LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 27/01/2023

Exoplanets Reveal Our True Ancestors | Ancient Aliens (Season 1)

Since the discovery of exoplanets, Ancient Astronaut Theorists believe they could be home to our true ancestors. See more in this clip from "Aliens and Outer Space."

Watch all new episodes of Ancient Aliens, Fridays, at 9/8c, and next day on The HISTORY Channel website at http://history.com/schedule.

Asteroid 2023 BU seen shortly before super close approach to Earth - Time-lapse

Gianluca Masi from the Virtual Telescope Project captured asteroid 2023 BU when it less than 40,000 km (25,854 mi.) away from Earth on Jan. 26, 2023. It’s closest approach to Earth was about 3,600 km (~2,236 mi) away.

Credit: Gianluca Masi / Virtual Telescope Project | edited by Space.com's Steve Spaleta (https://twitter.com/stevespaleta)

Scientists Make a New Bizarre Discovery in Africa That Changes Everything!

As the so-called “cradle of mankind”, Africa plays a key role in the development of our species. Rich in culture and breathtaking landscapes, the second largest continent on earth is always in the sights of historians, naturalists and archaeologists. Today we would like to show you which overwhelming treasures are really slumbering in Africa! You want to know what the inexplicable incident that took place in Zimbabwe in 1994 is all about? And why is the discovery of an ancient city shaking our conventional worldview? Then be sure to watch our video to the end!

25,000 Mile Pre-Flood Ruin Exposed In Peru?

How Elon's SpaceX Starship SHOCKED Scientists, will blow your mind...

Astronomers breathed a collective sigh of relief as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) sprung to life. Getting the $10-billion telescope up and running following its launch on Christmas Day 2021 had been a nerve-racking affair. JWST would not fit into any modern rocket without being folded, and it had to rely on hundreds of moving parts to unfurl to full size once in space. Ultimately those efforts were successful, and the telescope has started returning some of its first calibration images to thrilled audiences back on Earth.
Yet the experience left many astronomers wondering if there was a simpler way to build and launch telescopes of this size. “We were worried about the unfolding,” says John Blevins of NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center. But with a larger rocket, “you don’t have to unfold in space. You can do it on the ground.”

As chance would have it, two such rockets are currently sitting on launchpads. Each should ultimately exceed the power of the mighty Saturn V, which sent the Apollo astronauts to the moon.

The first, NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS), is ready and waiting at Kennedy Space Center in Florida for its inaugural uncrewed voyage around the moon as part of the Artemis I mission—the opening shot in NASA’s plan to return humans to the lunar surface in the 2020s. The rocket, tentatively scheduled for a launch in late this month, is meant to be as reliable as possible and is therefore based, in large part, on legacy hardware from NASA’s Space Shuttle program.

But reliance on tried-and-true technology could be its Achilles’ heel: some estimates currently peg the SLS’s cost at an eye-watering $4.1 billion per launch. Presuming it is not scuttled by congressional appropriators feeling buyer’s remorse, its massive size could eventually be a boon for scientists seeking to send larger, more ambitious spacecraft and telescopes throughout the solar system—and even beyond. However, it can't!
How Elon's SpaceX Starship SHOCKED Scientists, will blow your mind...

How Did SpaceX Starship Do During The BIGGEST Test Yet? - Largest Rocket Ignition In History Next!

Today’s episode is a big one! SpaceX did the Starship Wet Dress rehearsal, and we’re doing a DETAILED analysis! Elon Musk's Ship 24 is getting ready for the orbital launch, and Super Heavy Booster 7 is about to perform the largest rocket ignition in human history! On top of that, ULA’s Vulcan Centaur has arrived at the Cape and is getting ready for its maiden flight, Rocket Lab did its first Electron launch from US soil, and Neutron, Rocket Lab’s futuristic new super rocket, is making fast progress! Stay tuned, and let’s dive right in!”

Can They See Us? With Dr. Lisa Kaltenegger and Jonathan Barrientos

Neil deGrasse Tyson Explains Faster Than Light Interstellar Travel

In this video Neil DeGrasse Tyson, a well-known astronomer and science communicator, examines the idea of traveling between stars faster than the speed of light.

Tyson explores the theories and prospects of traveling at speeds faster than the speed of light, drawing on his vast understanding of physics and the cosmos.

He talks on how time travel affects technology, the limitations of today's technology, and the possibilities of advanced technologies like warp drive and hyperspace.

Tyson also discusses the idea of wormholes as a potential means of exceeding the speed of light travel and the influence of quantum mechanics in this area.Additionally, he discusses how popular culture, particularly Star Trek, affects how people view travel faster than light. 

NASA Said That Something Massive Is Heading Towards Our Planet!

NASA has revealed that a massive asteroid, capable of destroying entire planets, is hurtling through space towards Earth. Dubbed the "planet killer," this ominous celestial object is said to be larger than any previously recorded asteroid. And if it collides into earth, we could be looking at doomsday in just a few months. The question that remains is, is this true? And if it is true, what does it mean for the human race? Watch till the end of this video to find out!

Star Trek Fans Rejoice! Actual Tractor Beam Was Made In a Lab Using Lasers

Massive iceberg breaks off Antarctica’s Brunt Ice Shelf, seen from space

A 1550 square km (963 sq mi.) iceberg, designated A81, recently broke off Antarctica’s Brunt Ice Shelf. A time-lapse of the 'calving process' was captured by satellites, according to ESA.

Full Story: https://www.space.com/iceberg-size-of...

Credit; ESA - European Space Agency

NASA's Day of Remembrance honors fallen astronauts

NASA honors the crews of Challenger, Columbia, Apollo 1, astronauts who died in training and on a test flight.

Apollo 1: Astronauts Virgil "Gus" Grissom, Edward White and Roger Chaffee

Challenger: Commander Scobee, Pilot Michael J. Smith, Mission Specialists Judith A. Resnik, Ellison S. Onizuka, and Ronald E. McNair, and Payload Specialists Gregory B. Jarvis and Sharon Christa McAuliffe

Columbia: Commander Rick D. Husband, Pilot William C. McCool, Payload Commander Michael P. Anderson, Mission Specialists Kalpana Chawla, David M. Brown and Laurel B. Clark, and Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon (Israeli Space Agency)

Astronauts that died during training/test flight: Theodore Freeman, Charles Bassett, Elliot See, Clifton C. Williams, Robert Henry Lawrence Jr. and X-15 pilot Michael James Adams

Credit: NASA

Dream Chaser Tenacity's Final Tests Before Its First Launch

Spaceplanes are unique engineering feats that come with different benefits and downsides compared to traditional spacecraft. They also come in many different shapes and sizes with the Space Shuttle and Dream Chaser being great examples.

In the past, the Shuttle revolutionized space access and what was capable. Now in 2023, Sierra Space and Dream Chaser are hoping to do the same. In the last couple of months, we have seen an increase in progress from the company regarding the first Dream Chaser test article expected to go to space named Tenacity. This involves finishing heat shield application and an upcoming shipment for final ground testing. Once complete, the only other factor influencing this launch is the first flight of Vulcan scheduled in a couple of months, which Tenacity will launch on in the future.

However, with Vulcan a few months behind schedule and this being Dream Chaser ‘s first ever mission, a lot can come in the way of the launch set to happen in the third quarter of this year. Here I will go more in-depth into some of the recent updates on both Dream Chaser Tenacity and Vulcan, what to expect on this first mission, the significance of this spaceplane, and more.

Full article here

• https://thespacebucket.com/dream-chas...

For more space-related content check out 

• https://thespacebucket.com/

Credit:

• NASA - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCLA_...
• ULA - https://www.youtube.com/user/UnitedLa...
• SNC - https://www.youtube.com/user/sierrane...

Chapters:

0:00 - Intro

0:55 - Tenacity Nearing Completion

3:37 - First ISS Mission

{ https://www.youtube.com/ }

27-01-2023 om 21:15 geschreven door peter  

New research based on Illustris TNG shows that the Milky Way is special. But it’s not special purely for its intrinsic qualities. It’s special in relation to its surroundings.

