Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS NEARLY 13 YEARS AND 4 MONTH.
ON /30/09/2024 MORE THAN 2.230.520
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
The fossil record is filled with strange marine animals that would look like sea monsters if they were alive today.
From the creepiest Cambrian critters to massive marine reptiles, wonderfully weird sea creatures have inhabited our oceans for over half a billion years. We've put together a list of 25 of the strangest ancient sea monsters ever to have lived, all of which went extinct long before humans came along.
The only reason we know that these evolutionary marvels existed is because some left behind fossilized remains in rocks. Modern researchers are still interpreting these fossils and making fresh discoveries all the time, so be sure to keep up with the latest Live Science fossil news.
Plesiosaurs
An artist's depiction of a short-necked plesiosaur attacking a juvenile long-necked plesiosaur. (Image credit: Mark Garlick/Science Photo Library via Getty Images)
Plesiosaurs were a group of marine reptiles with boat-like bodies and four flippers. There were long-necked plesiosaurs (think ancient Loch Ness monster) and short-necked plesiosaurs (imagine a Loch Ness monster with a short neck and a massive head). Plesiosaurs lived from the Triassic period (251.9 million to 201.4 million years ago) until they went extinct alongside the non-avian dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous period (145 million to 66 million years ago). They lived across the world's oceans.
"Not only were these animals odd compared to things that we have alive today, but they were also globally distributed and very, very diverse," Michael Caldwell(opens in new tab), a vertebrate paleontologist at the University of Alberta in Canada, told Live Science.
The long neck of Tanystropheus hydroides may have helped the species sneak up on ocean prey.(Image credit: Spiekman et al., Current Biology (2020))
Tanystropheus hydroides lived in the Tethys Sea off the ancient supercontinent Pangaea, when all of the continents were joined together, during the Triassic period around 242 million years ago. Researchers identified these ancient marine reptiles from bizarre fossils located on what is now the border between Switzerland and Italy. They had weird, broomstick-like necks that stretched to 10 feet (3 meters) in length — three times the length of their torsos.
"Like [long-necked] plesiosaurs, tanystropheids have small heads on the front and these tiny, weird little bodies way behind this gigantic neck," Caldwell said. "They are ungainly and awkward."
Helicoprion
An illustration of two Helicoprion individuals.(Image credit: HYPERSPHERE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY via Getty Images)
Helicoprion, or the "buzz saw sharks," was a group of shark-like fish with a spiral jaw that made their teeth resemble the edge of a buzz saw. They inhabited Earth's oceans from the Devonian period (419.2 million to 358.9 million years ago) to the Triassic period, according to the Australian Museum(opens in new tab). Fossil records indicate that these fish grew up to around 25 feet (7.7 m) long, making them 5 feet (1.5 m) longer than the largest known modern great white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias).
Habelia optata
An artistic reconstruction of the tiny sea predator Habelia optata. Image credit: Joanna Liang/Royal Ontario Museum)
Habelia optata was more of a mini monster, with a body length of up to 1.6 inches (4.1 centimeters). These tiny sea predators had helmet-like heads and creepy mouth appendages for catching and ripping apart their prey. H. optata fossils can be found in British Columbia, Canada, and date back around 505 million years to the Cambrian period (538.8 million to 485.4 million years ago), according to the Royal Ontario Museum(opens in new tab).
Lyrarapax unguispinus
An artist's rendering shows a baby (foreground) and adult Lyrarapax unguispinus hunting the Cambrian seas like the creepy predators they were. (Image credit: Science China Press)
The Cambrian period also saw the reign of a claw-faced sea monster that was totally unlike anything swimming in our oceans today. Lyrarapax unguispinus was one of many bizarre arthropods that lived during the Cambrian period, but even for its time, this species was strange. It grew up to 3.2 feet (1 m) long and had a claw-shaped appendage on the front of its head to grasp prey. This killer arthropod was one of the world's first apex predators.
Mosasaurs
An illustration of two mosasaurs fighting for territory. (Image credit: Mohamad Haghani/Stocktrek Images via Getty Images)
Mosasaurs may not be the strangest animals on this list, but they are certainly worthy of the name "sea monster." Before they fell to the same fate as the nonavian dinosaurs, this group of marine reptiles roamed the world's oceans, chowing down on almost anything that moved, including other mosasaurs. A 2014 study in the journal Proceedings of the Zoological Institute RAS(opens in new tab) estimated that the mosasaur Mosasaurus hoffmanni grew to be around 56 feet (17 m) long.
An illustration of a Placodus species from the placodontid family. (Image credit: Corey Ford/Stocktrek Images via Getty Images)
Placodonts were an order of turtle-like Triassic marine reptiles that lived in what is now Europe, the Middle East and China. Caldwell told Live Science that placodonts "had incredibly bad buck teeth that they could have picked apples through a picket fence with." They used their front teeth to pluck shells and mollusks off reefs or the ocean floor, and they had flat crushing plates at the backs of their mouths for munching.
Sea scorpions
An illustration of a Eurypterid on the seafloor. (Image credit: Aunt_Spray via Getty Images)
Sea scorpions, or eurypterids, were a group of ocean-dwelling arthropods that resembled modern-day scorpions. What made them strange? Well, some were enormous compared with scorpions living today. For example, one eurypterid fossil found in New York is estimated to have come from a sea scorpion larger than a human. Members of this group could exceed 8 feet (2.5 m) in length, according to the Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History(opens in new tab) in Connecticut. Sea scorpions terrorized the seas for more than 200 million years, until they went extinct at the end of the Permian period (298.9 million to 251.9 million years ago).
Saccorhytus coronarius
A 3D digital model of Saccorhytus coronarius. (Image credit: Philip Donoghue et al)
Saccorhytus coronarius was essentially a wrinkly sac with no anus(opens in new tab). These weirdos lived during the Cambrian period around 500 million years ago and are known from microfossils discovered in China. The Minion-like creatures may have spent their days catching prey in seafloor sediment, but researchers' understanding of the animals' lives is limited. They are believed to be related to penis worms and mud dragons.
Ichthyosaurs
A 3D science rendering of ichthyosaurs in the Stenopterygius genus. (Image credit: Dotted Yeti via Shutterstock)
Try to picture a reptilian version of a dolphin, and you won't be far off the appearance of an ichthyosaur. This diverse group of pointed-nose predators evolved to have dolphin- or fish-like bodies, but they looked far more menacing. Ichthyosaurs evolved around 250 million years ago and went extinct around 90 million years ago. While there were ichthyosaur species as small as 1 foot (0.3 m) long, the group was home to several giants in the late Triassic period. In 2018, researchers estimated that a fossilized jawbone from the U.K. belonged to an ichthyosaur that was more than 85 feet (26 m) long, which is nearly the size of a blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus).
Tully monsters
An illustration of a Tully monster (Tullimonstrum gregarium). (Image credit: Stocktrek Images/Getty Images)
The Tully monster (Tullimonstrum gregarium) was a soft-bodied species with primitive eyes on stalks and a long, thin appendage that ended in a claw-like feature. These mysterious creatures were so strange that researchers today have had trouble agreeing on the animals' place on the tree of life. Whatever they were, these monsters hunted in marine coastal environments 300 million years ago and are found only in fossils from Illinois, according to the Illinois State Museum(opens in new tab).
An illustration of two members of Odontochelys semitestacea. (Image credit: Marlene Hill Donnelley, Field Museum)
Odontochelys semitestacea swam in the Triassic coastal waters of what is now China 220 million years ago. The species was one of the first known turtles, but it looked very different from its modern relatives.
"These most ancient turtles have got the chest piece, or the plastron, but they don't have the carapace on the back," Caldwell said. "So, here we have early versions of turtles that are lacking the turtle shell, the carapace, and are still toothed."
Typhloesus wellsi left behind such strange fossils that Simon Conway Morris(opens in new tab), an emeritus professor of paleobiology at the University of Cambridge in the U.K., gave them the nickname "alien goldfish" in a 2005 article published in the journal Astronomy & Geophysics(opens in new tab). Morris joked that they could have been brought to Earth by a visiting intergalactic commodore who grew tired of keeping them as pets and dumped them here during the Carboniferous period (358.9 million to 298.9 million years ago). The species shot a toothy "tongue" out of its gut to catch prey and may have been an early gastropod.
Basilosaurus
An illustration of Basilosaurus. (Image credit: Sebastian Kaulitzki/Science Photo Library via Getty Images)
Basilosaurus swam through the ocean like a giant sea serpent from 37.8 million to 33.9 million years ago, with a slender body that stretched up to 59 feet (18 m) in length. The name Basilosaurus translates to "king lizard" because the researchers who named it mistook the gigantic life-form for a marine reptile, like a mosasaur or ichthyosaur. But the species wasn't a serpent or a lizard; it was a mammal, and a relative of modern whales, according to the University of Michigan's Museum of Paleontology(opens in new tab).
Fanjingshania renovata
A reconstruction of Fanjingshania renovata. (Image credit: ZHANG Heming)
This shark-like fish was heralded as being unlike any vertebrate ever discovered when it was unveiled in 2022. Covered in spiny fins with teeth-like scales and bony armor, Fanjingshania renovata is somewhere between a bony fish and a shark on the fish family tree. It lived in what is now southern China during the Silurian period (443.8 million to 419.2 million years ago).
Submerged Secrets: Sunken Nabatean Temple Discovered Off Italian Coast
Underwater archaeologists searching just off the western Mediterranean coast of the city of Pozzuoli in central Italy discovered the remains of a submerged 2,000-year-old Nabatean temple dedicated to their god Dushara. What they found specifically were two Roman marble altars, which linked the temple to the period when Nabataeans were living freely on the Phlegrean Peninsula 125 miles (200 km) south of Italy’s capital city, in territory fully controlled by the Roman Empire.
The Nabataeans were an Arab tribal group who lived as wandering nomads in the deserts of the Arabian Peninsula in the first few centuries of the first millennium. But once they’d formed enough alliances among themselves to establish their own kingdom, they began to settle down and devote themselves to trade and commerce.
The Nabataean Kingdom formed a voluntary alliance with Rome in the late first century BC, officially launching an association that would last for the next several centuries (although the Nabataeans lost their independence to the Roman Empire in the early second century).
It is known that a thriving community of Nabataeans could be found in the now submerged ancient city of Puteoli, which was located adjacent to modern-day Pozzuoli. During Rome’s Imperial era the Nabataean Kingdom chose to establish a base of operations on the Italian coast, and Puteoli was most attractive to these trade-minded people because it was the largest commercial port in the Roman Mediterranean.
The discovery of the religious complex in the sunken ruins of old Puteoli helps verify that the Nabataeans continued to honor their god Dushara once they’d settled on Roman territory, at least for a time.
The ancient Macellum or market building of the Roman city of Puteoli, where a Nabatean temple has been discovered under the sea.
The Nabataeans first emerged as an identifiable people with an advanced culture between the fourth and second centuries BC. They’d lived in the desert areas of Arabia and the southern Levant for several centuries before this, surviving as an untamed nomadic group that somehow thrived in an impossibly arid environment.
