Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS NEARLY 13 YEARS AND 4 MONTH.
ON /30/09/2024 MORE THAN 2.230.520
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
15-11-2024
Pentagon says UFO nearly crashed into commercial airliner above New York - as bombshell report is released
Pentagon says UFO nearly crashed into commercial airliner above New York - as bombshell report is released
The Pentagon has released a new report on UFOs that revealed hundreds of documented incidents of unidentified and unexplained aerial phenomena (UAPs).
While there is no evidence to suggest that these UAPs - the government's term for UFOs - are of extraterrestrial origin, some defy explanation, including a near-miss between a commercial airliner and a mysterious object off the coast of New York.
It was published one day after House lawmakers called for greater government transparency during a hearing on UAPs.
The Pentagon's review detailed 757 cases of UAP encounters that were reported to US authorities mainly between May 1, 2023 and June 1, 2024.
That total includes 272 incidents that occurred before that time period but were not previously reported.
Reporting witnesses included commercial and military pilots as well as ground-based observers.
The majority of these incidents occurred in airspace, but 49 took place at altitudes estimated to be at least 62 miles above Earth's surface, which is considered space.
No injuries or crashes were reported in any of the incidents.
But a commercial flight crew reported one near miss with a 'cylindrical object' while flying over the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of New York. That incident is still under investigation.
The Pentagon has released a new report on UFOs that revealed hundreds of documented incidents of unidentified and unexplained aerial phenomena (UAPs)
2024: Pentagon releases footage of UFOs spotted around the world
In three other cases, military air crews reported being followed or shadowed by unidentified aircraft, but investigators found no evidence linking the activity to a foreign power.
During the reporting period, 81 reports originated from US military operating areas.
Witnesses who provided visual descriptions reported unidentified lights or round, spherical or orb-shaped objects.
Other reports included a witness who reported a 'jellyfish' UAP with flashing lights.
The report states that trends of UAP morphologies remain consistent with historical patterns.
'Unidentified lights and round/spherical/orb-shaped objects made up the bulk of cases in which reports provided distinct visual characteristics,' it reads.
'Objects within the 'other' category include unique descriptions such as 'green fire ball,' 'a jelly fish with [multicolored] flashing lights,' and a 'silver rocket approximately six feet long.'
Investigators were able to explain nearly 300 of the incidents, and in many cases, the unknown objects were identified as balloons, birds, aircraft, drones or satellites.
The report was published one day after House lawmakers called for greater government transparency during a hearing on UAPs
The report stated that Elon Musk's Starlink satellite system is an increasingly common source of UAP reports, as people mistake chains of satellites for UFOs.
But hundreds of other cases remain unexplained.
The report's authors stated that this is often because there isn't enough information to draw firm conclusions.
'It is important to underscore that, to date, AARO has discovered no evidence of extraterrestrial beings, activity, or technology,' they wrote.
During Wednesday's hearing, lawmakers heard testimony from several expert witnesses who have studied the phenomena, including two former military officers.
The discussion included questions about alien intelligence and military research using alien technology, as well as concerns that foreign powers may be using secret aircraft to spy on US military installations.
Government Cybersecurity and Innovation Chairwoman Nancy Mace (R-S.C.) took a philosophical or metaphysical direction in her final question: 'How would you define non-human intelligence, non-human biologics? What are we actually talking about.'
House Oversight Panelist Mike Gold, a NASA legal and policy specialist who now works in the private aerospace sector, was the last to provide his answer, to which he asserted that we must re-examine the idea with modest assumptions, but noted that an advanced visiting intelligence may not actually be biological.
When pressed about what 'non-biological intelligence' means,' Gold replied: 'Artificial intelligence, ML, machines.'
The public's interest in this topic was apparent from the sheer volume of private citizen attendance at the hearing, DailyMail.com's Matthew Phelan reported live from the event.
Lawmakers said the many questions about UAPs show the need for the government to closely study the issue and share their findings with the American public.
'There is something out there,' said Republican Rep. Andy Ogles of Tennessee. 'The question is: Is it ours, is it someone else's, or is it otherworldly?'
Pentagon releases details of 757 UFO reports and blames Elon Musk
Pentagon releases details of 757 UFO reports and blames Elon Musk
The Pentagon's latest report on UFOs has revealed hundreds of new reports of unidentified and unexplained aerial phenomena
ByNeil Shaw/ Assistant - Editor (Money and Lifestyle)
According to the report, Elon Musk’s Starlink satellite system is one increasingly common source as people mistake chains of satellites for UFOs
The Pentagon’s latest report on UFOs has revealed hundreds of new reports of unidentified and unexplained aerial phenomena but no indications suggesting an extraterrestrial origin. The review includes hundreds of cases of misidentified balloons, birds and satellites as well as some that defy easy explanation, such as a near-miss between a commercial airliner and a mysterious object off the coast of New York.
While it is not likely to settle any debates over the existence of alien life, the report reflects heightened public interest in the topic and the government’s efforts to provide some answers. Its publication comes a day after House legislators called for greater government transparency during a hearing on unidentified anomalous phenomena, or UAPs – the government’s term for UFOs.
Federal efforts to study and identify UAPs have focused on potential threats to national security or air safety and not their science fiction aspects. Officials at the Pentagon office created in 2022 to track UAPs, known as the All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO), have said there is no indication any of the cases they looked into have unearthly origins.
“It is important to underscore that, to date, AARO has discovered no evidence of extraterrestrial beings, activity, or technology,” the authors of the report wrote. The Pentagon’s review covered 757 cases from around the world that were reported to US authorities from May 1 2023 to June 1 2024.
The total includes 272 incidents that occurred before that time period but had not been previously reported. The great majority of the reported incidents occurred in airspace, but 49 occurred at altitudes estimated to be at least 100 kilometres (62 miles), which is considered space.
None occurred underwater. Reporting witnesses included commercial and military pilots as well as ground-based observers.
Investigators found explanations for nearly 300 of the incidents. In many cases, the unknown objects were found to be balloons, birds, aircraft, drones or satellites.
According to the report, Elon Musk’s Starlink satellite system is one increasingly common source as people mistake chains of satellites for UFOs. Hundreds of other cases remain unexplained, though the report’s authors stressed that is often because there is not enough information to draw firm conclusions.
No injuries or crashes were reported in any of the incidents, though a commercial flight crew reported one near miss with a “cylindrical object” while flying over the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of New York. That incident remains under investigation.
In three other cases, military air crews reported being followed or shadowed by unidentified aircraft, though investigators could find no evidence to link the activity to a foreign power. For witnesses who provided visual descriptions, unidentified lights or round, spherical or orb-shaped objects were commonly reported.
Other reports included a witness who reported a jellyfish with flashing lights. During Wednesday’s hearing on UAPs, legislators heard evidence from several expert witnesses who have studied the phenomena, including two former military officers.
The discussion included fanciful questions about alien intelligence and military research using alien technology as well as concerns that foreign powers may be using secret aircraft to spy on US military installations.
Legislators said the many questions about UAPs show the need for the government to closely study the issue – and share those findings with Americans. There is something out there,” said Republican Representative Andy Ogles of Tennessee.
“The question is: Is it ours, is it someone else’s, or is it otherworldly?”
Pentagon’s Latest UFO Report Identifies Hotspots for Sightings
The Pentagon office in charge of fielding UFO reports says that it has resolved 118 cases over the past year, with most of those anomalous objects turning out to be balloons. But it also says many other cases remain unresolved.
This year’s legally mandated report from the Department of Defense’s All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office, or AARO, also identifies areas of the world that seem to be hotspots for sightings of unidentified flying objects. Such objects have been re-branded as unidentified anomalous phenomena, or UAPs.
Today’s report come just one day after a House subcommittee hearing about UAPs, during which witnesses — and some lawmakers — voiced concerns about potential alien visitations and undisclosed efforts to gather evidence. In contrast, the Pentagon’s report for the 2023-2024 time period states that, “to date, AARO has discovered no evidence of extraterrestrial beings, activity or technology.”
“AARO has successfully resolved hundreds of cases in its holdings to commonplace objects such as balloons, birds, drones, satellites and aircraft,” the office’s director, Jon Kosloski, said in a news release. “Only a very small percentage of reports to AARO are potentially anomalous, but these are the cases that require significant time, resources and a focused scientific inquiry by AARO and its partners.”
In the past, U.S. military and intelligence officials have suggested that some UAP sightings may be attributable to intrusions by rival powers such as Russia or China. The Chinese spy balloon that was intercepted and destroyed by Air Force fighter jets last year after crossing over the U.S. serves as a prime example.
AARO’s latest report says that U.S. military aircrews provided two reports over the past year that identified flight safety concerns, and three reports described pilots being trailed or shadowed by anomalous objects. “To date, AARO has no indication or confirmation that these activities are attributable to foreign adversaries,” the report says, but the office is continuing to work with the U.S. intelligence community to investigate the cases.
“None of the reports AARO received during the reporting period indicated that observers suffered any adverse health effects,” the report says.
AARO’s reporting system was established to encourage members of the U.S. military to let the Pentagon know about UAP sightings and take the stigma out of the process. Based on the latest numbers, the strategy seems to be working. Between May 2023 and June 2024, AARO received 757 UAP reports, compared with 291 reports for the period between August 2022 and April 2023.
Here are more statistics from today’s report:
Of the 757 reports received over the past year, 485 relate to incidents during the yearlong reporting period, and the remaining 272 reports relate to incidents occurring in the 2021-2022 time frame.
In addition to the 118 resolved cases, another 174 cases have been queued up for closure, pending a final review and approval by AARO’s director. All those cases were attributed to prosaic objects.
Seventy percent of the closed cases in 2023-2024 were attributed to balloons. Sixteen percent were attributed to drones, 8% to birds, 4% to satellites and 2% to birds.
AARO determined that 21 cases merited further analysis, based on reported anomalous characteristics or behaviors. Those cases are being studied by AARO’s experts as well as the office’s partners in the intelligence community and the science and tech community. “AARO will provide immediate notification to Congress should AARO identify that any cases indicate or involve a breakthrough foreign adversarial aerospace capability,” the report says.
The remaining 444 cases received over the past year lacked sufficient data for further analysis. They’ve been placed in an archive and will be revisited if additional data comes to light. AARO says it has 1,652 UAP reports in all.
In addition to reports from the U.S. military, AARO is receiving reports of sightings by civil and commercial pilots via the Federal Aviation Administration. AARO says 392 of the 757 reports received over the past year came from the FAA.
AARO says unidentified lights or orb-shaped objects were mentioned most frequently in the subset of UAP reports that included references to visual characteristics. Other reports mentioned cylinders, disks, triangles, squares or exotic objects such as a “green fireball” or “a jellyfish with flashing lights.”
AARO’s global map of UAP reporting hotspots highlights four broad areas: the southeastern U.S. and Gulf of Mexico; the West Coast and Pacific Northwest; the Middle East; and northeastern Asia in the vicinity of Japan and the Korean peninsula. This doesn’t mean the aliens favor those regions. Instead, AARO says the distribution favors a “continued geographic collection bias based on locations near U.S. military assets and sensors operating globally.”
AARO says it’s getting an increasing number of cases that can be traced to sightings of SpaceX’s Starlink satellites. “For example, a commercial pilot reported white flashing lights in the night sky,” the report says. “The pilot did not report an altitude or speed, and no data or imagery was recorded. AARO assessed that this sighting of flashing lights correlated with a Starlink satellite launch from Cape Canaveral, Florida, the same evening about one hour prior to the sighting.”
One of the reports received via the FAA mentioned a possible flight safety issue. “In this instance, a commercial aircrew reported a near miss with a ‘cylindrical object’ while over the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of New York,” the report says. “AARO continues its research into, and analysis of, this case.”
AARO received 18 reports from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission that related to UAP incidents near U.S. nuclear infrastructure, weapons and launch sites. NRC officials attributed all those sightings to drones. One of the incidents, in August 2023, involved the recovery of a crashed drone in the vicinity of the D.C. Cook Nuclear Power Plant in Michigan — but AARO provided no further information about the drone.
What more can be done? In today’s report, AARO says its ability to resolve cases has been constrained due to “a lack of timely and actionable sensor data.”
“AARO continues to address this challenge by working with military and technical partners to optimize sensor requirements, information-sharing processes, and the content of UAP reporting,” the report says. “AARO is also expanding engagement with foreign partners to share information and collaborate on best practices for resolving UAP cases.”
Astronauts on the Apollo missions of the 1960s and '70s collected rocks, took photos, performed experiments, planted flags, and then came home. But those stays didn't establish a lasting human presence on the moon.
More than 50 years after the most recent crewed moon landing — Apollo 17 in December 1972 — there are plenty of reasons to return people to Earth's giant, dusty satellite and stay there.
We're getting closer. In February, a US lunar lander touched down on the moon's surface for the first time since Apollo 17. The uncrewed Nova-C lander, named Odysseus, was designed by the Houston company Intuitive Machines with a $118 million contract from NASA. It was the first commercial mission to touch down on the moon and a huge step toward new human landings.
Jim Bridenstine, who ran NASA during the Trump administration, said it's not science or technology hurdles that have held the US back from doing this sooner.
"If it wasn't for the political risk, we would be on the moon right now," Bridenstine said on a phone call with reporters in 2018. "In fact, we would probably be on Mars."
Why a permanent crewed lunar base is worth it
Researchers and entrepreneurs have long pushed for the creation of a crewed base on the moon — a lunar space station.
"A permanent human research station on the moon is the next logical step. It's only three days away. We can afford to get it wrong and not kill everybody," Chris Hadfield, a former astronaut, previously told Business Insider. "And we have a whole bunch of stuff we have to invent and then test in order to learn before we can go deeper out."
With such a tight budget, NASA is vulnerable to government gridlocks. Congress was slow to pass its 2024 budget — a delay NASA cited as a major reason for laying off 8% of its workforce at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in February.
Plus, NASA's budget is somewhat small relative to its past.
"NASA's portion of the federal budget peaked at 4% in 1965," Walter Cunningham, an Apollo 7 astronaut, said during congressional testimony in 2015.
In comparison, NASA's 2024 budget represents roughly 0.36% of US spending, according to a report from the Planetary Society. It has fluctuated between 0.4% and 1% since the 1970s, the report said.
