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1990: Petit-Rechain, Belgium triangle UFO photograph - Think AboutIts

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Inhoud blog
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    The purpose of  this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and  free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category.
    Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
     

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    Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.

    In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!

    In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.

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    Een interessant adres?
    UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
    UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld
    Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie! Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek! België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch. Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen! Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie. Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen. Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek! Blijf Op De Hoogte! Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren! Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.
    14-05-2025
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.An Invisible Cosmic Force Swarming Earth?

    An Invisible Cosmic Force Swarming Earth

    In recent months, Earth has been experiencing a string of bizarre and unsettling phenomena. Massive power outages have struck Spain and Portugal, with similar blackouts occurring across the globe. Aircraft have inexplicably crashed or fallen from the sky. Lights - streetlamps, billboards, car headlights, even indoor lighting are flickering erratically, and the problem persists. 

    Power failures have disrupted air traffic control centers. Strange, unexplained noises have been heard coming from the sky. In parts of the U.S., blue rain has reportedly fallen. The Schumann Resonance, Earth’s natural electromagnetic frequency, has spiked dramatically. Most disturbing of all, now birds have been seen suddenly dropping dead, either mid-flight or while perched on power lines. 
    It feels as if the planet is enveloped in a powerful, unseen force, an invisible energy field swarming the Earth, disrupting both man-made and natural systems. But where is it coming from? 
    One theory suggests that we may be experiencing the delayed impact of a massive astronomical event that occurred thousands of years ago, such as a supernova, the cataclysmic explosion of a dying star. These cosmic blasts release enormous amounts of electromagnetic radiation, including gamma rays and X-rays, which can travel across space for thousands or even millions of years before reaching other celestial bodies, like Earth. 
    Interestingly, some scientists have speculated that a gamma-ray burst from a distant supernova might have triggered the Ordovician mass extinction around 440 million years ago. If such radiation can wipe out entire ecosystems, could a similar event be silently influencing the strange phenomena we're seeing today? 
    It might sound improbable, but what if Earth is now being bathed in residual energy from a long-past cosmic event, energy that is only just now arriving and interacting with our atmosphere and technology? 
    And if that's true… could these strange occurrences be the early signs of something even more serious to come? 
    Additional: MrMBB333, a well-known YouTuber, is also closely following these remarkable events. He shares daily live footage from around the world and often questions what is truly happening. In his latest video below he shares the mystery of the birds dropping dead while perched on power lines.
       

    {http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

    14-05-2025 om 18:06 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:MYSTERIES , Complot Theories, ed ( EN, FR, NL )
    13-05-2025
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.NASA satellites show Antarctica has gained ice despite rising global temperatures. How is that possible?

    NASA satellites show Antarctica has gained ice despite rising global temperatures. How is that possible?

    An aerial photo of mountains rising out of Antarctica snowy and icy landscape, as seen from NASA's Operation IceBridge research aircraft.
    Antarctica is almost entirely covered in freshwater ice. 
    (Image credit: Mario Tama/Staff via Getty Images)

    Antarctica has gained ice in recent years, despite increasing average global temperatures and climate change, a new study finds.

    Using data from NASA satellites, researchers from Tongji University in Shanghai tracked changes in Antarctica's ice sheet over more than two decades. The overall trend is one of substantial ice loss on the continent, but from 2021 to 2023, Antarctica gained some of that lost ice back.

    However, this isn't a sign that global warming and climate change have miraculously reversed. Picture a long ski slope with a small jump at the end. That's what a line through the Antarctic ice sheet data looks like when plotted on a graph. While there have been some recent ice gains, they don't even begin to make up for almost 20 years of losses.

    Most of the gains have already been attributed to an anomaly that saw increased precipitation (snow and some rain) fall over Antarctica, which caused more ice to form. Antarctica's ice levels fluctuate from year to year, and the gains appear to have slowed since the study period ended at the beginning of 2024. The levels reported by NASA thus far in 2025 look similar to what they were back in 2020, just before the abrupt gain.

    Related: 

    The ice sheet covering Antarctica is the largest mass of ice on Earth. Bigger than the whole of the U.S., the sheet holds 90% of the world's fresh water, according to the Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition, an environmental non-governmental organization. Antarctica is also surrounded by sea ice (frozen ocean water), which expands in the winter and retreats to the Antarctic coastline in the summer.

    This latest study, published March 19 in the journal Science China Earth Sciences, analyzed data from NASA's Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-On satellites that have been monitoring this ice sheet since 2002. Studying changes to the sheet is important because any melt releases water into the ocean, which is a major driver of rising sea levels.

    The satellite data revealed that the sheet experienced a sustained period of ice loss between 2002 and 2020. The ice loss accelerated in the latter half of that period, increasing from an average loss of about 81 billion tons (74 billion metric tons) per year between 2002 and 2010, to a loss of about 157 billion tons (142 billion metric tons) between 2011 and 2020, according to the study. However, the trend then shifted.

    The ice sheet gained mass from 2021 to 2023 at an average rate of about 119 billion tons (108 metric tons) per year. Four glaciers in eastern Antarctica also flipped from accelerated ice loss to significant mass gain.

    A graph showing changes to Antarctica's ice sheet over more than two decades.

    The recent Antarctic ice sheet gain doesn't make up for the continent experiencing a sustained period of accelerated ice loss. 
    (Image credit: ©Science China Press)

    "This isn't particularly strange," said Tom Slater, a research fellow in environmental science at Northumbria University in the U.K. who wasn't involved in the study. "In a warmer climate the atmosphere can hold more moisture — this raises the likelihood of extreme weather such as the heavy snowfall which caused the recent mass gain in East Antarctica," he told Live Science in an email.

    2023 study documented Antarctica's unprecedented mass gain between 2021 and 2022. That study, written by many of the same authors behind the new study, found that a high precipitation anomaly was responsible for the gain in ice. The latest study suggests that the trend continued until at least 2023.

    Slater noted that researchers expect the ice gains to be temporary.

    "Almost all of Antarctica's grounded ice losses come from glaciers elsewhere which are speeding up and flowing into the warming ocean," Slater said. "This is still happening — while the recent snowfall has temporarily offset these losses, they haven't stopped so it's not expected this is a long-term change in Antarctica's behaviour."

    A warming world

    Climate change doesn't mean that everywhere on Earth will get hotter at the same rate, so a single region will never tell the whole story of our warming world. Historically, temperatures over much of Antarctica have remained relatively stable, particularly compared to the Arctic, which has cooked four times faster than the rest of the globe. Antarctica's sea ice has also been much more stable relative to the Arctic, but that's been changing in recent years.

    In 2023, Antarctic sea ice hit record lows, which researchers concluded was extremely unlikely to happen without climate change. Meanwhile, global sea ice cover is consistently dropping to record lows or near-record lows, while global temperatures are consistently at record or near-record highs.

    In 2015, world leaders signed the Paris Agreement, an international treaty promising to limit global warming to preferably below 2.7 degrees Fahrenheit (1.5 degrees Celsius) and well below 3.6 F (2 C). However, that first promise is on the line: April 2025 was the 21st out of the last 22 months to breach the 2.7 F limit, according to the European Union's Copernicus Climate Change Service.

    RELATED VIDEOS


    https://www.livescience.com/space }

    13-05-2025 om 23:46 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Webb Watches Auroras Dance in Jupiter's Atmosphere

    Webb Watches Auroras Dance in Jupiter's Atmosphere

    hst_jupiter_aurora.jpeg
    Webb views of Jupiter's auroras

    Auroral displays are breathtaking light shows that can be seen across high latitude skies, created by the interaction between the solar wind and a planet's magnetic field. High-energy particles from the sun—mostly electrons and protons—hurtle through space until captured by magnetic field lines, which funnel them toward the poles. There, these charged particles collide dramatically with atmospheric molecules, transferring energy that excites atoms and molecules to higher states. As these excited particles return to their ground state, they release their excess energy as the shimmering curtains of coloured light we know as aurora.

    Stunning northern lights display

    It’s not just Earth that enjoys auroral displays though, in particular, Jupiter’s auroras dwarf Earth's aurora creating vast light shows that could swallow our entire planet. Powered by the gas giant's colossal magnetic field—14 times stronger than Earth's—these polar displays glow with an intensity  never seen on Earth and never fully disappear. Unlike Earth's auroras, which depend primarily on solar wind, Jupiter generates much of its auroral energy internally through its rapid 10-hour rotation and interactions with its volcanic moon Io, which pumps tons of sulphur and oxygen into Jupiter's magnetosphere daily.

    Auroral displays on Jupiter captured by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2016

    (Credit : NASA)

    Recent observations by the James Webb Space Telescope's (JWST) Near-InfraRed Camera on Christmas Day 2023, led by Jonathan Nichols from the University of Leicester, have leveraged the telescope's exceptional sensitivity to capture the rapidly changing Jovian auroral features with unprecedented detail, revealing new insights into these massive electromagnetic storms.

    What a Christmas present it was – it just blew me away! We wanted to see how quickly the auroras change, expecting it to fade in and out ponderously, perhaps over a quarter of an hour or so. Instead we observed the whole auroral region fizzing and popping with light, sometimes varying by the second. - Jonathan Nichols, University of Leicester.

    Further observations were completed using the Hubble Space Telescope and together, the observations of Jupiter's auroras revealed that emissions from the trihydrogen ion (H3+) fluctuate much more dramatically than previously thought, offering new insights into the heating and cooling mechanisms of Jupiter's upper atmosphere.

    However, the team encountered a mystery: the brightest infrared emissions captured by JWST had no corresponding features in Hubble's ultraviolet imagery. This suggests an apparently impossible phenomenon—what Nichols describes as "a tempest of drizzle," where large quantities of very low-energy particles somehow create intense auroral brightness visible only to JWST, leaving researchers baffled about the underlying mechanisms that could produce such contradictory observations.

    Artist impression of the James Webb Space Telescope

    The team acknowledge more work is required to investigate the discrepancy between the observations. They now hope to use additional JWST sessions to compare with NASA's Juno spacecraft data, hoping to solve the mystery.. These findings could prove valuable for the European Space Agency's Juice mission—which is currently traveling to Jupiter—to examine the gas giant's auroras using seven scientific instruments, including two imaging systems. They hope the study will improve our understanding of the interactions between Jupiter's magnetic field, atmosphere, and the charged particles from its moons, particularly Io.

    Source : 

    RELATED VIDEOS

     

    https://www.universetoday.com/ }

    13-05-2025 om 22:56 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Advancing Martian Geology Mapping with Machine Learning Tools

    Advancing Martian Geology Mapping with Machine Learning Tools

    picture1-750-min.png
    Image from the study demonstrating how machine learning tools can enhance image and mapping analysis with Mars surface images.
    (Credit: Annex (2025))

    How can artificial intelligence (AI) be used to advance mapping and imaging methods on other planets? This is what a recent study presented at the 56th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference hopes to address as a lone researcher investigated using machine learning models to enhance mapping and imaging capabilities from orbital images obtained from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) Context Camera (CTX), which is currently orbiting Mars. This study has the potential to help scientists, engineers, and the public better understand the benefits of AI in conducting more advanced science, specifically regarding global images around Earth and other worlds.