They were known to, and had interactions with, both the Babylonians and the Neo-Assyrian Empire in the first millennium BC. But they were not conquered by either of these kingdoms, protected as they were by an inhospitable desert where others feared to tread.
As they began to increase in population in the third century BC, they formed a loose confederation of various groups that ultimately became the Nabataean Kingdom . This kingdom, which grew prosperous through the vigorous trade networks it created and nurtured in the region, eventually extended its range of control and influence throughout the Arabian and Sinai Peninsulas and deeply into the Levant. Its capital Petra was located in what is now southern Jordan, and that city’s population grew to over 20,000 as a consequence of its development into a major regional trading center.
The Nabataeans were known for their fierceness and determination to remain independent, and they proved to be a tough opponent to defeat in battle. While they initially clashed with the Romans, by the first century AD they’d formed a strong alliance with the Roman Empire, which boosted their commercial prospects and made them more prosperous than ever.
Unfortunately, the Romans proved to be a treacherous ally in the long run. In 106 AD the Roman emperor Trajan sent his armies in to annex all Nabataean Kingdom lands, which he was able to do because the Nabataeans had become less warlike and nomadic, and more settled and focused on agricultural and commercial development, over the past three centuries.
For the first time in 1,000 years, the Nabataean people were no longer independent. Their cultural practices were profoundly impacted by Roman influence from that point on, so much so that they first abandoned their language in favor of Greek, and later rejected Dushara completely when they converted to Christianity.
The Nabateans gained a reputation as a gifted and talented people, with a rich culture and the skills necessary to produce a bounty of attractive goods for trading. Their painted ceramic pottery was especially prized, and was distributed all throughout the region along the trade routes they’d set up. Even after their lands had been seized by Trajan and their kingdom had been turned into the Roman province of Arabia Petraea , the Nabateans continued to dominate trade in the region.
Remains of the Nabatean temple which was discovered underwater in ancient Puteoli.
Puteoli’s Nabatean Temple: A Legacy Discovered Beneath the Sea
The discovery of the Roman marble altars represents the culmination of a joint archaeological research project that began in late 2021. Underwater archaeologists from two universities in Naples (the University of Campania Vanvitelli and Scuola Superiore Meridionale), supported by the Superintendency of Archaeology, Fine Arts and Landscape for the Metropolitan Area of Naples, have now been searching for artifacts from Roman times in the sunken city of Puteoli ever since.
The latest discovery represents their most exciting find yet. “Ancient Puteoli reveals another of its treasures, which testifies to the richness and vastness of commercial, cultural and religious exchanges in the Mediterranean basin in the ancient world,” declared Italy’s Minister of Culture Gennaro Sangiuliano, in an announcement of the discovery of the Nabataean temple put out by his agency.
This is not the first evidence of the Nabataean presence in Puteoli that has been found. In the 18th century, searchers found an altar and two cult bases while exploring the underwater ruins of the submerged city.
On the bases they found an inscription that identified the site as “Holy to Dushara.” This deity was exclusively worshipped by the Nabataeans, which revealed the truth about their presence in the ancient Roman port city. Further confirmation of Nabataean residency was discovered at around the same time, when archaeologists unearthed a large bust of Dushara near Pozzuoli.
Underwater ruins believed to have belonged to a Nabataean temple were initially spotted in aerial photographs taken in the 1970s. But only with this new discovery has it been possible to place the temple at a precise location in the sunken city, showing where exactly people congregated to worship a god that no other people recognized.
In addition to pinning down the true location of the underwater Nabataean temple, the latest explorations have also enabled the identification of other structures dating to Roman times. This includes warehouses, administrative buildings, smaller structures that served unknown purposes and the axes of roads built inside Puteoli. Conceivably, more Nabataean ruins could be located in the same general area. If they are, future explorations will undoubtedly find them.
Top image: Underwater archaeologists during excavations of the sunken Nabatean temple.
What Can Be Done to Help Astronaut Vision in Space? Spaceflight takes a serious toll on the human body. As NASA’s Twin Study demonstrates, long-duration stays in space lead to muscle and bone density loss. There are also notable effects on the cardi
Astronauts Kate Rubins (left) and Jeff Williams (right) looking out of the ISS' cupola at a SpaceX Dragon supply spacecraft. Until recently, the effects of long-duration missions on eyesight was something of a mystery.
What Can Be Done to Help Astronaut Vision in Space?
Spaceflight takes a serious toll on the human body. As NASA’s Twin Study demonstrates, long-duration stays in space lead to muscle and bone density loss. There are also notable effects on the cardiovascular, central nervous, and endocrine systems, as well as changes in gene expression and cognitive function. There’s also visual impairment, known as Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS), which many astronauts reported after spending two months aboard the International Space Station (ISS). This results from increased intracranial pressure that places stress on the optic nerve and leads to temporary blindness.
Researchers are looking for ways to diagnose and treat these issues to prepare for future missions that will involve long-duration stays beyond Earth and transits in deep space. A cross-disciplinary team of researchers led by the University of Western Australia (UWA) has developed a breakthrough method for measuring brain fluid pressure that could reduce the risk of SANS for astronauts on long-duration spaceflights. This research could have applications for the many efforts to create a human presence on t
he Moon in this decade and crewed missions to Mars in the next.
The team was led byWilliam H. Morgan, a Professor of ophthalmology specializing in glaucoma and diabetic/vascular retinopathies. He is also the head of the UWA Centre for Visual Science (COVS) and the Managing Director of the Lions Eye Institute in Perth, Australia. He was joined by researchers from the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), the International Space Centre (ISC), and Murdoch University. The study that describes their findings was published innpj Microgravity, a publication maintained byNature Partner Journals(npj).
Lions Eye Institute Director Professor Bill Morgan in the lab. Credit: UWA
As Prof. Morgan explained in a recent UWA press release, human bodies have evolved to counter the effects of gravity by pushing blood upwards into the head:
“In microgravity, this can lead to an increased average pressure in the cerebrospinal fluid, which adversely affects the retina and deteriorates vision and other important functions. The strength of the pulsations in the tiny veins of the retina should, in principle, depend on the cerebrospinal fluid pressure. All blood vessels experience tiny pulsations coming from the heartbeat.”
Until recently, intracranial pressure could only be measured through a lumbar puncture, a skull burr hole, or other invasive measures that are painful, risky, and difficult to perform in microgravity. For their study, Morgan and his associates used a special eye camera to measure tiny pulsation changes in subjects placed in different positions on a tilt table. This mimicked the effects of variable gravity on the cerebrospinal fluid pressure, simulating what astronauts experience while transitioning to microgravity and back.
According to co-author Danail Obreschkow, an Associate Professor with the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research and the Director of the International Space Centre, their team has developed the first non-invasive method for measuring cerebrospinal fluid pressure changes that can be performed safely in space. These results study could be crucial to overcoming a type of blindness that frequently develops in astronauts on long-duration space flights. Said Obreschkow:
“The so-called Space Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome is one of the most serious risks for astronauts on long-duration flights and one that NASA identified as a significant challenge on future crewed missions to Mars. Tilt table experiments on Earth are the only way of controllably altering the gravitational force upon the human body and allowed us to alter the cerebrospinal fluid pressure in small definite increments It also forced us to develop systems which can be used in any postural position necessitating portable, small handheld devices which are essential if such systems are to be used in space.”
Astronauts on the International Space Station experiencing freefall.
Credit: NASA/ESA
Their findings could also lead to the development of handheld portable devices that could monitor intracranial pressure among astronauts, providing a cost-effective and low-risk means for rapidly diagnosing SANS. It could also lead to the development of new treatments that mitigate the effects and ensure astronauts maintain healthy eyesight during long-term stays in space. This study is part of a larger constellation of research examining the long-term effects on muscle, bone, and organ health that could lead to new treatments that will facilitate human space exploration (and maybe even settlement).
Navigate a Global Image of Mars (If Your Computer Can Handle It)
The Global CTX Mosaic of Mars allows scientists and the public to explore the planet like never before. It includes different layers of data that can be turned on or off, like these labels for named geographic features on the planet. Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS,
Navigate a Global Image of Mars (If Your Computer Can Handle It)
Using data from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), planetary scientists have created one of the most unique and detailed maps of Mars ever. But fair warning, the biggest version of this is a could overload your computer.
Global CTX Mosaic of Mars is the highest-resolution global image of the Red Planet ever created and it even allows you see Mars in 3D.
The map is made of 110,000 images from MRO’s Context Camera (CTX). Stitched together, the map covers almost 270 square feet (25 square meters) of surface *per pixel,* meaning they have developed a mosaic with 5.7 trillion pixels. If you printed it out, it would cover 25 square meters – which is about the size of the Rose Bowl Stadium in Pasadena, California, just down the street from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Caltech, where the new map was generated.
The interactive version lets you zoom in and out from the surface of Mars, revealing ancient river channels, volcanic shield mountains, giant impact craters, and endless dusty dune-covered rocky landscapes. You’ll be lost in it for hours, and you can even trace the journey of rovers across the Red Planet’s surface.
A screenshot from the Global CTX Mosaic of Marsshowing the a portion of Jezero Crater on Mars and the path traveled so far by the Perseverance rover.
The mosaic took six years and tens of thousands of hours to develop. It is so detailed that more than 120 peer-reviewed science papers have already cited a beta version. It was created at Caltech’s Bruce Murray Laboratory for Planetary Visualization, and the developers say the mosaic is also easy enough for anyone to use.
“I wanted something that would be accessible to everyone,” said Jay Dickson, the image processing scientist who led the project and manages the Murray Lab. “Schoolchildren can use this now. My mother, who just turned 78, can use this now. The goal is to lower the barriers for people who are interested in exploring Mars.”
While we’ve writtenmanyarticles about another camera on MRO, HiRISE (the High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment) the CTX, or context imager has had a lower profile for the MRO mission. However, it provides a 6 meter per pixel resolution, better than any other previous camera (except for HiRISE) and over the 17 years of MRO’s time in Mars’ orbit, CTX has imaged nearly all of Mars’ surface, allowing science teams to create detailed maps of Mars.
“For 17 years, MRO has been revealing Mars to us as no one had seen it before,” said the mission’s project scientist, Rich Zurek of JPL. “This mosaic is a wonderful new way to explore some of the imagery that we’ve collected.”
MRO’s Context Camera (CXT) image showing the northern polar sand dunes. Credit: MSSS
While HiRISE imagery provides detailed closeups of Mars, CTX captures wide-area images to provide context for the high resolution images. CTX’s image are in black and white, but with its wide area of coverage, that allows this map to be the highest-resolution global image of the Mars as yet ever created.
JPL said that to create the new mosaic, Dickson developed an algorithm to match images based on the features they captured. He manually stitched together the remaining 13,000 images that the algorithm couldn’t match. The remaining gaps in the mosaic represent parts of Mars that hadn’t been imaged by CTX by the time Dickson started working on this project, or areas obscured by clouds or dust.
