. Each paid about 55 million US dollars...which was the preview price, but Axiom refused to disclose the actual price, 55 was the advertised price in a few months ago. 

 

I noticed that when the camera changed to a camera further away, a UFO was visible in the video. The UFO showed up for only 3 seconds, but its enough to see its big. The Falcon Heavy rocket is 104 meters tall by 17 meters wide. This UFO is just a little less than the width of the rocket. Which makes the UFO at least 15 meters. Thats huge, its way too big to be a camera drone, which are usually 1 meter or less. Also no drone has a cloaking device, since this UFO was visible less than 3 seconds! Sounds like 100% proof of aliens watching the SpaceX Falcon Heavy launch to me! 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

12-04-2022 om 21:08 geschreven door peter  

Same UFO That Was REC In Hong Kong Was Also Witnessed In Nottingham UK.

A luminous UFO sighted in Hong Kong and quite possibly the same or at the very least maybe the same type of UFO or object that was recorded in Nottingham UK a month prior.

Video Source YouTube Channel Morris Chan

• https://www.youtube.com/shorts/IFSr5D...

Video Source YouTube Channel Coral | Libra Queen

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4T4Kf...

{ https://www.youtube.com/ }

12-04-2022 om 18:40 geschreven door peter  

Woman Who Was Attacked By Aliens In Her Sleep

UFO witness Geri Julian from the Jicarilla Apache Reservation recounts her terrifying experiences of being attacked by two alien beings as she slept.

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{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

12-04-2022 om 18:07 geschreven door peter  

Neptune is even COLDER than we thought: Planet's stratosphere unexpectedly dropped by 14°F between 2003 and 2018, NASA reveals

• Seasons on Neptune change slowly, lasting over 40 Earth-years each

• Researchers analysed thermal infrared images of Neptune over almost 20 years 

• Neptune's stratosphere unexpectedly dropped by 14°F between 2003 and 2018

• But from 2018 to 2020, the stratosphere at the south pole warmed by 20°F

• Researchers are currently unsure what is causing these temperature changes

By SHIVALI BEST FOR MAILONLINE

In its position 2.8 billion miles away from the Sun, it's no surprise that Neptune is one of the coldest planets in the Solar System, with average temperatures of -373°F (-207°C). 

Now, a new study has revealed that the ice giant may be even colder than we originally thought.

Researchers from NASA analysed thermal infrared images of Neptune from multiple observatories over almost 20 years.

Dr Michael Roman, Postdoctoral Research Associate at the University of Leicester and lead author on the study, said: 'This change was unexpected. Since we have been observing Neptune during its early southern summer, we would expect temperatures to be slowly growing warmer, not colder.'

Researchers from NASA analysed thermal infrared images of Neptune from multiple observatories over almost 20 years. Their analysis revealed that average temperatures in Neptune's stratosphere unexpectedly dropped by roughly 14°F (8°C) between 2003 and 2018

In the study, the researchers studied thermal infrared images from a range of observatories, including the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope and Gemini South telescope in Chile, the Subaru Telescope, Keck Telescope, and the Gemini North telescope, all in Hawaii, and NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope.

The images revealed that between 2003 and 2018, temperatures in Neptune's stratosphere – the second layer of the atmosphere as you move upward – dropped by 14°F (8°C).

Like Earth, Neptune experiences seasons.

However, while Earth takes 365 days to complete an orbit around the sun, Neptune takes over 165 years.

This means that seasons on the icy giant change much more slowly, lasting over 40 Earth-years each.

Dr Glenn Orton, Senior Research Scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and co-author of the study, said: 'Our data cover less than half of a Neptune season, so no one was expecting to see large and rapid changes.'

While the thermal data revealed that temperatures across the stratosphere had dropped from 2003 to 2018, surprisingly, the opposite was true for Neptune's south pole from 2018 to 2020.

In the study, the researchers studied thermal infrared images from a range of observatories, including the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope and Gemini South telescope in Chile, the Subaru Telescope, Keck Telescope, and the Gemini North telescope, all in Hawaii, and NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope

The images revealed that between 2003 and 2018, temperatures in Neptune's stratosphere – the second layer of the atmosphere as you upward – dropped by 14°F (8°C)

There, the stratosphere actually warmed by roughly 20°F (11°C) – something that has never been observed before.