The US doesn't give NASA as much funding as it once did. NASA/Handout/Getty Images
Returning to the moon costs a significant chunk of that budget. A 2021 report from NASA estimated that the Artemis program to return people to the moon would cost a total of $93 billion from 2012 through 2025.
The Apollo program, by comparison, cost about $257 billion in today's dollars.
"Manned exploration is the most expensive space venture and, consequently, the most difficult for which to obtain political support," Cunningham said during his 2015 testimony.
He added, according to Scientific American: "Unless the country, which is Congress here, decided to put more money in it, this is just talk that we're doing here."
Referring to Mars missions and a return to the moon, Cunningham said, "NASA's budget is way too low to do all the things that we've talked about."
The problem with presidents
During his presidency, Donald Trump wanted to get astronauts back on the moon in 2024.
President Joe Biden will no longer be in office in 2026, when NASA plans to send astronauts back to the moon.
And therein lies another major problem: partisan political whiplash.
"Why would you believe what any president said about a prediction of something that was going to happen two administrations in the future?" Hadfield previously told BI. "That's just talk."
The process of designing, engineering, and testing a spacecraft that could get people to another world easily outlasts a two-term president. But incoming presidents and lawmakers often scrap the previous leader's space-exploration priorities.
"I would like the next president to support a budget that allows us to accomplish the mission that we are asked to perform, whatever that mission may be," Scott Kelly, a retired astronaut who spent a year in space, wrote in a Reddit "Ask Me Anything" thread in January 2016, before Donald Trump took office.
But presidents and Congress don't often seem to care about staying the course.
In 2004, for example, the Bush administration tasked NASA to come up with a way to replace the space shuttle, which was set to retire, and also return to the moon. The agency came up with the Constellation program to land astronauts on the moon using a rocket called Ares and a spaceship called Orion.
NASA spent $9 billion over five years designing, building, and testing hardware for that human-spaceflight program.
Yet after President Barack Obama took office — and the Government Accountability Office released a report about NASA's inability to estimate a realistic cost for Constellation — Obama pushed to scrap the program and signed off on the SLS rocket instead.
The crew of NASA's Artemis II mission, from left: the NASA astronauts Christina Hammock Koch, Reid Wiseman (seated), and Victor Glover as well as Jeremy Hansen, an astronaut from the Canadian Space Agency.
Trump didn't scrap SLS, but he did change Obama's goal of launching astronauts to an asteroid, shifting priorities to moon and Mars missions. Trump wanted to see Artemis land astronauts back on the moon in 2024.
Such frequent changes to NASA's expensive priorities have led to cancellation after cancellation, a loss of about $20 billion, and years of wasted time and momentum.
Biden seems to be a rare exception to the shifty presidential trend: He hasn't toyed with Trump's Artemis priority for NASA, and he's also kept the Space Force intact.
For Trump's second term, some space industry experts told BI that SpaceX founder Elon Musk could influence the space agenda and help finally get the US back to the moon and, ultimately, to Mars.
Buzz Aldrin said in testimony to Congress in 2015 that he believed the will to return to the moon must come from Capitol Hill.
"American leadership is inspiring the world by consistently doing what no other nation is capable of doing. We demonstrated that for a brief time 45 years ago. I do not believe we have done it since," Aldrin wrote in a statement. "I believe it begins with a bipartisan congressional and administration commitment to sustained leadership."
The real driving force behind that government commitment to return to the moon is the will of the American people, who vote for politicians and help shape their policy priorities. But public interest in lunar exploration has always been lukewarm.
Even at the height of the Apollo program, after Aldrin and Neil Armstrong stepped onto the lunar surface, only 53% of Americans said they thought the program was worth the cost. For the most part, US approval of Apollo hovered below 50%.
A 2023 Pew Research Poll found most Americans said NASA should continue leading space exploration. But that doesn't mean people care about going back to the moon — only 12% of the 10,329 respondents said NASA should prioritize human lunar missions.
Support for crewed Mars exploration isn't much stronger, with 11% of the poll's respondents saying it should be a NASA priority. Meanwhile, 60% said scanning the skies for killer asteroids was important.
Many space enthusiasts have long hoped to build a base on the moon, but the lunar surface's harsh environment wouldn't be an ideal place for humans to thrive.
The challenges beyond politics include problematic regolith and eye-popping temperature fluctuations
The political tug-of-war over NASA's mission and budget isn't the only reason people haven't returned to the moon. The moon is also a 4.5-billion-year-old death trap for humans and must not be trifled with or underestimated.
Its surface is littered with craters and boulders that threaten safe landings. The US government spent what would be tens of billions in today's dollars to develop, launch, and deliver satellites to the moon to map its surface and help mission planners scout for Apollo landing sites.
But a bigger worry is what eons of meteorite impacts have created: regolith, also called moon dust.
Following the Apollo missions, scientists quarantined the astronauts for two weeks after they landed, in part because they were worried about the effects of the dust, according to a 2022 NASA study. The fine powder that sits on the moon's surface stuck to their suits and vehicles and even got inside their spacecraft.
Peggy Whitson, an astronaut who has spent 675 days in space, previously told BI that the Apollo missions "had a lot of problems with dust."
"If we're going to spend long durations and build permanent habitats, we have to figure out how to handle that," Whitson said.
A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket, carrying the crew of the Polaris Dawn Mission.
For about 14 days at a time, the side of the moon facing Earth is a boiling hellscape that is exposed directly to the sun's harsh rays; the moon has very little atmosphere, and therefore no protection against solar radiation.
The next 14 days that same side is in total darkness, dipping to temperatures below minus 200 degrees Fahrenheit, making the moon's surface one of the colder places in the solar system.
NASA is developing a fission power system that could supply astronauts with electricity during weekslong lunar nights — which would also be useful on other worlds, including Mars.
"There is not a more environmentally unforgiving or harsher place to live than the moon," the astronautical engineer Madhu Thangavelu wrote. "And yet, since it is so close to the Earth, there is not a better place to learn how to live away from planet Earth."
NASA has designed dust- and sun-resistant spacesuits and rovers, though it's uncertain whether that equipment is anywhere near ready to launch.
"I already knew going to the moon was hard," Reid Wiseman, the Artemis II mission commander, said at a press conference in 2023. "But boy, it's harder than I thought."
A generation of billionaire 'space nuts' may get there
Jeff Bezos's space company Blue Origin has a multi-million dollar contract with NASA to build a space station.
Another issue, astronauts say, is NASA's graying workforce. In 2019, more American kids polled said they dreamed about becoming YouTube stars than astronauts.
"You've got to realize young people are essential to this kind of an effort," the Apollo 17 astronaut Harrison Schmitt previously told BI. "The average age of the people in Mission Control for Apollo 13 was 26 years old, and they'd already been on a bunch of missions."
An estimated 14% of NASA's workforce is over 40 years old, according to a Zippia analysis.
"That's not where innovation and excitement comes from. Excitement comes from when you've got teenagers and 20-year-olds running programs," Rusty Schweickart, a former NASA astronaut, said. "When Elon Musk lands a [rocket booster], his whole company is yelling and screaming and jumping up and down."
Musk is part of what retired astronaut Jeffrey Hoffman has called a "generation of billionaires who are space nuts," developing a new, private suite of moon-capable rockets.
Elon Musk celebrating the first launch of astronauts aboard a SpaceX rocket in 2020.
"The innovation that's been going on over the last 10 years in spaceflight never would've happened if it was just NASA and Boeing and Lockheed," Hoffman told journalists during a roundtable in 2018. "Because there was no motivation to reduce the cost or change the way we do it."
Hoffman was referring to the innovative work of Musk's rocket company, SpaceX, as well as to Jeff Bezos, who founded the aerospace company Blue Origin.
"There's no question: If we're going to go farther, especially if we're going to go farther than the moon, we need new transportation," Hoffman added. "Right now we're still in the horse-and-buggy days of spaceflight."
"My dream would be that someday the moon would become part of the economic sphere of the Earth — just like geostationary orbit and low-Earth orbit," Hoffman said. "Space out as far as geostationary orbit is part of our everyday economy. Someday I think the moon will be, and that's something to work for."
SpaceX successfully launched its complete Starship system in October.
It was a huge feat, proving the reusable rocket could launch toward space and safely come back to Earth.
With space enthusiasts, both public and private, making strides, astronauts don't doubt whether we'll get back to the moon and onto Mars. It's just a matter of when.
"I guess eventually things will come to pass where they will go back to the moon and eventually go to Mars — probably not in my lifetime," said 96-year-old retired astronaut Jim Lovell, who flew to the moon on Apollo 8 and Apollo 13. "Hopefully, they'll be successful."
This story was originally published on July 14, 2018. It has been updated.
Correction: February 27, 2024 — An earlier version of this story misstated the size of NASA's contract with Intuitive Machines. It was $118 million, not $118 billion. A prior version of this story also misstated the number of moonwalkers. During NASA's Apollo program, 12 people landed on the moon.
Private owned U.S. spacecraft lands on moon for first time in over 50 years
U.S. company achieves first American moon landing since 1972
Researchers find strong evidence for “Snowball Earth” theory
Researchers find strong evidence for “Snowball Earth” theory
Study “presents the first physical evidence that Snowball Earth reached the heart of continents at the equator” says lead author Liam Courtney-Davies.
Snow in northeastern United States.(photo credit: NASA Goddard Photo and Video is licensed under CC BY 2.0. Via NASA)
A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences presents strong evidence that massive glaciers covered the entire globe during the Cryogenian Period, including thick ice sheets that likely formed over Colorado. Led by the University of Colorado Boulder, the research focuses on the Front Range of Colorado's Rocky Mountains, where geologists found physical evidence related to the Snowball Earth hypothesis. The study describes a missing link found in an unusual pebbly sandstone encapsulated within the granite that forms Colorado's Pikes Peak.
Liam Courtney-Davies, the lead author of the study and a postdoctoral researcher in the Department of Geological Sciences at CU Boulder, stated, "This study presents the first physical evidence that Snowball Earth reached the heart of continents at the equator." The discovery that glaciers reached the center of continents, where conditions would have been very dry, deepens the mystery of where and how life survives. Physical evidence that ice sheets covered the interior of continents in warm equatorial regions had eluded scientists until now.
During the Snowball Earth period, around 720 to 635 million years ago, the Earth cooled so much that massive ice sheets encased the entire planet like a giant snowball. Temperatures plummeted, and ice sheets that may have been several miles thick crept over every inch of Earth's surface. Evidence of ice in Colorado dating back 661 million years supports this hypothesis. Scientists believe that ice sheets possibly surrounded the entire planet, even at the equator, where it is warmer today.
Despite decades of research, scientists have not agreed whether the entire globe actually froze during the Snowball Earth period. Initially, geologists were skeptical about finding far more ancient hints of glaciers in tropical regions. It seemed implausible that the planet had ever been cold enough for thick sheets of ice to have reached the equator. The new findings further cement the global Snowball Earth hypothesis, which suggests that this global deep freeze endured for tens of millions of years.
The study focuses on the Tava sandstones, a series of rocks nicknamed the Tavakaiv or "Tava," which hold clues to the frigid period in Earth's past. The Tava rocks are composed of solidified sand injectites, formed when sand-rich fluid was forced into underlying rock, similar to fracking for natural gas or oil. To the untrained eye, the Tava sandstones might seem like ordinary yellow-brown rocks running in vertical bands less than an inch to many feet wide. For geologists, however, they have an unusual history; they likely began as sands at the surface of Colorado at some point in the past.
The researchers used a dating technique called laser ablation mass spectrometry, which zaps minerals with lasers to release some of the atoms inside. Recent advancements in laser-based radiometric dating allowed the researchers to measure the ratio of uranium to lead isotopes in iron oxide minerals, revealing how long ago the individual crystals formed. This allowed them to figure out an age bracket for the sand injectites, which must have formed between 690 million and 660 million years ago, during the Cryogenian Period.
The group suspects that thick ice sheets formed over Colorado during the Snowball Earth period, exposing the sands to intense pressures. The researchers envision the following scenario for how the sand injection happened: A giant ice sheet with areas of geothermal heating at its base produced meltwater, which mixed with quartz-rich sediment below. Similar to fracking for natural gas or oil today, the pressure cracked the rocks and pushed the sandy meltwater in, eventually creating the injectites seen today.
Liam Courtney-Davies says, "These are classic geological features called injectites that often form below some ice sheets, including in modern-day Antarctica." He added, "You have the climate evolving, and you have life evolving with it. All of these things happened during Snowball Earth upheaval." The researchers argue that mineral veins injected into sandstones are a sure sign of a combination of glacial pressure and geothermal heating.
At the time of the Snowball Earth period, Colorado rested over the equator as a landlocked part of the ancient supercontinent Laurentia, and the Tava rocks found on Pikes Peak would have formed close to the equator. If glaciers formed in Colorado, scientists believe they could have formed anywhere on Earth. The Colorado sites fit the criteria of being tropical, low altitude, and far from continental margins at the relevant time.
Rebecca Flowers, co-author of the study and professor of geological sciences at CU Boulder, said, "We're excited that we had the opportunity to unravel the story of the only Snowball Earth deposits that have so far been identified in Colorado." The discovery provides crucial evidence supporting the idea that the entire planet may have been encased in ice.
The findings also have implications for understanding the history of life on Earth. Before the Cryogenian period, life on Earth was dominated by single-celled organisms. After Snowball Earth thawed, the earliest examples of large organisms appeared during the Ediacaran period, which lasted from 635 to 541 million years ago. Scientists still don't understand the processes which led to this explosion in life after Snowball Earth.
Liam Courtney-Davies emphasized the importance of the study, saying, "We have to better characterize this entire time period to understand how we and the planet evolved together." He added, "If such features formed in Colorado during Snowball Earth, they probably formed in other spots around North America, too." The researchers hope that the secrets of these elusive Cryogenian rocks in Colorado will lead to the discovery of further terrestrial records of Snowball Earth.
Such findings can help develop a clearer picture of Earth during climate extremes and the processes that led to the habitable planet we live on today. The researchers' results support that a Great Unconformity near Pikes Peak must have been formed prior to Cryogenian Snowball Earth. This finding is at odds with hypotheses that attribute the formation of the Great Unconformity to large-scale erosion by Snowball Earth ice sheets themselves.
