Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 13 YEARS AND 2 MONTH.
ON 06/08/2024 MORE THAN 2.161.100
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
01-10-2022
Orbs Over Trees Near Cliffs, Teignmouth, UK 6-16-2022 Video, UFO Sighting News.
Orbs Over Trees Near Cliffs, Teignmouth, UK 6-16-2022 Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: 6-16-2022
Location of sighting: Teignmouth, Devon, UK
This just in. An eyewitness just reported two UFO orbs they saw while fishing at the mouth of the Estuary facing the sea in the UK. The lights came within 500 feet of the eyewitnesses and pulsated with different colors. They moved from the cliffs to the sea...only to disappear out in the ocean. I believe they dived below the surface to return to an underwater base off the ocean side of Teignmouth.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Eyewitness states:
Me and a friend were fishing in the evening on June 16th, in Teignmouth just on the mouth of the estuary facing out at sea, when we both Spotted some bright lights in the sky that looked about 500 ft away from us. They made no sound at all. They were pulsating different colours and hovering through the air very slowly. They moved from the cliff side near the trees, south facing towards the pier side south east facing. The lights were reflecting off the sea water and the 2 orb like objects started to separate and move closer towards each other. It lasted about 2-3 minutes and soon both objects disappeared into the dark.
Disk-shaped alien craft at the bottom of a crater on Pluto?
Disk-shaped alien craft at the bottom of a crater on Pluto?
A high-resolution image of Pluto taken in 2015 by New Horizons Long-Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI) in “ride-along” mode with the LEISA spectrometer shows a region called 'the dark, forbidding region informally known as Cthulhu Regio, and the mysterious, possibly cryovolcanic edifice Wright Mons.'
Among the many notable details, is a saucer-shaped object with on top a cylindrical tube located at the bottom of a crater.
It doesn't appear to have formed naturally, suggesting that the circular object could be the top of an extraterrestrial base built inside the crater or... maybe it's a parked disk-shaped alien craft?
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:Ruins, strange artifacts on other planets, moons, ed ( Fr, EN, NL )
Congress claims that aliens are responsible for UFOs
Congress claims that aliens are responsible for UFOs
Clear and precise definitions are crucial in Congress, where legislation is produced, discussed, and passed. Recently, politicians dramatically changed the definition of “UFO” in response to military aircrews encountering UFOs more frequently. The provocative suggestion that certain UFOs may not have human origins is crucial among them.
A draft law overwhelmingly passed by the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence renames UFOs as “unidentified aerospace-undersea phenomena,” as was initially reported by researcher Douglas Johnson. The scope of a powerful new office charged by Congress with examining UFOs is dramatically widened by expanding the term to encompass objects in space and beneath the oceans.
According to MPs, “transmedium” objects that “transition among space and the atmosphere, or between the atmosphere and waterbodies,” are now included in the amended definition of “UFO.”
Members of a significant body focusing on national security say that unidentified objects are showing astonishingly high technology by flitting between space, air, and water. The “transmedium dangers to U. S. national security are rising rapidly,” according to a study that accompanies the legislation.
It is difficult to accept that legislators would incorporate such remarkable language in public legislation absent strong justification. Members may have access to the top-secret sensor data that led the former director of national intelligence for President Trump to claim that UFOs use “technology that we don’t have and that we are not able to fight against.”
Most startlingly, “man-made” objects are not included in Congress’s revised definition of “UFO.”
Most UFO reports during the past seven decades have involved “man-made” items, including mistaken planes, balloons, satellites, or drones. However, “man-made” objects “should not be classified under the category as unexplained aerospace-undersea phenomena,” according to Congress.
Additionally, according to a legislative instruction, any objects the new UFO office identifies “as man-made” will be sent to the proper offices of the [Department of Defense and Intelligence Community] for additional investigation.
In other words, Congress is pressuring the government to concentrate on things that aren’t “man-made.”
Assume that the new UFO office spots a cutting-edge drone operating in a restricted area of the sky. According to the proposed legislation, the UFO office must immediately cease its investigation and turn the matter over to another government agency, regardless of whether the drone is Chinese, Russian, or from anywhere else.
This shows that there is a unanimity and bipartisan agreement among members of the Senate Intelligence Committee that certain UFOs are not made by humans. After all, Congress would not have established and given authority to a powerful new office to investigate non-“man-made” UFOs.
Make no mistake, the suggestion that UFOs may not have originated from humans by a part of the American government is a dangerous development.
Additionally, it is a part of a striking shift in government perceptions about UFOs.
Many high-ranking government officials thought that UFOs originated from “interplanetary” systems in the late 1940s and early 1950s. However, a string of inexplicable meetings in the summer of 1952 gave rise to concerns about Cold War national security among the military and intelligence services. As a response, the American government launched a drive to “debunk” and refute all UFO reports, regardless of how reliable they were. Officials ridiculed any claims that UFOs originated from other planets for many years.
NASA administrator Bill Nelson has asserted in conversations and interviews that UFOs seen by military aircrews in recent years may have extraterrestrial origins.
Avril Haines, director of national intelligence and America’s top spy, has not ruled out the possibility that UFOs had alien origins, despite the fact that Top Gun-trained pilots continue to believe they saw things that were “not of this world.”
In addition, when asked about UFOs, former President Clinton automatically brings up the high probability of extraterrestrial life existing in the cosmos. When questioned about recent military UFO sightings, former President Obama freely hypothesized about contact with alien species.
When the issue of “UFOs” was brought up, both Clinton and Obama assumed a somber, matter-of-fact approach after the normal chuckles and smirks subsided. A television audience was chastised by Clinton in particular for laughing when a broadcaster quizzed him on UFOs. It is noteworthy that previous presidents still receive the most exclusive intelligence briefings from the government.
Unsurprisingly, this amazing change in perceptions about UFOs is encouraging a more extensive and in-depth study of the topic.
For instance, political journalist and comedian Bill Maher recently proposed the theory that UFOs deliberately make themselves known to military pilots.
Don’t forget to follow us on Twitter for the latest UFO videos & photos.
He could have a point. The well-known 2015 UFO contact off the U.S. East Coast’s geometrically rebuilt flight path shows that the object reacted when a Navy fighter jet tried to sneak up behind it. The movement of the item was significant since it suggested curiosity about the aircrew instead of animosity, who finally “flew right up to the thing.”
A UFO connected to the now-famous 2004 “Tic Tac” episodes showed up on radar precisely where a meeting point that was only known to a select number of pilots and radar operators was located. Ten years later, a UFO was hovering at the precise position and height of the entrance to a military training range when two fighter aircraft almost crashed with it.
To Maher’s point, some UFOs seem to maneuver and position themselves in a way that alerts adjacent military aircrews to their existence.
This conduct is particularly noteworthy given that Congress has openly suggested that UFOs have extraterrestrial origins.
This UFO sighting video was filmed in the sky above Teignmouth, a seaside town, fishing port and civil parish in the English county of Devon on 16th June 2022.
Witness report:
Me and a friend were fishing in the evening on June 16th, in Teignmouth just on the mouth of the estuary facing out at sea, when we both Spotted some bright lights in the sky that looked about 500 ft away from us. They made no sound at all. They were pulsating different colours and hovering through the air very slowly. They moved from the cliff side near the trees, south facing towards the pier side south east facing. The lights were reflecting off the sea water and the 2 orb like objects started to separate and move closer towards each other. It lasted about 2-3 minutes and soon both objects disappeared into the dark.
The Moon was Pummeled by Asteroids at the Same Time the Dinosaurs Died. Coincidence?