The researchers are currently unsure what is causing these temperature changes.

'Temperature variations may be related to seasonal changes in Neptune's atmospheric chemistry, which can alter how effectively the atmosphere cools,' Dr Roman explained.

'But random variability in weather patterns or even a response to the 11-year solar activity cycle may also have an effect.'

Like Earth, Neptune experiences seasons. However, while Earth takes 365 days to complete an orbit around the sun, Neptune takes over 165 years. This means that seasons on the icy giant change much more slowly, lasting over 40 Earth-years each

The Sun follows an 11-year cycle, during which its activity and sunspots vary. Previous research has suggest that Neptune's visible brightness fluctuates based on this cycle, and the new study reveals a possible link between the planet's temperatures too

The Sun follows an 11-year cycle, during which its activity and sunspots vary.

Previous research has suggested that Neptune's visible brightness fluctuates based on this cycle, and the new study reveals a possible link with the planet's temperatures too.

The team now hopes to use the James Webb Space Telescope to further observe the temperature and cloud patterns on Neptune.

Professor Leigh Fletcher, co-author of the study, added: 'The exquisite sensitivity of the space telescope's mid-infrared instrument, MIRI, will provide unprecedented new maps of the chemistry and temperatures in Neptune's atmosphere, helping to better identify the nature of these recent changes.' 

Read more:

• Overview | Neptune – NASA Solar System Exploration

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

12-04-2022 om 00:12 geschreven door peter  

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

11-04-2022 om 23:33 geschreven door peter  

Rotating 3D view of Earth's blobs.

(Cottaar & Lekic/Geophysical Journal International, 2016)

{ https://www.sciencealert.com/ }

11-04-2022 om 23:07 geschreven door peter  

The Fortified Temple at Chankillo.

(Janine Costa/AFP via Getty Images)

While not quite as old as sites like Stonehenge, these ancient ruins, known as Chankillo, are considered a "masterpiece of human creative genius", holding unique features not seen anywhere else in the world. 

Based in the coastal desert of Peru, the archaeological site famously contains a row of 13 stone towers, which together trace the horizon of a hill, north to south, like a toothy bottom grin.

The Thirteen Towers of Chankillo.

(David Edgar/Wikipedia/CC BY-SA 3.0)

Apart from this remarkable structure, known as the Thirteen Towers, the ruins of the observatory also include a triple-walled hilltop complex called the Fortified Temple and two building complexes called the Observatory and the Administrative Center. 

Completed over 2,300 years ago and abandoned in the first century of the common era, the site has remained a mystery to travelers for centuries.

Only when official excavations began at the turn of the 21st century, did archaeologists realize what they were looking at.

Aerial view of the towers.

(Janine Costa/AFP via Getty Images)

Against a barren desert landscape and in broad daylight, the hilltop stone structures, which span roughly 300 meters (980 feet), don't look like much. But it's another story at dawn and dusk.

As the Sun rises in the east, an orb of light emerges somewhere along the ridge of towers. As the year proceeds, so too does the position of the sunrise, almost as though the light is flossing the toothy horizon.

On the summer solstice, for example, the sunrise emerges to the right of the rightmost tower. Whereas on the winter solstice, the sunrise emerges to the left of the leftmost tower.

The Towers of Chankillo were so carefully placed, that when an onlooker stands at a specific observation point below the ridge, they can predict the time of year within two or three days based just on sunrise or sunset. The observation point looking west towards the ridge – this is the Observatory structure – uses the sunset. At what's thought to be the east observation point, all that's left is the incomplete stone outline of a room, but it's in a symmetrical location and would have used the sunrise.

The September equinox, for example, is defined when the Sun sets between the sixth and the seventh tower, as captured in the image below.

The September equinox sunset.

(World Monuments Fund/Youtube Screenshot)

The ancient civilization that designed the solar observatory is barely known, but it would have been one of the oldest cultures in the Americas. In fact, this culture predates the Inca culture, which also excelled at astronomy, by more than 1,000 years.

Because the Chankillo ruins attributed to this civilization are based in the coastal desert between Peru's Casma River and the Sechin river, the original builders are now known as the Casma-Sechin culture.

