The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
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Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
17-08-2022
FURIOUS DOLPHIN BITES AT LEAST SIX BEACHGOERS IN JAPAN
FURIOUS DOLPHIN BITES AT LEAST SIX BEACHGOERS IN JAPAN
WHAT THE HECK!?
GETTY IMAGES/FUTURISM
Ragin' Cetacean
Right as "Jaws" hits theaters again this summer, one dolphin in the sea of Japan is looking to put that titular maneater to shame.
According to Japanese newspaper The Mainichi, officials say that a single dastardly dolphin has been responsible for at least six different attacks on humans this month, prowling the shores of several beaches of the Fukui Prefecture in Japan.
One swimmer required 14 stitches after a nasty bite to their hand. Another beachgoer found his arm clamped in the jaws of the furious creature, and when he attempted to pry it free, the dolphin almost forced him underwater by lunging on top of him. There have been at least 17 different dolphin attacks in total since that date, but it's unclear how many of those that the feared dolphin is responsible for.
Shore Thing
We’re not talking about attacks on people wading far out into the ocean. In fact, most of them occurred less than ten yards from shore.
After the initial wave of dolphin attacks, the city of Fukui installed underwater, ultrasonic wave emitting devices to stave off sea animals, The Mainichi reports. But the rogue dolphin has continued to strike even in the face of those deterrents, at least twice more as of Tuesday.
In the grand scheme of things, dolphin attacks on humans are quite rare — and so are shark attacks, it’s worth mentioning, contrary to what Spielberg’s blockbuster might have you believe — but that doesn’t mean beachgoers shouldn’t be careful.
"There are certain body parts where dolphins don’t like to be touched, like the tip of their nose and their dorsal fin," cautioned a tourism department official while speaking to Agence France-Presse, quoted by The Guardian.
Sea Psychos
Despite their cheery status in pop culture, dolphins can be shockingly cruel, likely in part due to their high levels of intelligence. They’re some of the biggest assholes in the ocean, mutilating the babies of other sea creatures for fun, and other grisly details we’d rather not mention here.
So if you see a dolphin swimming your way, treat it with the same respect and caution you would any other wild animal — and maybe just leave it alone entirely.
It doesn’t matter whether it’s planets, moons or stars: Although the countless celestial bodies in the universe sometimes differ greatly from one another, all these objects still have one thing in common – they are finite structures. Basically, it can be said that the processes in space are also subject to a constant rhythm of decline and new creation.
It doesn’t matter whether it’s planets, moons or stars: Although the countless celestial bodies in the universe sometimes differ greatly from one another, all these objects still have one thing in common – they are finite structures. Basically, it can be said that the processes in space are also subject to a constant rhythm of decline and new creation.
Those areas in which new stars and planets are born are therefore among the most important galactic regions among experts. The central question of how the formation processes of new celestial bodies in the universe are fueled has always been one of the most important aspects of modern space research.
However, some employees of the University of Copenhagen have now experienced first-hand that the investigation of the corresponding areas can also bring fabulous surprises to light. You can find out what unexpected circumstances the researchers were confronted with and what unique astronomical discoveries the experts were able to make in the recent past in today’s post
How Many of Today's "UFOs" Are From Other Worlds? How Many Are From Right Here?
Nick Redfern
There is no doubt that as our technology advances in quick fashion, it gets harder and harder to determine what might be a real UFO and something that just might be from...elsewhere. So, with that said, today I'll share with you the strange and fantastic crafts in our skies that I believe are terrestrial and not extraterrestrial. Perhaps, you'll agree with me. Maybe, you won't agree in the slightest. But, I think we are all looking for the answers. I'll begin with the near-legendary "Black Triangles." Beginning in 1989 and continuing through 1990, Belgium was the focus of intense UFO activity. There was not a single flying saucer in sight, however. Rather, people were reporting encounters with what became known as black-colored “Flying Triangles.” Superficially, they resembled the U.S. Stealth bomber and fighter. There were, however, significant differences: the FTs flew silently, could hover, and were able to fly at speeds as slow as 20 miles per hour and in excess of 1,000 miles per hour. While, in some quarters, there was a nagging suspicion that the Flying Triangles were aircraft still on the secret list, most observers dismissed such a theory. After all, why not test-fly them above the deserts of Area 51, where they would not be seen?
(Nick Redfern) Area 51: Where high-tech aircraft are hidden. Alien craft probably aren't.
It wasn’t just the general public, UFO investigators, and the Belgian military that were deeply concerned by all of this. The U.S. Defense Intelligence Agency was worried, too. As a perfect example, a 1990 DIA report, titled “Belgium and the UFO Issue,” reveals the facts concerning a wealth of Flying Triangle encounters, including the following, which occurred on March 18, 1990. According to the DIA: “Source A cited Mr. Leon Brenig, a 43-year-old professor at the Free University of Brussels in the field of statistics and physics…Mr. Brenig was driving on the Ardennes autoroute in the Beaufays region east of Liege, Sunday, 18 March 1990 at 2030 hours when he observed an airborne object approaching in his direction from the North. It was in the form of a triangle…and had a yellow light surrounding it with a reddish center varying in intensity. Altitude appeared to be 500-1000 meters, moving at a slow speed with no sound. It did not move or behave like an aircraft." My firm view is that we are looking at ongoing next-gerenation Stealth planes and not the work of ETs. Onto another aspect of this controversy.
In the early 1990s, rumors began to circulate among the aviation world that a highly secret, futuristic aircraft was being flown out of Area 51 – and under distinctly covert circumstances - to say the very least. The reportedly large, black-colored, triangular-shaped aircraft which could fly at incredible speeds, could outmaneuver just about anything else on the planet. It was rumored to be known as the Aurora. Officially, at least, and according to the U.S. Government, the Aurora does not exist and has never existed - at all. But, we should remember that was once said about Area 51, too. So, with that in our collective minds, we need to tread cautiously when it comes to official proclamations of the controversial type. And that includes the aviation industry.
The story began – publicly, at least , I should stress – in the early part of March 1990. That was when the well-respected magazine Aviation Week & Space Technology covered the story. They revealed that the term “Aurora” had appeared in the 1985 U.S. budget – and had possibly appeared by mistake, which makes sense if the program was so highly sensitive that its existence had to be denied at all costs. And talking of costs, it was rumored that around $455 million had been provided to those working out at Area 51 on secret, futuristic aircraft. AW&ST suspected that Aurora was a codename for multiple kinds of aircraft that were both radical in design and technology. Other investigators, though, concluded that Aurora referred to just one type of aircraft. AW&ST learned that by 1987 the budget had soared to in excess of two billion dollars. Impressive!
Now, to another aircraft of the secret type; one that went wrong. Some might say this is a case of a "UFO crash." I say "Wrong." In March 1997, the U.K.’s Independent newspaper ran an article titled “Secret US spyplane crash may be kept under wraps.” In part, it stated: “A top-secret United States spyplane which flies on the edge of space at five times the speed of sound crashed at the British experimental airbase at Boscombe Down, Hampshire, in September 1994, according to a report in a leading military aviation journal. The SAS [Special Air Service], the report said, was scrambled to throw a cordon round the wreckage, which was flown back to the US two days later. The hypersonic reconnaissance aircraft, called Astra or Aurora, is believed to have been developed in the 1980s as a secret US government ‘black program.’” The explanation, from British officials, that the mysterious craft was nothing stranger than a Tornado aircraft has been met with rolling eyes and shaking heads. Particularly since the Tornado in question actually came down in August 1994 and not late one night in September of that year. National Archives papers on the affair state the following:
“…the only flying that took place that night was the launch of two Royal Navy Sea King helicopters in support of an exercise. Claims that members of the public were turned away by police roadblocks may have arisen from some confusion over dates. On August 12, 1994 a Tornado participating in a trial made an emergency landing there after the decoy target under trial failed to jettison. The Tornado landed with a trailing 375ft steel cable and, for safety reasons, roads close to Boscombe Down were closed while the aircraft passed overhead. We are aware of press reports regarding an aircraft known as ‘Aurora’. The Ministry of Defense has no knowledge of any U.S. aircraft with this designation operating in UK airspace. The existence of such a program would, in any case, be a matter for the US Government to confirm.”
