Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 13 YEARS AND 2 MONTH.
ON 06/08/2024 MORE THAN 2.161.100
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
27-06-2016
Explaining the Great Flood, Atlantis, and humans in North America Using Science, June 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Explaining the Great Flood, Atlantis, and humans in North America Using Science, June 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of video: June 17, 2016 I really like his ideas in this video. It does make a great hypothesis about what could have caused such floods and changes with the Earth long ago. The Earth is continually moving and so are other things in space, like clouds. Particularly interesting is his thoughts about Plato. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com
Video states: I’ll set the ground work for each scenario. I am pretty sure the Great Flood did happen. While it is popularized as a Christian story in English speaking countries, the Great Flood transcends almost every single culture around the world. So I don’t doubt it happened. But the main issue is where did the water come from? Most of theories I have seen require bending the rules of the observable reality that we live in. Next is the Firmament. The firmament is something in the book of Genesis that talks about a body of water surrounding the Earth. There is also some interpretation that while the firmament was in place it did not rain much if at all on Earth. After the flood the firmament is gone and today we get lots of rain.
Atlantis is a fabled city written about by Plato in the 300BC time frame. It’s really a tale about an advanced civilization that existed at one time, but vanished at some point. The idea I like about this, is is it possible that humans were more advanced that we thought and something reset us…akin to the saying “send us back to the stone age”. I do not think this is baseless idea, because even today in our current world we have humans that have gone to Moon and sent probes into space, yet there are humans on this planet that still are in the foraging phase.
And finally my last topic is that of humans getting to the Americas. It is believed that humans started in the middle east somewhere around Mesopotamia which is in modern day Iraq. The narrative I was taught as a child was the humans crossed from Russia to North America over a land bridge made of ice during an Ice Age. But there is some disagreement about the earliest humans in the America’s versus when Ice Ages happened. I think this land bridge route is still valid, but I do not require an ice age to cross it. So lets start with the idea that the world we observe today is the same as the way the world was in pre-historic times. The physics and all the other rules are still the same. The water cycle still holds true. So we can assume that amount of the water on the planet today is the amount of water that was on the planet after the Great Flood.
And we can assume that if we do not see a sphere of water surrounding the Earth now, there probably wasn’t one in the past. So that would mean the only way that all this water could be here now, is if it wasn’t here to begin with. With less water that would mean that there could have easily been a real land bridge between Alaska and Russia. They did not have to cross during an ice age. The bridge would have accessible at all times. The Bering Strait is only about 160 feet deep. If we lowered the Earths oceans by 160 feet, that means that much more land would be available throughout the world.
For as long as history has been written, water passages have always been the most important places for humans to live. Even today we see that on the coasts there are metropolitan areas, while deep in the inland the people are much less advanced in terms of quality of life. That has changed in the last 100 years due to motor travel. But up until that point living on the coast or a river was the only way to have successful trade or strategic military advantage. So here is the idea. Back in 2011 I saw this article about how scientists had discovered a massive cloud of water deep in space. What if as one point one of these clouds passed through our solar system? It would probably take while to get here maybe a couple hundred years. But during that time a couple hundred years 6-7 generations word of mouth was the only real way to pass history. So for them 2 or 3 generations is all it would take to be “forever”.
During that time the Suns reflection and heat in the atmosphere would make it appear to be sparkling water in the sky, which could explain the firmament. Once the cloud got near Earth and we started passing through it, the frozen water would melt in the atmosphere and completely saturate the air, it would then start raining. And it would not be localized like what we see now, it would be entire Earth being rained on for an extended period of time. All that water would rush out to the ocean and anything near rivers or oceans, like a human population for example, would be washed out to sea and buried by all the sediments picked up from higher elevation.
Think of the world as one big mud slide. The people living in the higher elevations would not be as threatened by the flooding. And so the more advanced civilization would be destroyed and only the more simple societies in the highlands would be left, hence a reset. Once this space cloud passed, things would settle down and Earth would have a lot more water content.
Argentina UFO: Is It a ‘Pleiadian’ or Nordic Alien Base?
Argentina UFO: Is It a ‘Pleiadian’ or Nordic Alien Base?
Humans live believing that they are the only ones that exist on earth, which is why the alleged existence of aliens has long been a debatable topic. Nordic or Pleiadians aliens refer to the alien race, which are extraterrestrial humanoid creatures from the cluster of stars. Recently, paranormal researchers have made a strange claim that these humanoid creatures have been discovered in a secluded area within the rural Argentina about 70 miles from Salta. Human history is saturated with alien invasions, hundreds of them, and that such attacks have occurred on every continent and in every epoch of world history. The alien invasions continue this day much more in Argentina, where a larger invasion would possible takes place according to the alien hunters.
They even added that their existence was concluded after a careful and thorough research as it is tough for the strangers who are unfamiliar with the unexploited and undeveloped land in Northern Argentina. To make their presence known, the guests who make it to their gates should ring the bell. An investigator recently entered the private community. Members of the community allegedly confessed that they were alien beings from a distant star. According to local paranormal investigators, two Pleiadian communities are the only two identified cultures in Salta, but it is believed that more than thirty are in private communities. In a place nearby Cafayate, there is a community descended from Pleiadian settlers that have been uncovered. In a naked eye, there are only seven stars in the cluster that are visible, but it has been contended that there are hundreds of stars in the system. Nordic aliens or Pleiadians appears totally like humans. In fact, it is very challenging for the untrained eye to tell the difference between them. Hence, they were able to live with the humans undetected for years. Nordic alien or Pleiadian has exaggerated Nordic and Scandinavian features, such as skin, fair hair, and blue eyes.