Similar to the Incas, this civilization would probably have considered the Sun a deity of some sort. The staircases leading up to each tower strongly suggest the site was once used for rituals.

According to archaeological excavations, the observatory was probably built sometime between 500 and 200 BCE. Then, for some reason, the site was abandoned, and the towers fell into disrepair. In their heyday, archaeologists say the structures would have been plastered yellow, ochre or white and painted with graffiti or fingerprints.

Even when stripped of decoration and falling apart, however, the remains of these stone towers still faithfully record the days of the year. Conservation efforts are now under way to uphold the accuracy of the ancient calendar.

In 2021, the Chankillo Archaeoastronomical Complex officially joined the UNESCO World Heritage List for its outstanding craftsmanship and its insight into the worldview of ancient societies.

"Unlike architectural alignments upon a single astronomical target found at many ancient sites around the world, the line of towers spans the entire annual solar rising and setting arcs as viewed, respectively, from two distinct observation points, one of which is still clearly visible above ground," reads the UNESCO description. 

"The solar observatory at Chankillo is thus a testimony of the culmination of a long historical evolution of astronomical practices in the Casma Valley."

You can read even more details about this observatory at the Portal to the Heritage of Astronomy.

{ https://www.sciencealert.com/latest }

11-04-2022 om 22:48 geschreven door peter  

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11-04-2022 om 22:40 geschreven door peter  

Steve Quayle: The Alien Deception

Steve Quayle is a researcher and author of over a dozen books dealing with advanced ancient technology and civilizations. His documentary film production company Gensix Productions films the “True Legends The Series” all over the world in search of the Lost Cities and the giants of history who were the builders of the great megalithic structures of the ancient world.

Steve is a former talk radio show host who has been warning against genetic armageddon and the end of the human race for decades. He claims transhumanism and the hybrid age is the most dangerous advancement in the technological war against humanity in history.

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{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

11-04-2022 om 22:06 geschreven door peter  

Space Force is Releasing Decades of Tracking Data on a Thousand Bright Meteor Fireballs

When a meteoroid enters the Earth’s atmosphere at a very high speed it heats up. This heating up produces a streak of light and is termed a meteor. When a meteor is bright enough, about the brightness of Venus or brighter, it becomes a fireball. Sometimes these fireballs explode in the atmosphere, becoming bolides. These bolides are bright enough to be seen even during the day.

Studying bolides as they pass through the atmosphere can help model larger asteroids, something of interest to the Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO) which is run by NASA. These asteroids can be deadly if they are large enough, and learning how to predict their behavior is essential to protecting our planet from a devastating impact with long-term implications for the survival of many species on Earth.

Information on these bolides is collected by U.S. government sensors run by the U.S Space Force and is shared with the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory’s Center for Near Earth Object Studies (CNEOS). NASA has been tasked with detecting and categorizing near-Earth Objects (NEOs) that may be detrimental to our planet in an effort to find ways to divert or otherwise remove the threat they pose. The information they have for nearly one thousand bolide events goes back to 1988.

This recent release of data gave CNEOS more detailed information, namely details on the light-curve of bolides as they enter the Earth’s atmosphere. The light-curve describes the varying brightness of a bolide as it passes through the atmosphere.

Using this new information will help researchers in their efforts to determine an object’s strength and composition as well as the approximate total radiated energy and the direction from which it came. All of this information can be used to better understand deadly impactors, helping us predict where they will end up if they are on a course that intersects Earth.

A big enough asteroid impact could be an extinction-level event which occurs when a large amount of biological organisms are wiped out in a short time. This includes animals, plants, fungi, and single-cell organisms. There have been 5 major mass extinctions on our planet in the past 440 million years, the last of which was caused by an asteroid impact that made dust and debris hang in the atmosphere long enough to bring about major climate change which affected Earth’s ecosystem.

The chance of a life-ending asteroid hitting Earth is well below 1% every year. Some scientists say we are overdue for an impact, but this may not take into account the fact that our solar system continues to quiet down from its early stages of development. Stars move farther away from each other as space expands making interstellar objects that may hit us less likely as time moves on.

