The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
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Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie!
Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek!
België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek
In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch.
Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie
Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen!
Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit
Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie.
Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie
Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen.
Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen
Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek!
Blijf Op De Hoogte!
Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren!
Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.
14-10-2025
Ancient Babylonian map points to Noah’s Ark?
Ancient Babylonian map points to Noah’s Ark?
Locked away in the British Museum is a palm-sized clay tablet that could turn biblical history upside down. To most, it looks like nothing, just faded lines on ancient clay. But this 2,500-year-old artifact, known as the Babylonian Map of the World, may secretly hold the location of Noah’s Ark itself.
For years, experts thought the tablet was just a symbolic diagram. Now, new research by Irving Finkel and Edith Horsley reveals something shocking, it’s not myth, it’s a real map of the ancient world. And one mysterious inscription on it might point directly to the mountain where the Ark came to rest.
The tablet describes eight distant lands beyond the “Bitter River,” the great ocean surrounding Babylon. One of those lands mentions a “Great Wall”, towering trees, and something called parsiktu, a word that only appears once elsewhere in all Mesopotamian writings: in the flood story of Atrahasis, the Babylonian Noah. The connection is jaw-dropping.
This single word ties the world’s first map directly to the world’s first flood story. According to Finkel, the missing piece of the tablet describes the very mountain where the Ark landed, in a region ancient scribes called Urartu, now eastern Turkey and Armenia… home of Mount Ararat.
For centuries, explorers and pilgrims have searched Ararat’s peaks for traces of the Ark. In 1959, a Turkish airman discovered the Durupınar formation, a massive, boat-shaped outline exactly 300 cubits long, just like the Bible describes. Metal readings, strange “anchor stones,” and petrified “ribs” sparked wild claims that the Ark had been found. Skeptics called it a geological illusion, but the shape is undeniable.
And it doesn’t stop there. In 1949, U.S. spy planes spotted a strange box-like anomaly high on Mount Ararat itself — a dark, rectangular shadow under the ice that still fuels modern Ark hunts today.
But maybe the story goes even deeper. In 2000, scientists discovered that the Black Sea was once dry land, until the Mediterranean suddenly burst through the Bosporus, unleashing a flood with 200 times the power of Niagara Falls. Entire civilizations would have vanished overnight. Could this have been the real Great Flood?
Marine legend Robert Ballard, the man who found the Titanic, dove into the Black Sea and discovered the ruins of an ancient village buried deep below the waves, along with freshwater shells that all died at the same moment. Proof, he said, of a sudden, catastrophic flood.
And incredibly, nearly every ancient culture tells the same story, from Mesopotamia to China, from the Andes to India, all describing a global deluge and a lone survivor in a great ship. Recent discoveries in China (2016), South America (2020), and India (2023) show evidence of massive prehistoric floods that eerily match these ancient myths.
Is it all coincidence, or are these stories fragments of a forgotten truth?
Maybe the Babylonians knew more than we ever imagined. Maybe that tiny clay tablet in the British Museum isn’t just a relic of the past… but the world’s first map to Noah’s Ark, and the final clue to a cataclysm that changed humanity forever.
The Earth’s magnetic field is our invisible protective shield. It keeps the planet safe from dangerous cosmic radiation and solar particles. But this shield has begun to weaken. Thanks to data from the European Space Agency’s Swarm satellite constellation, scientists have obtained worrying evidence: one of the weakest areas of the field — the South Atlantic Anomaly— is rapidly expanding.
South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA). Illustration generated by Copilot AI.
What is the South Atlantic Anomaly?
This anomaly is a huge area over the South Atlantic where the magnetic field is significantly weaker than normal. It was first discovered in the 19th century. Today, it poses a real threat to spacecraft. Satellites flying through this zone receive increased doses of radiation, which can damage their equipment.
The Swarm mission, consisting of three identical satellites, has been continuously measuring the Earth’s magnetic field since 2013. Data published this month shows that since 2014, the anomaly has expanded to cover almost half of Europe. But what is most concerning is that since 2020, an area of even more rapid weakening has formed over the Atlantic southwest of Africa.
The South Atlantic Anomaly in 2025 has grown significantly over the past 11 years. Illustration: ESA
“The South Atlantic Anomaly is not just one block,” explains Professor Chris Finlay, lead author of the study. “It changes in different ways. Something special is happening in this region, causing a more intense weakening”.
Probable cause
Scientists attribute this strange behavior to processes in the Earth’s core, at a depth of about 3,000 km. There molten iron creates electric currents that generate a magnetic field. Unusual areas have been discovered beneath the South Atlantic Anomaly – so-called “reverse flow zones.” There, instead of escaping outward, the magnetic field unexpectedly returns back to the core. Swarm data shows that one such zone is moving westward over Africa, which is exacerbating the weakening.
Global changes in the magnetic field
Recent discoveries emphasize that the Earth’s magnetic field is a dynamic and complex structure. For example, there are two powerful magnetic regions in the Northern Hemisphere: one above Canada and the other above Siberia. Since Swarm was launched, the Siberian region has strengthened, while the Canadian region has weakened. This is due to the fact that the North Magnetic Pole is rapidly drifting towards Siberia, which is important for global navigation systems.
Changes in the strong magnetic field over Canada and Siberia. Animation: ESA
The Swarm mission continues to provide unique data that helps us not only better understand our planet, but also protect our technological infrastructure. As mission leader Anja Stromme notes, they hope to continue this research after 2030 in order to obtain even more key answers.
Known as the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA), the region has expanded by an area nearly twice the size of Texassince 2014, and it is also slowly shifting westward toward Africa, according to a new study released on Monday.
The SAA has increased by up to 25 percent, as it moves about 14 miles west each year.
The expansion and movement are the result of turbulent flows of molten iron in Earth’s outer core, which generate unusual magnetic patterns that weaken the field in this part of the planet.
The Earth’s magnetic field, created by the swirling liquid iron thousands of miles beneath the surface, acts as a protective shield against dangerous charged particles from the sun and cosmic radiation.
Scientists warned that the weakening and shifting of this shield in the SAA is not just a scientific curiosity but has real-world consequences.
The SAA poses the greatest threat to satellites passing overhead, exposing spacecraft to higher levels of radiation that can temporarily disable electronics, corrupt data, or even cause permanent damage to critical hardware.
Satellites providing GPS, communications, and weather forecasting services for the US and around the world are particularly vulnerable when they pass through the anomaly.
The SAA has increased by up to 25 percent, as it moves about 14 miles west each year since 2014
Lead author Chris Finlay, Professor of Geomagnetism at the Technical University of Denmark, said in a statement: 'It's changing differently towards Africa than it is near South America.
'There's something special happening in this region that is causing the field to weaken in a more intense way.'
While regions outside of Earth contribute to the observed magnetic field, the primary source stems from inside the planet.
This, coupled with the tilt of the planet's magnetic axis, is what produces the SAA, according to Nasa.
In the southern hemisphere, weak magnetic areas under Africa are moving westward, while similar features in the mid-Atlantic are moving east.
Scientists warned the weak spot will let harmful radiation from the sun hit Earth, disrupting satellites in orbit
In the north, a strong magnetic zone under the Bering Strait is drifting west, and near Indonesia and the western Pacific, magnetic features are moving east.
These shifts are strongest near the equator, where the field is also experiencing rapid changes and oscillations.
The study, which analyzed 11 years of data from the European Space Agency’s (ESA) Swarm satellite constellation, also revealed other significant changes in Earth’s magnetic field.
This weakening can affect navigation systems, satellite operations, and even technologies that rely on geomagnetic calibration.
Additionally, the study found that strong magnetic flux features under the Bering Strait have shifted westward, while those beneath Indonesia and the western Pacific have moved eastward.
These movements, though invisible to most people, can influence global geomagnetic conditions and the behavior of space weather, further impacting satellites and technology infrastructure worldwide.
The SAA is not static and its continued growth underscores the importance of constant monitoring to anticipate and mitigate potential impacts.
The Swarm satellites, which have been collecting continuous magnetic field data since 2013, are providing unprecedented insight into the complex forces at work deep inside our planet.
While the average person on the ground is not directly at risk, the growing anomaly is a reminder of the delicate balance that protects life on Earth from the constant bombardment of cosmic radiation.
For satellites, astronauts, and high-altitude air travel, however, the implications are real and require careful attention.
'The South Atlantic Anomaly is a warning from Earth’s core,' Finlay said. 'It shows us that our planet’s protective shield is dynamic, and changes deep below the surface can ripple all the way to space and to our daily lives.'
The discovery was made using the European Space Agency's (ESA) Swarm satellite constellation that precisely measures the magnetic signals that stem from Earth's core, mantle, crust and oceans, as well as from the ionosphere and magnetosphere.
It is a question that feels like it should have a straightforward answer: how many planets are there in oursolar system?
Since Pluto was relegated back down to dwarf planet status, almost everyone has agreed that the answer is eight.
However, scientists say that it might be time to rewrite the textbooks.
A new study has proposed that there could be a secret world lurking on the edge of our solar system.
Dubbed 'Planet Y' by reseachers from Princeton University, this planet is said to be Earth–sized and rocky.
The researchers were alerted to the possible planet after noticing that 50 objects in the Kuiper Belt – a region of icy objects beyond Neptune – were tilted on an unusual angle.
'We started trying to come up with explanations other than a planet that could explain the tilt, but what we found is that you actually need a planet there,' lead author Dr Amir Siraj told CNN.
'This paper is not a discovery of a planet. But it's certainly the discovery of a puzzle for which a planet is a likely solution.'
Scientists say there could be a ninth planet, dubbed Planet Y, hidden in the outer reaches of the Solar System beyond the orbit of Neptune
(stock image)
Since Pluto was axed from the list of planets, astronomers looking for a ninth planet have focused on the Kuiper Belt.
Any potential planets hiding in this distant region would receive very little light from the sun, making them extremely hard to see with a conventional telescope.
