Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS NEARLY 13 YEARS AND 4 MONTH.
ON /30/09/2024 MORE THAN 2.230.520
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
05-08-2022
Pilot Andy Danziger on witnessing a huge UFO on a flight from Kansas to Iowa, 1989 #uap
Pilot Andy Danziger on witnessing a huge UFO on a flight from Kansas to Iowa, 1989 #uap
Large white disc turned into a giant red ball. April 1989, on a flight between Kansas and Iowa.
Witnessed by pilot Andrew Danziger. Date interview: May, 2015.
On April 18, 1962, at around 8:15 p.m., local time, witnesses in Oneida and Cuba, New York, saw a strange object streaking westward across the sky, variously described as looking like a red or blue fireball, “a red flaming sword,” a very bright white light with a bright white trail, or a long cylindrical shape like a cigarette. The object was soon tracked by NORAD, who then alerted the Air Defense Command and at the time no one could figure out what it was, and as they debated over what to do the object began its strange and inscrutable journey west, which would only end after it had crossed ten states and with an apparent explosion of a possible alien craft.
As the object streaked from east to west, it would be witnessed by thousands of people whose testimony soon showed that this was no meteorite. The mysterious object was often seen to change speed and altitude, with some witnesses reporting that it would pass just a few hundred feet from the ground. It also would occasionally surge ahead at great speed only to slow back down again, and its trail would sometimes change colors from a bright yellow to blue. In some cases, it was reported as casting off sparks, emanating a “whooshing” or a “gasping sound,” and there were some reports of the object causing several loud booms and flashing lights as it passed over to disappear from view. As people got a closer look at it they could see that it was very strange, indeed, with one witness even claiming that he had been able to discern a series of square windows on the object almost hidden in the glow of it.
Other witnesses along its course described the object demonstrating some very odd behavior as well. In Eureka, Utah, it was seen to pass low and cause cars to stall and street lights and retail store lights to go out. One witness by the name of Bob Robinson claimed that as he drove along with friend along with Floyd Evans near Nephi, Utah, it had approached his truck to hover over them momentarily, causing it to malfunction and stall, with the vehicle suddenly springing back to life when it was gone. It was also seen to allegedly arc down and land in a remote area around 10 miles southwest of the town and stay there for 42 minutes, during which time it was reported as caused a service disruption at a nearby power plant before taking off again to continue its journey west, after which power to the plant was mysteriously restored. Some witnesses also claimed that there were “military men” snooping around the area right after the incident, looking around and questioning people.
A newspaper clipping of the incident
Several law enforcement personnel saw the object over Utah, including a Sergeant E. C. Sherwood of the Utah Highway Patrol, who saw a bright blue light that he claimed seemed to explode over him while shooting off “a cloud of white sparks.” Indeed, a number of people in the area reported a roaring sound and the loud bangs of what sounded like explosions as the object passed, in some cases a series of twenty of thirty explosions strung together. Joseph Benini, the police chief at the time, also saw a bright light and heard what sounded almost like an artillery shell passing overhead. At the time the thing was being seen by pilots in the air as well. A Bonanza Air Lines pilot said that the light passed beneath his aircraft, and Troop Carrier Squadron, reserve AF pilot and civilian Attorney at Law Captain Herman Gordon Shields saw it as he was flying a Fairchild C-119 Flying Boxcar two miles west of La Van, Utah. He would describe the incident it as follows:
We were approximately 25 degrees of bank on the aircraft and we had turned for about 30 degrees to a heading of about 098 or 100 degrees, somewhere in there, when it began to get very bright in the, cock- pit. The illumination was from above. It built up slowly. My first impression while the intensity was low was that it was the landing lights of another aircraft. Of course, when the intensity increased this was ruled out automatically. The cockpit was illuminated from above. In the C-119 aircraft there is an instrument panel in the middle of the cockpit up above on the ceiling of the cockpit. The light source was coming from this area that was blanked out, in other words, straight behind this instrument panel because neither Lieutenant Larson, who was in the fight seat nor I saw the source of the illumination.
We continued the turn. The light intensity increased until we could see objects [on the ground] as bright as day for a radius of five to ten miles from the aircraft. This would probably be a diameter of twenty miles or so. Objects on the ground, on the hills around us, were clearly distinguishable. Colors were distinguishable. It was as bright as daylight. The intensity of the light diminished faster than it had increased. After the light had decreased in intensity we were still looking for the light source, and I noticed an object to my left between the wing and the lower part of the fuselage of the aircraft against the hills. By this time the light had decreased so that the hills were dark. It was night again.
And this object which I saw was illuminated. It had a long slender appearance comparable to a cigarette in size, that is, the diameter with respect to the length of the object. The fore part, or the lower part of the object was very bright, intense white such as a magnesium fire. The second half, the aft section, was a clearly distinguishable yellowish color. I would say the object was just about divided in half, the fore part being intensely white, the aft section having a more yellow color to it.
In the meantime, the object was being tracked on radar and fighter jets were scrambled at Nellis Air Force base to investigate, and as the object approached Arizona there were jets put in the air from Luke Air Force Base as well. It would eventually pass over ten states and was seen as far west as Reno, Nevada and California, before it apparently was reported as changing course to head back east. Then, at a location somewhere over the Mesquite Range in Nevada around 70 miles northwest of Las Vegas, after being tracked and traced for a total of 32 minutes, there was reported a blinding flash bright enough to later light up the streets of Reno like noonday and visible from five states, followed by a thunderous boom that coincided with the object disappearing completely from radar at an altitude of 10,000 feet, suggesting that whatever it was had blown up in a massive explosion. Local law enforcement was swamped with calls and in the wake of the explosion, the area was reportedly crawling with military personnel, but the official story is that nothing was found.
In the aftermath of this strange series of events, the Air Force would do everything they could to wave it away. They claimed that it had been anything from a meteor to a U2 spy plane or a weather balloon. They would send in J. Allen Hynek, with Project Blue Book, along with Lieutenant Colonel Robert Friend, who quickly concluded after a cursory investigation that the object had been a bolide, or a very bright, exploding meteor. Dr. Robert Kadesch, an associate professor of physics at the University of Utah, would also vocally concur with the bolide theory. Although officially the object would be labelled as “Insufficient Data for a Scientific Analysis,” the military considered it case closed and brushed it away. Although the chief of criminal investigation at Hill Air Force Base, Douglas Crouch, would do his own investigation and find that the witnesses were “logical, mature persons” and come to the conclusion that they had seen a tangible object that was not an aircraft of balloon, saying that there had also been “no unusual meteorological or astronomical conditions present,” the Air Force closed the book on the whole thing and moved on.
This is the way things would stay for decades, and it was mostly forgotten about except for a mention by author Frank Edwards mentioned the crash near Las Vegas in his 1964 book Strange World. It was not until UFO researcher Kevin Randle took a closer look at it when the Air Force declassified their “Blue Book Files” in the 1990s that it would become clear how strange the whole incident was. Randle would thoroughly scour these files and track down witnesses, illuminating the once forgotten case and ultimately coming to the conclusion that what was seen cannot be explained by meteors, aircraft, or weather balloons.
This was a UFO event witnessed by thousands of people across ten states, many of who would be categorized as reliable witnesses such as law enforcement, radar operators, pilots, and military personnel, all of whom were sure that what they had seen was no meteor, balloon, or known aircraft, and it had been tracked by several radar installations. The object changed course and altitude, slowed down and sped up, even landed at one point, and also appeared on radar for 32 minutes, so it seems likely it was no meteor. There were never any reports of downed or missing, no U2 planes or weather balloons scheduled to be in the area at the time, and no military tests in the area at the time either. The descriptions of the object’s appearance also don’t fit any of those explanations, and no known aircraft would be flying so erratically, so what are we dealing with here? What was it and what became of it? How can the brilliant flash and explosion be explained? Did whatever it was blow up and why? Was there some sort of cover up involved? These are all questions we may never have answers to, and it remains a strange, but more little-known case of a mass UFO sighting and possible UFO crash.
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
Filer’s Files Aug 1 2022 - UFOs Swarm Omaha - PART I
Santa Barbara Costa Rica Disk on June 6, 2022
Filer’s Files Aug 1 2022 - UFOs Swarm Omaha - PART I
Major George A. Filer III ret. USAF
New Jersey State Director
MUFON Eastern Region Director
Special reports are: Admiral Lord Hill Norton UFOs Exist, USS Omaha Swarmed by 14 UFOs/UAPs, UFOs Outstrip Our Arsenal by 1,000 Years, UFOs, Inside the Hollow Earth, Operation Highjump, NASA’s Bill Nelson Pushes for Scientific UFO Research, Nano-particles Are Inside UFOs, Farthest Galaxy , and Carbon 60.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Arizona. California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Kansas, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia. and Washington D.C.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Canada, Costa Rica, Ecuador, and England in the United Kingdom.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force and DOD investigated UFOs for more than forty years; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFOs are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.
Special Projects
Admiral Lord Hill Norton UFOs Exist
Admiral Lord Hill Norton
Lord Hill-Norton stated, “The evidence that there are objects which have been seen in our atmosphere, and even on terra firma, which cannot be accounted for either as man-made objects or as any physical force or effect known to our scientists, seems to me to be overwhelming… A very large number of sightings have been vouched for by persons whose credentials seem to me unimpeachable. It is striking that so many have been trained observers, such as police officers and airline or military pilots. Their observations have in many instances… been supported either by technical means such as radar or, even more convincingly, by… interference with electrical apparatus of one sort or another.…” Admiral Lord Hill-Norton, Chief of Defense Staff, Ministry of Defense, Great Britain, 1973; Chairman, Military Committee of NATO, 1974-77; quoted from his foreword to “Above Top Secret” by Timothy Good, Morrow & Co’s Quill Books.