The findings are in a new paper based on Illustris TNG 300 published in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. The title is “The unusual Milky Way-local sheet system: implications for spin strength and alignment.” The lead researcher is Miguel Aragón, a computational cosmologist and assistant professor at the National Astronomical Observatory, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico.

Illustris TNG simulates the large-scale structure of the Universe. It shows how galaxies are arranged on filaments of dark matter that weave their way through vast cosmic voids. Some of the features it shows are cosmological walls, also called galaxy walls. They’re enormous features, and one of them—a wall called the Hercules–Corona Borealis Great Wall—is the largest known structure in the Universe and is 10 billion light-years long.

Cosmological walls are made up of galaxies. They’re a subtype of filaments, but they’re flattened and have voids on either side. The voids seem to squash the walls into their flattened shape. The cosmological wall nearest the Milky Way is called the Local Wall or Local Sheet.

The Local Sheet influences how the Milky Way and other nearby galaxies rotate on their axes. The Milky Way takes about 250,000,000 years to rotate, and the study shows that the rotation is more organized than if the galaxy wasn’t near the Local Sheet.

The study also shows that the Milky Way is special. While typical galaxies tend to be much smaller in relation to walls, the Milky Way is surprisingly massive in relation to the Local Wall. According to the research, this is a rare cosmic occurrence.

One characteristic that cosmologists study is velocity dispersion. It describes how much dispersal there is in the velocity of a group of astronomical objects. The velocities are dispersed around a mean velocity. The velocity of objects in the Milky Way/Local Wall neighbourhood has low dispersion, meaning they’re not dispersed far from the mean.

This is unusual for a high-mass galaxy like the Milky Way in an environment like this, close to the Local Wall. To understand this better, the researchers looked for Milky Way Analogue (MWA) galaxies in Illustris TNG 300.

They found that MWAs in Local-Sheet analogues are rare. There was only one of them per 160–200?Mpc³  of volume in the simulation. With their research, they showed that the cold environment around the Local Sheet is responsible. “We find that a Sheet-like cold environment preserves, amplifies, or simplifies environmental effects on the angular momentum of galaxies,” they write in their paper.

Specifically, the Local Sheet affects the spin of the Milky Way. “… there are particularly strong alignments between the sheet and galaxy spins,” they explain, adding that in the simulation, the galaxies near walls have low spin parameters.

This all affects how galaxies grow and merge over time, they think. It leads to lower-mass galaxies in these types of cosmic neighbourhoods. That’s why the Milky Way, with its high mass, is so unusual and why the simulation found only one like it in up to 200 cubic megaparsecs of space.

The study reminds us of something critical: context is important. If we look at the Milky Way as a discrete object and compare it to other similar discrete objects, it doesn’t appear to be exceptional. But in relation to its surroundings, it is. “Our results highlight the importance of carefully characterizing the environment around our galaxy,” the paper states. “The effect of the geometry and coldness of Local Sheet environment on angular momentum processes may help us better understand current problems in galaxy formation…” 

In a press release presenting the research, the authors refer to the Copernican bias. “This bias, describing the successive removal of our special status in the nearly 500 years since Copernicus demoted the Earth from being at the centre of the cosmos, would come from assuming that we reside in a completely average place in the Universe,” the press release says. It shows the risk inherent in ignoring the environment of an object being studied.

This work also shows a potential flaw in how scientists use simulations like Illustris TNG. It’s misleading to think that any point in the simulation is the same as any other point. Galaxies close to a Cosmic Wall can evolve quite differently than at other points.

“So, the Milky Way is, in a way, special,” said research lead Miguel Aragón. “The Earth is very obviously special, the only home of life that we know. But it’s not the centre of the Universe or even the Solar System. And the Sun is just an ordinary star among billions in the Milky Way. Even our galaxy seemed to be just another spiral galaxy among billions of others in the observable Universe.”

“The Milky Way doesn’t have a particularly special mass or type. There are lots of spiral galaxies that look roughly like it,” Joe Silk, another of the researchers, said. “But it is rare if you take into account its surroundings. If you could see the nearest dozen or so large galaxies easily in the sky, you would see that they all nearly lie on a ring embedded in the Local Sheet. That’s a little bit special in itself. What we newly found is that other walls of galaxies in the Universe like the Local Sheet very seldom seem to have a galaxy inside them that’s as massive as the Milky Way.”

“You might have to travel half a billion light years from the Milky Way, past many, many galaxies, to find another cosmological wall with a galaxy like ours,” Aragón said. He adds, “That’s a couple of hundred times farther away than the nearest large galaxy around us, Andromeda.”

So is it okay if we feel special again? We’re obviously special just because we’re alive, and most matter we can see isn’t. But that doesn’t necessarily tell us about how much other matter might be alive and if we’re special. From a vantage point elsewhere in the Universe, there could be much more living matter. Before the rise of modern astronomy, we had no idea if there was life elsewhere or how special Earth might be. We’re wise to be cautious with the word special, according to one of the authors.

“You do have to be careful, though, choosing properties that qualify as ‘special,’” Dr. Mark Neyrinck, another member of the team, said. “If we added a ridiculously restrictive condition on a galaxy, such as that it must contain the paper we wrote about this, we would certainly be the only galaxy in the observable Universe like that. But we think this ‘too big for its wall’ property is physically meaningful and observationally relevant enough to call out as really being special.”

More:

• Press Release: Milky Way found to be more unique than previously thought
• Paper: The unusual Milky Way-local sheet system: implications for spin strength and alignment
• Illustris TNG: Images and Videos

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

26-01-2023 om 17:57 geschreven door peter  

Archeologen ontdekken mogelijk oudste en meest complete mummie ooit gevonden in Egypte

Archeologen hebben een ontdekking gedaan vlakbij de Egyptische hoofdstad Caïro. Ze vonden er een graftombe van een farao met een mummie die mogelijk de oudste en meest complete is die ooit in Egypte werd gevonden. Dat meldt de leider van de opgraving, Zahi Hawass.

 Bron: Reuters

De mummie is 4.300 jaar oud en behoort toe aan een man met de naam Hekashepes. Hij lag in een kalkstenen sarcofaag die dichtgemaakt was met mortel, op de bodem van een schacht van vijftien meter diep, en was met goud bedekt.

Lees ook

• 

  Krokodillenmummies verbazen ook archeologen en Belgen mogen ze onderzoeken: “Een van de mooiste vondsten die ik ooit zag”

• 

  Oudste runensteen ter wereld gevonden in Noorwegen

© REUTERS

“Deze mummie zou wel eens de oudste en meest complete kunnen zijn die tot nu toe gevonden werd in Egypte”, aldus Hawass in een verklaring. De sarcofaag verkeerde “in de exacte staat waarin de oude Egyptenaren hem 4.300 jaar geleden hebben achtergelaten.”

De tombe waarin de ontdekking werd gedaan maakt deel uit van een groep graven uit de vijfde (2504 tot 2347 voor Christus) en de zesde (2347 tot 2216 voor Christus) dynastie van het Oude Rijk. Die werden onlangs ontdekt vlakbij de Piramide van Djoser in Saqqara.

Een tweede graf behoorde toe aan Khnumdjedef, een inspecteur van ambtenaren, opzichter van edelen en priester tijdens het bewind van Unas, de laatste farao van de vijfde dynastie. Het graf was versierd met taferelen uit het dagelijkse leven.

Een derde graf bleek van Meri, die omschreven werd als “hoeder van de geheimen” en assistent van de grote leider van het paleis.

Tussen de graven lagen ook talloze beelden, waaronder eentje van een man met zijn vrouw en verschillende bedienden.

Eerder deze week kondigde Caïro ook de ontdekking van “een hele Romeinse stad” aan. Volgens critici hebben de berichten meer politieke en economische betekenis dan wetenschappelijke, aangezien het land in een ernstige economische crisis verkeert. Egypte rekent op het toerisme om de financiële situatie te herstellen.