Now, we get to the matter of the incredible "UFOs" that Bob Lazar said he saw out at Area 51's S-4. For the record, I believe Lazar was at Area 51. But, there was a great deal of disinformation, too. So the story went, the staff at Area 51 had no less than nine alien craft in their possession. Most of them were allegedly in good condition – in fact, some were said to be in excellent condition. One was superficially damaged, but not overly so. It’s hardly surprising that Lazar was threatened – with his life, no less – to never talk about any of this with anyone outside of the program. That included Lazar’s wife, family and friends. On this issue, Lazar was told that to ensure he towed the line, his home phone would be tapped. He had to sign a document that starkly detailed the result of any violations of the agreement – which included lengthy jail sentences and even a visit from the Grim Reaper. Or, from a government agent with a flair for snuffing out lives. He was even told that if he did ever speak out of line, hypnosis and chemicals could be used to wipe out his memories of what he saw out at S-4. For Lazar this was all very ominous, but the stakes were so high – the ability to work on alien spaceships – that it was too great a lure to say "no" to. Lazar eagerly signed away his life in an instant. Maybe all of us would.
(Nick Redfern) Ours or Theirs?
There's something else, too: Lazar didn't just see a bunch of Flying Saucer-style craft at S-4; he was also drugged. We’re talking about ways and means to blur reality, to have the targeted individual – in this case Lazar – see and experience something that may not actually be part of what passes for reality. UFO writer Timothy Good made a notable statement on this issue. Good stated that Lazar told him, “Security was formidable, and various methods of intimidation (including the possible use of drugs and hypnosis [italics mine]) were used to ensure that those who worked at the base kept their mouths shut.” Renowned ufologist, Dr. Jacques Vallee, noted something that was almost certainly connected to the drugs / hypnosis issue. Vallee, speaking on KLAS-TV’s show, UFOs: The Best Evidence, said he asked Lazar “if he felt that his memory might have been tampered with.”
There was a good reason for that question to have been asked. Lazar has admitted that on a couple of occasions, all he could remember was being flown out to S-4…and flying back. And that’s all. His mind had been wiped clean of around two days’ worth of memories. And he never, ever got those missing days back. In light of that, we have to seriously wonder if Lazar genuinely recalled his experiences as he remembered them, but that what he remembered wasn’t real. It may well have been part of an ingenious plan to have Lazar become the ultimate patsy in a plot to convince someone – maybe the Russians – that the U.S. Government has UFOs and alien technology in its secret arsenals. In that sense, the entirety of Lazar’s story needs to be addressed very carefully. Not because he was a liar. But, because his memories cannot be trusted. A strong case can be made that the hypnosis - tied to mock-ups of high-tech-type craft - would easily empasize what Lazar was seeing. Or, what he wasn't seeing or remebering.
There can be no doubt that the alien angle of the history of Area 51 excites many. Maybe that’s what the U.S. Government is counting on. After all, not even the power of all the military, defense, and intelligence-based agencies in the United States can prevent a few leaks of classified information. So, perhaps to keep eager Ufologists away from stumbling on covert programs concerned with new aircraft designs, next-generation weapons-systems, mind-control techniques and more of a down to earth nature, they swamp those same Ufologists with enticing tales of extraterrestrial conspiracies, the Roswell affair, and interviews with a sickly creature from another world. For the people at Area 51, it may be a case of this: if you can’t plug the genuine leaks, then swamp them with far more tantalizing and enticing tales of E.T. And, tales of strange craft in the skies that are really ours. A good argument could be made that this is exactly what has happened. At times, the targeted people might have been patriotic American citizens who overstepped the mark in their quests to find out if alien life really does hang out at Area 51. On other occasions, and particularly during the Cold War, the targets may have been Soviet spies, seeking the very same answers. Dangling an alien carrot – so to speak – would be Aurorathe perfect way to reel in and arrest eager Russian agents. And if that carrot never really existed – except in the minds of those running the disinformation programs – then all the better.
It is, perhaps, highly appropriate to end this article with the words of David Duchovny’s character of FBI Special-Agent Fox Mulder in TheX-Files. Episode seventeen of the first season is titled “E.B.E.,” (which is said to be an abbreviated term used by staff at Area 51 to describe aliens: “Extraterrestrial Biological Entities”). As the episode comes to an end, Mulder says to one of his well-informed sources on the inside, dubbed Deep Throat, “I’m wondering which lie to believe.” We can all surely relate to that. Is it possible that many of our UFOs really are high-tech aircraft of the U.S. military and that the government is quite happy to go along with the UFO/extraterrestrial angle and camouflage things? I say that is precisely what's going on. You may not be happy with my words, but we need facts and hard data on the "secret aircraft," phenomenon and not on staged UFOs.
For decades our skies have been haunted by the various, unexplainable phenomena collectively known as UFOs, or also UAP (Unexplained Aerial Phenomena). Long considered by many to be of origins not of this earth, they display all manner of behaviors and maneuvers beyond any technology we now possess, moving in ways no known aircraft ever could possibly hope to acheive. Yet, what if they are not any sort of physical aircraft or alien spacecraft at all, but rather holograms and illusions designed to shock, awe, and confuse?
The idea that UFOs might be some form of holograms has its roots in many of the bizarre characteristics involved with many sightings. For instance, these objects are often seen doing incredible aerial acrobatics and maneuvers that would be impossible for any known aircraft to pull off and which often even seem to defy the laws of physics, as well as move, turn, or accelerate at phenomenal speeds. However, what if they were not an actual real physical objects at all, but rather some form of projection? If this were the case, then such maneuvers and speed would be fairly easy to pull off. Additionally, UFOs are often seen to change shape or vanish into thin air, and are usually described as moving about without any discernible method of propulsion, which are other strange features that could be because they are projected images rather than physically present craft.
The idea is not totally far-fetched. The military has long pursued the use of holographic images on the battlefield to fool, manipulate, confuse and trick enemy forces through projecting these virtual images, and there are also applications for what called PSYOPS, which seek to "exploit human vulnerabilities in enemy governments, militaries and populations." One example of this is the so-called “Face of Allah” weapon, which is a theoretical weapon that would use giant mirrors and projectors to generate a massive, lifelike image of some deity over the battlefield in order to incite fear in enemy soldiers. As far as we know, such a weapon has not been actually developed yet and is beyond our technological capabilities, but it has definitely been looked into by the military for some time and is even rumored to have been used during the Iraq War. Bill Arkin, military analyst and author of The U.S. Military Online, was talking about this all the way back in 1999, writing in The Washington Post:
What if the U.S. projected a holographic image of Allah floating over Baghdad urging the Iraqi people and Army to rise up against Saddam, a senior Air Force officer asked in 1990? According to a military physicist given the task of looking into the hologram idea, the feasibility had been established of projecting large, three-dimensional objects that appeared to float in the air. But doing so over the skies of Iraq? To project such a hologram over Baghdad on the order of several hundred feet, they calculated, would take a mirror more than a mile square in space, as well as huge projectors and power sources. And besides, investigators came back, what does Allah look like? The Gulf War hologram story might be dismissed were it not the case that washingtonpost.com has learned that a super-secret program was established in 1994 to pursue the very technology for PSYOPS application. The "Holographic Projector" is described in a classified Air Force document as a system to "project information power from space for special operations deception missions."