Resources from Space is a series of videos that explains how we may obtain energy and raw materials from beyond our first planet. Please click a thumbnail below to watch a video, or read on for more information in text and images.
The resource requirements of the human race continue to escalate, with the United Nations anticipating a three-fold increase in resource usage between 2010 and 2050. In response, over the past few decades there has been an increasing focus on 'sustainability' initiatives like recycling and transitioning to alternative energy sources. However, all such measures to consume less can at best only constitute a short-term solution to the resource requirements of future generations. In the long-term, we will therefore need to move Beyond Sustainability to both consume less and find more.
As the resource supplies of the Earth continue to dwindle, the only place we can find fresh supplies of both energy and raw materials is out in space. This could involve the mining of the asteroids and the Moon. But, before that occurs, our most likely option for obtaining exterrestrial resources is space-based solar power.
Solar Energy from Space
Space-based solar power, also known just as space solar power, would generate off-world energy by placing solar power satellites in orbit. These would receive sunlight before it hit the Earth, and would wirelessly transmit their collected energy to a receiving station on the ground. For safe operation, wireless power transmission frequencies would need to be chosen that would not damage animals, plants or machines caught in the beam.
Solar power satellites would be immune to cloud cover, the changing seasons, and atmospheric haze. In a geostationary orbit some 22,000 miles above the Earth, they would also be largely unaffected by night time shadow. Solar power satellites therefore have the potential to be around ten times more efficient than ground-based solar power installations.
Designs for a space-based solar power system were first developed by an American engineer called Peter Glaser, who in 1973 obtained a patent for his 'method and apparatus for converting solar radiation to electrical power'. This envisaged solar power satellites with microwave antennas that would transmit power to large Earth-based receivers called 'rectennas'.
Since Glaser's pioneering endeavours, significant development work has taken place in the United States, Canada, Europe, Japan, China and India. For example, in the 1970s, NASA and the US Department of Energy spent about $20 million on feasibility studies. Between 1995 and 1997, NASA again looked at space-based solar power under an initiative called Fresh Looks. In 2007, the US National Security Space Office also presented a detailed analysis, while in 2009 Pacific Gas and Electric, and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), both put forward ambitious plans. By 2010, in Europe EADS Astrium had also begun to seek partners for a demonstration mission. In 2011, the International Academy of Astronautics, or the IAA, then produced its highly detailed First International Assessment Of Space Solar Power. In April 2014 , JAXA even revealed plans for a space-based solar power system to provide energy to Tokyo by 2030.
According to the 2011 IAA report, 'there are no fundamental technical barriers that would prevent the realization of large-scale SPS platforms during the coming decades.' Having considered many possible approaches, the IAA also highlighted three as the most viable.
The IAA's Type I architecture is based on the now 'classic' Solar Power Satellite Reference System developed in 1979 by NASA and the US Department of Energy. Here, one or more very large arrays of photovoltaic solar panels are coupled to a microwave power transmission system. The architecture requires a large, stabilized platform that rotates on three axis to keep its solar panels pointed at the Sun, and its power transmission dish targeted at a receiving station on the Earth.
The IAA's Type II system transmits solar energy to the Earth using multiple lasers that target a photovoltaic rectenna. While solar-pumped lasers could be used to directly channel focused sunlight to the Earth, electric lasers are likely to prove more effective. Here, sunlight would be turned into electricity using large photovoltaic arrays as in a Type I system. But the power would then transmitted to the Earth by many laser beams operating at the near-visible part of the spectrum. A Type II architecture could comprise an integrated platform with multiple laser installations, or a constellation of single laser platforms.
Finally, the IAA's Type III system is a based on a symmetrical optical concentrator or 'sandwich' design that does not require very large photovoltaic panels. Rather, vast arrays of mirrors collect and redirect sunlight onto much smaller photovoltaic solar cells. The electricity so created is then transmitted to the Earth via a single microwave link. Such an approach requires a less complex power management and distribution arrangement than in than a Type I or Type II system, as captured solar energy would largely be moved around via light redirection, rather than through a physical electrical infrastructure. Type III systems may therefore prove the most viable to construct.
Given that all life as we know it depends on energy from the Sun, it is perhaps hardly surprising that interest in space-based solar power has been growing for over 40 years. Many tentative ventures have even been announced, although no major industrial player or government has yet committed significant resources. This said, several smaller firms -- including SpaceEnergy and Powersat -- continue to pioneer. The recent JAXA announcement also sounds rather hopeful. It is also worth noting that all of the technologies required to build solar power satellites already exist, with advancements in the necessary solar technologies continuing to be made. The transmission of energy over long distances using either microwaves or lasers is also long since proven. A few decades from now, Peter Glaser's vision of obtaining energy from space may therefore become a reality.
While space-based solar power may help to meet some of our future energy needs, it will not assist with the supply of physical resources. To fulfil our future requirement for new raw materials, space pioneers will subsequently have to travel far beyond the Earth to destinations including the Moon and the asteroids.
Asteroids -- also known as minor planets or planetoids -- are chunks of space debris in orbit around the Sun. They are the material left over from the formation of the planets, and range from a few metres, to hundreds of kilometres in diameter.
Most asteroids are located in the Main Asteroid Belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. This contains millions of asteroids, of which 750,000 are more than 1 km across, with over 200 exceeding 100 km in diameter. Asteroids in the Main Belt are so spread out that most are hundreds of thousands of kilometres apart.
Located outside the Main Belt are three groups of 'near-Earth' asteroids called the Atens, the Amors and the Apollos. These contain about 9,000 asteroids, with nearly 1,000 more than a kilometer in size. Due to their relative proximity to our planet, some 1,500 near-Earth asteroids are prime candidates for mining operations.