The Moon was Pummeled by Asteroids at the Same Time the Dinosaurs Died. Coincidence?
It only takes a quick look at the Moon to see its impact-beaten surface. There are craters everywhere. Some of those impact sites apparently date back to the same time some very large asteroids were whacking Earth. One of them formed Chixculub Crater under the Yucatan Peninsula. That impact set in motion catastrophic events that wiped out much of life on Earth,including the dinosaurs.
Did some of the craters on the Moon form from the same asteroid swarm that impacted Earth and precipitated the demise of the dinosaurs? Chang’e 5 samples from specific craters on the Moon seem to show that this could well have happened.
That’s the conclusion a group of Australian scientists came to after studying glass beads from the Moon. They outlined their findings in a paper about the science they performed on samples picked up from the Moon by the Chang’e 5 Lunar mission. The beads were created by the heat and pressure caused by meteoritic impacts on the Moon. The lead author of the paper, Professor Alexander Nemchin, from Curtin University’s Space Science and Technology Centre (SSTC) in the School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, said the findings imply that the timing and frequency of asteroid impacts on the Moon may have been mirrored on Earth. If so then the find tells us more about the history of the evolution of our own planet.
“We combined a wide range of microscopic analytical techniques, numerical modeling, and geological surveys to determine how these microscopic glass beads from the Moon were formed and when,” Professor Nemchin said. “We found that some of the age groups of the lunar glass beads coincide precisely with the ages of some of the largest terrestrial impact crater events, including the Chicxulub impact crater responsible for the dinosaur extinction event.”
Glass beads collected by the Chang’e 5 mission date back some 66 million years and could have formed from impacts. Courtesy Beijing SHRIMP Center, Institute of Geology, CAGS
Looking at the Earth/Moon Asteroid Bombardment Coincidence
The team looked at the idea that large impacts, such as the Chixculub event, were accompanied by smaller impacts. The event that led to Chixculub’s formation happened about 66 million years ago. If the “big one” aimed at Chixculub had company, then it’s a good idea to look at the Moon, too. The ages and frequencies of impacts on the Moon around the same time might give clues to bombardments on Earth and the other inner solar system planets.
The death of the dinosaurs is one of the most fascinating stories to spring from Earth’s ancient geological history. The story goes (and there’s geological evidence to back it up) that an impact was certainly part of the story. Some 65 million years ago, Earth was basking in the Cretaceous period. Dinosaurs had been roaming the planet for about 165 million years. They still reigned across the globe along with some of the earliest mammals and other forms of life. However, the number of dinosaur species was starting to shrink. At the same time, some pretty severe volcanic eruptions were affecting Earth’s atmosphere and surface.
That Asteroid Likely Had Company
The asteroid that set off the extinction, not just of dinosaurs, but other species, left behind evidence. It’s in the form of a layer of iridium in geological strata around the world. That layer dates back to around 66 million years ago. Asteroids are rich in iridium. Finding it provided “smoking gun” evidence something from space helped hasten the demise of 75 percent of life on Earth way back then. At the same time the Chicxulub impactor hit, something excavated several other craters around the planet. This suggests that multiple impactors—possibly from the same parent asteroid—smacked into Earth, too. So, it’s not a big leap to find evidence of impacts on the Moon from objects in the same asteroid swarm.
Co-author Associate Professor Katarina Miljkovic, also from Curtin’s SSTC, said future comparative studies of the lunar samples could also add to our store of knowledge about the Moon’s geological history. “The next step would be to compare the data gleaned from these Chang’e-5 samples with other lunar soils and crater ages to be able to uncover other significant Moon-wide impact events which might, in turn, reveal new evidence about what impacts may have affected life on Earth,” she said.
So, the death of the dinosaurs and the mysterious glass beads are likely related. They both speak to a larger bombardment event that involved both Earth and the Moon.
A Computer Algorithm is 88% Accurate in Finding Gravitational Lenses
A Computer Algorithm is 88% Accurate in Finding Gravitational Lenses
Astronomers have been assessing a new machine learning algorithm to determine how reliable it is for finding gravitational lenses hidden in images from all sky surveys. This type of AI was used to find about 5,000 potential gravitational lenses, which needed to be confirmed. Using spectroscopy for confirmation, the international team has now determined the technique has a whopping 88% success rate, which means this new tool could be used to find thousands more of these magical quirks of physics.
“These lenses are very small so if you have fuzzy images, you’re not going to really be able to detect them,” said Dr. Kim-Vy Tran, from the ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3-Dimensions (ASTRO3D) and the University of NSW (UNSW), who led the study. “Our spectroscopy allowed us to map a 3D picture of the gravitational lenses to show they are genuine and not merely chance superposition.”
Pictures of gravitational lenses from the AGEL survey. The pictures are centred on the foreground galaxy and include the object name. Each panel includes the confirmed distance to the foreground galaxy (zdef) and distant background galaxy (zsrc).Credit: ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3-Dimensions (ASTRO3D) and the University of NSW (UNSW).
Scientists say that gravitational lenses could transform our ability to chart the evolution of galaxies since the Big Bang. This type of lensing occurs when light from a distant object is distorted by a closer massive object along the same line of sight. This distortion effectively creates a giant lens which magnifies the background light source, allowing astronomers to observe objects embedded within those lens-created arcs and rings that are otherwise be too far and too dim to see.
Gravitational lenses are a great tool for astronomy. Not only do gravitational lenses reveal distant objects like galaxies, but it can also provide information about how far away these galaxies are. Additionally, analyzing the nature of gravitational lensing patterns tells astronomers about the way dark matter is distributed within galaxies. It also provides a way to investigate both the development of structure in the universe and the expansion of the universe.
Tran and colleagues assessed 77 of the 5,000 candidate lenses using the Keck Observatory in Hawai’i and Very Large Telescope in Chile. They confirmed that 68 out of the 77 are strong gravitational lenses spanning vast cosmic distances. This suggests that the algorithm is reliable enough to find thousands of new gravitational lenses. To date, gravitational lenses have been hard to find and only about a hundred are routinely used.
“Never did we dream that the success rate would be so high,” said professor Karl Glazebrook from Swinburne, and co-Science Lead on the paper, in a press release. “Now we are getting images of these lenses with the Hubble Space Telescope, they range from jaw-droopingly beautiful to extremely strange images that will take us considerable effort to figure out.”
The work is part of the ASTRO 3D Galaxy Evolution with Lenses (AGEL) survey. Tran said their goal now with AGEL is to spectroscopically confirm around 100 strong gravitational lenses that can be observed from both the northern and southern hemispheres throughout the year.
UFO Chases Thunderbirds at Skyfest Airshow at Fairchild AFB, May 15, 2022, Video, Washington, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Chases Thunderbirds at Skyfest Airshow at Fairchild AFB, May 15, 2022, Video, Washington, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: May 15, 2022
Location of sighting: Fairchild AFB, Washington, USA
Watch this fantastic recording of a UFO that not only noticed some Thunderbird jets performing for the audience below, but also decided to participate itself and show how much faster these UFOs are compared to the jets. The UFO is seen flying towards the jets from the distance and then it flys alongside them, only to suddenly pass them and move out ahead of them. I am sure the pilots must have seen this object shooting around. Its impossible for a pilot not to notice something like this shooting around them. The alien pilot of this UFO clearly does have an ego and was catering to it today.