Laura Kerber, a Mars scientist at JPL, provided feedback on the new mosaic as it took shape. “I’ve wanted something like this for a long time,” Kerber said. “It’s both a beautiful product of art and also useful for science.”
The Global CTX Mosaic of Mars lets anyone with an internet connection browse the Red Planet. The buttons at the bottom let you jump to notable locations, like Gale Crater and Jezero Crater, areas being explored by NASA’s Curiosity and Perseverance rovers.
Primordial Black Holes May Have “Frozen” the Early Universe
Artist's logarithmic scale conception of the observable universe with the Solar System at the center, inner and outer planets, Kuiper belt, Oort cloud, Alpha Centauri, Perseus Arm, Milky Way galaxy, Andromeda galaxy, nearby galaxies, Cosmic Web, Cosmic microwave radiation and the Big Bang's invisible plasma on the edge.
Primordial Black Holes May Have “Frozen” the Early Universe
Primordial holes formed in the exotic conditions of the big bang may have become their own source of matter and radiation.
The standard story of the early universe goes like this. When our cosmos was incredibly young, it underwent a period of incredibly rapid expansion known as inflation. Then inflation went away and flooded the universe with particles and radiation in the hot big bang. Then the universe expanded and cooled, and as it did so the density of that matter and radiation dropped. Eventually the matter got itself together informed stars, galaxies and clusters .
But new research suggests that this simple story may be missing a key ingredient: primordial black holes. Currently we know of only one guaranteed way to create black holes. That’s through the deaths of massive stars. When they collapse in on themselves at the end of their lives, they reach high enough densities to overwhelm every other force and trigger the formation of a black hole.
But the early universe may have been exotic enough to make black holes in its own way. When inflation ended and the universe began to cool off, it was not a smooth and gentle process. Instead it was incredibly violent, with massive shifts in energy and mass from place to place. It’s possible that pockets of the universe may have spontaneously reached high enough densities to form black holes directly on their own, without having to go through the formation of stars first. These are the so-called primordial black holes.
Cosmological observations already placed severe limits on the number of primordial black holes that could inhabit the early universe. But there is still room for them to exist. And a team of researchers have put together a paper exploring an unexpected consequence of the formation of these primordial black holes.
We know from the work of Stephen Hawking that black holes are not entirely black. They actually glow a little bit through an exotic quantum process known as Hawking radiation. For normal-sized black holes this is a very inefficient process. A typical black hole will only emit one particle of radiation every year or so. But smaller black holes emit much more radiation.
If the primordial black holes were small enough, then they would evaporate completely while the universe was still in its infant stages, leaving no trace of their existence behind. But the researchers found that this leads to a curious situation. As these primordial black holes evaporated they released their own floods of radiation and matter.
Despite the expansion of the universe, if enough primordial black holes evaporated then the density of matter and radiation could stay constant. This would lead to a an extended black hole-based big bang scenario.
Eventually all the primordial black holes would go away and the rest of cosmological history would go on without them. But they would leave their mark. The changes in matter and radiation density can potentially have long-lasting impacts that we could detect even to the present day. And the evaporation of primordial black holes themselves trigger the formation of gravitational waves, which might linger still today.
We may not ever find direct evidence for primordial black holes, but the researchers have found that we may find their subtle fingerprints throughout the universe.
The Unending Enigma: A Closer Look at Recent UFO Sightings
The Unending Enigma: A Closer Look at Recent UFO Sightings
The topic of UFO sightings has captivated the imagination of people worldwide for decades. Recently, with the growing availability of technology and the internet, sightings and experiences have been shared more frequently and openly than ever before. As a result, the discussion surrounding the existence of unidentified flying objects and the possibility of extraterrestrial life has gained significant momentum.
One particularly intriguing case involves an individual in Australia who captured a UFO on video. According to the source, this individual had multiple encounters with the unknown phenomenon, with each sighting varying in the type of object observed. The video in question appears to show a clear and compelling image of what could be a spacecraft. These experiences have had a profound impact on the individual’s life, with negative events such as car breakdowns, phone hacking, and being followed by suspicious vehicles occurring since the sightings.
This case is not an isolated incident, as numerous individuals have reported similar sightings and experiences around the world. Experts in the field, such as Ted Roe, the co-founder of NARCAP, have been investigating these encounters and working to raise awareness of the potential existence of non-human intelligence. Roe, who has had multiple encounters with UFOs himself, emphasizes the importance of remaining open-minded and considering the possibility of other forms of intelligence that may be far beyond our current level of understanding.
As these reports of UFO sightings continue to surface, collaboration between researchers and reporting groups is essential. By working together, experts can compare data, investigate sightings from various angles, and potentially reach a better understanding of these enigmatic phenomena. An ideal outcome would involve coordination between European and U.S. reporting groups, as well as fostering communication between countries and the United Nations to contribute to the body of knowledge surrounding this important issue.
The question of whether we are alone in the universe remains unanswered, but the increasing number of UFO sightings and personal accounts of encounters with unknown phenomena suggests that this enigma is far from being solved. As researchers continue to investigate and debate these sightings, one thing is certain: the interest in UFOs and the possibility of extraterrestrial life is not waning anytime soon.
Bryan chats with one of the foremost journalists on UFOs Leslie Kean, about what our government knows, mass sightings, what can travel at 13,000 MPH and what's inside of Area 51.
Dr. Steven Greer - Mystery Behind UFO / UAPs, Alien Phenomenon, and The Secret Government | SRS #048
Steven M. Greer, MD, a retired emergency room Physician turned to a life of research of UFO/UAP Phenomenons, is the Founder of The Disclosure Project, The Center for the Study of Extraterrestrial Intelligence (CSETI), The Orion Project, Sirius Technology Advanced Research, LLC and is considered one of the world’s foremost authorities on all things UFO / UAP.
In this episode, Dr. Greer lays out exactly how nearly a century of information and discovery of Extraterrestrial life and technology have been hidden from the public and shrouded under a veil of dark money and secrecy. Greer explains the inner-workings of a global government that goes beyond the world's most elite intelligence agencies and infiltrated the circles of pop culture icons like Marilyn Monroe and JFK.
Viruses from Mars, Asteroid Landing, Stars Colliding | Q&A 219
What are the risks of returning samples from Mars? What happens if you bring two stars together? Which galaxies can be seen with the naked eye? What is the system behind naming stars and exoplanets? All this and more in this week's Q&A!
Not of This Earth: Were There Unidentified Orbiting Objects in 1950? With Beatriz Villarroel
There were nine transient objects orbiting Earth in 1950, seven years before the first ever satellite. Beatrriz Villarroel joins John Michael Godier to discuss this mystery.
Do We Share Earth With Someone Else? With Garry Nolan
Garry Nolan is a professor in the Department of Pathology at Stanford University School of Medicine. His areas of research include hematopoiesis, cancer and leukemia, autoimmunity and inflammation. Most recently he has studied meta materials and cases related to ufo encounters.
The Big UFO Stories of 2022, and Looking Ahead at 2023 With RYAN SPRAGUE | TALKING STRANGE
2022 was a big year in the world of UFO / UAP, and 2023 is already shaping up to be even bigger, and author/host Ryan Sprague of “Somewhere in the Skies” is ready to discuss the “Year of Science” of phenomena. From a Congressional open hearing on phenomena, to the establishment of two investigation bodies from the Department of Defense as well as NASA, and a defense authorization act to examine UFO cases going back to 1945, 2022 was huge. But already, 2023 is has included a U.S. representative claiming there is a UFO cover-up, footage emerging of a metallic sphere in Iraq, and new information about the “Roswell before Roswell” case from 1945.
Ryan Sprague joins host Aaron Sagers (28 Days Haunted, Paranormal Caught on Camera) for a new episode of the paranormal pop culture show Talking Strange to discuss it all.
Ryan Sprague is a regular on Ancient Aliens (History Channel) and Beyond the Unknown (Travel Channel). He is also a lead investigator and co-host of Mysteries Decoded (CW Network). He is the author of Somewhere in the Skies: A Human Approach to the UFO Phenomenon , which was recently implemented into required reading for college courses at Webster University and Mercyhurst University. The book also hit #1 on the Best-Seller’s list on Amazon in 2021. He is the creator and host of the Somewhere in the Skies podcast which hit #1 on Apple Podcasts in 2019. Sprague’s research finds him interviewing witnesses, scientists, military personnel, and intelligence officials directly on UFOs, writing for defense and science news site, The Debrief. Speaking on UFOs, he has been featured on ABC News, Fox News, and 7News Australia. He has consulted for Amblin Entertainment and has been featured in Newsweek, The NY Post, and VICE.
Tracking UFOs over North America with Harvard's Amir Siraj
Tracking the recently shot down UFO backwards to possible points of origin with Amir Siraj.
Jeremy Corbell Debunks Media LIES On UFO Shootdowns | Breaking Points
Krystal and Saagar welcome Jeremy Corbell to the show to break down all the chaos over the last few days with UFO's in American airspace.
Is Our Understanding of Life Wrong? With Dr. Janusz Petkowski
Our understanding of how life starts is incomplete. Could solvents other than water lead to life? Janusz Petkowski joins John Michael Godier to discuss why life could exist on planets like Venus or moons like Titan.
Ancient Aliens: TOP 10 ALIEN ENCOUNTERS OF 2022
Check out these groundbreaking extraterrestrial moments from 2022, in this Ancient Aliens compilation.
Brian Cox - Alien Life & The Dark Forest Hypothesis
The renowned physicist and science communicator, Brian Cox delves into the topic of alien life and in particular, the question about intelligent alien civilization. With his trademark enthusiasm and engaging style, Brian Cox explores the possibility of extraterrestrial life and why we haven't found any.
The video starts with a brief overview of what Brian Cox & astronomers call: "The Great Silence". Cox then goes on to explain the Fermi Paradox and the Dark Forest Hypothesis, which suggest that intelligent life may be intentionally avoiding contact with other civilizations to avoid being destroyed.
Cox uses his expertise in physics and astronomy to explain how alien life may be closer than we think. Like on the surface of the red planet, Mars. He discusses the potential for life to exist in other planets because there are at least 20 billion other earth like planets in our galaxy alone.
Throughout the video, Cox provides easy-to-understand explanations, making complex scientific concepts accessible to a broad audience.
Whether you're a science enthusiast or simply curious about the possibility of life beyond Earth, Brian Cox's insights and knowledge are sure to captivate and inform. Don't miss out on this thought-provoking and entertaining exploration of the universe and our place within it.
Triangle UFOs 'from parallel universe' and have own intelligence says aircraft designer
Triangle UFOs 'from parallel universe' and have own intelligence says aircraft designer
EXCLUSIVE: As the US military takes UFO reports ever more seriously, one British man who has encountered a huge unexplained aircraft 'the size of a house' is examining alien encounters here in the UK
Colin thinks the craft could be not just from another planet, but from another universe entirely(Image: Colin Saunders)
A British man who worked for many years as an aircraft designer says he has seenUFOsover the UK that he believes could be piloted by creatures from another dimension.