LEES OOK: 

• “Volledige Romeinse stad” ontdekt bij opgravingen in Luxor

• Egyptische wetenschappers vinden bijzondere mummie: tienerjongen met 49 amuletten van goud begraven

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

26-01-2023 om 17:38 geschreven door peter  

Asteroïde komt deze nacht ontzettend dicht bij de aarde, maar “hij zal ons niet raken”, benadrukt NASA

Een asteroïde ter grootte van een bestelwagen zal vrijdagochtend langs de aarde razen. Dit zal een van de dichtstbijzijnde asteroïdes ooit zijn die we konden waarnemen. NASA benadrukt dat de asteroïde de aarde niet zal raken.

  Bron: AP, Belga

 NASA zei woensdag dat deze pas ontdekte asteroïde 3.600 kilometer boven de zuidpunt van Zuid-Amerika zal vliegen. Dat is 10 keer dichterbij dan de vele communicatiesatellieten die boven de aarde cirkelen.

An illustration of the orbits of asteroid 2023 BU and Earth showing the asteroid at perigee on Jan. 26. 

(Image credit: TheSkyLive.com)

Lees ook

• 

  NASA test nucleaire raketten die astronauten in recordtijd naar Mars kunnen vliegen

• 

  James Webb-telescoop ontdekt rotsachtige exoplaneet die bijna even groot is als aarde

De nadering vindt plaats om 1.27 uur vrijdagochtend Belgische tijd. Zelfs als de ruimterots een stuk dichterbij komt, zou het grootste deel ervan volgens wetenschappers in de atmosfeer verbranden en zouden sommige grotere stukken als meteorieten kunnen vallen.

NASA’s systeem voor het inschatten van het inslaggevaar, Scout, sloot een inslag snel uit, aldus de ontwikkelaar ervan, Davide Farnocchia. “Maar ondanks het zeer geringe aantal waarnemingen kon het toch voorspellen dat de asteroïde de aarde buitengewoon dicht zou naderen”, zei Farnocchia in een verklaring. “In feite is dit een van de dichtste naderingen door een bekend object ooit geregistreerd.”

Tientallen waarnemingen

De asteroïde die zaterdag werd ontdekt en bekend staat onder de naam 2023 BU, heeft een diameter van 3,5 tot 8,5 meter. Hij werd voor het eerst gezien door dezelfde amateur-astronoom op de Krim, Gennady Borisov, die in 2019 een interstellaire komeet ontdekte. Binnen een paar dagen werden tientallen waarnemingen gedaan door astronomen over de hele wereld, waardoor ze de baan van de asteroïde konden verfijnen.

Het pad van de asteroïde zal drastisch worden gewijzigd door de zwaartekracht van de aarde zodra hij voorbijraast. In plaats van elke 359 dagen rond de zon te cirkelen, zal hij volgens NASA in een ovale baan van 425 dagen terechtkomen.

27.000 asteroïden

Wetenschappers hebben in de buurt van de Aarde zo’n 27.000 asteroïden geïdentificeerd, waarvan ongeveer 10.000 met een diameter van ruim 140 meter. Er is er geen enkele bekend die in de nabije toekomst rechtstreeks op onze planeet zou afstevenen.

Afgelopen oktober slaagde NASA er voor het eerst in de bewegingsrichting van een asteroïde te veranderen door een sonde te laten inslaan. Aan de basis van dat experiment lag de vraag hoe onze Aarde kan worden beschermd tegen aanstormende hemellichamen. Een inslag van een asteroïde ongeveer 66 miljoen jaar geleden wordt door wetenschappers beschouwd als de belangrijkste theorie waarom de dinosauriërs zijn uitgestorven.

KIJK.

• Nasa wil raket met kernaandrijving ontwikkelen

Fully interactive, Eyes on Asteroids uses science data to help visualize asteroid and comet orbits around the Sun. Zoom in to travel along with your favorite spacecraft as they explore these fascinating near-Earth objects in beautiful 3D.

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

26-01-2023 om 17:18 geschreven door peter  

AMAZING UFO VIDEO! UAP drops two objects over Picket Post Mountain in Arizona

On January 22, 2023 at 2:47 PM, a group of hikers were on their way to Picket Post Mountain in Arizona when they noticed an unusual object in the sky. The hikers, who were identified as a sister, father, and the person who reported the sighting, observed the object for about 15 seconds before recording a video of the event. The footage, which was provided to the reporter, shows a small, bright dot in the sky that appears to be stationary at first. The object then drops two “flare-like” objects and then suddenly accelerates at a high speed before disappearing from sight.

The witnesses were unable to identify the object and speculated that it could have been a high-end drone or a helicopter. However, they were convinced that the object’s sudden acceleration was not something that could be explained by any known aircraft. The witnesses were also puzzled by the “flare-like” objects that were dropped by the object, as they were unable to explain what they were.

• Check out more UFO sightings from US state Arizona at this tag!
  

The sighting took place in an area known for its military and airforce bases, leading some to believe that the object could have been a classified military drone. However, the witnesses’ descriptions and the footage of the object do not match any known military aircraft.

• Two round bright UFO that didn’t move - San Diego, CA

UFO sightings are not uncommon, but the sudden acceleration and the “flare-like” objects dropped by the object in this particular sighting make it unique and intriguing. The stabilized footage provided by the witnesses offers a clear view of the object, but it remains unidentified. The witnesses have expressed their desire to know more about what they saw and have asked anyone with knowledge of the object to come forward with information.

Bellow you can watch original and stabilized footage from this latest UFO sighting!

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

26-01-2023 om 15:17 geschreven door peter  

Ex-Area 51 Sentry Reveals Shocking Details of Disc-Shaped Craft and Alien Beings at Top-Secret Facility

In a this video interview, former S-4 Level 2 sentry Derek Hennesy, also known as Connor O’Ryan, revealed his experiences of witnessing grey extraterrestrial beings and disc-shaped craft at Area 51. Hennesy explained that there are four levels in S-4, with the top level being a hanger for the flying disc ships. He stated that the first and second levels are all elevator where they keep the flying disc ships, and that while he was there, they were trying to operate the disc, which he witnessed unsuccessfully. He also mentioned that there were scientists and high-level White House officials present at the facility.

Hennesy described the layout of the facility, including four elevators and the fact that there are no centuries on levels three and four. He stated that he had no knowledge of what goes on in those levels, but he had heard rumors of a heavy or EB being present. He also described the bays on level two, which are separated by automatic doors and contain elevators that can bring the whole floor to the top.

The most striking revelation from Hennesy was his description of the storage of extraterrestrial bodies on level two. He stated that there were tubes present, about two feet in width and six feet in height, and that the creatures inside were completely identical, with no way of identifying them individually. He described the creatures as resembling the typical depiction of grey aliens, but with shriveled eyes that resembled prunes and no visible eyelids or hair. He also stated that their bodies were very thin and frail-looking.

• Former USAF Colonel "It Looked Like an Eye and Was Shedding Something Like Mo

Hennesy also described the security measures in place at the facility, including a plastic card with magnetic information, a handprint scan, and a right eye retina scan for access to levels three and four. He stated that if clearance was not granted, instructions were to arrest the individual immediately.

Hennesy’s testimony has been deemed credible by those who conducted the interview, as his voice analysis did not show any signs of stress, and the information he provided matched up with other information and rumors that have been circulating about the secretive Area 51 facility.

RELATED VIDEOS

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

26-01-2023 om 15:09 geschreven door peter  

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 26/01/2023

SpaceX launches 'heaviest' Starlink batch yet, nails landing

A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket launched its heaviest payload to date, carrying 56 Starlink satellites that weighed in at a combined 17.4 metric tonnes (19.4 tons). The rocket lifted off from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida on Jan. 26, 2023.

Full Story: https://www.space.com/spacex-starlink...

The first stage landed on the Just Read the Instructions droneship in the Atlantic Ocean several minutes after separation.

Credit; SpaceX

Scientists Discover Terrifying New Planet Eating Stars!

Scientists Discover Terrifying New Planet Eating Stars!

Last Video: The 10 Most Insane Planets In The Universe!

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dwe0m...

Disaster! China can't STOP COPYING SpaceX Rockets, making laugh to Elon...