Ultimately, the study not only sheds light on a critical phase in Earth's geologic history but also deepens the mystery of where and how life survives during extreme climate events. The researchers' work underscores the interconnectedness of Earth's climate and the evolution of life, providing new avenues for exploration and understanding.
Sources:
Science Alert,
Cosmos,
Phys.org,
IFLScience,
Science Daily
This article was written in collaboration with generative AI company Alchemiq
Welcome to this week’s double-sized installment of The Intelligence Brief… today, the DoD released its 2024 annual report on Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP), within 24 hours of the conclusion of a Congressional hearing on the topic. In our analysis of this week’s UAP double-hit combo, we’ll be looking at 1) significant takeaways from the latest official report on the DoD’s UAP investigations, 2) trends reported by the DoD’s All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO), and then shifting gears, we’ll examine 3) what former officials told lawmakers on Capitol hill yesterday involving UAP and 4) how claims involving secret U.S. programs and Pentagon disinformation campaigns became a major focal point of yesterday’s hearing.
Quote of the Week
“Let me be clear: UAP are real. Advanced technologies not made by our government—or any other government—are monitoring sensitive military installations around the globe.”
Podcasts: In podcasts this week, on the latest installment of The Debrief Weekly Report, Kenna and Stephanie decide to take a dip in a Martian ocean and discuss China’s Mars expedition and its discovery. Meanwhile on The Micah Hanks Program, I provide a deep-dive in to this week’s Congressional UAP hearing. You can find all our past episodes on The Debrief’s Podcasts Page.
Video News:On the latest episode of Rebelliously Curious, Chrissy Newton takes a critical look at the rise of misinformation, manipulation, and cult-like followings in UFO culture. Be sure to check out other great content from The Debrief on our official YouTube Channel.
With all that out of the way, it’s time to dive into the DoD’s latest report on its ongoing investigations into unidentified anomalous phenomena and what a group of lawmakers said about the topic during a congressional hearing earlier this week.
The new report covers incidents from May 1, 2023, to June 1, 2024, and any previously undocumented reports from earlier periods. According to the document, the DoD’s All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) received 757 UAP reports, 485 of which occurred during the most recent reporting period (272 reports were from a period between 2021 and 2022).
Among the key takeaways from the new report, AARO received two reports indicating flight safety concerns, and “three reports described pilots being trailed or shadowed by UAP.”
“To date, AARO has no indication or confirmation that these activities are attributable to foreign adversaries,” the report states, adding that “AARO continues to coordinate with the Intelligence Community (IC) to identify whether these activities may be the result of foreign adversarial activities.”
The new AARO report also says 49 of the cases it received were resolved, 243 were recommended for closure and are pending peer review, and 444 lacked enough data for reliable analysis. Presently, no cases it resolved have been linked to suspected foreign adversarial technologies, nor do any appear to display evidence of advanced capabilities or other scientific or technological breakthroughs.
Unknowns, UAP Trends, and Further Analysis
However, the report states that “AARO determined 21 cases merit further analysis by its IC and science and technology (S&T) partners,” which the office “is working closely with its IC and S&T partners to understand and attribute,” given that these cases appear to “merit further analysis based on reported anomalous characteristics and/or behaviors.”
The report also says observed UAP morphologies and other attributes remain consistent with traditional observations, with most reported UAP appearing as spherical objects. The report does include several examples of less conventional reported morphologies including descriptions of a “green fire ball,” “a jelly fish with [multicolored] flashing lights,” and a “silver rocket approximately six feet long.”
AARO’s investigations also reveal that the office “increasingly receives cases that it is able to resolve to the Starlink satellite constellation,” as well as sensor artifacts on various systems that lead to misidentification of birds and similar prosaic objects.
The report notes 392 reports AARO received from the FAA, only one of which involved possible flight safety issues arising from a commercial aircrew reporting a near miss with a “cylindrical object” it encountered off the coast of New York, one of several cases AARO is still analyzing.
The report also details the recovery of a crashed unmanned aerial system (UAS) near the D.C. Cook Nuclear Power Plant, which was later provided to local law enforcement. As far as any more exotic crash retrievals, the report states that “AARO Possesses No Data to Indicate the Capture or Exploitation of UAP,” although protocols are currently in development in the event such capture were ever to occur. In the recent reporting period, AARO also says it received no reports involving adverse physiological or health effects.
Unclassified diagram detailing AARO’s GREMLIN sensor suite, which employs various sensor capabilities to detect and track UAP in areas of interest
(Credit: DoD/AARO).
AARO also reported that it has begun testing its new GREMLIN sensor system, which the office says “demonstrated functionality and successfully collected data during a test event in March of 2024.”
“The next step for GREMLIN is a 90-day pattern of life collection at a site of national security,” the report states.
UAP and Government Transparency on Capitol Hill
The release of the 2024 annual UAP report was preceded by a congressional hearing on Wednesday, the latest in a series that have recently addressed the UAP subject. Several former officials, including Rear Admiral Timothy Gallaudet, former counterintelligence special agent Luis Elizondo, and former NASA UAP Independent Study Team member Mike Gold, along with independent journalist Michael Shellenberger, spoke before a bipartisan group of lawmakers, who expressed frustration over government secrecy surrounding the Pentagon’s investigations.
Although Wednesday’s session produced no “bombshell” revelations and seemed to receive less attention than past Congressional hearings on the topic, there were nonetheless several important takeaways that warrant attention. A resounding theme in some of the testimonies provided on Wednesday involved ongoing allegations of secretive Department of Defense UAP initiatives. These were primarily referenced by former DoD employee Luis Elizondo, who responded to several questions from lawmakers about his knowledge of such alleged programs.
Luis Elizondo
(Credit: To The Stars Academy).
“Has the government conducted secret UAP crash retrieval programs, yes or no?” Representative Nancy Mace (R-SC) pointedly asked Elizondo during the hearing.
“Yes,” Elizondo said, also responding in the affirmative to an immediate follow-up from Mace asking if such programs were designed to identify and reverse-engineer alien craft.
Secret Programs and Disinformation Campaigns
Also contributing to the discussion involving alleged secret UAP programs was witness Michael Shellenberger, an independent journalist and founder of Public, who published a report several weeks ago detailing the existence of an alleged secret UAP program called “Immaculate Constellation.” According to Shellenberger’s sources (all of which currently remain on background), the U.S. Executive Branch has concealed the existence of UAP programs for decades without congressional oversight.
Another notable highlight from the recent hearing involved assertions by Gallaudet and Elizondo involving disinformation campaigns carried out by the DoD. Specifically, Elizondo highlighted instances involving information management campaigns that he claims have aimed not only to mislead the public, but also to harm his credibility. Gallaudet also discussed a meeting he attended with AARO officials earlier this year, which he likened to being an “influence operation,” where officials appeared to try and convince him of the possibility that a famous 2004 UAP incident involving an object popularly known as the Tic Tac might have been secret U.S. technology.
When pressed on what UAP might represent, the witnesses offered diverse views. Gallaudet and Elizondo suggested non-human intelligence could be a plausible explanation, while Shellenberger and NASA’s Michael Gold were uncertain about what UAP might be. However, Gold warned against making assumptions, telling Rep. Mace that “the ultimate answer is going to surprise us all.” You can find The Debrief’s complete coverage of Wednesday’s Congressional hearing on our website.
New data is revealing deeper insights into how early humans interbred with Denisovans in several distinct events that significantly shaped our early history.
Department of Defense Releases the Annual Report on Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena (UAP)
This week the Department of Defense and the Office of the Director of National Intelligence delivered to Congress the All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office’s Annual Report on Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena as required by the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022, as amended by the NDAA for Fiscal Year 2023.
Analyzing and understanding the potential threats posed by UAP is an ongoing collaborative effort involving many departments and agencies, and the department thanks the Office of the Director of National Intelligence and other contributing departments and agencies for their collaborative efforts to produce this report.
The safety of our service personnel, our bases and installations, and the protection of U.S. operations security on land, in the skies, seas, and space are paramount. We take reports of incursions into our designated space, land, sea, or airspaces seriously and examine each one.
The All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office is leading DOD's efforts, in coordination with ODNI and other government agencies, to document, analyze, and when possible, resolve UAP reports using a rigorous scientific framework and a data-driven approach. This year's UAP report covers UAP reports from May 1, 2023, to June 1, 2024, as well as any UAP report from previous time periods that were not included in an earlier report. AARO received 757 UAP reports during this period; 485 of these reports featured UAP incidents that occurred during the reporting period. The remaining 272 reports featured UAP incidents that occurred between 2021 and 2022 but were not reported to AARO until this reporting period and consequently were not included in previous annual UAP reports. This brought the total cases that AARO has been reviewing to over 1,600 as of June 1, 2024.
Experts say the US government is hiding UFOs – so where are all the aliens?
Experts say the US government is hiding UFOs – so where are all the aliens?
‘Let me be clear: UAPs are real,’ says one whistleblower. Others claim the government is engaged in a shady cover-up, which Donald Trump is expected to unravel
The reelection ofDonald Trump means a lot of things for America and beyond, most ofthembad. Some space fans have dared to dream, however, about a sci-fi silver lining. Could this be the presidential term, they ask, where the existence of extraterrestrial aliens is finally confirmed, once and for all?
On Wednesday (November 13) a hearing with members of US congress, titled Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena: Exposing the Truth, seemed to support this possibility. Following 2023’s landmark hearing with whistleblower David Grusch, politicians heard from four experts in the field of UFOs or UAPs (unidentified aerial phenomena) including a US Navy officer, a former Department of Defence official, a member of NASA’s UAP Independent Study Team, and a journalist. Between them, they made some pretty wild claims about their experiences with UAPs, including anecdotes about flying discs and white orbs emerging from the ocean.
In a written testimony, US Navy rear admiral Tim Gallaudet claimed that he’s known about UAPs for years, saying: “Confirmation that UAPs are interacting with humanity came for me in January 2015.” Specifically, he related a training exercise that was disrupted by an “unidentified object exhibiting flight and structural characteristics unlike anything in our arsenal”. He also alleged that information on UAPs “is not only being withheld from senior officials and members of Congress, but elements of the government are engaging in a disinformation campaign”, including personal attacks “designed to discredit UAP whistleblowers”.
Luis Elizondo, a former counterintelligence officer (make of that what you will), was even more explicit. “Let me be clear: UAP are real,” he wrote. “Advanced technologies not made by our government – or any other government – are monitoring sensitive military installations around the globe.” On top of that, he adds, the US and some of its adversaries are “in possession of UAP technologies” retrieved from alleged crash sites.
Other speakers stressed the need for transparency about UAPs, in the name of scientific dialogue and national security. “I think probably the vast majority of UAP are drones, experimental aircraft, weather conditions,” said Michael Gold, a former NASA administrator and current member of its UAP study team. “But there is a percentage that isn’t.”
Elizondo also took shots at the lack of government transparency, telling representatives: “Excessive secrecy has led to grave misdeeds against loyal civil servants, military personnel and the public – all to hide the fact that we are not alone in the cosmos.”
What does Trump have to do with this? Well, the president-elect himself has nodded to the existence of the US government’s secret UFO (or UAP) programmes a few times over the years, most recently in his appearance on Joe Rogan’s podcast in the run-up to the 2024 election, where he referred to conversations with jet pilots who’d seen “very strange” things in the sky. Tim Burchett, a Republican congressman and serial Trump defender, is also optimistic that Trump wants to move toward “total disclosure” during his upcoming time in office, telling News Nation last weekend: “I think we’re gonna learn some things. It’s peeling back the layers of an onion.”
When it comes to UAPs, of course, there’s plenty of conspiracies to go around on both sides of the aisle. While some believe that the government is covering up what they know about extraterrestrial technologies, others have suggested that the whistleblowers themselves are a psy-op, designed to draw attention away from other – more Earthly – conspiracies. Plus, as Mirage Men author Mark Pilkington told Dazed last year: “Amplifying concerns about unknown, possibly unfriendly objects flying over US skies is of great benefit to the defence industry.”
In 1950, the physicist Enrico Fermi was chatting about UFO reports and faster-than-light travel with his fellow scientists, and eventually cried out: “But where is everyone?” This became known as the Fermi Paradox, summing up the frustrating contradiction between the possibility of life in the universe, and the fact we haven’t detected any yet. The same could be said about the US government’s UAP records themselves. While senior officials and even sitting presidents – from Trump to Barack Obama – have made a lot of noise about the secret presence of UAPs, suggesting at least a grain of truth at the conspiracy’s core, we simply haven’t seen any evidence yet.
And if it is a massive cover-up, it’s not just detrimental to science and national security. It’s much more interesting to think that the universe is populated with other intelligent life forms. Why should the US government get to ruin all our fun? Release the files! We want to believe!
VIDEOS
Ancient Aliens: UFO Secrets Hidden by the Government?! (Special)
6 UFO GOVERNMENT COVER-UPS | The Proof Is Out There
UFO whistleblower tells Congress the US government is hiding evidence of 'non-human intelligence'
Stunning footage of two mysterious humps prowling through the shallows of Loch Ness 'could not be anything but the monster'.
That's the verdict of Nessie hunter Eoin O'Faodhagain, who was watching the loch via webcam when he spotted something strange in the water.
Measuring an estimated 25ft in length – bigger than four average men laid end to end – the 'whopper of a beast' is too big to be any of the loch's normal residents.
Eoin said: 'Two sections of this creature can be visibly seen rising out of the water as it moves at a steady pace – a large front hump, and a larger second hump behind.
'Both humps are black to dark grey in colour, but visually striking in the environment.
'I was ecstatic and captivated by this large, fast-moving, unidentified animal out in the deep water of the loch.
'My only instinct was that this could not be anything other than the Loch Ness Monster.'
Mr O'Faodhagain, from County Donegal, Ireland, said the sighting was 'one for the record books'.
Stunning footage of two mysterious humps prowling through the shallows of Loch Ness 'could not be anything but the monster'
Eoin O'Faodhagain was watching the loch via webcam when he spotted something strange in the water
He continued: 'The creature is no less than 25 feet long.
'It rises about three feet out of the water.
'There are no known creatures in Loch Ness that have dimensions like this one.