However, Dr Siraj thinks that there could be another ninth–planet contender, hiding much closer to home.
If it exists, Planet Y should be a rocky world with a mass between that of Earth and Mercury.
That makes it much smaller than Planet X – another theorised planet hiding in our solar system, believed to be a gas giant with a mass 10 times greater than Earth's.
What do we know about Planet Y?
Type of planet: Rocky
Size: Between that of Earth and Mercury
Location: Kuiper Belt
Distance from the Sun:100 to 200 times further than Earth
Evidence in favour: Disturbed orbits of Kuiper Belt objects
Evidence against: Lack of direct observations
Orbiting 100 to 200 times farther from the sun than the Earth, Planet Y is also much closer than Planet X – which is believed to orbit 400 times further from the sun than Earth.
However, at that distance, Planet Y would still be extremely dim and difficult to detect.
Likewise, the researchers predict that Planet Y's orbit is likely tilted by about 10 degrees from the orbital plane, which would make it much harder to find.
Importantly, the Planet Y theory does not mean that Planet X does not exist – meaning there could be as many as 10 planets in our solar system.
In fact, Dr Siraj's previous research suggests that there could be room for up to five more Earth–like planets to hide in the Solar System's very outermost regions.
That means our stellar neighbourhood might be much more crowded than we had previously thought.
However, not every astronomer is convinced by Dr Siraj's calculations.
Dr Samantha Lawler, associate professor of astronomy at the University of Regina in Canada, told CNN that these findings were 'not definitive'.
Planet X and Planet Y are likely located in the Kuiper Belt, a doughnut–shaped ring of icy objects beyond Neptune. However, Planet Y could be two to four times closer to Earth
Although Planet Y is a plausible explanation for the tilted orbits of Kuiper Belt objects, without observational evidence, there is no hard proof.
However, that could change very soon thanks to the Vera Rubin Observatory, which has just started taking photos of the sky with the world's largest digital camera.
Over the next decade, the Vera Rubin Observatory will take a photo every 40 seconds for eight to 12 hours a night, repeatedly scanning the entire sky.
Scientists anticipate that this observatory will discover thousands of new objects – including Planet X and Planet Y – if they really are there.
Dr Siraj predicts: 'I think within the first two to three years [of the observatory's mission], it'll become definitive. If Planet Y is in the field of view of the telescope, it will be able to find it directly.'
Astronomers believe that the orbits of a number of bodies in the distant reaches of the solar system have been disrupted by the pull of an as yet unidentified planet.
First proposed by a group at CalTech in the US, this alien world was theorised to explain the distorted paths seen in distant icy bodies.
In order to fit in with the data they have, this alien world - popularly called Planet Nine - would need to be roughly four times the size of Earth and 10 times the mass.
Researchers say a body of this size and mass would explain the clustered paths of a number of icy minor planets beyond Neptune.
First proposed by a group at CalTech in the US, this alien world was theorised to explain the distorted paths seen in distant icy bodies.
Its huge orbit would mean it takes between 10,000 and 20,000 years to make a single pass around the sun.
The theoretical Planet Nine is based on the gravitational pull it exerts on these bodies, with astronomers confident it will be found in the coming years.
Those hoping for theoretical Earth-sized planets proposed by astrologers or science fiction writers - which are 'hiding behind the sun' and linked with Doomsday scenarios - may have to keep searching.
UFO Fleet Over McKinleyville, CA, USA On Oct 8, 2025, Raw Video! UAP UFOs Sighting News.
UFO Fleet Over McKinleyville, CA, USA On Oct 8, 2025, Raw Video! UAP UFOs Sighting News.
Date of sighting: Oct 8, 2025
Location of sighting: McKinleyville, California, USA
Source: NUFORC
Now this is strange. Flickering lights in the sky hovering in place and then just when you think they are all one craft...a single light shoots away and then back again, and away again. It causes the eyewitness to stare in awe and surprise. This is not one craft, but five or more craft. Seen at 2am in the morning when almost everyone was sleeping, this single person caught sight of it. And lucky for us, recorded it. This is 100% proof of aliens in California.
Scott C. Waring - UFO Sightings Daily
Eyewitness states:
Lights on object, Aura or haze around object Hovering green/red lights Hello, around 9th of October around 2 AM, looking NE of my direction, i saw MULTIPLE lights in the sky hovering silently, total of 6 lights in the same distance and formation next to each other, 1 green light and 2 on the bottom and multiplied right next to each other so 6 in total, i checked all the available sources to see if it was a plane, or celestial body, or starlink, and nothing I looked up was it, I believe this was not a hobbyist drone either, in person it was much more massive and closer than it actually appeared on picture, and way brighter also.
Whatever this thing was, was massive and for sure not someone can buy as a hobby, and the video pretty much debunks that claim also as the right side of the lights appears to hover above the left side of the lights and then go back to its original position. I could not see a shape of this with the naked eye, nor determine its size but from the looks of how the lights behaved and how it was position really made it seem like it was very large. After around 5 minutes, all the lights just disappeared, almost as if a light switch turned them off.
Orange UFO over Florida at beach Oct 8, 2025 UAP sighting news 👽 similar to dr Steven Greer orbs he summoned.
Orange UFO over Florida at beach Oct 8, 2025 UAP sighting news 👽 similar to dr Steven Greer orbs he summoned.
Date of sighting: Oct 8, 2025
Location of sighting: Santa Rosa Beach, Florida, USA
Source: NUFORC
Now Florida beach is no stranger to UFO sightings. Remember this area off the coast falls into the Bermuda triangle and there have been hundreds of reports of UFOs there. Also most recently, Dr Steven Greer got a group of people together to summon some orange UFOs...exactly like this...over the ocean at the Florida beach. So yeah...it's aliens. It's easy to summon, all you have to do is focus your thoughts in that direction and mentally speak to them, kindly with respect and admiration and honesty.
Scott C. Waring - UFO Sightings Daily
Eyewitness states:
Mother and 12 year old son were walking on the beach. An intense bright white light appeared overhead, glowed brighter, then broke into 5 smaller lights in a linear pattern, breaking away and pulling out in a line from the original. The lights faded in timing similar to how they appeared. A minute later the lights appeared again in the sky to the left of our vision toward where Alligator Lake runs into the ocean.
They appeared and disappeared in a similar fashion. A minute later the same thing happened but to the right of our vision, past where the first sighting was. The third sighting broke apart then came back together in a trio of lights clustered together. We were only able to get video of when the trio came back together.
More than 50 years ago, theApollo 17 astronautsmade the last lunar landing. They returned to Earth not only with unforgettable impressions, but also with a priceless cargo — more than 2,000 samples of lunar rocks. NASA carefully packed and preserved some of these treasures for the future, assuming that advanced technology would better reveal their secrets. And now, half a century later, that hope has been fulfilled.
Illustration of the collision between the hypothetical protoplanet Theia and the young Earth 4.5 billion years ago. Image: Wikipedia
The breakthrough was achieved thanks to the work of a team led by James Dottin from Brown University. Scientists gained access to one of the unique preserved samples — a soil column extracted from the Taurus Littrow lunar valley. Instead of the methods used in the 1970s, they used modern secondary ion mass spectrometry, a technology that allows the ratio of isotopes, a kind of “chemical fingerprint” of substances, to be measured with incredible accuracy.
The aim of the study was sulfur in volcanic rocks originating from the mantle of the Moon. For a long time, science believed that the composition of our moon’s mantle was practically identical to that of Earth, which was indicated, in particular, by analyses of oxygen isotopes. Dottin expected to see the same picture with sulfur.
James Dottin and Brian Monteleone analyze data from samples obtained using secondary ion mass spectrometry during the Apollo 17 mission. Photo: brown.edu
However, the results published in the journal JGR Planets proved to be sensational. Analysis showed that the sulfur-33 (33S) isotope content in lunar rocks differs sharply from any terrestrial samples. “My first thought was, ‘Oh my God, this can’t be true,’” Dottin admitted.
What does this mean for science?
This discrepancy is not just an interesting fact. It indicates different origins or different chemical processes that occurred in the early stages of the formation of the Earth and the Moon. The most common theory is that the Moon was formed from debris after a giant collision between Earth and an object the size of Mars, known as Theia.
The discovery of Dottin’s team may be the first direct “trace” of Theia. Scientists may have discovered the very sulfur that was once part of the mysterious protoplanet. This opens up new horizons for understanding the greatest space catastrophe in the history of our planet.
Further study of sulfur isotope “fingerprints” on Mars and other objects in the Solar System will help paint a complete picture of how the chaos formed into the eight planets known to us today.
Have you ever dreamed of flying away during the autumn cold to a place where it is always warm, but not too warm, with moderately humid air and, if possible, no strong winds? Could a planet with such conditions exist? Could such a space resort exist in reality?
Is a resort planet really possible?
Zone of life
Autumn has arrived in the Northern Hemisphere, including Ukraine. The days have grown colder, and the nights have grown longer. The leaves are falling from the trees, and it is generally a sad time of year. It makes you want to go somewhere where there is no winter. Or fly away. Have you ever dreamed of a resort planet? One where it is neither too cold nor too hot anywhere on the surface.
There are places on Earth where such conditions prevail all year round. We call them subtropical or Mediterranean climates. But is it possible for an entire planet to have such a climate? Or at least for it to have only tropics and temperate latitudes closer to the poles, without the rainforests of the equator, arid deserts and semi-deserts, and the icy expanses of the Arctic and Antarctic?
In general, it should be noted that a planet that is simply suitable for life on Earth would already be a real sensation. After all, many still believe that Earth occupies a unique place in the universe in terms of its characteristics and that there is no other planet like it, let alone one with better conditions than our planet.
Some of the most Earth-like exoplanets. Source: science.nasa.gov
Although in reality, there is nothing incredible about the existence of a planet similar to Earth. The main thing is that it should be comparable in size to Earth and located within the habitable zone, where it would receive neither too much nor too little heat for liquid water to exist on its surface.