With regards to UFOs, it is speculated that the enemy could be developing this technology for the purpose of projecting these objects to disrupt military flight systems, confuse pilots or ground forces, or create awe and fear. It could also be a way to put an enemy government on a state of high alert or unease, which seems to be working if that is really what’s going on. In recent years there has been a swift uptick in the number of sightings of UFOs, or what the military prefers to call UAP (Unidentified Aerial Phenomena) by military forces, and the Pentagon has gone on record stating that several videos taken by military pilots are indeed authentic and unexplained. It has created concerns of threats to national security, to the point that there has been a Congressional hearing on UAP, an official government report written, and even a task force created to coordinate data collection efforts with regards to these phenomena, and the Department of Defense has reviewed more than 150 credible reports and videos that have no clear explanation. Scott Bray, the Deputy Director of Naval Intelligence, has said of it:
We've seen an increasing number of unauthorized and or unidentified aircraft or objects in military control training areas and training ranges and other designated airspace. Reports of sightings are frequent and continuous. Navy and Air Force crews now have step-by-step procedures for reporting UAPs on their kneeboard, in the cockpit. The inability to understand objects in our sensitive operating areas is tantamount to intelligence failure that we certainly want to avoid.
Keeping an enemy government on its toes like this and creating fear of the unknown and confusion would be a very real application for the use of holographic UFOs, and could be done without even putting aircraft in the sky at all. In combat situations, these projections could confuse or frighten pilots or ground forces by making them see “UFOs” that would not only shock and confuse, but also interfere with flight systems and distract in combat situations. Legal analyst, and investigative reporter Jeffrey Scott Shapiro believes that many reports of UAP are indeed holographic technology developed by China or Russia, and has explained of these applications:
UFOs may be earthly -- and dangerous. I think it is a serious threat because these technologies were designed to possibly confuse our fighter pilots during combat aviation situations. So that if a pilot is flying in the sky, and they see possible enemy aircraft. The enemy aircraft could possibly have other images beside them so that our pilots can't actually tell what the real target is. And because this technology appears to be able to show up on different sensors, not only infrared but radar, it's quite possible our pilots would not be able to tell which target is the real one. They may inadvertently fire a heat-seeking sidewinder missile at what is actually a hologram of an aircraft or a UFO, instead of an actual target firing on us.
Indeed, the U.S. military itself has researched, developed, and patented laser-plasma technology for the purpose of creating “laser-induced plasma that acts as a decoy for an incoming threat to the air vehicle.” The elaborate system creates a series of mid-air plasma columns, which form a 2D or 3D images, through a method called "raster scanning," which is basically very similar to how old-fashioned cathode ray TVs sets display a picture. The idea is to use these projected images as decoys and distractions as a way to provide protection from incoming missiles, but it could also be used to create ghost images or phantom targets to confuse enemy pilots as to how many aircraft are present and which is a real target, or even make them think they are seeing aliens from outer space. These decoys can be projected for a long period of time, can be created instantly at any desired distance from the aircraft, can be moved around at will, and are able to be tuned to emit light of any wavelength including visible, infrared, and ultraviolet. This technology was patented in 2018, and could easily be tweaked to the point that it is able to create realistic holographic images of UFOs or whatever the operator wanted the enemy to see, really, limited only by the imagination. Shapiro has said of this technology and how it might pertain to the UFO phenomenon:
There's a patent for the space-enabled Warfare System Center Pacific where they are using laser-plasma technology to project holographic images that would project sort of a type of Unidentified Flying Object in the sky. And as you know, a lot of people, especially military personnel, are seeing these tic-tac-shaped or UFOs in the sky. But a lot of times, their appearance seems to be grainy. We don't see where they land. We don't see where they take off. And so, if there was a laser image projecting a hologram, that could not only explain those factors, it could also explain a lot of these images seem to be able to move in a very erratic fashion that defies our laws of physics.
The U.S. Army has also experimented using quantum physics to create what is called “quantum ghost imaging” that will “allow commanders to put holographic soldiers on the field to confuse or intimidate enemies.” According to the site Fast Company:
Harnessing ghost imaging would allow the army to gin up images of people or vehicles on clouds of ambient smoke from a removed distance. The Army’s science and technology office is also working on developing interactive holograms of soldiers with low-level human intelligence, realistic dialogue and emotional expressiveness — essentially making possible entire working units of faux personnel and equipment that look, move and even sound like the real thing.
It would not be a huge jump to do the same thing with aircraft or UFOs, so is this perhaps already being done, and if so to what extent? It seems like the technology for acheiving such things is feasibly within our grasp and perhaps even being used already, but can it account for UFOs? The UFO phenomenon has been going on for decades and encompasses a wide ranging spectrum of various weirdness, so it seems unlikely that it could all be attributed to holograms and that it probably covers a range of different explanations including experimental aircraft, atmospheric phenomena, and yes, possibly even aliens. Yet, could some of these incidents and sightings be down to insidious and shadowy enemy governments orchestrating it all through advanced holographic technology? It remains to be seen.
This bright unidentified flying objects were filmed in flying across the sky above Phoenix, Arizona on 13th August 2022.
Witness report:
First saw 3 objects to our NE as we were driving. Seemed to be aligned in a triangle. Object to our right then moved to center object and was absorbed. Object to left then moved to the center Object and was absorbed, leaving one Object. I was driving and eventually lost sight of remaining object. Really reporting to find out if there is another explanation or if others may have seen what we saw.
This UFO footage was filmed back in 2017 (25th November) but it was just recently submitted to MUFON’s website. It happened over Elmwood Park, a village in Cook County, Illinois.
Witness report:
Well out on my deck I observed several lights in the sky that seem to be hovering and changing directions
This new telescope that will make the James Webb look like a toy
This new telescope that will make the James Webb look like a toy
The James Webb space telescope has only recently begun operations, astounding the globe and exceeding astronomers' expectations, but advancement continues: if all goes according to plan, humanity will have a new space telescope in a few decades that will make the Webb seem like a spyglass toy.
It will be the Stanford Gravity Telescope, an instrument so incredibly powerful that it will allow, for the first time in history, to see a planet in another solar system in detail. So much detail — on the scale of tens of kilometers per pixel — that astronomers say we can see continents, oceans, clouds, and even active volcanoes. In fact, they claim that we will be able to see how the atmosphere moves while the exoplanet rotates around its parent star.
How does it work
The project is one of three that has moved to phase 3 funding at NASA's Institute for Advanced Concepts, and its inventors recently published a new study in The Astrophysical Journal, offering new details on how they plan to make it happen. We already knew that this space telescope will not use conventional lenses but will exploit a phenomenon known as the Einstein Ring .
These rings can be seen around any massive object in space, from a star to a galaxy. The gravity created by the mass deforms the light that comes from very distant objects located behind it from the observer's point of view, amplifying it and creating a ring.
Using an algorithm, this ring can be put back together, transforming a distorted image into a normal image. James Webb, Hubble, and many ground-based observatories already use this effect with galaxies, revealing other galaxies so far away that we could not see with the direct use of today's mirrors and sensors.
Diagram of how the gravitational telescope would work.
The problem is that, in order to take advantage of the Einstein Ring that can 'generate' our sun, the telescope must be at a minimum distance of between 550 and 1,000 astronomical units (AU). Basically, the mission would seek to put the instrument 14 times the distance from the Sun to Pluto, enough to be able to investigate the thousands of planets that we know are in the range of 100 light years away.
Right now, Voyager 1 — the farthest man-made object from Earth — is at 156 AU after 44 years of travel. So the first problem will be to shorten the travel time. Right now the technology doesn't exist — such as direct fusion engines — to accelerate a telescope the size of Hubble to the rate of 20 AU per year, the minimum they consider acceptable.