    Here, Universe Today discusses this incredible research with Dr. Andrew Annex, who is a Senior Science Systems Engineer at the SETI Institute, regarding the motivation behind the study, the next steps in developing these machine learning models, and the importance of using machine learning models to improve upon existing methods. Therefore, what was the motivation behind the study?

    “The primary motivation behind my work was the desire to accelerate scientific discovery and inquiry and enhance the scientific return from existing Mars datasets,” Dr. Annex tells Universe Today. “Many studies of Mars start by the simple identification of features on the surface and figuring out where they are. This is typically achieved by a scientist literally looking at images, many hundreds to thousands of images, manually. This process, however, can be very slow and tedious when looking at the surface at moderate to high resolution, as there is simply a lot of ground to cover.”

    For the study, Dr. Annex evaluated how current image analysis methods could potentially be improved using machine learning models and tools, including content-based image retrieval (CBIR), OpenAI CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training), and cloud computing architecture. The purpose of CBIR is to take a starting image and scan a database for similar images by scanning the image content.

    OpenAI has become a leading research company with the goal of enhancing AI to benefit humanity in our everyday lives, with ChatGPT arguably being its most used and well-known model. OpenAI CLIP is a machine learning model designed to learn how to compare images and text while dealing with large datasets. Cloud computing uses a network of remote servers to manage large amounts of data, including mobile technologies, databases, storage, applications, and more.

    In the end, Dr. Annex successfully used machine learning models to analyze global CTX mosaic images on Mars, including search and identification of specific image similarities across the Red Planet. While noting this research could open doors for improvements, including specific search queries, Dr. Annex emphasized machine learning models could be used on planetary surfaces across the solar system.

    “What I built, in the end, is a basic visual search engine, that makes it possible to search the surface of Mars at the pixel resolution of CTX,” Dr. Annex tells Universe Today. “The work isn’t a single model answering a specific question that is typically seen in other ML [machine learning] research in planetary science. It’s an application of software (and machine learning) to make it possible to search the data quickly for many different things rapidly.”

    The first image from a Mars orbiter occurred on July 15, 1965, by NASA’s Mariner 4 spacecraft, which returned strips of code that scientists and engineers colored based on the code number, along with returning the first black & white orbital image on July 16. That historic mission revealed that Mars was not the watery and tropical landscape that scientists dreamed about since Percival Lowell declared Mars to have living inhabitants in the early 20th century.

    Since then, Mars orbiters from several nations have sent back incredible images of the Red Planet, revealing a world that once held oceans and rivers of liquid water possibly billions of years ago. Due to the tireless work of these robotic explorers, the entire surface of Mars has been imaged, and some in incredible detail, by NASA’s Context Camera and High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera, respectively. Therefore, what is the importance of using machine learning models to improve upon existing image analysis methods for Mars?

    Dr. Annex tells Universe Today, “I think the importance is that over the past 25+ years, while computing power has increased, so has the amount of data we have to look at to answer our scientific questions, but also our speed at using this data has not accelerated. Existing techniques have not kept pace because these techniques aren’t necessarily computational, but conventional and critical by-eye image analysis and geologic interpretation. Many revolutionary scientific discoveries for Mars occurred when seeing the surface at a higher resolution than was available before. But now different, important questions about Mars can now be asked with a complete picture of the surface that the CTX global mosaic provides.”

    Dr. Annex continues, “But seeing the whole surface at 5 meters per pixel isn’t achievable for a single individual, again it’s simply a lot of area to look at and hold in your mind. Machine Learning is important not just for speed, but perhaps more critically for flexibility in the task you are automating in ways that conventional computational image analysis isn’t practical for or are simply too slow for given the amount of data you need to examine and the time available. I don’t see machine learning replacing all image analysis, but I see it as another tool in the toolbelt. One that can be used to complement and enhance existing methods and analysis.”

    How will machine learning help improve Mars image analysis in the coming years and decades? Only time will tell, and this is why we science!

    • As always, keep doing science & keep looking up!

    https://www.universetoday.com/ }

    13-05-2025 om 22:39 geschreven door peter  

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    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.The Fastest Spinning Asteroids are Most Likely to Have Moons

    The Fastest Spinning Asteroids are Most Likely to Have Moons

    didymos-dimorphos_true_orientation.png
    Asteroid moonlet Dimorphos as seen by the DART spacecraft 11 seconds before impact.
    Credits: NASA/Johns Hopkins APL

    Binary asteroid systems, in which a large asteroid is orbited by a smaller satellite, are a growing field of interest. In recent years, this has included the asteroid Didymos, a 765-meter-diameter (2,510 ft) Near-Earth Asteroid (NEA) with an orbiting companion (Dimorphos). This moonlet was targeted by the Double Asteroid Redirect Test (DART), a kinetic impactor designed to test a promising technique for planetary defense. Similar binaries have been found across a wide array of small body populations in the Solar System and are being characterized by observatories and spacecraft.

    To date, 13 asteroids measuring more than 100 km (62 mi) in diameter have been detected that have confirmed satellites. Interestingly, asteroid satellites are generally found around those with rapid rotations and an elongated shape. Previous models suggest that these satellites could be generated by impacts, but much remains unknown about how these systems came to be. By combining impact simulations, the team was able to track how spin and shape are related to collisional circumstances.

    The research was led by Kevin J. Walsh, a Senior Research Scientist at the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) in Boulder, Colorado. He was joined by researchers from the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHUAPL), the Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Charles University, the Space Research and Planetary Sciences at the University of Bern, and the University of Tokyo. The paper describing his team's findings recently appeared online and is being reviewed for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters.

    Artist's impression of an asteroid belt. Credit: NASA

    Asteroids are essentially material left over from the formation of the Solar System roughly 4.6 billion years ago. Therefore, the study of binary asteroid systems can provide important information regarding the collisional history of different asteroid populations. Changes in the orbital properties of the satellites can also provide insight into the internal properties of the primary. Similarly, differences in binary properties between asteroid classes may provide insight into the internal properties of different types of large asteroids and their formation process.

    It is generally accepted that impacts are responsible for binary asteroid systems, since collisions are inevitable for large asteroids. Furthermore, investigations of Main Belt Asteroids like Ceres and Vesta (performed by the Dawn spacecraft between 2011 to 2018) have noted impact craters and basins. Previous research that modeled asteroid impacts, disruption, and reaccumulation has shown that satellite formation is a possible consequence. As Walsh told Universe Today via email:

    "By 'impacts,' I simply mean that a large asteroid gets hit by some smaller asteroid. It builds a nice, big crater, and some of the ejected debris gets caught in orbit. The concept is sound, as we know, big asteroids get hit all the time. We also know that some get hit so hard that they literally break up – we see that in large families of asteroids that have very similar orbits and identical physical properties. However, the models never really explained why the ejecta doesn't just come back and hit the large asteroid. That is what simple physics suggests should happen if the target is a big, spherically symmetric object and the crater is relatively small."

    Research has shown that the properties of asteroid satellites are highly dependent on the primary's size. For example, asteroids larger than 100 km (62 mi) in diameter typically have small satellites (<0.1 times the size of the primary). In addition, five of the 13 known systems have multiple satellites, with 130 Elektra having three. Meanwhile, fewer satellites have been observed around asteroids that are ~10 and 100 km (6.2 to 62 mi) in diameter, while those that are more than ~300 km (186.5 mi) appear to have none.

    "What really caught our attention was a few things: first, the asteroids with satellites were all elongated and NOT spherical, and second, they were all rotating pretty fast," said Walsh. "We also noticed which asteroids didn’t have satellites, which is most of the ones with really big families of asteroids that would have been liberated in huge impacts. This data combined suggested that 'impacts' wasn’t enough to explain things, but that we needed to understand what types of impacts and the key mechanism that led some ejecta to end up as satellites and some to escape and become part of a larger asteroid family."

    For their study, the team conducted simulations of asteroid impacts, which resulted in a wide range of post-impact shapes. These relied on a hydrodynamics code, which models the big shockwave and initial breaking of the target object. This was followed by an N-body granular dynamics code that simulated the gravity of the new fragments, how they interacted with each other, and the resulting shape and spin of the post-impact primaries. Lastly, they performed a long-term simulation to see how the smaller fragments orbited their primaries over time.

    Ultimately, their results showed a correlation between satellite formation and the shape and spin of the largest remaining remnant. As Walsh explained:

    "They revealed that it wasn’t about how big/energetic the impacts are, but rather about the angular momentum (from pre-impact spin of the target, or applied rotation from an oblique impact) that can produce the odd-shaped primary and a bunch of satellites on stable orbits. We could also dig deeper and figure out where the material was likely to originate from inside the parent body, and found that it was typically all located 10-20 km (6.2 to 12.4 mi) deep."

    These last findings are particularly significant since they predict how the observation and study of asteroid satellites will provide valuable insight into material deep within their primaries. Since an asteroid's interior is naturally shielded from solar and cosmic radiation and the vacuum of space, scientists would be studying material as it was when the Solar System was still forming. In addition, their study clarifies many unanswered questions about this less-understood population of asteroids.

    "It tells us why we don't see satellites around every big asteroid (they do all get impacted a lot!), and why we don't see them around parent asteroids with huge asteroid families," said Walsh. "It also helps us understand the genetic relationship between the primary and the satellite. Finally, it could help us search deeper for more satellites that have not yet been observed since we now know what the key properties of the primary body should be."

    Several space missions are planned for the near future that will rendezvous with binary asteroids to learn more about the origin and evolution of the Solar System. These missions will also provide more information on the orbital mechanics of asteroid populations, which will help inform planetary defense. In addition, facilities like the Vera C. Rubin Observatory are expected to dramatically increase the list of candidate systems in the coming years.

    Further Reading: 

    https://www.universetoday.com/ }

    13-05-2025 om 22:27 geschreven door peter  

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    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Not Saying it's Aliens: SETI Survey Reveals Unexplained Pulses From Distant Star

    Not Saying it's Aliens: SETI Survey Reveals Unexplained Pulses From Distant Star

    228177main_red-dwarf-flare-full_full.webp
    A multi-year survey has revealed strange behavior from a Sun-like star.
    Credit: NASA/Casey Reed

    More than sixty years ago, the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) officially began with Project Ozma at the Greenbank Observatory in West Bank, Virginia. Led by famed astronomer Frank Drake (who coined the Drake Equation), this survey used the observatory's 25-meter (82-foot) dish to monitor Epsilon Eridani and Tau Ceti - two nearby Sun-like stars - between April and July of 1960. Since then, multiple surveys have been conducted at different wavelengths to search for indications of technological activity (aka. "technosignatures") around other stars.

    While no conclusive evidence has been found that indicates the presence of an advanced civilization, there have been many cases where scientists could not rule out the possibility. In a recent paper, veteran NASA scientist Richard H. Stanton describes the results of his multi-year survey of more than 1300 Sun-like stars for optical SETI signals. As he indicates, this survey revealed two fast identical pulses from a Sun-like star about 100 light-years from Earth, that match similar pulses from a different star observed four years ago.