Should that stop us from trying to find NEOs though? Consider the asteroid 2019 OK that was spotted only one day before passing between the Earth and the moon. That asteroid came within 65,000 km of our planet. It was the size of a football field and would have laid waste to an area about 50 miles across. The continued efforts of CNEOS to locate and categorize NEOs will help reduce the threat of these potential hazards, should we find any.

As of now, NASA has found about 40% of NEOs that are larger than 140 meters (459 feet) in size. They have been directed to find 90% so there are still many left to find. Even when they find all of these there will be the potential for another one to sneak up on us. With all of the information that is being gathered hopefully we will have come up with a plan by then to divert or remove the threat in some way.

More:

• NASA Planetary Defense: Planetary Defense Website
• US Space Force: What is the Space Force?
• Interesting Engineering: What is the Probability of a Huge World-Ending Asteroid Impact?
  

The post Space Force is Releasing Decades of Tracking Data on a Thousand Bright Meteor Fireballs appeared first on Universe Today.

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Source: 

• https://www.universetoday.com/155380/space-force-is-releasing-decades-of-tracking-data-on-a-thousand-bright-meteor-fireballs/

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11-04-2022 om 20:39 geschreven door peter  

Orb Over Buildings In Hong Kong, China 4-7-2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: April 7, 2022
Location of sighting: Hong Kong, China

 

Hey look at this raw footage that an eyewitenss took over the city of Hong Kong, China this week. Morris Chan of Youtube uploaded a video of a glowing orb that was seen high in the sky over the city. The UFO soon decended and moved across the tops of the buildings, dissapearing behind it. This is fantastic raw video of an actual UFO glowing powerfully over the city. The UFO is very similar to the UFO that was seen in Jerusalem about ten years ago in front of tens of thousands of tourists over the holy temple...Dome of Rock. This UFO is about one meter across and has no wings, no propellers, no sound...nothing that could possibly identify it as man made. This is 100% alien made technology. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

11-04-2022 om 18:42 geschreven door peter  

Anew study exploring what people experience when they’re close to death has come to one important conclusion — “near-death experiences” are a real thing, even if we can’t explain them. Kinda like Madona's latest Instagram duckface selfie. 

Countless people have claimed that their life “flashed before their eyes” or that they actually left their body and traveled somewhere else while close to death. 

Critics have called these experiences hallucinations or illusions, but researchers from NYU Grossman School of Medicine say something else is actually happening. 

A team of researchers from several medical disciplines — including neurosciences, critical care, psychiatry, psychology, social sciences, and humanities — have come up with a number of conclusions after reviewing unexplained –lucid – episodes which involve a heightened state of consciousness. 

So really trying to find out what exactly a near-death experience is... 

The main finding is that these events don’t have much in common with the experiences someone has if they’re hallucinating or using a psychedelic drug. Instead, people who have a near-death experience typically report five different events taking place: 

• A Separation from their body with a heightened, vast sense of consciousness and recognition that they’re dying 
• Or They “travel” to a different location 
• Some have said They have a meaningful and purposeful review of their life, involving a critical analysis of all their past actions — basically, their life flashes before their eyes
• Some say they feel they are Going to a place that feels like “home” 
• And the feeling of Returning back to life

Researchers note that the near-death experience usually triggers a positive and long-term psychological transformation in the person. The team notes that people who had negative and distressing experiences while near-death did not experience these kinds of events. 

The team found – It turns out that scientists can actually see physical changes taking place in the brain when someone is close to death. 

Researchers found the presence of gamma activity and electrical spikes when people are technically dying. This is typically a sign of a heightened state of consciousness when scientists measure it using an electroencephalography (EEG). 

The findings further back up the claims from people who say they “left their body” while dying. 

Study authors note that advances in medicine over the last century have brought back countless people from death's door. 

Lead author Sam Parnia said – QUOTE – “The advent of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) showed us that death is not an absolute state, rather, it’s a process that could potentially be reversed in some people even after it has started.” 

Parina continued... “What has enabled the scientific study of death is that brain cells do not become irreversibly damaged within minutes of oxygen deprivation when the heart stops. Instead, they ‘die’ over hours of time. This is allowing scientists to objectively study the physiological and mental events that occur in relation to death.” 