So instead of sending a single telescope like Hubble or Webb, the team wants to send several small modular satellites toward the Sun, using their gravitational assist effect combined with solar sails to reach the point of observation in an acceptable time.
Concept of the telescope already assembled.
The constellation of modular mini-satellites — which to cut costs will be sent as cargo on other rocket flights — will be assembled in space autonomously, like Lego blocks. In this way, they say, we can have a mission ready to operate in just a decade from its launch. Once at its point of observation, the telescope would basically operate autonomously using artificial intelligence and following a preset list of targets. The reason for this autonomy is that, at the operating distance, communications between the telescope and Earth will take about 63 hours. To maneuver, the instrument could use ion engines during the ten years of the scientific mission.
Historical importance
It's an ingenious plan. Obviously, such a mission poses numerous challenges that have yet to be resolved. Like the James Webb, the plan to build this extraordinary machine has been a long time in the making and is still years away from being realized. In fact, some estimates give at least fifty years before we can execute it. Well over twenty that the Webb, which was unimaginable at the time, took time to go from fantasy to fantastic reality.
But these deadlines do not seem important on the historical scale. As Bruce Macintosh — one of the leaders of this project and professor of physics at the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences and deputy director of the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC) — says, this new telescope has the potential to affect the very human consciousness, as did 'Earthrise', the first image of Earth sunrise over the moon taken by Apollo 8.
"We want to take pictures of planets orbiting other stars that are as good as the pictures we can take of planets in our own solar system. With this technology, we hope to take a picture of a planet 100 light-years away that has the same impact than the Apollo 8 image of Earth," says Macintosh. The image taken by the Apollo had a profound effect worldwide that influenced the creation of institutions such as the American Environmental Protection Agency or Doctors Without Borders.
We really don't know what effect seeing another habitable planet a hundred light years away from Earth will have. In the short term, maybe not much. But if we want to survive as a species — aside from not destroying ourselves as we seem to be constantly trying — we're going to have to have a very long-term plan.
Mounds of snow-like frazil ice under the Antarctic ice shelf. According to research from UT Austin, Europa's ice shell could be made of the same stuff. Credit: Helen Glazer 2015, from the project "Walking in Antarctica" (helenglazer.com)
Below Europa's thick icy crust is a massive, global ocean where the snow floats upwards onto inverted ice peaks and submerged ravines. The bizarre underwater snow is known to occur below ice shelves on Earth, but a new study shows that the same is likely true for Jupiter's moon, where it may play a role in building its ice shell.
The underwater snow is much purer than other kinds of ice, which means Europa's ice shell could be much less salty than previously thought. That's important for mission scientists preparing NASA's Europa Clipper spacecraft, which will use radar to peek beneath the ice shell to see if Europa's ocean could be hospitable to life. The new information will be critical because salt trapped in the ice can affect what and how deep the radar will see into the ice shell, so being able to predict what the ice is made of will help scientists make sense of the data.
The study, published in the August edition of the journal Astrobiology, was led by The University of Texas at Austin, which is also leading the development of Europa Clipper's ice penetrating radar instrument. Knowing what kind of ice Europa's shell is made of will also help decipher the salinity and habitability of its ocean.
"When we're exploring Europa, we're interested in the salinity and composition of the ocean, because that's one of the things that will govern its potential habitability or even the type of life that might live there," said the study's lead author Natalie Wolfenbarger, a graduate student researcher at the University of Texas Institute for Geophysics (UTIG) in the UT Jackson School of Geosciences.
Europa is a rocky world about the size of the Earth's moon that is surrounded by a global ocean and a miles-thick ice shell. Previous studies suggest the temperature, pressure and salinity of Europa's ocean nearest to the ice is similar to what you would find beneath an ice shelf in Antarctica.
An illustration of NASA's Europa Clipper spacecraft flying by Jupiter's moon Europa. The spacecraft, which is planned to launch in 2024, will carry an ice-penetrating radar instrument developed by scientists at the University of Texas Institute for Geophysics. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech.
Armed with that knowledge, the new study examined the two different ways that water freezes under ice shelves, congelation ice and frazil ice. Congelation ice grows directly from under the ice shelf. Frazil ice forms as ice flakes in supercooled seawater which float upwards through the water, settling on the bottom of the ice shelf.
Both ways make ice that's less salty than seawater, which Wolfenbarger found would be even less salty when scaled up to the size and age of Europa's ice shell. What's more, according to her calculations, frazil ice—which keeps only a tiny fraction of the salt in seawater—could be very common on Europa. That means its ice shell could be orders of magnitude purer than previous estimates. This affects everything from its strength, to how heat moves through it, and forces that might drive a kind of ice tectonics.
"This paper is opening up a whole new batch of possibilities for thinking about ocean worlds and how they work," said Steve Vance, a research scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) who was not involved in the study. "It sets the stage for how we might prepare for Europa Clipper's analysis of the ice."
According to co-author Donald Blankenship, a senior research scientist at UTIG and principal investigator for Europa Clipper's ice penetrating radar instrument, the research is validation for using the Earth as a model to understand the habitability of Europa.
"We can use Earth to evaluate Europa's habitability, measure the exchange of impurities between the ice and ocean, and figure out where water is in the ice," he said.
Scientists believe they may have caught a glimpse of a parallel universe bumping up against ours.
They’ve seen hints in signals from the most distant points of the universe that suggest the fabric of our universe has been disrupted by another incredibly different universe. Their analysis may be the proof for the multiverse theory.
According to researchers: “Dr Ranga-Ram Chary examined the noise and residual signals in the cosmic microwave background left over from the Big Bang (pictured) and found a number of scattered bright spots which he believes may be signals of another universe bumping into our own billions of years ago.”
At least that’s the tentative conclusion researchers have come to. According to some cosmological theories, collisions of alternative universes should be possible. Theories conclude that our universe is like a bubble among many.
Once a universe begins in a big bang type setting, it never stops expanding. That goes for all the universes. So it makes sense they’d periodically bump into one another.
They’re all likely in a row, say researchers, vibrating, bouncing around, and rubbing up on each other.
Dr. Chary believes that the signal he’s received indicate that this other universe is extremely different from our own.
He says it could have a ratio of subatomic particles called photos and baryons that are about 10 fold greater than in our universe.
Dr. Chary explains, “The fine tuning of parameters in the early universe required to reproduce our present day universe suggests that our universe may simply be a region within an eternally inflating super-region.
Many other regions beyond our observable universe would exist with each such region governed by a different set of physical parameters than the ones we have measured for our universe.”
More research will need to be done, but this could be the beginning of some very interesting discoveries.
As I took my early morning stroll, along the bohemian streets of Soho, London, I thought I could hear someone choking. Faint at first, by gradually getting louder. I looked all around, expecting to see some derelict party-person couhging up last nights good times. (It’s a common occurence in these parts). But no-one was around. Then I realised the sound must be coming from a far-off place. When I returned to my laptop and saw the Calvine UFO picture had been un-earthed and was now flooding the usual social media channels, I realised it must have been Nick Pope choking on his early morning cup of tea. Not only was the Calvine photo now in the public domain, but Pope’s arch-nemesis Dr. David Clarke had obtained the photo.
Dr. Clarke has been like a dog with a bone in regard to the Calvine UFO incident, and has done a huge amount of research, which has paid off with the discovery of the photo. Now, why this matters to Pope is that Calvine was one of the UK’s UFO stories that he loved to pontificate about. A mock-up of the Calvine photo was allegedly pinned on the wall in Pope’s office a la “I Want to Believe” in The X-Files. So instead of getting excited that the photo was now out of the shadows, and thinking about all the new avenues of research this opened up, Pope decided he needed to maintain his relevancy to the Calvine story.