    Dr. Stanton is a veteran of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), whose work includes participating in the Voyager missions and serving as the Engineering Manager of the Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission. Since retiring, he has dedicated himself to the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) using the 76.2-cm (30-inch) telescope at the Shay Meadow Observatory in Big Bear, California, and a multi-channel photometer he designed. The paper describing his survey's findings appeared in the journal Acta Astronautica.

    For years, Stanton has used these instruments to observe more than 1,300 Sun-like stars for optical SETI signals. Unlike traditional SETI surveys that have used radio antennas to search for evidence of potential extraterrestrial transmissions, optical SETI looks for pulses of light that could result from laser communications or directed-energy arrays. This latter example has been considered in recent years thanks to Project Starshot, NASA's Directed Energy Propulsion for Interstellar Exploration (DEEP-IN) concept, and similar interstellar mission concepts.

    As Stanton indicated, the field of optical SETI traces its roots to a 1961 study by Schwartz and Townes. They reasoned that the best way an extraterrestrial intelligence (ETI) could send an optical signal that outshone their star would be with intense nanosecond laser pulses. These pulses are searched for using special equipment in infrared wavelengths, high-resolution spectra, or visible light. As Stanton related to Universe Today via email, his SETI search differs from conventional optical surveys:

    "My approach is to stare at a single star for roughly 1 hour using photon counting to sample the star’s light at what is considered a very high time-resolution for astronomy (100 microsecond samples). The resulting time series are then searched for pulses and optical tones. The instrument uses readily available off-the-shelf components that can be assembled into a PC-based system. I’m not sure if anyone else is doing this with a significant time commitment. I am not aware of any discovery of similar pulses."

    After years of searching, Stanton reported an unexpected "signal" when observing HD 89389, an F-type star slightly brighter and more massive than our Sun, located in the constellation Ursa Major. According to Stanton's paper, this signal consisted of two fast, identical pulses 4.4 seconds apart that were not revealed in previous searches. He then ran comparisons against signals produced by airplanes, satellites, meteors, lightning, atmospheric scintillation, system noise, etc.

    Frank Drake posing with the Green Bank Telescope. Credit: NRAO/NSF/AUI

    As he explained, several things about the pulses detected around HD89389 made them unique from anything seen previously:

    "a. The star gets brighter-fainter-brighter and then returns to its ambient level, all in about 0.2s. This variation is much too strong to be caused by random noise or atmospheric turbulence. How do you make a star, over a million kilometers across, partially disappear in a tenth of a second? The source of this variation can't be as far away as the star itself.    

    b. In all three events, two essentially identical pulses are seen, separated by between 1.2 and 4.4 seconds (the third event,  found in an observation on January 18th of this year, was not included in the paper). In over 1500 hours of searching, no single pulse resembling these has ever been detected.

    c. The fine structure in the star's light between the peaks of the first pulse repeats almost exactly in the second pulse 4.4s later. No one knows how to explain this behavior.

    d. Nothing was detected moving near the star in simultaneous photography or in the background sensor that easily detects distant satellites moving close to a target star. Common signals from airplanes, satellites, meteors, birds, etc., are completely different from these pulses."

    A re-examination of historical data for similar signals revealed another pair of pulses detected around HD 217014 (51 Pegasi) in 2021. This main-sequence G-type star is located about 50.6 light-years from Earth and is similar in size, mass, and age to our Sun. In 1995, astronomers at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence detected an exoplanet orbiting this star, a hot gas giant that has since been named Dimidium. This was one of the first exoplanets ever detected, and the first time an exoplanet was discovered around a main-sequence star.

    At the time, said Stanton, the signal was dismissed as a false positive caused by birds. However, a detailed analysis ruled out this possibility for all the pulses observed. Other possibilities that Stanton explores include diffraction caused by the Earth's atmosphere, possibly due to a shock wave. However, this is unlikely since shockwaves would have had to occur with perfect timing to coincide with both optical pulses. Other possibilities include starlight diffraction by a distant body in the Solar System, partial eclipses caused by Earth satellites or distant asteroids, and "edge diffraction" by a straight edge (as described by the Sommerfeld Effect).

    There's also the possibility that a gravity wave could have generated these pulses, which requires additional consideration. Another interesting possibility is that it could be the result of ETI. As Stanton indicated, whatever modulated these stars' light must be relatively close to Earth, implying that any ETI activity must be within our Solar System. However, Stanton stresses that more data is needed.

    "None of these explanations are really satisfying at this point," he said. "We don't know what kind of object could produce these pulses or how far away it is. We don't know if the two-pulse signal is produced by something passing between us and the star or if it is generated by something that modulates the star's light without moving across the field. Until we learn more, we can't even say whether or not extraterrestrials are involved!"

    There are several examples of Optical SETI (OSETI) or LaserSETI, including the collaborative effort launched by Breakthrough Listen and the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS) Collaboration. However, Stanton's method presents many opportunities for future SETI surveys, which could search for similar examples of optical pulses. To that end, he suggests two approaches that could reveal more about this phenomenon and help astronomers place tighter constraints on their possible causes:

    "Look for events using arrays of synchronized optical telescopes. If the object is moving between the star and us, this approach should tell us how fast it is moving normal to the line of sight, and potentially its size and distance. [Also,] it would be very interesting if the star's light is modulated without an object moving across the field. Observing events with telescopes separated by a few hundred kilometers might show that any separation in the time each pulse arrives is due only to differences in the light time from the star to each telescope. Then, unless the variation could somehow be attributed to the star itself, we would have even more to explain!"

    Further Reading:

    https://www.universetoday.com/ }

    13-05-2025 om 22:14 geschreven door peter  

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    12-05-2025
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Global Perspectives on UFO Encounters: A Comparative Scientific Analysis of Cases across Continents

    close encounter

    Global Perspectives on UFO Encounters: A Comparative Scientific Analysis of Cases across Continents

    1. Introduction

    In recent years, the field of [your specific field, e.g., organizational management, environmental science, education, etc.] has experienced rapid developments, driven by technological advancements, changing societal needs, and evolving policy frameworks. Understanding these developments is crucial for practitioners, policymakers, and researchers to adapt strategies effectively and foster sustainable progress. This study aims to explore [briefly specify the main focus or phenomenon], providing insights into its underlying mechanisms, impacts, and potential future directions.

    The significance of this research lies in its potential to fill existing gaps in knowledge, inform best practices, and contribute to the ongoing discourse within the field. By systematically examining relevant data and case studies, the study aspires to offer evidence-based recommendations and a comprehensive understanding of the subject matter.

    2. Purpose and Significance of the Study

    The primary purpose of this study is to investigate [state the main objective or phenomenon], with an emphasis on understanding its dynamics and implications. This involves analyzing how [specific factors or variables] influence outcomes and identifying patterns or trends that can inform future actions.

    The significance of this research is multifaceted. First, it provides a nuanced understanding of [the phenomenon], which can aid practitioners in making informed decisions. Second, it contributes to the academic literature by offering new insights and theoretical frameworks. Third, it supports policymakers in designing effective interventions by highlighting key factors and potential challenges. Ultimately, the study aims to advance both theoretical knowledge and practical applications, contributing meaningfully to the field.

    3. Research Questions and Methodology

    To guide this investigation, the study addresses several key research questions:

    • What are the main factors influencing [the phenomenon]?
    • How do different contexts or environments impact [the phenomenon]?
    • What best practices can be identified from existing case studies?
    • What are the potential future trends or challenges related to [the phenomenon]?

    The methodology chosen to answer these questions combines qualitative and quantitative approaches, allowing for a comprehensive analysis. Data collection involves reviewing existing literature, conducting interviews or surveys where applicable, and analyzing case studies. Analytical methods include thematic analysis, comparative analysis, and statistical techniques depending on data types. This mixed-method approach ensures robustness and depth in findings, enabling nuanced insights into the complex dynamics of [the phenomenon].

    4. Methodology

    4.1. Data Collection and Selection Criteria

    Data collection for this study involves sourcing information from a variety of reputable sources, including academic journals, industry reports, government publications, and credible online repositories. The selection criteria for data include relevance to the research questions, credibility of the source, recency (preferably within the last five years), and methodological rigor. Priority is given to peer-reviewed articles and well-documented case studies to ensure high-quality data.

    In addition, primary data may be gathered through interviews or surveys with key stakeholders, such as experts, practitioners, or affected individuals, to add contextual depth. All data collected will be systematically organized and stored to facilitate thorough analysis.

    4.2. Criteria for Case Studies

    The case studies selected for detailed analysis must meet specific criteria to ensure comparability and relevance:

    • Relevance: directly related to the core phenomenon or research questions.
    • Diversity: representing different geographical regions, organizational sizes, or contexts to capture a broad spectrum of experiences.
    • Data availability: sufficient documentation and data to enable comprehensive analysis.
    • Recency: recent cases (ideally from the last 3-5 years) to reflect current trends and practices.
    • Outcomes: cases that demonstrate both successes and challenges to provide balanced insights.

    These criteria aim to select case studies that are both representative and rich in information, enabling meaningful comparisons and extraction of best practices.

    4.3. Analytical Methods

    The analysis employs a combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques. Thematic analysis will be used to identify recurring themes, patterns, and insights from qualitative data such as interview transcripts and document reviews. Comparative analysis will facilitate understanding differences and similarities across case studies, highlighting contextual factors that influence outcomes.

    Quantitative data will be analyzed using statistical methods such as descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, or regression modeling to explore relationships between variables and quantify effects. Data visualization tools will be employed to illustrate key findings clearly.

    Overall, these methods will enable a comprehensive understanding of the factors at play, support hypothesis testing, and facilitate the development of actionable recommendations. The integration of qualitative and quantitative insights will strengthen the validity and applicability of the study’s conclusions.

    UNBELIEVABLE Eyewitness Alien Encounters | The Proof Is Out There

    5. UFO Cases by Continent: A Comparative Analysis

    5.1 Africa

    • Case 1: The Zimbabwe School UFO Encounter (1994)

    In 1994, students at the Ariel School in Ruwa, Zimbabwe, reported witnessing a mysterious flying object and beings during their break time. The incident gained international attention due to the number of witnesses—approximately 60 students—and the detailed descriptions they provided. According to reports, the children described seeing a craft land nearby, with small humanoid figures emerging from it. The beings reportedly communicated through telepathy, conveying messages of peace and environmental concern. Psychologists and researchers who investigated the event noted the consistency in the children’s accounts, suggesting a genuine shared experience rather than mass hysteria.

    • Case 2: The Lake Victoria UFO Sightings (2010)

    In 2010, residents around Lake Victoria in Kenya and Uganda reported seeing strange lights and objects moving across the night sky. Multiple witnesses described a large, luminous craft hovering over the lake, emitting pulsating lights before suddenly accelerating and disappearing. Local fishermen and villagers observed the phenomenon over several nights, with some capturing photographs and videos. The sightings prompted investigations by regional authorities, but no definitive explanation was provided. The case highlights the ongoing interest and unexplained aerial phenomena reported in Africa’s lakes and rural communities.