Micro ET Drone Caught While Flying Drone Over Area In UK, Sept 9, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Micro ET Drone Caught While Flying Drone Over Area In UK, Sept 9, 2022, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Sept 9, 2022 Location of sighting: UK
Watch this drone footage as it catches a micro UFO shooting below it. The UFO is small, however size matters little when alien tech is involved. Alien drones can be any size, even so small they can swim in a persons bloodstream. Anyone who doubts such things clearly is new in the area of UFO research. This is rare and fantastic proof that aliens are highly interested in all flying tech...even our drones.
Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Eyewitness states:
This is a remote place in the Lake District as there was me & one other person there flying drones, at that time I was the only one flying a Drone so you can rule out that it was not a drone flying passed. I can say that it looked like a metal type of material with sharp edges as you can see in the video. Filmed this with my Mavic Air 2 Drone. Filmed & edited by Exploring with Eden Valley Drones. Drone & landscape photography filmed in the UK.
Watch NASA's DART spacecraft smashes into asteroid Dimorphos
Watch NASA's DART spacecraft smashes into asteroid Dimorphos
On Sept. 26, 2022, at 7:14 pm EDT, DART intentionally crashed into Dimorphos, the asteroid moonlet in the double-asteroid system of Didymos. It was the world’s first test of the kinetic impact mitigation technique, using a spacecraft to deflect an asteroid that poses no threat to Earth, and modifying the object’s orbit. DART is a test for defending Earth against potential asteroid or comet hazards.
See the final moments of the spacecraft's existence. NASA's DART spacecraft slams into 'moonlet' in asteroid system.
NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test spacecraft beamed back its final moments before colliding with the asteroid Dimorphos in an attempt to change its orbit.
The dramatic impact expelled a cloud of dust and turned the asteroid into a type of comet. First Images from Italian Space Agency’s LICIACube Satellite mage captured by the Italian Space Agency’s LICIACube a few minutes after the intentional collision of NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission with its target asteroid, Dimorphos.
NASA's Hubble and James Webb space telescopes captured imagery of the aftermath from impact.
Amazing that NASA is able to crash a small spacecraft into a "space rock" which is just only 170 meters (560 ft) in diameter and 10.6 million km (6.6 million miles) from Earth as a test for defending Earth against potential asteroid or comet hazards or... a test for defending Earth against potential alien spaceships that may approach Earth in the near future?
UFO sighting filmed from a plane over Los Angeles, CA 19-Sep-2022
UFO sighting filmed from a plane over Los Angeles, CA 19-Sep-2022
Check out this interesting UFO footage that was filmed from a plane over Los Angeles in California on 19th September 2022.
Witness report:
Flying fro Houston to Los Angeles, California. While approaching LA (before cabin lights were turned on), I noticed two stacked red cubes, one on top the other, as I sat on the left side of plane in the window seat row 8. Nose of the plane pointing Towards the ocean. Thinking they were helicopters I did not pay much more attention to them. I did however think they were helicopters heading south/ southwest. Like I said, I did not think to much of it. The announcement came over the intercom saying we’re we’re preparing to land and the cabin lights came on. Looking out the window again I notice the lights again. Still bright red and still stacked. But this time I noticed they were still in the same spot! Very curious now, I begin to rub on the window to make sure it was not an optical allusion. I also looked at it through upper , lower, left and right sides of the window to be sure that the double window pane was not causing an optical allusion. At this point we’re about 20 minutes from landing so I decided to begin Video with my I phone. In the video I try to zoom in and out, trying to get the best picture but the cabin light causes problems as you will see in the first couple of minutes but last few seconds I captured the stacked two bright red cubes morphed into one bright red circular ball(I thought I saw yellow in there as well). At this point I was amazed to se it fade into nothing. IT JUST DISAPPEARED!
Creatures of the Land, Sea and Heavens: Ancient Beliefs in Animal Counterparts
Creatures of the Land, Sea and Heavens: Ancient Beliefs in Animal Counterparts
Until the Age of Enlightenment, it was widely believed that every land creature had its counterpart in the sea (and perhaps even in the heavens). The classic example of this belief is the horse, which in the sea is a seahorse and in the heavens is Pegasus. This debate was waged by some of history’s intellectual heavy weights including Pliny the Elder, Saint Augustine of Hippo, and Sir Thomas Brown. There are even said to be allusions to the issue in the Biblical Book of Job. The belief in marine counterparts on land transcended the religious divisions and was shared by pagans, Christians, and Muslims alike. Unfortunately, such unity of thought was proven to be quite wrong upon a careful examination of the world’s animal and marine life.
The belief that land animals had counterparts in the sea has long been common among the laity. The first person to really articulate the logic of this notion was Pliny the Elder (23 AD – 79 AD) in his encyclopedic Natural History, written in 77 AD. In Book IX (out of 37) Pliny discusses the Natural History of Fishes. In the opening chapter he writes:
“These seeds and first principles of being are so utterly conglomerated and so involved, the one with the other, from being whirled to and fro, now by the action of the winds and now by the waves. Hence it is that the vulgar notion may very possibly be true, that whatever is produced in any other department of Nature, is to be found in the sea as well; while, at the same time, many other productions are there to be found which nowhere else exist. That there are to be found in the sea the forms, not only of terrestrial animals, but of inanimate objects even, is easily to be understood by all who will take the trouble to examine the grape-fish, the sword-fish, the sawfish, and the cucumber-fish, which last so strongly resembles the real cucumber both in color and in smell. We shall find the less reason than to be surprised to find that in so small an object as a shell-fish the head of the horse is to be seen protruding from the shell.”
Pliny the Elder, as imagined by a 19th-century artist.
Pliny’s writings doubtless inspired the unknown author of Physiologus, a didactic Christian text written in 2nd century AD Alexandria. This beautifully illustrated book was one of the most copied manuscripts in Medieval Europe. In it, the author describes various animals, birds, and fish and also gives the moral function of each. Some, such as the Phoenix and Pelican, are good and represent Jesus.
Others, such as the Fox and the Whale, are evil and represent the devil. The allegories for the Fox and the Whale are as follows:
“The fox represents the devil, who pretends to be dead to those who retain their worldly ways, and only reveals himself when he has them in his jaws. To those with perfect faith, the devil is truly dead.” (The Medieval Bestiary, 2011)
These descriptions contributed to the popular science of bestiary in the Middle Ages. The trend supported the superstition that animals on land and sea were paired. If anyone needed further proof, they would be directed to this passage from the Book of Job, which was believed to reveal God’s divine will in designing symmetry among his creations: But ask the animals, and they will teach you; the birds of the air, and they will tell you; ask the plants of the earth, and they will teach you; and the fish of the sea will declare to you. Who among all these does not know that the hand of the Lord has done this? In his hand is the life of every living thing and the breath of every human being.”(Job
Sir Thomas Browne, a British naturalist writing in the 17th century, put an end to the matter in the short but scathing Chapter 24 of his Pseudodoxia Epidemica or Enquiries into very many received tenets and commonly presumed truths, also known simply as Pseudodoxia Epidemica or Vulgar Errors. Browne writes:
“That all Animals of the Land, are in their kind in the Sea, although received as a principle, is a tenet very questionable, and will admit of restraint. For some in the Sea are not to be matched by any enquiry at Land, and hold those shapes which terrestrial forms approach not; as may be observed in the Moon fish, or Orthragoriscus, the several sorts of Rays, Torpedos, Oysters, and many more, and some there are in the Land which were never maintained to be in the Sea, as Panthers, Hyenas, Camels, Sheep, Molls, and others … And therefore, although it be not denied that some in the water do carry a justifiable resemblance to some at Land, yet are the major part which bear their names unlike; nor do they otherwise resemble the creatures on earth, then they on earth the constellations which pass under animal names in heaven: nor the Dog-fish at Sea much more make out the Dog of the Land, then that his cognominal or name-sake in the heavens.”(Browne, 1672)
Title-page of 1658 4th edition of Pseudodoxia Epidemica. ( CC BY-SA 3.0 )
Today, there is little doubt that land and sea animals are distinct. This reflects the progress the natural sciences have made over the last 2000 years.