USS Omaha Swarmed by 14 UFOs/UAPs
UFO filmmaker releases 46-second video allegedly showing swarm of objects hovering near Navy ship
USS Omaha Swarmed by 14 UFOs/UAPs off Virginia
Jeremy Corbell posted from the USS Omaha on July 15, 2019. Corbell, a UFO enthusiast and filmmaker behind the 2018 documentary “Bob Lazar: Area 51 & Flying Saucers,” said the footage showed a “significant UFO event series.”
In the clip, a radar screen is shown with as many as 14 objects moving around the ship. At one point, an unidentified man is heard saying, “Holy (expletive)! They’re moving fast. … They’re turning around.
Littoral Combat Ship USS Omaha
LCS is a modular, reconfigura ble ship, designed to meet validated fleet requirements for Surface Warfare, Anti-Submarine Warfare, and Mine Countermeasures missions in the littoral region. An interchangeable mission package is embarked on each LCS and provides the primary mission systems in one of these warfare areas. Using an open architecture design, modular weapons, sensor systems, and a variety of manned and unmanned vehicles to gain, sustain, and exploit littoral maritime supremacy This isn’t the first time Corbell has shared footage claiming to prove the existence of UFOs.
An 18-second clip he shared showing three UFOs hovering over the USS Russell in 2019 was confirmed by the Navy as authentic earlier this year, according to the New York Post. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dPrYVmYkL5wA
Photo of one of craft around the Omaha
After swarming, the Omaha the craft suddenly disappeared, suggesting they flew into the ocean. Navy divers out of Norfolk. reported fast moving underwater USOs. The FAA has tracked 10,000 sightings in the last two years.
Another UFO filmmaker shared a video clip depicting radar footage he claimed shows a swarm of unidentified flying objects near a Navy ship off the coast of San Diego almost two years ago. ‘Sightings are reported from all over the world’.
In 2004, Sean Cahil, retired US Navy Chief Master-at-Arms, was aboard the USS Princeton Navy Independence-class aircraft carrier when radar picked up extraordinary Tic Tac UFOs/UAPs.
“The technology that we witnessed with the Tic Tac was something that we would not have been able to defend our forces from at the time,” Cahil said.
Appearing with Christopher Mellon, former Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Intelligence, Cahil described the Tic Tac UFO’s abilities.
“What we saw in the Tic Tac and what Mr. Luis Elizondo described as the five observables indicate a technology that outstrips our arsenal by at least 100 to 1,000 years at the moment,” said Cahil.]
Tic Tac Close up Photo
The Five Observables
In 2008, Luiz Elizondo was first detailed to the secret UFO program sponsored by Senator Harry Reid, then called the Advanced Aerospace Weapon Systems Applications Program. Later, it became the Advanced Aerial Threat Identification Program or AATIP.
During his time at AATIP, Elizondo compiled a list of extraordinary feats that unidentified aerial phenomena shared:
Anti-gravity lift
Sudden and instantaneous acceleration
Hypersonic velocities without signatures (vapor trails or sonic booms)
Low observability, or cloaking
Trans-medium travel (moving between air and water)
Tic Tac UFO Abilities ‘According to Sean Cahil, the Tic Tac UFO was capable of all of the five observables and more. “First of all, the aircraft had zero control surfaces; it had no means of propulsion that we could detect. It moved at hypersonic velocities, and it proceeded the pilots to their CAP [Combat air patrol] points. So, it seemed to have some knowledge of where the pilots were headed to ahead of time. And we don’t possess those abilities to do that in our arsenal at the moment,” said Cahil.
Increasingly Bold UAPs/UFOs
Host Chri Cuomo asked Mellon what he made of the matter. “We clearly are vulnerable,” said Mellon. “And this has been going on for too long. Finally, our Congress is learning of this situation. They’re beginning to react. We’ve got a lot of catch-up here, but it’s very concerning.”
Although the UFOs have not been hostile, the activities have become bolder, says Mellon.
“It’s not an imminent crisis or imminent threat. There’s been no hostility but there’ a lot of activity, and it’s increasingly bold. In some instances, we’ve had these things swarming around warships off the coast of California, swarming around strategic missile defense spaces in Guam,” he said. There is a new urgency in studying UFOs today.
Typical Navy UAPs photos
US Navy warships in restricted waters near San Diego were surrounded by swarms of trans-medium UFOs. There, some 100 miles at sea, the crew spotted an assortment of strange vehicles in July 2019.
Editor’s Note:
I briefed four-star generals and even congressmen on UFOs, but unless fired upon they were not hostile therefore the highest ranks were not too concerned about the UFOs. Soviet KGB Colonels informed me that they had become hostile in Soviet Union and forced them to give up some fifteen countries including Ukraine and Georgia. Now UFOs are here in larger numbers and at least much more aggressive swarming around our ships. Although abductions have been reduced, some are still reported. Italy reports aggressive UFO actions against some of their aircraft and ships. As pilots on the East coast saw UFOs frequently, Elizondo’s program was low on resources and unsupported by the intelligence community. Then, a report in the New York Times that year finally got attention from Congress. The report indicated $22 million was spent on the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program, exposing the Pentagon program to the world. Apparently, President Trump authorized the bringing out slowly of more data on the UFOs. Several editors from the New York Times visited me several years ago indicating they wanted to bring out information on the UFOs, but their bosses had stopped them.
Apparently, the New York Times, Fox, Politico were given the OK to publish data to bring out the truth about the UFOs/UAPs. Now when I talk about UFOs people smile and often mention they have seen data that they are real.
According to Navy pilots, radar operators and underwater video cameras,side scan sonar, they have been picking the Unidentified Submersible Objects (USOs) from high-speed objects traveling over 100 knots faster than any submarine for years. The objective of passive acoustics is to detect the sounds produced by a submarine such as propeller, engine, and pump noise. Experienced sonar operators can identify these sounds. Each type of submarine and USO has a unique sound profile that makes up the acoustic “signature” of the vessel. Submarines themselves are equipped with passive solar systems, such as towed arrays of hydrophones that are used to detect and determine the relative position of underwater acoustic sources.
The black stars represent NAVFAC or NOPF sites; the two white stars represent the Ocean System Commands.
The Navy can also use active acoustics to find submarines or USOs much the same way people use active acoustics to find fish. By transmitting a sound pulse and receiving the echo on an array, the sonars can determine the direction of the echoes that return from objects hit by the sound. They can also measure the time it takes for echoes to return and calculate the distance to the object causing the echo. There are basically two types of active acoustic systems employed by navies around the world. Low frequency sonars are used for long-range hundreds of miles surveillance. The U.S. Navy has developed the Low Frequency Active system that uses a vertical array of 18 projectors to transmit signals in the 100-500 Hz frequency range.
Another acoustics system for assisting with antisubmarine warfare is the U.S. Navy’s sonobuoy system. Sonobuoys use a transducer and a radio transmitter to record and transmit underwater sounds. Aircraft can drop these instruments into the water. Multiple sonobuoys can be deployed in a pattern to determine the exact location of a target.
Underwater Base
UAPs are not necessarily extraterrestrial-, although many people who claim to have talked to aliens that claim they are from distance space. It is possible an underwater group developed or ETs from a water bore planet came here to settle. There’s no reason to rule out extraterrestrial origins as there are numerous planets and they likely have conquered space travel. The biggest problem is the vast distances involved although they speak of time travel shortening the append travel time. We are spending billions looking for extraterrestrial civilizations and thousands of planets and galaxies have been located. .ET found our planet and aided our becoming humans.
The U.S. Navy has several confirmed military underwater bases established, such as the Atlantic Undersea Test and Evaluation Center (AUTEC) in the Bahamas. Just as we often receive reports of UFOs over military bases on land, could it be that the Underwater E.T. vehicles are observing our Underwater bases as well.
Israeli space security chief General ‘Haim Eshed said, “The Galactic Federation of extraterrestrials aren’t sure humans are ready to learn about their presence. “The Unidentified Flying Objects have asked not to publish that they are here; humanity is not ready yet,” said. Haim Eshed
The Tic Tac UFOs/UAPS encounters suggest very large underwater bases or even an under-Earth civilization that was revealed by Admiral Byrd in the 1940s with a very large technical capability hundreds of years ahead of own.
“Inside the Hollow Earth”
For thousands of years, people all over the world have written legends about Agartha, the underground city. Did Byrd find it?
He met “The Master,” the city’s leader, who told him of his concerns about the surface world:
“Our interest rightly begins just after your Race exploded the first atomic bombs over Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. It was that alarming time we sent our flying machines, the ‘Flugelrads’ to your surface world to investigate what your Race had done…You see, we have never interfered before in your Race’s wars and barbarity. But now we must, for you have learned to tamper with atomic energy. Apparently, the government knew about Agartha before Byrd.
Alleged Map of Inner Earth
Whether the whole Hollow Earth story is fact or fiction, it’s great to imagine there are still hidden civilizations in the world.
Editor’s Note: This author does not know if there are underground cities, but I did have orders to go to an underground base to reconstitute the government in case of nuclear war. Fourteen UAPs/UFOs swarming one of our advanced ships suggests a sophisticated civilization that excites.
There are numerous books and stories about the Hollow or Inner Earth that could be true. UAPs are not necessarily extraterrestrial according to a series of writers Planet Earth is not a solid globe, but a hollow world with two obvious entrances at the poles. In 2009, when Stephen Sindoni was visiting Mount Shasta, he said he saw a fleet of UFOs leaving the mountain. There are a number of races that live inside the Inner Earth, including the Telosians, who are similar to humans, he stated. There are people living within our Earth, on the inner crust of the globe, who have lived there longer than our current surface Earth civilization has existed. The first scientist known to write about life inside the Earth was William Reed who published a book entitled “The Phantom of the Poles” in 1906. Marshall B. Gardner. wrote another book in 1913, re-edited in 1920, “A Journey to the Earth’s Interior“. Both of these books based their conclusions on the reports of Arctic explorers. Two other interesting books are: “Worlds Beyond the Poles” (1959) written by F. Amado Giannini and “Subterranean Worlds: lost ” (1989) written by Walter Kafton-Minkel.