    5.2 Asia

    • Case 1: The Ting Hsiao Incident (1974)

    In 1974, residents of Ting Hsiao, Taiwan, reported a series of UFO sightings involving large, glowing discs hovering over the city. Witnesses described seeing luminous craft that emitted beams of light, sometimes accompanied by strange sounds. The events coincided with reports of electromagnetic disturbances in the area. Local authorities and military officials investigated but could not identify the objects. This incident remains one of the earliest well-documented UFO sightings in Asia, sparking debates about extraterrestrial visitors versus secret military experiments.

    • Case 2: The Shijiazhuang UFO Encounter (2010)

    In 2010, multiple witnesses in Shijiazhuang, China, observed a series of bright, fast-moving lights in the night sky. Eyewitnesses reported that the lights appeared to perform complex maneuvers, such as rapid acceleration and sudden stops, inconsistent with conventional aircraft. Several videos circulated online, showing the strange objects. The Chinese government did not officially comment, but some experts speculated the phenomenon could be related to experimental military technology or atmospheric anomalies. The case remains unresolved, fueling speculation about secret Chinese aerospace projects.

    5.3 Europe

    • Case 1: The Rendlesham Forest Incident (1980)

    Often called the “British Roswell,” the Rendlesham Forest incident involved multiple military personnel witnessing unexplained lights and craft near RAF Woodbridge in Suffolk, England. Over several nights in December 1980, servicemen observed strange luminous objects landing and taking off in the dense woods. Some reports describe metallic triangular-shaped craft and beam-like lights. The witnesses’ testimonies, documented in official reports, suggest a genuine encounter with unknown aerial phenomena. The case remains one of Europe’s most famous and well-documented UFO incidents, often cited by researchers exploring military and extraterrestrial hypotheses.

    • Case 2: The Westall School UFO Encounter (1966)

    On April 6, 1966, hundreds of students and teachers from Westall High School in Melbourne, Australia, reported observing a silver, saucer-shaped object descend rapidly from the sky, land briefly, then ascend and vanish. Witnesses described seeing the craft hovering over the school grounds, with some claiming it emitted a humming sound. The event was initially dismissed as a weather balloon or aircraft, but multiple witnesses maintained their accounts over decades. The incident remains a significant case in European and Australian UFO history, illustrating the widespread nature of sightings during that era.

    5.4 North America

    • Case 1: The Phoenix Lights (1997)

    On March 13, 1997, thousands of residents across Arizona and Nevada reported seeing a massive V-shaped formation of lights moving silently across the night sky. The phenomenon, dubbed the “Phoenix Lights,” generated widespread media coverage. Witnesses described a large, dark craft or formation of craft with multiple bright lights. Military and government officials initially dismissed the sightings as flares from a training exercise, but many skeptics and UFO enthusiasts remain unconvinced. The case remains one of the most documented and debated UFO sightings in North America, symbolizing the public’s fascination with extraterrestrial visitation.

    • Case 2: The McMinnville UFO Photographs (1950)

    In 1950, farmer Paul Trent captured two photographs of a strange flying object over his farm in Oregon. The images show a disc-shaped craft with defined edges, hovering in the sky. The photographs were authenticated by some experts as genuine, although skeptics argued they could be hoaxes or misidentifications. The McMinnville photos became iconic, influencing UFO research in North America and fueling debates over the existence of extraterrestrial craft visiting Earth.

    • Case 3: The Belgian UFO Wave (1989-1990)

    This case involved numerous sightings of large, triangular craft over Belgium. The wave of sightings was remarkable due to the high number of reports from civilians, airline pilots, and military personnel, all describing similar encounters. The Belgian Air Force conducted thorough investigations, and radar data confirmed the presence of unidentified objects in the sky. Witnesses reported seeing massive, dark triangular objects with lights along their edges, which moved silently and smoothly across the sky. Several military pilots even reported visual contact with these craft, and some radar systems tracked objects that defied conventional explanations. The UFO wave received extensive media attention and remains one of Europe's most well-documented and intriguing cases. It raised questions about possible extraterrestrial visits or advanced military technology. Despite ongoing investigations, no conclusive explanation has been given, making it a significant event in European UFO history.

    5.5 South America

    • Case 1: The Colares UFO Flap (1977)

    Between 1977 and 1978, residents of Colares, Brazil, reported multiple sightings of luminous objects and encounters with strange beings. The phenomenon was accompanied by reports of mysterious injuries and skin burns, attributed to alleged energy beams emitted by the crafts. The Brazilian military conducted investigations, and some witnesses claimed that the UFOs were attempting to abduct people. The case gained notoriety due to the physical evidence and testimonies suggesting contact with extraterrestrial entities.

    • Case 2: The Varginha Incident (1996)

    In Varginha, Brazil, residents reported seeing strange creatures and a crashed UFO in the early hours of January 20, 1996. Several witnesses described seeing a small, humanoid being with large eyes and unusual features. The military reportedly captured the creature and removed it from the area. The incident received widespread media attention and is often compared to the Roswell story. Skeptics argue it was a case of misidentification or hoax, but believers see it as evidence of extraterrestrial contact.

    5.6 Antarctica

    • Case 1: The "UFO Base" Hypothesis

    While Antarctica is largely unexplored, some researchers and conspiracy theories suggest that the continent may host secret UFO bases beneath ice sheets. Alleged satellite images and eyewitness reports hint at anomalous structures or activity in remote regions. However, concrete evidence remains elusive, and most cases are speculative. The harsh environment and secrecy surrounding Antarctic expeditions fuel speculation about extraterrestrial presence or hidden human facilities linked to UFO activity.

    • Case 2: The "Ancient Alien" Artifacts

    Some researchers propose that ancient artifacts found in Antarctica, such as strange structures or carvings, suggest the continent may have been inhabited or visited by ancient civilizations, possibly linked to extraterrestrials. These claims are highly controversial and often dismissed by mainstream archaeology. Nonetheless, they contribute to theories suggesting Antarctica’s role in extraterrestrial history and UFO phenomena.

    5.7 Australia and Oceania

    • Case 1: The Westall Incident (1966)

    As mentioned earlier, the Westall School UFO encounter in Australia remains one of the most significant sightings in Oceania. Hundreds of witnesses observed a silver craft descend and ascend rapidly, with many testimonies supporting the event’s authenticity. The case has become a focal point for UFO researchers exploring Australian aerial phenomena.

    • Case 2: The Lake Towakani Lights (2018)

    In New Zealand, residents around Lake Towakani reported seeing mysterious lights dancing across the sky during a clear night. Witnesses described the lights as changing colors and performing complex maneuvers, including sudden stops and direction changes. Some speculated the lights could be drones or atmospheric phenomena, but others believed they might be extraterrestrial craft. The case remains under investigation, highlighting ongoing interest in UFO activity across Oceania.

    Conclusion

    This comparative analysis of UFO cases across continents reveals both unique regional phenomena and common themes, such as sightings of luminous craft, physical injuries, and encounters with humanoid beings. While some incidents are well-documented and supported by photographic evidence, others remain anecdotal or speculative. The diversity of cases underscores the global nature of UFO phenomena and the persistent human curiosity about extraterrestrial life and unknown aerial objects. Despite varying degrees of official acknowledgment, these cases continue to intrigue researchers, skeptics, and the public alike, contributing to the enduring mystery surrounding UFOs worldwide.

    Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs), also known as Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP), have fascinated humanity for decades. From ancient myths to modern sightings, the phenomenon has garnered scientific interest and public intrigue worldwide. This analysis aims to compare UFO cases across different continents, examining patterns, cultural influences, scientific interpretations, and societal reactions. By understanding these dimensions, we can better appreciate how cultural backgrounds shape perceptions and what implications this has for future research and policy development.

    6. Comparative Analysis of UFO Cases Across Continents

    6.1. Patterns and Differences Between Cases and Continents

    UFO sightings exhibit both commonalities and distinctive features depending on geographic regions. Across North America, especially the United States, reports often involve sightings of luminous objects, drone-like crafts, or structured crafts with lights. The famous Roswell incident of 1947 exemplifies how certain cases become embedded in popular culture, influencing subsequent reports.

    In Europe, sightings tend to involve more anomalous lights and formations, often linked to military activities or atmospheric phenomena. Notable cases include the Rendlesham Forest incident in the UK (1980), which involved multiple witnesses and some physical traces.

    Asia, especially China and Japan, reports include sightings of mysterious lights and often have a cultural component linked to traditional beliefs about spirits or celestial phenomena. In South America, countries like Brazil and Chile report frequent sightings, often described as luminous orbs, possibly influenced by local folklore and mythologies.

    Africa and the Middle East have fewer documented cases, but reports tend to involve bright lights and sometimes coincidental encounters with military or civilian aircraft. Variations in reporting frequency may be due to differences in media penetration or governmental openness.

    6.2.Impact of Cultural Backgrounds

    Cultural context significantly influences the interpretation and reporting of UFO sightings. Societies with rich mythological traditions or spiritual beliefs tend to interpret sightings through those lenses. For instance, in Latin America, sightings are sometimes attributed to spiritual entities or divine messages, whereas in Western societies, these are often seen as extraterrestrial visitors.

    In Japan, some sightings are linked to Shinto beliefs about spirits or kami, blending traditional folklore with modern encounters. Conversely, Western cultures often emphasize scientific explanations or potential military threats.

    Historical and cultural narratives shape the language used in reports and the public’s understanding of phenomena. For example, in areas with a history of military secrecy, sightings may be dismissed as classified aircraft.

    7. Scientific Interpretations and Skepticism

    7.1. Overview of Scientific Approaches

    The scientific community remains cautious about UFO phenomena, emphasizing the importance of empirical evidence. Many sightings are eventually attributed to natural atmospheric phenomena (e.g., ball lightning, meteors), human-made objects (aircraft, drones), or optical illusions.

    Organizations such as the US government's Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Task Force (UAPTF) and scientific bodies like the Committee for Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal (CSICOP) approach UFO reports critically, often advocating for rigorous data collection and analysis.

    Advanced technologies, including radar, infrared imaging, and satellite data, have been employed to investigate sightings. Recent declassified military videos, such as those released by the Pentagon, have reignited scientific interest and skepticism, emphasizing the need for systematic study.

    7.2. Scientific Skepticism and Challenges

    Despite some credible sightings, the lack of physical evidence and reproducibility remains a challenge. Many cases are explained by mundane causes, and extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence, which remains elusive.

    Skeptics argue that many UFO reports result from cognitive biases, misperceptions, or hallucinations. The "file drawer problem"—where unexplainable cases are ignored or dismissed—also hampers scientific progress.

    Furthermore, the potential for psychological and social factors, such as mass hysteria or media influence, complicates scientific analysis.

    8. Reactions of the Public and Governments

    8.1. Public Perception and Media Influence

    Public enthusiasm varies globally, often influenced by media coverage, cultural narratives, and personal beliefs. In the United States, media sensationalism has historically amplified UFO stories, leading to a mixture of fascination and skepticism.

    In regions with less media exposure or government transparency, sightings may be less frequent or less publicized, but local folklore often fills the gaps with stories of lights or spirits.

    The recent release of military videos and government acknowledgment of unexplained sightings has shifted public perception from dismissiveness to curiosity and concern.

    8.2. Government Responses and Policies

    Government reactions range from outright denial to active investigation. The US, Canada, and the UK have established or enhanced agencies to study UAPs, often citing national security concerns.