If imitation is the sincerest form of flattery, Elon Musk's SpaceX must be very pleased with the Chinese space program.
CAS-SPACE had an opening ceremony of their manufacturing base in Nansha, Guangzhou on JAN.09. And this is their new crew capsule presented.
If you think have you deja vu while looking at this image, you’re not wrong. The new Chinese spacecraft resembles another spacecraft that has carried astronauts into space for three years.
That’s right; it looks similar to SpaceX’s Dragon capsule.
To wit, China seems Cloned SpaceX Dragon!
And with this being said, what could be the reaction of SpaceX CEO Elon Musk?

Find out everything about this in today's episode of Alpha Tech:

CAS Space, a commercial spinoff from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), is already developing rockets for commercial satellite launches and announced in 2021 that it wants to send people up into space, albeit briefly.

According to the press release, CAS Space is working on a single-stage reusable rocket that would take as many as seven passengers on a 10-minute ride up above the Kármán line at 62 miles (100 kilometers), which is generally held to be the boundary between Earth's atmosphere and outer space.
Its name ZK6, high 15m; Diameter: 3.35m with 4 windows;
ZK6 is powered by 5 15t XY1 engines;
It can reuse more than 30 times.

All of us can see that the ZK6 remarkably resembles SpaceX's Crew Dragon capsule, right?
In addition, ZK6 also has grid fins near the top of the rocket, which would guide the rocket’s descent. And instead of landing legs, the rocket would be "caught" by an arm attached to the launch tower, following a concept unveiled by SpaceX for its massive Starship Super Heavy rocket.
The crew capsule will meanwhile descend to Earth with the aid of three parachutes.
Disaster! China can't STOP COPYING SpaceX Rockets, making laugh to Elon...

RELATED VIDEOS

James Webb Space Telescope sees ringed Charilklo asteroid occult star

The James Webb Space Telescope captured asteroid 10199 Chariklo occult the star Gaia DR3 6873519665992128512. It was the "first asteroid found to have a ring system," according to NASA.

Credit: Space.com | NASA, ESA, CSA, Nicolás Morales (IAA/CSIC) | edited by Steve Spaleta (https://twitter.com/stevespaleta)

A Spacecraft Touched The Sun! Why Didn't It Melt?

The Parker Solar Probe created history by becoming the first spacecraft to touch the Sun. It passed through the Sun’s upper atmosphere, known as the corona. Temperatures in the solar corona can soar up to a million degrees Celsius. It’s the hottest region of the solar atmosphere and is about 15 times hotter than the surface of the Sun.

But the critical question is, why didn’t the Parker Solar Probe melt when it touched the Sun? No metal can withstand such high temperatures. So how did Parker manage to survive after plunging into the solar atmosphere? How is it still functioning efficiently after going through such an extreme environment?

The answer is a combination of the physics of the solar corona and the marvelous engineering of Parker.

This Giant Oort Cloud Comet Will Approach Us

Everybody knows what a comet looks like.
Films, snapshots, videos of comets are easily found on the internet, but have you ever seen one of them on a dark night, with your naked eye?
What if I told you that a giant comet, coming from the Oort cloud, is approaching our solar system?

Follow me in this video to get to know more about Comet Bernardinelli-Bernstein, also known as C/2014 UN271.

Which Planet Is Easier To Terraform Mars Or Venus?

Mars and Venus are Earth's two twins, or not?
Venus is a hot where sulfuric acid rains and temperatures melt lead; in contrast, Mars is a cold desert where temperatures can drop to -200°F (-129°C)).
Both worlds are extremely opposite, but... If humanity wanted to move to either of the two in the future, which would be easier to terraform? Are both planets equally optimal for becoming green and blue worlds like Earth?
Let's find out!
Terraforming
This is a hypothetical process aimed at deliberately modifying the atmosphere, temperature, topography, or ecology of a planet or natural satellite to resemble the Earth's environment and make it suitable to host living beings.
The term terraforming itself was first used in 1982, when planetologist Christopher McKay wrote Terraforming Mars, an article for the British Interplanetary Society in which he proposed a method for heating the atmosphere of Mars.
Venus's atmosphere is so dense that its pressure would cru
ars, by contrast, is an icy planet that lost most of its atmosphere, lacking oxygen to breathe.
None of our neighbors within the solar system are incredibly hospitable to living things. However, on the last mission to Mars, the Perseverance rover managed to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) from the Martian atmosphere into a small amount of oxygen for an astronaut to breathe.
This could be the first step, somewhat modest, but hope for future terraforming of the red planet.
For his part, the famous astronomer and science popularizer Carl Sagan, known for the television series Cosmos, proposed the application of planetary engineering on Venus to make it habitable in an article published in the journal Science in 1961.
They planned to seed the atmosphere of the fiery planet with algae, which would be responsible for quickly consuming CO2 from the atmosphere, thus reducing the planet's greenhouse effect and making it friendlier to other forms of life.
It seems that both Mars and Venus are excellent candidates to be terraformed, but what process would we use to achieve this?

Scientists Reveal The Sahara Desert Is Not What We Thought

The Sahara, one of the most challenging areas on Earth, is well known for its vast dune fields. The desert is a fascinating and stunning location that demands discovery. As new methods and technologies are developed in the scientific community, more secrets are being uncovered under the barren sand. Some of these revelations are horrifying and have the potential to rewrite the trajectory of human history fundamentally.

Scientists Find Ancient Scroll That Reveals Something Huge Happened During The Reign Of This Pharaoh

The Floating Combat Remote Dropped from Space

The United States government established the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization during the late stages of the Cold War. Created to render intercontinental atomic warfare obsolete amidst the rising nuclear tensions, the organization sought to create a protective shield that negated an enemy's first-strike advantage.

While the organization was active, several revolutionary concepts were studied, including Brilliant Pebbles.

Conceived as part of a pre-existing concept, the Brilliant Pebbles were small, maneuverable, rocket-powered, laser-equipped vehicle systems that were able to detect, track, and intercept enemy ballistic missiles when placed in orbit.

The idea was to send thousands of pebbles to circle the planet, ready to make an appearance at a moment’s notice. When necessary, the tiny missile interceptors would destroy their prey by smashing into them.

Most experts believed the project was too good to be true, but it soon became the main focus of the entire organization responsible for developing strategic defenses. Not even budget cuts would prevent the Brilliant Pebbles from beginning trials in 1990 and proving everyone wrong…

The Ship That Flew: USS Plainview

In the late 1950’s a new threat emerged from the Soviet Union for which the Americans were seemingly caught off guard. The latest generation of Soviet nuclear-powered submarines could reach incredible speeds. The Alfa-Class submarine under development at the time would eventually be capable of travelling at 41 knots (76 kph/47 mph) while fully submerged. At such speeds, these submarines could follow American fleets while easily evading ASW ships. Large, fast, ocean-going hydrofoils seemed like the answer.

The principle behind a hydrofoil was simple enough; by using water as a medium of flight, much like an airplane uses air, a hydrofoil could ‘fly’ rather than plow through water. Using a set of underwater wing-like structures called foils, these ships could lift out of the water as they accelerated, significantly reducing drag and allowing for much higher speeds and efficiency.

The first practical hydrofoil was demonstrated in 1906 by Italian inventor Enrico Forlanini. In the decades that followed, hydrofoils were progressively refined and in the 1950’s the first passenger hydrofoils were beginning to emerge on rivers and lakes. Almost all of these early hydrofoils used a configuration commonly referred to as ‘surface-piercing’ where the foils operate along the surface of the water. The configuration is dynamically stable and self-correcting as a result of the foil’s shape (typically curved) and the position of the center of gravity in relation to the foil. A major drawback is that operation along the water’s surface makes surface-piercing hydrofoils easily disturbed by waves and rough conditions. Surface-piercing hydrofoils are generally considered unsuitable for open ocean travel.

In the 1950’s the U.S. Navy took significant interest in a second hydrofoil configuration commonly referred to as ‘fully submerged’. Unlike surface-piercing hydrofoils, fully submerged hydrofoils have foils that operate entirely underwater beneath waves. This makes them far more suitable in rough conditions and open water. A major drawback is that they are not dynamically stable and require continual adjustments to the foil angle of attack to vary the lift generated. For decades an automated method of controlling the foils remained elusive.