'The largest of the known creatures are seals, which can reach up to eight feet long, but this whopper of a beast outreaches any seal.'
The footage, taken on October 25, was captured using a webcam at the Clansman Hotel maintained by Visit Inverness Loch Ness (VILN).
It's a spot about four miles from the loch's northern shore.
Eoin, a veteran Nessie hunter, also spotted something in the water there in July – but he says this latest sighting is in a league of its own.
The 60-year-old said: 'As far as Nessie sightings go, you could not get any better unless the creature came out of the water and posed outside the Clansman.
The footage, taken on October 25, was captured using a webcam at the Clansman Hotel maintained by Visit Inverness Loch Ness (VILN)
'If this was 1933 and you captured this sighting on black and white camera film, it would be a classic sighting by now.'
The news comes shortly after skipper Shaun Slogg and maritime pilot Liam McKenzie, 29, stumbled upon a strange shape while doing their usual rounds at Cruise Loch Ness.
On September 22, 2024, while preparing for another vessel's arrival, Sloggie's sonar flashed up.
The sonar indicated that a large object was lurking at a depth of around 98-metres.
He described it as 'the biggest thing I've ever seen.'
With its elongated shape and distinct features hinting at air pockets, the team couldn't help but wonder if the sonar reading was tied to the infamous Loch Ness Monster.
'The strangeness of it was chilling – it's the sort of thing that leaves you speechless,' Slogg said.
Rumours of a strange creature living in the waters of Loch Ness have abounded over the decades, yet scant evidence has been found to back up these claims.
One of the first sightings, believed to have fuelled modern Nessie fever, came in May 2, 1933.
On this date the Inverness Courier carried a story about a local couple who claim to have seen 'an enormous animal rolling and plunging on the surface'.
Another famous claimed sighting is a photograph taken in 1934 by Colonel Robert Kenneth Wilson.
It was later exposed as a hoax by one of the participants, Chris Spurling, who, on his deathbed, revealed that the pictures were staged.
Other sightings James Gray's picture from 2001 when he and friend Peter Levings were out fishing on the Loch, while namesake Hugh Gray's blurred photo of what appears to be a large sea creature was published in the Daily Express in 1933.
Robert Kenneth Wilson, a London physician, captured arguably the most famous image of the Loch Ness Monster. The surgeon’s photograph was published in the Daily Mail on April 21, 1934 - however it was later proven to be a fake
The first reported sighting of the monster is said to have been made in AD565 by the Irish missionary St Columba when he came across a giant beast in the River Ness.
But no one has ever come up with a satisfactory explanation for the sightings - although in 2019, 'Nessie expert' Steve Feltham, who has spent 24 years watching the Loch, said he thought it was actually a giant Wels Catfish, native to waters near the Baltic and Caspian seas in Europe.
An online register lists more than 1,000 total Nessie sightings, created by Mr Campbell, the man behind the Official Loch Ness Monster Fan Club and is available at www.lochnesssightings.com.
So what could explain these mysterious sightings?
Many Nessie witnesses have mentioned large, crocodile-like scutes sitting atop the spine of the creature, leading some to believe an escaped amphibian may be to blame.
Native fish sturgeons can also weigh several hundred pounds and have ridged backs, which make them look almost reptilian.
Some believe Nessie is a long-necked plesiosaur - like an elasmosaur - that survived somehow when all the other dinosaurs were wiped out.
Others say the sightings are down to Scottish pines dying and flopping into the loch, before quickly becoming water-logged and sinking.
While submerged, botanical chemicals start trapping tiny bubbles of air.
Eventually, enough of these are gathered to propel the log upward as deep pressures begin altering its shape, giving the appearance of an animal coming up for air.
Inside the search for the mythical Loch Ness Monster
Researchers have calculated the chance of intelligent life existing in our universe right now and in the future.
They've developed a new 'formula for life' model they claim is the most comprehensive of its kind.
But the majority of people will likely be disappointed.
That's because the new calculation put the chances of life in universes beyond our galaxy at 27 percent - much lower than the 65 percent of American adults who think there is extraterrestrial life on other planets.
The likelihood that intelligent life exists within our own galaxy is slightly lower, hovering at just 23 percent, researchers at the University of Edinburgh and the University of Genevieve in Switzerland reported.
The research suggested that the star formations and evolution of large-scale planets could quietly combine to 'form the next generation of intelligent life.'
To uncover the mysteries of other lifeforms, the team created a theoretical model based on the Drake Equation that was developed in 1960.
Researchers found there is a 23 percent chance that alien civilizations have formed in the Milky Way, while there is a 27 percent chance of them forming in other universe's
The team said they did not use their calculations to determine the number of intelligent lifeforms, but instead estimated the likelihood that they exist.
These clusters can join together to form stars and planets that could host alien life if they remain stable for billions of years.
The research suggested that the star formations and evolution of large-scale planets could quietly combine to 'form the next generation of intelligent life.'
Lead researcher Dr Daniele Sorini, of Durham University's Institute for Computational Cosmology, said: 'Understanding dark energy and the impact on our Universe is one of the biggest challenges in cosmology and fundamental physics.
THE REVISED DRAKE EQUATION
The Drake Equation is a seven-variable way of finding the chance of active civilizations existing beyond Earth.
It takes into account factors like the rate of star formation, the amount of stars that could form planetary systems, the number potentially habitable planets in those systems.
But it's now 60 years old, and doesn't include new information from astronomers on the likelihood of life existing on newly-discovered planets.
Their new equation includes recent data from Nasa's Kepler satellite on the number of exoplanets that could harbour life.
Researchers also adapted the equation from being about the number of civilizations that exist now, to being about the probability of civilization being the only one that has ever existed.
A 2016 study showed the odds of an advanced civilization developing needs to be less than one in 10 billion trillion for humans to be the only intelligent life in the universe.
'The parameters that govern our Universe, including the density of dark energy, could explain our own existence.'
The study, published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, also took into account that alien lifeforms that don't currently exist could develop in the future, although it did not state how long that could take.
The researchers estimated the probability by calculating the amount of ordinary matter that combined to form stars across the history of the universe, dating back 13.8 billion years.
They then separated each star cluster by the amount of dark energy density that contributed to their formation.
The model predicted that the probability of intelligent life developing in universe's outside our own hovers at 27 percent.
'Surprisingly, we found that even a significantly higher dark energy density would still be compatible with life, suggesting we may not live in the most likely of universes,' Dr Sorini said.
Currently, researchers can't conclusively explain what dark energy is or how much exists in the universe, Dr Sorini told NBC6 News.
Professor Lucas Lombriser, at the University of Genevieve and co-author of the study, added: 'It will be exciting to employ the model to explore the emergence of life across different universes and see whether some fundamental questions we ask ourselves about our own universe must be reinterpreted.'
Dr Sorini added: 'I cannot give you a number or a percentage chance of finding intelligent life at this stage as the model is just one step in the process.
The formation of civilizations could be caused by dark matter which forces the universe to grow and create star clusters that combine to create other planets that could harbor life
'We should be able to give a more accurate figure in the future. We are not restricting on when life could emerge past, present or future,' she continued.
'It could be that many lifeforms could emerge much later in the life of the universe.'
The team's findings are in contrast to past research that claimed the likelihood of other advanced technological civilizations existing was 'astonishingly low.'
In 2016, researchers at the University of Rochester in New York also used the Drake Equation to ask if humans on Earth are the only technological species that has ever existed.
They reported that the odds of a civilization developing into a habitable planet is less than one in 10 billion trillion.
Yet, even by those statistics, Adam Frank, professor of physics and astronomy at the University of Rochester and co-author of the 2016 study said: 'One chance in a trillion, implies that what has happened here on Earth with humanity has in fact happened about a 10 billion other times over cosmic history.'
Humans Will Meet ALIENS Within a FEW YEARS! Former NASA Scientist Reveals
'Non-human biologics' recovered by US government, says UFO whistleblower David Grusch
Congress is set to hear testimony from four sworn witnesses on America's weird and troubling UFO problem starting at 11:30am Eastern Time, Wednesday morning — and DailyMail.com is on the ground with live updates from inside the US House of Representatives.
The House Committee On Oversight and Accountability has given Wednesday's open hearings the slightly over-egged, cable TV-ready title 'Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena: Exposing the Truth.'
This live blog has now closed: But are we closer to knowing the truth?
This is a hard event to distill into one takeaway, but it's worth noting the diversity of professional backgrounds and government experience on display among House Oversight's panel of witnesses this Wednesday:
A NASA legal and policy specialist, who now works in the private aerospace sector, and who once worked for UFO-obsessed billionaire Robert Bigelow (Mike Gold) testified to the seriousness and reality of UFOs as an unsolved mystery worthy of large-scale scientific investigation.
A retired senior Naval officer with experience as the Navy's chief meteorologist and oceanographer (Rear Admiral Gallaudet) spoke to firsthand experience under oath with fairly extreme government stonewalling, deception campaigns and disappearing secured emails comms — all on the issue of UFOs.
A journalist, public intellectual and 2018 California gubernatorial candidate (Michael Shellenberger), revealed an alarming 11-page briefing on a UFO program that, if real, undermines American democracy's essential 'checks and balances.' (And, if frabricated, its tale of 'Immaculate Constellation' is no less alarming for what it says about how our government and press currently work.)
And, lastly, a decorated, former senior counterintelligence official (Luis Elizondo) who managed to not only spur the publication of three infrared Navy UFO videos, but ultimately compelled the Pentagon to admit that those videos depicted geniune unknowns. He's now come forward to say, like his one-time business partner, Blink 182's Tom DeLonge, that 'Aliens Exist.'
This is a quartet of people with some overlapping connections, but mostly very long histories navigating entirely different bureaucracies with entirely different skillsets.
It's hard to imagine four people this different passionately agreeing on something as controversial and career-jeopardizing as a massive, government cover-up on UFOs — and yet they do.
23:19
Rear Admiral discusses unusual case of UFO caught on sensitive satellite imagery: 'the Button'
As promised in his prewritten testimony, retired Rear Admiral Tim Gallaudet promised to offer more specifics in closed, classified sessions about one unusual UFO case from 2017, caught on top secret satellite hardware.
'The term that the analysts used, they called it "the button." It was a disc-shaped object,' Rear Adm. Gallaudet told the committee.
He told Rep Mace that he could not openly say where this sighting occured in an unclassified setting.
21:46
There was massive attendance by public citizens - all eager to see House Oversight's UFO hearing live
There was one anomalous phenomena in Congress that more than a few reporters clocked as it overtook today's House Oversight hearing: rabid public interest.
One civilian visitor to the Capitol building, who hoped to attend the UFO hearing, told DailyMail.com that he'd heard some people were preparing to start loitering outside as early as 4:30am in the hopes of getting one of the coveted 'first come, first serve' seats inside the hearing room.
The line filled at least one entire hallyway of the Rayburn House Office Building, where Wednesday's UFO testimony was sworn to.
'I've covered probaly hundreds of congressional hearings,' as NewsNation Joe Khalil Washington Correspondent put it. 'This doesn't happen.'
21:09
House Oversight releases eleven-page copy of government report on once 'above top secret' UFO program 'Immaculate Constellation'
The entire report on 'Immaculate Constellation' — the allegedly illegal 'Unacknowledged Special Access Program' (USAP) about UFOs that was leaked to journalist Michael Shellenberger — has now been posted online.
The reporter told his followers on X that the hearing's co-lead, Rep Nancy Mace, was responsible for the decision to release this eleven-page document [PDF].
Based on Shellenberger's report on the program for Public, the document was produced by an anonymous source in the US national security sector who had originally prepared the document to brief 'authorized Committees of Congress and their staff.'
The briefing document is unsparing in its depiction of this UFO data collection effort, which is said to have begun in 2017, as being hidden from proper congressional oversight.
'This criminal conspiracy keeps the elected government of the United States and its citizens ignorant to profound discoveries and dire threats,' the report reads, 'originating from the exisence of UAP, NHI, and their technologies.'
'The existence of IMMACULATE CONSTELLATION demonstrates the extant capability to detect, quarantine, and transfer UAP and ARV [Alien Reproduction Vehicle] collection incidents before they are observed and circulated within the Military Intelligence Enterprise,' the report asserts ominously.
20:14
The House Oversight hearing on UFOs is over - spilling out into the halls of Congress
Citizen-scientists, non-profit advocates on the topic of UFOs, and various well-known names in the world of UFO journalism are all keeping the questioning going outside the House Oversight hearing room.
None of what's going on is under oath anymore, but many of the event's spectators and attendees don't appear to be done inquiring about the topic.
UFO documentary filmmaker James Fox, New York Times freelancer investigative reporter Leslie Kean (who helped first bring Lue Elizondo to public reknown), and the man who brought the 'Jellyfish UFO' to the public, Jeremy Corbell, were all observing the hearing, in the room, in person.
Government Cybersecurity and Innovation Chairwoman Nancy Mace (R-S.C.) took a philosophical or metaphysical direction in her final question: 'How would you define non-human intelligence, non-human biologics? What are we actually talking about.'
Gold was the last to provide his answer, to which he asserted that we must re-examine the idea with modest assumptions, but noted that an advanced visiting intelligence may not actually be biological.
When pressed about what 'non-biological intelligence' means,' Gold replied: 'Artificial intelligence, ML, machines.'
'We assume all intelligence would be like us, but when we look out into the universe we are humbled to what we don't know in terms of the form of intelligence.'
'I can't answer your question, but the ultimate answer will surprise us all.'
19:57
Congresswoman Lauren Boebert endorses 'Flat Earth' theory in unusual, self-deprecating grandstanding commentary
Colorado Rep Lauren Boebert — to some degree best known now for her attendence of 'Beetlejuice: The Musical' — spent her time with the witnesses in an extended, apparently satirical bit about her own reputation for conspiracy theories.
'Now that we have all been cautioned in this committee hearing that the mention of the Pentagon's "Immaculate Constellation" program could put us on a list, well I already find myself on many lists I am sure,' the congresswoman began.
'So, I speak my mind often. So why not now just keep going with it,' she said.
'I may just go all out and say it, "The Earth is flat. The birds are government drones. We never stepped on the moon and Joe Biden received 80 million votes in the 2020 presidential election,"' Rep Boebert told the assembled committee, witnesses and public viewers. 'Lets see how many lists we can get on today.'