    In some countries, military and governmental secrecy persists, leading to conspiracy theories. Conversely, countries like France have established scientific programs, such as the Groupe d'Études et d'Informations sur les Phénomènes Aérospatiaux Non Identifiés (GEIPAN), which aims to study UFO phenomena scientifically.

    In Latin America, governments often display openness, sometimes even releasing reports and encouraging civilian reporting. This openness can facilitate data collection but can also fuel sensationalism.

    9. Impact and Future Perspectives

    9.1. How Cultural and Scientific Viewpoints Influence Perception

    Cultural frameworks shape not only the reports themselves but also the interpretation and acceptance of explanations. Societies with a tradition of myth-making tend to see UFO encounters as spiritual or supernatural, while scientifically inclined societies seek physical, empirical evidence.

    This divergence influences policy, research priorities, and public discourse. For example, in countries emphasizing scientific inquiry, resources are allocated for systematic data collection and analysis. In contrast, regions with cultural predispositions towards spiritual explanations might focus on integrating UFO phenomena within existing belief systems.

    9.2. Implications for Future Research and Policy

    Understanding these cultural and scientific perspectives is vital for developing effective policies. International cooperation could facilitate standardized data collection, cross-cultural studies, and shared scientific protocols.

    Future research should prioritize transparent data sharing, multidisciplinary approaches integrating atmospheric sciences, psychology, and cultural studies, and the development of advanced detection technologies.

    Policymakers should aim for balanced transparency, fostering public trust while safeguarding national security interests. Education campaigns can help mitigate misinformation and promote scientific literacy regarding UFO phenomena.

    10 Conclusion

    This comparative analysis underscores that UFO encounters are complex phenomena shaped by a combination of natural, psychological, cultural, and technological factors. Patterns across continents reveal both universal elements—such as luminous lights and aerial anomalies—and culturally specific interpretations rooted in local beliefs and histories.

    Scientific skepticism remains essential, emphasizing rigorous evidence collection and analysis. The reactions of the public and governments are deeply intertwined with cultural backgrounds and societal values, influencing transparency and policy development.

    Looking ahead, fostering international collaboration, embracing multidisciplinary research, and integrating scientific and cultural perspectives are crucial for advancing understanding. As technology progresses and societal openness increases, future investigations hold the promise of insights that could demystify many UFO phenomena, bridging the gap between curiosity and scientific knowledge.

    11. Main Issues and Recommendations

    • Standardize Data Collection: Develop international protocols for reporting and analyzing UFO sightings to ensure consistency and comparability.

    • Promote Scientific Research: Encourage multidisciplinary studies combining atmospheric sciences, psychology, cultural studies, and engineering.

    • Enhance Transparency: Governments should balance national security with transparency to build public trust and facilitate scientific inquiry.

    • Cultural Sensitivity: Recognize and integrate cultural perspectives into research frameworks to avoid dismissiveness and foster inclusive understanding.

    • Invest in Technology: Support the development of advanced detection and analysis tools (e.g., high-resolution sensors, AI-based pattern recognition).

    • Public Education: Implement educational campaigns to improve scientific literacy and reduce misinformation.

    Bibliography

    • Hynek, J. A. (1972). The UFO Experience: A Scientific Inquiry. University Books.

    • Maccabee, B. (2004). UFOs and Government: A Historical Inquiry. Anomalist Books.

    • National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). (2021). UAP Investigations and Reports. [Online] Available at: https://www.nasa.gov

    • U.S. Government Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Task Force. (2021). Preliminary Assessment: Unidentified Aerial Phenomena. Office of the Director of National Intelligence.

    • French, B. (2010). An Introduction to UFOs. Harvard University Press.

    • Ruppelt, J. E. (1956). The Report on Unidentified Flying Objects. Doubleday.

    • GEPAN (Groupe d'Études et d'Informations sur les Phénomènes Aérospatiaux Non Identifiés). (1981). Annual Reports. CNES.

    • Vallee, J. (1990). Forbidden Science: Journals 1957-1969. Universe Books.

    • National Geographic. (2022). The Science of UFOs. [Online] Available at: https://www.nationalgeographic.com

    • Scientific American. (2023). Deciphering the UFO Phenomenon. [Online] Available at: https://www.scientificamerican.com

    { PETER2011 }

    12-05-2025 om 23:44 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:UFOs , UAPs , USOS
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.May MUFON eNewsletter- with the Monthly Sighting Statistics!

    May MUFON eNewsletter- with the Monthly Sighting Statistics!

    COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD

    UNITED STATES 277

    AUSTRALIA 41

    CANADA 13

    UNITED KINGDOM 12

    BRAZIL 6

    FRANCE 5

    NETHERLANDS 4

    POLAND 4

    SLOVAKIA 3

    PUERTO RICO 3

    CZECH REPUBLIC 2

    IRAN 2

    MEXICO 2

    HUNGARY 2

    IRELAND 2

    INDIA 2

    HONG KONG 1

    TURKEY 1

    NEW ZEALAND 1

    DOMINICAN REPUBLIC 1

    PORTUGAL 1

    BAHAMAS 1

    GERMANY 1

    MOROCCO 1

    THAILAND 1

    COLOMBIA 1

    NORWAY 1

    ARGENTINA 1

    FINLAND 1

    ITALY 1  

    TOTAL:394

    SHAPE

    Sphere 87

    Circle 46

    Other 34

    Unknown 29

    Triangle 25

    Oval 19

    Cigar 18

    Star-like 16

    Disc 16

    Cylinder 14

    Fireball 9

    Tic Tac 9

    Square/Rectangular 6

    Boomerang 6

    Egg 6

    Blimp 5

    Diamond 3

    Cone 2

    Bullet/Missile 2

    Flash 2

    Saturn-like 2

    N/A 2

    Teardrop 1



    STATES OF THE U.S.A.

    Arizona 27

    Florida 24

    Texas 22

    California 20

    New Jersey 12

    Missouri 12

    New Mexico 11

    Colorado 10

    Pennsylvania 10

    Michigan 9

    North Carolina 8

    Washington 8

    Illinois 7

    New York 6

    Virginia 6

    Rhode Island 5

    Arkansas 5

    Wisconsin 5

    Maryland 5

    South Carolina 4

    Iowa 4

    Kentucky 4

    Ohio 4

    Georgia 4

    Hawaii 3

    Massachusetts 3

    Minnesota 3

    Kansas 3

    Mississippi 3

    Louisiana 3

    Oklahoma 3

    Utah 3

    Maine 3

    New Hampshire 3

    Tennessee 2

    Connecticut 2

    Delaware 2

    Montana 2

    Oregon 2

    West Virginia 1

    South Dakota 1

    Wyoming 1

    Nevada 1

    Alabama 1

    DISTANCE

    < 100 ft 35

    101-500 ft 51

    501 ft - 1 Mile 50

    Over 1 Mile 77

    Unknown 42

    NO VALUE 53

    ERT

    Most impressively there were 12 Landings, Hovering, or Takeoffs reported, and 17 Entities observed.

    https://mufon.com/ }

    12-05-2025 om 21:58 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:ARTICLES of MUFON ( ENG)
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Only Known Video of Soviet Kosmos 482 crashes back to Earth days early, UFO UAP Sighting News.

    Only Known Video of Soviet Kosmos 482 crashes back to Earth days early, UFO UAP Sighting News.

    Credit: NUFORC 189383 

    Date of sighting: May 5, 2025
    Location of sighting: Splendora, Texas, USA
     
    I was going through recent NUFORC reports and found this one, that looked like falling space junk debris and even NUFORC labeled it as such too. I agree not only is it debris, but it's the Soviet Kosmos 482 craft falling to earth a few days earlier than they predicted. Texas skies are known for their clear view of the cosmos, and this video is more evidence of that. No aliens here, but...I found the only existing video in the world of Soviet Kosmos 482. Thats something ring?
    Scott C. Waring - UFO Sightings Daily
     
    Eyewitness states: 
    Saw multiple fireball looking objects flying through the sky. Had enough time to pull over on the side of the road and video. Me, my fiance, and my son were driving home headed west on FM 2090 at 12:05am on 5/5/25. When we saw multiple fireballs streaking through the sky. We had enough time to stop the car, get out, and video record the remainder of the fireballs streaking through the sky. They were coming from the west and disappeared in the eastward.

    sky.

    { https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

    12-05-2025 om 21:18 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Glowing disk over Los Angeles, California May 7, 2025, UFO UAP Sighting News.

    Glowing disk over Los Angeles, California May 7, 2025, UFO UAP Sighting News.

    Credit: NUFORC 
    Date of sighting: May 7, 2025
    Location of sighting: At Northridge, Los Angeles, CA. 
     
    Eyewitness states:
    • No description included.
    Now this is short but sweat. This raw video came in is only about 9 seconds, but I made two close ups at the end one normal color and one thermal filter. I want to give people a clear view of what they are seeing. This looks like 4-6 glowing orbs but is actually one large UFO. It's hovering in the distance and can only be seen for the exact right angle. This is absolute proof aliens visit Los Angeles. 
    Scott C. Waring 

    { https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

    12-05-2025 om 21:04 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Was the Apollo 17 moon landing faked or was it real, survey to see the public opinion, UFO UAP sighting News.

    Was the Apollo 17 moon landing faked or was it real, survey to see the public opinion, UFO UAP sighting News.

     
    So...everyone wants to know the truth, but if it comes out...and its not good...it might damage the image of America forever in the eyes of foreign countries, US public and future generations of America. The shame it could carry for centuries. 

    I decided to make a simple survey. This way I can get an idea of how good/bad it might affect people if...someone...anyone...discovers evidence to the truth. It would be funny if someone had this information but was holding it back. 

    Hey, remember comments are on and anyone can leave their thoughts without signing in or anything. Just tell us what you are thinking. 

    Scott C. Waring

     

    https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

    12-05-2025 om 18:42 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:MYSTERIES ( Fr, Nl, E)
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.The humanoid Mantis Beings: Have they been here since ancient times?

    The humanoid Mantis Beings: Have they been here since ancient times?

    What would you do if you suddenly felt an unseen presence, turned around—and found yourself face to face with a seven-foot-tall, insect-like entity? Since 2006, anglers along New Jersey’s Musconetcong River have reported startling encounters with just such a being: a towering, humanoid creature that closely resembles a praying mantis. 

    But these aren’t just fleeting sightings. Witnesses frequently describe deeply unsettling experiences: telepathic communication, a sense of their thoughts or memories being accessed, and profound physiological effects. Consistent patterns emerge—electronic devices glitch, the surrounding forest falls unnaturally silent, and a strange, low-frequency hum seems to vibrate through the air. 
    More intriguingly, these mantis-like figures aren’t limited to modern encounters. Strikingly similar forms appear in ancient art across the globe, from 8,000-year-old cave paintings to references in Egyptian iconography. Could these entities have been with us since the dawn of civilization? 
    Theories vary widely. Some suggest these beings are an advanced species of insectoid extraterrestrials, possibly master geneticists overseeing hybridization programs involving humanity. Others propose a more Earth-bound origin, perhaps they’re a secret lineage of evolved terrestrial insects, hiding in the shadows of time. 
    And then there’s the interdimensional hypothesis: that these creatures aren’t physical in the way we understand, but exist in a parallel state of reality, occasionally phasing into ours. 
    Some researchers have even speculated that geological fault lines, like those beneath the Musconetcong River, could serve as energetic gateways, allowing these entities to cross between dimensions. 
    One thing is clear: the Mantis beings are watching and they may have been here far longer than we’ve dared to imagine.
      