However, this is actually an oversimplification, because climate is not just about the amount of sunlight. For example, a planet with synchronous rotation, i.e., one that always faces its star with the same side, will almost certainly not be a resort. Life on it will most likely exist, but it will exist in climatic conditions that are relatively extreme for Earth.
This means that at least some of the worlds orbiting red dwarfs are unlikely to be considered resorts. However, certain areas of their surface may still have fairly favorable conditions, even pleasant ones for relaxation.
The planet is almost captured by a tidal wave. Source: www.astronomy.com
Short year, length of day, and axial tilt
In general, with stars whose luminosity is significantly lower than that of the Sun, everything is quite ambiguous. Because in reality, a small distance from the star to the habitable zone means a very short orbital period, which means that annual temperature fluctuations cannot be significant, because the atmosphere and hydrosphere need time to heat up and cool down.
On the other hand, these planets will mostly have tidal locking or very long days (40, 60, or 80 hours). This means that the planet can experience significant annual temperature fluctuations, but it can cool down significantly overnight.
However, regardless of how close a planet is to its star, the most significant astronomical parameter affecting its climate is the axial tilt. If the Earth’s axis were perpendicular to the ecliptic, we would not know what seasonal changes were, and the difference between the polar and equatorial regions would not be so pronounced. So it is quite possible that this situation exists on some other planet.
Habitat zones of different species. Source: www.universetoday.com
Oceans and atmosphere
Therefore, for a planet to resemble a resort, it must orbit close to a circular path at a distance from its star such that the surface temperature is 15-30 degrees above the freezing point of water. At the same time, its axis of rotation must be perpendicular to the plane of the ecliptic. It is also desirable that the planet’s period of rotation around the star be shorter than that of Earth, but not so short that it becomes tidally locked.
But this is not all. The atmosphere and hydrosphere have a much stronger impact on the climate. They act as heat accumulators and transferors. Therefore, worlds with little water and thin atmospheres cannot be resorts.
A good option would be a planet slightly larger and more massive than Earth. It is believed that they can hold more water and gases, but we should not get carried away here, because a world that is too large will most likely turn into an ocean world, or even a mini-Neptune. An atmosphere only slightly denser than Earth’s, combined with a global ocean, will provide a greenhouse effect and powerful currents that distribute heat throughout the planet.
Mediterranean climate. Source: www.britannica.com
Incidentally, taking this into account, it should actually be a little further away from the star so that, theoretically, the latter could heat it to somewhere between 10 and 15°C. Then the greenhouse effect would heat it to exactly the right temperature, rather than turning it into Venus.
But how can we ensure that areas of pleasant warmth occupy most of the planet’s surface, rather than just small areas, as is the case on Earth? The location of the continents has a major influence here. Of course, over millions of years, they do not remain stationary. The movement of lithospheric plates is a necessary condition for the normal functioning of the carbon cycle, which also has a strong influence on the greenhouse effect.
However, it is still possible to imagine a configuration of the continents in which the planet would heat up more or less evenly. First, there should not be such large land masses as Eurasia. Such continents act as a kind of heat and cold accumulators, causing significant seasonal temperature fluctuations.
Secondly, the polar regions of the planet must remain covered with water. The reason is the same as in the first point. Antarctica is the largest “refrigerator” on our planet. This is good for the Earth, but not in cases where cooling is unnecessary.
Continents determine the paths of ocean currents. Source: www.offshoreengineering.com
Thirdly, the planet’s equator must remain free of dry land. This will allow energy not to concentrate in deserts and tropical forests, but to be redistributed by warm ocean currents, such as those that exist in the Pacific Ocean.
The optimal scenario would be the existence of 6-10 relatively small continents in the tropical and temperate zones, with several archipelagos between them. The absence of large mountain ranges would also have a positive effect on the climate. Of course, they can act as a barrier to cold air, but they also lead to the formation of altitude zones.
If all these conditions are met, it is entirely possible to have a planet where only the equatorial region has a tropical climate, while the far north and far south have a temperate climate. Everything else is subtropical, like one large Italy, Greece, or the southern coast of Crimea.
In fact, not all of the conditions described above need to be met simultaneously to obtain a resort planet. Various combinations of these conditions can be imagined that could produce the desired result. In any case, it can be stated that worlds without cold winters and snow can indeed exist.
On October 10, Chinese startup Orienspace launched its second Gravity-1 rocket. It successfully placed three satellites into orbit.
Orienspace was founded in 2020. Like many other Chinese aerospace startups, it decided to start its activities with the creation of solid-fuel rockets, and then move on to more powerful liquid launch vehicles. The company’s first rocket was Gravity-1.
Gravity-1 is 30 meters high and consists of four side boosters and three stages. All of them are solid fuel. It can carry up to 6.5 tons of cargo into low orbit and up to 4.2 tons into sun-synchronous orbit. This makes it the most powerful solid-fuel rocket in history. When activated, Gravity-1 engines produce large amounts of smoke and debris. Therefore, a barge is used to launch it.
The first flight of Gravity-1 took place in January 2024 and was successful. After that, Orienspace specialists modernized the rocket, which, according to the company, improved its reliability.
Launch of the Gravity-1 rocket. Source: ASPT
The second launch of Gravity-1 took place on October 10. Orienspace provided an official live broadcast of the mission, which is rare for Chinese launches. Gravity-1 successfully launched three spacecraft into near-polar orbit: an Earth remote sensing satellite and two satellites for the Internet of Things system being developed by Geely.
The successful launch of Gravity-1 is an important step toward realizing Orienspace’s ambitious plans. The company is actively working on a more powerful liquid rocket, Gravity-2, whose first test flight may take place before the end of this year. It will have a reusable first stage and will be capable of delivering over 20 tons of cargo into low Earth orbit.
A group of former US Defense Department experts has called on the current Pentagon leadership to pay more attention to the development of hypersonic weapons. They say that the United States is already significantly behind Russia and China in this area due to road development.
Hypersonic weapons include aircraft capable of traveling at speeds of several thousand kilometers per hour, i.e., 6, 8, or even 10 times faster than the speed of sound. Only recently, experts who previously worked for the US Department of Defense stated that the country was moving too slowly in developing such systems and risked falling behind its competitors.
These specialists are now part of the so-called Task Force, i.e., they are consultants who conduct independent external assessments of the situation in the military department. Their latest report suggests that the US has significant problems in the field of hypersonic weapons, even though officials may not think so.
In the modern world, hypersonic aircraft are predominantly unmanned, because suborbital bombers have never been put into practical use. That is, these are missiles, but their development faces a number of problems.
Hypersonic missiles and drones are being fully developed by the United States’ main competitor, China, and have already reached the practical testing stage. Russia is also attempting to use them in its war against Ukraine. All of this could pose a direct threat to the United States.
Missiles that are too pricey
Experts note that, in general, military engineers in the United States are not sitting idly by. There are projects for hypersonic weapons, but they are progressing extremely slowly. And the main reason for this is the price. The cost of one such unit is estimated at several tens of millions of dollars. This means that even a rich country like the US can only order them in small batches.
At the same time, China and Russia are trying in every way to reduce the cost of their hypersonic missiles, while large American companies, which are the main partners of the Department of Defense, are not interested in this at all. No one is interested in bringing discipline to the organizational chaos that exists in this area.
The structure of enterprises and subcontractors in the missile industry is far from optimal for the mass production of hypersonic missiles. Experts suggest drawing on the experience of the space program, which partially overcame this problem by involving private companies. In addition, they believe that attention should be paid to missile defense.
Since homo sapiens first emerged, humanity has enjoyed an unbeaten 300,000–year run as the most intelligent creatures on the planet.
However, thanks to rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI), that might not be the case for much longer.
Many scientists believe that the singularity – the moment when AI first surpasses humanity – is now not a matter of 'if' but 'when'.
And according to some AI pioneers, we might not have much longer to wait.
A new report from the research group AIMultiple combined predictions made by 8,590 scientists and entrepreneurs to see when the experts think the singularity might come.
The findings revealed that AI experts' predictions for the singularity keep getting closer and closer with every unexpected leap in AI's abilities.
In the mid–2010s, scientists generally thought that AI couldn't possibly surpass human intelligence any time before 2060 at the earliest.
Now, some industry leaders think the singularity might arrive in as little as three months' time.
The singularity is the moment that AI's intelligence surpasses that of humanity, just like Skynet in the Terminator films. This might seem like science fiction, but experts say it might not be far away
What is the singularity?
In mathematics, the singularity refers to a point where matter becomes so dense that the laws of physics begin to fail.
However, after being adopted by science fiction writer Vernor Vinge and futurist Ray Kurzweil, the term has taken on a radically different meaning.
Today, the singularity usually refers to the point at which technological advancements begin to accelerate well beyond humanity's means to control them.
Often, this is taken to refer to the moment that an AI becomes more intelligent than all of humanity combined.
Cem Dilmegani, principal analyst at AIMultiple, told Daily Mail: 'Singularity is a hypothetical event which is expected to result in a rapid increase in machine intelligence.
'For singularity, we need a system that combines human–level thinking with superhuman speed and rapidly accessible, near–perfect memory.
'Singularity should also result in machine consciousness, but since consciousness is not well–defined, we can't be precise about it.'
Scientists' predictions about when the singularity will occur have been tracked over the years, with a trend towards closer and closer predictions as AI has continued to surpass expectations
When will the singularity arrive?
Earliest predictions: 2026
Investor Prediction: 2030
Consensus prediction: 2040–2050
Predictions pre–ChatGPT: 2060 at the earliest
What is the earliest the singularity might arrive?
While the vast majority of AI experts now believe the singularity is inevitable, they differ wildly in when they think it might come.
The most radical prediction comes from the chief executive and founder of leading AI firm Anthropic, Dario Amodie.