Study authors conclude that neither physiological nor cognitive processes completely end at the moment of death. While prior reports haven’t been able to prove what people are saying about their near-death experiences, the new report finds it’s also impossible to disprove what they’re saying.

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

11-04-2022 om 18:22 geschreven door peter  

UFO Bombshell: Pentagon forced to release secret study into UAP

Breaking UFO news from the Pentagon.. where officials have been forced to release an explosive report about UFOs under freedom of information laws. The new documents lift the lid on a secretive intelligence program, which was run by the United States Defence Force and employed more than 50 agents. The ‘UFO hunters’ researched health impacts on humans who reported paranormal experiences… and the findings are spooky.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

11-04-2022 om 17:43 geschreven door peter  

Two ‘Tic Tac UFOs’ Caught on Video Near SpaceX Launch Site in Florida, Claims Blogger

“”A new spacefaring species… that’s the time they can meet and greet us without any need for permission from governments or presidents,…””

by Andrei Dargalin
via Sputniknews
Image by Peter Lomas – Pixabay

The blogger argued that this supposed UFO sighting was the result of aliens’ interest in data “about the newest rocket technology”.

Scott C. Waring, a prolific blogger with a penchant for seeking out information related to suspected signs of extraterrestrial activity, has announced the discovery of yet another UFO sighting that was apparently filmed in Florida in the vicinity of Playalinda Beach.

The video in question shows what Waring describes as “two tic-tac UFOs shooting behind the SpaceX Falcon rocket” prior to the launch on 9 March.

As the blogger explained, the original video was tweeted by his friend, while Waring himself produced a “close up video of it” and “slowed it down 8X” so that viewers could see the flying “object” which is “long, cylinder shaped, and metallic”.

“There is also another object above it that matches its speed,” he wrote in his blog. “Very strange, especially so close to a rocket launch site.”

The blogger also went on to speculate that this supposed UFO sighting was the result of aliens’ interest in data “about the newest rocket technology”, as such information can “help aliens predict the exact year that humans will begin migrating off Earth onto other planets and moons to live”.

“A new spacefaring species… that’s the time they can meet and greet us without any need for permission from governments or presidents,” he added.

• Andrei Dargalin
  Sputniknews
  Image by Peter Lomas from Pixabay

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10-04-2022 om 23:52 geschreven door peter  

WILL THE FOSSILS WE FIND ON MARS BE FAKES?

_{No, no, this is NOT a broadcast from Moonbat Central! False fossils are objects that look like fossils but aren’t}

As we sift more and more of the surface of Mars, we’d love to find fossils. But then we may run into a problem that dogs paleontologists on Earth. From the University of Edinburgh:

Rocks on Mars may contain numerous types of non-biological deposits that look similar to the kinds of fossils likely to be found if the planet ever supported life, a study says.

Telling these false fossils apart from what could be evidence of ancient life on the surface of Mars — which was temporarily habitable four billion years ago — is key to the success of current and future missions, researchers say.

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH, “LIFE ON MARS SEARCH COULD BE MISLED BY FALSE FOSSILS, STUDY SAYS” AT SCIENCEDAILY (NOVEMBER 16, 2021) THE PAPER REQUIRES A SUBSCRIPTION.

A group of astrobiologists from the Universities of Edinburgh and Oxford have identified dozens of processes that “can produce structures that mimic those of microscopic, simple lifeforms that may once have existed on Mars.”

Dr Sean McMahon, Chancellor’s Fellow in Astrobiology at the University of Edinburgh’s School of Physic and Astronomy, said: “At some stage a Mars rover will almost certainly find something that looks a lot like a fossil, so being able to confidently distinguish these from structures and substances made by chemical reactions is vital. For every type of fossil out there, there is at least one non-biological process that creates very similar things, so there is a real need to improve our understanding of how these form.”

UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH, “LIFE ON MARS SEARCH COULD BE MISLED BY FALSE FOSSILS, STUDY SAYS” AT SCIENCEDAILY (NOVEMBER 16, 2021) THE PAPER IS OPEN ACCESS.