A book by “Dr. Raymond Bernard” appeared in 1964, The Hollow Earth. According to Mr. Bernard our world is hollow, with two openings at the North and South Pole, each hole where you can enter the inner Earth. At the center of the earth is not a molten core but an inner sun which is six hundred miles wide and is 2900 miles from the Inner Surfaces.
Bernard said, “While I was remote viewing the Hollow Earth, I saw a vast world with mountains and shorelines, and lush green vegetation with rivers and parks. A misty red sun on the horizon was emanating more warmth than seemed warranted. The climate was warm! The tall men and women I met seemed very caring. Their transportation is via hovercrafts and larger disk-shaped spacecrafts that apparently enter and exit the inner Earth. Their homes are mostly dome shaped and their personalities are compassionate, gentle and wise. Nazis were fascinated with anything regarding the Aryan race. They traveled all over the world including Antarctica to learn more of alleged origins
Admiral Byrd, stated, “There comes a time when the rationality of men must fade into insignificance, and one must accept the inevitability of the Truth! I am not at liberty to disclose the following documentation at this writing…perhaps it shall never see the light of public scrutiny, but I must do duty and record here for all to read one day. In a world of greed and exploitation of mankind can no longer suppress that which is truth.” Medal of Honor recipient Admiral Richard Byrd allegedly wrote his encounter with a lost civilization in Antarctica in his dairy. Commander Graham Bethune flew Byrd to Antarctica in the summer of 1945.
In 1938, Nazis claim New Sabia in red on map
Allegedly Admiral Byrd wrote a secret diary of his explorations of one of the greatest adventurers who has ever lived. – plus, proof that there is a vast, uncharted, civilization exists inside the planet. Commander Graham Bethune claimed he flew Admiral Richard E. Byrd near the South Polar region of the world. Before he started on the venture, Byrd made a mysterious statement: “I’d like to see that land beyond the Pole”. According to Hollow Earth theorists, Byrd met an ancient race underground in a mysterious opening near the South Pole. He also visited German scientists asking for the secrets of the disk craft. Bethune said, “The scientists refused to reveal the propulsion system for their UFOs, and they flew back to the Pentagon to report their findings.”
Operation Highjump
After the German Scientists refused cooperation, the Secretary of War, Secretary of the Navy and the Secretary of State on August 7, 1946, approved Operation Highjump. “The U.S. Navy proposes to send an expedition to the Antarctic early in 1947. The purpose of this expedition includes training personnel, consolidating and extending U.S. sovereignty over Antarctic areas, and possible base sites. Rear Admiral Richard E. Byrd was designated as Officer-in-Charge of the project. Task Force Commander was Captain R. H. Cruzenl”.
USS Philippine Sea Aircraft Carrier
On December 2, 1946, Task Force 68 set sail for the Antarctic continent with a force of 13 ships carrying some 4,700 men, and aircraft carrier the USS Philippine Sea. The Central Group of ships reached the Bay of Whales on January 15, 1947 and planned to stay for six months where they constructed temporary runways along the glaciers, in a base dubbed Little Americana II. One Navy reconnaissance aircraft was flown by Lt. Bunger who flew west with cameras humming. Suddenly the men in the cockpit saw a dark spot come up over the barren white horizon and as they drew closer, they couldn’t believe their eyes. Byrd later described it as a “land of blue and green lakes and brown hills in an otherwise limitless expanse of ice”. Bunger and his men carefully inspected the region and then raced back to the ship to tell the others of their discovery.
Antarctic Lake
The intelligence report revealed that the US Navy had sent the military expedition to find and destroy a hidden Nazi base. They encountered a mysterious UFO force that attacked the military expedition destroying several ships and a significant number of planes. Indeed, Operation Highjump had suffered “many casualties” as stated in initial press reports from Chile.
Many Navy aircraft were shot down in the one-sided battle that the Navy claims never happened.
Reports claim disc shape craft came out of the sea coming through the ice attacking some of the ships and aircraft. Commander Graham Bethune and other Navy personnel claim the task force encountered ‘heavy resistance’ and that there was a battle between American and UFO forces operating there, with losses on both sides. The piston engine Navy aircraft were no match for the modern German disc aircraft and allegedly at least one destroyer was sunk.
High Jump PBM Crash Navy Photo
The Navy admitted four personnel were killed along with numerous injuries The intelligence report, revealed that the US Navy had sent the military expedition to find and destroy a hidden Nazi base. They encountered a mysterious UFO force that attacked the military expedition destroying several ships and a significant number of planes. Indeed, Operation Highjump had suffered “many casualties” as stated in initial press reports from Chile. The Navy officially lists four men were killed and many injured during the two-month operation.
The Goverment According to Byrd’s “diary,” the government ordered Byrd to remain silent for what he witnessed during his Arctic assignment: March 11, 1947
“I have just attended a Staff Meeting at the Pentagon. I have stated fully my discovery and the message from the Master. All is duly recorded. The President has been advised. I am now detained for several hours (six hours, thirty- nine minutes, to be exact.) I am interviewed intently by Top Security Forces and a Medical Team. It was an ordeal!!!! I am placed under strict control via the National Security provisions of this United States of America. I am ORDERED TO REMAIN SILENT IN REGARD TO ALL THAT I HAVE LEARNED, ON THE BEHALF OF HUMANITY!!! Incredible! I am reminded that I am a Military Man, and I must obey orders.”
mans did make their mark in the South Pole. However, what they have discovered doesn’t compared to what Byrd recorded in his diary.
MCMURDO STATION, Antarctica — In recent years Bill Clinton, Britain’s Prince Harry, King Juan Carlos of Spain, U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry, Buzz Aldrin, Tom Hanks and ‘even the Pope have visited Antarctica. A former McMurdo Station Antarctica, technician told a magazine that the scientists — aren’t afraid of getting in trouble because they have “a license to kill.” The snow melting is exposing interesting structures.
NASA’s Bill Nelson Pushes for Scientific UFO Research
Former Astronaut Bill Nelson
Bill Nelson, 78, the former Florida senator and spaceflight veteran, became the NASA Administrator on May 3, 2021. One month later, Bill Nelson s directed NASA to study UFOS (or UAPs), because he probably saw them in space… Nelson was a Payload Specialist on Space Shuttle Columbia’s STS-61-C mission from January 12 to 18, 1986. This mission was the last successful Space Shuttle flight prior to the Challenger accident, which occurred ten days after the end of this mission.
He spent 6 days 2 in space. Thus mission saw a possible UFO. STS-61C Astronaut snaps pictures of huge black triangle UFO in space! The article provides crew comments without giving names, but it is very likely Nelson saw the UFO. The crew states: ‘“I’m just being skeptical about it. I do understand that most people would like to see UFOs, or for a better term, advanced vehicles.”
TR3B Aurora
Looks like the Aurora spy plane to me, what do you think? I’ve heard it can’t reach that type of altitude. I agree….it just looks so far away…. I wish we had something to reference it…you know like something measurable… To me it looks far away and huge…but I guess it really could be something smaller and close which would fit something along the lines of paneling. You are taking some steps into perceiving the greater universe. Attaboy!! Outer space presents such different illumination and attenuation and shadowing phenomena that our earthside instincts of perceptual interpretation can mislead us — and on YouTube, usually do.
If it was an insulating tile, wouldn’t it be more of a square shape in order to fit around and cover as much surface area as possible on the ship? A few tiles have triangle shape. Nineteen tiles were missing rom shuttle upon landing.
“It’s been proposed that nano-particles could really enhance the strength of metals without damaging their plasticity, especially light metals like magnesium, but no groups have been able to disperse ceramic nano particles in molten metals until now,” said Xiaochun Li, the principal investigator on the research and Raytheon Chair in Manufacturing Engineering at UCLA.
“With an infusion of physics and materials processing, our method paves a new way to enhance the performance of many different kinds of metals by evenly infusing dense nano-particles to enhance the performance of metals to meet energy and sustainability challenges in today’s society.”
This new procedure opens the door for improving existing materials used in the aviation, space and automotive industries, among others, by including nano particles that improve their performance in extreme conditions to meet energy and sustainability challenges in today’s society.
Farthest Galaxy
Fareast Galaxy Upper Left
James Webb Space Telescope has shown the world a new image of a distant galaxy whose light it took 13.5 billion years to reach us. The dawn of a new era in astronomy has begun as the world gets its first look at the full capabilities of NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope, a partnership with ESA (European Space Agency) and CSA (Canadian Space Agency). The telescope’s first full-color images and spectroscopic data were released during a televised broadcast at 10:30 a.m. EDT (14:30 UTC) on Tuesday, July 12, 2022, from NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. These listed targets below represent the first wave of full-color scientific images and spectra the observatory has gathered, and the official beginning of Webb’s general science operations. They were selected by an international committee of representatives from NASA, ESA, CSA, and the Space Telescope Science Institute.
These first images from the world’s largest and most powerful space telescope demonstrate Webb at its full power, ready to begin its mission to unfold the infrared universe.
Strange Craft
The True Story of an Air Force Intelligence Officer’s Life with UFOs
U.S. Air Force Major George Filer belongs to the generation of pilots and aviators who first became aware of the strange aircraft showing up in the Earth’s atmosphere after World War II. These men – military professionals who flew planes, served as radar operators and air traffic controllers at airfields around the world – began to whisper amongst themselves about encounters with suspected extraterrestrial aircraft.
During secret debriefings at U.S. bases, pilots and air crew told their commanders of seeing UFOs off their plane’s wings. Award-winning investigative author John Guerra spent four years interviewing Filer, a decorated intelligence officer.