He says that this AI will be 'smarter than a Nobel Prize winner across most relevant fields' and will 'absorb information and generate actions at roughly 10x–100x human speed'.
CEO and founder of AI firm Anthropic, Dario Amodei (pictured), predicted in an essay that AI would become superintelligent by 2025
Likewise, Sam Altman, CEO of ChatGPT creator OpenAI, claimed in a 2024 essay: 'It is possible that we will have superintelligence in a few thousand days.'
That would place the arrival of the singularity any time from about 2027 onwards.
How likely is it that these predictions are right?
Although these predictions areextreme, these tech leaders' optimism is not entirely unfounded.
Mr Dilmegani says: 'GenAI's capabilities exceeded most experts' expectations and pushed singularity expectations earlier.'
The key to this revaluation of AI's potential is that the power of leading AI models has grown exponentially, roughly doubling once every seven months.
If this exponential growth starts to accelerate, it could kick off a chain reaction that would lead to a sudden intelligence explosion.
For this reason, some AI leaders think that the singularity could arrive incredibly quickly once the right conditions are met.
Sam Altman (pictured), CEO of ChatGPT creator OpenAI, has argued that AI will surpass humanity by 2027–2028 at the earliest
The confidence of tech leaders is based on the rapid increase in the power of AI models. These graphs show how various types of 'Large Language Models' have rapidly increased their computing power over the last decade
What is Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)?
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) is currently seen as one of the necessary preconditions for the singularity.
AGI describes a type of computing system that is as good as a human at a wide range of different tasks.
At the moment, some AIs are better than humans at certain tasks but not at every task. Experts call this Narrow Artificial Intelligence.
Once AGI is achieved, experts think it will be between two and 30 years until the AI surpasses the collective intelligence of humanity.
However, the expert consensus is that the singularity will not arrive for many more years.
Mr Dilmegani says that if the singularity does arrive next year, he will 'happily print our article about the topic and eat it.'
Over–optimism about AI is nothing new, and countless exaggerated predictions have been proven wrong in the past.
Even as far back as 1965, AI pioneer Herbert Simon boldly claimed: 'Machines will be capable, within twenty years, of doing any work a man can do.'
As Mr Dilmegani points out, AI's capabilities are currently nowhere near what the human mind is capable of.
However, business leaders like Mr Altman and Mr Amodei have good reasons to overstate how soon the singularity will arrive.
Mr Dilmegani says: 'An earlier singularity timeline places current AI leaders as the ultimate leaders of industry.
Based on the rapid growth of computational power available, Elon Musk has predicted that AI will surpass humanity by the end of this year
The support for this theory is that the abilities of AI appear to have grown exponentially. This graph shows how the speed of AI agents has doubled once every seven months
AI expert Cem Dilmegani, of AIMultiple, told Daily Mail that he would print out and eat his research if Elon Musk's predictions (illustrated) came true
'The company that reaches singularity could always remain as the world's most valuable company.
'This optimism fuels investment, and both of these CEOs run loss–making companies that depend on investor confidence.'
When is the singularity likely to arrive?
To get a picture of when the singularity is really likely to occur, Mr Dilmegani and his colleagues combined surveys covering 8,590 AI experts.
This showed that, although predictions have moved a lot closer since the release of ChatGPT, most experts think the singularity is probably about 20 years away.
For the singularity to occur, experts say that AI will first need to reach a state known as Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), in which it has human–like abilities across a wide range of tasks.
Although the results of some studies vary, the consensus is that this will happen by around 2040.
Some groups, like investors, were more confident and placed this moment a little earlier, usually centring on some point around 2030.
However, most experts believe that the singularity will arrive sometime around 2040–2060. Investors are more bullish, putting this point around 2030. However, the overall consensus is that the AI singularity is coming, but not next year
Once AGI has been achieved, the experts think that the singularity will follow very quickly as the AI rapidly evolves to reach 'superintelligence'.
In one poll, scientists assigned a 10 per cent probability to the singularity arriving two years after AGI and a 75 per cent chance of this happening within the next 30 years.
However, although the experts' opinions put the singularity much further back than leaders like Mr Altman and Mr Musk, most agree that the singularity is coming.
That may mean humanity does not have much longer to enjoy our position as the smartest creatures on Earth.
Elon Musk wants to push technology to its absolute limit, from space travel to self-driving cars — but he draws the line at artificial intelligence.
The billionaire first shared his distaste for AI in 2014, calling it humanity's 'biggest existential threat' and comparing it to 'summoning the demon'.
At the time, Musk also revealed he was investing in AI companies not to make money but to keep an eye on the technology in case it gets out of hand.
His main fear is that in the wrong hands, if AI becomes advanced, it could overtake humans and spell the end of mankind, which is known as The Singularity.
That concern is shared among many brilliant minds, including the late Stephen Hawking, who told the BBC in 2014: 'The development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race.
'It would take off on its own and redesign itself at an ever-increasing rate.'
Despite his fear of AI, Musk has invested in the San Francisco-based AI group Vicarious, in DeepMind - which has since been acquired by Google - and OpenAI, creating the popular ChatGPT program that has taken the world by storm in recent months.
During a 2016 interview, Musk noted that he and OpenAI created the company to 'have democratisation of AI technology to make it widely available'.
Musk founded OpenAI with Sam Altman, the company's CEO, but in 2018 the billionaire attempted to take control of the start-up.
His request was rejected, forcing him to quit OpenAI and move on with his other projects.
In November, OpenAI launched ChatGPT, which became an instant success worldwide.
The chatbot uses 'large language model' software to train itself by scouring a massive amount of text data so it can learn to generate eerily human-like text in response to a given prompt.
ChatGPT is used to write research papers, books, news articles, emails and more.
But while Altman is basking in its glory, Musk is attacking ChatGPT.
He says the AI is 'woke' and deviates from OpenAI's original non-profit mission.
'OpenAI was created as an open source (which is why I named it 'Open' AI), non-profit company to serve as a counterweight to Google, but now it has become a closed source, maximum-profit company effectively controlled by Microsoft, Musk tweeted in February.
The Singularity is making waves worldwide as artificial intelligence advances in ways only seen in science fiction - but what does it actually mean?
In simple terms, it describes a hypothetical future where technology surpasses human intelligence and changes the path of our evolution.
Experts have said that once AI reaches this point, it will be able to innovate much faster than humans.
There are two ways the advancement could play out, with the first leading to humans and machines working together to create a world better suited for humanity.
For example, humans could scan their consciousness and store it in a computer in which they will live forever.
The second scenario is that AI becomes more powerful than humans, taking control and making humans its slaves - but if this is true, it is far off in the distant future.
Researchers are now looking for signs of AI reaching The Singularity, such as the technology's ability to translate speech with the accuracy of a human and perform tasks faster.
Former Google engineer Ray Kurzweil predicts it will be reached by 2045.
He has made 147 predictions about technology advancements since the early 1990s - and 86 per cent have been correct.
NASA has unveiled plans to send astronauts to live on the moon – inside glass bubbles made from lunar dust.
The US space agency is funding research into the large livable spheres which would be created in situ, theTelegraphreports.
Tiny pieces of so–called lunar glass – a component of the moon's soil, or regolith, along with rocks and mineral fragments – would be collected upon arrival from Earth.
The material would be melted down using the same technology as in a domestic microwave oven, along with a 'smart microwave furnace'.
A 'smart microwave furnace' will be developed to aid melting and blow the glass into a bubble, which would harden into a large, transparent structure.
The idea has been dreamt up by US space engineering company Skyeports, which has already proven that glass balls can be blown from lunar dust in this way.
The firm's test spheres are only a couple of inches wide – but the goal is to expand them by hundreds or thousands of feet, into workable astronaut homes.
The compound used to build a spherical habitat – which is hoped to be between around 1,000ft and 1,600ft wide – could be altered to make the eventual glass self–healing.
The compound used to build a spherical habitat – which is hoped to be between around 1,000ft and 1,600ft wide – could be altered to make the eventual glass self–healing.
It is a special type of glass made of polymers which can reorganise themselves after any breaks caused by micrometeorites or 'moonquakes'.
The moon homes could also be fitted with solar panels to generate their own energy.
Skyeports chief executive Dr Martin Bermudez hoped to one day see entire cities of the spheres, connected by glass bridges, on the moon – and elsewhere in space.
'You will never replicate Earth, but this is something that gets pretty close, and we could even put them into orbit one day,' he said.
He has always been interested in space and wanted to start using his architecture background to explore how to make structures on the moon or Mars.
Chemical compounds called silicates, often used to make glass, can account for up to 60 per cent of lunar dust – which first got him thinking about the bubbles.
And with further research, he discovered glass can be adapted to become less brittle – and even stronger than steel.
He contacted NASA around two years ago with the idea, which he said the agency liked from the start.
The American space agency is funding research into the large livable spheres (pictured, in plans), which would be created in situ
Lunar regolith would be melted down by a 'smart microwave furnace' and blown into concentric bubbles that would give the lunar base its structure
NASA's Artemis Mission Timeline
Artemis I
- Uncrewed lunar flight test
- Launched November, 2022
Artemis II
- Crewed Lunar Flyby
- Launch planned for April, 2026
Artemis III
- Crewed Surface Landing
- Launch planned for mid–2027
Artemis IV
- Building First Lunar Space Station
- Launch targeting September 2028
The concept is now being researched under the NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts (NIAC) programme, for projects which have the potential to transform aerospace.
And its in situ construction is attractive – it is hard to build things on the moon, with shipping materials to its surface hugely expensive.
Enormous gas pipes would be used to blow the melted glass – and repurposed to create the entrance once the bubble has been created.
Any interior fittings would be 3D printed using materials gathered from the surface of the moon.
Skyeports has said a sphere was chosen because it is a particularly structurally sound shape, with an even distribution of pressure.
Using transparent glass to build it, meanwhile, was said to be beneficial for astronauts' mental health.