Asteroids are made of many different materials, with the majority classified as C-type, S-type or M-type. C-type or carbonaceous asteroids are the most common, are greyish in colour, and are thought to consist of carbon compounds, rock, up to 20 per cent water, and some metals. S-type or silicaceous asteroids are then greenish to reddish in colour, and are mostly made of iron and magnesium silicates, with smaller quantities of pure nickel and iron, as well as some platinum group metals. Finally, M-type or metallic asteroids are reddish in colour, and mainly composed of pure nickel and iron, with smaller platinum group deposits. A single, platinum-rich, 500 metre wide asteroid has been estimated to contain up to 174 times the yearly world output of this highly precious material, and 1.5 times the known world-reserves of platinum group metals.
Out in space, the water to be found on C-type asteroids will be just as valuable as metal deposits, as water is a critical commodity both for sustaining humans in space, and as a source of oxygen for rocket fuel. Even basic asteroid rock may prove a valuable building material, as it could shield humans from deadly radiation. As all of these examples illustrate, there are significant possibilities to exploit asteroids as a valuable source of extraterrestrial resources. It has indeed already been calculated that some individual asteroids contain raw materials worth more than one hundred billion dollars.
Asteroids are likely to be easier to mine than the Moon. This is because even the largest asteroids have very low gravitational fields. This means that it would be relatively straight-forward for spacecraft to both travel to asteroids, and to launch back into space. Extracted metals, water and other valuable raw materials could therefore be readily transported to the Earth or other locations, perhaps in vast rocket trains.
Once suitable asteroids have been identified, they could be mined in various ways. For a start, on larger asteroids, bases may be established. Here any human quarters may be cut deep into the rock to provide shielding from deadly cosmic rays. Industrial facilities attached to the surface of the asteroid would then process and store extracted materials.
As an alternative to establishing long-term bases, limpet ships may temporarily attach themselves to asteroids large or small. These potentially robotic mining craft would then eat into the surface, and accumulate extracted raw materials in their cargo bays. Limpet ships are likely to be the preferred option to mine smaller asteroids, or to extract concentrated deposits of critical materials from large asteroids that are largely comprised of less valuable rock.
And as yet another option, processing stations may be positioned near a large asteroid or any densely populated part of a field. Small asteroids or laser-cut asteroid sections would then be fed to the processing station, refined into useful materials, and once again sent back to the Earth. Alternatively, rocket trains may transport small captured asteroids or asteroid sections to processing stations in Earth orbit.
While asteroid mining may sound like science fiction, two companies already have pioneering ambitions. The first is Planetary Resources, which intends to bring the natural resources of space within humanity's economic sphere of influence. Also on an asteroid mining crusade is Deep Space Industries, who note that 'the resource potential of space outstrips that of any previous frontier - [and] without the environmental impacts'. Both Planetary Resources and Deep Space Industries plan to commence their off-world activities by prospecting with small satellites.
Asteroid mining will not be easy, and is currently not an economic proposition. But, with the natural resources demanded by humanity set to triple by 2050, and with finite materials here on Earth, we could be excavating space rock not that many decades from now. Further, by the middle of this century, there could also be mining operations on the Moon.
Mining the Moon
Since the dawn of recorded history, human beings have looked up to the Moon. To date, only twelve of us have stood on its surface and looked back to Mother Earth, with the last Apollo astronaut having departed in 1972. But, over forty years on, there is now an increasing appetite for a return trip.
In the last decade Russia, China and the United States have all signalled some level of intention to build a future lunar base. In December 2013, the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program even landed a robotic rover, while in April 2014 Russia reiterated its plans to inhabit the Moon 'forever'. In January 2014, NASA also announced a programme calledLunar CATALYST -- or 'Lunar Cargo Transportation and Landing by Soft Touchdown' -- that will help commercial companies to develop lunar transportation capabilities.
Several private companies, including Moon Express and SpaceIL, now also have lunar ambitions. In part, such pioneers are being spurred on by the Google Lunar X Prize. This was launched in September 2007, and offers $30 million to the first private company to land a robot on the Moon, travel 500 meters, and send two high-definition "Mooncasts" back to the Earth. Thirty-three teams initially registered for this grand challenge to create another 'Apollo moment', with eighteen still in the game to reach the Moon by the competition deadline of 31st December 2015.
Commercial organizations are interested in the Moon as a potential source of raw materials. In particular, our lonely satellite is thought to harbour substantial deposits of cobalt, iron, gold, palladium, platinum, titanium, tungsten and uranium. Since 2009, NASA experiments have also confirmed the presence of water on the Moon, which could prove critical in supporting long-term human occupation. However, the most valuable deposit may be a gas called helium-3 that could fuel future nuclear reactors.
At present, all nuclear power stations use a process called nuclear fission to generate heat and subsequently electricity. Specifically, inside current fission reactors, atoms of uranium or plutonium are struck by neutrons that break them apart. This releases atomic energy, but also results in highly toxic nuclear waste.
In contrast, in future nuclear fission power plants, two fuels could be atomically fused together in a reaction that would not create any nuclear waste. This is where helium-3 comes in, as it could be used in combination with deuterium to power fusion reactors whose only by-product is normal helium and stray protons -- although admittedly the latter will prove difficult to contain. Even so, helium-3/deuterium power stations do have the potential to safely fuel the world in the future.
The problem is, helium-3 does not occur naturally on the Earth. It is, however, emitted by the Sun, and has been accumulating on the surface of the Moon for billions of years. Estimates suggest that there are now over 1.1 million tonnes of helium-3 captured in the first few metres of lunar top soil, and that around one hundred tonnes of helium-3 could fuel our entire planet for a year. Helium-3 is therefore worth billions of dollars a tonne -- so making it potentially economic to mine from the Moon, even with current space technology.