Colin Saunders had his own encounter with a triangular UFO “about the size of a house “ in 1999, and the experience changed his life. First he saw its lights, and then the mystery craft “de-cloaked” in front of him.
The fact that the mystery craft seem to have some type of invisibility technology raises the possibility that the unexplained black triangles are hovering unseen above us more often than we think.
“I believe they can be flying around the globe totally invisible to us right at this moment,” Colin told the Daily Star.
Based on witnesses' descriptions, Colin has made a scale model of the mystery craft
(Image: Colin Saunders)
While Colin’s new book 'Triangular UFOs of the United Kingdom' focuses specifically on wedge-shaped phenomena, he says that other unexplained objects seen in our skies could be representatives from different alien races.
He said: “I think Triangles, Saucers, Cigars and Tic-Tac [UFOs] are all the same or similar phenomena,” Colin said, adding “I'm sure they must be aware of each other.
“Whether different species fly different craft I do not know but small grey aliens seem to feature in many sightings of different craft.
“But,” he added, “they may just be biological robots”.
The strange craft could be flying above us right now, using advanced stealth tech to go undetected
(Image: Getty Images)
Colin’s experience has led to a deep fascination with these strange phenomena and their possible explanation, and he has interviewed dozens of people about their own experiences with them.
He’s unconvinced by suggestions that the flying objects seen in the skies over Europe could be experimental stealth aircraft.
“I have worked in the aircraft industry as a designer and I have never witnessed anything like this before,” he says.
He points out that he has researched well over a hundred sightings of these craft and they all appear to be very different from each other.
Colin added: “It’s wouldn’t make sense to build a black budget craft and keep changing the design on each one.
“Plus would the military fly around sometimes over rooftops with a secret aircraft? I think they would probably test in Area 51 rather than the UK countryside."
Colin's new book, due out next month, is already selling well on Amazon(Image: Colin Saunders)
He does concede, though, that some modern military aircraft, such as the USAF’s iconic B2 Spirit stealth bomber, could be in part based on reverse-engineered alien technology.
And, whatever they are, they aren’t simple optical illusions either. For his book, Colin interviewed a few UFO contactees who had actually touched one of the ships:
One of them, Charles Bee describes how the “huge” object blotted out the stars as it glided silently above him.
As he stood transfixed on a hill, the craft came within a “few feet of him,” he said, and he could see black channels etched into its underside, which he speculates may have been some sort of “docking mechanism”.
Some witnesses claim to have even touched the craft(Image: Getty Images/Science Photo Library RF)
It seemed to be made of a slate or graphite material,” Charles recalled. “Very dark-grey and a smooth matt texture. I could feel the presence in my whole body and a dental implant was vibrating in my mouth.
“I could see the channels covered the underside of the craft: they are probably six feet across and of a similar depth.
“I raised my hand and touched part of the craft’s body between the channels. I was terrified and even thought it could harm me but did it anyway. I brushed my fingers over it and then put my entire palm on it. It felt like a hard, kitchen worktop with a matte finish, but it was not cold”.
Colin's book covers over 130 first hand UK witness accounts of close encounters with triangular craft, including 'missing time' and men in black(Image: Colin Saunders)
Despite the UFO phenomenon being taken increasingly seriously by the US military, there’s still no definitive explanation for what people across the world are experiencing.
“My own feeling is that these craft are inter-dimensional,” says Colin. “Like a parallel world running alongside our own."
They are crewed by beings from this other universe, Colin claims, but may also have some intelligence of their own.
He added: “I believe the majority of the larger craft will be manned but one suspects the smaller tic tac types may well be remotely controlled.
“I have to say ‘our’ craft looked like it was alive even though it was clearly manufactured, perhaps having an intelligence of its own”.
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As a cosmic photographer, NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has taken over a million snapshots documenting the universe.
These images illustrate, explain, and inspire us with their grandeur. But how are those images taken and processed? This incredible video explains the answer to that question.
Since its launch in 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope has made more than one million observations of the cosmos, broadening humanity's knowledge of the cosmos almost immeasurably.
The somewhat amorphous spiral galaxy UGC 2890 appears side-on in this image from the Hubble Space Telescope, with bright foreground stars studding the image. This galaxy, which lies around 30 million light-years away in the constellation Camelopardalis, hosted a powerful supernova explosion that astronomers observed in 2009.
Yet Hubble doesn't see the universe as we do. The telescope views the cosmos across a broad range of light wavelengths, some of which our eyes are incapable of seeing.
If we looked out across space with our own eyes, not only would we not see much of what Hubble sees, but a great deal of what we do see would look very different from the images delivered to us by the iconic space telescope.
So how is the data this pioneering space telescope collects turned into stunning visuals that we can see, understand and marvel at, and how much of this imagery is "real?"
Hubble has two primary camera systems, according to NASA, which the telescope uses to observe the universe from its position roughly 332 miles (535 kilometers) above Earth's surface.
Working in unison, the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) and the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) are able to provide astronomers with wide-field imaging over a broad range of wavelengths. Both camera systems were installed on Hubble by spacewalking astronauts after the observatory's April 1990 launch aboard the space shuttle Discovery.
ACS joined Hubble in 2002 and was designed primarily for wide-field imagery in visible wavelengths. The ACS system is composed of three cameras or "channels" that capture different types of images, allowing Hubble to perform surveys and broad imaging campaigns.
Two of those channels became inoperable in 2007 due to an electronics failure. Astronauts were able to repair one of the cameras two years later, restoring the ability of ACS to take high-resolution, wide-field pictures.
That 2009 repair was performed during Hubble's Servicing Mission 4, which also installed the WFC3 system, now the telescope's main imager.
Hubble had cameras prior to the installation of these instruments, of course. The space telescope's previous cameras include the Wide Field and Planetary Camera, the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2, the High-Speed Photometer and the Faint Object Camera.
Other observational devices among Hubble's total of six instruments are its two spectrometers, the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS), and the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS).
The spectrometers break light down so its component parts can be seen. Because elements and chemicals emit and absorb light at characteristic wavelengths, Hubble allows astronomers to learn about the composition of the objects it observes.
One of the advantages that Hubble has as it zooms around Earth about 15 times each day is that it can pick up wavelengths of light that would normally be absorbed by our planet's atmosphere. As a result, the telescope's 7.8-foot-wide (2.4 meters) primary mirror collects an immense amount of light across a wide range of wavelengths that ground telescopes can't see and curves it toward the telescope's instruments and cameras.
Hubble's cameras can see the universe from the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum through visible light wavelengths all the way up to ultraviolet light.
The primary capabilities of the telescope are in the ultraviolet and visible parts of the spectrum from 100 to 800 nanometers, though the telescope can also see light with wavelengths as long as 2,500 nanometers.
ACS is used predominantly to collect light in visible wavelengths but is also capable of seeing ultraviolet and near-infrared light. Meanwhile, WFC3 provides wide-field imagery in ultraviolet, visible and infrared light.
While the STIS spectrometer works with a broad range of wavelengths, COS focuses exclusively on ultraviolet light and is considered the most sensitive ultraviolet spectrograph ever built.
COS has boosted Hubble's sensitivity by a factor of at least 10 in the ultraviolet spectrum, resulting in a net 70-times sensitivity boost when looking at very faint objects, mission team members say.
Why does Hubble take pictures in so many wavelengths?
Hubble sees the universe in many different "shades of gray." Viewing the cosmos in what to us looks like monochrome, Hubble is capable of highlighting subtle differences in the intensity of light at different wavelengths, which helps scientists understand physical processes and the composition of objects.
Observing ultraviolet light is especially useful when Hubble is looking at extremely faint objects and single points of light, like stars and quasars. Seeing in infrared, on the other hand, is vital for the examination of very distant objects that existed in the early history of the universe.
This is because, as light travels from these faraway objects, the expansion of the universe "stretches" its wavelengths. This process is called "redshifting," because longer wavelengths of light in the visible spectrum are red (compared to blue at the shorter end).
The longer this light has been traversing the universe, the more extreme the redshift of its wavelength. This means that ancient objects that emitted visible light are now better seen in long-wavelength infrared light.
Hubble's ability to study such stretched light from early stars has allowed scientists to better constrain the age of the universe, to around 13.8 billion years. The capability to see early galaxies and stars has also massively increased our understanding of how the universe has evolved since its early epochs.
The earliest and most distant object Hubble has been able to image thus far is the highly redshifted galaxy GN-z11, which is located about 13.4 billion light-years away.
From a sheerly practical angle, the ability to see in a wide range of wavelengths means that Hubble is useful to a broad spectrum of researchers working to observe a massive cornucopia of cosmic objects and events.
The wider range of wavelengths that Hubble can observe also means that it won't be replaced by NASA's new James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Despite being the most powerful telescope humanity has ever put into orbit, JWST is mostly limited to highly detailed observations in infrared light, with Hubble seeing less clearly but over a much wider spread of the electromagnetic spectrum. This ultimately means that JWST and Hubble make an excellent team observing the cosmos.
How 'real' are Hubble's photos? What would we see?
Human eyes only see a small fraction of the electromagnetic spectrum that slots between infrared light and ultraviolet light, from about 380 to 700 nanometers. So, most raw images produced by Hubble look black and white to us.
By the time Hubble images reach publications such as Space.com, they have been processed, with colors added to them. The colorization of Hubble's "raw" grayscale images isn't for purely aesthetic reasons, however. Nor is it done arbitrarily.
Some images show "true" colors, while others feature hues that are assigned to represent wavelengths of light that human eyes can't see. These color composite images are generally created by combining exposures captured by Hubble using different filters.
A different color is assigned to each filter, with that color corresponding to the wavelength the filter allows through. So, the long-wavelength filter image is represented in the composite by red, the medium wavelengths by green and the shortest wavelengths by blue.
In some cases, colors might be added to Hubble photos to represent specific chemical elements present in or around the imaged object. Such color processing can reveal a wealth of scientific information that isn't present in grayscale raw images from Hubble.
Images are also processed to remove imperfections and effects that don't come from the objects being observed by Hubble. These undesired features could be the result of aging sensors causing "dead pixels" in images or the dynamic environment of space. For instance, Hubble images can be streaked by lines of bright light caused by passing asteroids, satellites or even flashing cosmic rays. The Hubble team often removes such distractions before releasing an image to the public.
In addition, larger mosaics made of many Hubble images stitched together must have gaps removed to create a single unified image. Hubble image processors also have to decide how to orient images, as there is no actual "up" or "down" in space.
The processing of Hubble images is an intricate and time-consuming procedure. Even simple Hubble photos can take days to process, while large complex mosaics of multiple images can take months, NASA says.
Additional information
If you want to see what Hubble images look like before they undergo processing, a database of "raw images" is available at the Hubble Legacy Archive.
If you'd like to learn more about the electromagnetic spectrum, NASA's Imagine the Universe page has a great concise explanation.
The Accidental Truth, a new UFO documentary being released on April 18, 2023.