First off, Pope went for the “I can not confirm or deny” approach
Then followd up with the “please look at my version that I had created, rather than the actual photo” approach.
Then Pope claimed there were “dark forces” at play which stopped the photo seeing the light of day. That was probably the Official Secrets Act, Nick. Strangely, these “dark forces” were vanquished by good old fashioned research. You could learn something there.
Then Pope started to sound desperate, making a pathetic comment about provenance, followed by the plea to look at Pope’s recreation. It’s just all starting to sound a bit sad and desperate!
The jig is up for Pope when it comes to Calvine. The photo is out there and people are now running with it in regards to researching just what is the object in question. This is no longer one of Pope’s pet projects because so many people are now divng in. For Pope, this jig is over. Now, let’s see how we can de-rail that UFO gravy train…
Astronomers Find A Potential ‘Major Planet’ Orbiting A Dead Star That Can Support Life For At Least 1 Billion Years Into The Future
Astronomers Find A Potential ‘Major Planet’ Orbiting A Dead Star That Can Support Life For At Least 1 Billion Years Into The Future
It turns out that the existence of life on planets orbiting stars like our sun does not require those stars to be vibrant and powerful. A potential "major planet" that orbits a dying sun and could support life in the future has been found by scientists.
The “surprising” discovery was made by researchers from University College London while watching a white dwarf, the burning remnants of a star that ran out of hydrogen fuel. It is about 117 light-years away from us. This star, known as WD1054-226, has a ring of planetary rubble in its orbital habitable zone, also known as the Goldilocks zone, where temperatures should enable the planet to have liquid water on its surface.
If the newfound planet is proved to be a life-sustaining world, it will be the first time a life-sustaining planet has been identified around a dying sun.
Image credit: NASA
Scientists made the discovery while monitoring the light from the white dwarf and reported their results in the Royal Astronomical Society’s Monthly Notices. They discovered strong dips in light that matched to 65 uniformly distributed clouds of debris that orbited WD1054-226 every 25 hours, according to their findings.
Jay Farihi, the lead author of the study and professor at UCL Physics and Astronomy, said: “The moon-sized structures we have observed are irregular and dusty (e.g. comet-like) rather than solid, spherical bodies”
He described the structures as a “mystery we cannot explain,” but suggested one possible and “unexpected” explanation: a nearby planet.
He said: “”An exciting possibility is that these bodies are kept in such an evenly-spaced orbital pattern because of the gravitational influence of a nearby planet. Without this influence, friction and collisions would cause the structures to disperse, losing the precise regularity that is observed. A precedent for this ‘shepherding’ is the way the gravitational pull of moons around Neptune and Saturn help to create stable ring structures orbiting these planets. We were not looking for this.”
The idea of a “major planet” in the star’s habitable zone is thrilling, but he emphasises that such a planet has yet to be proven. Farihi stated that his team still requires further proof, which may be tough to get due to the inability to directly view the planet. To gain a clearer explanation, they may have to depend on computer models along with additional observations of the star and its circling debris.
The team anticipates that, if a planet exists, it was just recently formed — and that it would be habitable for at least 2 billion years, including at least 1 billion years in the future.
Their finding may also aid scientists in developing a better knowledge of our solar system, as more than 95% of all stars, including our sun, will ultimately become white dwarfs.
Four aging Air Force veterans on Tuesday, Dec. 7, finally spoke about their strange and extraordinary encounters with unidentified flying objects (UFO) during a conference held in Washington, D.C.
Three of the Air Force veterans personally appeared in the hearing while a fourth one was brought into the National Press Club conference via video feed from the Ozark Mountains in Missouri.
The story of each veteran was different but they share one important claim: UFOs tampered with Air Force nuclear weapons in the 1960s, which both terrified and mystified the airmen and made them remain silent for decades. (Related: Former US military officer claims UFOs shut down nuclear missiles.)
Also capturing the attention of Washington were the reports of Navy encounters with unknown flying objects or unexplained aerial phenomena (UAP) that have made national headlines and put UFOs back into political attention for the first time in years.
“I waited 40 years before I opened my mouth, and that’s a long time,” said David Schindele, a retired captain who worked as a nuclear missile launch control officer at Minot Air Force Base in North Dakota. “I had this terrible secret on my mind for all that time, and I felt such great relief to finally admit to my friends and close relatives what I experienced in the Air Force.”
Veteran Robert Salas told his story about a glowing red-orange craft that hovered at a Minuteman intercontinental ballistic missile silo in Montana and his account has been told for decades and has become a part of the growing UFO lore.
Through the years, the government has remained aloof to reports of UFOs flirting with the most powerful arms during the Cold War. But a different Capitol heard the stories of Salas and his fellow veterans this year.
The group claimed that UFOs have appeared since the 1960s and they’re backed up by the current accounts of Navy witnesses and fighter jet footage of UAP.
Salas has also gathered other Air Force veterans who have written witness affidavits describing their own alleged encounters years ago. He claimed that UFOs appeared at different times and put 20 Minuteman ICBMs off-line at different sites.
Schindele, on the other hand, shared that he and his commander visited a missile launch site near Minot in September 1966, and he was told that 10 missiles at silos in the area suffered guidance and control malfunctions when an 80- to 100-foot wide UFO with bright flashing lights lingered over the site.
Salas, who was a first lieutenant stationed at Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana, in 1967, said he was working as a deputy missile combat crew commander in the underground nuclear missile control room when a flight security controller called in a panicky manner after seeing a large glowing, pulsating red oval-shaped object linger at the front gate.
Robert Jacobs, who graced the conference via video link from Missouri, said he was an Air Force first lieutenant based at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, in 1964 when he set up a telescope video camera to catch an Atlas rocket test.
Jacobs said the video showed a disc-shaped object flying over the dummy warhead as it soared over the Pacific Ocean, circled it and shot it down with beams of light.
He said the film footage was cut and taken by men in gray suits. His commander ordered him not to say anything about it but Jacobs offered the story to media and it was eventually sold to the National Enquirer tabloid.
Graves, in an interview with Bill Whitaker, said that his F/A-18F Super Hornet squadron spotted UFOs southeast of Virginia Beach in 2014. The squadron, which has upgraded radar, zeroed in with infrared cameras on the UFOs.
Another encounter that his squadron recorded on video was a UFO hovering over Jacksonville, Florida in 2015. Graves, who worked for the Navy for more than a decade, confirmed that his squadron regularly spotted UFOs every day for at least a couple of years.
UFOs are a threat to national security
The retired lieutenant believes that UFOs are a threat to national security but agrees that they might be something else. He cited that other pilots think UFOs were one of three things, namely a secret American technology, an enemy’s spy plane or something out of this world.
“I would say the highest probability is it’s a threat observation program,” Graves said, adding that UFOs could either be a Chinese or Russian technology.
“If these were tactical jets from another country that were hanging out up there, it would be a massive issue. But because it looks slightly different, we’re not willing to actually look at the problem in the face. We’re happy to just ignore the fact that these are out there, watching us every day,” he added when asked whether he is worried about the presence of UFOs in restricted U.S. airspace.
The Department of Defense already has a special unit known as the Unidentified Aerial Phenomenon Task Force that is dedicated to UFO research. It was established in August last year to gain understanding into the origins and nature of UAP, which is the preferred term for UFOs given by the Pentagon.
The task force replaced the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP), which secretly existed from 2007 to 2012. The AATIP’s existence was never known to the public until the New York Times wrote about it in 2017.
UFOs are real and they do exist
Luis Elizondo, who led the AATIP in its final two years, confirmed that UFOs are real and the government itself said that they do exist. He added that unanswered questions still remain like what are UFOs and what are their intentions and capabilities. The former AATIP head noted that some sightings remain unexplained.
According to Elizondo, some of the UFOs could perform extraordinary feats.