Top image: Secrets de l'histoire naturelle ( Public Domain )
Browne, Thomas. "Browne's Vulgar Errors III.xxiv: Animals, Land and Sea." Browne's Vulgar Errors. James Eason at the University of Chicago, 1672. Web. 13 Dec. 2016. http://penelope.uchicago.edu/pseudodoxia/pseudo324.html
Astronomers have been poring over early data from the James Webb Space Telescope.
Credit: Nolan Zunk/University of Texas at Austin
Astronomers have been so keen to use the new James Webb Space Telescope that some have got a little ahead of themselves. Many started analysing Webb data right after the first batch was released, on 14 July, and quickly posted their results on preprint servers — but are now having to revise them. The telescope’s detectors had not been calibrated thoroughly when the first data were made available, and that fact slipped past some astronomers in their excitement.
The revisions don’t so far appear to substantially change many of the exciting early results, such as the discovery of a number of candidates for the most distant galaxy ever spotted. But the ongoing calibration process is forcing astronomers to reckon with the limitations of early data from Webb.
Figuring out how to redo the work is “thorny and annoying”, says Marco Castellano, an astronomer at the Italian National Institute of Astrophysics in Rome. “There’s been a lot of frustration,” says Garth Illingworth, an astronomer at the University of California, Santa Cruz. “I don’t think anybody really expected this to be as big of an issue as it’s becoming,” adds Guido Roberts-Borsani, an astronomer at the University of California, Los Angeles.
Calibration is particularly challenging for projects that require precise measurements of the brightness of astronomical objects, such as faint, faraway galaxies. For several weeks, some astronomers have been cobbling together workarounds so that they can continue their analyses1. The next official round of updates to Webb’s calibrations are expected in the coming weeks from the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore, Maryland, which operates the telescope. Those updates should shrink the error bars on the telescope’s calibrations from the tens of percentage points that have been bedevilling astronomers in some areas, down to just a few percentage points. And data accuracy will continue to improve as calibration efforts proceed over the coming months.
This is the first scientific image released from the Webb telescope publicly, on 11 July, showing a deep-field look at the sky that includes a number of distant galaxies.
Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI
The STScI made it clear that the initial calibrations to the telescope were rough, says Jane Rigby, operations project scientist for Webb at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. Much of the issue stems from the fact that Webb, which launched in December 2021, is a new telescope whose details are still being worked out. “It’s been a long time since the community has had a brand-new telescope in space — a big one with these amazingly transformative powers,” Rigby says.
“We knew it wasn’t going to be perfect right out of the box,” says Martha Boyer, an astronomer at the STScI who is helping to lead the calibration efforts2.
Calibration controversy
All telescopes need to be calibrated. This is usually done by observing a well-understood star such as Vega, a prominent star in the night sky. Astronomers look at the data being collected by the telescope’s various instruments — such as the brightness of the star in different wavelengths of light — and compare them with measurements of the same star from other telescopes and of laboratory standards.
Working with Webb data involves several types of calibration, but the current controversy is around one of the telescope’s main instruments, its Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam). In the six months after Webb launched, STScI researchers worked to calibrate NIRCam. But given the demands on Webb, they had only enough time to point it at one or two calibration stars, and to take data using just one of NIRCam’s ten detectors. They then estimated the calibrations for the other nine detectors. “That’s where there was a problem,” Boyer says. “Each detector will be a little bit different.”
Within days of the first Webb data release, non-peer-reviewed papers began appearing on the arXiv preprint server, reporting multiple candidates for the most distant galaxy ever recorded. These studies relied on the brightness of distant objects, measured with Webb at various wavelengths. Then, on 29 July, the STScI released an updated set of calibrations that were substantially different from what astronomers had been working with.
“This caused a little bit of panic,” says Nathan Adams, an astronomer at the University of Manchester, UK, who, along with his colleagues, pointed out the problem in a 9 August update to a preprint they had posted in late July3. “For those including myself who had written a paper within the first two weeks, it was a bit of — ‘Oh no, is everything that we’ve done wrong, does it all need to go in the bin?’”
A young observatory
To try to standardize all the measurements, the STScI is working through a detailed plan to point Webb at several types of well-understood star, and observe them with every detector in every mode for every instrument on the telescope4. “It just takes a while,” says Karl Gordon, an astronomer at the STScI who helps lead the effort.
In the meantime, astronomers have been reworking manuscripts that describe distant galaxies on the basis of Webb data. “Everyone’s gone back over and had a second look, and it’s not as bad as we thought,” Adams says. Many of the most exciting distant-galaxy candidates still seem to be at or near the distance originally estimated. But other preliminary studies, such as those that draw conclusions about the early Universe by comparing large numbers of faint galaxies, might not stand the test of time. Other fields of research, such as planetary studies, are not affected as much because they depend less on these preliminary brightness measurements.
“We’ve come to realize how much this data processing is an ongoing and developing situation, just because the observatory is so new and so young,” says Gabriel Brammer, an astronomer at the University of Copenhagen who has been developing Webb calibrations independent of the STScI.
In the long run, astronomers are sure to sort out the calibration and become more confident in their conclusions. But for now, Boyer says, “I would tell people to proceed with caution — whatever results they might be getting today might not be quite right in six months, when we have more information. It’s just sort of, ‘Proceed at your own risk.’”
Hubble- en James Webb-telescopen leggen voor het eerst gelijktijdig beelden vast van DART-missie
De twee nieuwste ruimtetelescopen, de James Webb en de Hubble, hebben beelden vastgelegd van de DART-missie van de Amerikaanse ruimtevaartorganisatie NASA. Daarmee is het de eerste keer dat de twee telescopen gelijktijdig zijn ingezet om hetzelfde ruimtespektakel te observeren. Dat heeft het Europese Ruimtevaartbureau ESA bekendgemaakt.
In de nacht van 26 op 27 september slaagde NASA erin om de DART-satelliet zoals gepland in te laten slaan op de ruimterots Dimorphos, die zich op dat moment op een afstand van 11 miljoen kilometer van onze aarde bevond. De DART sloeg met een snelheid van ongeveer 6,6 km per seconde in op Dimorphos, een “maantje” van de grotere asteroïde Didymos. De bedoeling was om na te gaan of een gelijkaardige impact de baan van een asteroïde kan veranderen. Of het lukte, is nog niet bekend.
Herbekijk:
NASA Crew Celebrates After DART Mission Successfully Collides With Asteroid
NASA's DART spacecraft successfully hits asteroid
Zowel de Hubble Ruimtetelescoop als de James Webb Space Telescope keken naar de inslag. Volgens de NASA was het de eerste keer dat beide telescopen tegelijk naar eenzelfde object in de ruimte loerden. De Hubble-afbeelding toont een stervormige blauwe lichtflits tegen een zwarte achtergrond. De James Webb-foto toont een rode lichtflits tegen een donkere achtergrond, die ook stervormig is, maar groter lijkt. Het feit dat dezelfde gebeurtenis in verschillende kleuren kan worden gezien, is te wijten aan de onderscheiden technologie die in de twee telescopen wordt gebruikt.