Dr Bermudez added: 'The spherical shape happens automatically, because at that temperature it becomes an amorphous liquid, and when it is extruded out of a furnace in low gravity it will form the shape of a sphere.'
Along with the lunar glass, metals like titanium, magnesium and calcium will need to be mixed into the raw compound for strength.
Interior fittings could be made via 3D printing. This would create a habitat that could be suitable for a long–term presence on the lunar surface
It is also hoped that layers of bubbles could be created, with one warmer surface and another cooler to create condensation.
This would allow astronauts to plant vegetables and plants and create an ecosystem to produce oxygen.
And development teams also hope a glass bubble of that size could be used to produce enough electricity to power the whole system.
The blowing technique will be tested in a thermal vacuum chamber in January, before moving to a micro–gravity environment.
It will eventually be trialled on the International Space Station – and tests on the moon itself could happen in the next couple of years.
While NASA works out if humans could live on the moon, astronauts may well return to it for a visit.
The agency could put men on the moon within the next five years under its Artemis programme and is currently searching for appropriate habitats for that mission.
Dr Bermudez said: 'We're in a race against time because Artemis is moving so fast.'
NASA currently plans to return to the moon in 2027 with the Artemis III mission (illustrated. However, the space agency has also expressed plans for a 'village' on the moon by 2035
Clayton Turner, from NASA's Space Technology Mission Directorate, which is responsible for tech innovation, said: 'Our next steps and giant leaps rely on innovation, and the concepts born from NIAC can radically change how we explore deep space, work in low–Earth orbit, and protect our home planet.
'From developing small robots that could swim through the oceans of other worlds to growing space habitats from fungi, this programme continues to change the possible.'
The study comes after researchers at Aalen University in Germany suggested in 2023 that buildings and roads could be built on the moon using bricks made from lunar dust zapped with a laser.
The space agency's description of the research notes: 'This innovative approach involves in–situ melting of lunar glass compounds and the creation of a large spherical shell structure, representing a significant departure from current habitat construction methods.
'Traditional construction methods, such as using prefabricated parts, 3D printing, inflatable systems and complex assembly, are labour–intensive and time–consuming.
'In contrast, the concept of blown scalable glass structures utilizes lunar glass resources and introduces a novel in–situ manufacturing approach.'
It adds: 'The idea of constructing monolithic glass habitats on the moon holds immense promise for the future of space exploration and habitation.
'It inspires a pioneering spirit by envisioning a new era of self–sustaining off–world habitats, offering significant benefits to NASA, the aerospace community, and humanity as a whole.'
This Declassified CIA Book Reveals That Earth Undergoes Cataclysmic Events Approximately Every 6,500 Years, Leading to the Destruction and Rebirth of Civilizations
This Declassified CIA Book Reveals That Earth Undergoes Cataclysmic Events Approximately Every 6,500 Years, Leading to the Destruction and Rebirth of Civilizations
This declassified CIA document, “The Adam & Eve Story” by Dr. Chan Thomas, reveals that Earth undergoes cataclysmic events approximately every 6,500 years, leading to the destruction and rebirth of civilizations. He suggested that these cataclysms are natural, recurring events that reshape the planet’s surface and human history.
In 1966, Dr. Chan Thomas published a book called The Adam and Eve Story, but it soon disappeared from public access after the CIA classified it. The book talks about big disasters like pole shifts, mass extinctions, and the repeated destruction of advanced civilizations. It stayed mostly hidden until some parts were released years later.
Now, only 57 pages are available, but they are heavily edited, leaving many questions about what the book really says. People are curious about why this book might be considered dangerous and why the CIA wanted to keep it secret.
Bookshelves
Dr. Chan Thomas
Dr. Chan Thomas was an American electrical engineer and psychic who authored a hypothesis of global cataclysms involving radical shifts in Earth’s electromagnetic fields that increase the viscosity of the crust, causing rapid continental drift.
This is most notably described in his book “The Adam and Eve Story.” During the 1950s, Dr. Thomas was a project engineer on Bell Aircraft’s RASCAL missile guidance system and Douglas Aircraft’s A4D Skyhawk program, and was later employed in the late 1960s by McDonnell Douglas to work with Robert Wood’s “Advanced Concepts” R&D team, which worked on UFO and other fringe science related projects.
The idea of pole shifts has interested scientists and caused discussions for many years. Charles Hapgood was one of the first to suggest this concept in the mid-1900s. He believed that the Earth’s outer layer could move over the inner layers, making the poles change position.
Hapgood’s theory of “Earth’s crustal displacement” said that these shifts could happen fairly quickly, resulting in major changes in the Earth’s geography and climate. At first, many scientists rejected Hapgood’s ideas, but he gained respect when Albert Einstein showed interest in his work. Even though Hapgood’s theory didn’t become widely accepted, it opened the door for more research on how the Earth’s magnetic poles might change.
Charles Hapgood
Today, we know that the magnetic poles do indeed shift, though typically at a slow rate. However, the possibility of rapid, catastrophic shifts remains a subject of ongoing research.
Dr. Chan Thomas, in his book The Adam and Eve Story, made a scary prediction about sudden pole shifts. He believed these shifts could happen quickly, even in one day, and cause major disasters. He said that these quick changes could lead to huge earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis, resulting in widespread damage. While most scientists are doubtful about such rapid shifts, the idea still captures the interest of researchers and the public
Throughout Earth’s history, mass extinctions have wiped out many species, changing the course of life on our planet. Some scientists think these extinctions might be connected to pole shifts or other major geological events.
One example often mentioned is the Younger Dryas, a time of sudden cooling about 12,800 years ago. This period saw a big drop in global temperatures, which some believe was caused by a comet impact or a significant pole shift.
These disastrous events have also led to theories about ancient advanced civilizations that may have been destroyed by sudden catastrophes. Supporters of these theories argue that evidence of these lost civilizations can be found in myths and unexplained archaeological sites.
However, mainstream archaeologists are careful and stress the need for more solid evidence before changing our understanding of history.
Flood myths are stories about big floods that are found in many ancient cultures. These tales, which describe floods that destroyed entire civilizations, appear in religious texts, oral traditions, and ancient writings worldwide.
For example, Noah’s Ark in the Bible and the Epic of Gilgamesh from Mesopotamia share many similarities, even though they come from different places and times.
When we compare these myths to known geological events, like the Younger Dryas (a time about 12,800 years ago when the climate changed quickly), we see some interesting connections. The Younger Dryas involved sudden cooling and melting ice, which caused sea levels to rise significantly.
Some researchers think that these big changes in the environment might have inspired the flood stories in various cultures. They believe that ancient people, seeing the destruction from rising waters, passed down these stories to warn others about nature’s power.
Dr. Chan Thomas, in his book The Adam and Eve Story, goes further by saying these flood myths are not just exaggerated tales but are based on real disasters caused by shifts in the Earth’s poles and other catastrophic events. He argues that these myths are historical records of past disasters that nearly wiped out humanity. According to Thomas, our ancestors created these stories to remember these events and warn future generations about their r
The idea that advanced civilizations existed before written history fascinates both scholars and enthusiasts. Supporters of this theory point to archaeological evidence, like erosion patterns on the Great Sphinx of Giza and submerged cities off the coasts of Japan and India, suggesting these lost cultures were destroyed by disasters like the floods in ancient myths.
However, this idea is controversial and faces skepticism in the academic world. Many archaeologists and historians believe the evidence for these theories is either misinterpreted or not strong enough. The general view is that human civilization began about 6,000 years ago in Mesopotamia, with no credible evidence of advanced societies before then.
Still, the ongoing debate continues to interest people, and new discoveries sometimes spark discussions. While the concept of ancient advanced civilizations is still on the outskirts of scientific study, it encourages us to rethink what we know about the past and stay open to new evidence.
Dr. Chan Thomas’s predictions in The Adam and Eve Story show a dark future. He warns that a quick shift in the Earth’s poles could happen, causing disastrous events worldwide. He believes this shift could lead to huge earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis, possibly wiping out most of humanity in just a few hours. He thinks this disaster could happen soon, maybe even in our lifetime.
Scientists know that the Earth’s magnetic field is always changing, and the poles can move over time. However, most geophysicists think a sudden and disastrous shift like Dr. Thomas describes is very unlikely.
Right now, we understand that the poles may shift slowly or even reverse over thousands of years, but a quick shift causing a global disaster isn’t supported by current evidence.
If Dr. Thomas’s predictions were to come true, the effects on modern society would be terrible. Our essential systems — like power grids, communication, and transportation — would likely fail. This shift could lead to widespread destruction, chaos, and possibly a return to a dark age for survivors.
Dr. Thomas’s work makes us rethink our view of history. If he’s right about pole shifts and recurring disasters, it means that human civilization is much more fragile and has gone through cycles of rise and fall more than we think.
This view challenges the common belief that human progress is steady and uninterrupted. If disasters happen in cycles, it suggests that advanced civilizations have appeared and disappeared several times in Earth’s history, each time erased by a major event.
This idea changes how we see human history, suggesting that our current civilization is just the latest attempt at creating a lasting society.
Given Dr. Thomas’s theories, we should consider what we can learn for the future. If these disasters really do happen in cycles, it would be wise to prepare and build resilience, so that if another disaster occurs, humanity can survive and rebuild more effectively.
In 1966, the CIA classified The Adam and Eve Story soon after it was published. This decision has led to a lot of speculation about why a book about ancient disasters and pole shifts would catch the attention of a government agency.
One theory is that if people took the book seriously, it could cause a lot of panic. The idea of a coming global disaster, along with the government’s secrecy, might lead to unrest in society.
Another possibility is that the book had information related to secret government research. The author, Dr. Chan Thomas, worked on classified projects at McDonnell Douglas, and some think he knew more than what was publicly shared. The CIA might have been worried about revealing technologies or ideas that could threaten national security.