“Imagine a technology that can do 6-to-700 g-forces, that can fly at 13,000 miles an hour, that can evade radar and that can fly through air and water and possibly space,” noted Elizondo, who added that the UFOs had no propulsion engine yet were able to defy gravity.
The Pentagon did not take his findings seriously, Elizondo said. He decided to quit out of frustration in 2017 and one of his last achievements was declassifying three UAP videos that the Pentagon made public last year.
The videos were leaked to the New York Times by Christopher Mellon, a former Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Intelligence under former Presidents Bill Clinton and George W. Bush.
Elizondo said he was troubled that the government was doing nothing about UAPs. “It’s bizarre and unfortunate that someone like myself has to do something like that to get a national security issue like this on the agenda,” Elizondo stressed.
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Air Force Veterans Speak Up About Their Alien Craft Encounters
Air Force Veterans Speak Up About Their Alien Craft Encounters
Four aging Air Force veterans on Tuesday, Dec. 7, finally spoke about their strange and extraordinary encounters with unidentified flying objects (UFO) during a conference held in Washington, D.C.
Three of the Air Force veterans personally appeared in the hearing while a fourth one was brought into the National Press Club conference via video feed from the Ozark Mountains in Missouri.
The story of each veteran was different but they share one important claim: UFOs tampered with Air Force nuclear weapons in the 1960s, which both terrified and mystified the airmen and made them remain silent for decades. (Related: Former US military officer claims UFOs shut down nuclear missiles.)
Also capturing the attention of Washington were the reports of Navy encounters with unknown flying objects or unexplained aerial phenomena (UAP) that have made national headlines and put UFOs back into political attention for the first time in years.
“I waited 40 years before I opened my mouth, and that’s a long time,” said David Schindele, a retired captain who worked as a nuclear missile launch control officer at Minot Air Force Base in North Dakota. “I had this terrible secret on my mind for all that time, and I felt such great relief to finally admit to my friends and close relatives what I experienced in the Air Force.”
Veteran Robert Salas told his story about a glowing red-orange craft that hovered at a Minuteman intercontinental ballistic missile silo in Montana and his account has been told for decades and has become a part of the growing UFO lore.
Through the years, the government has remained aloof to reports of UFOs flirting with the most powerful arms during the Cold War. But a different Capitol heard the stories of Salas and his fellow veterans this year.
The group claimed that UFOs have appeared since the 1960s and they’re backed up by the current accounts of Navy witnesses and fighter jet footage of UAP.
Salas has also gathered other Air Force veterans who have written witness affidavits describing their own alleged encounters years ago. He claimed that UFOs appeared at different times and put 20 Minuteman ICBMs off-line at different sites.
Schindele, on the other hand, shared that he and his commander visited a missile launch site near Minot in September 1966, and he was told that 10 missiles at silos in the area suffered guidance and control malfunctions when an 80- to 100-foot wide UFO with bright flashing lights lingered over the site.
Salas, who was a first lieutenant stationed at Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana, in 1967, said he was working as a deputy missile combat crew commander in the underground nuclear missile control room when a flight security controller called in a panicky manner after seeing a large glowing, pulsating red oval-shaped object linger at the front gate.
Robert Jacobs, who graced the conference via video link from Missouri, said he was an Air Force first lieutenant based at Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, in 1964 when he set up a telescope video camera to catch an Atlas rocket test.
Jacobs said the video showed a disc-shaped object flying over the dummy warhead as it soared over the Pacific Ocean, circled it and shot it down with beams of light.
He said the film footage was cut and taken by men in gray suits. His commander ordered him not to say anything about it but Jacobs offered the story to media and it was eventually sold to the National Enquirer tabloid.
Graves, in an interview with Bill Whitaker, said that his F/A-18F Super Hornet squadron spotted UFOs southeast of Virginia Beach in 2014. The squadron, which has upgraded radar, zeroed in with infrared cameras on the UFOs.
Another encounter that his squadron recorded on video was a UFO hovering over Jacksonville, Florida in 2015. Graves, who worked for the Navy for more than a decade, confirmed that his squadron regularly spotted UFOs every day for at least a couple of years. note: The above image is CGI.
Hubble Sees Red Supergiant Star Betelgeuse Recovering After Never-Seen-Before Titanic Eruption
Hubble Sees Red Supergiant Star Betelgeuse Recovering After Never-Seen-Before Titanic Eruption
This graphic illustrates how the southern region of the rapidly evolving, bright, red supergiant star Betelgeuse may have suddenly become fainter for several months during late 2019 and early 2020.
Credit: NASA, ESA, and E. Wheatley (STScI)
Monster Star Had Never-Seen-Before Titanic Eruption
Betelgeuse, a red supergiant star, appears as a brilliant, ruby-red, twinkling spot of light in the upper right shoulder of the winter constellation Orion the Hunter. However, when viewed close up, astronomers know that it is a seething monster with a 400-day-long heartbeat of regular pulsations. This aging star is classified as a supergiant because it has swelled up to an astonishing diameter of approximately 1 billion miles. If placed at the center of our solar system it would reach out to the orbit of Jupiter.
The star’s ultimate fate is to explode as a supernova. When that eventually happens it will be briefly visible in the daytime sky from Earth. But there are a lot of fireworks going on now before the final detonation. Astronomers using Hubble and other telescopes have deduced that the star blew off a huge piece of its visible surface in 2019. This has never before been seen on a star. Our petulant Sun routinely goes through mass ejections of its outer atmosphere, the corona. But those events are orders of magnitude weaker than what was seen on Betelgeuse.
The first clue came when the star mysteriously darkened in late 2019. An immense cloud of obscuring dust formed from the ejected surface as it cooled. Astronomers have now pieced together a scenario for the upheaval. And the star is still slowly recovering; the photosphere is rebuilding itself. And the interior is reverberating like a bell that has been hit with a sledgehammer, disrupting the star’s normal cycle. This doesn’t mean the monster star is going to explode any time soon, but the late-life convulsions may continue to amaze astronomers.
This illustration plots changes in the brightness of the red supergiant star Betelgeuse, following the titanic mass ejection of a large piece of its visible surface. The escaping material cooled to form a cloud of dust that temporarily made the star look dimmer, as seen from Earth. This unprecedented stellar convulsion disrupted the monster star’s 400-day-long oscillation period that astronomers had measured for more than 200 years. The interior may now be jiggling like a plate of gelatin dessert.
Credit: NASA, ESA, Elizabeth Wheatley (STScI)
Hubble Sees Red Supergiant Star Betelgeuse Slowly Recovering After Blowing Its Top
After analyzing data from NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope and several other observatories, astronomers have concluded that the bright red supergiant star Betelgeuse quite literally blew its top in 2019, losing a substantial part of its visible surface and producing a gigantic Surface Mass Ejection (SME). This is something never before seen in a normal star’s behavior.
Our Sun routinely blows off parts of its tenuous outer atmosphere, the corona, in an event known as a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME). However, the Betelgeuse SME blasted off 400 billion times as much mass as a typical CME!
The monster star is still slowly recovering from this catastrophic upheaval. “Betelgeuse continues doing some very unusual things right now; the interior is sort of bouncing,” said Andrea Dupree of the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
These new observations yield clues as to how red stars lose mass late in their lives as their nuclear fusion furnaces burn out, before exploding as supernovae. The amount of mass loss significantly affects their fate. However, Betelgeuse’s surprisingly petulant behavior is not evidence the star is about to blow up anytime soon. So the mass-loss event is not necessarily the signal of an imminent explosion.
Dupree is now pulling together all the puzzle pieces of the star’s petulant behavior before, after, and during the eruption into a coherent story of a never-before-seen titanic convulsion in an aging star.