To be commercially viable, any future helium-3 mining operation would have to excavate Moon rock and extract the gas from it on the lunar surface. Mining helium-3 -- or anything else -- on the Moon would therefore require the construction and operation of a significant industrial infrastructure. Such a facility could be powered by the Sun, and may in part be constructed from lunar materials. In fact, the European Space Agency has already funded experiments with a massive 3D printer that may build future lunar dwellings by spaying a binder onto successive layers of powdered Moon rock. This would rapidly produce a very strong and thick structure that would shield its occupants from cosmic rays.
Over the years, The United States, Russia and China have announced various intents to prospect for helium-3 on the Moon, and to set up potential mining operations. But at the time of writing, only China has remotely significant plans with its Chang’e lunar exploration program that has the goal of sending astronauts to the Moon by the early 2020s. This is discussed in more depth by Fabrizio Bozzato in this June 2014 article forThe Diplomat, which in turn is based on his far more extensive and excellent paper here. I also had a chat about the subject with the BBC a few weeks later, as you can hear here.
To avoid the problems inherent in transporting physical materials across 250,000 miles of space, future lunar colonies may beam pure energy directly to the Earth using either microwaves or lasers. Such energy could be generated either by nuclear power stations constructed on the Moon, or else by vast solar arrays manufactured from lunar materials and spread across great swathes of the lunar surface. If this ever happens, the Moon may become the next, great super-power -- dependent on the Earth for some supplies, but dominating its economy.
Our Inevitable Future
All of our endeavours to harvest off-world resources are going to be complex, risky and expensive. And yet, if we don't at least try to obtain resources from space, we face an inevitable future of increasing scarcity, mass depopulation, and relentless decline.
As we pursue the new industrial frontiers of space-based solar power, asteroid mining, and mining the moon, we may perhaps additionally bolster the human spirit by creating a thriving space tourism industry, and just possibly by landing the first human being on Mars. Unless we become extinct first, the destiny of human civilization has to be to evolve into space. The ideas outlined on this page, and in my accompanying "Resources from Space" videos, may therefore be just the beginning . . .
Humanity’s Future in Space Depends on Asteroid Mining
Humanity’s Future in Space Depends on Asteroid Mining
Alamy
IN BRIEF
Governments around the globe are teaming with private companies in order to make asteroid mining a reality. Experts assert that we could be engaged in mining operations within the next decade. Here's a breakdown of how we'll do it, and why we need to.
As Earth’s population continues to swell, the strain on our planet’s resources continues to grow. And although ecologists assert that we aren’t at the tipping point just yet, Earth has a finite amount of resources. Eventually, we are going to run out, so it makes sense to start planning for that inevitability now.
One of the most promising avenues? Space.
MINING THE COSMOS
Asteroid mining is an endeavor that aims to acquire natural resources from comets, asteroids, and minor planetary bodies in our solar system. In invokes images of Bruce Willis and Ben Affleck (two of the most well know asteroid miners from cinema); however, asteroid mining isn’t just the stuff of science fiction.
In fact, asteroid mining is quickly becoming a reality, and with good reason.
Want to know how asteroid mining will work? Click the image to see Futurism’s infographic.
According to NASA, the mineral wealth that can be found in the asteroid belt (the region of space that exists between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter) equals out to the equivalent of just about 100 billion dollars for every person on Earth today. That’s a lot of wealth, but more importantly, that’s a lot of resources—and resources (not monetary gains) is really what space mining is all about.
If you aren’t aware, getting materials from planet Earth to outer space takes an extravagant amount of fuel, and that means an extravagant amount of money. To that end, by acquiring raw materials from space itself, we could develop a host of space structures (such as colonies or space stations) and even generate rocket fuel, which will ultimately be needed if we ever hope to explore and colonize our solar system in a way that is economically viable.
As Planetary Resources CEO Chris Lewicki asserts, “Whether it’s the air we breathe, the water we drink, the materials that we build things with, or ultimately, of course, the food that we eat…all of these things are available to us on this planet, but when we head into space, we have to bring all of it with us. That of course, isn’t very scalable.” And to that end, NASA states that, in the 21st century, space exploration will be reliant upon what we can mine in the cosmos: “The metals and minerals found on asteroids will provide the raw materials for space structures, and comets will become the watering holes and gas stations for interplanetary spacecraft.”
To that end, a host of governments and private companies are already working on asteroid mining projects. Luxembourg recently established a €220 million fund for space mining projects; the United States signed the Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act into law (which recognizes the right of U.S. citizens to own asteroid resources); and private companies like Planetary Resources and Deep Space Industries have a number of technologies in production to help humanity mine the cosmos.
But how long will it really take us to get there?
ASTEROID MINING: A TIMELINE
Of course, there is a difference between passing laws and working on technology and actually having a functioning mining operation. However, Lewicki notes that such operations really aren’t that far away.
The timeline that we are really looking at is as soon as a decade from now.
“People think that this is something that will be a century away, or maybe something that their grandkids might see,” Lewicki asserts, “but people already doing this. We already have two spacecrafts in orbit around asteroids, and in the first half of the 2020s, we anticipate that we will [Planetary Resources will] be touching on the surface of the nearest asteroid and extracting the first really demonstrable amount of asteroid resources on site.”
That’s ten years away…just ten years until we’re mining our first asteroid. Of course, there are a lot of things that need to happen in order for this ten-year timeframe to be met, but we are well on our way.
The first concern is establishing clear regulations regarding asteroid mining. For example, who really owns asteroids, anyways? Can anyone just venture space with a flag and stake a claim?