De waarnemingen van de James Webb- en Hubble-telescopen geven wetenschappers ook meer informatie over onder meer de aard van het oppervlak van Dimorphos.
De James Webb-telescoop nam in totaal tien beelden en legde de plaats van inslag zowel voor als na de botsing vast. De telescoop observeerde het spektakel zo’n vijf uur lang.
De foto’s kunnen ook wetenschappelijke data opleveren, zegt de NASA.
De Koninklijke Sterrenwacht van België is nauw bij de missie betrokken.
De Hubble nam 45 beelden. De telescoop legde de maanrots eveneens voor de inslag vast en nam vijftien minuten later nog meer beelden nadat de DART-satelliet was ingeslagen.
Het feit dat de telescopen dezelfde gebeurtenis in verschillende kleuren zien, is te wijten aan de specifieke technologie die in de twee ruimte-apparaten wordt gebruikt.
“We keken al meer dan zeventien jaar uit naar de DART-inslag en het is zo spannend om die te zien door de ogen van de grootste ruimtetelescopen Webb en Hubble. De beelden geven ons aanwijzingen over wat er in de eerste uren na de inslag is gebeurd, en er gebeurt duidelijk veel meer dan we hadden voorzien!”, reageert missiemanager Ian Carnelli enthousiast.
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Flying Car Market Emerging Growth, Recent Trends, Industry Analysis, Insights, Share and Forecasts Report 2030
Flying Car Market Emerging Growth, Recent Trends, Industry Analysis, Insights, Share and Forecasts Report 2030
Rising traffic congestion in developed economies, changing urban mobility outlook, and increasing investment by market players are driving market revenue growth
According to the most recent analysis by Emergen Research, the size of the global flying car market is anticipated to reach USD 1,390.1 Million in 2030, with a consistent revenue CAGR of 58.6%. Factors driving market revenue growth include rapid urbanisation, a growing population, an increase in people’s disposable income, and an improvement in their level of living.
To build a more reliable and sustainable transportation infrastructure, urban mobility has transitioned toward digital, high-end technologies and green mobility initiatives. Additionally, the need for alternative solutions to current urban transportation problems including traffic congestion and rising air pollution is driven by rising urbanisation. As a result, automakers are focusing their efforts on developing hybrid or electric vehicles that can be utilised for both land and air travel. Additionally, as more cars are on the road, the problem of traffic congestion around the world has gotten worse. Because it increases carbon emissions, congestion is bad for the environment. Around the world, there is personal and business development of flying automobiles that can function in urban areas.
A flying automobile is a vehicle that has the ability to fly and serve as a private transportation. Another benefit, in addition to vertical takeoff and landing, is controllability. It combines the advantages of rotary- and fixed-wing aircraft. The most crucial characteristic of a rotary wing is its capacity for vertical takeoff and landing, while the most crucial characteristics of a constant wing are speed, efficiency, payload, range, and control.
Traffic congestion in industrialised nations is getting worse, the outlook for urban mobility is shifting, and market participants are investing more money.
The market for flying cars is changing as a result of the quick uptake of novel technologies. The desire for flying cars is being driven by the significant demand for quick, long-distance flights around the world. The adoption of new technology is a key emphasis for market players, such as the quickly developing distributed electric propulsion technology, which improves efficiency and allows for quieter takeoffs and hovers.
The high cost of production for such cars is one barrier to their wider commercialisation. These cutting-edge, contemporary, high-tech composites and alloys used to make the flying motors are more expensive since they are more difficult to obtain. Lack of a competent environmental impact research and an organised financial structure for purchasing and maintaining commodities may hurt market participants.
The market for flying cars is growing due to numerous important aspects. Because of the expanding infrastructure, the market is anticipated to expand. The other market revenue-affecting variables are people’s disposable income, changing lifestyles, and growing urbanisation. Concern is raised by the rising competition among international service and solution suppliers for flying cars. The issue of driver and vehicle safety is raised. Over the course of the projection period, the market will expand due to the rising demand for environmentally friendly automobiles.
Some of the Report’s Important Highlights
A Dutch business named PAL-V revealed plans to establish a manufacturing facility in Gujarat in March 2020. They also stated that the vehicles made there would be exported to the United States and other European nations. Carlo Maasbommel, Vice President of PAL-International V’s Business Development, and MK Das, Principal Secretary of State Industries, jointly signed a memorandum of understanding.
In 2021, the software segment accounted for a sizeable portion of sales. Major market players have found the impact of software on flying vehicles to be advantageous in terms of accessing the vehicle’s live condition and enabling digital inspection. Customers may conveniently schedule appointments for their vehicles, thus lowering their maintenance expenditures.
Due to rising demand from the urban population and improved comfort, the four-seat class contributed for a greater revenue share in 2021. This segment’s boot has enough of room for carrying bags and has excellent handling.
The autonomous segment had rapid growth during the anticipated period as consumers’ preference for these vehicles grows in response to their reduced travel time, lower emissions, and overall viability.
Major companies in the market report include AeroMobil, Boeing, Cartivator, EHang, Airbus, Terrafugia, Joby Aviation, Lilium GmbH, Volocopter GmbH, and PAL-V International B.V.
Emergen Research has segmented global flying car market on the basis of component, seating capacity, mode of operation, and region:
Component Outlook (Revenue, USD Million; 2019–2030)
Guys, I found this today and its a giant cube UFO near our sun. The object has a surface like that of a circuit board. Its very complex and 3 dimensional. Also there was another close UFO that shot past the sun at near light speed. Its image is smeared across the screen as it shoots so fast that the camera almost missed it. This is 100% proof that aliens are harvesting important scientific elements from our sun. Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Unidentified flying objects or UAPs are captured by the US Navy and are often referred to as UFOs. However, since releasing the footage could threaten national security, the Navy refuses to publicize it.
The Navy’s response came after a government transparency site, The Black Vault, filed a request under the Freedom of Information Act to obtain documents related to the alleged sightings.
The Black Vault filed the request in April 2020. It came a day after the Navy released three videos that showed the strange and seemingly impossible actions.
After two years, the government responded to the site and confirmed that there are still more UAP videos out there. However, it refused to provide the documents due to national security concerns.
In response to the request, the Navy stated that releasing the videos could expose the secrets of the Department of Defense and its operations. According to Gregory Cason, the Navy’s FOIA office, no portions of the videos could be segregated for release.
He stated that since the videos had already been discussed in the media, they were able to declassify them in April 2020.
In his report, Cason stated that the Navy was still able to release the videos without further damaging national security.
In its response, the Navy also stated that it did not hide the existence of other videos of UAPs.
There are still more videos of unexplained encounters involving UAPs in the Navy’s archives. However, the exact number of videos that show what happened remains unclear.
It’s also clear that the government takes the threat of UAP seriously. In May 2022, the Department of Defense held its first public hearing regarding the alleged sightings of UFOs. The hearing mainly focused on a report released by the Pentagon in June 2021.
The following month, the Department of Defense announced that it would be receiving federal funding to establish a new office focused on handling reports of UAP sightings.
According to a government assessment, “cosmic” and “phantom” UFOs are frequent in the sky over Ukraine
According to a government assessment, “cosmic” and “phantom” UFOs are frequent in the sky over Ukraine
The skies around Kiev are reportedly filled with unexplained flying objects, according to a recent assessment by the Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (UFOs).
According to a U.S. intelligence organization, many of these purported UFO sightings may be military equipment that appears too briefly to be recognized given that Russia and Ukraine have been involved in a fight that predominantly uses planes and drones for months.