The Accidental Truth, a new UFO documentary being released onApril 18, 2023
Here’s the first trailer released by 1091 Distribution. More related content will be dropping into the playlist below, so check back often!
Nick POPE : "Excitement is building about The Accidental Truth, a new UFO documentary being released on April 18. I'm in it, as are Lue Elizondo, Chris Mellon, Rep. Tim Burchett, Dr. Michio Kaku, Dr. Garry Nolan, Col. John Alexander, Ralph Blumenthal and many more."
The truth can no longer be contained by those duty-bound to hide it.
What if there was one film that will bring a mainstream audience up to speed on the modern UFO Reality?
Now there is. “Accidental Truth – UFO Revelations” pulls no punches.
Officials who interact with the public regarding the UFO question openly acknowledge that they know things that they can’t reveal. In “Accidental Truth,” the reality of an advanced intelligence engaging humanity becomes undeniably clear.
You will witness revelations on UFOs / UAPs from government insiders that have never been previously shared with the public. From many years of interviews and investigation, Ron James painstakingly connects the dots.
Colonel John Alexander, Lue Elizondo, Christopher Mellon, Nick Pope, Dr. Garry Nolan, Ralph Blumenthal, Congressman Tim Burchett and others help to “accidentally” weave a story that leaves no doubt that another intelligence is somehow operating around us, above us in our atmosphere, beneath our seas and in outer space. Decades of official denial and debunking are irrevocably put to rest in what is being called “one of the best UFO films of all time”.
Dr. Michio Kaku provides scientific analysis and commentary specific to what we know. Never before has a world-class scientist weighed in so deeply on the topic. Until now. A collection of contributors from across the field all come together to settle the question. The subject is no longer up for debate. You will experience the proof. The acknowledgement of another advanced intelligence is only the beginning.
This irrefutable truth creates more questions than you can possibly imagine.
“Accidental Truth – UFO Revelations” is being called “a masterpiece” and “one of the best UFO documentaries of all time” by early reviewers. It has been accepted into 12 film festivals so far and won 7 awards. It comes out on April 18, 2023.
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Get the SWAG! Although the film is done, we still need your help. Our animation team is in the Ukraine. Despite the war, the guys kept working as best they could. They endured power outages, defense deployments, missile flying over their homes, and still managed to deliver some of the best custom animation ever in an independent UFO Documentary.
Both team members lost equipment due to missile attacks and power fluctuations. They need new computers and additional support.
A portion of the proceeds from our SWAG sales will go to getting this done for them.
The “Accidental Truth” collection is coming online. We are adding new merch daily. Our movie poster art is really cool and people are loving the T-shirts! The shirts are 100% Soft ringspun Gildan Cotton. You’ll love yours! FREE SHIPPING IN THE US! Get your SWAG now and we’ll throw in a free month of access to MUFON TV. You’ll also get access to the “Accidental Truth Insider” section, where deeper interviews and extra material will be found.
The Cast:
Congressman Tim Burchett Ralph Blumenthal Lue Elizondo Dr. Michio Kaku Dr. Garry Nolan Col. John Alexander Christopher Mellon Richard Dolan Dave MacDonald Nick Pope Paul Hynek Don Schmitt Mike Bara Katie Griboski (Paige) Melinda Leslie Elizabeth April Cheryll Jones Danny Sheehan Jimmy Church Richard Lang James Fox Ron James
There has been a rise in the number of reported UFO sightings across many places in the United States since 2020. Moreover, officials have expressed concerns regarding the repeated occurrence of UFO sightings over military bases. Is there any possibility that these UFOs are controlling military actions?
Not so long ago, former US Air Force Captain Robert Salas claimed that UFOs are real and interfere in the military’s nuclear program. Additionally, former head of AATIP Luis Elizondo revealed that the U.S. Military created environments to attract UFOs to study them. He noted that there was much data that showed UFOs are interested in nuclear activities and the latest weaponry systems.
The UFO activity over US army bases has been observed since 1948, with the majority of incidents occurring at Malmstrom, Minot, F.E. Warren, Ellsworth, Vandenberg, and Walker AFBs between 1963 and 1996. Other sources stationed at Wurtsmith and Loring AFBs, where B-52 nuclear bombers were based during the Cold War era, also reported incidents.
In 1967, Captain Salas was stationed at Malmstrom Air Force Base in Montana, when he received reports of a red glowing object hovering outside the front gate of the base. A security guard reported that the object had a saucer shape and was constantly hovering near the front gate.
At the same time, the missile system suffered a complete failure, with ten intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs) going offline due to a “No-Go” (inoperable) condition, which caused several alarms to go off. After investigating the incident, a team of engineers from Boeing could not find any significant failures, engineering data, or findings that would explain how the missiles had been knocked off alert.
The cause of the failure remains unknown, but it was suggested that it could have been due to an electromagnetic pulse (EMP) sent from an unknown source. Despite the severity of the situation, Salas believed that the UFO did not have hostile intentions because it could have caused permanent damage to the weapons system if it wanted to.
The incident was reported by a UFO researcher Robert L. Hastings, who collected information from various army personnel, including Staff Sgt. Louis D. Kenneweg, Airman 1st Class David Hughes, Staff Sgt. Joseph M. Chassey, and Lt. Col. Robert Peisher (USAF Ret.) in his 30 years of investigation.
A similar attraction of UFOs toward nuclear bases was noticed in Canada as well. A report from Winnipeg reveals that over 200 years, there have been 2,000 UFO sightings reported in the Canadian province of Manitoba.
In the mid-1970s, there were numerous UFO sightings all along the US-Canadian border, with Manitoba being one of the places where a large number of sightings occurred. These sightings included a high number of cattle mutilations and were often seen over restricted areas where nuclear activities were conducted.
Chris A. Rutkowski, a Canadian UFO researcher, has studied UFO sightings in Canada for over 25 years and concluded that Manitoba has a long history of close encounters with aliens. His UFO research, which contains 30,000 reports, has been donated to the University of Manitoba.
In 2017, author Grant Cameron published a book entitled “Charlie Red Star: True Reports of One of North America’s Biggest UFO Sightings,” in which he described in detail the largest UFO sightings in history witnessed by Manitobans. The province was stunned by the object known as “Charlie’s Red Star,” which was seen almost every night in 1975.
Cameron claims that Manitoba UFO sightings have connections to nuclear weapons because 35 years later, he found out that the government secretly installed nuclear missiles and other weapons in restricted areas just south of the border. He believes that the sightings stopped after the missiles had been removed in November. The author thinks that the nuclear technology that humans possess could be created after extraterrestrial contact. (click here to read the full article)
Strange Occurrences Near Nuclear Bases
The Reddit user “BumblebeeExpensive” claimed to have worked at a now-closed nuclear weapons storage depot in Nevada for six years and shared various strange occurrences. “When people say UFOs are attracted to nukes, they are telling the truth. But so much more goes on,” the user writes. (Source)
The user claimed to have seen a ball of light triggering a sensor on the fence line, causing security to respond and witnessed three mutilated donkeys that were dropped off out of nowhere with various organs removed. The user also claimed to have witnessed a figure on the roof of a structure. He writes it was “30 meters from me and 14 other personnel. I took a spotlight and shined it up there and as soon as the light hit the figure it disappeared – we all saw it happen.”
“I heard a man laughing maniacally once, nothing there. Sweep with night vision and thermals revealed nothing, three other witnesses. We wrote it off as the ‘laughing Colonel,’ an urban legend passed down by the security personnel for ages.”
The user and his partner also heard a soft cooing sound coming from a hot pad loaded with 500 lbs bombs, seemingly luring them past the pad and into the pitch-black desert, but they did not pursue. Dur ing a training exercise, their machine gun overwatch team spotted two figures on thermals in the desert behind them, but their sweep revealed nothing.
The user claimed to have experienced the weirdest event when they were responding to a truck approaching on the side of a nearby mountain. They visually confirmed the truck on NVGs, but suddenly the headlights disappeared, and they believed the occupants had turned them off and were then approaching on foot. They called for K9 and moved to a blocking position where they waited for ten minutes, but their radios died, and they were out of contact for twice as long as they thought.
“We are there for about ten minutes when one by one patrol members overwatching us from high points on the inside call in lights appearing at our 12, 3, and 9 o’clock- in effect flanking us (with fence line about 300 meters behind us). We see and hear nothing, not even on NVGs or thermals, dog never reacts. Suddenly panicked patrol calls in that the lights are ‘rushing’ us. We are already locked and loaded, I tell my partner to put a grenade in the tube. Nothing happens, dog never indicates. Our radios die and after ten minutes we hike back to fence line only to discover we were out of contact for twice as long as I thought we were. Very paraphrased event cuz on phone, but our radios only started working when we were back at fence line.”
The user claimed that those events, combined with the belief that UFOs are attracted to nukes. He says: “There’s more but these were the highlights or events I’m allowed to speak about. The world is not as normal as you believe it is.”
Many other users found the same story in the video published on “The Infographics Show” YouTube channel in 2020 and began doubting BumblebeeExpensive if he copied the story. But the user later clarified that was his story and added that he is the lead writer of the show. He also claimed to be the writer of the “100-day survival series” on the channel.
Haha. Nope, that's my story. I'm the lead writer of the show and when the topic came up I was like huh, I've got my own, I'll do this one.
If you follow the channel I also write the 100 day survival series and a lot of the character names in there are guys I served with at this facility and still stay in touch with. Kind of an easter egg between us.
“There’s things I can’t talk about as I signed a 30-year non-disclosure contract with pretty stiff penalties- but I’ll say this: I know people think that there’s these big conspiracies with the government hiding knowledge of this or knowledge of that. Truth is, yes there are big secrets. But overwhelmingly, the government isn’t actively hiding knowledge of this or that- it’s literally just ignoring it because it can’t do anything about it or it doesn’t pose a threat. It does spend some time and effort investigating it- you can see that there’s a greatly increased effort to investigate UAPs now. But the truth is that a long time ago a choice was made about certain things: do they affect national security, or could we stop it if it did? If the answer is no, we’ve got bigger or more immediate concerns like the Soviet Union starting a nuclear war,” explains Reddit user BumblebeeExpensive.(Source)
Mr. Elizondo suggested that those interested in more information about this subject read “UFOs and Nukes” by Robert Hastings. The book describes the reality of UFO incursions at American nuclear weapons facilities.
In “UFOs and Nukes,” there are documented incidents of UFO interference at the US nuclear weapons facilities. The book describes incidents where unidentified objects were seen hovering near nuclear facilities, causing malfunctions in nuclear missiles and communication systems.
Some of those incidents date back to as early as January 1945, months before the atomic bombings in Japan. Those events suggest that humans’ most dangerous weapons have been under scrutiny by unidentified observers with advanced technology. The author argues that the UFO-nukes connection is significant and may be the reason for the appearance of mysterious aerial crafts in the skies over the past 70 years. Mr. Elizondo recommends this book to those interested in learning more about this subject.