19:41
Hearing co-lead grills witness on UFO crash retrievals and who has the craft now
South Carolina congresswoman Nancy Mace has just spent the past several minutes peppering Elizondo with a volley of questions in an effort to induce him to mention the name of the defense contractor who has long held crashed UFO material.
Rep Mace, who is co-leading this hearing, as chair of House Oversight's National Security Subcommittee, then pivoted to asking Elizondo generic questions about defense contractor Lockheed Martin.
Elizondo said he'd rather let Lockheed — whose 'Skunkworks' designed several of America's most sensitive stealth aircraft since the Cold War —speak for themselves.
19:32
Former NASA advisor raises national security concerns
Florida Rep Anna Luna — who has been very active on the UFO issues with fellow committee member Tennessee Rep. Tim Burchett — raised a question to the witnesses about the sophistication of UAP technology.
'It seems that some aircraft are operating off of energy we don't have. If we did obtain it, would it impact humanity for the better or negative?' she asked.
Gold jokingly responded: 'It would certainly save us [i.e. NASA] some money on funding an Artemis,' referring to America's current race to return astronauts to the moon.
However, he put on a serious face to explain how such technology poses threats to America's national security.
'If there is such technology out there we may not be the only country that has access to it. We don't want to be on the wrong end of technological surprise,' he said.
(Mike Gold, at right, testifying during the during the hearing by the House Oversight)
19:27
Was there a failed, secret effort to change ownership of a crashed UFO?
Missouri Congressman Eric Burlison is pressing Luis Elizondo, effectively, on his recent comments on the late night paranormal radio show Coast-to-Coast AM.
When not under oath, Elizondo discussed failed efforts by defense contractor Lockheed Martin to 'divest' itself of a crashed UFO that it had struggled to reverse engineer for decades.
Under oath, Elizondo has been more reticent to name the company specifically, noting again the strictures of what was approved for release by Defense Office of Prepublication and Security Review (DOPSR) for his new memoir, 'Imminent: Inside the Pentagon's Hunt for UFOs.'
Rep Burlinson appears to be a fan of sometime DailyMail.com contributor Chris Sharp, referencing his reporting on this failed effort to move the alleged UFO crash parts to Budget Suites billionaire Robert Bigelow's Bigelow Aerospace.
This unsuccessful effort — made public by the Pentagon's AARO in the office's historic UFO report last March — was code named 'Kona Blue.'
(Elizondo, center, during his testimony on Wednesday)
19:16
Who's among the House Oversight UFO witnesses' invited guests?
Rear Adm Gallaudet told the committee that he invited, as one of his personal guests to the hearing, former Navy F-18 fighter pilot Lieutenant Ryan Graves.
Gallaudet is an advisor to Lt. Graves' nonprofit Americans for Safe Aerospace — which is focused on destigmatizing the UFO issue so that pilots can report these potentially fatal airborne anomalies and incursions without fear of career reprisals.
Another witness before the panel today, Mike Gold, is also an advisor to this 501(c)3 nonprofit.
Some pointed questions by the committee allowed Gold to tout one workable and economical solution to the current problem: 'NASA’s Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS), which NASA administers for the FAA.'
'This system is a confidential, voluntary, non-punitive reporting system that receives safety reports from pilots, air traffic controllers, dispatchers, cabin crew, ground operators, maintenance technicians, and UAS operators that provides a unique data source for emerging UAS safety issues,' according to the NASA's advisory panel on UFOs from last year, which Gold co-authored.
UFO hearing on possibilities and benefits of UAP technology
19:05
UFOs appeared to 'stalk' pilots, according to Elizondo
Responding to a question from Florida Rep Anna Paulina Luna, Luis Elizondo told the committee that UAP seem intelligently piloted.
He cited a secure digital communication where a pilot described the UFO as having seemingly 'stalked' their aircraft.
Elizondo also discussed multiple cases where these UFOs 'seem to anticipate our manuevers.'
18:55
Louisiana congressman presses reporter for details on anonymous author of 'Immaculate Constellation' report
Louisiana Congressman Clay Higgins has been pressing Michael Shellenberger on any details he can provide on his anonymous source: the author of this report on 'Immaculate Constellation.'
'The person is a current or former US government employee,' Shellenberger said cautiously.
When pressed to get into more details, he declined.
Then, when asked by Rep Higgins if he 'can't say or won't say,' Shellenberger replied 'I won't say because I protect my sources.'
18:48
Thousands of UAP videos and photos held by Immaculate Constellation
Michael Shellenberger was asked about the mysterious 'Immaculate Constellation' - a secretive UFO data retrieval program has been hidden from Congressional oversight since 2017, he has claimed.
'It's mission is to document UAPs,' Shellenberger said under oath.
Shellenberger said his sources consist of former and current government officials, while refraining from revealing their position or gender.
He claimed that this projected has captured thousands of 'high-resolution imagery' of UAPs.
'The American people need to know that the US military is sitting on a huge amount of visual and other information, still photos, video photos or sensor information, and have for a very long time,' said Shellenberger.
'It's not those fuzzy photos and videos, we've been given those very clear high-resolution.'
18:47
UFO whistleblower tells Congress the US has crashed alien ships and is using them to make military technology - in bombshell hearing
Elizondo has said that the United States government is 'in possession of UAP technologies, as are some of our adversaries.'
Luis Elizondo also just said under oath, that he managed a highly classified SAP for the White House under the National Security Council, as his last job before quitting the Pentagon in 2017 ahead of his now well-known public whistleblowing.
This is a fairly major, verifiable new piece of information to say under oath — and it will surely be fodder for those who have worked to poke holes in Elizondo's past public comments.
Congress is set to hear testimony from four sworn witnesses on America's weird and troublingUFO problem starting at 11:30am Eastern Time, Wednesday morning — and DailyMail.com is on the ground with live updates from inside the US House of Representatives.
The House Committee On Oversight and Accountability has given Wednesday's open hearings the slightly over-egged, cable TV-ready title 'Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena: Exposing the Truth.'
This live blog has now closed: But are we closer to knowing the truth?
This is a hard event to distill into one takeaway, but it's worth noting the diversity of professional backgrounds and government experience on display among House Oversight's panel of witnesses this Wednesday:
A NASA legal and policy specialist, who now works in the private aerospace sector, and who once worked for UFO-obsessed billionaire Robert Bigelow (Mike Gold) testified to the seriousness and reality of UFOs as an unsolved mystery worthy of large-scale scientific investigation.
A retired senior Naval officer with experience as the Navy's chief meteorologist and oceanographer (Rear Admiral Gallaudet) spoke to firsthand experience under oath with fairly extreme government stonewalling, deception campaigns and disappearing secured emails comms — all on the issue of UFOs.
A journalist, public intellectual and 2018 California gubernatorial candidate (Michael Shellenberger), revealed an alarming 11-page briefing on a UFO program that, if real, undermines American democracy's essential 'checks and balances.' (And, if frabricated, its tale of 'Immaculate Constellation' is no less alarming for what it says about how our government and press currently work.)
And, lastly, a decorated, former senior counterintelligence official (Luis Elizondo) who managed to not only spur the publication of three infrared Navy UFO videos, but ultimately compelled the Pentagon to admit that those videos depicted geniune unknowns. He's now come forward to say, like his one-time business partner, Blink 182's Tom DeLonge, that 'Aliens Exist.'
This is a quartet of people with some overlapping connections, but mostly very long histories navigating entirely different bureaucracies with entirely different skillsets.
It's hard to imagine four people this different passionately agreeing on something as controversial and career-jeopardizing as a massive, government cover-up on UFOs — and yet they do.
18:39
Representative Jared Moskowitz plays 'devil's advocate' in direct questions to Elizondo and Gold
Giving voice to skeptics (and those who are generally allergic to this topic), Florida congressman Jared Moskowitz pressed ex-NASA UAP IST member Mike Gold on why the US space agency should be devoting resources to probing this topic at all.
Gold's answer hewed close to his prepared statement's conclusion: 'Science is driven by anomalies. Anomalies are the foundation upon which scientific breakthroughs are built.'
Gold's statement added: 'The Theory of General Relativity, Quantum Mechanics, virtually all of our scientific progress has been based on discovering and studying anomalies.'
Rep. Moskowitz is now pressing Elizondo on the paperwork he was compelled or maybe encouraged to sign in a Secured Compartmented Information Facility (SCIF) any agreements that restrict him from speaking about certain Special Access Programs (SAPs) — like the key projects involving UFOs, crashes and reverse engineering.
It's quite shocking. He's asked Elizondo if he was allowed to let a lawyer review this paperwork before signing.
Elizondo's response appears to indicate that this process is not especially open, without being overtly coercive.
Elizondo pressed on paperwork that restricts discussing 'UFO' projects
18:29
Former NASA advisor says stigma about UAPs hinders science
Mike Gold championed for an end of stigma surrounding UAPs within the American space agency due to its popularity and trust among the public.
'NASA personnel stepping forward and participating in such discussions would make a powerful statement to the scientific community that UAPs should be taken seriously and researched accordingly,' said Gold.
Gold was part of the agency's UAP independent study group in October 2022, which focused solely on unclassified data.
Over nine months, NASA's UAP IST promised to lay the groundwork for future studies on the nature of UAPs for scientific and other organizations.
Michael Shellenberger has brought his anonymous whistleblower's classified report on the secret 'Immaculate Constellation' UFO program with him
I think many who read Shellenberger's investigative report on 'Immaculate Constellation' — or who heard him speak about it on Joe Rogan — might have assumed he was shown this classified congressional briefing at the heart of his story, but not allowed to hold on to a copy.
Apparently, there's no need to speculate on that now: Shellenberger's oral presentation of his pre-written testimony has now included the journalist and academic waving before the committee a copy of that report and a promise to share it with House Oversight.
Like a lot of what happens within Capitol Hill hearing rooms, there's a bit of theatrics to this, but nevertheless it was done under oath and carries weight.
18:19
Pentagon chief proposes three actions for transparency
Luis Elizondo proposed three actions from Congress while speaking under oath. He urged Congress and the President to create a single-point-of contact for military members to report UAP issues.
The next was that the US create a national UAP strategy that promotes transparency and aims to restore American's trust 'at a time when the public's trust is at an all-time low.'
Finally, Elizondo urged Congress to create a protected environment for whistleblowers, allowing them to feel safe and protected when coming forward with information.
18:14
Former Pentagon UFO hunter Luis Elizondo describes a covert 'arms race' to master UFO technology
Certainly, once the prepared opening testimonies have been fully uttered into the record — lawmakers are going to want to ask Elizondo about his claim that there is a secret Cold War to recover and reverse engineer crashed flying saucers.
'I believe we are in the midst of a multi-decade, secretive arms race,' Elizondo said in his opening statement, 'one funded by misallocated taxpayer dollars and hidden from our elected representatives and oversight bodies.'
Perhaps Elizondo's use of the phrase 'I believe' may soften the explosiveness of this claim, but it will be fascinating to hear what details that Elizondo might be willing to offer on this when asked by the committee.
18:02
Pentagon's former UFO boss, Dr Sean Kirkpatrick defends his record - and accuses Navy witness of being 'conspiracist'
Fresh controversy has already arrived before a word has been spoken at the hearing.
Dr Sean Kirkpatrick, former director of the Pentagon's current UFO investigations at the new All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO), has accused the committee's first witness of being a 'still bitter' prospective hire.
Responding to Rear Admiral Tim Gallaudet's prewritten testimony, Dr Kirkpatrick accused the retired government official of harboring 'predisposed tendencies for conspiracies without evidence' which made him 'unsuitable for a job' at AARO that 'required objectivity and evidence-based reason.'
Rear Adm. Gallaudet's testimony accused AARO of targeting him for 'an hours-long influence operation' which attempted to convince him of 'the validity of [AARO's] severely flawed historical records report' as part of a 'disinformation' effort.
Further errors and omissions in AARO's short, unclassified report were documented by The Debrief and former Department of Defense official Christopher Mellon.
As Elizondo put it in his written testimony today: 'Most Americans would be shocked to learn that the Pentagon’s very own Public Affairs Office openly employs a professional psychological operations officer [Susan Gough] as the singular point of contact for any UAP-related inquiries from citizens and the media.'
(Dr Kirkpatrick, at right below, during a past public speaking event, accompanied by Pentagon spokesperson Susan Gough, at left.)
17:52
Who's set to speak at House Oversight's UFO hearing Wednesday?
Four witnesses are slated to testify today starting with PhD oceanographer and retired US Navy Rear Admiral Tim Gallaudet.
Rear Adm Gallaudet has become a vocal champion of military witnesses to so-called USOs (Underwater Submerged Objects) since at least 2021.
Next up will be ex-Pentagon counterintelligence official Luis Elizondo, whose work getting the now infamous Navy UFO videos to the New York Times in 2017 launched our modern era of public obsession with these weird phenomena.
Michael Gold, a lawyer and former NASA associate administrator, will speak third, mostly about the need for engaged and transparent scientific investigation into these unexplained events.
Mars has been a fascination to us for centuries. Early observations falsely gave impressions of an intelligent civilisation but early visiting probes revealed a stark, desolate world. Underneath the surface is a few metres of water ice and a recent study by NASA suggests sunlight could reach the layer. If it does, it may allow photosynthesis in the meltwater. On Earth this actually happened and biologists have found similar pools teeming with life.
The exploration of Mars by space probes began in the 1960’s. It began with the Soviet Union Mars 1 and NASA’s Mariner mission and was soon followed by the well known Viking landers in 1976. They were the first missions to test surface material for signs of life. The Mars Pathfinder mission took along the Sojourner rover and was followed by Spirit and Opportunity rovers after the turn of the century. Curiosity rover was among the latest of the visitors along with Perseverance and China’s Tianwen-1. The focus of later missions has been the hunt for water and analysis of the climate and geology of the planet. This was not only to understand the conditions as the planet evolved but to pave the way for human exploration.
To date, there has been no evidence of life on Mars. The question has intrigued us for decades though. Of all the planets in the Solar System, Mars is the most likely place to have once harboured primitive life, chiefly due to the discovery of liquid water in the distant past. Evidence of ancient dried river beds has been found across the planet with mineral deposits indicating that Mars was once warmer, wetter and potentially far more habitable. Even organic molecules have been discovered by the Curiosity and Perseverance rovers but researchers continue to hunt for evidence (past or present) of microbial life.