This includes new spectroscopic and imaging data from the STELLA robotic observatory, the Fred L. Whipple Observatory’s Tillinghast Reflector Echelle Spectrograph (TRES), NASA’s Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory spacecraft (STEREO-A), NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope, and the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO). Dupree emphasizes that the Hubble data was pivotal to helping sort out the mystery.
“We’ve never before seen a huge mass ejection of the surface of a star. We are left with something going on that we don’t completely understand. It’s a totally new phenomenon that we can observe directly and resolve surface details with Hubble. We’re watching stellar evolution in real-time.”
The titanic outburst in 2019 was possibly caused by a convective plume, more than a million miles across, bubbling up from deep inside the star. It produced shocks and pulsations that blasted off the chunk of the photosphere leaving the star with a large cool surface area under the dust cloud that was produced by the cooling piece of photosphere. Betelgeuse is now struggling to recover from this injury.
Weighing roughly several times as much as our Moon, the fractured piece of photosphere sped off into space and cooled to form a dust cloud that blocked light from the star as seen by Earth observers. The dimming, which began in late 2019 and lasted for a few months, was easily noticeable even by backyard observers watching the star change brightness. One of the brightest stars in the sky, Betelgeuse is easily found in the right shoulder of the constellation Orion.
Even more incredible, the supergiant’s 400-day pulsation rate is now gone, perhaps at least temporarily. For almost 200 years astronomers have measured this rhythm as evident in changes in Betelgeuse’s brightness variations and surface motions. Its disruption attests to the ferocity of the blowout.
The star’s interior convection cells, which drive the regular pulsation may be sloshing around like an imbalanced washing machine tub, Dupree suggests. TRES and Hubble spectra imply that the outer layers may be back to normal, but the surface is still bouncing like a plate of gelatin dessert as the photosphere rebuilds itself.
Though our Sun has coronal mass ejections that blow off small pieces of the outer atmosphere, astronomers have never witnessed such a large amount of a star’s visible surface get blasted into space. Therefore, surface mass ejections and coronal mass ejections may be different events.
Betelgeuse is now so huge now that if it replaced the Sun at the center of our solar system, its outer surface would extend past the orbit of Jupiter. Dupree used Hubble to resolve hot spots on the star’s surface in 1996. This was the first direct image of a star other than the Sun.
NASA’s Webb Space Telescope may be able to detect the ejected material in infrared light as it continues moving away from the star.
The Hubble Space Telescope is a project of international cooperation between NASA and ESA (European Space Agency). NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, manages the telescope. The Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore, Maryland, conducts Hubble science operations. STScI is operated for NASA by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, in Washington, D.C.
Never seen before; gigantic surface mass ejection SME on red supergiant star Betelgeuse
Never seen before; gigantic surface mass ejection SME on red supergiant star Betelgeuse
Analyzing data from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope and several other observatories, astronomers have concluded that the bright red supergiant star Betelgeuse quite literally blew its top in 2019, losing a substantial part of its visible surface and producing a gigantic Surface Mass Ejection (SME). This is something never before seen in a normal star's behavior.
Our Sun routinely blows off parts of its tenuous outer atmosphere, the corona, in an event known as a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME). But the Betelgeuse SME blasted off 400 billion times as much mass as a typical CME!
The monster star is still slowly recovering from this catastrophic upheaval. "Betelgeuse continues doing some very unusual things right now; the interior is sort of bouncing," said Andrea Dupree of the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
These new observations yield clues as to how red stars lose mass late in their lives as their nuclear fusion furnaces burn out, before exploding as supernovae. The amount of mass loss significantly affects their fate. However, Betelgeuse's surprisingly petulant behavior is not evidence the star is about to blow up anytime soon. So the mass loss event is not necessarily the signal of an imminent explosion.
Dupree is now pulling together all the puzzle pieces of the star's petulant behavior before, after, and during the eruption into a coherent story of a never-before-seen titanic convulsion in an aging star.
UFO Investigators Ben Hansen and Melissa Tittl are investigating reports of black triangles terrorizing the residents of Las Vegas, Nevada. After being sent a video of a recent daytime sighting, they decide to investigate this new threat. 20 miles outside of Vegas, Ben and Melissa meet up with Shawn Kevin Jason, who describes voices calling him to Area 51. While in his car, a terrifying black triangular craft hovered just 20 feet above him on the highway.
Former federal agent Ben Hansen is on a mission to uncover the truth behind UFO sightings across America. With unprecedented access to the archives of the late Dr. J. Allen Hynek, chief scientific adviser of Project Blue Book, Ben unlocks the secrets of the past to shed light on today’s UFO encounters.
A big revelation in the 1990 Calvine UFO incident has recently happened. The most awaited UFO photo that was set to be released on January 1, 2072, was somehow found and released by UAP Media UK. This new discovery is a shock to those who always bring skepticism to the field of UFOlogy. Vinnie Adams of the UAP Media UK disclosed that his team not only found the original print of the Calvine “UFO,” taken directly from the negatives, but also the original envelope which was sent from the Scottish Daily Record to Craig Lindsay who was the MOD Press Officer that dealt with the case at the time.
Brief Information About Calvine UFO Photo
There are many videos and photographs of UFOs on the Internet, and some of them have credibility. But there is one photograph sent to the UK defense ministry, the MoD, which is considered to be the most spectacular UFO photo although somehow, it has disappeared. The photograph contains a 100-feet diamond-shaped flying saucer, hovering over a village named Calvine in the Scottish Highlands. The photo was taken in 1990.
Nick Pope worked for the British Ministry of Defence (MoD) for 21 years. From 1991 to 1994, he was the head of the MoD’s UFO project. He said that during his time in the MoD, he came across several credible UFO cases. One such case involves the photograph from the Calvine Incident.
The story of how the photograph reached the MoD’s office is phenomenal. Mr. Pope said that when he began his investigation into UFOs in 1991, it led him to a poster, hanging on the wall near his desk. The poster was an enlarged-colored photograph of the UFO from the Calvine Incident.
“The X-Files first aired in the UK in 1994 and I acquired the same nickname (Spooky) as Fox Mulder, for obvious reasons,” Nick said. “Mulder famously had his ‘I want to believe’ UFO poster on his office wall and though uncaptioned, I suppose this was my equivalent.”
Most of the UFO photos are either fake, blurry, or just a small dot in the sky, but this particular photo was clear and taken in broad daylight. According to Mr. Pope, the photograph contained an 80-foot diamond-shaped craft with a military jet in the background.
Two unnamed hikers from the Perthshire region allegedly took the photo of a large UFO while walking near the village of Calvine on August 4, 1990. “The photos were then sent to the Defence Intelligence Staff (DIS) who then sent them on to imagery analysts at JARIC (Joint Air Reconnaissance Intelligence Centre). Yet at the time, the MoD hadn’t even publicly acknowledged that there was any intelligence interest in UFOs at all,” Mr. Pope explained.
Interestingly, the photo disappeared without any trace when the UFO investigators questioned the MoD whether Americans were testing secret prototype aircraft in the area. Mr. Pope asked the US if the craft belonged to them but they refused to admit it.
According to a 30-year rule in the UK, the MoD was supposed to release the secret UFO dossier on January 1, 2021, but the UK government banned the release for another 50 years. This secret file is said to contain the infamous UFO photo from the Calvine incident. Now, it is set to be released on January 1, 2072.
Photo found after 32 years
UAP Media UK is working hard to bring a serious resource to the British media outlets on the discussion of UFOs. One of the members of this project named Vinnie Adams has been working with Dr. David Clarke and a small team of researchers on the Calvine case from 1990 in Scotland for the last 11 months. (Source)
The original Calvine photograph, showing the diamond-shaped craft and a Harrier aircraft in what appears to be close proximity. credit: VINNIE ADAMS From UAP Media UK
This led him to discover an original print of the Calvine “UFO,” taken directly from the negatives that were sent by the witnesses to the Scottish Daily Record back in 1990, just after the event occurred.