Hubble Sees Possible Runaway Black Hole Creating a Trail of Stars
Hubble Sees Possible Runaway Black Hole Creating a Trail of Stars
There's an invisible monster on the loose, barreling through intergalactic space so fast that if it were in our solar system, it could travel from Earth to the Moon in 14 minutes. This supermassive black hole, weighing as much as 20 million Suns, has left behind a never-before-seen 200,000-light-year-long "contrail" of newborn stars, twice the diameter of our Milky Way galaxy. It's likely the result of a rare, bizarre game of galactic billiards among three massive black holes.
Rather than gobbling up stars ahead of it, like a cosmic Pac-Man, the speedy black hole is plowing into gas in front of it to trigger new star formation along a narrow corridor. The black hole is streaking too fast to take time for a snack. Nothing like it has ever been seen before, but it was captured accidentally by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope.
This is an artist's impression of a runaway supermassive black hole that was ejected from its host galaxy as a result of a tussle between it and two other black holes. As the black hole plows through intergalactic space it compresses tenuous gas in front to it. This precipitates the birth of hot blue stars. This illustration is based on Hubble Space Telescope observations of a 200,000-light-year-long "contrail" of stars behind an escaping black hole.
"We think we're seeing a wake behind the black hole where the gas cools and is able to form stars. So, we're looking at star formation trailing the black hole," said Pieter van Dokkum of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. "What we're seeing is the aftermath. Like the wake behind a ship we're seeing the wake behind the black hole." The trail must have lots of new stars, given that it is almost half as bright as the host galaxy it is linked to.
The black hole lies at one end of the column, which stretches back to its parent galaxy. There is a remarkably bright knot of ionized oxygen at the outermost tip of the column. Researchers believe gas is probably being shocked and heated from the motion of the black hole hitting the gas, or it could be radiation from an accretion disk around the black hole. "Gas in front of it gets shocked because of this supersonic, very high-velocity impact of the black hole moving through the gas. How it works exactly is not really known," said van Dokkum.
"This is pure serendipity that we stumbled across it," van Dokkum added. He was looking for globular star clusters in a nearby dwarf galaxy. "I was just scanning through the Hubble image and then I noticed that we have a little streak. I immediately thought, 'oh, a cosmic ray hitting the camera detector and causing a linear imaging artifact.' When we eliminated cosmic rays we realized it was still there. It didn't look like anything we've seen before."
This Hubble Space Telescope archival photo captures a curious linear feature that is so unusual it was first dismissed as an imaging artifact from Hubble's cameras. But follow-up spectroscopic observations reveal it is a 200,000-light-year-long chain of young blue stars. A supermassive black hole lies at the tip of the bridge at lower left. The black hole was ejected from the galaxy at upper right. It compressed gas in its wake to leave a long trail of young blue stars. Nothing like this has ever been seen before in the universe. This unusual event happened when the universe was approximately half its current age.
Credits: NASA, ESA, Pieter van Dokkum (Yale); Image Processing: Joseph DePasquale (STScI)
Because it was so weird, van Dokkum and his team did follow-up spectroscopy with the W. M. Keck Observatories in Hawaii. He describes the star trail as "quite astonishing, very, very bright and very unusual." This led to the conclusion that he was looking at the aftermath of a black hole flying through a halo of gas surrounding the host galaxy.
This intergalactic skyrocket is likely the result of multiple collisions of supermassive black holes. Astronomers suspect the first two galaxies merged perhaps 50 million years ago. That brought together two supermassive black holes at their centers. They whirled around each other as a binary black hole.
Then another galaxy came along with its own supermassive black hole. This follows the old idiom: "two's company and three's a crowd." The three black holes mixing it up led to a chaotic and unstable configuration. One of the black holes robbed momentum from the other two black holes and got thrown out of the host galaxy. The original binary may have remained intact, or the new interloper black hole may have replaced one of the two that were in the original binary, and kicked out the previous companion.
When the single black hole took off in one direction, the binary black holes shot off in the opposite direction. There is a feature seen on the opposite side of the host galaxy that might be the runaway binary black hole. Circumstantial evidence for this is that there is no sign of an active black hole remaining at the galaxy’s core. The next step is to do follow-up observations with NASA's James Webb Space Telescope and the Chandra X-ray Observatory to confirm the black hole explanation.
There’s an invisible monster on the loose! It’s barreling through intergalactic space fast enough to travel from Earth to the Moon in 14 minutes. But don’t worry, luckily this beast is very, very far away! This potential supermassive black hole, weighing as much as 20 million Suns, has left behind a never-before-seen 200,000 light-year-long trail of newborn stars. The streamer is twice the diameter of our Milky Way galaxy. It’s likely the result of a rare, bizarre game of galactic billiards among three massive black holes.
Credits: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center; Lead Producer: Paul Morris
NASA's upcoming Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will have a wide-angle view of the universe with Hubble's exquisite resolution. As a survey telescope, the Roman observations might find more of these rare and improbable "star streaks" elsewhere in the universe. This may require machine learning using algorithms that are very good at finding specific weird shapes in a sea of other astronomical data, according to van Dokkum.
The Hubble Space Telescope is a project of international cooperation between NASA and ESA. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, manages the telescope. The Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) in Baltimore conducts Hubble science operations. STScI is operated for NASA by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, in Washington, D.C.
A bizarre 'ultraluminous X-ray source' shines millions of times brighter than the sun, breaking a physical law called the Eddington limit, a new study finds.
An illustration of a neutron star -- an ultra-luminous X-ray source -- spinning around as tendrils of magnetic field whip through space.
(Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech)
Something in outer space is breaking the law — the laws of physics, that is.
Astronomers call these lawbreakers ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs), and they exude about 10 million times more energy than the sun. This amount of energy breaks a physical law known as the Eddington limit, which determines how bright something of a given size can be. If something breaks the Eddington limit, scientists expect it to blow itself up into pieces. However, ULXs "regularly exceed this limit by 100 to 500 times, leaving scientists puzzled," according to a NASA statement(opens in new tab).
New observations published in The Astrophysical Journal(opens in new tab) from NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR), which sees the universe in high-energy X-rays, confirmed that one particular ULX, called M82 X-2, is definitely too bright. Prior theories suggested that the extreme brightness could be some sort of optical illusion, but this new work shows that's not the case — this ULX is actually defying the Eddington limit somehow.
Astronomers used to believe ULXs could be black holes, but M82 X-2 is an object known as a neutron star. Neutron stars are the leftover, dead cores of stars like the sun. A neutron star is so dense that the gravity on its surface is about 100 trillion times stronger than that of Earth. This intense gravity means that any material pulled onto the dead star's surface will have an explosive effect.
"A marshmallow dropped on the surface of a neutron star would hit it with the energy of a thousand hydrogen bombs," according to NASA(opens in new tab).
The new study found that M82 X-2 consumes around 1.5 Earths' worth of material each year, siphoning it off of a neighboring star. When this amount of matter hits the neutron star's surface, it's enough to produce the off-the-charts brightness the astronomers observed.
The research team thinks this is evidence that something must be going on with M82 X-2 that lets it bend the rules and break the Eddington limit. Their current idea is that the intense magnetic field of the neutron star changes the shape of its atoms, allowing the star to stick together even as it gets brighter and brighter.
"These observations let us see the effects of these incredibly strong magnetic fields that we could never reproduce on Earth with current technology," lead study author Matteo Bachetti(opens in new tab), an astrophysicist at the Cagliari Astronomical Observatory in Italy, said in the statement. "This is the beauty of astronomy … we cannot really set up experiments to get quick answers; we have to wait for the universe to show us its secrets."
These odd binary systems go through multiple phases.
An artist's impression of a black-widow pulsar tearing material from a companion star.
(Image credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center)
Astronomers have identified a new kind of pulsar that consumes an orbiting companion, filling in a missing link about how some of the strangest systems in the universe evolve.
Astronomers found their first "black widow" system, named PSR B1957+20, in 1988. It consisted of a single pulsar with a small orbiting companion. This was not an unusual setup for pulsars, which are rapidly spinning neutron stars (the collapsed cores of stars that die in supernova explosions) that emit pulses of radiation at regular intervals. Indeed, many pulsars come in pairs. What was unusual about this system, however, was the presence of a significant amount of energetic material surrounding the pair.
The astronomers realized that the material surrounding the system came from the small companion and that, at one time, the companion was much larger. But the pulsar in the center was blasting out streams of extremely energetic radiation and particles. These blasts were so powerful that they were carving off pieces of the orbiting companion and shoving them out into space. Essentially, the pulsar was eating its companion alive, hence the "black widow" nickname, a reference to the spider that eats its mate.
Since then, astronomers have discovered several other pulsar systems that fit into the "spider" family. Technically, black widows have companions with very small masses, usually less than one-tenth the mass of the sun. Other systems include "redback" pulsars, which are actively destroying companions with masses up to half a solar mass. And "huntsman" pulsars have companions with enough mass to withstand the outbursts, and so those systems have much less material around them.
While astronomers have identified dozens of these "spider" systems, they have had difficulty explaining how the systems came to be. The problem is that ablation, the process of reducing a companion's mass by removing its outer layers via powerful radiation bursts, is a relatively inefficient process. It's too slow to explain how those companions can lose so much mass in such a short amount of time.
Now, a team of astronomers has proposed a solution by finding two systems that they believe provide an evolutionary link between normal binary systems and more evolved "spider" systems. They reported their results in January in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society(opens in new tab).
Initially in the evolution of a binary system, there are simply two stars orbiting each other. But one will inevitably be more massive than the other and will end its life sooner. If the star is massive enough, it will become a neutron star, the remnant core of compressed neutrons left over after a supernova explosion.
If the remaining companion has a low enough mass, the system will soon become what is dubbed a low-mass X-ray binary. In these systems, the companion has begun to overflow, either because it naturally swells as it enters the red giant stage, or because the extreme gravity of the neutron star pulls on its atmosphere. Either way, in this stage, the companion begins spilling its material onto the neutron star, causing it to speed up and flash in X-ray radiation.
Astronomers have long believed that these low-mass X-ray binary systems occasionally developed into black widow or redback spider systems, but the link has not been shown until now.
An artist's rendering of a pulsar surrounded by a glowing disk of matter. In 'black widow' pulsars, that matter comes from a smaller companion star that's slowly being irradiated out of existence. (Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech)
The astronomers behind the study investigated two low-mass X-ray binary systems, named Swift J1858.6-0814 and EXO 0748-676. These two systems contain all the features of typical low-mass X-ray binaries: a neutron star with a small, overflowing companion.
But the researchers also found evidence for ablation, with highly energized material surrounding each pair. Their observations suggest that the "spider" phase may have already begun early on in the development of these systems. Even though ablation is inefficient, by pushing away material from the companion with strong outbursts early on, these systems had plenty of time to blow away enough gas to explain the spider system results.
The researchers dubbed these systems "false widows," adding to the arachnid-based classification scheme. Eventually, these false widows will evolve into true black widow and redback systems, and those systems, too, won't last forever. At some point, the companion will run out of material altogether, with all of its atmosphere either blown out into space or transferred onto the neutron star. That transfer causes a tremendous speed-up in the rotation rate of the neutron star, causing it to spin thousands of times every second.