With new emerging technologies in the 1950's and 1960's, like sophisticated sensors, autopilots and computers, the fully submerged hydrofoil configuration became far more practical. The U.S. Navy saw them as a potentially ground-breaking solution, ideally suited for ASW. Research and development efforts would culminate in a series of prototype ships, the most impressive being the 320-ton USS Plainview.

{ https://www.youtube.com/ }

26-01-2023 om 14:53 geschreven door peter  

Man on Mars moves step closer to reality: NASA announces plans for a nuclear rocket that will slash seven-month travel time

• NASA and DARPA are building a nuclear rocket that is set to be tested in 2027
• This rocket is poised to take humans to Mars, dramatically reducing transit time
• NASA announced 10 new astronauts last month, with some set for Mars 

By STACY LIBERATORE FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

NASA revealed Tuesday it is building a nuclear-powered rocket that could send humans to Mars much faster than the traditional craft - it currently takes seven months to reach the Red Planet.

The American space agency partnered with the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) on the Demonstration Rocket for Agile Cislunar Operations (DRACO) program that will be tested in 2027.

A nuclear thermal rocket (NTR) offers a high thrust-to-weight ratio of around 10,000 times greater than electric propulsion and two-to-five times greater efficiency than in-space chemical propulsion.

The team plans to use previous NTR models to design DRACO, while providing it with a modern touch - the last technology tested on the ground was more than 50 years ago.

NASA and DARPA are working on a nuclear rocket that could take humans to Mars much faster - dramatically reducing the current seven-month journey

The space agency has studied the concept of nuclear thermal propulsion for decades.

This technology introduces heat from a nuclear fission reactor to a hydrogen propellant to provide a thrust believed to be far more efficient than traditional chemical-based rocket engines. 

Along with faster transit, the groups said NTR would reduce the risk for astronauts because they will not be traveling through space as long.

Astronauts who die during Mars mission could be buried on the Red Planet, sent into orbit around its atmosphere - or eaten by other crew members 

21 lives have been lost since the first man climbed into a rocket and jetted off into space 60 years ago, but as space agencies prepare for the first human mission to Mars many are sure the death toll will rise.

That would substantially reduce the time astronauts would be exposed to deep-space radiation and require fewer supplies, such as food and other cargo, during a trip to Mars.

NASA is eyeing the late 2030s for when it will send humans to the Martian world. 

'If we have swifter trips for humans, they are safer trips,' NASA deputy administrator and former astronaut Pam Melroy said Tuesday.

NTR transfers heat from the reactor directly to a gaseous hydrogen propellant. 

Heated hydrogen expands through a nozzle to provide thrust to propel a spacecraft. 

And materials inside the fission reactor must be able to survive temperatures above 4,600 degrees Fahrenheit. 

NASA has had NTR on its radar for more than 60 years and first embarked on the mission in 1961.

This led the then-NASA Marshall Space Flight Center director and rocket pioneer, Wernher von Braun, to advocate for a proposed mission, dispatching a dozen crew members to Mars aboard two rockets. 

Each rocket would be propelled by three Nuclear Engine for Rocket Vehicle Application (NERVA) engines - designs drafted in 1961.

As detailed by von Braun, that expeditionary crew would launch to the Red Planet in November 1981 and land on that distant world in August 1982. 

In presenting his visionary plan in August 1969 to a Space Task Group, von Braun explained that 'although the undertaking of this mission will be a great national challenge, it represents no greater challenge than the commitment made in 1961 to land a man on the moon.'

However, this vision of human boots on Mars ended in 1972 when priorities shifted and space budgets were cut.

A nuclear-powered rocket would substantially reduce the time astronauts would be exposed to deep-space radiation and require fewer supplies, such as food and other cargo, during a trip to Mars

Fast forward to the present, and NASA is back on the path to the Red Planet and has enlisted help from the US government to make it happen.

Dr Stefanie Tompkins, director at DARPA, said in a statement: 'DARPA and NASA have a long history of fruitful collaboration in advancing technologies for our respective goals, from the Saturn V rocket that took humans to the Moon for the first time to robotic servicing and refueling of satellites.

'The space domain is critical to modern commerce, scientific discovery, and national security. 

'The ability to accomplish leap-ahead advances in space technology through the DRACO nuclear thermal rocket program will be essential for more efficiently and quickly transporting material to the Moon and eventually, people to Mars.'

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

25-01-2023 om 22:33 geschreven door peter  

KIJK. NASA wil raket met kernaandrijving ontwikkelen

NASA

• How Magnets Work in Nuclear Fusion | Dennis Whyte and Lex …

• Pentagon announces to launch New Nuclear Thermal Rocket!

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

25-01-2023 om 22:14 geschreven door peter  

Amazing UFO sighting video from Zambia, 2023!

On January 20, 2023, a UFO sighting was reported in Lusaka, Zambia. The sighting was captured on video by a witness who was visibly amazed and confused by what he was seeing. In the video, the witness can be heard asking for a scientific explanation for the strange phenomenon he was witnessing. He also expressed frustration at the lack of interest and understanding from others in the community.

The witness observed four huge bright unknown objects in perfect alignment, which he found to be unusual and unexplained. He questioned the scientific community to provide an explanation for what he was seeing, and expressed disbelief at the alignment of the stars. He also urged others to open their eyes and pay attention to what is happening in the world around them, rather than focusing solely on material pursuits.

This is the first UFO sighting from Zambia that we have posted on Latest-UFO-Sightings.net website since we started this website in 2009. As the website dedicated to UFO sightings, we are always searching for credible and verifiable information from all over the world that can help shed light on this fascinating topic. We will continue to monitor this case and any new developments from Zambia and encourage anyone with information or evidence to come forward.

• You won’t believe what these Trowbridge (UK) residents caught on camera: A UFO 

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

25-01-2023 om 21:11 geschreven door peter  

VIDEO! Bethany Beach UFO Sighting: Bright, Slow Flashing Objects Spotted in Delaware Skies

Residents of Bethany Beach, Delaware were in for a surprise on the evening of January 24th, 2023 when a UFO sighting was reported. The incident occurred around 8:35-8:40pm, when a local resident stepped out on their porch and saw several strange objects in the sky.

According to the witness, the objects were “super bright” and had a “slow, alternating flashing” pattern. They were also distinct from a plane that was seen in the vicinity, leading the witness to believe that they were not of terrestrial origin. The witness also mentioned that this was not the first time strange UFO sightings have been reported in the area.

The sighting could be related to the recent NASA launch from Wallops Island, however, no official statement has been made to confirm or deny this theory. The distance to Wallops Island – NASA’s Launch Pad 0-A is around 50 mi (80 km).

This UFO sighting video and report was submitted to us through our Facebook page – please visit and like it at this link. Your support will help us continue to bring you the most accurate and reliable information on this topic.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

25-01-2023 om 21:02 geschreven door peter  

Sydney’s Latest UFO Sighting: Watch the Video of a Speeding, Maneuvering and Accelerating Unidentified Flying Object!

Residents of Sydney, Australia were recently treated to a spectacular sight when a UFO was spotted and filmed in the city earlier this month. The video, which was published on Twitter, is 13 seconds long and shows the UFO moving at an incredible speed before suddenly stopping and hovering for a few seconds before accelerating away.

Many people are baffled by the sighting, which is one of the latest UFO sightings to be reported around the world. The speed at which the UFO moves is truly spectacular, and it’s difficult to believe that it could be a drone or any other known aircraft.

Although the exact date of the sighting is yet unknown, the video has quickly gone viral on social media and has generated a lot of discussion and speculation about the true nature of the object. Some experts have suggested that it could be a new type of military aircraft, while others believe that it could be an extraterrestrial craft.

• UFO Chase Over Melbourne in Broad Daylight

• Check out more UFO sightings from Australia at this tag!