A team of researchers from NASA have published a paper articulating their use of computer modelling to help the search. They have shown that sunlight can shine through the Martian water ice, perhaps even enough for photosynthesis to occur in shallow pools of meltwater.
There are two types of ice on Mars, frozen water and frozen carbon dioxide. The study explored water ice which had mostly formed as snow had fallen on the surface during a Martian ice age millions of years ago. The team believe that the key to the study are the dust particles that obscure light reaching the deeper layers of ice. They suggest that sunlight will warm the dark dust more than surrounding ice and then cause ice to warm and melt. Some scientists believe that ice at the surface cannot melt due to the thin dry atmosphere causing it to turn straight to a gas. This won’t apply to the ice deeper in the surface layer.
Such a process has been observed on Earth where dust heats ice, melts and allows the dust to sink. Over time, the dust particles will stop sinking through the ice but still generate enough heat to melt the ice and create tiny voids. It is here that thriving ecosystems have been found hosting simple forms of life.
These holes, captured on Alaska’s Matanuska Glacier in 2012, are formed by cryoconite — dust particles that melt into the ice over time, eventually forming small pockets of water below the glacier’s surface. Scientists believe similar pockets of water could form within dusty water ice on Mars.
Credit: Kimberly Casey CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
The paper published in Nature Communications Earth & Environment, suggests the dusty ice can produce enough light at depths up to 3 metres to allow photosynthesis to occur. The subsurface pools of meltwater are protected from evaporating by the ice above. It also provides some protection from radiation too providing a possibly habitable environment for simple forms of life. The authors suggest the areas would likely form in the Martian tropics between 30 and 60 degrees latitude in both hemispheres.
Filmmakers love New Zealand. Its landscapes evoke other worlds, which explains why so much of The Lord of the Rings was filmed there. The country has everything from long, subtropical sandy beaches to active volcanoes.
The country’s otherworldliness extends into its atmosphere, where a cloud nicknamed the “Taieri Pet” forms when conditions are right.
The Taieri Pet is a lenticular cloud, a stationary type of cloud that forms in certain circumstances. They form in the troposphere when the wind blows over an obstacle, typically a mountain range. There are three types: altocumulus standing lenticular (ACSL), stratocumulus standing lenticular (SCSL), and cirrocumulus standing lenticular (CCSL). Each type forms at a different altitude.
When the wind is forced to move up and over an obstacle, it creates a lower-pressure zone on the leeward side. As the wind moves, it creates standing waves. If conditions are right, these waves become visible when the moisture condenses.
The Taieri Pet forms over New Zealand’s Rock and Pillar Range in the Strath-Taieri region of Otago on New Zealand’s South Island.
The Otago region on New Zealand’s South Island is home to the Taieri Pet.
The cloud is a common feature near the town of Middlemarch. It’s mentioned in newspapers as far back as the 1890s. Locals sometimes took Taieri Pet’s appearance as a signal that a storm was coming.
The Operational Land Image (OLI) on Landsat 8 captured this stunning image of the Taieri Pet in September. Landsat 8 follows a polar orbit that allows it to observe the entire surface of the Earth every 16 days.
The Landsat satellites have been monitoring Earth for over 50 years from their orbit 705 km above us. The images and data are widely used by scientists, but they’re also beautiful portraits of our extraordinary, once-in-a-solar-system planet.
Anybody can enjoy the Landsat galleries, foundhere.
Experts testify before lawmakers that the U.S. is running secret UAP programs
Experts testify before lawmakers that the U.S. is running secret UAP programs
By Bill Chappell
Journalist Michael Shellenberger, founder of the Public news outlet, displays redacted reports during a hearing on Capitol Hill Wednesday as he stresses the need for more transparency over UAP investigations.
House Oversight Committee/Screenshot by NPR
Is intelligent alien life darting around in space — and even in the skies above us here on Earth? Has the U.S. government been covering up unexplained phenomena, and using secret extraterrestrial discoveries to boost its own technology?
Those are among the questions members of Congress discussed Wednesday in a joint hearing by subcommittees of the House Oversight Committee. Its title: "Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena: Exposing the Truth."
Extraordinary moments unfolded in a similar hearing last year, most notably when retired Maj. David Grusch, formerly part of the Pentagon's UAP Task Force, alleged that the U.S. government has recovered nonhuman "biologics" from crash sites and has long operated a secret reverse-engineering program to glean advances from recovered vessels.
Grusch isn't among the witnesses for the 2024 hearing.Four experts testified in Wednesday's public hearing. You canwatch the proceeding here.
Instead, those testifying include:
Tim Gallaudet, retired rear admiral, U.S. Navy; CEO of Ocean STL Consulting, LLC
"Confirmation that UAPs are interacting with humanity came for me in January 2015," Gallaudet said in his written testimony.
He describes being part of a pre-deployment naval exercise off the U.S. East Coast that culminated in the famous "Go Fast" video, in which a Navy F/A-18 jet's sensors recorded "an unidentified object exhibiting flight and structural characteristics unlike anything in our arsenal."
He was among a group of commanders involved in the exercise who received an email containing the video, which was sent by the operations officer of Fleet Forces Command, Gallaudet said.
"The very next day, the email disappeared from my account and those of the other recipients without explanation," he said.
Luis Elizondo, author and former Department of Defense official
Elizondo's written testimony was brief and alleged that a secretive arms race is playing out on the global stage.
"Let me be clear: UAP are real," he wrote. "Advanced technologies not made by our Government — or any other government — are monitoring sensitive military installations around the globe. Furthermore, the U.S. is in possession of UAP technologies, as are some of our adversaries."
Elizondo is a former intelligence officer who later "managed a highly sensitive Special Access Program on behalf of the White House and the National Security Council," according to his official bio.
"By 2012, [Elizondo] was the senior ranking person of the DOD's Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program, a secretive Pentagon unit that studied unidentified anomalous phenomena," his bio states, adding that he resigned in 2017.
Michael Gold, former NASA associate administrator of space policy and partnerships; member of NASA UAP Independent Study Team
Gold's written testimony stressed the need for government agencies and academics to "overcome the pernicious stigma that continues to impede scientific dialogue and open discussions" about unexplained phenomena.
"As the saying goes, the truth is out there," Gold said, "we just need to be bold enough and brave enough to face it."
Michael Shellenberger, founder of Public, a news outlet on the Substack platform
Shellenberger's testimony ran to some 214 pages, including a lengthy timeline of UAP reports from 1947 to 2023.
Shellenberger pressed the White House and Congress to act, calling for the adoption of UAP transparency legislation and cutting funds for any related programs that aren't disclosed to lawmakers.
"UAP transparency is bi-partisan and critical to our national security," his written testimony stated.
Here are some key moments from the hearing:
U.S. accused of having UAP crash retrieval programs
An early exchange between Elizondo and Rep. Nancy Mace, R-S.C., who led the hearing as chairwoman of the subcommittee on cybersecurity, IT and innovation, suggested that whatever UAPs are, the U.S. is intent on learning more about them — including efforts to recover any objects that might crash.
"Has the government conducted secret UAP crash retrieval programs? Yes or no?" Mace asked.
"Yes," Elizondo said.
"Ok. Were they designed to identify and reverse-engineer alien craft? Yes or no?" the lawmaker asked.
"Yes," Elizondo replied.
"Are you read into secret UAP crash retrieval programs?" Mace later asked.
"We would have to have a conversation in a closed session, ma'am," Elizondo said. "I signed documentation three years ago that restricts my ability to discuss specifically crash retrievals."
Rep. Jared Moskowitz, D-Fla., asked Elizondo about the document he signed with the Defense Department.
"You specifically said the document said you can't talk about crash retrieval," Moskowitz said. "Well, you know, you can't talk about fight club if there's no fight club."
"Correct," Elizondo replied.
Mace noted that in his testimony, Elizondo stated that advanced technologies "not made by our government or any other government are monitoring sensitive military installations around the globe."
"If these technologies are not made by any government, who's making them?" Mace asked, adding later, "Are these private companies you're implying, or is this nonhuman intelligence?"
"It may be both," Elizondo replied.
Immaculate Constellation
Shellenberger's Public news site recently published a story alleging that the U.S. government is operating "an active and highly secretive 'Unacknowledged Special Access Program'" intelligence operationthrough the Department of Defense called Immaculate Constellation. Shellenberger shared a document with lawmakers that he described as a whistleblower report about the program.
Shellenberger said the program uses high-quality imagery and other sophisticated tools to capture data about UAPs. Quoting from the report, he said that an F-22 plane encountered several orbital objects while on patrol in an unnamed place and at an unnamed date.
"The F-22 broke trajectory and attempted to evade but was intercepted and boxed in by approximately 3-6 UAPs," Shellenberger said in his testimony. He added that a source had warned him of tight secrecy controls around the program — a point also raised by Mace.
"Rep. [Anna Paulina] Luna [of Florida] just told me, if I say, 'Immaculate Constellation,' I'll be on some list, maybe [get] a FISA warrant," she said. "So come at me, bro, I guess."
Experts push for more transparency
Over the years, a number of unusual encounters have been found to have a reasonable explanation after they were reported, from weather balloons and atmospheric phenomena to drones, airborne trash and birds.
"I think probably the vast majority of UAP are drones, experimental aircraft, weather conditions," Gold, the former NASA administrator, said. "But there is a percentage that isn't."
Gold said agencies such as NASA should get funds to develop instruments to study UAP anomalies for potential new discoveries. As things stand, he said, researchers are relying on cellphones and fighter jets' cockpit gun cameras.
Repeatedly, Wednesday's witness panel stressed that the U.S. government — specifically, presidential administrations and the Pentagon — should be more transparent about UAP reports. And they called for ensuring that no one risks being stigmatized or intimidated for trying to report or study UAPs.
Elizondo said he believes many classified materials can be shared with Congress and the public.
When Elizondo was asked how he would characterize UAPs, he replied:
"An enigma, sir, and a frustration. We are talking about technologies that can outperform anything we have in our inventory. And if this was an adversarial technology, this would be an intelligence failure eclipsing that of 9/11 by an order of magnitude."
Reports of UFOs and UAPs are now more centralized
In 1977, President Carter asked NASA to look into resuming UFO investigations, but the agency and the Air Force believed "nothing would be gained by further investigation."
But in recent years, there have been increased efforts to compile and centralize the reporting of unexplained phenomena.
In July 2022, the U.S. government established the All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office, or AARO, to standardize reporting methods and data collection. It collects UAP reports from the military and from the Federal Aviation Administration including sightings reported by civilian pilots to air traffic control. The agency doesn't offer a way for the general public to file a UAP report. It does accept "reports from current or former U.S. Government employees, service members, or contractor personnel with direct knowledge of U.S. Government programs or activities related to UAP dating back to 1945."
The agency adds that potential filers should not submit "any information that is potentially CLASSIFIED, or unclassified information that is not publicly releasable (e.g. subject to export control regulations)."
Many historical records are also available
Because of intense public interest, a number of records related to UFO studies are available online, including a "case files" folder related to UAPs on the U.S. Navy's website. The FBI also has an online "vault" of records, covering the period from 1947 to 1954.
As for the famous Project Blue Book run by the U.S. Air Force from 1947 through 1969, documents related to the project are now kept by the National Archives, which holds 37 cubic feet of case files, along with at least 5 other cubic feet of records.
The bulk of the Blue Book investigations into 12,618 reported sightings were resolved, or explained,— but 701 remained "Unidentified," the Air Force has said. The service said that none of the incidents constituted a security threat or indicated abilities beyond modern science. It added, "There was no evidence indicating that sightings categorized as 'unidentified' were extraterrestrial vehicles."
Congressional Hearing Fuels Fresh Debate About UFOs
An 11-page documentthat’s attributed to a Pentagon whistleblower has provided new cases in the controversy over unidentified anomalous phenomena — also known as UAPs, unidentified flying objects or UFOs.
The document, released today in conjunction with a House subcommittee hearing on UAPs, lays out details about what’s said to be a special access program called Immaculate Constellation. It accuses officials in the federal government’s executive branch of a “criminal conspiracy” that has been managing issues surrounding UAPs and evidence for non-human intelligence “without congressional knowledge, oversight or authorization for some time, quite possibly decades.”
“It is clear, from my experience and what I’ve seen, that there is something out there,” said Rep. Andy Ogles, R-Tenn. “The question is, is it ours? Is it someone else’s? Or is it otherworldly? … We must know, and anyone who prevents us from gaining access to that information, I would consider that criminality, because we have U.S. personnel who may very well be in harm’s way.”
The document claims that the Immaculate Constellation program has imagery and other data relating to encounters with a variety of anomalous objects. “From 1991 to 2022, the most common UAP shapes reported in this [U.S. government] dataset were spheres/orbs, discs/saucers, ovals/tic-tacs, triangles, boomerang/arrowhead, and irregular/organic,” it said. The irregular objects were described as having a “floating brain” or “jellyfish” appearance.
Michael Shellenberger, an author and journalist who received the document from the purported whistleblower, said he verified the source’s credentials and assured lawmakers that the document was authentic. He also said he’s continuing to gather reports from other sources.
“Since my reporting on this Immaculate Constellation last month, another source came forward,” Shellenberger said. “He told me that they saw a roughly 13-minute-long, high-definition, full-color video of a white orb UAP coming out of the ocean approximately 20 miles off the coast of Kuwait. It was filmed from a helicopter. Then halfway through the video, the person said, the orb is joined by another orb that briefly comes into the frame from the left before rapidly moving again out of the frame.”
Shellenberger said there may be “hundreds, maybe thousands” of UAP reports in the Immaculate Constellation database.
Mick West, a retired software engineer who specializes in analyzing UAP reports, was generally skeptical of the claims made during the hearing, which was conducted jointly by two subcommittees under the aegis of the House Oversight Committee. Nevertheless, West was intrigued by the purported whistleblower report — and said the Pentagon’s All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office, or AARO, should follow up.
“The UFO document discussed in congressional testimony today contains descriptions of some interesting-sounding videos,” West said in a posting to the X social-media platform. “If these exist, I urge @DoD_AARO to make as many of these videos public as possible and share their analysis so we can get some clarity ASAP.”