The paper goes into considerable detail; for example, for Mars:

The difficulty of correctly determining the biogenicity of life-like geological substances and structures has continued to plague palaeontology, and the new field of astrobiology, often despite laudable efforts to practice the ‘care, patience, and critical attitude’ recommended by Cloud. For example, McKay et al. (1996) reported multiple lines of evidence in the martian meteorite ALH84001 that were suggestive of past life on Mars, making news bulletins around the world. These included carbonate globules and magnetite crystals resembling bacteriogenic precipitates, polyaromatic hydrocarbon compounds and worm-like microstructures interpreted as morphological fossils. The origins of these features are still unclear today, but abiotic explanations have been offered for all of them, and the overall case for life in ALH84001 no longer seems compelling (Martel et al. 2012). This example warns us that it is not enough to have ‘multiple lines of evidence’ for biogenicity (an oft-repeated mantra) if each line of evidence is ambiguous.

FALSE BIOSIGNATURES ON MARS: ANTICIPATING AMBIGUITY, SEAN MCMAHON AND JULIE COSMIDIS, JOURNAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY, 17 NOVEMBER 2021, HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.1144/JGS2021-050

and for Earth:

Other ongoing debates concern the oldest fossil and geochemical evidence of life on Earth. Schopf (1993) presented fossil ‘cyanobacteria’ from the 3.5-Gyr-old Apex Chert of Western Australia, which were later reinterpreted as abiotic carbon organized around spherulitic quartz growth and/or worm-like delaminated clay booklets (Brasier et al. 2002, 2005; Wacey et al. 2016a). Recent work highlights the possibility that organic matter in such cherts might be biogenic even if it has been abiotically redistributed (Duda et al. 2018), while Schopf et al. (2018) have claimed that morphology-specific carbon isotope values confirm the biogenicity of the Apex microstructures and reveal them to include methane-cycling archaea; this controversy continues (e.g. Alleon and Summons 2019). Nutman et al. (2016) described triangular features exposed on 3.7-Gyr-old metasedimentary rocks from the Isua supracrustal belt in Greenland and interpreted them as fossil stromatolites; these have been reinterpreted by some researchers as abiotic deformation features on the basis of 3D imaging and geochemical analysis (Allwood et al. 2018; Zawaski et al. 2020), although Nutman and co-workers stand by their original view (Nutman et al. 2021). Dodd et al. (2017) described hematite tubules in a c. 4-Gyr-old hydrothermal chert from the Nuvvuagittuq Greenstone Belt in Canada as the mineralized sheaths of ancient Fe-oxidizing bacteria; these have been queried as possible chemical gardens (McMahon 2019), but furtheranalyses are needed.

FALSE BIOSIGNATURES ON MARS: ANTICIPATING AMBIGUITY, SEAN MCMAHON AND JULIE COSMIDIS, JOURNAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY, 17 NOVEMBER 2021, HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.1144/JGS2021-050

The trouble is, simple life forms leave only evidence, not messages so it can sometimes be hard to be sure.

On Earth, we can also be fooled about human tools or footprints. For example, from New Scientist we learn that sometimes, stones smashed by horses or monkeys can be mistaken for fragments of ancient tools.

Or it can go the other way: Just recently, it was discovered that footprints thought to be made by a bear were more probably made by humans 3.7 million years ago:

As bears walk, they take very wide steps, wobbling back and forth,” says senior author Jeremy DeSilva, an associate professor of anthropology at Dartmouth. “They are unable to walk with a gait similar to that of the Site A footprints, as their hip musculature and knee shape does not permit that kind of motion and balance.” Bear heels taper and their toes and feet are fan-like, while early human feet are squared off and have a prominent big toe, according to the researchers. Curiously, though, the Site A footprints record a hominin crossing one leg over the other as it walked — a gait called “cross-stepping.”

“Although humans don’t typically cross-step, this motion can occur when one is trying to reestablish their balance,” says McNutt. “The Site A footprints may have been the result of a hominin walking across an area that was an unlevel surface.”

DARTMOUTH COLLEGE, “FOOTPRINTS FROM SITE A AT LAETOLI, TANZANIA, ARE FROM EARLY HUMANS, NOT BEARS” AT SCIENCEDAILY (DECEMBER 1, 2021) THE PAPER IS OPEN ACCESS.