The “sanitization” of the 57 pages that were later declassified adds to the mystery. A lot of the text is blacked out, making people wonder what was removed and why. Some believe that the missing parts could contain more details about disasters or even government secrets. The exact reason for keeping much of the book hidden is still unclear
Tristan Harris and Aza Raskin claim that all our ‘Dreams’ and ‘Thoughts’ can be Decoded—imagine what authoritarian states could do with such power. AI can even read Wi-Fi radio signals bouncing around a space to create 3D image estimations.
Tristan Harris and Aza Raskin are the co-founders of the Center for Humane Technology which aims to warn people about how technology affects individuals, organizations, and society. It looks for ways to manage these effects, encourages leaders to take action, and offers resources for those interested in humane technology.
FYI: Harris was Google’s Design Ethicist, developing a framework for how technology should “ethically” steer the thoughts and actions of billions of people from screens. Raskin is a trained mathematician and dark matter physicist. He is the son of Jef Raskin, a human–computer interface expert who was the initiator of the Macintosh project at Apple.
In May 2023, Harris & Raskin attended Summit At Sea where they discussed how existing A.I. capabilities already pose catastrophic risks to a functional society, how A.I. companies are caught in a race to deploy as quickly as possible without adequate safety measures, and what it would mean to upgrade our institutions to a post-A.I. world.
This video educated me about the serious consequences we might face if greater control over advanced AI models—specifically generative models like Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs)—isn’t implemented.
Tristan Harris explains the complex terms behind “generative large language multimodal models” (AI models that handle language and images). To make things simpler, he suggests calling them “Golems.” This is inspired by the Golem in Jewish mythology—a creature that comes to life and gains unexpected abilities, much like these AI models. As more data is fed to them, they start displaying new skills even their creators didn’t anticipate.
Although many AI demos look different on the surface, they often function in similar ways. For example, tools like Stable Diffusion or DALL-E let users type words to generate images. If you type “Google soup,” the model turns it into a picture. However, Raskin points out that these “Golems” don’t truly “understand” what they’re doing; they process information without real comprehension of meaning.
Your Dreams And Thoughts Are No Longer Safe
Researchers Harris & Raskin discuss here how to turn brain patterns into images by studying brain scans from people looking at pictures. Raskin explains a person sits in an fMRI machine, which records brain activity while they look at an image. The computer learns to match each brain pattern with the image the person is viewing.
When the computer is shown only the brain patterns (without seeing the actual image), it tries to guess what the person saw. For example, if someone looked at a giraffe, the computer would use only the brain data to create an image it believes represents the giraffe.
The latest research uses “stable diffusion” technology, a tool used in digital art creation, to make these brain-reading images even clearer. Surprisingly, tools made for art are now helping decode human thoughts.
The research has advanced to the point where it can capture people’s inner dialogue—the words they think to themselves. In one experiment, people watched a video and thought about what they saw. The computer was able to recreate their thoughts, like “a girl gets hit and falls,” based solely on brain patterns.
This kind of brain decoding could raise concerns, especially in authoritarian States, since it could lead to tracking what people think or dream about.
WIFI Radio signals led to tracking Living Beings
This explains how AI can use Wi-Fi signals, like the ones from your home router, to locate and track people in a room. Think of it like sonar: the Wi-Fi signals bounce around, similar to how sonar works. In this experiment, they first used a camera along with Wi-Fi signals to track where people were. The camera acted like one “eye,” and the Wi-Fi signals were the “other eye.”
After the AI learned how to recognize where people were, they removed the camera, leaving only the Wi-Fi signals. Now, just by analyzing the way Wi-Fi signals bounce, the AI could figure out people’s positions in 3D and in real-time—even in the dark. Essentially, this technology could turn any Wi-Fi router into a sort of “camera” that can track movement without needing light.
Hacking Wi-Fi routers would be a complicated task. However, computer code is like a language. Raskin shares a real example where they asked an AI (like GPT) to find a security weakness in some code from a mail server and to write a script to take advantage of that weakness. In just about 10 seconds, the AI provided a code that could exploit it.
While AI can’t yet be used to hack Wi-Fi routers directly, Raskin believes that in the near future—whether in one, two, or five years—it will become much easier to use existing technology for widespread surveillance. Essentially, take it as a warning that as AI improves, it could turn all the hardware we have into powerful tools for monitoring people.
AI can copy you and generate your imagery, voice & full appearance in the most natural way possible
If we want to manage and control technology better, we need to understand its effects. For instance, new AI can copy someone’s voice using just three seconds of audio. There are examples of this, like how a computer can make a person sound a bit robotic after those initial three seconds, and then it generates the rest of the speech on its own.
One scary thought is that someone could call your child, record their voice, and then use it to trick you into thinking it’s really them calling for help. This has already happened in real life, like when a teenager’s voice was cloned for a million-dollar kidnapping scam.
People are already used to seeing changes in social media, where you can make photos look better or change voices instantly. Filters on apps like TikTok have evolved so much that they can create very realistic images of people.
For example, one influencer made a virtual version of herself to use as a kind of digital friend, allowing people to interact with her avatar. This means that in today’s world, it’s hard to trust what you see or hear, even in videos.
Banks and other institutions still think they can confirm your identity by recognizing your voice or face on video calls, but that doesn’t work anymore because of AI technology. This year marks a big change: photographic and video evidence may no longer be reliable, and we need to catch up to this reality.
2024 will be the last human election
Democracy relies on language, and our society operates through it. Language shapes law, code, and religion. A point was made in a New York Times article by an author named Yuval Harari, who wrote Sapiens. The idea presented was that if someone can manipulate language, they can control how people think and act.
Someone asks an AI like GPT to explain biblical events in light of current events. This means taking religious ideas and using them to make sense of what’s happening in the world today. By doing this, you can reshape people’s understanding of reality and relationships. Language is what makes us human, and technology allows us to alter it.
Yuval compared the power of nuclear weapons in the real world to the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in the virtual world. He noted that the last time a non-human force created large, influential belief systems was with religion. Now, AI has the potential to form significant narratives that can deeply affect how people think.
Looking ahead, Harris & Raskin predicted that the 2024 election could be the last one mostly controlled by humans. This doesn’t mean there will be robots taking over, but it suggests that since 2008, political campaigns have already been using technology to test which messages work best with voters. By 2028, it’s expected that the effectiveness of content created by AI will greatly surpass what humans can produce, making human-generated messages less impactful in elections.
A never-before-seen video released Tuesday by a member of Congress appears to show a U.S. military Hellfire missile bouncing off a bright, shiny object that was being tracked off the coast of Yemen on Oct. 30, 2024.
The video was released at a House Government Oversight subcommittee hearing into Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), which is the military's term for UFOs.
During the hearing Rep. Eric Burlison (R-Mo.) played a video that he said "I've been given" and that he claimed was taken by an MQ-9 Reaper drone.
The overhead video showed a fast-moving object moving in a straight line above the waves in the waters off the coast of Yemen and captured what Burlison said was a Hellfire missile fired by another Reaper drone that appeared to strike the object.
"I'm not going to explain it to you, you'll see exactly what it does," said Burlison as the video clip was played.
The video showed what appeared to be an impact, but the object seemed to continue on its same trajectory.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) witness U.S. Air Force veteran Jeffrey Nuccetelli, UAP witness U.S. Navy Senior Chief Petty Officer Alexandro Wiggins, UAP Journalist George Knapp, UAP witness U.S. Air Force veteran Dylan Borland and Senior Policy Counsel at the Project On Government Oversight Joe Spielberger testify before the House Oversight Committee's Task Force on the Declassification of Federal Secrets at the Capitol, Sept. 9, 2025.
Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images
"This is when it's zoomed out, you can still see it traveling," said Burlison who did not provide details of how he had obtained the video.
At the time that the video was purportedly taken, the waters off Yemen were an active combat zone as U.S. Navy ships and aircraft protected commercial shipping lanes from missiles and drones fired at shipping vessels by the Houthi militants in Yemen.
U.S. Navy ships were regularly shooting down Houthi missiles and drones that posed a threat to them or commercial vessels.
The video raises several questions: Did it capture a potential attack on ships? Did the object pose a threat to U.S. Naval ships operating in the combat zone?
"The public should be seeing this stuff, and why you're not allowed to, I don't know," said George Knapp, an investigative journalist, who was a witness at Tuesday's hearing alongside others identified as whistleblowers of military UFO incidents.
"That's the Hellfire missile smacking into that UFO and just (bouncing)right off," he said, commenting on the video. "And it kept going."
"It kept going," Burlison agreed, "and it looks like the debris was taken with it."
"Yeah. What the hell is that?" Knapp added.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) journalist George Knapp testifies before the House Oversight Committee's Task Force on the Declassification of Federal Secrets at the Capitol, Sept. 9, 2025.
Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images
Burlison said he was not going to speculate on what the object was in the video, but asked "Why are we being blocked from this information consistently?"
A U.S. defense official told ABC News "we do not have anything to provide on this" when asked to authenticate the video and the time and location it was allegedly taken.
Asked to comment on the video, a DOD spokesperson said: "I have nothing for you."
The Pentagon's All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) continues to investigate UAP reports filed by military personnel, some of them going back decades.
While it has been able to explain some high-profile reports, there are still many cases that have been unexplained and has not found that any of the incidents are of an extraterrestrial origin
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) witness U.S. Air Force veteran Jeffrey Nuccetelli, UAP witness U.S. Navy Senior Chief Petty Officer Alexandro Wiggins, UAP Journalist George Knapp, UAP witness U.S. Air Force veteran Dylan Borland and Senior Policy Counsel at the Project On Government Oversight Joe Spielberger are sworn-in before testifying to the House Oversight Committee's Task Force on the Declassification of Federal Secrets at the Capitol, Sept. 9, 2025.
Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images
The new video is similar to a 2015 video that came to be known as the "Go Fast" video that showed a fast moving object appearing to fly at a high rate of speed above the waves in the waters off of California.