Whatever the case may be, this latest UFO sighting in Sydney is sure to have people talking for some time to come. The video is available on twitter and can be viewed to appreciate the spectacular speed of the UFO.

LUFOS

@LatestUFOs

Really fast #UFO filmed over #Sydney #Australia earlier this month. Too fast to be a drone? More at https://t.co/LCOMyXPuj2 #ufos #uap #ufosightings #ufovideo https://t.co/cUChLakJbe

10:32 AM · Jan 25, 2023

2

0

RELATED

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

25-01-2023 om 20:54 geschreven door peter  

LATEST UFO SIGHTINGS AND VIDEOS - 25/01/2023

Mars helicopter Ingenuity flies for 40th time, sees rover tracks

NASA's Ingenuity helicopter flew for the 40th time on Jan. 19, 2023. See black & white and color footage along with statistics from the flight. Perseverance rover tracks can be seen.

Full Story: https://www.space.com/mars-helicopter...

Credit: Space.com | footage & graphics: NASA/JPL-Caltech | edited by Steve Spaleta (https://twitter.com/stevespaleta)

Are Space Elevators Possible?

Finally! SpaceX Ships Starship Deluge System to Texas

How SpaceX Crew Dragon DESTROYED Soyuz and Starliner?

How SpaceX Crew Dragon DESTROYED Soyuz and Starliner?
Nearly a decade ago, the business of space changed.
Exactly in 2014, NASA tapped SpaceX and Boeing to build two new human-rated spacecraft, the Crew Dragon and Starliner, respectively. this was intended to end dependence on Russia's Soyuz. Each company would first prove its ship capable of safe flight, then perform as many as six crewed missions to the International Space Station.
From that moment onward, Soyuz, Boeing Starliner, and Crew Dragon capsules have been put on the scale together.
The result?
SpaceX Crew Dragon completely destroy the others.
You ask me why?
Let’s explain:

We can't deny that so far, the International Space Station is still one of the greatest engineering feats humans have designed due to its support for almost every space mission that leaves earth. It is one of a kind for it is one of the few times humanity has come together to build and use an item or station without any fracas.
Since it was launched, hundreds of laboratory researches that have led to understanding space and how humans may survive on other planets have been done.

After all, it’s a football field sized floating laboratory traveling 10 times faster than a bullet, circling the Earth every 90 minutes. It’s taken 33 launches to put all of its pieces into orbit and has been home in space to astronauts from almost 20 countries.

The ISS typically has 6 astronauts onboard. Crews are sent in groups of 3 and usually reside at the station for 6 months. There is typically a 3-month overlap for the existing crew and the newly arriving crew. Since the Space Shuttle program ended in 2011, there’s only been a single ride to the ISS. Russia’s Soyuz vehicle.

Since NASA ended its space-shuttle program in 2011, the agency has relied exclusively on Russia to ferry its astronauts to and from orbit in Soyuz spacecraft. But those seats have gotten increasingly expensive, and the world's space agencies have had no alternative for launching and returning astronauts, even when technical glitches have arisen.
How SpaceX Crew Dragon DESTROYED Soyuz and Starliner?

NASA and DARPA-developed nuclear thermal rocket engine could be tested in few years

NASA administrator Bill Nelson announces that NASA and DARPA will collaborate to develop and demonstrate the Demonstration Rocket for Agile Cislunar Operations (DRACO) spacecraft, which will employ a nuclear thermal rocket engine.

Credit: NASA

Children In Space, Dark Forest, Mars Lava Tubes | Q&A 208

What if two black holes with opposing spin merge? Can we use the Moon's L2 Lagrange point? How habitable are Mars's lava tubes? Can Starships compensate for satellite light pollution? All this and more in this week's episode Q&A with Fraser Cain.

00:00 Start

01:09 [Tatooine] What if two black holes with opposing spin merge?

06:16 [Coruscant] When will the first person be born in space?

10:24 [Hoth] Can we use the Moon's L2 Lagrange point?

15:39 [Naboo] Can a captured planet lurk in the Oort cloud?

18:51 [Kamino] What about the dark forest hypothesis?

23:06 [Bespin] How habitable are Mars lava tubes?

27:15 [Mustafar] Can we use radars to identify asteroids?

29:36 [Alderaan] Can Starships compensate for satellite light pollution?

34:28 [Dagobah] Why does NASA never show us the spacecraft travelling in space?

38:18 [Yavin] Where would I time travel?

Will We Ever Find Planet X?

Today's we're looking at the popular myth of Planet X and seeing if there could be any truth behind the claims of there being a ninth planet.

Did Life on Mars Self-Destruct?

An overview of the possibilities of life on Mars and recent science that suggests that it may have gone extinct by its own doing.

An exploration of time scales and time passage and its relation to the Fermi Paradox as a straightforwards solution.

Very Rare Collision Witnessed 840 Years Ago Created a Super Unusual Nebula

New Discovery That Changed Physics! Gravity Is Not a Force!

In his 1915 General Theory of Relativity, Albert Einstein defined gravity as the bending of space and time. This was the prevailing idea of gravity for the following century. But now, a new theory has been proposed that could change everything we know about gravity. The Digital Gravity Theory proposes that gravity is not a force but rather the product of the topology of space and time.
If this new theory is correct, it could mean a complete overhaul of our understanding of physics. So far, it has been met with a lot of skepticism, but the scientists who proposed it are convinced that it is the right answer. Watch, like and comment on New Discovery That Changed Physics! Gravity Is Not a Force!What do you think? Is this new theory correct, or is it just another crackpot idea?

Credit: NASA, ESA, ESO, SpaceX, Wikipedia, Shutterstock, ...

The technologies that China has are shocking foreign scientists.

The technologies that China has are shocking foreign scientists.

{https://www.youtube.com/}

25-01-2023 om 18:50 geschreven door peter  

HUBBLE SPOT TWEE SAMENSMELTENDE STERRENSTELSELS

Tim Kraaijvanger

Bronmateriaal:

• "Hubble Hunts an Unusual Galaxy" - Hubble

RELATED VIDEOS

{ https://scientias.nl/ }

25-01-2023 om 00:36 geschreven door peter  

NASA's DART spacecraft is due to collide with the smaller body of the Didymos binary asteroid system on Sept. 26th, 2022.

Credit: ESA

BY PAUL M. SUTTER

But through many interactions some of the material can migrate away from the ring and go beyond the Roche limit where it would eventually coalesce. That material that escaped would eventually become the little moon Dimorphos.

The astronomers estimate that Didymos had to lose at least 25% of its mass in order to form Dimorphos in this manner. This model also predicts that Dimorphos will have a very irregular shape because it was built up from the slow accumulation of many smaller objects, which is in line with what we observe. 

While NASA’s DART mission was an overall success, showing that we can conclusively nudge the orbit of an asteroid if we need to, the mission has another side benefit. It helps us explore the complicated, intricate lives of some of the smallest, and most often ignored, objects in the solar system.

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

25-01-2023 om 00:19 geschreven door peter  

Earth’s inner core is made mostly of solid iron, and can rotate separately from the outer parts of the planet.

Credit: Johan Swanepoel/SPL

Thousands of kilometres beneath your feet, Earth’s interior might be doing something very weird. Many scientists think that the inner core spins faster than the rest of the planet — but sometime in the past decade, according to a study, it apparently stopped doing so.

RELATED

Mars’s core has been measured — and it’s surprisingly large

“We were quite surprised,” say Yi Yang and Xiaodong Song, seismologists at Peking University in Beijing who reported the findings today in Nature Geoscience¹.

The results could help to shine light on the many mysteries of the deep Earth, including what part the inner core plays in maintaining the planet’s magnetic field and in affecting the speed of the whole planet’s rotation — and thus the length of a day. But they are just the latest instalment in a long-running effort to explain the inner core’s unusual rotation, and might not be the final word on the matter.

“I keep thinking we’re on the verge of figuring this out,” says John Vidale, a seismologist at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles. “But I’m not sure.”