The report, which has not yet been subjected to peer review, was published on the preprint website arXiv and describes recent efforts made by Ukrainian astronomers to monitor quickly moving, dimly lit objects in the daytime sky over Kyiv and the adjacent villages. At two meteorological stations in Kyiv and Vinarivka, a city some 75 miles to the south, astronomers used highly calibrated cameras to find hundreds of objects “that cannot scientifically be categorized as known natural occurrences.”
The categories “cosmics” and “phantoms” were employed by the researchers to group their UAP findings. According to the study, cosmics are luminary objects that stand out more than the background sky.
Phantoms, on the other hand, are shadowy objects that generally appear to be “completely black,” as though absorbing all light that reaches them, according to the study. According to observations from the two cooperating observatories, the researchers estimated that phantoms may travel at speeds of up to 33,000 mph (53,000 km/h) and that their sizes range from 10 to 40 feet (3 to 12 meters). In contrast, an intercontinental ballistic missile may go up to 15,000 mph (24,000 km/h), according to the Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation.
The researchers made no assumptions about the potential makeup of these UFOs. Instead, the primary focus of their research is on the methods and calculations used to identify the things. However, according to a report from 2021 by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) of the United States, it is likely that at least some UAPs are “technology utilized by China, Russia, another nation, or a non-governmental entity.”
Given the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine, which began in February 2022, it is conceivable that some of the UAP described in the most recent study may be related to foreign monitoring or military technologies.
The ODNI report suggests that “airborne clutter,” such as birds and balloons, climatic phenomena like ice crystals, or covert government activities are additional potential drivers of UAP. Extraterrestrial visitation is not suggested by either the U.S. or the Ukraine stories.
The U.S. government has openly expressed a renewed interest in UAP investigations since 2017, when various films filmed by American Navy planes (opens in new tab) were made available to the general public. The now-famous video displayed an unknown aircraft performing irrational maneuvers without any explanation.
The Department of Defense (DOD) won’t be making these military recordings of UAP encounters public due to “national security issues,” as the government just revealed following the declassification of the film. The DOD received funding from Congress earlier this year to create a new department that would be in charge of handling all military UFO sighting claims (opens in new tab). The authors of the most recent UAP report from Ukraine claim that the National Academy of Science is eager to contribute to this ongoing investigation.
Asteroid collision spotted from EARTH: Incredible videos from observatories in South Africa and Hawaii capture the moment NASA's DART spacecraft smashes into Dimorphos from 6.8 million miles away
Asteroid collision spotted from EARTH: Incredible videos from observatories in South Africa and Hawaii capture the moment NASA's DART spacecraft smashes into Dimorphos from 6.8 million miles away
NASA's DART spacecraft has completed its mission to crash into an asteroid, in the first planetary defense test
The ambitious mission aimed to nudge the asteroid from its orbit, but NASA won't know the results for weeks
But videos on social media depict the historic event as captured by telescopes in Hawaii and South Africa
Earth-based telescopes have captured the historic moment NASA's DART spacecraft crashed into an asteroid last night.
DART was launched from California last November – and finally completed its 10-month journey when it hit the asteroid Dimorphos at 7:14pm ET on Monday (00:14 BST Tuesday).
Dimorphos, around 560 feet in diameter, orbits a larger asteroid called Didymos, both of which are around 6.8 million miles away from our planet.
DART hit the space rock at more than 14,000 miles per hour and was destroyed upon impact, while Dimorphos received a 'small nudge' intended to alter its trajectory by a fraction.
The mission aimed to alter the asteroid's orbit, but NASA will not know the results right way, as data is being collected by Earth-based telescopes.
However, videos posted to social media already show the impact event captured by telescopes in Hawaii and South Africa.
The ATLAS telescope, based in Honolulu, Hawaii, shows the asteroid as a ball of light in motion and a plume of ejecta that's emitted as the spacecraft hits.
Similarly, a sped up animation was captured by one of Las Cumbres Observatory's telescopes in South Africa.
Neither Dimorphos nor Didymos pose any danger to Earth. The $325 million (£298 million) mission is merely a rehearsal of what may be required if a space rock does one day threaten our planet.
The ATLAS telescope, based in Honolulu, Hawaii, shows the asteroid as a ball of light in motion and a plume of ejecta that's emitted as the spacecraft hits
Similarly, a sped up animation posted to social media by @astrosnapper was captured by one of Las Cumbres Observatory's telescopes in South Africa
If a large asteroid was to hit Earth, it could wipe out the human race – much like the demise of the dinosaurs 66 million years ago.
Confirmation of impact came seconds after the 19:14 ET (00:14 BST) collision, sparking an applause among the ground team at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory in Maryland.
'Humanity - 1, Asteroid - 0,' a commentator on the livestream said, noting how incredible it is that humans carried out such an epic mission.
This is one of the first close-up pictures of the asteroid ever taken. The space probe used what is called kinetic impact, which involves sending one or more large, high-speed spacecraft into the path of an approaching near-earth object
The last complete image of asteroid moonlet Dimorphos, taken by the DRACO imager on NASA's DART (Double Asteroid Redirection Test) mission from 7 miles (12 kilometers) from the asteroid and 2 seconds before impact
Confirmation came seconds after the 7:14pm ET collision, sparking an applause among the ground team at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
WHAT IS THE NASA DART MISSION?
DART is the world’s first planetary defence test mission.
It comprises a satellite that's crashed into the small moonlet asteroid Dimorphos, which orbits a larger companion asteroid called Didymos.
The satellite was intentionally crashed into the asteroid to slightly change the latter's orbit.
Dimorphos is about 525 feet in diameter, and although it doesn't pose a danger to Earth, NASA wants to measure the asteroid's altered orbit caused by the collision.
Post-impact observations from Earth-based optical telescopes and planetary radars will measure the change in Dimorphos' orbit around Didymos, according to NASA.
This demonstration of planetary defence will inform future missions that could one day save Earth from a deadly asteroid impact.
'Impact success!' NASA tweeted after the DART spacecraft collided with the 170-metre wide (560ft) asteroid, around 6.7 million miles away from Earth.
Scientists believe the impact carved out a crater, hurled streams of rocks and dirt into space and, most importantly, altered the asteroid's orbit.
Earth-bound telescopes will now analyse data on Dimorphos to assess whether the mission was successful in altering its orbit around its 'twin' asteroid Didymos.
However, scientists said the mission produced an 'ideal outcome'.
By striking Dimorphos head on, NASA hopes it pushed it into a smaller orbit, shaving 10 minutes off the time it takes to circle Didymos, which is currently 11 hours and 55 minutes.
The space probe used what is called kinetic impact, which involves sending one or more large, high-speed spacecraft into the path of an approaching near-earth object.
Such a mission may evoke memories of a Hollywood disaster movie such as Armageddon, but this is very much real and could save Earth from colliding with a deadly space rock.
NASA Administrator Bill Nelson congratulated the DART team shortly after the mission was completed, highlighting how the successful test could one day save humanity.
'We are showing that planetary defense is a global endeavor, and it is very possible to save our planet,' Nelson said.
Elon Musk's SpaceX also applauded NASA on the successful mission.
'Congratulations on successfully crashing a spacecraft into an asteroid,' the billionaire entrepreneur's company said in its tweet.
The last image to contain a complete view of asteroid Didymos (top left) and its moonlet, Dimorphos, about 2.5 minutes before the impact of NASA's DART spacecraft, taken by the on board DRACO imager from a distance of 571 miles (920 kilometeres)
The US space agency's staff cheered and clapped in a video shared online as the vending machine-sized spacecraft successfully smashed into Dimorphos, which is the size of a football stadium.