With the new observations, the entire developmental process is clear: Binary systems emerge, then become low-mass X-ray binaries, then false widows, then black widow or redback systems, before finally settling down as millisecond pulsars.
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Expert says Humans are Aliens—and we were Brought to Earth Hundreds of Thousands of Years Ago
Expert says Humans are Aliens—and we were Brought to Earth Hundreds of Thousands of Years Ago
What if Humans are the aliens we’ve been looking for all along? According to experts, humans were most likely crossbred with another species, perhaps from the star system Alpha Centauri –which is one of the closest solar systems to Earth—in the distant past, giving birth to modern humans.
Tell Al-Uhaymir modern-day Iraq, where the ancient Sumerian city of Kish used to be, archaeologists found one of the oldest ancient documents on the planet, the tablet of Kish which is believed to date back to the year 3500 BC.The Sumerian king list states that Kish was the first city to have kings following the deluge, beginning with Jushur.Jushur’s successor is called Kullassina-bel, but this is actually a sentence in Akkadian meaning “All of them were lord”. Thus, some scholars have suggested that this may have been intended to signify the absence of a central authority in Kish for a time.
This ancient document is believed to precede the cuneiform writing of the Sumerians, and the Egyptian hieroglyphs for almost one hundred years.
Developing the ability to express thoughts through written language is one of the first ways in which man differed from the animal kingdom.Five thousand years since, humans have developed electricity, divided the atom, developed computers, and led man to the moon. We have achieved things that other species have still not.
No other species on earth can attribute such unique achievements in such a short period of time. Interestingly, compared to other species of the earth, our ‘evolution’ is relatively short.
It has been a short period of time, most likely a few million years since the first hominid walked on Earth. Precisely this is one of the biggest scientific questions of all times: Why have only our species emerged to this truly advanced technological intelligence?Evidently, there is nothing more advanced than humans on planet Earth.
While there are different ‘intelligent’ species on Earth, none of them makes use of technology like us. Just imagine for a second, if for some reason, mankind had to return to the jungle, and survive there. Many experts agree that most of them would not survive for a very long period of time.Many scientists agree that humans, in addition to their intelligence, are not very capable to occupy a wide range of environments. In other words, we are very limited when it comes to our planet.
In addition to our fascinating intelligence, biologists have also noticed contrasts between human physiology and that of other animals on earth. Many scientists agree that compared to other species on earth, humans are rather strange. For example, a baby horse when born is able to walk and function almost independently, but this a human baby cannot do, which makes us quite helpless. In other words, we are born before being neurologically ready for life.
Many researchers agree that there are many vulnerabilities that accompany our intelligence.Humans on earth eventually became bipeds, which freed up our superior extremities allowing us to manipulate objects, create tools and much more. But for all this, experts believe that our species has paid an expensive price. Lumbar pain a sign that according to many experts could tell us a lot about our species. Curiously, other animals on Earth do NOT have this problem. It’s as if only humans are affected by some of these problems.
So what does all of this mean? According to one expert, it means that we are the aliens we’ve we been looking for all along.
A new theory proposed by Dr. Ellis Silver states that there are several tell-tale signs present in the human race that suggest human beings did not evolve ALONGSIDE other lifeforms on Earth.
The book called ‘Humans are not from Earth: a scientific evaluation of the evidence’ is basically a resume of theories for and mostly against man’s evolution on Earth. In the book, leading environmentalist and ecologist Dr. Ellis Silver goes through an evaluation of thirteen leading hypothesis and seventeen factors which suggest HUMANS ARE NOT FROM EARTH.
Mankind is supposedly the most highly developed species on the planet, yet is surprisingly unsuited and ill-equipped for Earth’s environment: harmed by sunlight, a strong dislike for naturally occurring foods, ridiculously high rates of chronic disease, and more said Dr. Ellis in an interview.
According to Dr. Ellis, humans might suffer from back pain because our species initially evolved on another planet with a lower gravity, adding to the mysteries, Dr. Ellis also indicates that it is strange that newborns have large heads and make it difficult for mothers to give birth, which can result in fatalities for both mother and child.
So where do we come from? According to Dr. Ellis, Neanderthals were most likely crossbred with another species, perhaps from the star system Alpha Centauri –which is one of the closest solar systems to Earth— in the distant past, giving birth to modern humans.
According to Dr. Ellis, there are millions of people around the globe who ‘feel’ that they do not belong on Earth.Dr. Ellis explains: “This suggests (to me at least) that mankind may have evolved on a different planet, and we may have been brought here as a highly developed species. One reason for this … is that the Earth might be a prison planet since we seem to be a naturally violent species and we’re here until we learn to behave ourselves.”
Dr. Ellis concludes that mankind did not evolve from that particular strain of life, but evolved elsewhere and was transported to Earth (as fully evolved Homo sapiens) between 60,000 and 200,000 years ago.
Furthermore, as noted by Robert Sepher, according to modern DNA sequencing, it is demonstrated that humanity as we know it, isn’t just ONE single ‘race’ that descended from the same ancestor in Africa, but a hybridized species, with a far more enigmatic truth behind it all.
Many questions have been raised in the discussion about Rh negative blood. If mankind did, in fact, evolve from a mutual ancient African ancestor, theories state that everyone’s blood would be compatible, but regrettably, this is not the case. This raises numerous questions that science alone has not been able to fully answer. Where did Rh-negative blood come from? And why is it that a Rh-negative mother carrying Rh positive children tries rejecting her own offspring? Is it possible that this can be explained by a rather controversial theory? A theory which suggests that humanity isn’t in fact one race, but a hybridized species.
The book was written by Robert Sepehr, Species with Amnesia: Our Forbidden History tells us more about the enigmatic blood type Rh-negative. Not only does Species with Amnesia suggest mankind is, in fact, a hybridized species, the author suggests that highly advanced civilizations have been on Earth before us, just to be destroyed by some great global catastrophe, as mysteriously, history tells us.
Sepehr argues that for each race that has died out, another has taken its place, with a selected few holding on to the memories and sacred knowledge of the past race. In our vanity, we think we have discovered some of the great truths of science and technology, but we are in fact only just beginning to rediscover the profound wisdom of past civilizations. In many ways, we are like an awakening Species with Amnesia, yearning to reclaim our forgotten past. –
The Basque people of Spain and France have the highest percentage of Rh-negative blood. About 30% have (rr) Rh negative and about 60% carry one (r) negative gene.“There are 612 primate species and subspecies recognized by the International Union for Conversation of Nature (IUCN), and not one has Rh-negative blood”. – Robert Sepehr, Species with Amnesia: Our Forbidden History
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We could feed one million people living in colonies on Mars
We could feed one million people living in colonies on Mars
With bugs, algae and other resource-efficient foods we could feed one million people on Mars within a century of arriving there. Scientists even invented a martian diet.
In the science fiction novel and movie The Martian, a stranded astronaut survives more than 500 days on Mars by growing potatoes. A permanent human settlement on Mars would need to do much better. And according to a computer model created by planetary scientists, that’s actually an attainable goal. With the right food sources, we could grow a million-person population on Mars that doesn’t depend on food shipped from Earth in about a hundred years, a recent paper in the journal New Space reports.
Companies like SpaceX have made exciting steps toward the possibility of humans on Mars, says Kevin Cannon, a planetary scientist at the University of Central Florida and lead author of the study. But beyond the challenge of getting humans to Mars in the first place, there’s a lot of work left to figure out how to make a self-sufficient, functioning society there.
“I think, looking in the long term, the real challenge is to start producing everything you need from the local materials on Mars,” Cannon says.
Farming on Mars
Cannon and colleagues modeled the food needs of a human population on Mars that grows to one million over about a hundred Earth years through a combination of immigration and reproduction. Though the settlement would need to import a lot of food at the start, it could transition to an entirely Martian-grown diet in about a century with the right food choices, they found.
The major limiting factor is space — or rather, the ability to create spaces suitable for growing food. On Earth, the amount of available arable land restricts our ability to grow food, whether plants, animals or something else. On Mars, we’d have to create these spaces — enclosed, pressurized and heated structures. For efficiency’s sake, a Martian society would need to choose food sources that are high in nutrients and calories relative to the space they need to grow.
Traditionally farmed animal products and certain plants need a lot of resources and may be impractical on Mars, Cannon says. But that doesn’t necessarily mean sacrificing variety in Martian diets. His team’s models include three main categories of food sources: plant-based foods, edible insects and “cellular agriculture” — protein-rich foods like algae and lab-grown meats, dairy and eggs that we can grow from cells.
Cannon has created a website compiling a list of businesses working to create food in these ways today, often with the goal of more resource-efficient and sustainable food production on Earth in mind.
This includes eating plants like beans, tomato and potato, as well as GMO products modified to include more nutrients and grow more sustainably. A number of companies today make insect-based products — whether that’s whole crickets or powdered insects to use as flour — that aspiring Martians can sample as we “The limitations that Mars would put on you in producing food kind of forces you into practices that turn out to be more sustainable on the Earth,” Cannon says.
Einstein’s Genius Shines Bright: Star’s Enigmatic Path around Black Hole Validates Theory
Einstein’s Genius Shines Bright: Star’s Enigmatic Path around Black Hole Validates Theory
Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity has passed another test. Researchers have discovered a slight adjustment in the orbit of the nearest known star to the supermassive black hole at the heart of the Milky Way after almost three decades of monitoring—and the movement exactly confirms Einstein’s prediction.
The star, known as S2, has a 16-year elliptical orbit. It came near 20 billion kilometers of our black hole, Sagittarius A*, last year. If Isaac Newton’s traditional definition of gravity is correct, S2 should then continue on its previous orbit’s course through space. But it didn’t work.
Instead, it took a slightly divergent route, with the axis of its ellipse altering slightly, according to research published today in Astronomy & Astrophysics by a team employing the European Southern Observatory’s Very Large Telescope. As predicted by general relativity, the process known as Schwarzschild precession will eventually force S2 to trace out a spirograph-like floral pattern in space (as illustrated above).
The researchers claim that their comprehensive monitoring of S2 will let them analyze how much unseen material, including dark matter and smaller black holes, exists near Sagittarius A*, in addition to another demanding test of relativity. This might aid them in understanding how such behemoths develop and evolve.
Scientists Puzzled Because James Webb is Seeing Things that are Unexpected.
Scientists Puzzled Because James Webb is Seeing Things that are Unexpected.
Astronomers have used the James Webb Space Telescope to peer back in time to the early days of the universe — and they spotted something unexpected.
NASA's super-powerful James Webb Telescope has provided the most distant glimpses of the universe ever since its launch.
It has given answers to questions that were still unresolved. But, this raised other questions as well.
Until now, astronomers believed that galaxies arose during the early universe (after the Big Bang) would be small in size and irregular in shape.
But James Webb Telescope disproved this hypothesis of astronomers.
The JWST has revealed these galaxies to be astonishingly massive as are well-balanced and well-shaped.