From objects in the skies over Cold War Europe to a UFOs over during the Cuban Missile Crisis to lights over the DMZ in Vietnam Filer leaves nothing out about his Air Force UFO encounters,
Filer’s most memorable case – the shooting of an alien at Fort Dix Army Base in 1978 – is fully recounted for the first time in this book. As a member of the Disclosure Project, military experts, astronauts, and scientists urge the U.S. government to release all it knows about UFOs to the public.
Filer describes his UFO encounters in this incredible book, by John L. Guerra.
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Filer’s Files Aug 1 2022 - UFOs Swarm Omaha - PART II
Santa Barbara Costa Rica Disk on June 6, 2022
Filer’s Files Aug 1 2022 - UFOs Swarm Omaha - PART II
Major George A. Filer III ret. USAF
New Jersey State Director
MUFON Eastern Region Director
Special reports are: Admiral Lord Hill Norton UFOs Exist, USS Omaha Swarmed by 14 UFOs/UAPs, UFOs Outstrip Our Arsenal by 1,000 Years, UFOs, Inside the Hollow Earth, Operation Highjump, NASA’s Bill Nelson Pushes for Scientific UFO Research, Nano-particles Are Inside UFOs, Farthest Galaxy , and Carbon 60.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Arizona. California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Kansas, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia. and Washington D.C.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Australia, Canada, Costa Rica, Ecuador, and England in the United Kingdom.
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force and DOD investigated UFOs for more than forty years; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFOs are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.
UFO Sightings in the United States
Sightings are from MUFON CMS
Arizona Lights
Tonalea on July 22, 2022, we looked up and thought it was a shooting star but it didn’t change at all. It was a long string of lights that were at an angle but didn’t fly in an angle. It went straight across the sky and never faded or changed. The lights reminded me of white Christmas lights, but they didn’t twinkle.
California Object
Fresno on July 22, 2022, Huge cigar shaped object moving at a slow constant pace for the south to the north with a slight decent’
Colorado Light
Fort Garland on July 22, 2022, craft itself was dark, and did not reflect. Looked super low and slow, with 12 port holes. Felt like I was on display. I had my laser pointer on and I got Lazard back. I was able to capture a light trail in one photo.
Connecticut Object
Stratfordon July 15, 2022, observed a black object high overhead in a cloudless sky. Object remained fixed in position at roughly 50,000 feet. Used my Galaxy 10 to get 16 pictures and each object is a totally different shape. It appears to be a portal as it disappeared instantly.
Florida Disc and Lights
Sanderson on July 16, 2022, we were driving through the forest near a lake ‘took a picture. ‘I noticed something in the image and zoomed in and it looked like a UFO, so I quickly took another but nothing there. My son caught the image too.
Illinois Lights
Granvilleon July 8, 2022, it was hovering above the store I noticed it when I approached my car
Kansas Orbs
Leavenworth on November 11, 2021, I saw 9 orbs flying in formation toward a flight of F-16’s during the Annual Veterans Day Parade. Prior to the flyby I witnessed the orbs forming into various groups. At least six orbs were in a three by two formation. After passing the flyby they formed a four-point formation then all of them disappeared to the west at a great speed.
Update– July 23, 2022: The video taken by the witness has been clipped to the time when the objects passed by the jets. Thanks to Will Pucket/www.ufosnw.com/newsite/
Massachusetts Light
Chelmsford on July 15 2022, Tic tac, oblong shaped object in the sky with a trail, disappeared after second photo. 8:01 PM, Friday, 15 July 2022. No other objects in the sky.
Michigan Light
Cheboygan on July 12 , 2022, saw a rectangle shape in the sky flying very slow straight line. It was very white in color after it flew pass the tree and was gone
Missouri Object
Mountain Grove on June 28, 2022, I was out in my back yard to take some photos of the sun. Looking thru the pictures I took I noticed a flying object in 2 of the photos taken. The second photo taken at 1:00 it has changed direction and is on the left side of the sun.
New Jersey Lights
Maple Shade on July 17, 2022, it was moving sideways at 1 am as a red light but flashed a bright white or blue. It would move up and down. I got a little scared because the UFO would come towards me. When it came close it shined real bright. I’m still in awe.
New York Object
Haverstraw on July 14 , 2022, anomalous silent object seemed to change shape. No blinking lights but seemed to have a fixed bright light or may have been reflection from the su.
North Carolina Orb
Nagsheadon July 20, 2022, see the video seen in multiple cameras.
South Carolina Lights
Spartanburg July 18, 2022, we saw these lights at about 10:30 PM off of Carolina Country Club Road. The objects were moving east out of the woods behind our home. These were not meteors. Thanks to Will Pucket/www.ufosnw.com/newsite/
Texas Object
While on June 12, 2022,. I like to take images of birds and saw the object for a few minutes that I thought was moving like a balloon. I noticed the Sun making it shine on the outside and it appeared to be spinning. The out- side was gray and each side had a different shape and a white circle in the middle..
Virginia Object
On July 6, 2022, I have an interesting way of taking videos of aliens. I start by calling them in saying ancient space words Marc Brinkerhoff has taught: “Adonai Vasu Barragas, Ahum Sah-bah Sinmah Nurem, Ne Selnik Mu Shulmac Tublia Nic Tu Nah and Sha-Neh-Ki Tah-Kah Takeh Thumie.” I then point my camera towards the sky and start taking my videos, indiscriminately. I am taking videos of only a small portion of the sky, but I feel the ETs will pose for me. I go and put the videos on my computer. I send love, gratitude and reverence and thank the ETs for showing up. Thanks to Dan Johnson to the honor and glory of God,
Washington D.C. Lights
District of Columbia May 7, 2021, I felt as if something was around, I could feel it in my gut, then captured this action and took a photo
Wisconsin Object
Milwaukee on July 23 , 2022, US Air Show with jets – video shows something exiting stage left quickly. I was using an iPhone 13 Pro.
Worldwide UFO Sightings
Australia Lights
Perthon July 12 , 2022, saw a row of 30-40 lights continued in a straight, synchronised line, from one side of the horizon to the other. My son and I felt we could make out a rectangular shape structure. Note: The witnesses saw Star-Link communication satellites.
Magillon July 17, 2022, about 10 lights flew in the northeast direction at regular intervals. One light in the middle moved backwards, and after awhile it disappeared. I took it with my cell phone camera.
Canada Rectangle
‘ Kitchener on July 15 , 2022, I was in my bedroom when I was surprised to see a pulsating glowing actual craft. I looked out my window it suddenly shot straight up and disappeared. The shape was rectangular and it was surrounded by red and orange glowing lights. In January, I saw a white glowing orb leave my property.
Costa Rica Disk
Santa Barbaraon June 6, 2022, I got pictured, then 6 seconds later it was gone
Ecuador Lights
Guayaquil on July 28 , 2022, took several pictures with family. After reviewing all pictures, I noticed up to 5 objects in the sky of different sizes, colors and have an orb halo surrounding it.
UK/England Object
Moreton on July 8, 2022, I was visiting from Qatar, where I work as an Editor for a think tank. I watched a commercial jet descend into London Airport, 20 miles from our house, and then saw a glowing object hurtling through the sky. The object above the garden, tossed and turned, darkened and then lit up and disappeared
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I have put together a DVD of the last twenty years of Filer’s Files for you with hundreds of great photographs and UFO sightings that will explain the phenomena and the importance to your life and your family. Additionally, I have included my book within the DVD that includes George Ritter’s exciting abduction story told by Linda Moulton Howe. Broadcaster David E. Twichell joined me to write the book. We are asking for a donation of only $50 that includes next year’s subscription and our book. Please include your e-mail address and mailing address.
Our research is uncovering amazing truths by solving challenging projects deemed too difficult by other firms. We have had some success in finding missing persons. We could use your help in getting more results from our research. I have put together a DVD of the last seventeen years of Filer’s Files for you with hundreds of great photographs and UFO sightings. Additionally, I have decided to include my book within the DVD that includes George Ritter’s exciting abduction story told by Linda Moulton Howe. Broadcaster David E. Twichell joined me to write the book. We are asking for a donation of only $50 that includes next year’s subscription and our book. Please include your e-mail address and mailing address.
Have been digging through the giant DVD you sent recently. As a relatively recent joiner, I was unaware of the years’ worth of consistent reports of the same types of objects all over. This has been very educational. Just wanted to thank you for all you’ve done. Bruce W. Freeman Attorney at Law
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Filer’s Files is copyrighted 2015 by George A. Filer, all rights reserved. Readers may post the COMPLETE files on their Web Sites if they credit the newsletter and its editor by name, and list the date of issue. These reports and comments are not necessarily the OFFICIAL MUFON viewpoint. Send your letters to Majorstar Sending mail automatically grants permission for us to publish and use your name. Please state if you wish to keep your name or e-mail confidential. CAUTION MOST OF THESE ARE INITIAL REPORTS AND REQUIRE FURTHER INVESTIGATION. If you wish to stop receiving these files, please send a message to Majorstar
Filer’s Files salutes our fighting men and women; God Bless Our Troops, and Georgie, Elizabeth, and Victoria Filer, and Eddie Pedrick. May the Angels be your guide and take you to paradise.
Put another way, a young person in the U.S. is nearly 11 times as likely to die in a swimming pool than in a school shooting. Few public officials would say pools are doing a poor job protecting swimmers, but the statistics suggest that we need “more lifeguards at pools, as opposed to guards at schools,” Fox said
The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The US Air Force investigated UFOs publicly for more than twenty years under Project Blue Book; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.
CAUTION MOST OF THESE ARE INITIAL REPORTS AND REQUIRE FURTHER INVESTIGATION. If you wish to stop receiving these files, please send a message to Majorstar@verizon.net.
Filer’s Files salutes our fighting men and women Georgie Filer and Eddie Pedrick my grandsons who both drowned. We pray that God will bless those who read these files spiritually.