'And we have impact. A triumph for humanity in the name of planetary defence,' a member of NASA's team said in a video recorded in the control room as the collision took place.
The asteroid's bread bun shape and rocky surface finally came into clear view in the last few minutes as DART raced toward it.
'Woo hoo,' exclaimed Johns Hopkins mission systems engineer Elena Adams. 'We're seeing Dimorphos, so wonderful, wonderful.'
With an image beaming back to Earth every second, Adams and other ground controllers in Laurel, Maryland, watched with growing excitement as Dimorphos loomed larger and larger in the field of view alongside its bigger companion.
As the craft propelled itself autonomously for the mission's final four hours like a self-guided missile, its imager started to beam down the very first pictures of Dimorphos, before slamming into its surface.
'Impact success!' NASA tweeted after the DART spacecraft collided with the 170-metre wide (560ft) asteroid, around 6.8 million miles away from Earth. SpaceX replied: 'Congratulations on successfully crashing a spacecraft into an asteroid!'
This astonishing image from NASA shows asteroid Dimorphos as seen by the DART spacecraft 11 seconds before impact. DART’s on board DRACO imager captured this image from a distance of 42 miles (68 kilometers). This image was the last to contain all of Dimorphos in the field of view
The closer DART got, the more detailed the asteroid appeared and the last shot was an up-close image of the asteroid's rocky surface - before the screen went black.
In a live question-and-answer session after the crash, senior leaders from NASA and Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory said the mission was 'straight down the middle' and nothing went wrong.
Engineers said DART is completely destroyed, but there might be pieces of it in the crater it left during impact - and some of the team said they shed a tear knowing the craft is now gone.
Adams said the craft landed 55 feet from the targeted landing site, but still enough to assume it was a success.
'It was basically a bullseye. I think, as far as we can tell, the first planetary defense test was a success, and we can clap to that,' she said in a post-mission press conference.
'Earthlings should sleep better, and I definitely will.'
Didymos (left corner) and Dimorphos (back, right) are currently making their closest approach to Earth in years, passing at a distance of about 6.7 million miles from our planet. The livestream showed the twin asteroids getting larger as the craft got closer
NASA 's DART spacecraft capture its first look of the asteroid Dimorphos that appeared like a bright dot in the blackness of space
DIMORPHOS AND DIDYMOS
Dimorphos completes an orbit around Didymos every 11 hours and 55 minutes. It was discovered in 1996 by the Spacewatch survey at Kitt Peak.
The asteroid is classified as both a potentially hazardous asteroid and a near-Earth object.
Orbiting Didymos is a 'moonlet' called Dimorphos, which was found in 2003.
A toaster-sized satellite called LICIACube, which already separated from DART a few weeks ago, made a close pass of the site to capture images of the collision and the ejecta - the pulverized rock thrown off by impact.
DART launched aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket last November, which was called NASA's 'Armageddon moment'.
DART 'is something of a replay of Bruce Willis's movie, "Armageddon", although that was totally fictional,' Nelson said in a November interview referring the 1998 film that saw teams travel to an asteroid heading to Earth with the hopes of destroying it before impact.
Didymos and Dimorphos are currently making their closest approach to Earth in years, passing at a distance of about 6.7 million miles from our planet.
The European Space Agency (ESA) is launching a mission in 2024 that will send a probe to Dimorphos and Didymos to study the pair in greater detail.
An asteroid the size of Dimorphos could cause a continent-wide destruction on Earth, while the impact of one the size of the larger Didymos would be felt worldwide.
NASA emphasized that the asteroids in question pose no threat to our home planet, but were chosen because they can be observed from ground-based telescopes here on Earth.
Andy Rivkin, of JPL's 's applied physics laboratory, and Dart investigation team lead, said Monday that the two asteroids are perfect to test this planetary defense test.
The Double Asteroid Redirection Test was launched last November ahead of a year-long journey to crash into the small asteroid Dimorphos, which orbits a larger one called Didymos
'We needed something with a moon that was small enough that we could move it with a strike from a from a spacecraft, but not so small that we wrecked the moon,' Rivkin continued.
'So when you kind of tick off all the possibilities, Didymos ended up as the best choice, and really the only choice, that would provide a mission in this time period.'
Telescopes were also watching and studying from afar, including NASA's new $10 billion James Webb observatory, while DART will also return images to Earth at the rate of one per second as it heads towards its 'deep impact'.
The theory is that if an asteroid was on a collision course with Earth, you would only need to change its velocity by a small amount to alter its path so that it misses us, provided this was done far enough in advance.
Rome-based Virtual Telescope Project has also teamed up with several observatories in South Africa, and will be showing the target asteroid in real-time at the moment of the scheduled impact.
Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART), a box-shaped space probe, crashed into its target at 7:14pm. This is human's first planetary defense test
Brace for impact: NASA's first ever 'planetary defense' spacecraft – sent to deflect an asteroid 6.8 million miles from Earth – hit Monday, September 26. The graphic above shows how the mission worked
The change in the orbital period will be measured by telescopes on Earth. The minimum change for the mission to be considered a success is 73 seconds.
The DART technique could prove useful for altering the course of an asteroid years or decades before it bears down on Earth with the potential for catastrophe.
NASA considers any near-Earth object 'potentially hazardous' if it comes within 0.05 astronomical units (4.6 million miles) and measures more than 460ft in diameter.
More than 27,000 near-Earth asteroids have been cataloged but none currently pose a danger to our planet.
POTENTIAL METHODS FOR ELIMINATING THE THREAT OF AN ASTEROID
DART is one of many concepts of how to negate the threat of an asteroid that have been suggested over the years.
Multiple bumps
Scientists in California have been firing projectiles at meteorites to simulate the best methods of altering the course of an asteroid so that it wouldn't hit Earth.
According to the results so far, an asteroid like Bennu that is rich in carbon could need several small bumps to charge its course.
'These results indicate multiple successive impacts may be required to deflect rather than disrupt asteroids, particularly carbonaceous asteroids,' researchers said.
Nuke
Another idea, known simply as 'nuke', involves blowing up a nuclear explosive close to the asteroid.
However, this could create smaller but still potentially dangerous fragments of rock that could spin off in all directions, potentially towards Earth.
Ion Beam Deflection
With Ion Beam Deflection, plumes from a space probe's thrusters would be directed towards the asteroid to gently push on its surface over a wide area.
A thruster firing in the opposite direction would be needed to keep the spacecraft at a constant distance from the asteroid.
Gravity tractor
And yet another concept, gravity tractor, would deflect the asteroid without physically contacting it, but instead by using only its gravitational field to transmit a required impulse.
Professor Colin Snodgrass, an astronomer at the University of Edinburgh said: 'There have been a few concepts suggested, such as a ‘gravity tractor’ to slowly tow an asteroid away instead of pushing it with a kinetic impactor.
'But the kinetic impactor is definitely the simplest technology to use on the sort of timescale that is most likely to be of concern for this size of asteroid, i.e. years to decades warning time.'
Astronomers watched in awe as binary asteroid Didymos brightened up immediately after the impact of NASA's DART spacecraft on Monday (Sept. 26).
Italian astronomer Gianluca Masi couldn't contain his excitement at the sight as he shared the observations in a livestream via the Virtual Telescope project. A small, dim dot that marked the Didymos-Dimorphos binary asteroid, at that time some 7 million miles (11 million kilometers) from Earth, began rapidly brightening and within minutes outshined even the brightest of stars in that tiny section of the sky.