It is a discovery that challenges existing beliefs about the origin of the universe and stresses the need to change the current understanding of the origin of the infant universe.
"The models just don't predict this" Garth Illingworth, an astronomer at the University of California at Santa Cruz, told Washington Post.
"How do you do this in the universe at such an early time? How do you form so many stars so quickly?"
Old images of the universe taken by the Hubble Telescope, showed that early galaxies were misshapen and chaotic.
But the James Webb Telescope (JWST) debunks this assumption – those findings were an illusion based on the limited capabilities of the Hubble Telescope.
"We thought the infant universe was the chaotic place where there's all these clumps of star formation, and things are all a-jumble" the Space Telescope Science Institute's Dan Coe told WaPo.
Adding later that, before the JWST was launched into the orbit, Hubble Telescope's imagery was "missing all the colder stars and the older stars. We were really only seeing the hot young ones."
Although the findings from James Webb surprised astrophysicists, technological advances have a long history of leading to a period of large-scale scientific research into astronomy or beyond.
Discoveries made today can lay the foundation for future successes.
JWST is doing exactly what astronomers tell it to do.
It is exploring the exciting objects of the vast universe, while simultaneously answering old questions and generating new ones.
Perseverance is Turning Into That Friend That's Always Picking Up Rocks
On Thursday, March 30th, NASA’s Perseverance rover drilled and stored the first rock core sample of its newest science campaign. This is the sixteenth sample the rover has taken as part of the ambitious Mars Sample Return (MSR) mission, a collaborative effort between NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA) to retrieve Perseverance’s samples and bring them back to Earth. Once they arrive (expected to happen by 2033), scientists will analyze them using state-of-the-art machinery too heavy and cumbersome to send to Mars as part of a robotic mission.
Collecting samples as part of the first sample-return mission from Mars is one of the main objectives of NASA’s Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) program. It is hoped that these samples will provide new insight into the planet’s environment and the water cycle that shaped the surface and interior of Mars. Of particular interest is how Mars evolved from a warmer, wetter environment – as it was during the Noachian Era (ca. 4.1 – 3.7 billion years ago) – to the cold and dedicated place we see today. It is theorized that life could have emerged during this period. If true, then the analysis of these core samples could provide the first evidence that life once existed on Mars (and might still be there today).
Perseverance has also collected three witness tubes, similar to sample tubes but designed to capture molecular and particulate contaminants. These tubes are opened close to sample collection sites to “witness” the ambient environment, helping scientists to characterize the location where samples are obtained. Earlier this year, the rover deposited ten tubes as a backup cache on the Martian surface for retrieval by the MSR campaign. For this latest campaign, the rover is exploring a new formation at the top of the delta formation in the Jezero Crater.
Scientists have named this formation “Berea,” which they believe formed from rock sediment carried by a stream that once flowed into the crater. This stream was responsible for forming the fan-delta, which means that the material in this formation could have come from far beyond the Jezero Crater. This is one of the reasons why the science team considers it to be so promising. But as Katie Stack Morgan, the deputy project scientist for Perseverance at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), related in a NASA press release, there is another reason why the spot is attractive.
“The second reason is that the rock is rich in carbonate,” she said. “Carbonate rocks on Earth can be good at preserving fossilized lifeforms. If biosignatures were present in this part of Jezero Crater, it could be a rock like this one that could very well hold their secrets.”
Carbonates are a type of sedimentary rock that forms from chemical interactions between minerals and water. The presence of these and other minerals that form in the presence of water is why the Jezero Crater and the Gale Crater (where Curiosity is currently exploring) were selected as landing sites. Essentially, these mineral deposits could provide scientists with a record of what the climate once looked like, allowing them to create a more complete geological record of Mars. Said Ken Farley, the W.M. Keck Foundation Professor of Geochemistry at Caltech and Perseverance’s project scientist:
“The Berea core highlights the beauty of rover missions. Perseverance’s mobility has allowed us to collect igneous samples from the relatively flat crater floor during the first campaign, and then travel to the base of the crater’s delta, where we found fine-grained sedimentary rocks deposited in a dried lakebed. Now we are sampling from a geologic location where we find coarse-grained sedimentary rocks deposited in a river. With this diversity of environments to observe and collect from, we are confident that these samples will allow us to better understand what occurred here at Jezero Crater billions of years ago.”
This image shows the rocky outcrop the Perseverance science team calls “Berea” after the NASA Mars rover extracted a rock core (right) and abraded a circular patch (left).
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
Now that the Berea sample has been cored and placed into the rover’s internal cache, Perseverance will move to its next drill site along the delta fan – a place the science team has named “Castell Henllys.” In addition to the 16 samples it has collected, Perseverance has also collected rock samples with its wheels. In February of 2022, the science team noticed that the rover’s left front wheel had picked up a “pet rock” and managed to hold onto it for months! The entire sample cache will be retrieved starting in 2030 with the arrival of the NASA MSR elements.
This includes the Sample Retrieval Lander, which Perseverance will deliver all the samples contained in its cache. A pair of Sample Recovery Helicopters (the same design as Ingenuity) will gather the samples the rover left on the surface. Once loaded aboard the Lander, the samples will be sent into orbit via the Mars Ascent Vehicle (MAV) and then collected by the ESA’s Earth Return Orbiter (ERO). This spacecraft will return the sample cache to Earth (by 2033 at the earliest) for analysis. The results will lead to all kinds of scientific breakthroughs and even demonstrate that life did exist on Mars billions of years ago.
Perseverance Cores 'Berea': This animation shows NASA’s Perseverance Mars rover collecting a rock sample from an outcrop the science team calls “Berea” using a coring bit on the end of its robotic arm. Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech. Download video ›
Fingers crossed, the data could also help resolve where Mars’ water (and any remaining life forms) can be found today!
It’s Time for Supernova Remnant Cassiopeia A to Get the JWST Treatment
Cassiopeia A (Cas A) is a supernova remnant. It has been observed many times. This new image uses data from Webb’s Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) to reveal Cas A in a new light. Credits: NASA, ESA, CSA, D. D. Milisavljevic (Purdue), T. Temim (Princeton), I. De Looze (Ghent University). Image Processing: J. DePasquale (STScI)
It’s Time for Supernova Remnant Cassiopeia A to Get the JWST Treatment
Ready for another stunning image from JWST? How about a peek inside a supernova remnant? Not just any stellar debris, but a highly detailed view of the leftovers from the explosion that created Cassiopeia A. The latest image is giving astronomers an up-close and personal look at what happened to a supermassive star some 11,000 light-years away from us. It may also help answer questions about the existence of cosmic dust, particularly in the early Universe.
The Cassiopeia A supernova remnant has been studied a lot. But, the new JWST view shows a great deal more detail that astronomers haven’t seen in other observations. And, that detail is opening up new windows on this stellar event. “Cas A represents our best opportunity to look at the debris field of an exploded star and run a kind of stellar autopsy to understand what type of star was there beforehand and how that star exploded,” said Danny Milisavljevic. He’s the principal investigator of the observing program that captured this view.
Exploring the Damage
This image tells a tale of sequential destruction when the supermassive star at the heart of Cas A died. First, as the aging star began its death process, it consumed heavier and heavier fuels in its core. That heated it up and the star expanded. It also ejected clouds of warm dust. They expanded slowly outward from the event. Then, when the star’s core began to consume iron, it took more energy than the star could supply. Burning stopped and the core collapsed. That brought the rest of the star inward. Then, it all rebounded, sending tendrils of stellar material racing away from the core. Eventually, that material collided with the slower-expanding dust shell.
All the colors in the image indicate the various parts of the explosion. The scene is pretty confusing at first. Astronomers are still working to figure out all the different sources of emissions in the remnant. The orange and red-hued material indicates emission from the warm outer shell. The tendrils are the starstuff rushing away from the collapsed core. They are bright pink and studded with knots and clumps. There’s a mix of elements generated in the star and by the explosion—including oxygen, neon, and argon. There is a collection of wispy star material closer to the center of the explosion site. The most prominent is a giant green loop that the team nicknamed the “Green Monster”. It’s an unexpected feature and nobody’s quite sure how or why it formed.
A closeup of the “Green Monster” (named after Boston’s Fenway Park). The JWST view shows incredible detail in this and other filaments at the heart of Cas A. Credits: NASA, ESA, CSA, D. D. Milisavljevic (Purdue), T. Temim (Princeton), I. De Looze (Ghent University). Image Processing: J. DePasquale (STScI)
The Cas A Supernova Remnant and Cosmic Dust
Supernovae scatter huge amounts of dust in their wakes. So, this raises a question. Since astronomers see dusty galaxies in the early Universe, did supernovae make them that way? The answer is complicated. Certainly, the first supermassive stars existed pretty early in cosmic history. And, they died in supernova explosions. So, it might make sense to assume that they’d scatter dust as they died. Yet, observations of more “modern” supernovae and their dust output don’t always explain the huge amounts of dust in early times. So, where did the early dust come from, if not from supernovae?
The answer may be that they did provide all that dust. We just need the high-resolution infrared views that JWST is able to provide to find the evidence for that. “In Cas A, we can spatially resolve regions that have different gas compositions and look at what types of dust were formed in those regions,” said Temim. That means JWST can “see” what astronomers haven’t been able to detect using many other telescopes in the past.
Exploring supernova remnants like Cas A gives astronomers more than a view of what a dying star does to its environment. Doing it in high-resolution detailed infrared views allows astronomers to “see inside” dusty objects such as Cas A. Not only that, but it provides a window to the past. “By understanding the process of exploding stars, we’re reading our own origin story,” said Milisavljevic. “I’m going to spend the rest of my career trying to understand what’s in this data set.”
Past Views of Supernova Remant of Cas A
Cassiopeia A lies only about 11,000 light-years from us and stretches across 10 light-years of space. It was probably first observed in the late 1600s from Earth. With the advent of modern telescopes, it has been seen in visible light from the ground, as well as through radio observations, and from space by the Hubble Space Telescope, the Chandra X-ray Observatory, NuSTAR, and others.
This Chandra X-ray Observatory image of Cas A shows chemical elements in the supernova remnant. The different colors mostly represent iron (orange), oxygen (purple), and the amount of silicon compared to magnesium (green). Titanium (light blue) detected previously by NASA’s NuSTAR telescope at higher X-ray energies is also shown. These Chandra and NuSTAR X-ray data have been overlaid on an optical-light image from the Hubble Space Telescope (yellow). Credit: Chandra: NASA/CXC/RIKEN/T. Sato et al.; NuSTAR: NASA/NuSTAR; Hubble: NASA/STScI
This lopsided stellar remnant itself is speeding out from the explosion site at a velocity between 4000-6000 kilometers per second. HST images showed knots and other ejecta moving away at up to 14,500 kilometers per second. Spitzer Space Telescope and the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (both predecessors to JWST) detected an infrared echo from the explosion on nearby gas clouds.
All of these observations point to Cas A being a perfect target for further studies of supernova explosions and their role throughout cosmic time.
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