Lewicki notes that, while such regulations will take some time to fully flesh out, we are already taking steps to cement laws regarding commercial operations in space: “The United States government has taken up this matter for the last couple of years, seeing how this industry was developing very rapidly. They created the first framework that identifies how we will deal with property rights, regulation, and ownership of things that are developed and obtained in space.”
This is the aforementioned Commercial Space Competitiveness Launch Act, and other nations are already launching similar initiatives. “The United States has led this, and now we’re seeing other countries, and other space programs, follow suit. Earlier this spring, the United Arab Emirates and their newly established space program described their intent to establish some policy related to space resources and space mining, and just last week, the deputy prime minister and the prime minister of Luxembourg announced a very large initiative that the country there is starting, and we’re collaborating with them in that activity, and they are going to form a new space policy which helps create a framework that supports the development of the industry.”
So it seems that the only real hurdle will be developing the necessary technology.
SO HOW VIABLE IS IT, REALLY?
One of the major concerns with asteroid mining is, of course, getting to the asteroids.
As was previously mentioned, a great number of the asteroids in our solar system exist in a belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. And alas, that’s kind of far away. In fact, it’s about 330 million km (204 million miles). For comparison, the Moon is 384,000 km (238,000 miles) away from Earth. Fortunately, as Lewicki asserts, we may not have to go quite that far in order to get to find viable asteroids for mining.
“Asteroids are actually the most accessible destinations once you go out of low-Earth orbit, and a lot of people aren’t aware of that. They think of asteroids as something between Mars and Jupiter, and that’s very, very far away. But that’s the great benefit of the near-Earth asteroids. There are now 14,000 that have already been discovered, and a few thousand of those actually are far easier to make the journey to-and-from.”
And while asteroid mining may seem like an enormous leap, it is important to remember that, just like the first Moon landing, advancements take place in measured steps. Lewicki outlines the stages that Planetary Resources has planned, noting that this incremental process is meant to be self-sustaining: “We have been approaching this audacious idea with an approach where we make progress at every point on the way, and we even actually generate revenue and create businesses at every step. We have done work for the U.S. government, for NASA with technology development, for DARPA, and we’ve supported a number of private companies with some of the technologies that we’re developing. It’s a scaling up process, and we have the opportunity to demonstrate, and test, and even make money as we do that along the way.”
Ultimately, technologies for asteroid prospecting are already set for testing on Earth. Planetary Resources is launching Ceres, a series of Arkyd 100 satellites that will be carrying out advanced imaging of Earth. The sensors, which will eventually be used to prospect asteroids, are going to be used to deliver intelligence regarding the natural resource material on any spot on the planet.
By 2019, the company plans to have a constellation of 10 Arkyd 100 microsatellites in low-Earth orbit, equipped with mid-wave infrared and hyperspectral sensors that can track water content, crop growth, oil and gas leaks, and even forest fires.
And so, it seems, the era of space mining is already well underway, bringing us one step closer to a truly viable space industry.
An infrared web cam observing a volcano in Mexico captured remarkable footage of a veritable fleet of glowing objects that have left viewers guessing as to their nature.
The incident, culled from a livestream video of the Popocatepetl volcano, begins at around 25 seconds into the footage when a handful of glowing orbs come into view.
This initial cadre seemingly gives way to dozens more of the anomalous objects which fill the screen as they fly in all directions.
And then, just as quickly as the swarm formed, it dissipates down to one lone glowing orb that eventually flies away.
Observers have offered a variety of explanations for the enigmatic footage, with skeptics suggesting that the 'UFOs' are only insects or dust from the volcano.
And, to their credit, it certainly does appear that whatever was filmed over the volcano seemed less like an organized group of UFOs and more like some form of mother nature.
However, ET enthusiasts argue that the infrared aspect of the video is key, since they believe that people otherwise would not have been able to see the 'craft.'
Perhaps the two camps can split the difference and decide that the orbs were actually just fairies observing the majesty of Mt. Popocatepetl, like the ones allegedly spotted in Wales last week.
The infrared webcam may be akin to a similar tactic for UFO observation that has become increasingly popular over the last few years: night vision goggles.
Coast Insiders can learn about that burgeoning field of research by checking out previous appearances on the program by the late Ed Grimsley, who many credit with pioneering the technique.
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As tim goes by: UFOs and Time Distortion
By Tim Swartz
For most people, spotting a UFO would be considered extremely unusual, but for two Ohio women, seeing a UFO was the least surprising part of their experience.
In June 2001, two sisters, Angie Whitmeyer and Deborah Simmons, were returning from a day of shopping in Dayton, Ohio, when a strange light in the sky caught their attention.
“We were heading home to Kingman, Ohio, on State Road 73,” Deborah recalled. “It was a beautiful evening around 8:30 p.m., the air was warm and the sky crystal clear. Angie was driving and I was watching the scenery go by when I noticed a bright light in the western sky.”
Deborah watched in amazement as the light grew in intensity and flew towards the car at an incredible speed.
“Deborah asked me what that weird light was,” said Angie. “But we were close to Caesar Creek Lake and the road was pretty dark so I wasn’t paying a lot of attention to it. But then it flew right in front of us so I couldn’t miss it.”
The bright light soared past the car and hovered over the nearby treetops, casting an eerie glow over the entire area. Whitmeyer pulled the car over onto the side of the road so they could get a better look at the unusual object.
Deborah was shocked by how large and close the UFO was to them: “The light was so bright and white that you couldn’t see any shape behind it. But we could tell it was pretty big, at least as big as a house. The funny thing was that I couldn’t hear any sort of engine like you would normally hear with an airplane or helicopter. It was completely silent.” Suddenly, another, identical bright light swooped down from the sky and hovered a short distance away. The two sisters decided the situation was becoming too strange and tried to drive away.