Mysteries of the deep

Researchers discovered the inner core in 1936, after studying how seismic waves from earthquakes travel through the planet. Changes in the speed of the waves revealed that the planet’s core, which is about 7,000 kilometres wide, consists of a solid centre, made mostly of iron, inside a shell of liquid iron and other elements. As iron from the outer core crystallizes on the surface of the inner core, it changes the density of the outer liquid, driving churning motions that maintain Earth’s magnetic field.

The liquid outer core essentially decouples the 2,400-kilometre-wide inner core from the rest of the planet, so the inner core can spin at its own pace. In 1996, Song and another researcher reported² studying earthquakes that originated in the same region over three decades, and whose energy was detected by the same monitoring station thousands of kilometres away. Since the 1960s, the scientists said, the travel time of seismic waves emanating from those earthquakes had changed, indicating that the inner core rotates faster than the planet’s mantle, the layer just beyond the outer core.

Later studies refined estimates of the rate of that ‘super-rotation’, to conclude that the inner core rotates faster than the mantle by about one-tenth of a degree per year. But not everyone agrees. Other work has suggested that super-rotation happens mostly in distinct periods, such as in the early 2000s, rather than being a continuous, steady phenomenon³. Some scientists even argue that super-rotation does not exist, and that the differences in earthquake travel times are instead caused by physical changes on the surface of the inner core⁴.

Last June, Vidale and Wei Wang, an Earth scientist also at the University of Southern California, threw another spanner into the works. Using data on seismic waves generated by US nuclear test blasts in 1969 and 1971, they reported that between those years, Earth’s inner core had ‘subrotated’, or rotated more slowly than the mantle⁵. Only after 1971, they say, did it speed up and begin to super-rotate.

A rotational shift

Now, Yang and Song say that the inner core has halted its spin relative to the mantle. They studied earthquakes mostly from between 1995 and 2021, and found that the inner core’s super-rotation had stopped around 2009. They observed the change at various points around the globe, which the researchers say confirms it is a true planet-wide phenomenon related to core rotation, and not just a local change on the inner core’s surface.

RELATED

Earth’s magnetic field is acting up and geologists don’t know why

The data hint that the inner core might even be in the process of shifting back towards subrotation. If so, something is probably happening to the magnetic and gravitational forces that drive the inner core’s rotation. Such changes might link the inner core to broader geophysical phenomena such as increases or decreases in the length of a day on Earth.

Still, many questions remain, such as how to reconcile the slow pace of the changes that Yang and Song report with some of the faster changes reported by others. The only way out of the morass is to wait for more earthquakes to happen. A “long history of continuous recording of seismic data is critical for monitoring the motion of the heart of the planet”, say Yang and Song.

“We just have to wait,” Vidale adds.

• doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-00167-1

{ https://www.nature.com/ }

24-01-2023 om 23:55 geschreven door peter  

The amount of dust is measured by the way it causes light from the AGN to shift toward the red end of the spectrum. This effect is known as “reddening,” and the amount of reddening corresponds directly to the amount of dimming. Although scientists have long recognized the possibility that dust dims the light from AGNs, the amount was widely considered negligible. The issue stemmed from the fact that astronomers predicted the amount of reddening based on theories regarding the intrinsic, unreddened colors astronomers should be seeing.

According to the results from this latest research, the amount of obscuring dust may be underestimated, much like the overall brightness of AGNs. The team reached this conclusion by studying the reddening effect of dust in the most well-studied AGN (NGC 5548) using seven different indicators. These included a mean AGN reddening curve, a standard reddening curve of the Milky Way, and the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) curve. In all cases, they found that the reddening of NGC 5548 was about 14 times greater than what is observed in the solar neighborhood due to the small amount of dust.

As Dr. Gaskell explained in a Royal Astronomical Society press release:

“When there are intervening small particles along our line of sight, this makes things behind them look dimmer. We see this at sunset on any clear day when the sun looks fainter. The good agreement between the different indicators of the amount of reddening was a pleasant surprise. It strongly supports simple theories of emission from active galactic nuclei. Exotic explanations of colors are not needed. This makes life simpler for researchers and is speeding up our understanding of what happens as black holes swallow material.”

Artist’s impression of a supermassive black hole and accretion disk.

Credit: ESA/Hubble, ESO, M. Kornmesse

These results show that In the ultraviolet wavelength, where most of their energy is radiated, a typical AGN puts out an order of magnitude more energy than previously thought. Another takeaway is that AGNs are very similar, and what was thought to be fundamental differences in brightness and energy output are actually the result of different amounts of dust. This could have drastic implications for our understanding of galactic formation, evolution, and the role played by SMBHs in both.

Further Reading: 

• Royal Astronomical Society, 
• MNRAS

RELATED VIDEOS, selected and posted by peter2011

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

24-01-2023 om 23:12 geschreven door peter  

As Prof. Davoyan told Universe Today via email, the problem with spacecraft is that they are still beholden to the Rocket Equation:

“All current spacecraft and rockets fly by expanding fuel. The faster the fuel is thrown away, the more efficient is the rocket. However, there is a limited amount fuel that we can carried on board. As a result, the velocity a spacecraft can be accelerated to is limited. This fundamental limit is dictated by the Rocket Equation. The limitations of Rocket Equation translate into a relatively slow and costly space exploration. Such missions as Solar Gravitational Lens are not feasible with current spacecraft.”

The Solar Gravitational Lens (SGL) is a revolutionary proposal that would be the most powerful telescope ever conceived. Examples include the Solar Gravity Lens, which was selected in 2020 for NIAC Phase III development. The concept relies on a phenomenon predicted by Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity known as Gravitational Lensing, where massive objects alter the curvature of spacetime, amplifying the light from objects in the background. This technique allows astronomers to study distant objects with greater resolution and precision.

By positioning a spacecraft at the heliopause (~500 AU from the Sun), astronomers could study exoplanets and distant objects with the resolution of a primary mirror measuring around 100 km (62 mi) in diameter. The challenge is developing a propulsion system that could get the spacecraft to this distance in a reasonable amount of time. To date, the only spacecraft to reach interstellar space have been the Voyager 1 and 2 probes, which launched in 1977 and are currently about 159 and 132 AUs from the Sun (respectively).

When it left the Solar System, the Voyager 1 probe was traveling at a record-breaking velocity of about 17 km/s (38,028 mph), or 3.6 AU a year. Nevertheless, this probe still took 35 years to reach the boundary between the Sun’s solar wind and the interstellar medium (the heliopause). At its current speed, it will take over 40,000 years for Voyager 1 to fly past another star system – AC+79 3888, an obscure star in the constellation Ursa Minor. For this reason, scientists are investigating directed energy (DE) propulsion to accelerate light sails, which could reach another star system in a matter of decades.

As Prof. Davoyan explained, this method offers some distinct advantages but also has its share of drawbacks:

“Laser sailing, unlike conventional spacecraft and rockets, does not require fuel on board to accelerate. Here acceleration comes from a laser pushing the spacecraft by radiation pressure. In principle, near-speed-of-light velocities can be reached with this method. However, laser beams diverge at long distances, meaning that there is only a limited distance range over which a spacecraft can be accelerated. This limitation of laser sailing leads to a need of having exorbitantly high laser powers, gigawatts, and in some proposals, terawatts, or puts a constraint on spacecraft mass.”

Examples of the laser-beam concept include Project Dragonfly, a feasibility study by the Institute for Interstellar Studies (i4is) for a mission that could reach a nearby star system within a century. Then there’s Breakthrough Starshot, which proposes a 100-gigawatt (Gw) laser array that would accelerate gram-scale nanocraft (Starchip). At a maximum velocity of 161 million km (100 million mi) or 20% of the speed of light, Starshot will be able to reach Alpha Centauri in about 20 years. Inspired by these concepts, Prof. Davoyan and his colleagues propose a novel twist on the idea: a pellet-beam concept.

This mission concept could serve as a fast-transit interstellar precursor mission, like Starshot and Dragonfly. But for their purposes, Davoyan and his team examine a pellet-beam system that would propel a ~900 kg (1 U.S. ton) payload to a distance of 500 AU in less than 20 years. Said Davoyan:

“In our case, the beam pushing the spacecraft is made of tiny pellets, hence [we call it] the pellet beam. Each pellet is accelerated to very high velocities by laser ablation, and then the pellets carry their momentum to push the spacecraft. Unlike a laser beam, pellets do not diverge as quickly, allowing us to accelerate a heavier spacecraft. The pellets, being much heavier than photons, carry more momentum and can transfer a higher force to a spacecraft.”