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Galactic wagon wheel! James Webb Space Telescope captures stunning new infrared image of the Cartwheel Galaxy and its central black hole 500 million light-years from Earth
Galactic wagon wheel!James Webb Space Telescope captures stunning new infrared image of the Cartwheel Galaxy and its central black hole 500 million light-years from Earth
James Webb Space Telescope has peered into chaos of the Cartwheel Galaxy, revealing new details about star formation and the galaxy's central black hole
The stunning image provides new view of how Cartwheel Galaxy has changed over billions of years
The Cartwheel Galaxy, located about 500 million light-years away, is a rare sight
It has been carrying out scientific operations for less than a month but NASA's James Webb is once again wowing with its view of the universe.
The super space telescope has now peered into the chaos of the Cartwheel Galaxy, revealing new details about star formation and the galaxy's central black hole.
Its powerful infrared gaze produced a detailed image of the Cartwheel and two smaller companion galaxies against a backdrop of many other galaxies.
Located about 500 million light-years away in the Sculptor constellation, the Cartwheel Galaxy is a rare sight.
Its appearance, much like that of the wheel of a wagon, is the result of an intense event — a high-speed collision between a large spiral galaxy and a smaller galaxy not visible in this image.
Other telescopes, including the Hubble Space Telescope, have previously examined the Cartwheel.
But the dramatic galaxy has been shrouded in mystery — perhaps literally, given the amount of dust that obscures the view.
Fireworks: The James Webb Space Telescope is once again wowing with its view of the universe. It has peered into the chaos of the Cartwheel Galaxy (pictured), revealing new details about star formation and the galaxy's central black hole
This image from Webb's Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) shows a group of galaxies, including a large distorted ring-shaped galaxy known as the Cartwheel
INSTRUMENTS ON THE JAMES WEBB TELESCOPE
NIRCam (Near InfraRed Camera) an infrared imager from the edge of the visible through the near infrared
NIRSpec (Near InfraRed Spectrograph) will also perform spectroscopy over the same wavelength range.
MIRI (Mid-InfraRed Instrument) will measure the mid-to-long-infrared wavelength range from 5 to 27 micrometers.
FGS/NIRISS (Fine Guidance Sensor and Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph), is used to stabilise the line-of-sight of the observatory during science observations.
Webb, with its ability to detect infrared light, now uncovers new insights into the nature of the Cartwheel.
The Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam), Webb's primary imager, looks in the near-infrared range from 0.6 to 5 microns, seeing crucial wavelengths of light that can reveal even more stars than observed in visible light.
This is because young stars, many of which are forming in the outer ring, are less obscured by the presence of dust when observed in infrared light. In this image, NIRCam data are colored blue, orange, and yellow.
The galaxy displays many individual blue dots, which are individual stars or pockets of star formation.
NIRCam also reveals the difference between the smooth distribution or shape of the older star populations and dense dust in the core compared to the clumpy shapes associated with the younger star populations outside of it.
The $10 billion (£7.4 billion) observatory's image also provides a new view of how the Cartwheel Galaxy has changed over billions of years.
Collisions of galactic proportions cause a cascade of different, smaller events between the galaxies involved; the Cartwheel is no exception.
The collision most notably affected the galaxy's shape and structure.
The Cartwheel Galaxy sports two rings — a bright inner ring and a surrounding, colorful ring. These rings expand outwards from the center of the collision, like ripples in a pond after a stone is tossed into it.
Because of these distinctive features, astronomers call this a 'ring galaxy', a structure less common than spiral galaxies like our Milky Way.
The bright core contains a tremendous amount of hot dust with the brightest areas being the home to gigantic young star clusters.
On the other hand, the outer ring, which has expanded for about 440 million years, is dominated by star formation and supernovas. As this ring expands, it plows into surrounding gas and triggers star formation.
Webb's infrared capabilities allow it to 'see back in time' to the Big Bang, which happened 13.8 billion years ago. Light waves move extremely fast, about 186,000 miles (300,000 km) per second, every second. The further away an object is, the further back in time we are looking. This is because of the time it takes light to travel from the object to us
The $10 billion (£7.4 billion) observatory (pictured) provided a new view of how the Cartwheel Galaxy has changed over billions of years
Learning finer details about the dust that inhabits the galaxy, however, requires Webb's Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI).
MIRI data are coloured red in this composite image, revealing regions within the Cartwheel Galaxy rich in hydrocarbons and other chemical compounds, as well as silicate dust, like much of the dust on Earth.
These regions form a series of spiraling spokes that essentially form the galaxy’s skeleton.
The spokes are evident in previous Hubble observations released in 2018, but they become much more prominent in this Webb image.
While Webb gives us a snapshot of the current state of the Cartwheel, it also provides insight into what happened to this galaxy in the past and how it will evolve in the future.
Last month the telescope's dazzling, unprecedented images of a 'stellar nursery', dying star cloaked by dust and a 'cosmic dance' between a group of galaxies were revealed to the world for the first time.
It put an end to months of waiting and feverish anticipation as people across the globe were treated to the first batch of a treasure trove of images that will culminate in the earliest ever look at the dawn of the universe.
Webb's infrared capabilities mean it can 'see back in time' to within a mere 100-200 million years of the Big Bang, allowing it to snap pictures of the very first stars to shine in the universe more than 13.5 billion years ago.
Its first images of nebulae, an exoplanet and galaxy clusters triggered huge celebration in the scientific world, on what was hailed a 'great day for humanity'.
Researchers will soon begin to learn more about the galaxies' masses, ages, histories and compositions, as Webb seeks to explore the earliest galaxies in the universe.
The James Webb Telescope: NASA's $10 billion telescope is designed to detect light from the earliest stars and galaxies
The James Webb telescope has been described as a 'time machine' that could help unravel the secrets of our universe.
The telescope will be used to look back to the first galaxies born in the early universe more than 13.5 billion years ago, and observe the sources of stars, exoplanets, and even the moons and planets of our solar system.
The vast telescope, which has already cost more than $7 billion (£5 billion), is considered a successor to the orbiting Hubble Space Telescope
The James Webb Telescope and most of its instruments have an operating temperature of roughly 40 Kelvin – about minus 387 Fahrenheit (minus 233 Celsius).
It is the world's biggest and most powerful orbital space telescope, capable of peering back 100-200 million years after the Big Bang.
The orbiting infrared observatory is designed to be about 100 times more powerful than its predecessor, the Hubble Space Telescope.
NASA likes to think of James Webb as a successor to Hubble rather than a replacement, as the two will work in tandem for a while.
The Hubble telescope was launched on April 24, 1990, via the space shuttle Discovery from Kennedy Space Centre in Florida.
It circles the Earth at a speed of about 17,000mph (27,300kph) in low Earth orbit at about 340 miles in altitude.
James Webb Space Telescope maakt foto van ringvormig Karrenwielstelsel
NASA, het Europees ruimtevaartagentschap ESA en de Canadese ruimtevaartorganisatie CSA hebben een nieuwe foto gepubliceerd die afkomstig is van de James Webb Space Telescope. Het betreft een composietfoto van het aparte Karrenwielstelsel, dat zich op zo’n 500 miljoen lichtjaar van de aarde bevindt.
Het Karrenwielstelsel was volgens de ruimtevaartorganisaties tot nu toe altijd een beetje in nevelen gehuld door de grote hoeveelheden stof. Hubble heeft voorheen ook naar dit sterrenstelsel gekeken, maar bijvoorbeeld de ‘spaken’ in het wiel zijn veel beter zichtbaar op de nieuwe afbeelding. Hubble is dan ook veel minder dan James Webb gespecialiseerd in het infrarode deel van het spectrum en die specifieke capaciteit is nodig om door stof heen te kijken.
De verschillende instrumenten van de James Webb-telescoop brengen een aantal zaken aan het licht. Zo zijn individuele sterren en sterrenvormingsregio’s in het sterrenstelsel te zien en is in het centrum het gedrag van een zwart gat zichtbaar. De afbeelding is een composiet, een samenstelling van data van de Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) en het Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI).
De data van James Webb maken eens te meer duidelijk dat het Karrenwielstelsel zich in een overgangsfase bevindt. Het was vermoedelijk ooit een normaal sterrenstelsel zoals de Melkweg, maar in het verleden was er een botsing op hoge snelheid tussen een groot spiraalstelsel en een klein sterrenstelsel dat niet zichtbaar is op de afbeelding. Door de botsing zijn de vorm en structuur veranderd; er is sprake van twee ringen en astronomen noemen het dan ook een ringsterrenstelsel. Vorige maand publiceerden de ruimtevaartorganisaties de eerste vijf afbeeldingen van James Webb.
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Most Bizarre Discoveries Found On The Beach!
Most Bizarre Discoveries Found On The Beach!
If you’re an ardent beach goer, then you must have seen different creatures on the beach sands or maybe even made some discoveries of your own. However, whatever you may have found is nothing compared to the creatures and things in our list of 10 of the most bizarre discoveries found on the beach. Are you keen to find out for yourself?
Geologists in Chile are investigating a strange sinkhole that emerged over the weekend that’s still growing, leaving local authorities baffled.
The massive hole — 656-feet deep and the width of the White House (82 feet)—appeared over the weekend outside of the town of Tierra Amarilla in the Atacama region on land owned and operated by Canada’s Lundin Mining company.
“There is a considerable distance, approximately 200 meters (656 feet), to the bottom,” David Montenegro, Sernageomin’s director, said in a statement. “We haven’t detected any material down there, but we have seen the presence of a lot of water.”
Chile’s National Service of Geology and Mining, Sernageomin, sent specialists to help all relevant authorities with the investigation into the area—roughly 413 miles north of the capital, Santiago—to see if the massive sinkhole has a connection to the Canadian company’s mining operations in the region.
The entire mining site has been shut down for the investigation as local authorities have so far been unable to offer an explanation for the 656-foot-deep hole.
Lundin Mining said in their statement that none of the workers present were hurt or in any way impacted by the massive sinkhole.