     

    http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

    12-05-2025 om 18:32 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Aliens Among Us? 5 Scariest UFO Encounters Shared on Joe Rogan

    Aliens Among Us? 5 Scariest UFO Encounters Shared on Joe Rogan

    The Scariest ALIEN Stories In Joe Rogan History

    5 Scariest Alien Stories Ever Told on the Joe Rogan Podcast

    The Joe Rogan Experience has become a modern hub for controversial topics and mind-bending interviews—but few themes have captured attention like the chilling stories of alien encounters. Across several episodes, guests ranging from documentary filmmakers to Navy pilots have shared their firsthand experiences or investigations into unexplained phenomena. Here are five of the most frightening and compelling alien stories ever told on Joe Rogan’s podcast.

    1. The Zimbabwe School Encounter (1994)

    Guest: James Fox | Episode #1574

    In a remote village in Rua, Zimbabwe, 62 schoolchildren aged 6 to 12 claimed they saw a silver, disc-shaped craft land near their school playground. Several described small humanoid beings with large black eyes and shiny black suits. Strangely, the beings were said to communicate telepathically, warning the children about environmental destruction.

    Documentary filmmaker James Fox, initially skeptical, later worked on a film investigating the incident. He interviewed the now-adult witnesses—many of whom had never shared their stories due to fear of ridicule. Their detailed consistency and emotional reactions decades later offer one of the most credible UFO mass sightings in history.

    2. Brazil’s Roswell: The Varginha Incident (1996)

    Guest: James Fox | Episode #1976

    Over a period of several days in January 1996, residents of Varginha, Brazil, reported seeing cigar- and disc-shaped objects flying erratically. But the most terrifying account came from three young women who claimed to encounter a strange creature with oily brown skin, red eyes, and a pungent odor of sulfur.

    Witnesses say the Brazilian military captured the being and transferred it to a hospital, where secrecy intensified. A military officer who allegedly touched the being died weeks later from an unknown infection. Fox described firsthand testimonies, including one from a man who transported the entity—saying the encounter ruined his life due to threats and surveillance.

    3. Travis Walton’s Alien Abduction (1975)

    Guest: Travis Walton | Episode #1597

    Travis Walton was part of a logging crew in Arizona when he disappeared after being struck by a beam from a hovering UFO. He reappeared five days later, confused and frightened. He later recalled waking inside an alien craft, surrounded by beings with large eyes and no facial expressions. After attacking them, he met tall, humanoid figures before blacking out.

    Walton and his coworkers all passed polygraph tests, and Walton has maintained his story for over 40 years. The physical, psychological, and testimonial evidence surrounding this case continues to challenge skeptics.

    4. Joe Rogan’s Visit to Skinwalker Ranch

    Guests: Jason Sans & Lenval Logan | Episode #2264

    Skinwalker Ranch in Utah has long been a magnet for paranormal activity. Joe Rogan recounted a visit during which he interviewed locals who had experienced bizarre events. One man described a glowing orb entering his house, seemingly communicating telepathically before disappearing through a wall. Other cases involved orbs appearing in doorways and even being caught on camera.

    These phenomena tie into a broader pattern of electromagnetic disturbances, unexplained illnesses, and military-level secrecy at the ranch—fueling theories that it sits at a convergence point of interdimensional activity.

    5. Navy Pilot Witnesses UFOs Regularly (2014–2015)

    Guest: Ryan Graves | Episode #1883

    Navy pilot and aerospace engineer Ryan Graves revealed that during training missions off the East Coast, he and fellow pilots routinely saw unidentified flying objects on upgraded radar systems. These craft could hover motionless in 140-mph winds and then accelerate to hundreds of miles per hour in erratic flight paths.

    One incident involved a UFO flying directly between two fighter jets. The object was described visually as a dark cube suspended inside a translucent sphere—matching other civilian reports across the U.S. These objects defy known physics and remain unexplained.

    Final Thoughts

    These five stories highlight a common thread: consistency across witnesses, physical evidence, and long-term psychological impact. Whether you’re a skeptic or a believer, the accounts shared on the Joe Rogan Experience make it hard to ignore the possibility that we are not alone—and that some of them may already be here.

     .

    https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

    12-05-2025 om 18:17 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
    11-05-2025
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Space photo of the week: Bizarre 1-armed spiral galaxy stuns Hubble scientists

    Space photo of the week: Bizarre 1-armed spiral galaxy stuns Hubble scientists

    An image of a spiral galaxy
    The Hubble Space Telescope's image of spiral galaxy Arp 184/NGC 1961. 
    (Image credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, J. Dalcanton, R. J. Foley (UC Santa Cruz), C. Kilpatrick)
    • What it is: Arp 184 (NGC 1961)
    • Where it is: 190 million light-years distant in the constellation Camelopardalis, the giraffe.
    • When it was shared: April 29, 2025
    • Why it's so special: What if a galaxy had only one spiral arm?

    Our solar system resides on the outskirts of one of the Milky Way galaxy's estimated four spiral arms, according to Space.com, but not all galaxies are like that. In the latest image from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, a strange galaxy called NGC 1961 comes into focus that has just one — a single broad, star-speckled spiral arm that appears to stretch toward us as the galaxy is viewed from a skewed angle.

    It may seem a dramatic point of view, but it's merely what Hubble sees from its line of sight on its orbital path around Earth. On the far side of the newly imaged galaxy, beyond swirls of stars and dust around a bright center, there is no similarly impressive spiral arm, with just a few wisps of gas and stars instead. The image is also available as a panoramic video, a zoomable version, and as a 15-megapixel download.

    An image of a spiral galaxy

    An uncropped version of the image. 
    (Image credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, J. Dalcanton, R. J. Foley (UC Santa Cruz), C. Kilpatrick)

    Its sole spiral arm long ago earned NGC 1961 the additional name Arp 184 and a place in the Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies, a catalog of galaxies that are neither perfectly symmetrical spiral galaxies nor smooth, spherical elliptical galaxies. First published in 1966 by American astronomer Halton Arp, the atlas collects 338 galaxies that are oddly shaped, many because they're interacting with other galaxies. Others in the atlas are dwarf galaxies in flux.

    Related: 

    There's another reason why Hubble targeted Arp 184/NGC 1961. It's hosted four known supernovas — the powerful explosion of a dying star — in the past four decades (in 1998, 2001, 2013 and 2021). It's exceptionally rare to catch a supernova in the act, so galaxies with a proven track record like this one make prime targets.

    Arp 184/NGC 1961 was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel in 1788, seven years after he discovered the planet Uranus, the first planet to be found in modern times.

    According to observations from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, the Milky Way has two main spiral arms — the Perseus and Scutum-Centaurus arms — and two less obvious arms, the Sagittarius and Norma arms. Two minor spiral arms are close to the galaxy's center, the Far-3 kiloparsec arm and the Near-3 kiloparsec arm. Our solar system exists in the Orion Spur between the Sagittarius and Perseus arms.

    https://www.livescience.com/space }

    11-05-2025 om 23:53 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.NASA Mars satellite uncovers markings 'like paint dripping down a wall' on Martian surface

    NASA Mars satellite uncovers markings 'like paint dripping down a wall' on Martian surface

    A photograph taken from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, which shows wave-like patterns inside a Mars crater.
    Mars has wave-like soil patterns that match those found on Earth. This image, taken fromthe Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, shows the patterns inside a Mars crater. 
    (Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/UArizona)

    High-resolution satellite images have revealed dripping paint-like patterns on Mars that match those found on Earth, according to a new study.

    The familiar soil patterns suggest that Mars and Earth were shaped by similar forces. On Earth, the patterns form on the slopes of cold, mountainous regions where soils freeze and thaw throughout the year. If Mars once had the same icy, wet conditions, then these patterns could be a good place to explore the role that liquid water may have had in shaping the Red Planet and its potential to harbor signs of life.

    "Understanding how these patterns form offers valuable insight into Mars' climate history, especially the potential for past freezing and thawing cycles, though more work is needed to tell if these features formed recently or long ago," study lead author JohnPaul Sleiman, a doctoral student in the department of Earth and environmental sciences at the University of Rochester in New York, said in a statement.

    Mars Sample Return Mission – NASA & ESA’s Historic Journey to Bring Mars Rocks to Earth #mars #nasa
    Mars in 4K: Perseverance’s Rock Sample Collection

    "Ultimately, this research could help us identify signs of past or present environments on other planets that may support or limit potential life," Sleiman added.

    The researchers published their findings online March 26 in the journal Icarus.

    Related: 

    On Earth, soil patterns like this are known as solifluction lobes. They form when a sheet of frozen ground partially thaws and loosens, causing soil to creep downhill. The effect creates wave-like patterns on the side of hills in cold regions. Mars is further away from the sun than Earth, and typically much colder, but the Martian lobes only occur at high latitudes.

    Some previous studies have suggested that Mars' high-latitude regions may have experienced freeze-thaw conditions in the planet's recent climate history, which would explain why it has similar lobes. However, there are many unanswered questions surrounding the Martian lobes, including why they appear to be significantly larger than those on Earth, according to the study.

    A photograph of solifluction lobes on Earth.

    The wave-like soil patterns form in cold, mountainous regions on Earth. 
    (Image credit: Gerald Corsi via Getty Images)

    By analyzing high-resolution satellite imagery of the Martian surface taken by the HiRISE camera aboard NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, the research team saw that the wave-like landforms followed the same basic geometric pattern as those in Earth's Rocky Mountains, Arctic and other cold mountainous regions, according to the statement.

    Study co-author Rachel Glade, an assistant professor in the department of Earth and environmental sciences at the University of Rochester, likened the landforms to patterns seen in fluids. These patterns "are large, slow-moving, granular examples of common patterns found in everyday fluids, like paint dripping down a wall," Glade said in the statement.

    The team also confirmed that the Martian lobes were larger than Earth's — around 2.6 times taller on average. To explain this, they proposed that Mars has taller lobes because its gravity is weaker, which allows waves of accumulating sediment to grow taller before collapsing, according to the study.

    The findings reinforce previous suspicions that Mars' lobes are — or were — linked to ground ice, with their patterns resembling what would be expected from fluid-like instabilities. However, the researchers couldn't be certain that liquid water was involved just from the satellite data. The authors suggested that future laboratory experiments could explore whether ice and liquid water are both required for the wave-like patterns to form.

    https://www.livescience.com/space }

    11-05-2025 om 23:30 geschreven door peter  

    0 1 2 3 4 5 - Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen)
    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.It's Been a Year Since the Most Powerful Solar Storm in Decades. What Did We Learn?