He also found the original envelope which was sent from the Scottish Daily Record to Craig Lindsay who was the MOD Press Officer that dealt with the case at the time.
Original envelope which was sent from the Scottish Daily Record to Craig Lindsay who was the MOD Press Officer that dealt with the case at the time. Credit: VINNIE ADAMS
Mr. Adams wrote: “According to the copy of the hand-written sighting report that was released by The National Archives (TNA) in October 2008, the witnesses gave an account of their sighting plus the color photographs to what was the joint RAF/Royal Navy Headquarters at Pitreavie, near Dunfermline (which closed in 1996).”
Nick Pope mentioned the details of the Scottish sighting in his 1996 book “Open Skies, Closed Minds,” which prompted a British Parliamentary Question in July 1996 from Martin Redmond, Former Member of Parliament for Doncaster, about the incident:
“To ask the Secretary of State for Defence what assessment his Department made of the photograph of an unidentified craft at Calvine on 4 August 1990; who removed it from an office in Secretariat (Air Staff) 2a; for what reasons; and if he will make a statement.”
Nicholas Soames, Minister of State for the Armed Forces, gave a written reply to the MP’s question:
“A number of negatives associated with the sighting were examined by staff responsible for air defence matters. Since it was judged they contained nothing of defence significance the negatives were not retained and we have no record of any photographs being taken from them.” (Hansard HC Deb., 24 July 1996, vol.282, col 39248W)
Retired RAF Press Officer Craig Lindsay and Dr. David Clarke. Credit: VINNIE ADAMS
During his involvement in the case, Craig acquired an original print of the elusive photograph. Along with the photo, Craig also kept the original envelope containing the photograph sent by the Daily Record to the MOD.
In May 2022, David interviewed Craig in Scotland and was shown the original print. In June, Craig agreed to donate the photograph to the Sheffield Hallam University Archives, handing it to Dr. Dravid Clarke and Vinnie Adams. The image now resides in its new home at the Sheffield Hallam University folklore archives.
Authenticity of Calvine UFO Photo
Andrew Robinson, a senior lecturer in Photography at Sheffield Hallam University claims the authenticity of the 1990 Scottish highlands UFO photo. In his detailed analysis, he found the image showing no evidence of negative or print-based manipulation, and all visible signs suggest this is a genuine photograph of the scene before the camera. (Source)
Robinson concluded in his study:
1. The photograph is a color print from XP-1 or XP-2 chromogenic Black and White C41 film printed on a standard;
2. It is not possible to identify the object in the center of the frame. However, the evidence present suggests that this object was in front of the camera in the position shown when the photograph was captured;
3. Thus it follows that this is either a genuine unidentified flying object in the sky OR that any construction or manipulation used to create this effect occurred in front of the camera and not in the capturing of the scene on film nor in the subsequent processing and printing of the image;
4. The results of this analysis are consistent with, and support the claimed heritage of the print.
Check the video below by Nick Pope, speaking about how insiders view the Calvine UFO incident
To study the formation of our planet, as well as the overall solar system, and to study the possible source of all the organic matter on Earth, NASA designed a mission called Origins, Spectral Interpretation,
Resource Identification, Security, Regolith Explorer) (OSIRIS-REx). The goal of this mission is to collect material from asteroid 101955 Bennu, which is a carbonaceous near-Earth asteroid. This mission was launched in September 2016, and it met Bennu in December 2018. It took the mission almost two years to study this asteroid from a distance in order to finalize a suitable place to land and collect material.
On October 20, 2020, it finally landed on Bennu to collect material to study its chemical composition. What the probe or the astronomers didn’t know was that this asteroid was not a solid rocky body, but a rubble pile. When the OSIRIS-REx probe landed on its surface, it could have been engulfed by this half-kilometer asteroid, but, thanks to the programmed lift-up which made this probe lift itself up within a few seconds of touchdown with this giant it was saved.
The way this probe was supposed to work was to touch the surface of the asteroid and stay there for 5 seconds while blowing off some nitrogen gas which would lift the material in space to be collected in the collection hopper of the probe. However, in this case, the probe kept sinking into the asteroid (about a half-a meter down) before turning back away from the surface and back into its orbit. The almost choked probe was covered in asteroid material all around, but thankfully, even with this unexpected turn of events, the probe was successful in collecting enough material to bring to the Earth. The blown gas blasted out about 13000 pounds of dust and rock. Astronomers expected only 60 grams of material, but the collection hopper received more than 400 grams. This material will be delivered to Earth in 2023. The rendezvous event and a more detailed explanation of the ultimate scientific goal of this mission was published in the Journal of Science in July 2022.
A potentially better way to make oxygen for astronauts in space using magnetism has been proposed by an international team of scientists, including a University of Warwick chemist.
The conclusion is from new research on magnetic phase separation in microgravity published in npj Microgravity by researchers from the University of Warwick in the United Kingdom, University of Colorado Boulder and Freie Universität Berlin in Germany.
Keeping astronauts breathing aboard the International Space Station and other space vehicles is a complicated and costly process. As humans plan future missions to the Moon or Mars better technology will be needed.
Lead author Álvaro Romero-Calvo, a recent Ph.D. graduate from the University of Colorado Boulder, says that "on the International Space Station, oxygen is generated using an electrolytic cell that splits water into hydrogen and oxygen, but then you have to get those gasses out of the system. A relatively recent analysis from a researcher at NASA Ames concluded that adapting the same architecture on a trip to Mars would have such significant mass and reliability penalties that it wouldn't make any sense to use."
Dr. Katharina Brinkert of the University of Warwick Department of Chemistry and Center for Applied Space Technology and Microgravity (ZARM) in Germany says that "efficient phase separation in reduced gravitational environments is an obstacle for human space exploration and known since the first flights to space in the 1960s. This phenomenon is a particular challenge for the life support system onboard spacecraft and the International Space Station (ISS) as oxygen for the crew is produced in water electrolyzer systems and requires separation from the electrode and liquid electrolyte."
The underlying issue is buoyancy.
Imagine a glass of fizzy soda. On Earth, the bubbles of CO2 quickly float to the top, but in the absence of gravity, those bubbles have nowhere to go. They instead stay suspended in the liquid.
NASA currently uses centrifuges to force the gasses out, but those machines are large and require significant mass, power, and maintenance. Meanwhile, the team has conducted experiments demonstrating magnets could achieve the same results in some cases.
Although diamagnetic forces are well known and understood, their use by engineers in space applications have not been fully explored because gravity makes the technology difficult to demonstrate on Earth.
Enter the Center for Applied Space Technology and Microgravity (ZARM) in Germany. There, Brinkert, who has ongoing research funded by the German Aerospace Center (DLR), led the team in successful experimental tests at a special drop tower facility that simulates microgravity conditions.
Here, the groups have developed a procedure to detach gas bubbles from electrode surfaces in microgravity environments generated for 9.2s at the Bremen Drop Tower. This study demonstrates for the first time gas bubbles can be 'attracted to' and 'repelled from' a simple neodymium magnet in microgravity by immersing it in different types of aqueous solution.
The research could open up new avenues for scientists and engineers developing oxygen systems as well as other space research involving liquid-to-gas phase changes.
Dr. Brinkert says that "these effects have tremendous consequences for the further development of phase separation systems, such as for long-term space missions, suggesting that efficient oxygen and, for example, hydrogen production in water (photo-)electrolyzer systems can be achieved even in the near-absence of the buoyant-force."
Professor Hanspeter Schaub of University of Colorado Boulder says that "after years of analytical and computational research, being able to use this amazing drop tower in Germany provided concrete proof that this concept will function in the zero-g space environment."
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