“That’s when I discovered that the car had stopped and I couldn’t restart it,” Angie said. “Nothing worked, the lights, the radio, it was completely dead.”
The two women also noticed an odd silence had descended over the area, accompanied by a strange feeling of isolation. Angie remembered that it seemed as if they were the only people in the world.
“I don’t remember seeing another car come by during the entire time we were there, which is really weird because at that time of an evening there’s always traffic on that road. And it was just dead silent outside, no birds, nothing. It was as if we were in another world.”
Uncertain what to do next, Angie and her sister continued to watch the strange pair of lights, when, unexpectedly, both objects shot straight up and disappeared into the night sky. The area was plunged into darkness, and oddly enough, the normal sounds of the night came back almost as if switched on.
“As soon as the lights flew away,” Deborah said, “the car started running again all by itself. The lights and radio were on just as they were before everything happened.”
According to their watches, the strange encounter had lasted more than 20 minutes. However, when they arrived home, Deborah’s husband seemed unconcerned about what they thought was a late arrival. That’s when they discovered that instead of being after 9:00 p.m., as their wristwatches indicated, it was only 8:35 p.m.
“It was as if the entire time we spent looking at those lights had never happened,” Angie said. “But it did happen, our watches both showed we had been stuck out there for over 20 minutes, but somehow we gained that time back with a few minutes to spare. Normally we should have been home at around ten to nine, but somehow, despite what had happened, we got there early.”
Distortions in Time and Space
One of the strangest aspects of some UFO encounters is the apparent distortion of time when a UFO is nearby. Researchers and writers have tried for years to understand and to interpret what happens before, during, and after a close contact with a UFO. But, many reports of time anomalies have been kept off some UFO databases because such events fall outside of the preconceived notions of what a UFO sighting should entail.
Like the two Ohio sisters, others who have experienced a close contact with a UFO have reported apparent time distortions like the failure of car engines, a strange feeling of isolation (to the point where it is observed that no other vehicles or people are seen during the sighting), unusual silence, spatial changes, altered states of consciousness, and distortions in the flow of time.
Generally, these anomalies disappear along with the UFO. Occasionally, however, the witnesses will suffer from unexpected relapses weeks, even years, after the initial experience.
These anomalous events have created more headaches than answers for researchers who have attempted to find scientific validation for unusual UFO encounters. On the surface, some of the reported anomalies seem to be explainable using modern science. However, upon closer analysis, strange things tend to become even stranger.
Failure of Car Engines
The disruption of car motors, machinery, and electronic devices during a UFO event has been commonly reported. Thousands of these inexplicable stories have been duly recorded over the years and many volumes have been written in an attempt to understand the underlying principles involved.
Mark Rodeghier of the Center for UFO Studies analyzed 441 cases in which “the car, truck, or other motor vehicle in which a witness was either riding or in near proximity to, was seemingly affected by the presence of a UFO. Headlights, radios and even flashlights were also affected.”
Of the vehicle failure cases summarized by Rodeghier, ten percent noted an unusual phenomenon called “spontaneous engine restarts” at the end of a sighting. In reality, this figure is probably much higher considering the amount of underreported and underdocumented cases worldwide.
In these cases the car’s engine would mysteriously restart without the driver turning the key. One witness said: “As soon as the UFO flew away, the car, radio, headlights, switched back on by themselves. One second everything was completely dead, and the next, everything was running smoothly as if nothing had ever happened.”
The witness said he was left with the feeling that his car had been stopped between the ticks of a clock: “Like time had completely vanished.”
The Oz Effect
Another notable feature of many cases is the sudden unusual silence and an overwhelming feeling of isolation in the proximity of a UFO. Many people have noted that normal sounds—birds, insects, traffic—suddenly stop just before and during a close UFO sighting. A man from Wisconsin reported that he had observed a UFO hovering over the treetops directly over his head once while deer hunting. He stated that the day had been windy and the trees were swaying and creaking pretty loudly in the breeze. What made him look up was the fact that all of a sudden the forest went “completely dead.”
He noted that the trees had stopped moving as if “frozen in place.” That is when he noticed a strange, dark, triangle-shaped object floating over the trees.
“It was a little bigger than a pickup truck and was solid black. I didn’t see any lights or hear any kind of sound from it.”
The hunter reported feeling like he was “looking up through a tunnel with me at the bottom and the UFO at the top. I knew that I was completely alone and that no one could help me.”
As soon as the UFO passed overhead the forest returned to normal.
The experience of such unusual sensations around a UFO has been dubbed “the Oz Effect” by UFO researcher and author Jenny Randles, and may indicate that there could be a field of influence that is being emitted around a UFO. Anyone close enough to a UFO would find himself completely contained within this field. The odd effects noticed by eyewitnesses could give us some kind of indication of the true nature of these energy fields. Unfortunately, anecdotal accounts of UFO experiences have rarely been followed up with rigorous studies of their content.
UFOs and Time
Scientists brave (or foolhardy) enough to try and conduct proper research on the nature of UFOs have been unable to find satisfactory answers as to why UFOs seem to cause time distortions. Past interpretations of Einstein’s physics leave little room for localized time anomalies, unless influenced by a gravitationally massive object such as a black hole.
However, the new kids on the physics block, quantum and string theories, may show that time and space are easier to influence than was previously thought. Some physicists believe that it is possible to engineer space-time itself and to surround a spaceship with a local space-time in such a way that locally, the light barrier remains intact, while from the outside the ship is moving at faster-than-light velocity. UFOs that seem to rapidly accelerate, change direction, or even disappear are actually operating conservatively from the viewpoint of their own internal time rates.
If someone or something came close enough to a ship that was creating its own space-time, normal time and space, as they know it, would cease to exist for them, and they would come under the influence of the artificial space-time.