AARO analysts later determined that the video had captured an optical illusion involving a weather balloon and that the high rate of speed captured by the sensors aboard a Navy F/A-18 fighter jet was due to parallax and the angle from at which the camera viewed the object.
AARO officials have said previously that some of the older incidents remain unexplained because there was not enough data gathered by high-tech military sensors at the time. Newer incidents provide more data, because of the increased sophistication of sensors, that analysts can use to review them.
At the end of the hearing, Rep. Anna Paulina Luna (R-Fla.) replayed the video and asked the panelists if they were scared by what they saw in the video. All said yes with the exception of Knapp, who replied that he was happy that the video had been released.
The stories of flying saucers, little green men, and contact with beings from across the cosmos have fascinated the public for centuries as people have wondered what's beyond our skies.
But over the last few decades, as science and mass media have expanded, the obsession with unidentified flying objects and possible extraterrestrial life has exploded.
From the fun, such as sightseeing tours of supposed UFO activity hotspots like Roswell, New Mexico, to the serious, with last year's tense congressional hearings on the subject, a lot of money, resources and time has been spent answering the question: "Are we alone?"
Neil deGrasse Tyson speaks with "Impact x Nightline."
ABC News
"There are people who will see things that are explainable, but they can't explain it. So to them, it's unidentified. Fine. Well, let's investigate it," famed astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson told "Impact x Nightline."
An episode of "Impact x Nightline" now streaming on Hulu takes a look at the cultural phenomenon behind UFOs and features interviews with scientists, UFO enthusiasts and people who claimed to have been abducted by aliens.
Margaret Weitekamp, the department chair of the National Air and Space Museum, told "Impact" that the phenomenon behind UFOs began in the 1940s and 1950s with the public obsession over flying saucers.
Arguably the most famous incident took place in the summer of 1947 when a rancher found wreckage, including metallic-looking scraps, on his property. This was around the same time that the U.S. Air Force began "Project Blue Book," an initiative to investigate UFO reports.
"What we know is probably that it was a weather balloon incident, but a lot of lore has risen up around that and around especially secure areas in the American West, where people then ask a lot of questions about what's really happening there," Weitekamp said.
The reports of the weather balloon did little to quell people's suspicions, experts said.
Reports of unidentified lights in the sky, aircraft and other unexplained events, particularly in the Southwest, exploded since the 1950s and turned the area into a pop culture phenomenon.
Just outside of Las Vegas lies what many UFO enthusiasts call "The Extraterrestrial Highway," which features UFO-themed attractions and stores.
Kat Patterson claims she was abducted by aliens.
ABC News
But some who claimed they had gotten up close and personal with a being from outer space told "Impact" that their lives were forever changed from that fateful encounter.
Kat Patterson told "Impact" that she was abducted by aliens 24 years ago when she and her sister-in-law were driving in a rural area. Patterson said the experience, where she allegedly was put on a metal bed and was given a "pelvic exam" by a group of aliens, traumatized her.
"If you believe me, great. If you don’t, that’s fine, too. You don’t have to," she said. "I know what happened."
Avi Loeb, a theoretical physicist at Harvard University's department of astronomy, told "Impact" that aliens exist "because to think otherwise is arrogant." However, he said that there is no concrete evidence, yet, to prove extraterrestrial activity on Earth.
Avi Loeb, a professor of science at Harvard University, has been studying astronomy for years.
ABC News
"Nowadays, there are 10,000 satellites, many of which are communications satellites, and a lot of people mistake them for anomalous objects and there are many drones," Loeb said.
Still, that hasn't stopped scientists and the government from pouring billions of dollars over the years into probing the skies.
Two years ago, the Department of Defense created the All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office, or AARO, to investigate unidentified aerial phenomena.
The agency's former director, Sean Kirkpatrick, told ABC News that there is no evidence of reports of an intact spacecraft kept by the U.S. government.
However, last July, David Grusch, a member of a previous Pentagon office tasked with investigating unidentified aerial phenomena, or UAPs, gave bombshell testimony to a congressional hearing.
Grusch spoke of the unconfirmed existence of a secret UFO recovery program sanctioned by the government and claimed that the UAPs were may be capable of probing our activities.
Kirkpatrick dismissed Grusch's testimony in a statement published on his personal LinkedIn page released shortly after the hearing.
The Pentagon last year also said it had investigated over 650 UAP incidents and found there was no evidence that any of them were of extraterrestrial origin.
Weitekamp noted that Grusch's testimony had very little new scientific information.
Ryan Graves, executive director of Americans for Safe Aerospace, David Grusch, former National Reconnaissance Officer Representative of Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena Task Force at the U.S. Department of Defense, and Retired Navy Commander David Fravor are sworn-in during a House Oversight Committee hearing titled "Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena: Implications on National Security, Public Safety, and Government Transparency" on Capitol Hill 26, 2023 in Washington, DC.
Drew Angerer/Getty Images
"So when Congress is holding hearings investigating the questions of unidentified aerial phenomenon, those are really questions about national security, questions about overflight, not so much about something overflying in space," she said.
Outside of the government, civilians have banded to try and answer the questions about the unknown themselves.
When "Project Blue Book," terminated in 1969, the Mutual UFO Network, or MUFON, formed to independently continue the government's work. The nonprofit has members across the globe from all walks of life, and conducts research, lobbies the government, and investigates sightings.
Once a year MUFON puts on a three-day field investigator boot camp preparing newcomers to join their ranks in proving or disproving mysterious phenomena.
"So when Congress is holding hearings investigating the questions of unidentified aerial phenomenon, those are really questions about national security, questions about overflight, not so much about something overflying in space," she said.
Outside of the government, civilians have banded to try and answer the questions about the unknown themselves.
When "Project Blue Book," terminated in 1969, the Mutual UFO Network, or MUFON, formed to independently continue the government's work. The nonprofit has members across the globe from all walks of life, and conducts research, lobbies the government, and investigates sightings.
Once a year MUFON puts on a three-day field investigator boot camp preparing newcomers to join their ranks in proving or disproving mysterious phenomena.
"They're learning advanced interviewing techniques. They're learning astronomy, among other subjects that are just going to help them in their work," Stacey Wright, the head of the Arizona MUFON chapter, told "Impact."
Wright said MUFON can positively classify about 95% of the reports they investigate, "whether it's a naturally occurring thing in the environment, whether it's a conventional aircraft that people are seeing, [or] something floating in the sky as simple as mylar balloons."
Members of the Arizona MUFON gaze into the night sky for any signs of unusual activity.
ABC News
And while some of those inquiries about UFOs may not lead to major scientific revelations of extraterrestrial life, scientists said it is important to continue the research and follow the facts.
"If the day arises where they capture one of these things and they find there are aliens in it, that's cool. I'll rejoice. Finally, we found some aliens. But until that day happens, all we can do is collect data," Neil deGrasse Tyson said.
Pope Leo's bombshell alien claims as he makes 'life on other planets' statement
Pope Leo's bombshell alien claims as he makes 'life on other planets' statement
The Vatican has, since the dawn of Vatican time, stayed away from ever officially commenting on aliens and what officials known about them . . . until now, it seems
But nothing came of it, and rumours still persists that there are secret alien files in the Vatican's much-mysterious vault.
David Grusch, a US Air Force veteran has often made claims about the US Government's involvement in covering up the truth about aliens and UFOs and last year he brought the Vatican into the fold by claiming that it knows about aliens and was involved in a cover-up as far back as 1933.
However, nobody has ever really commented in any official capacity – until now.
Pope Leo XIV, who has only been in his role for a few months, has bucked the trend of silence and gone on record to claim that it's possible life does exists in other parts of the universe.
However, nobody has ever really commented in any official capacity – until now.
Pope Leo XIV, who has only been in his role for a few months, has bucked the trend of silence and gone on record to claim that it's possible life does exists in other parts of the universe.
Speaking during a reception held for participants of a summer course at the Vatican Observatory in June – but only just surfacing now – he said: “Thanks to this remarkable instrument, we are able for the first time to peer deep into the atmosphere of planets in other solar systems, where life could develop.
He was speaking at the Specola Vaticana
(Vatican Observatory) at Castel Gandolfo(Image: Getty Images)
“The new technology also makes it possible to trace the ancient light of distant galaxies, which tells us about the origins of our universe".
He then called on the participants of the course to use new telescopes and technology at the observatory to "deepen our knowledge of the cosmos, of which we are only a small but significant part”.
Despite this, it has often been claimed that if the Vatican were to open its vault doors and be honest about what it knows, it could do irreparable damage to itself.
But for now, the truth remains out there . . . somewhere.
For the first time, physicists have simulated what objects moving near the speed of light would look like — an optical illusion called the Terrell-Penrose effect.
The Vienna team stitched together slices of light to create snapshots. At rest (left), the cube looks normal. But when simulated at 99.9% of light speed (right), a sphere still looks round but reveals parts of its far side.
Using ultra-fast laser pulses and special cameras, scientists have simulated an optical illusion that appears to defy Einstein's theory of special relativity.
One consequence of special relativity is that fast-moving objects should appear shortened in the direction of motion — a phenomenon known as Lorentz contraction. This effect has been confirmed indirectly in particle accelerator experiments.
But in 1959, mathematician Roger Penrose and physicist James Terrell pointed out that an observer with a camera wouldn't actually see a squashed object at all. Instead, because light from different parts of the object takes different times to reach the camera, it would appear rotated.
Although previous models have worked with this illusion, now called the Terrell-Penrose effect, this is the first time it has been done in a lab setting. The team described their results in the journal Communications Physics.
"What I like most is the simplicity," Dominik Hornof, a quantum physicist at the Vienna University of Technology and first author of the study, told Live Science. "With the right idea, you can recreate relativistic effects in a small lab. It shows that even century-old predictions can be brought to life in a really intuitive way."