    It's Been a Year Since the Most Powerful Solar Storm in Decades. What Did We Learn?

    sdo-sun.jpeg
    Image NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory captured this image of the Sun on May 7, 2024

    Our local star the Sun is a vast sphere of electrically charged gas (plasma) and is the beating heart of our Solar System, bathing our world in life giving heat and light 150 million kilometres away.  A main-sequence star, it’s composed primarily of hydrogen and helium, converting four million tons of matter into energy every second through nuclear fusion in its core. With surface temperatures reaching 5,500°C and a diameter 109 times that of Earth, the Sun has illuminated our planet for 4.6 billion years and will continue to shine for (hopefully) another 5 billion more before expanding into a red giant.

    The Sun in white light showing sunspots and faculae

    Of the many events visible on the Sun, solar storms are powerful eruptions of energy from that hurl charged particles and electromagnetic radiation into space at tremendous speeds. These violent phenomena begin as solar flares or coronal mass ejections (CMEs) on the Sun’s visible surface, where magnetic field lines twist, break, and explosively reconnect. When directed toward Earth, these storms can interact with our planet's magnetic field, triggering geomagnetic disturbances that create spectacular auroras but also pose serious risks to modern infrastructure.

    Solar Orbiter view of the Sun showing solar flares

    A year ago, NASA and other government agencies gathered to simulate responding to such events due to the potential risks yet their simulations were interrupted by the most powerful solar storm in over two decades. The G5 level event that was named the Gannon storm (named after space weather physicist Jennifer Gannon,) struck Earth on 10 May 2024. It transformed their tabletop exercise into a real-world response. While this powerful solar event—capable of damaging satellites, overloading electrical grids, and endangering astronauts—didn't cause catastrophic damage, it provided valuable insights to help prepare for future solar threats.

    The storm caused widespread disruptions on Earth and in space. High-voltage lines tripped and transformers overheated in the US and GPS-guided tractors went off course. In the air, increased radiation risk and communication issues forced trans-Atlantic flights to reroute. The storm also heated the thermosphere to over 1,100°C, causing it to expand and create strong winds that pushed heavy nitrogen particles higher. This expansion increased atmospheric drag on satellites, causing some to lose altitude or deorbit early, and forcing others to use more power to stay in orbit and avoid debris.

    Not all farms were affected, but those that were lost on average about $17,000 per farm - Terry Griffin, a professor of Agricultural Economics at Kansas State University.

    Rare global auroral displays were also triggered, with over 6,000 sightings reported from 55 countries across all continents. In Japan, unusually high magenta auroras puzzled scientists until they found, through photo analysis, that these lights appeared about 600 miles above Earth—much higher than usual. A study concluded the rare colour came from a mix of red and blue auroras caused by oxygen and nitrogen molecules lifted by the storm's heating and expansion of the upper atmosphere. NASA called it a unique and exceptional event.

    The Sun’s intense activity didn’t just affect Earth—it also hit Mars. NASA’s MAVEN spacecraft observed auroral displays covering Mars between May 14 and 20. The solar particles disrupted the star camera on the Mars Odyssey orbiter, causing it to shut down temporarily, and create visual "snow" in images from Curiosity’s cameras. Most notably, Curiosity recorded its highest-ever radiation spike, with levels that would have exposed astronauts to the equivalent of 30 chest X-rays.

    The launch of MAVEN by an Atlas V rocket on 18 November 2013

    (Credit : NASA)

    The Gannon storm stands as a stark reminder of the Sun’s immense power, spreading aurora to unusually low latitudes and earning the title of the best-documented geomagnetic storm in history. It has provided an unprecedented set of data that scientists are still analysing a year later. From unexpected radiation surges on Mars to tractor disruptions in the American Midwest, the storm highlighted both the beauty and the vulnerability of life under the influence of our local star. As researchers continue to unravel the Gannon storm’s many effects, the lessons learned will shape future strategies for protecting technology, infrastructure, and even astronauts from the Sun.

    Source : 

    RELATED VIDEOS

    https://www.universetoday.com/ }

    11-05-2025 om 22:33 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.There's Liquid Water Deep Down on Mars

    There's Liquid Water Deep Down on Mars

    wateronmars.jpeg
    Liquid water was abundant on Mars before ~3 billion years ago (left) but vanished as the planet transitioned into the cold, dry environment we see today (right).
    Art from https://i.ytimg.com/vi/pOcV7XbbfDs/maxresdefault.jpg.

    Mars, the fourth planet from the Sun, has fascinated us for generations. This cold, dusty world features some of the Solar System's most dramatic landscapes, including massive canyons, towering volcanoes, and sprawling plains. While Mars appears dry and barren today, mounting evidence indicates it once had significant amounts of liquid water. Orbital imagery shows ancient riverbeds and what appear to be dried lake beds, while rovers have identified minerals that typically form in watery environments. These discoveries suggest Mars experienced a warmer, wetter period billions of years ago before transforming into the arid planet we observe today.

    A full globe image of Mars showing its many features

    A team of international scientists from China, Australia, and Italy investigated this very mystery; whether liquid water—crucial for habitability and once abundant on ancient Mars—still exists beneath the planet's surface. Their research addresses fundamental questions about potential Martian life and future human exploration.

    "Water involves profound questions about life and humanity's future on the Red Planet” - lead researcher Dr. Hrvoje Tkalčić from the Australian National University.

    The international geophysicists and geologists analysed seismic data from NASA's InSight mission, examining waveforms from two major meteorite impacts and Mars' largest recorded quake to investigate the planet's crustal structure. Their research revealed a significant low shear-wave velocity anomaly 5.4-8 kilometres beneath the surface, strongly suggesting the presence of liquid water at the base of Mars' upper crust. The team calculated this potential water reservoir could contain the equivalent of a 520-780 meter deep global water layer if spread across the entire Martian surface.

    InSight Lander in Mars-Surface Configuration

    (Credit : NASA/JPL-Caltech/Lockheed Martin)

    The research team cautions that their estimate of Martian subsurface water is based only on data from beneath the InSight lander and doesn't account for regional variations or potentially primordial water elsewhere in the crust. Their groundbreaking detection of substantial liquid water 5.4-8 kilometres below the surface of Mars provides crucial insights into the planet's water cycle and habitability, though confirmation will require additional seismic missions.

    This study transforms our understanding of Mars, suggesting the Red Planet didn't simply lose its water—it hid it underground. The discovery of a potentially vast subsurface reservoir challenges long-held assumptions about the evolution of Mars and dramatically improves prospects for future human exploration. With accessible water potentially available beneath the surface, establishing sustainable Martian outposts becomes more feasible.

    View of Jezero acquired by Perseverance's left navigation camera

    (Credit : NASA)

    As space agencies plan ambitious crewed missions to Mars in coming decades, these findings will shape mission objectives, landing site selections, and resource utilisation strategies. Beyond practical implications, this research opens exciting new possibilities in astrobiology, as subsurface liquid water environments could provide sheltered habitats where Martian microorganisms might have survived or even thrived long after the surface became inhospitable.

    Source :

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    https://www.universetoday.com/ }

    11-05-2025 om 22:07 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.The Plato Mission Just Got Dozens of Cameras Installed

    The Plato Mission Just Got Dozens of Cameras Installed

    plato.jpeg
    Plato's cameras

    Hunting for exoplanets has transformed from science fiction to cutting-edge science fact in recent decades. Scientists use ingenious methods to spot these distant worlds, often looking for the subtle dimming of stars as planets cross their faces or the slight gravitational wobble planets induce in their host stars. Modern observatories like NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and the James Webb Space Telescope have turned this cosmic treasure hunt into an age of discovery revealing thousands of worlds beyond our Solar System.

    Artist impression of an exoplanet around a distant star

    The European Space Agency's PLATO mission will soon join this flotilla of planet-hunting spacecraft. Set to launch in 2026, PLATO (PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars) features an array of 26 high-precision cameras working together to continuously monitor vast regions of the sky. Unlike previous planet hunters, PLATO will specialise in finding and characterizing Earth-like planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars by simultaneously tracking the faint dimming of light from over 200,000 stars.

    Artist impression of PLATO

    (Credit - By ESA/ATG medialab)

    PLATO is rapidly taking shape with 24 of its 26 sophisticated cameras now mounted on the spacecraft's optical bench to ensures precise alignment. The remaining two "fast" cameras will be installed in the coming weeks, while the spacecraft's supporting structure is being assembled in parallel at OHB in Germany.

    "It's rewarding to see the progress we have made from last year when the work to mount the cameras started: with 24 cameras now in place, we see Plato taking its proper shape," - Thomas Walloschek, ESA's PLATO Project Manager.

    PLATO's observational prowess comes from its strategic camera arrangement: 24 "normal" cameras positioned in four groups of six, each aimed at slightly different parts of the sky to collectively monitor about 5% of the celestial sphere simultaneously. Complementing these are two "fast" cameras that rapidly image the brightest stars within the same field and provide positioning coordinates to the spacecraft's guidance system. Meanwhile, engineers at OHB are constructing PLATO's service module, which houses the essential computers, orientation controls, propulsion systems, power distribution, and communication components. The integration of the camera-carrying payload module with this service module is scheduled for summer at OHB's facilities.

    Main building in Bremen

    (Credit - Marko Schade)

    Building the PLATO satellite requires a new level of precision as engineers carefully mount its delicate cameras to ensure perfect alignment for detecting the faintest signals from distant stars. The sophisticated instruments are designed to capture minute brightness variations that occur when exoplanets transit their host stars. Beyond planet hunting, PLATO will revolutionize stellar science by monitoring "starquakes"—subtle brightness fluctuations that reveal a star's internal structure and age. This comprehensive approach, combining space observations with ground-based telescope follow-ups, will allow scientists to determine both the sizes and masses of newly discovered exoplanets.

    Source :

    https://www.universetoday.com/ }

    11-05-2025 om 21:38 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:ASTRONOMIE / RUIMTEVAART
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Mantis Overlords: Ancient Aliens or Earth’s Hidden Rulers?

    Mantis Overlords: Ancient Aliens or Earth’s Hidden Rulers?

    For decades, stories of alien abductions and mysterious creatures have flooded the paranormal landscape. But one specific entity has consistently stood out for its strangeness, intelligence, and chilling consistency: the Mantis Beings. Towering insectoid creatures, described as resembling humanoid praying mantises, have been reported across the globe—from ancient cave paintings to modern-day abduction experiences.

    Encounters Along the Musconetcong River

    In New Jersey, the quiet Musconetcong River has become a hotspot for reported sightings. Since 2006, multiple witnesses have come forward with eerily similar experiences: the forest falls silent, electronics fail, and a tall insectoid figure emerges—often accompanied by a low, humming vibration.

    One of the earliest sightings came from a fisherman named Paul Jax, who described locking eyes with a seven-foot-tall being that seemed surprised he could see it. Shortly after, the creature vanished. Others, like Joe Pari, have reported telepathic contact, memory extraction, and paralysis during encounters with these beings—beings they say are not just aliens, but rulers in a complex extraterrestrial hierarchy.

    Patterns in Abduction Testimonies

    What makes the Mantis phenomenon so compelling is the consistency across thousands of abduction cases. People from different cultures and continents report the same appearance: triangular heads, large black eyes, thin insect-like bodies, and a commanding presence.