In addition, the small size and low mass of the pellets mean that they can be propelled by relatively low-power laser beams. Overall, Davoyan and his colleagues estimate that a 1-ton spacecraft could be accelerated to velocities of up to ~30 AU a year using a 10-megawatt (Mw) laser beam. For the Phase I effort, they will demonstrate the feasibility of the pellet-beam concept through detailed modeling of the different subsystems and proof-of-concept experiments. They will also explore the utility of the pellet-beam system for interstellar missions that could explore neighboring stars in our lifetimes.

“The pellet beam aims to transform the way deep space is explored by enabling fast transit missions to far-away destinations,” said Davoyan. “With the pellet beam, outer planets can be reached in less than a year, 100 AU in about three years, and solar gravity lens at 500 AU in about 15 years. Importantly, unlike other concepts, the pellet-beam can propel heavy spacecraft (~1 ton), which substantially increases the scope of possible missions.”

If realized, an SGL spacecraft would allow astronomers to directly image neighboring exoplanets (like Proxima b) with multipixel resolution and obtain spectra from their atmospheres. These observations would offer direct evidence of atmospheres, biosignatures, and possibly even technosignatures. In this way, the same technology that lets astronomers directly image exoplanets and study them in extensive detail would also enable interstellar missions to explore them directly.

Further Reading: 

• NASA

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

24-01-2023 om 22:57 geschreven door peter  

This image, which is brimming with stars and dark dust clouds, is a small extract — a mere pinprick — of the full Dark Energy Camera Plane Survey (DECaPS2) of the Milky Way. The new dataset contains a staggering 3.32 billion celestial objects — arguably the largest such catalog so far.

DECaPS2/DOE/FNAL/DECam/CTIO/NOIRLab/NSF/AURA Image processing: M. Zamani & D. de Martin (NSF’s NOIRLab)

BY EVAN GOUGH

Will DECaPS2 make a similar contribution? It might, based on raw data alone.

A new paper in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement describes the new data release. It’s titled “The Dark Energy Camera Plane Survey 2 (DECaPS2): More Sky, Less Bias, and Better Uncertainties.” The lead author is Andrew K. Saydjari, a graduate student at Harvard University and a researcher at the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian.

DECaPS2 contains 3.32 billion objects built from 34 billion detections. The detections are in 21,400 exposures which added up to 260 hours of open shutter time with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) at the Cerro Tololo observatory. Of the 3.32 billion objects, about 2 billion are stars. It took two years and produced over 10 terabytes of data. The first data set was released in 2017, and it contained 2 billion objects, most of which were also stars.

The survey focuses on the galactic disk, where most of the galaxy’s stars and dust are located. But the high density makes the region difficult to observe. The DECam Plane Survey overcomes this by performing “deep photometric surveys spanning a broad wavelength range (optical to NIR).”

“One of the main reasons for the success of DECaPS2 is that we simply pointed at a region with an extraordinarily high density of stars and were careful about identifying sources that appear nearly on top of each other,” said Saydjari. “Doing so allowed us to produce the largest catalogue ever from a single camera, in terms of the number of objects observed.”

The two data releases combined cover 6.5 percent of the night sky and span 130 degrees in length. That’s 13,000 times larger than the area of the full Moon. While 6.5 percent might not sound like a lot, it is. It’s even more impressive when combined with other sky surveys.

“When combined with images from Pan-STARRS 1, DECaPS2 completes a 360-degree panoramic view of the Milky Way’s disk and additionally reaches much fainter stars,” says Edward Schlafly, a researcher at the AURA-managed Space Telescope Science Institute and a co-author of the paper. “With this new survey, we can map the three-dimensional structure of the Milky Way’s stars and dust in unprecedented detail.”

The galactic plane is difficult to observe. We’re embedded in it, and when we look toward the center, we’re looking through our arm of the Milky Way, through the central disk and beyond, into the spiral arms on the other side. It’s not just that there are hundreds of millions of stars—maybe way more—in this view. This is where most of the dust is located, too.

The image shows how beautiful and intriguing the dark lanes of dust are, but they’re also problematic. They absorb light from stars and can even block out faint stars entirely. There are many diffuse nebulae as well, and their light interferes with measurements of light from individual stars. The vast number of stars is also a challenge since they can overlap one another.

But understanding the central disk is critical to understanding the Milky Way. Observing in infrared helps overcome some of the challenges of observing the disk. Innovative data processing also helps. The team behind the survey came up with a way of predicting the background of each star. That made it easier to minimize the effects of overlapping stars and diffuse nebulae in the images.

“This is quite a technical feat. Imagine a group photo of over three billion people, and every single individual is recognizable!” says Debra Fischer, division director of Astronomical Sciences at NSF, one of the agencies that operates DECam. “Astronomers will be poring over this detailed portrait of more than three billion stars in the Milky Way for decades to come. This is a fantastic example of what partnerships across federal agencies can achieve.”

“Since my work on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey two decades ago, I have been looking for a way to make better measurements on top of complex backgrounds,” said Douglas Finkbeiner, a professor at the Center for Astrophysics, co-author of the paper, and principal investigator behind the project. “This work has achieved that and more!”

A century ago, we didn’t even know there were other galaxies. When astronomers saw the Andromeda galaxy and other spiral galaxies, they thought they were part of the Milky Way. They called them spiral nebula. Now we know better. We also know that the Milky Way is 90% dark matter and that the galaxy isn’t flat; it’s warped due to the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds tugging on it. We know that there’s a behemoth black hole lurking in the galactic center called Sagittarius A-star. We also know that galaxies grow so large by consuming and merging with other galaxies.

Large-scale astronomical surveys of the sky helped astronomers make some of these discoveries, and DECaPS promises to propel us to similar advancements. The first data release helped lead to some very interesting findings. One example is a 2018 paper that identified an old, metal-poor globular cluster in the galactic bulge. That was unusual since most globular clusters are in the galactic halo. Now, thanks to DECaPS and others, we know of many more globulars in the bulge.

The second data release will no doubt lead to many more discoveries and a filling-out of our knowledge about the galactic plane. “Combined with PS1, this completes comparable imaging of the entire Galactic plane essential for probing our Galaxy’s stars, gas, and dust,” the authors write. All of the data products from the survey “…should provide a rich, adaptable resource for the community, facilitating a variety of studies of the Milky Way,” they explain.

We’re fortunate because our galaxy, the Milky Way, is a good model for understanding galaxies in general. About half of the stars in the Universe are in galaxies that are quite similar to ours. While nothing can be assumed, it’s a reasonable assertion that much of what DECaPS tells us about the Milky Way will have some bearing on other galaxies.

Astronomers have strived to understand galaxies and how they formed and evolved. The most comprehensive way to study them is to perform large surveys of stars like this one. Who knows what researchers will find in all of this data?

More:

• Press Release: Billions of Celestial Objects Revealed in Gargantuan Survey of the Milky Way
• New Research: The Dark Energy Camera Plane Survey 2 (DECaPS2): More Sky, Less Bias, and Better Uncertainties
• Image Viewer: DECaPS Survey Viewer

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

24-01-2023 om 22:44 geschreven door peter  

Ancient Alien Faces And Artifacts, Archeology At Its Best, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: January 2023

Location of discovery: Mars

Source: 

• https://mars.nasa.gov/raw_images/1159225/?site=msl

Here are some things on Mars, that the NASA rover just passes by without even a second look. The most significant evidence of an intelligent alien species is not a book, not mathematics, not alien technology. Its the actual faces of the aliens we speak about. Here I show you three great detailed faces. Two of them, are side by side, showing statues. One has no hat, the other has a huge crown like hat, showing its importance. This person with the hat, clearly a leader of great importance to this Mars culture. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

24-01-2023 om 22:20 geschreven door peter