“Upon detection, the area was immediately isolated, and the relevant regulatory authorities notified. There has been no impact to personnel, equipment or infrastructure.”
“The closest home is more than 600m (1,969ft) away while any populated area or public service are almost a kilometre away from the affected zone,” the official statement from the company added.
However, Canadian mining companies have been operating throughout Latin America over the years, having been accusedof a wide variety of environmental and human rights violations.
Tierra Amarilla’s mayor, Cristóbal Zúñiga, told a local radio station that the community living near the mine “has always had a fear that something like this could happen.”
“Today it happened in a space that’s an agricultural property, but our greatest fear now is that this could happen in a populated place, on a street, in a school,” said Zuñiga.
“Protecting the integrity of our inhabitants is our greatest concern at the moment.”
Unfortunately for this community, the mysterious sinkhole nearby is still growing.
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Scientists used a fossil relic left over from the Big Bang to perform the earliest detection of dark matter ever.
An artist's depiction of a galaxy.
(Image credit: iStock/Getty Images Plus)
Scientists have discovered dark matter around galaxies that existed about 12 billion years ago, the earliest detection yet of this mysterious substance that dominates the universe.
The findings, achieved by a collaboration led by researchers from Japan's Nagoya University, suggest that dark matter in the early universe is less 'clumpy' than predicted by many current cosmological models. If further work confirms this theory, it could change scientists' understanding of how galaxies evolve and suggest that the fundamental rules governing the cosmos could have been different when the 13.7 billion-year-old universe was just 1.7 billion years old.
The key to mapping dark matter in the very early universe the cosmic microwave background (CMB), a sort of fossil radiation left over from the Big Bang that is distributed throughout the entire cosmos.
"Look at dark matter around distant galaxies? It was a crazy idea. No one realized we could do this," University of Tokyo professor Masami Ouchisaid in a statement. "But after I gave a talk about a large distant galaxy sample, Hironao came to me and said it may be possible to look at dark matter around these galaxies with the CMB."
Because light takes a finite time to travel from distant objects to Earth, astronomers see other galaxies as they existed when the observed light left them. The more distant a galaxy, the longer the light has been traveling to us and thus the further back in time we see them, so we see the most distant galaxies as they were billions of years ago, in the infant universe.
Observing dark matter is even trickier. Dark matter is the mysterious substance that makes up around 85% of the total mass of the universe. It doesn't interact with matter and light like the everyday matter made of protons and neutrons that fills stars, planets and us.
Detecting 'early' dark matter
To 'see' dark matter at all, astronomers must rely on its interaction with gravity.
According to Einstein's theory of relativity, objects of tremendous mass cause the curvature of space-time. A common analogy is a stretchy rubber sheet holding balls of increasing mass. The greater the mass, the larger the 'dent' it causes in the sheet. Likewise, the larger the cosmic object, the more extreme the warping of space-time it causes.
Massive objects like galaxies cause space-time to curve so strongly that light from sources behind a galaxy is curved, just like the path of a marble rolled across the stretched rubber sheet would deviate. This effect shifts the position of the light source in the sky, a phenomenon called gravitational lensing.
To study the distribution of dark matter in a galaxy, astronomers can observe how light from a source behind that galaxy is changed as it passes the 'lens galaxy.' The more dark matter a lens galaxy contains,s the greater the distortion of the light passing it.
But the technique has limitations.
Because the earliest and most distant galaxies are very faint, as astronomers look deeper into the universe and further back in time, the lensing effect becomes more subtle and difficult to see and scientists need both a lot of background sources and a lot of early galaxies to spot lensing by dark matter. This problem has limited the mapping of dark matter distribution to galaxies that are around 8 to 10 billion years old.
But the CMB provides a more ancient light source than any galaxy. The CMB is ubiquitous radiation that was created when the universe cooled enough to allow atoms to form, reducing the number of photon-scattering free electrons in a moment cosmologists call 'the last scattering.' The reduction in free electrons allowed photons to travel freely, meaning that the universe suddenly stopped being opaque and became transparent to light.
And just like light from other distant sources, the CMB can be distorted by galaxies with dark matter due to gravitational lensing.
"Most researchers use source galaxies to measure dark matter distribution from the present to 8 billion years ago," University of Tokyo assistant professor Yuichi Harikane said in the statement. "However, we could look further back into the past because we used the more distant CMB to measure dark matter."
The team combined lensing distortions of a large sample of ancient galaxies with those of the CMB to detect dark matter dating back to when the universe was just 1.7 billion years old. And this ancient dark matter paints a very different cosmic picture.
"For the first time, we were measuring dark matter from almost the earliest moments of the universe," Harikane said. "12 billion years ago, things were very different. You see more galaxies that are in the process of formation than at the present; the first galaxy clusters are starting to form as well."
These clusters can be comprised of between 100 and 1,000 galaxies bound to large amounts of dark matter by gravity.
Is dark matter clumpy?
One of the most significant aspects of the team's findings is the possibility that dark matter is less clumpy in the early universe than many current models suggest it should be.
For example, the widely accepted Lambda-CDM model suggests that tiny fluctuations in the CMB should have resulted in gravity creating densely packed pockets of matter. These fluctuations eventually lead matter to collapse to form galaxies, stars and planets, and should also result in dense pockets of dark matter.
"Our finding is still uncertain," Harikane said. "But if it is true, it would suggest that the entire model is flawed as you go further back in time. This is exciting because if the result holds after the uncertainties are reduced, it could suggest an improvement of the model that may provide insight into the nature of dark matter itself."
The team will continue to collect data to assess whether the Lambda-CDM model conforms to observations of dark matter in the early universe or if the assumptions behind the model need to be revised.
The data used by the team to reach their findings originated from the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey, which analyzes data from a telescope in Hawai'i. But the researchers have used only a third of this data thus far, meaning that a better dark matter distribution map could be available as the rest of the observations are incorporated.
The team is also looking forward to data from the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) which could allow the researchers to look at dark matter even further back in time.
"LSST will allow us to observe half the sky," Harikane said. "I don't see any reason we couldn't see the dark matter distribution 13 billion years ago next."
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Astronomers Measure the Signal of Dark Matter From 12 Billion Years ago
Astronomers Measure the Signal of Dark Matter From 12 Billion Years ago
Although the particles of dark matter continue to allude us, astronomers continue to find evidence of it. In a recent study, they have seen its effect from the edge of visible space, when the universe was just 1.5 billion years old.
An artist's depiction of a galaxy.
(Image credit: iStock/Getty Images Plus)
Dark matter doesn’t emit its own light, nor does it absorb light like a dark cloud. But it does affect light gravitationally. So clumps of dark matter create a gravitational lens that deflects and focuses light. Astronomers have long used this effect to map dark matter within galactic clusters. You can even see this lensing effect in the recent Webb deep field images. The light from more distant galaxies is warped by the mass of closer galaxies, which astronomers can map to calculate the distribution of dark matter in those closer galaxies.
But in this latest study, the galaxies are so distant that there aren’t really any more distant galaxies. Certainly none bright enough that we can see their lensed light. So instead, the team used the light from the cosmic microwave background (CMB). To map dark matter, the team used data from the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey (HSC), and identified about 1.5 million faint and distant galaxies. They then used data from the Plank satellite to see how CMB light was deflected. From this, they created a map of dark matter in the early universe.
The cosmic microwave background as seen by different satellites. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ESA
It’s the most distant measure of dark matter ever made, and it opens a possible crack in our current model of the universe. In the standard cosmological model, known as the LCDM model, dark energy drives the expansion of the universe, striving to push galaxies apart, while the gravitational attraction of matter and dark matter cause galaxies to clump together. According to LCDM, the scale at which we observe fluctuations in the cosmic background drives the scale at which galaxies cluster together, which tells us how densely galaxies should be clustered in the early universe. In this latest work, the amount of galactic clustering in the early period is slightly less than predicted by the LCDM model.
The uncertainty of the team’s measurements means their result isn’t conclusive. It’s possible that they simply under measured the clumping scale. But if it’s right, it suggests that the laws of the universe were a bit different 12 billion years ago. Combined with observations that show a tension in the rate of cosmic expansion, they could be on to something.
There are a lot of possibilities. But the biggest success of this work is that we now have actual data. It’s a big first step, and as we get more data from telescopes such as the James Webb Space Telescope and Vera Rubin Observatory, we should be able to solve this mystery, and finally learn if the cosmic laws really were different in the dark and distant past.
White Craft Over Maceio, Brazil On July 10, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
White Craft Over Maceio, Brazil On July 10, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: July 10, 2022 Location of sighting: Maceio, Brazil
Watch this video and you will see a white disk craft moving across the Brazilian sky. At one point you can see it tilting and see that it is a disk. Remarkable footage and very steady hand with the camera. Hats off to this eyewitness on his camera skills.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Eyewitness states:
I live in an apartment that has a penthouse very close to the sea, where there have been several sightings, what you will hear is the noise of the sea along with my voice and that of a friend, I have seen many planes passing by and I can say that this object is not of a mere plane and yes of a triangular object, which followed a sloping line to the right of my balcony, I don't know much English and I may have put some wrong information, but the video summarizes everything that happened, in part of the video I added zoom but right at the end I took it out and distanced it to get a real idea of the distance.
Glowing Object Over Cortez, Colorado On Aug 1, 2022, -Video- UFO Sighting News.