"This is exceeding my expectations a lot," Masi said in the stream(opens in new tab). "The object is now nearly 3 magnitudes brighter than earlier, this is tens of times more!"
Binary asteroid Didymos brightens up shortly after the impact of NASA's DART spacecraft. (Image credit: Virtual Telescope Project/Klein Karoo Observatory)
Since Italy was outside of the region with a direct view of Didymos at the time of the collision, Masi viewed the asteroid via a 12-inch (30 centimeters) telescope at South Africa's Klein Karoo Observatory in a feed shared by amateur astronomer Berto Monard.
The two astronomers watched in awe as Didymos not only brightened up, but also grew in size and changed shape as the cloud of debris stirred by DART's impact quickly spread in the surrounding space.
"Soon after the impact, an amount of dust was released like a plume and now this cloud of dust is expanding, sending back light from the sun," Monard explained in the stream. "This is much more than what I could expect. Even the shape is a bit different. It's like a comet. There are particles that are moving away from the asteroid and that's why you have a bigger halo of light."
Masi added that the only other time astronomers could observe such a human-made brightening of a celestial object was in 2005 when NASA's Deep Impact probe intentionally collided with Comet Tempel 1. The goal of that mission, however, wasn't to change the comet's trajectory but to extract some material from its surface to enable scientists to learn more about the composition of these ice balls.
"At that time, I could record a brightness increase, but I have to say that this is by far much more dramatic," Masi commented on his observations of Deep Impact's encounter with the comet.
Telescopes all over the world are currently aiming at the Didymos binary asteroid hoping to learn all they can about the cloud of debris stirred by DART's impact and about the effects the collision had on the orbit of the 560-foot-wide (170 meters) moonlet Dimorphos around the 2,560-foot-wide (780 m) main asteroid Didymos. Altering Dimorphos' orbit around Didymos by at least 73 seconds was the primary purpose of the DART mission.
If last night's impact was successful, the DART experiment could lead to technology that humankind might need one day to protect itself from a space rock on a collision course with Earth.
NASA’s DART mission successfully knocks asteroid off course, Earth can now defend itself
NASA’s DART mission successfully knocks asteroid off course, Earth can now defend itself
Gaurvi Narang-
New Delhi: For the first time, NASA’s Double Asteroid Redirection Test or DART has successfully knocked an asteroid off its course, demonstrating its ability to defend the planet from potentially disastrous asteroid impact in the future.
Mission control at the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Maryland, announced the successful impact Tuesday — which is humanity’s first test to resist an asteroid’s impact.
IMPACT SUCCESS! Watch from #DARTMIssion’s DRACO Camera, as the vending machine-sized spacecraft successfully collides with asteroid Dimorphos, which is the size of a football stadium and poses no threat to Earth. pic.twitter.com/7bXipPkjWD
“We’re embarking on a new era of humankind, an era in which we potentially have the capability to protect ourselves from something like a dangerous, hazardous asteroid impact,” said Lori Glaze, director of NASA’s Planetary Science Division. “What an amazing thing. We’ve never had that capability before.”
While Dimorphos did not pose any actual threat to Earth, the mission aimed to test the “kinetic impactor” method which will verify to what extent it is possible to redirect asteroids that might possibly threaten the planet. Using the force of kinetic energy, this crash, that took place today, might save future generations from any real threats.
As expected, the collision has slightly changed the asteroid’s motion and path in space, and has successfully given the world a viable mitigation strategy.
While further speculation from telescopic observations are underway to clearly determine the complete success of the mission, NASA has confirmed that they expect the impact to shorten Dimorphos’ orbit by about one percent or roughly 10 minutes. Over the next few weeks, Dimorphos’ orbital change will be studied along with the debris ejected from the crash.
DART slammed itself into the asteroid which was 9.6 million kilometres away at 22,500 kilometres per hour.
Roughly four years from now, the European Space Agency’s Hera project will conduct detailed surveys of both Dimorphos and asteroid Didymos, with a particular focus on the crater left by DART’s collision and a precise measurement of Dimorphos’ mass, NASA says.
“We are not aware of a single object right now threatening the Earth in the next 100 years. But there eventually will be one. We can deduce that from the geological records of our planet and even data from the Moon. We want to test this technology now so that it is ready in case we ever need it,” said Thomas Zurbuchen, the associate administrator for the
Science Mission Directorate at NASA, during a press conference on 12 September.
The most destructive celestial impact happened 65 million years ago when an asteroid with a 5 kilometer radius crashed into Earth and gave us what we know today as the Yucatán Peninsula. The impact wiped out numerous plant and animal species including dinosaurs.
In 2019, an asteroid the size of a football field, also passed by Earth closely, and another which was the size of a 747 jet came extremely close in 2021. But all these asteroids were not expected guests, they were cosmic surprises, scientists said.
This first event which could indeed go a long way in preventing something disastrous, was launched in November 2021 and has now attained fruition. The historic was live streamed on NASA TV, which is NASA’s own and also, the space agency’s YouTube channel.
“No, this is not a movie plot,” NASA Administrator Bill Nelson tweeted earlier in the day. “We’ve all seen it on movies like ‘Armageddon’, but the real-life stakes are high,” he said in a prerecorded video.
Tonight @NASA will crash an uncrewed spacecraft into an asteroid. On purpose.
Yes, you read that correctly. And no, this is not a movie plot.
The #DARTmission is the world’s first mission to test technology for defending Earth against potential asteroid or comet hazards! pic.twitter.com/XCBtdsgVV0
While further scientific studies are currently underway, the impact will also be studied with the help of data gathered from these devices.
The spacecraft has been carrying its own mini photography device, the LICIACube (Light Italian CubeSat for Imaging Asteroids) to capture the event up close, which had been deployed from the spacecraft on 11 September. The device is programmed to record and capture DART’s impact, getting images of the debris ejected from the collision and a view of the newly-formed crater.
The Italy-built cubesat was to observe the crash from about 1,000 kms away and then zoom into the fresh site of debris and collision.
The spacecraft had also been transmitting other images of the asteroid which shall be captured by its Didymos Reconnaissance and Asteroid Camera for Optical Navigation (DRACO) camera.
During the event, the images streamed back to Earth were at a rate of one per second. The boulder-covered surface of the egg-shaped asteroid reminded scientists of Ryugu and Bennu, two other asteroids that have recently been visited by spacecraft. Dimorphos is thought by scientists to be an asteroid rubble pile comprised of weakly-connected rocks.
Dimorphos is relatively unknown
Dimorphos is the size of a football field and does not pose any immediate threat to Earth. Scientists are aware of Dimorphos’ size and history, but still do not understand its chemical composition.
The DART mission not only tests the viability of a device that can offset the impact of a potential threat, but also bridges the gap to create a better understanding of the asteroid itself.
Dimorphos is 520 feet or 160 metre wide and is orbiting the much larger 2,560 feet or 780 metre wide asteroid called Didymos. While Didymos is still better understood in the scientific community, Dimorphos requires further speculation. “We know that it’s a separate body, but we know very little about the shape of the asteroid. We don’t know if Dimorphos is elongated or spherical; we don’t know whether it’s a single rock or a pile of boulders,” said Terik Daly, a deputy instrument scientist on DART’s Didymos Reconnaissance and Asteroid Camera for Optical navigation (DRACO), and a planetary scientist at Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, which manages the DART mission for NASA to Space.com.
It is usually recommended that a 5-10 years buffer or notice period is essential for Earth to prepare itself against a killer asteroid attack. And now that all has gone well with the mission so far, we may just be one step closer to a remarkable feat that shall aid humanity from any possible celestial threats.
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