This could explain some of the stranger aspects of UFO encounters, such as environmental sounds disappearing, isolation, the freezing of motors and electronic devices, and the feeling of time slowing down, stretching out, and losing all meaning. The UFO is literally creating an alteration in the local state of space-time, thus generating a major distortion effect that is experienced by the witness. Within this time anomaly the perceived forward motion of time could even disappear, allowing for the past, present, and future to intrude upon one another.
A Glimpse of the Past
In 1981, Linda Taylor and her mother were traveling by car to Chorlton, a district of Manchester, England. The normally busy road became strangely empty and the two women noticed a huge light in the sky that seemed to pace their car.
Linda told investigators that her car “jerked about” and slowed down despite her attempts to accelerate. Suddenly, an “old-fashioned” car appeared in the road ahead and drove straight towards the two women. At the same time the light in the sky turned into a metal disc that hovered over the main road.
As the UFO moved away from Taylor and her mother, the old car vanished instantly. When the women returned home they found that two hours were missing from their trip. As with some others who have had close UFO encounters, Linda later had several odd psychic experiences and further time lapses.
Time distortions may not always occur with a visible UFO nearby. In 1980, Peter Rojcewicz, now a professor of humanities and folklore at New York’s Juilliard School, was in the University of Pennsylvania library reading a UFO book suggested by another professor.
As he read, Rojcewicz noticed that someone was standing in front of him. Looking up, Rojcewicz saw a very gaunt, pale man, about six feet tall and weighing around 140 pounds. The strange man wore a black suit, black shoes, a black string tie, and a bright white shirt. His suit was loose and it looked as though he had slept in it for days.
“He sat down like he had dropped from the ceiling—all in one movement—and folded his hands on top of a stack of books in front of him,” Rojcewicz said. The man asked Rojcewicz what he was doing. Rojcewicz said he was reading about flying saucers.
“Have you seen a flying saucer?” the man asked. Rojcewicz said he hadn’t.
“Do you believe in the reality of flying saucers?” Rojcewicz said he didn’t know much about them and wasn’t sure he was very interested in the phenomena.
The man screamed: “Flying saucers are the most important fact of the century and you are not interested?”
The man then stood up, again, all in a single awkward movement, put his hand on Rojcewicz’s shoulder, and said: “Go well on your purpose.” With that, he left.
Rojcewicz was suddenly overwhelmed by fear: “I had a sense that this man was out of the ordinary and that idea frightened me. I got up and walked around the stacks toward where the reference librarians usually are. The librarians weren’t there. There were no guards there—there was nobody else in the library…I was utterly alone and terrified.”
The professor went back to the table where he had been reading “to get myself together. It took me about an hour. Then I got up and everything was back to normal; the people were all there.”
It would seem that Rojcewicz could have been placed into a separate time-space field in order for his contact to occur. The entire episode may have occurred in the blink of an eye in normal time-space. But for Rojcewicz, an entire hour passed.
One gentleman, who reported his alleged UFO abduction on an Internet forum, said that when he was being returned from an abduction to the motel room where he was staying, he “noticed that there was a person in the parking lot below us (myself and several ‘Grays,’ were ‘floating’ in mid-air so I had a bird’s eye view of the surroundings,) [who] seemed to be frozen in mid-step. Everything was dead quiet and nothing was moving. It was as if time had stopped or frozen for the few moments it took for them to transport me from a UFO back to my room that was located on the second floor of the motel.”
These interesting cases show that there is still a lot we have to learn from UFO reports. Investigators need to be willing to look beyond the traditional “by-the-book” questions and allow the witnesses to relate their entire experience—no matter how unusual it may be. Many researchers and databases fail to mention some of the stranger aspects of UFO encounters because they don’t fit a particular belief system or bias. We can learn much more if researchers put aside their own personal feelings and allow the full information to come forward.
Currently, any theories and conclusions are really little more than speculation. Nevertheless, scientists who are not afraid to look beyond the norm are every day developing new concepts in physics and the true nature of reality.
Tim Swartz is an Emmy-Award winning television producer and videographer. As a photojournalist, Swartz has traveled the world investigating paranormal phenomena and other mysteries. Swartz is also the author of a number of popular books including The Lost Journals of Nikola Tesla, and is the writer and editor of the popular Internet newsletter Conspiracy Journal.
Men in black have been popping up for awhile, usually whenever someone claims to have recently sighted a UFO. Shortly after each sighting, the person in question is visited by strange men who usually wear black suits, black ties, and white shirts.
The details and motives sometimes vary, but even stranger are the variations in the descriptions of the men in question. While some tales simply describe them as cold, aloof gentlemen wearing black suits, others say that they get an uncanny vibe from those who visit them. The stories tell of men who are unnaturally bald, men who talk in an almost robotic voice and wear lipstick over lipless mouths. Some suggest that they are from another world, disguising themselves as humans to learn our ways. Others believe that they are experimental cyborgs in the employ of the government. The truth behind the men in black is still shrouded in mystery, and we may never know the identity of these strange stalkers.
10. The Telepathic Encounter
A man known only as Larry claims that one night he was drifting off to sleep when he was contacted by a strange presence who communicated with him telepathically. This weird presence explained that he was not from Earth, but beyond that he gave no reason for contacting Larry. Somewhat skeptical, Larry asked the presence to provide some proof of its existence beyond simply sending thoughts into his head—he wanted a face-to-face meeting. The presence agreed to provide him with further proof—he would show up during the day when Larry was with his best friend.