Glowing Object Over Cortez, Colorado On Aug 1, 2022, - Video - UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Aug 1, 2022
Location of sighting: Cortez, Colorado, USA
A glowing object was recorded over Colorado a few days ago. The object moved with purpose and seemed to be intelligently controlled. Colorado is the #1 state in the US for white sphere UFO. #2 is Texas. So many people in Colorado have seen these UFOs that police officers, mayors, governors and judges are among a few. Often thousands at a time witness them. This came from the alien base below the Rocky Mountains.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Eyewitness states:
Camping with my son observing many stars in cloudless sky. Observed planes and satellites throughout night with identification of blinking lights and obvious satellite identification. Observed a very bright, silent, slow-moving light, starting from the northeast from a vantage point looking at ~45° angle from 5'5" individual from coordinates 37°21'39.9"N 108°57'13.1"W facing to the northeast and traveling over a 2 minute or more period a 45°span to the southeast, at which point it appeared to "turn" or change course to directly east direction and "faded" (appeared to move quickly with no trail) absolutely silently out of sight. In attached video you can see the relative brightness of the object as it passes by a bright star. Was standing ~5 back from a ~12 tall tree used as movement reference.
I got this email report today from a researcher who caught several glowing objects moving past the space station. Some of the objects even turn to join others. Very cool, very amazing and 100% proof that intelligent aliens exist. What more can you ask for? These are disks, the classic types with the humps in the middle. The hump is facing the spaces station because the pilots want to see the ISS up close and personal with their own eyes.
Drone caught ghostly high speed UFO over Milton Keynes, UK
Drone caught ghostly high speed UFO over Milton Keynes, UK
Since the widespread proliferation of camera drones in the mid-2010s many fast moving objects of bright white color have been recorded flying in earth's airspace at low altitude.
Their traveling speed seems to range from a few hundred km/h to several times the speed of sound.
The video analyzed by GoFastUFO reveals some further properties of WFMs (White Fast Movers - also called: UFO Fast Walkers): they often travel fast at a constant altitude, they are not or only weakly affected by gravitational forces, they often fly along a linear trajectory or a curve with a very large radius, they do not crash into obstacles.
In most cases of the here presented WFM footage the data reliably shows that they cannot be birds, insects or common technical devices such as model airplanes.
Huge flashing UFO over Peoria, Arizona 16-Jun-2022
Huge flashing UFO over Peoria, Arizona 16-Jun-2022
This huge UFO was seen and recorded in the sky above Peoria, Arizona on 16th June 2022.
Witness report:
I noticed it whenever I was getting into my car and I went back in and got my phone and I video taped it and it was approximately 3 mi away I’d say 3,000 ft high and it was just a right above a treetop from neighbor down the street I could see it very well and I videotaped it twice it’s been there twice and I’ve also seen one that was outside of spring valley California on it was November 2004 was 5 round orbs silver and I’ve seen a few others also and I am very critical of what I’m seeing so I make sure that I know what I’m saying and that’s why I videotape what I can but five orbs they weren’t there for long I was getting gas looked up saw them and I went to grab my camera which I keep in my car and by the time I turn back around I was trying to send her in and try to get a video or a photo and they just zip straight up and disappeared faster than anything I’ve ever seen
A Supermassive Black Hole Is Heading Earth’s Way At 110 Km Per Second
A Supermassive Black Hole Is Heading Earth’s Way At 110 Km Per Second
There is a massive black hole with millions of times more mass than our sun is plunging towards Earth and will one day annihilate life as we know it. This particular black hole is coming towards us at 110 kilometers per second and is at the center of the Great Andromeda Galaxy – the Milky Way’s closest and much larger neighbor.
At the center of the most known galaxies, there exist a supermassive black hole which stars spin around and helps keep everything in formation. But such is the powerful gravitational pull of the Milky Way and Andromeda that they are being drawn toward each other and will one day crash.
“There’s a black hole at the centre of the Milky Way. And not just any black hole, it’s a supermassive black hole with more than 4.1 million times the mass of the Sun. It’s right over there, in the direction of the Sagittarius constellation. Located just 26,000 light-years away. And as we speak, it’s in the process of tearing apart entire stars and star systems, occasionally consuming them, adding to its mass like a voracious shark.”
Due to the size of Andromeda however, there is only going to be one winner when it smashes into the Milky Way.
But, as Andromeda is 2.5 million light years away, it will take over four billion years to reach us, so we are safe for now.
Mr Cain said: “Panic will happen when the Milky Way collides with Andromeda in about 4 billion years. “Suddenly, you’ll have two whole clouds of stars interacting in all kinds of ways, like an unstable blended family. “Stars that would have been safe will careen past other stars and be deflected down into the maw of either of the two supermassive black holes on hand. Andromeda’s black hole could be 100 million times the mass of the Sun, so it’s a bigger target for stars with a death wish.”
A Supermassive Black Hole Is Heading Earth’s Way At 110 Km Per Second
A Supermassive Black Hole Is Heading Earth’s Way At 110 Km Per Second
There is a massive black hole with millions of times more mass than our sun is plunging towards Earth and will one day annihilate life as we know it. This particular black hole is coming towards us at 110 kilometers per second and is at the center of the Great Andromeda Galaxy – the Milky Way’s closest and much larger neighbor.
At the center of the most known galaxies, there exist a supermassive black hole which stars spin around and helps keep everything in formation. But such is the powerful gravitational pull of the Milky Way and Andromeda that they are being drawn toward each other and will one day crash.
“There’s a black hole at the centre of the Milky Way. And not just any black hole, it’s a supermassive black hole with more than 4.1 million times the mass of the Sun. It’s right over there, in the direction of the Sagittarius constellation. Located just 26,000 light-years away. And as we speak, it’s in the process of tearing apart entire stars and star systems, occasionally consuming them, adding to its mass like a voracious shark.”
Due to the size of Andromeda however, there is only going to be one winner when it smashes into the Milky Way.
But, as Andromeda is 2.5 million light years away, it will take over four billion years to reach us, so we are safe for now.
Mr Cain said: “Panic will happen when the Milky Way collides with Andromeda in about 4 billion years. “Suddenly, you’ll have two whole clouds of stars interacting in all kinds of ways, like an unstable blended family. “Stars that would have been safe will careen past other stars and be deflected down into the maw of either of the two supermassive black holes on hand. Andromeda’s black hole could be 100 million times the mass of the Sun, so it’s a bigger target for stars with a death wish.”
Over the past few decades, several insiders have boldly accepted the existence of UFOs and hinted at the phenomenon being around us all the time, and that our reductive senses are limiting our ability to perceive it. The discussion on Alien-UFO theory has already become a hot topic in the mainstream media. The governments of powerful nations have started considering investigating the issue with full throttle. In the midst of it, experts from various technical and entertainment fields began a worldwide surge with their controversial statements on extraterrestrials.
Robert Bigelow
According to American billionaire Robert Bigelow, famous in the aerospace industry for the manufacture of inflatable modules such as those tested out at the International Space Station, there are extraterrestrial beings living among humans. He has said that he is ‘absolutely convinced’ aliens are living among humans on Earth.
During a 2017 interview with CBS’ 60 Minutes, reporter Lara Logan asked Bigelow if he believes in aliens. He replied: “I’m absolutely convinced. That’s all there is to it.” He further said: “There has been and is an existing presence, an ET presence. And I spent millions and millions and millions — I probably spent more as an individual than anybody else in the United States has ever spent on this subject.
Lara Logan: Do you imagine that in our space travels we will encounter other forms of intelligent life?
Robert Bigelow: You don’t have to go anywhere.
Lara Logan: You can find it here? Where exactly?
Robert Bigelow: It’s just like right under people’s noses. Oh my gosh. Wow.
The FAA confirmed to us that for years, it referred reports of UFOs and other unexplained phenomena to a company Bigelow owns. He told us he’s had his own close encounters, but declined to go into detail.”
Dr. Gary Nolan, a Stanford microbiologist spent the last ten years working with a number of individuals analyzing materials from the alleged UFO Phenomenon. In his interview with Jesse Michels, Dr. Nolan explains how our brains were specifically constructed to entangle with the quantum fields of the universe. He said:
“I mean it’s so far different from us that it’s doing its best to talk to us in ways that it can do. They’re either from another planet in this galaxy or elsewhere. Underground or nearby, or whatever. They just show up to look at us because they’re basically, maybe looking at their past, or they’re interdimensional, or they’re from another level of reality that we don’t understand…
…When your mind expands to a certain point, in terms of what you might consider reality to be, other entities live there.”
Since 2016, Garry has been in possession of and analyzing materials given to him by some of the top “Ufologists” in the country like Jacque Vallee. He’s also consulted for the CIA in studying the brain structures of people who claim UFO encounters. (Click here to read the full article
Jacques Vallee
In the 60 years of UFO sightings, very little research has been conducted to discuss the nature of this phenomenon scientifically. When others called the UFO encounters a hoax, Dr. Jacques Vallée took a stand and provided a convincible explanation for them. In his research paper: “TOWARDS MULTI-DISCIPLINARY SETI RESEARCH,” co-authored with Garry Nolan, Vallée explains the phenomenon being in a comprehensive way.
“Because it is hard to imagine all possible life forms, and given the short time that life and consciousness have been scientifically studied (less than one century), it would be prudent not to rule out possibilities that may appear unfashionable. Life may thrive underground and in space, near and far from planets and stars, and under conditions we may now consider prohibitive (13). With the newly essential understandings of quantum physics and quantum information, are “biological brains” the only place consciousness could have evolved?
To this point, new models for the evolution of consciousness and matter are under study that suggest novel possibilities to interpret the nature of reality and which are at odds with a materialistic worldview. This includes the possibility of other forms of communication or contact with alien intelligences that are considered “science fiction” by mainstream science, yet have an extraordinary history of anecdotal evidence. We are speaking of everything from telepathy, empathy, remote viewing, and out of body experiences that may be pointing towards channels of communications beyond what electromagnetic waves can reveal.
Before dismissing such ideas, we need keep in mind that all sensory apparatus our consciousness employs to interpret our immediate universe relies upon electromagnetic waves which propagate as quantum fields. Our sensory apparatus operates in that quantum reality. We perceive quantum information and construct our internal “animal” view of reality—but are we perceiving all information fields enfolding us? Are we consciously aware of everything we are perceiving? Animals, and now humans, are recently understood to perceive magnetic fields. The proteins in our brain that form our neurons sit in a quantum mix where information is transferred in still unfathomable manners. Are those proteins and biologicals completely blind to all forms of information passing through them?”