In addition to Shellenberger, the witnesses at today’s hearing included retired Navy Rear Adm. Tim Gallaudet, who served as the acting administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration during the Trump administration; Luis Elizondo, a former intelligence official who is now an advocate for UAP disclosure; and Mike Gold, a former NASA associate administrator who was a member of NASA’s independent UAP study panel and is now chief growth officer at Redwire.
In advance of the hearing, Gallaudet came in for some strong criticism from Sean Kirkpatrick, who was in charge of AARO in 2022-2023 and is now chief technology officer for defense and intelligence programs at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee. “Mr. Gallaudet is clearly still bitter that I didn’t hire him into AARO when he came looking for a job,” Kirkpatrick said in a statement distributed on X. “His predisposed tendencies for conspiracies without evidence made him unsuitable for a job that required objectivity and evidence-based reason.”
Kirkpatrick and others involved in the UAP debate have suggested that the likeliest explanations for anomalous aerial sighting have to do with advanced technologies that are being secretly employed by rival nations, including Russia and China. But questions about potential alien intrusions, secret crash retrievals and exotic technologies repeatedly came up during the hearing.
In response to such questions, Gallaudet said he believed some of the reports about UAPs could be attributed to non-human higher intelligence. Elizondo agreed. “Although much of my government work on the UAP subject still remains classified, excessive secrecy has led to grave misdeeds against loyal civil servants, military personnel and the public — all to hide the fact that we are not alone in the cosmos,” Elizondo said.
In contrast, Gold declined to weigh in definitively on questions about extraterrestrials. “I just don’t know,” he said. “I think we must be modest in our assumptions that we’re looking for intelligence that could be biological. It might not.”
For example, Gold said, some UAPs may be controlled by artificial intelligence. “We assume that all intelligence would be like us, and every time we look out in the universe, we are humbled relative to what we don’t know, in terms of the forms of intelligence and what it may take,” he said. “l probably can’t answer your question, but I think the ultimate answer is going to surprise us all.”
The witnesses and the lawmakers seemed unanimous in their support for greater transparency about UAP sightings. Congress is currently considering legislation that would strengthen current requirements for UAP disclosure and whistleblower protection.
Rep. Jared Moskowitz, D-Fla., hinted that more information may be forthcoming when Donald Trump returns to the White House. “This has been bipartisan, bicameral,” Moskowitz said. “As we get into a new administration, the president-elect has talked about opportunities to declassify information on UAPs, and I hope he lives up to that promise.”
VIDEOS
Replay! Historic UFO hearing held by US government
A retired rear admiral, who served as the Navy's head oceanographer, will testify to Congressabout the risks of UFOs that appear to traverse Earth's seas with impunity.
Rear Admiral Tim Gallaudet (ret.) has attested publicly in the past to 'an interesting correlation [...] where we see so many potential interactions of UAP [i.e. UFOs] and nuclear ships' — but has never before discussed the issue under oath.
And increasingly, Rear Adm. Gallaudet has also given voice to growing concern among military officials that these strange apparent craft possess 'capabilities [...] beyond our current understanding of science, technology as well as engineering.'
'We need to research these more, get a better understanding of them,' as he put it this week, 'both for the national security implications, as well as just the science.'
The naval oceanographer did, however, reveal two startling UFO encounters on Monday, as reported to him by Navy personnel ahead of his testimony.
One submariner told Rear Adm. Gallaudet of an encounter a US sub had with a bizarre underwater object in the 1980s, which stopped on a dime while speeding deep under the Atlantic Ocean.
'It had all the signatures of a Russian torpedo,' Rear Adm. Gallaudet said, 'because it approached a rapid rate. But then it slowed down, which torpedoes don't do.'
Retired Rear Admiral Tim Gallaudet (above) has attested publicly in the past to 'an interesting correlation [...] where we see so many potential interactions of UAP ['Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena' or UFOs] and nuclear ships' - but has never before discussed the issue under oath
Rear Adm. Gallaudet explained that this US Navy submarine — which was traveling 'at a deeper depth during a very significant North Atlantic storm' — had conducted evasive maneuvers to escape what its crew thought, at first, was a Russian torpedo.
'Because of its rapid rate of approach, they went to "crush depth." That was their SOP, standard operating procedure,' the retired rear admiral told NewsNation.
Sometimes known as 'collapse depth,' the term 'crush depth' is used to indicate a level of deep ocean where the density and pressure of water is a threat to the structural integrity of a particular submarine's design.
But, the dense water at 'crush depth' can also help a sub evade torpedoes following it, by helping to confuse the weapon's on-board sonar, used for 'acoustic homing.'
The sound waves emitted as sonar 'pings,' in other words, can be slowed, dissipated or otherwise disrupted when passing through dense water at these depths.
'It was an old sub, too,' Rear Adm. Gallaudet said of the risky defensive gambit, which could have imploded the undersea vessel, killing its crew. 'So, they were not happy doing that and not comfortable.'
'They really believed it was a Soviet sub,' he told NewsNation correspondent and veteran investigative reporter Ross Coulthart, 'launching an attack on them.'
'And then, of course, this object, it stopped, and it went around to their stern and followed them,' he continued. 'Then it rapidly accelerated out of the scene.'
'Back in the '80s, we know of no technology that could have done that. What was that?' as the rear admiral put it rhetorically to Coulthart. 'I can't explain it either.'
In his appearance on NewsNation, Rear Adm. Gallaudet also discussed 'an extraordinary story from a chief petty officer on the USS Eisenhower' in which an entire carrier strike group of multiple ships witnessed a giant UFO. Above, a fighter jet onboard the Eisenhower
Still images from a leaked video showing a spherical UFO diving into the Pacific Ocean off the coast of California. Investigative journalist Jeremy Corbell says the video shows 'FLIR [forward looking infrared] data' that is complimented by the unreleased US Navy radar footage
Above, Rear Adm. Gallaudet when he was a a deputy administrator to the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), touring a National Weather Service office
In his appearance on Coulthart's NewsNation program, Rear Adm. Gallaudet also discussed 'an extraordinary story from a chief petty officer on the USS Eisenhower' in which an entire carrier strike group of multiple ships witnessed a gigantic UFO.
'On an earlier deployment about 20 years ago, the senior leadership, this chief petty officer, all witnessed a UAP in the middle of the strike group,' he said.
The retired rear admiral, who also spent three years as a deputy administrator to the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), also noted that he has begun 'a correspondence with Robert Hastings.'
Hastings, author of a doorstop book on the subject, titled 'UFOs and Nukes,' has helped bring public many US military witnesses to the similar UFO events in the past.
But, Rear Adm. Gallaudet noted that several of the most persuasive witness accounts, that he has heard about, are tied up with the classified sensitivities of America's nuclear submarine fleet.
'I've heard there's others,' he said, 'but submarine information and operations are so highly classified, with nondisclosure agreements signed by everybody on the force that they're hard to come out and find.'
Rear Adm. Gallaudet will speak Wednesday, November 13, 2024, at the UAP hearing hosted by the House Oversight and Accountability Committee is planning to host the hearing on Nov. 13,
According to a committee spokesperson: 'The Cyber Subcommittee and National Security Subcommittee will hold a joint hearing on UAPs on November 13. Cyber Subcommittee Chairwoman Nancy Mace (R-SC) and National Security Subcommittee Chairman Glenn Grothman (R-WI) will co-chair the hearing,'
VIDEOS
UFO: Ex-US Navy Admiral leads search for underwater alien, 'seen unidentified craft under water'
Evidence Of Underwater UFOs Plagues The California Coast | UFO Witness
Ep. 8 | The Basement Office | Underwater UFOs add to US Navy mystery | New York Post
UFO testimony via military recounts 'nonhuman' pilots and 'superior tech'
Three former military members appeared for a congressional hearing on the national security threats from "unidentified anomalous phenomena."
Scott L. Hall, USA TODAY
More than a year has passed since elected leaders in Congress last heard from experts about mystifying objects outmaneuvering our military and claims of shadowy government programs to study alien spaceships.
The now-infamous congressional hearing was one filled with sensational claims about UFOs. Despite the government's rebranding of UFOs with a less-stigmatized acronym – unidentified anomalous phenomena, or UAP – the hearing still captivated a public long obsessed with ideas of flying saucers and little green men.
So, when military officers spent hours providing compelling testimony about not just strange craft whizzing unchecked through U.S. air space, but about a concerted effort of our government to capture and study those craft, the public was hooked.
The hearing served to reignite long-held public suspicions that the U.S. military and other high levels of government are suppressing information about extraterrestrial activity and galvanized a movement for transparency. Now that a little more than a year has gone by, the government has signaled that after years of secrecy, it's slowly coming around to the idea of sharing more information publicly.
USA TODAY is providing a livestream of Wednesday hearing at the embed below:
July 2023: Military officials testify about UFOs at last congressional hearing
David Grusch, a former National Reconnaissance Officer, testifies July 26, 2023 before Congress about an alleged Pentagon program to retrieve and study downed UFOS. The …Show more
Jack Gruber/USA TODAY
In the July 2023 hearing, House members heard testimony from two former Navy pilots who came forward with information about objects routinely violating U.S. airspace.
Lt. Ryan Graves and Cmdr. David Fravor each provided accounts of specific incidents they had either witnessed over the years or heard about from other pilots they deemed credible. Some of the accounts they described were of aircrafts displaying capabilities they believed were beyond any known human technology.
Fravor himself was among Navy pilots who spotted the now-famous Tic Tac-shaped object that was captured in 2004 on video during a flight off the coast of Southern California. In testifying about the well-known sighting, Fravor described the oval object as "perfectly white, smooth, no windows," and displaying flight capabilities that were unheard of.
But the most sensational part of the hearing came when former Pentagon intelligence official David Grusch offered testimony about an alleged shadowy "multi-decade" Pentagon program to retrieve and study not only downed spacecraft, but extraterrestrial pilots. Without offering hard evidence, Grusch accused the Pentagon under oath of being aware of extraterrestrial activity since the 1930s and hiding the program from Congress while misappropriating funds to operate it.
The Pentagon has repeatedly denied that such a program exists.
August 2023: Pentagon unveils UFO website with declassified info
Within about two months of the hearing, the Pentagon's office to investigate UFOs revealed a new website for the public to access declassified information about reported sightings.
The site, operated by the All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) – a relatively new Pentagon program established to analyze UAP reports – also has a mechanism for military pilots to report sightings.
More than a year after launching, the site includes a handful of videos, some of which have been explained as commercial craft and some of which have been labeled as "unresolved." Each video contains a short description with an explanation by AARO of where it was captured and what characteristics the object was exhibiting.
Those who visit the site can also access an assortment of laws, memos, congressional briefings and press releases related to UAP.
But if you're going to the site to look for evidence of aliens, you'll be disappointed. In January, outgoing AARO director Sean Kirkpatrick – since replaced by Jon T. Kosloski – appeared on a podcast and made one thing clear:
"There is no evidence of aliens and there's no evidence of the government conspiracy," he said.
September 2023: NASA releases UAP report, appoints research head
NASA Administrator Bill Nelson reveals the space agency's report on UAPs, the government's new term for UFOs, during a press conference Sept. 14, 2023 in …Show more
Win McNamee/Getty Images
Weeks later, NASA released a long-awaited UFO report affirming that no evidence existed to confirm that alien spaceships have visited Earth.
However, in what Administrator Bill Nelson described as a signal of the agency's transparency, NASA appointed a director of UAP research.
Because of the potential threat posed to national security and air safety, NASA embarked in 2022 on the space agency's first-ever study of UFOs, For the report, experts commissioned by the the space agency outlined ways in which NASA can partner with the U.S. government and private commercial organizations to better study and understand unidentified flying objects.
Legislation aims to declassify records, make reporting easier
Rep. Tim Burchett (R-TN), Rep. Andy Ogles (R-TN) and Rep. Matt Gaetz (R-TN) attend a news conference on Nov. 30, 2023 calling for more transparency …Show more
Drew Angerer/Getty Images
In the wake of the hearing, Congress has sought to take action in the form of bipartisan legislation to demystify UFOs for the public.
However, lawmakers like Rep. Tim Burchett (R-Tenn.) and many UFO transparency advocates derided the legislation as disappointment. While the measure directs the government to disclose to the public at least some records about UAP, it grants various agencies wide latitude in concealing certain information.
Then, under a House bill introduced in January, commercial airline pilots who witness crafts flying through the skies in unexplainable ways would be able to report the UFO sightings to the federal government. Rep. Robert Garcia (D-California) and Rep. Glenn Grothman (R-Wisconsin) both sponsored the bill, which would create a mechanism for civilian pilots and other airline workers to report sightings to the the Federal Aviation Administration.
However, the bill appears to have since stagnated since its introduction.
The idea that, absent any immediate logical explanation, strange crafts sighted whizzing through our skies must surely be alien visitors seems to only continue gaining momentum – even as astrophysicists caution that the absence of obvious natural explanations for UFOs doesn't make extraterrestrial ones likely.
"Excessive secrecy has led to grave misdeeds against loyal civil servants, military personnel and the public — all to hide the fact that we are not alone in the cosmos."
We Are Not Alone (2023) | FULL UFO ALIEN SCIFI DOCUMENTARY | Jay Bluemke | Jimmy Church | Adam Curry
UFOs came to Washington again today.
The U.S. House of Representatives' Committee on Oversight and Accountability held a hearing titled "Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena: Exposing the Truth" at the Rayburn House Office Building in Washington, D.C. at 11:30 a.m. EST (1530 GMT) on Wednesday (Nov. 13). Unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) is a relatively new catch-all term that includes sightings of unexplained objects or events that take place in the air, underwater, in space, or that travel between those domains.
Like previous congressional UFO hearings, today's event featured testimony from current U.S. military personnel who claim the American government has for decades hidden evidence of advanced technologies and otherworldly visitors from the public. A multitude of anecdotes were presented about flying orbs coming out of the ocean, disc-shaped objects, and craft "exhibiting flight and structural characteristics unlike anything in our arsenal." While such claims are nothing new, what is noteworthy about today's hearing are the pedigrees of some of the whistleblowers who testified, including a former U.S. counterintelligence officer, a retired U.S. Navy rear admiral and a former NASA associate administrator. All of them stressed the need for more government transparency, less stigma about the UFO topic and new policies to bring UAP data out of the "black" classified world and into the public domain.