Other researchers urge caution about the footprints — which reinforces the difficulty of certainty.

It won’t be surprising if we hear heated controversies about whether new finds on Mars are really fossils. But it’s a step in the right direction if astrobiologists have something concrete to argue about.

{ https://mindmatters.ai/ }

10-04-2022 om 23:11 geschreven door peter  

If We Find Fossils On Mars, They Could Be Fake, Scientists Warn

 BY CAROLINE DELBERT

ANADOLU AGENCYGETTY IMAGES

• Mars may be dotted with "signs of life," but we've been fooled before.

• Researchers urge caution in a new paper detailing the history of false "biosignatures."

• Those include archaeological deposits that only look like bacterial cells and carbon-based molecules.

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If we find fossils on Mars, there's a good chance that they're actually fakes, scientists warn in a new paper, published last week in the Journal of the Geological Society. And while it's easy to see how such a thing happens in the foreign atmosphere of space, the researchers say there are centuries of false fossil finds here on Earth, as well. It turns out it's easy to see something and draw the wrong conclusions—so will we get fooled again?

The paper, a review of existing research, looks at evidence of all known processes that could have created life on Mars. "It is often acknowledged that the search for life on Mars might produce false positive results, particularly via the detection of objects, patterns or substances that resemble the products of life in some way but are not biogenic," the authors note. "The success of major current and forthcoming rover missions now calls for significant efforts to mitigate this risk."

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To reduce the risk of false positives, called "false biosignatures," we must look closely at the different processes that can give rise to deposits that appear to be fossils. These types of samples date back as long as people have been discovering geological artifacts on Earth. "In the nineteenth century, intricate layered and tubular structures found in rocks from the Canadian shield were interpreted as ancient forams, designated the 'dawn animal of Canada,'" the researchers explain. Experts later showed that these samples were inorganic, or non-living. This is a common theme. During the 20th century, paleontologists in other places around the world also mistook drag marks for "worm trails," for example, and natural pyrite crystallizations for organisms they named "medusae."

To reduce the risk of false positives, called "false biosignatures," we must look closely at the different processes that can give rise to deposits that appear to be fossils. These types of samples date back as long as people have been discovering geological artifacts on Earth. "In the nineteenth century, intricate layered and tubular structures found in rocks from the Canadian shield were interpreted as ancient forams, designated the 'dawn animal of Canada,'" the researchers explain. Experts later showed that these samples were inorganic, or non-living. This is a common theme. During the 20th century, paleontologists in other places around the world also mistook drag marks for "worm trails," for example, and natural pyrite crystallizations for organisms they named "medusae."

All these examples suggest that we should use caution with samples from Mars. "[T]he return of samples from Mars will not necessarily solve once and for all the problem of the existence of (ancient) life on that planet," the researchers explain. "Although we must hope for definitive results, candidate biosignatures are likely to be at least somewhat ambiguous." In fact, Mars itself has already hosted examples that are rather inconclusive, and Occam's razor—a philosophical principle that states that the simplest explanation is usually the best one—says these should still be taken as ambiguous rather than suggestive.

It's uncomfortable to live with ambiguity, especially when one possible explanation is so cool, like life on Mars. But the scientists urge caution and encourage other researchers to stay in the zone of ambiguity if that's what the evidence suggests. "To give an extreme example from Earth, the biogenicity of the filamentous mineral networks found in 'moss agates' has been unclear for more than 200 years," they explain.

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So what are the potential red flags on Mars? Space programs already plan to do a more thorough exploration of Mars than we've seen from even very successful space probes and surface rovers, so there will almost definitely be new examples from those programs in the future. But to date, there are a couple of well-known examples: "These included carbonate globules and magnetite crystals resembling bacteriogenic precipitates, polyaromatic hydrocarbon compounds, and worm-like microstructures interpreted as morphological fossils."

All, the researchers say, are still ambiguous, with life as just one of many possible explanations. "Environments conducive to the origin and maintenance of life may also, by their very nature, be conducive to the formation of false biosignatures," the researchers say. Indeed, it makes sense that using caution in the beginning could lead to more believable and conclusive outcomes down the line.

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{ https://www.popularmechanics.com/ }

10-04-2022 om 22:56 geschreven door peter