Also, the list of insiders includes former veteran CIA officer Jim Semivan & ex-Pentagon UFO official, Luis Elizondo who shared similar views on the phenomenon. (Click here to read the full article.)
These examples add some relevance to the subject that there could be a whole new reality out there that the human brain is unable to see. The idea of intelligent life has never been dismissed by scientists and taking it one step further, physicist Stephen Hawking said that they could even destroy us. He spoke publicly about his fears that an advanced alien civilization would have no problem wiping out the human race the way a human might wipe out a colony of ants. Is it possible that there is another civilization living among us?
This is the first instance when stem cells have been used to make advanced-stage embryos
The researchers have developed a special type of incubator that made this possible
The technology could one day help provide cells, tissues, or even organs for transplantation.
In a major breakthrough, scientists in Israel have made mouse embryos without using sperm or egg cells but only stem cells taken from the skin, The Times of Israel has reported. These embryos have beating hearts as well as brain structures.
The discovery of stem cells and their ability to take the form of any cell type in the body has opened many doors in the field of medicine. From curing baldness to curing HIV, stem cells can be used everywhere.
However, sourcing stem cells has raised major ethical concerns. Found abundantly in the embryonic stages of cell growth, harvesting these cells requires the embryo to be destroyed before it is implanted in the female womb. So, researchers have been looking for an alternative way to source them and have even been successful in their search.
Making stem cells more "naive"
Studies have shown that stem cells are also present in small numbers in organs like the skin, which constantly undergoes renewal throughout our life. The process requires cells of different types, and that's where the multi-potency of stem cells comes in handy.
Jacob Hanna, a professor at the Molecular Genetics Department at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, however, developed a method that would take back such stem cells to a previous step, where they are more "naive". In a previous study, Hanna and his team demonstrated that their technology could make human stem cells so "naive" that they could even be injected into mice, where they would function as if they were mice's own.
In separate work, Hanna's team also developed a special incubator that has all the necessary conditions for the growth of an embryo. In 2021, a group of researchers grew 250 mouse embryos into fetuses with fully formed organs inside this artificial womb. What Hanna and his team wanted to know was if the incubator could also grow embryos that were sourced from stem cells.
Embryos from stem cells
The researchers then used naive stem cells that had been cultured for years in a petri dish in the lab. Before placing them into the special incubator, these cells were divided into three groups. While one was left untreated to grow into embryonic stem cells, the other two were pretreated for a period of 48 hours to express genes that were master regulators of either the placenta or yolk sac.
The cells were once again mixed together in the incubator and allowed to grow. While most failed to develop properly, 0.5 percent, or 50 of 10,000 cells, went on to become spheres, which then took the elongated form of embryos.
The researchers had labeled each group of cells differently, so they could the growth of the placenta and yolk sac outside the embryo. At day 8.5, nearly half of the normal gestation of 20 days in mice, these embryos displayed early organs such as the beating heart, blood stem cell circulation, a brain with well-shaped folds, a neural tube,, and an intestinal tract, a university press release said.
This is the first instance of a research group using stem cells to make advanced embryos, Hanna told the Times of Israel. "Our next challenge is to understand how stem cells know what to do – how they self-assemble into organs and find their way to their assigned spots inside an embryo."
Apart from helping reduce the use of animals in stem cell research, the techniques developed in his lab could one day also help become a reliable source of cells, tissues, and organs for transplantation.
The findings of the study were published in the journal Cell.
Abstract
In vitro cultured stem cells with distinct developmental capacities can contribute to embryonic or extra-embryonic tissues after microinjection into pre-implantation mammalian embryos. However, whether cultured stem cells can independently give rise to entire gastrulating embryo-like structures with embryonic and extra-embryonic compartments, remains unknown. Here we adapt a recently established platform for prolonged ex utero growth of natural embryos, to generate mouse post-gastrulation synthetic whole embryo models (sEmbryos), with both embryonic and extra-embryonic compartments, starting solely from naïve ESCs. This was achieved by co-aggregating non-transduced ESCs, with naïve ESCs transiently expressing Cdx2- and Gata4- to promote their priming towards trophectoderm and primitive endoderm lineages, respectively. sEmbryos adequately accomplish gastrulation, advance through key developmental milestones, and develop organ progenitors within complex extra-embryonic compartments similar to E8.5 stage mouse embryos. Our findings highlight the plastic potential of naïve pluripotent cells to self-organize and functionally reconstitute and model the entire mammalian embryo beyond gastrulation.
Geen eicel of sperma meer nodig: wetenschappers maken voor het eerst “synthetische embryo's”
Onderzoekers hebben ‘s werelds eerste “synthetische embryo’s” gemaakt. Dit is een baanbrekende prestatie die de noodzaak van sperma, eicellen en bevruchting omzeilt. Wetenschappers van het Weizmann-instituut in Israël ontdekten dat stamcellen van muizen zichzelf konden samenstellen tot vroege embryo-achtige structuren met een darmkanaal, het begin van een brein en een kloppend hart.
De levende structuren, die synthetische embryo’s worden genoemd omdat ze zonder bevruchte eicellen tot stand komen, zullen naar verwachting op korte termijn leiden tot een beter begrip van de wijze waarop organen en weefsels zich tijdens de ontwikkeling van natuurlijke embryo’s vormen.
Maar de onderzoekers denken dat het werk ook het aantal dierproeven kan verminderen en uiteindelijk de weg kan banen voor nieuwe bronnen van cellen en weefsels voor transplantatie bij de mens. Zo zouden bijvoorbeeld huidcellen van een leukemiepatiënt kunnen worden omgevormd tot beenmergstamcellen om hun aandoening te behandelen.
Mechanische baarmoeder
“Opmerkelijk is dat we aantonen dat embryonale stamcellen hele synthetische embryo’s genereren, dat wil zeggen inclusief de placenta en de dooierzak die het embryo omringen,” zei prof. Jacob Hanna, die het werk leidde. “We zijn echt enthousiast over dit werk en de implicaties ervan.”
Vorig jaar beschreef hetzelfde team hoe ze een mechanische baarmoeder hadden gebouwd die natuurlijke muizenembryo’s in staat stelde om meerdere dagen buiten de baarmoeder te groeien. In het laatste werk werd hetzelfde apparaat gebruikt om stamcellen van muizen gedurende meer dan een week te koesteren, bijna de helft van de draagtijd van een muis.
Sommige cellen werden voorbehandeld met chemicaliën, waardoor genetische programma’s werden aangezet om zich te ontwikkelen tot placenta of dooierzak, terwijl andere zich zonder interventie ontwikkelden tot organen en andere weefsels.
Functionele organen
De meeste stamcellen slaagden er niet in embryonale structuren te vormen, maar ongeveer 0,5% groeide uit tot kleine bolletjes die afzonderlijke weefsels en organen aanmaakten. In vergelijking met natuurlijke muizenembryo’s waren de synthetische embryo’s voor 95% gelijk wat betreft hun inwendige structuur en de genetische profielen van de cellen. Voor zover de wetenschappers konden vaststellen, waren de gevormde organen functioneel.
Hanna zei dat synthetische embryo’s geen “echte” embryo’s waren en niet het potentieel hadden om zich tot levende dieren te ontwikkelen, of toch niet toen ze in de baarmoeder van vrouwelijke muizen werden getransplanteerd. Hij heeft een bedrijf opgericht, Renewal Bio genaamd, dat zich ten doel stelt menselijke synthetische embryo’s te kweken om weefsels en cellen te leveren voor medische aandoeningen.
Ethische goedkeuring
“In Israël en veel andere landen, zoals de VS en het VK, is het legaal en hebben we ethische goedkeuring om dit te doen met door mensen geïnduceerde pluripotente stamcellen. Dit biedt een ethisch en technisch alternatief voor het gebruik van embryo’s,” zei Hanna.
Doctor James Briscoe, hoofdgroepleider aan het Francis Crick Institute in Londen, die niet bij het onderzoek betrokken was, zei dat het belangrijk was te bespreken hoe het werk het best kon worden gereguleerd voordat menselijke synthetische embryo’s werden ontwikkeld. Synthetische menselijke embryo’s zijn geen onmiddellijk vooruitzicht. We weten minder over menselijke embryo’s dan over muizenembryo’s en de inefficiëntie van de synthetische muizenembryo’s suggereert dat het vertalen van de bevindingen naar de mens verdere ontwikkeling vereist,” zei Briscoe.
Grijs gebied
Maar, voegde hij eraan toe: “Nu is het een goed moment om na te denken over het beste wettelijke en ethische kader om het onderzoek en het gebruik van menselijke synthetische embryo’s te reguleren en om de huidige regelgeving bij te werken.”
Tegen StatNews zei professor Paul Tesar, een geneticus aan de Case Western Reserve University, dat hoe meer wetenschappers deze techniek verder ontwikkelen, hoe meer de synthetische en natuurlijke embryo’s beginnen samen te smelten. “Er zal altijd een grijs gebied zijn,” zei hij. “Maar als wetenschappers en als samenleving moeten we samen beslissen waar de grens ligt en definiëren wat ethisch aanvaardbaar is.”
Beste bezoeker, Heb je zelf al ooit een vreemde waarneming gedaan, laat dit dan even weten via email aan Frederick Delaere opwww.ufomeldpunt.be. Deze onderzoekers behandelen jouw melding in volledige anonimiteit en met alle respect voor jouw privacy. Ze zijn kritisch, objectief maar open minded aangelegd en zullen jou steeds een verklaring geven voor jouw waarneming! DUS AARZEL NIET, ALS JE EEN ANTWOORD OP JOUW VRAGEN WENST, CONTACTEER FREDERICK. BIJ VOORBAAT DANK...
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
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