This isn't the U.S. government's first attempt to investigate the recent wave of UFO claims that began in 2017. A similar hearing was held last year, in which a whistleblower told Congress the U.S. government is hiding evidence of 'non-human intelligence.'
The Pentagon also created the All-Doman Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) in 2022 to investigate UAP reports and government data about UFOs, but critics, including some government officials, are skeptical of the office's aims and methods.
"AARO is unable, or perhaps unwilling, to bring forward the truth about the government's activities concerning UAPs," Representative Nancy Mace (R-South Carolina) said during the hearing's opening remarks today. "I'm disturbed that AARO itself lacks transparency; even its budget is kept from the public. So if there is no 'there' there, then why are we spending money on it? And by how much? Why the secrecy?"
Other representatives stressed the need for transparency and data analysis today, a common theme of other recent UAP studies. "We have evidence that what we are detecting things, and we know that we don't understand them, and this is worth investigating," Rep. Robert Garcia (D-CA) said. "I believe we can always be more transparent. To me, this hearing and others are simply about the truth and getting to the facts of what these UAPs actually are."
Luis Elizondo, a former U.S. counterintelligence officer who has been vocal about such claims in recent years, told the assembled representatives at the hearing that "excessive secrecy has led to grave misdeeds against loyal civil servants, military personnel and the public — all to hide the fact that we are not alone in the cosmos."
We are "in the midst of a multi-decade, secretive arms race — one funded by misallocated taxpayer dollars and hidden from our elected representatives and oversight bodies," Elizondo stated during his testimony.
Elizondo, who claims to have previously investigated UFOs as part of a secret Pentagon program, suggested that the U.S. government create a "whole-of-government" approach to studying UAP, create a national UAP strategy and offer protections so that whistleblowers who are "desperate to do the right thing can come forward without fear."
During questioning, Elizondo was asked if some of the "advanced technologies" that have been seen monitoring sensitive military installations around the globe could be operated by aliens or private companies. "Maybe both," Elizondo replied.
Elizondo also stated point-blank to Rep. Mace's questioning that the U.S. government has programs to retrieve crashed UAP and reverse-engineer them, but avoided giving any specifics in an unclassified public setting such as the hearing.
Rep. Jared Moskowitz (D-FL) then questioned Elizondo, asking the former counterintelligence agent about a document he signed that limits him from speaking publicly about crash retrieval programs. "The document said you can't talk about crash retrieval. Well, you know, you can't talk about Fight Club if there's no Fight Club, correct?"
Like other witnesses, Elizondo stated that the alleged excessive government secrecy around UFOs harms national security. In response to questioning from Rep. Tim Burchett (R-TN), Elizondo stated that, if UAP sightings turned out to be technologies operated by adversarial nations, it would be "an intelligence failure eclipsing 9/11 in order of magnitude."
Retired U.S. Navy rear admiral Tim Gallaudet offered similar testimony as Elizondo. "We know from last year's UAP hearing and recent statements and publications by credible whistleblowers that UAP, NHI [non-human intelligence], and their technology of unknown origin (TUO) represent a new realization that we are not the only advanced intelligence in the universe," Gallaudet said on Wednesday, according to his published remarks.
"Unelected officials in the U.S. government do not have an exclusive right to this knowledge about the nature of reality. The American people have a right to that knowledge," Gallaudet said. The retired rear admiral also stressed the national security and airspace safety concerns related with UAP sightings, calling them "extensive."
When Rep. Garcia asked Gallaudet and other witnesses what UAP might represent, the retired rear admiral said he believes they are evidence of a "non-human higher intelligence."
Former NASA Associate Administrator for Space Policy and Partnerships Michael Gold also testified at today's hearing, and previously served on NASA's UAP study team. Gold's testimony was more grounded; for example, he stressed the need for NASA to contribute its authority and expertise toward analyzing what UAP data it might already possess and helping dispel the stigma associated with the UFO topic.
"Our best tool for unlocking the mystery of UAP is science, but we cannot conduct a proper inquiry if the stigma is so overwhelming that just daring to be part of a NASA search team elicits such a vitriolic response," Gold said during today's hearing. "Therefore, one of the most important actions that can be taken, relative to exposing the truth of UAP, is to combat the stigma, and this is where I believe that NASA can be eminently helpful."
Gold added that NASA has a massive archive of data that could possibly contain evidence of UAP, and suggested that artificial intelligence/machine learning algorithms could help sort through the agency's trove of data to help shine light on the UFO phenomenon. In addition, the former NASA associate administrator said the agency should develop specialized instruments that might be able to gather useful data about UAP.
UFO hearing: Congressman alleges years-long 'cover-up' by Pentagon, military | LiveNOW from FOX
Journalist Michael Shellenberger also testified today, telling the representatives that there's a "growing body of evidence that the government is not being transparent about what it knows about unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP), formerly called UFOs, and that elements within the military and IC [intelligence community] are in violation of their Constitutional duty to notify Congress of their operations."
Shellenberger stated that there is a secret program within the U.S. government known as "Immaculate Constellation" whose sole purpose is to collect UFO and UAP reports from military personnel and sensor data and quarantine them away from the rest of the government and military. While he noted that a Pentagon spokesperson has stated no such program exists, Shellenberger recounted prior examples in which the Department of Defense has initially denied knowledge of UAP-related information only to later change its stance and either admit the information exists or release it to the public.
"The U.S. government appears to know significantly more about UAPs than it is revealing," Shellenberger said at the hearing. "But even those who believe the U.S. government has revealed all that it knows should have no objection to Congressional demands for greater transparency."
To conclude the meeting, Rep. Mace asked each of the witnesses to define what non-human biologics or non-human intelligence mean to each of them.
"I don't think it's a stretch, when you look at the diversity of life on this planet and the size of this universe, to think that there will be more diverse, higher-order, non-human intelligence throughout the universe, and that's probably what's visiting us," Gallaudet said.
Elizondo stated he would take a scientific approach: "The definition would be the ability to react to a stimulus in a manner that requires an intellectual thought process."
Gold, meanwhile, questioned whether non-human intelligence necessarily implies life, suggesting sophisticated artificial intelligence might be responsible for some UAP encounters. Shellenberger simply stated he did not know what they might be.
In today's hearing, as in other UFO hearings, there was a lot of telling and not a lot of showing. One of the core tenets of these whistleblower testimonies is that much of the credible UFO data is classified and can't be revealed to the public based on the military capabilities that some of that data could reveal.
Whistleblowers have attested for years that, because advanced or classified sensors and satellites sometimes capture footage or photos of unexplained phenomena or advanced craft, those photos or videos are likewise classified by the U.S. government in order to not reveal America's full surveillance or sensing capabilities.
Such was the case in 2023 when U.S. military aircraft shot down a mysterious object off the coast of Alaska. The American government has yet to release any imagery from the event, but a Canadian freedom of information request unveiled a photograph earlier this year of a balloon-like object.
Those incidents and others like it, such as a weeks-long drone incursion above Langley Air Force Base in Washington, D.C., were discussed in today's hearing. "The origin of these drones and their operators remains a mystery," Rep. Glenn Grothman (R-Wis.) said. "This incident and other sightings near sensitive military installations highlights the complexity of the UAP challenge facing our intelligence, defense and homeland security committees."
Expert witnesses plan to testify before Congress about a 'constitutional crisis' posed by government secrecy onUFOs — and even 'threats' to scientists investigating these mysterious phenomena.
One, Navy Rear Admiral Tim Gallaudet, will also speak about secret 'satellite imagery' from a 2017 UFO case that has been illegally hidden from congressional oversight.
'Elements of the government are engaging in a disinformation campaign,' the rear admiral stated in his prepared written testimony submitted ahead of this Wedneday's hearing, '[including] personal attacks designed to discredit UAP whistleblowers.'
Another witness, former NASA legal advisor Mike Gold, plans to speak on behalf of scientists, pilots and others who have faced 'negative consequences to their career' for openly pursuing answers to these enigmatic and unusual incidents.
'It's disconcerting when members of the academic community are vilified for even having the temerity to attempt to study UAP,' Gold wrote in his own testimony.
Above, eerie UFO footage captured by hurricane remediation worker William Guy in September 2019 - documenting strange lights off North Carolina's Outer Banks, not too far from the Atlantic Ocean training areas where US Navy pilots reported UFOs in 2014 and 2015
Rear Adm. Gallaudet, who also served as deputy administrator to the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), offered to help Congress obtain the wrongfully withheld UFO satellite data in a classified briefing.
'I would be happy in a closed setting to provide the dates involved if that would help the committee to formulate a specific request for access,' he stated in his testimony.
The rear admiral has become a prominent voice calling for wider transparency on the topic of UFOs over the past three years, as well as a defender of once senior US intelligence officers, like David Grusch, who have come forward on the issue.
Late last year, Rear Adm. Gallaudet said he found Grusch's account of a decades-old, highly classified UFO crash retrieval and reverse engineering program to be credible.
'We're being visited by non-human intelligence with technology we really don't understand,' Gallaudet confirmed, 'and with intentions we don't understand either.'
In his prepared testimony to Congress, expected to be followed by detailed questions from House Oversight, the retired Navy and NOAA official explained that he has witnessed the dangers of government UFO secrecy firsthand.
In January 2015, according to Gallaudet, he received an 'URGENT SAFETY OF FLIGHT ISSUE' inquiry on the Navy's secure internet network from the operations officer of the Navy's Fleet Forces Command — only to have that message just disappear.
'The text of the email was brief but alarming,' he testified, 'with words to the effect [of] "We are having multiple near-midair collisions, and if we do not resolve it soon, we will have to shut down the exercise."'
'This incident disturbed me,' he added, 'for the remainder of my government service, including my time as an Under Secretary of Commerce and NOAA Administrator.'
Retired Rear Admiral Gallaudet (left), a PhD oceanographer who also served as deputy administrator to the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), will testify on UFOs this Wednesday in Congress. Joining him will be ex-NASA legal advisor Mike Gold (right)
According to a committee spokesperson, Republican congresswoman Nancy Mace (above), chair of House Oversight's Cybersecurity Subcommittee will co-chair the new UFO hearing
'Attached to the email was what is now known as the "Go Fast" video, captured on the forward-looking infrared sensor onboard one of the Navy F/A-18 aircraft participating in the exercise,' he added.
What the rear admiral found most disturbing about this disappearing Navy email was that clear implication that the need for secrecy surrounding these UFOs — whatever they were — had trumped the very lives of America's fighter pilots.
'It highlighted a dangerous culture of over-classification, where even pressing safety-of-flight issues could be swept aside under the pretense of secrecy,' he noted.
Based on his own naval experience, the rear admiral inferred that the absence of answers on these life-threatening UFOs meant that the explanation was unlikely to be a 'classified technology demonstrations' by the US Department of Defense (DoD).
'Because DoD policy is to rigorously deconflict such demonstrations with live exercises,' Rear Adm. Gallaudet wrote, 'I was confident this was not the case.'
'I concluded that the UAP information must have been classified within a special access program managed by an intelligence agency,' he continued, 'that even senior officials, including myself, were not read into.'
Gallaudet plans to describe these and other episodes of UFO secrecy as 'an absolute outrage' during his upcoming, in-person testimony.
The retired senior-level official also plans to call out former leadership of the Pentagon's All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) for what he characterizes as 'illegal and unethical DoD disinformation efforts.'
Above, a still from the 'Go Fast' UFO video - captured by Navy Pilots off the coast of Florida in 2015. Rear Adm. Gallaudet plans to testify about receiving a 'brief but alarming' official email regarding the 'Go Fast' incident that mysteriously disappeared from secured Navy servers
Republican congressman Glenn Grothman (above), chair of House Oversight's National Security Subcommittee, is expected to co-lead the UFO hearing Wednesday with Rep. Mace. Above, Rep. Grothman seen entering a secured room for a classified UFO briefing last year
'AARO needs to explain the inaccuracies and incompleteness of AARO's first historical records report,' according to Rear Adm. Gallaudet.
Submitted testimony from former NASA legal advisor Mike Gold praised House Oversight's 'devotion to truth and scientific openness regardless of the ridicule and even spite that the discussion of UAP can engender.'
Gold also served on the US space agency's UFO advisory council last year in a volunteer capacity alongside his official duties as Chief Growth Officer for RedwireSpace a private aerospace company.
'Stigmatization of UAP prevents the gathering of invaluable data that represents our best and only chance to understand the phenomena,' Gold wrote in his testimony.
NASA legal advisor Mike Gold (top right) - who also served on the US space agency's UFO advisory council last year - praised House Oversight's 'devotion to truth and scientific openness regardless of the ridicule and even spite that the discussion of UAP can engender'
This stigma issue, he noted, has resulted in malformed and maladapted official policies that are slowing down the quest for answers on these increasingly controversial debates of these seemingly otherworldly phenomena.
The ex-NASA official cited decades of poor reporting standards for private pilots who see UFOs.
For years civilian and commercial aviators were told not to report UFOs to federal flight safety regulators but to private citizen UFO hunters, including the National UFO Reporting Center (NUFORC) in Washington state.
'Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) instructions on the matter are difficult to find, provide obsolete advice (e.g., referencing organizations that no longer exist), and are not generally known or understood by the civilian pilot community,' he said.
Based on his submitted testimony, Gold plans to also credit the efforts of NASA's UFO advisory panel, 'particularly those who encountered ridicule and even threats due to their participation.'
'The stigma prevents scientific inquiry,' Gold warned in his statement, 'the best tool that we have to understand anomalies, from being fully applied.'
'Moreover, science is driven by anomalies,' he noted. 'The Theory of General Relativity, Quantum Mechanics, virtually all of our scientific progress has been based on discovering and studying anomalies.'
VIDEOS
SHOCKING TESTIMONY: Former Navy Pilot Describes Infamous 2004 'Tic Tac' UFO Experience
UFO hearing: Congressman alleges years-long 'cover-up' by Pentagon, military | LiveNOW from FOX
Whistleblower says US has found 'nonhuman' pilots during UFO hearing | USA TODAY
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.