Re-creating the illusion
In the new study, physicists used ultra-fast laser pulses and gated cameras to produce snapshots of a cube and a sphere "moving" at nearly the speed of light. The results showed snapshots of rotated objects. This proved the Terrell-Penrose effect to be true.
The researchers fired ultra-short laser pulses at their test object and then used a delay generator to tell the camera exactly when to open its shutter (for just billionths of a second). This camera captured single slices of light bouncing off the object. They repeated the process and shifted the object between shots. The team built up the illusion of an object racing at near light speed. (Image credit: Hornof et al., 2025; CC BY 4.0)
But like every study, this one also had its difficulties. Moving any object at or near the speed of light is currently impossible. "In Einstein's theory, the faster something moves, the more its effective mass increases. As you get closer to the speed of light, the energy you need grows by a lot," Hornof said. We cannot generate enough energy to accelerate something like a cube, and "that's why we need huge particle accelerators, even just to move electrons close to that speed. It would take a huge amount of energy."
So the team used a clever substitute. "What we can do is mimic the visual effect," Hornof said. They started with a cube of about 3 feet (1 meter) on each side. Then, they fired ultra-short laser pulses — each just 300 picoseconds long, or about a tenth of a billionth of a second — at the object. They captured the reflected light with a gated camera that opened only for that instant and produced a thin "slice" each time.
After each slice, they moved the cube forward about 1.9 inches (4.8 cm). That is the distance it would have traveled if it were moving at 80% the speed of light during the delay between pulses. Then, the scientists put all of these slices together into a snapshot of the cube in motion.
"When you combine all the slices, the object looks like it's racing incredibly fast, even though it never moved at all," Hornof said. "At the end of the day, it's just geometry."
They repeated the process with a sphere, shifting it by 2.4 inches (6 cm) per step to mimic 99.9% light speed. When the slices were combined, the cube appeared rotated and the sphere looked as if you could peek around its sides.
"The rotation is not physical," Hornof said. "It's an optical illusion. The geometry of how light arrives at the same time tricks our eyes."
That is why the Terrell-Penrose effect does not contradict Einstein's special relativity. A fast-moving object is physically shortened along its direction of travel, but a camera doesn't capture that directly. Because light from the back takes longer to arrive than light from the front, the snapshot shifts in a way that makes the object appear rotated.
"When we did the calculations, we were surprised how beautifully the geometry worked out," Hornof said. "Seeing it appear in the images was really exciting."
Recent archaeological discoveries at two pivotal biblical sites are transforming our understanding of early Christianity's expansion across the ancient Mediterranean world. In Turkey's ancient Lystra, excavators have uncovered a magnificent 100-foot basilica adorned with gold-gilded mosaics, while Israel's el-Araj site yields new evidence supporting its identification as biblical Bethsaida. These findings illuminate the sophisticated urban networks that supported the first Christian communities and help validate biblical accounts with tangible archaeological evidence.
The Lystra basilica, discovered near modern Hatunsaray in central Anatolia, provides concrete proof that the city mentioned eight times in the New Testament was indeed a thriving Christian center capable of supporting grand religious architecture. According to Assoc. Prof. İlker Mete Mimiroğlu of Necmettin Erbakan University, this discovery confirms biblical narratives describing Paul's miraculous healing of a lame man and the subsequent establishment of organized Christian communities in first-century Anatolia claims the Daily Mail report.
Lystra: From Miraculous Healing to Christian Center
Lystra achieved biblical fame during Paul and Barnabas's first missionary journey when Paul healed a man "lame from birth" who had "never walked." This miracle, recorded in Acts 14:8-10, caused local residents to mistake the apostles for gods Hermes and Zeus, leading to dramatic religious confrontations that became foundational to early Christian history.
The newly discovered basilica spans 100 feet (30 meters) and features sophisticated late antique craftsmanship with gold-gilded ceiling mosaics and richly ornamented walls.
Archaeological evidence suggests the basilica served dual functions as both worship center and administrative hub, reflecting the organizational structure of early Christian communities in Anatolia. The site also connected to Timothy, Paul's spiritual successor, who was appointed as one of the region's first bishops. Excavations reveal continuous use from late antiquity through the early medieval period, demonstrating Christianity's lasting impact in this strategic Lycaonian city explains Arkeonews.
Beyond its Christian significance, Lystra excavations reveal remarkable cultural continuity through the Seljuk period (12th-13th centuries). Archaeologists discovered turquoise-colored beads in children's graves alongside Seljuk coins, representing early forms of the nazar boncuğu (evil-eye bead) that remains central to Turkish culture today. These artifacts demonstrate peaceful coexistence between Christian populations and incoming Turkish rulers rather than complete cultural displacement.
"It shows that when the Seljuks came, the local Christian population did not disappear," explains Mimiroğlu. "They continued their lives under Seljuk rule, within an atmosphere of tolerance."
Parts of the Byzantine basilica were repurposed into smaller chapels, with one altar incorporating a Roman funerary stele, illustrating how successive civilizations adapted sacred spaces for new religious purposes while maintaining spiritual continuity.
Turquoise-colored beads in children's graves alongside Seljuk coins discovered at the basilica.
Parallel discoveries at Israel's el-Araj site continue building the case for its identification as biblical Bethsaida, hometown of apostles Peter, Andrew, and Philip. Recent excavations uncovered a Byzantine church containing a mosaic inscription referencing "the chief of the apostles" - widely interpreted as Peter. This finding, combined with geographic and stratigraphic evidence, provides the strongest archaeological support yet for locating New Testament Bethsaida at this Sea of Galilee site.
The el-Araj church inscription includes a donor named Constantine petitioning for St. Peter's intercession, demonstrating organized Christian veneration at this location by the 5th-6th centuries AD. Wildfire damage in 2025 unexpectedly revealed hundreds of small mounds across the site, potentially representing individual house foundations from the ancient fishing village where Jesus performed multiple miracles and called his first disciples.
Ruins revealed by wildfire boost Sea of Galilee site's claim as being the New Testament's Bethsaida.
These synchronized discoveries at Lystra and Bethsaida demonstrate how archaeological evidence can help bolster biblical historical accounts while revealing the sophisticated urban networks that enabled Christianity's rapid expansion across the first-century Mediterranean world. From Paul's miraculous healings to the establishment of lasting religious institutions, these ancient cities continue yielding tangible proof of Christianity's foundational period.
Top image: The archaeological excavations at the Roman Lystra site in Turkey.
Dark matter is one of the biggest mysteries of modern science, because we can’t see it, touch it or feel it with our current instruments, and yet, we know it’s there because we can see how it affects galaxies, and its presence is felt through its gravity. Light bends around it as it travels across the universe, and the distribution of dark matter is known because of the way galaxies and galaxy clusters move, and the universe itself evolved differently than it would have if dark matter weren’t present.
The following 10 facts are a summary of what scientists have learned about this invisible stuff.
It outweighs the stuff we can see, because scientists have taken data from a number of missions, including the European Space Agency’s Planck mission, to show that regular atoms make up only about 5 percent of the universe, while dark matter makes up about 26 percent, and dark energy about 69 percent, which means that everything we can see and touch is only a small fraction of the universe’s mass-energy budget.
It’s invisible to light, because dark matter doesn’t emit, absorb or reflect any electromagnetic radiation, so our telescopes can’t spot it directly, but we know it’s there from the gravitational pull it exerts on stars, planets and galaxies, and stars in the outer regions of galaxies move faster than the stars closer to the center, which wouldn’t be possible if all we could see was the total amount of mass in the universe.
It’s not a new idea, since in the 1930s, Swiss astrophysicist Fritz Zwicky noticed that galaxies were moving so fast within galaxy clusters that the clusters should be flying apart, unless there was some invisible mass holding them together, which he called “dunkle Materie” — dark matter, and in the 1970s, Vera Rubin and Kent Ford made the same discovery in the rotation curves of spiral galaxies, thus turning it from a hunch to a fact of modern cosmology.
The Big Bang afterglow agrees, because dark matter affects the cosmic microwave background, the afterglow of the Big Bang, and satellites like WMAP and Planck have mapped the tiny ripples of heat in the CMB in exquisite detail, which agree with models that include dark matter, and without it, galaxies would not have formed so quickly.
It’s not made of normal atoms, because if dark matter were made of protons, neutrons or electrons, we would see clear signatures of that in the cosmic microwave background and in the abundance of light elements created in the first few minutes after the Big Bang, but we don’t, so that means dark matter is some other kind of particle.
Top candidates for dark matter are WIMPs and axions, because weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) and axions are two of the top contenders, where WIMPs would be heavy and interact via gravity and the weak force, while axions would be extremely light, and several experiments, such as XENONnT, LUX-ZEPLIN and ADMX, are currently hunting for signs of WIMPs and axions.
It molds galaxies and clusters, because dark matter provides the gravitational scaffolding that keeps galaxies and galaxy clusters together, while it also warps light across the universe, according to Einstein, where mass warps space and bends light, an effect called gravitational lensing, which has been observed by the Hubble Space Telescope, the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and other observatories, that have seen distant galaxies that are stretched and warped by massive, invisible structures, and those distortions create maps of where dark matter is.
It might only feel gravity, because no lab has yet detected dark matter interacting with anything except gravity, and the lack of signals at the Large Hadron Collider and other facilities has led some researchers to explore other ideas, such as self-interacting dark matter and sterile neutrinos.
It draws the cosmic web, because on the largest scales, galaxies are arranged into a web of filaments and galaxy clusters, which matches the distribution of dark matter in both simulations and maps of gravitational lensing, and dark matter’s gravity drew normal matter into those structures, giving the universe its large-scale architecture.
The existence of dark matter is supported by a wide range of observations, from the rotation curves of galaxies to the cosmic microwave background, therefore, whether it turns out to be a new particle, a tweak to gravity, or something we haven’t yet imagined, solving this mystery is key to understanding the universe and what it’s really made of.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.