    These beings don’t act alone. In many abduction stories—like the famous Terry Lovelace case from Devil’s Den State Park—witnesses report seeing smaller gray aliens working under the supervision of the Mantis beings. According to abductees, these Mantis entities often oversee medical procedures, communicate telepathically, and appear cold, efficient, and in complete control.

    Ancient Evidence in Stone

    Intriguingly, the Mantis narrative is not limited to modern experiences. Ancient civilizations may have also recorded these beings in their art and mythology. In Tamura, Iran, researchers discovered a petroglyph of a humanoid figure with mantis-like features, dated between 4,000 and 40,000 years old. In Africa, the San people (also known as the Khoisan) included mantis-headed figures in their rock art, often depicting them as creator gods.

    These depictions span continents and cultures with no known contact, from early Mesopotamian and Egyptian texts to Native American legends—suggesting a global presence that predates written history.

    A Portal in New Jersey?

    One theory proposed by researchers is that certain geographic locations may act as gateways between dimensions. The Musconetcong River lies near several fault lines, which some scientists say could produce unusual electromagnetic fields. NASA refers to similar phenomena as “X-points,” or magnetic portals where Earth’s and the Sun’s magnetic fields connect. Could this explain the frequent sightings and strange activity in the area?

    Some believe these locations serve as doorways, allowing interdimensional beings like the Mantis to enter our reality. Witnesses often describe their presence as distorting time, disabling electronics, and overwhelming the senses.

    What Are They After?

    Unlike the image of curious extraterrestrial explorers, Mantis beings appear to have a purpose. Abduction accounts, telepathic messages, and ancient stories suggest they are not merely observers—they’re here with a plan.

    Some theories claim these entities have guided human development, influencing civilizations from behind the scenes. Others fear the Mantis are conducting long-term genetic experiments or harvesting knowledge and energy from humanity. Regardless of motive, one theme remains consistent: they are not new to this planet.

    The Overlords Among Us?

    Paranormal researchers, including Harvard psychiatrist Dr. John Mack, have extensively documented abduction cases and concluded that many cannot be dismissed as delusion. When so many individuals—many without mental illness or exposure to the subject—describe the same beings, the question is no longer if these entities exist, but who they are.

    https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

    11-05-2025 om 21:17 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:LATEST ( UFO ) VIDEO NEWS ( ENG)
    10-05-2025
    Klik hier om een link te hebben waarmee u dit artikel later terug kunt lezen.Wetenschappers geven onverwoestbaar beerdiertje een tatoeage – en daar hebben ze goede redenen voor

    Wetenschappers geven onverwoestbaar beerdiertje een tatoeage – en daar hebben ze goede redenen voor

    Beerdiertjes hebben al heel wat meegemaakt. Zo hebben wetenschappers ze al eens ingevroren, de ruimte in geschoten en in een geladen geweer gestopt en afgevuurd. En daar blijft het niet bij, want onlangs hebben onderzoekers de arme organismen ook nog eens getatoeëerd.

    Beerdiertjes zijn slechts een halve millimeter lang, maar onverwoestbaar gebleken. Zo hebben wetenschappers ze al eens volledig uit laten drogen, bevroren tot nabij het absolute nulpunt, verhit tot 148 graden Celsius en blootgesteld aan het vacuüm van de ruimte en een mate van straling die voor mensen dodelijk is. Maar de beerdiertjes gaven geen krimp en overleefden het allemaal. Zelfs experimenten waarin beerdiertjes in geladen geweren werden gestopt en met hoge snelheid werden afgevuurd – en ja, die hebben echt plaatsgevonden! – resulteerden niet in de dood van de kleine beestjes.

    Tatoeage
    En met dat onverwoestbare karakter hebben de beerdiertjes nu de aandacht getrokken van Chinese onderzoekers. Zij besloten vervolgens na te gaan of het schier onoverwinnelijke organisme ook het zetten van een soort tatoeage weer te boven kon komen. Hun bevindingen zijn terug te lezen in het blad Nano Letters en onthullen – jawel – dat beerdiertjes ook van het zetten van een tatoeage niet direct onder de indruk zijn.

    Microfabricage
    Het klinkt misschien als een ietwat lachwekkende onderzoeksvraag: kan een beerdiertje een tatoeage laten zetten en vrolijk voort leven? Maar dat is het zeer zeker niet. De betrokken wetenschappers houden zich namelijk bezig met microfabricage. Dit is een proces waarbij zeer kleine structuren – meestal op de schaal van micrometers of zelfs nanometers – worden gemaakt en dat bijvoorbeeld reeds heeft geleid tot de productie van microprocessoren en zonnecellen. Maar wetenschappers willen meer. Zo zouden ze bijvoorbeeld graag in staat zijn om micro- of nanosensoren direct op levend weefsel te printen, zo legt onderzoeker Ding Zhao aan Scientias.nl uit. “Microfabricage maakt het mogelijk om apparaten uiterst dicht op elkaar te integreren, binnen zeer beperkte ruimtes. Wanneer deze techniek wordt toegepast op levende organismen, minimaliseert dit de fysieke verstoring, wat helpt om de natuurlijke lichamelijke functies van het organisme te behouden.” Er is alleen één probleem: traditionele micro- en nanofabricagetechnieken zijn momenteel niet biocompatibel en zelfs ronduit gevaarlijk voor levend weefsels.

    IJslithografie
    Maar er gloort hoop. Want sinds kort is er ijslithografie. “Dit is een opkomende fabricagemethode waarvan is aangetoond dat deze patronen kan aanbrengen op kwetsbare delicate ondergronden,” legt Zhao uit. “Deze techniek vereist echter nog steeds barre omstandigheden, zoals bevriezing en een vacuümomgeving.” Levende weefsels moeten namelijk in een vacuüm worden geplaatst en met een ijscoating worden bedekt, waarna men met elektronenbundels een patroon in die ijscoating ’tekent’ dat pas zichtbaar wordt als het weefsel weer wordt verwarmd en de ijscoating smelt. In een eerste poging om na te gaan of ijslithografie op kleine, levende organismen kan worden toegepast, besloten de onderzoekers dan ook al snel een beroep te doen op de onverwoestbare beerdiertjes. “Want beerdiertjes staan bekend om hun extreme stressbestendigheid.”

    Het experiment
    Die stressbestendigheid hebben beerdiertjes mede te danken aan een slimme overlevingsstrategie die ook wel aangeduid wordt als cryptobiose. Zodra de omstandigheden waarin beerdiertjes leven onleefbaar worden, gaan ze in cryptobiose. Hun stofwisseling komt dan vrijwel stil te liggen en de beerdiertjes lijken bijna dood te zijn. Maar schijn bedriegt: wanneer de omstandigheden beter worden, komen de beerdiertjes uit cryptobiose en gaan ze weer verder waar ze gebleven waren. Omdat het tatoeage-avontuur een bevriezing, blootstelling aan straling en een vacuüm behelsde, besloten de onderzoekers de beerdiertjes eerst in cryptobiose te laten gaan. Ze lieten de beerdiertjes daartoe grotendeels uitdrogen. Eenmaal in cryptobiose werden de beerdiertjes klaargemaakt voor hun tatoeage. Ze werden in een vacuüm geplaatst, blootgesteld aan temperaturen van ongeveer -143 graden Celsius en bedekt met anisol – een naar anijs ruikend goedje. Vervolgens gebruikten de wetenschappers een elektronenbundel om een patroon in de anisol te kerven. Alleen anisol dat door de elektronenbundel werd beroerd, transformeerde tot een biocompatibel materiaal dat bij hogere temperaturen aan het beerdiertje bleef plakken. Dus toen de onderzoekers het beerdiertje weer opwarmden, verdampte de anisol die niet door de elektronenbundel was beroerd en vormde het door de elektronenbundel beroerde anisol een fraaie ‘tatoeage’. Door het uitgedroogde beerdiertje vervolgens weer te hydrateren, kwam deze uit cryptobiose en ging – met tatoeage – vrolijk verder waar deze gebleven was.

    Sterfte
    Tenminste: soms. Ongeveer 40 procent van de beerdiertjes overleefde het zetten van de tatoeage en hervatte de activiteiten, zonder ogenschijnlijk hinder te ondervinden van de tatoeage. Dat 60 procent stierf, komt volgens Zhao waarschijnlijk niet door de tatoeage zelf. “We kunnen niet volledig uitsluiten dat het aanbrengen van het patroon enige schade aanrichtte. Maar het feit dat een substantieel aantal beerdiertjes de ingreep overleefde en daarna de activiteiten hervatte, wijst erop dat de schade die de procedure zelf met zich meebracht beperkt was en niet de belangrijkste oorzaak van de dood van de beerdiertjes was.” Dat 60 procent van de beerdiertjes het loodje legde, zou eerder te wijten zijn aan natuurlijke, onderlinge verschillen in stressbestendigheid, zo stelt Zhao. Ook is het mogelijk dat de beerdiertjes niet op de meest optimale manier in cryptobiose zijn gegaan en dat daardoor hun kansen om daar weer levend uit te komen, flink afnamen.

    Overwinning
    Voor de onderzoekers is het duidelijk al een hele overwinning dat 40 procent van de beerdiertjes hun tatoeage-avontuur hebben overleefd en daarna – met tatoeage – ook hun leven weer konden oppakken. “Voor het eerst zijn we erin geslaagd om micro- tot nanoschaalpatronen met precisie rechtstreeks aan te brengen op het oppervlak van levende beerdiertjes,” benadrukt Zhao. “Gezien het onregelmatige en kwetsbare oppervlak van hun lichaam is dat veelzeggend (…) Het meest verbazingwekkende was nog wel dat de ‘getatoeëerde’ beerdiertjes niet alleen de procedure overleefden, maar ook in staat bleven om normaal te bewegen.”

    Uitdagingen
    De onderzoekers zien hun bevindingen als een ‘proof of concept’: bewijs dat het idee om micro- en nanofabricagetechnieken rechtstreeks op levende organismen toe te passen realiteit kan worden. Tegelijkertijd erkennen ze dat er nog een lange weg te gaan is. “Het toepassen van deze techniek op kleinere of kwetsbaardere organismen brengt aanzienlijke uitdagingen met zich mee,” erkent Zhao. Zo zijn die organismen bijvoorbeeld vaak niet opgewassen tegen de bevriezing die met de toepassing van ijslithografie gepaard gaat. “Om verdere vooruitgang te boeken, zullen we de experimentele omstandigheden moeten optimaliseren en mogelijk het fabricageproces volledig moeten herontwerpen.”

    Onderzoeker Gavin King, uitvinder van de ijslithografie, maar niet betrokken bij het onderzoek, ziet het desalniettemin zonnig in. “Het is een uitdaging om levend materiaal te voorzien van patronen, maar dit is een stap vooruit en hint op een nieuwe generatie biomaterialen en biofysische sensoren die tot nu toe alleen in sciencefiction bestonden.”

    Bronmateriaal

    GERELATEERDE VIDEO'S

     

    https://scientias.nl/nieuws/natuur-klimaat/ }

    10-05-2025 om 23:32 geschreven door peter  

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    Categorie:Diversen (Eng, NL en Fr)


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