Larry wasn’t sure what to make of the entire thing the next day, and while he continued on with life as usual, he obsessed about the dream for months afterward. Eventually, he caught up with his buddy at an Independence Day celebration at a nearby park. As Larry was talking with his friend, a black van pulled up nearby and two black-clad men got out. Two more similarly dressed men exited the van after them, but they did not appear to be entirely human in shape. The strange men sat down at a nearby picnic table, looked over at Larry, and then reentered their van and left just as mysteriously as they had arrived. Larry never found out why they had contacted him.
9. The Teleporting MIBs
Albert Bender was the director of an amateur organization called the International Flying Saucer Bureau and he believed that he had finally blown the lid off the whole flying saucer thing. He had his own publication calledSpace Review in which he planned to spread his discovery. After compiling all of his collected wisdom on the matter, he mailed it to a friend to look it over before he unveiled it to the world. Unfortunately, this attracted the attention of the men in black, who decided that it was time to pay him a visit and prevent him from leaking all their secrets to the world.
A couple days later, Bender was on his bed when he suddenly had a dizzy spell. He noticed several dark shapes in the room with him that slowly materialized into men in black suits with black hats obscuring their eyes and faces. He noticed in particular that the men’s eyes lit up with an incredible glow and they seemed capable of speaking directly to his mind. They made him promise to destroy his findings and cease all of his research into the subject—Bender was so scared that he was only too happy to comply.
8. Alleged Men In Black Caught On Video
A video was captured of two men in black who allegedly entered a hotel in Canada and started asking questions about one of the hotel employees. The stories say that the employee in question had recently seen a UFO and had told others about his experience. Not long after, these two men showed up at his place of employment. Luckily for him, he was not working during their visit.
According to witness accounts, the men were asking people not only about the employee in question, but also about conspiracies in general. They had no eyebrows or eyelashes, strange, hypnotic eyes, bald heads possibly disguised by wigs, and clothes that seemed to be meant for fitting in, but somehow were just enough out of place to raise alarm bells. These two men were definitely caught on camera—the question is whether they were clandestine government agents, beings from another world in disguise, or simply the product of a clever hoax. Regardless of the answer, there is something hair-raising about two men in suits walking into a hotel in the middle of the day and asking strange questions about one of the employees, then leaving as mysteriously as they came.
7. A Postal Worker’s Terrifying Experience
An anonymous postal worker from Washington, DC was out delivering mail one day when he decided to stop and eat an apple. When he was finished, he looked around for a trash can and, finding none, decided to just toss it onto the ground. Before he could leave the area, a security guard approached and lectured him for his negligence, explaining that the entire building and surrounding grounds were under constant surveillance. The postal worker thought about this, along with the fact that he already had to be buzzed in to deliver the mail, and began thinking that there was more to this place than met the eye.
Awhile later, he was out on his usual delivery run when he came by the foreboding building again. This time, he saw three men walking toward the building, except they didn’t appear to be like men. They waddled when they walked instead of putting one foot in front of the other, and they wereabnormally thin—it was this thinness more than anything that frightened him.
Though shaken, he decided to soldier on and march his way up to the door to deliver the mail. When he entered, he found a group of men who began questioning him about what he had seen moments earlier. He was flabbergasted and unable to respond until one of the strange beings who he had seen earlier sidled up near him, at which point he felt even more terrified. After more grilling by the men in the room, and after repeating that he had seen nothing at all, he was allowed to leave. His mail route was changed shortly afterward.
6. The Man In Black Who Liked To Hang Out
In most stories, the men in black are malevolent, intimidating entities who only appear briefly after someone sees something they weren’t supposed to. But that’s not always the case. In one account, a woman claims that when she was a child her engineer father was regularly visited by a man in black who went simply by the name Lev. This man was completely bald, which she noted was very odd during her time. When she went to shake his hand, the skin was impossibly smooth, as if he had no hair whatsoever on his body.
The man constantly wore his trademark dark suit, glasses, and hat, even on scorching summer days. He was known for hanging around several engineers in the area, and her father always visited him in a little house near the local supermarket. The woman who tells the story says that she is sure her father knew Lev was an alien, although she never figured out what they talked about during their meetings.
5. A Visit To The State Department
An anonymous man related a tale of a strange experience he had while sightseeing in Washington, DC. Without realizing that there really wasn’t anything of interest for a civilian to see, he wandered into the State Department building. He meandered through the lobby for awhile until security became suspicious of him and headed over to usher him out of the building. However, before they could do so, he saw something that he would never forget.
The elevator opened and five men got out. Two of them were very businesslike and wore gray suits that were formal, but hardly remarkable beyond that. What drew his attention were the other three men in their escort. These men wore black hats pulled low over their eyes and long, black trench coats, even though it was the middle of the summer. The appearance seemed so strange that our observer could only describe it as “cartoonish.”
As they were walking by, one of the strange men lost his footing on the marble floor and fell to the ground, dropping his portfolio in the process. Upon helping him up, he noticed that the man’s legs seemed extraordinarily weak and it felt like there was a thick layer of wool underneath his suit. Even stranger, the man’s expression never appeared to change at all, despite falling onto the hard marble floor. Near the dropped portfolio, he found a small coin with words written in no language he could identify—one side depicted a man with features like a wolf and the other had navigational lines and two crescent moons.
4. The Men In Gray
Normally, the sneaky men who appear after UFO sightings are dressed all in black, but in one tale from Essex, England, they chose gray suits. William Shearer claimed to have seen a UFO, and a few days later two men showed up at his house. One of the men stayed by the car and maintained an intimidating presence while the other grilled Shearer about his experience. On this first visit, however, the man seemed more concerned with gaining permission to enter Shearer’s home than the answers Shearer was giving him.
The men spoke in a strange voice that seemed flat and expressionless and had extremely pale skin. This, along with the oddly intimidating behavior, was enough to scare Shearer and he chose not to let them into his house. Unfortunately for him, his experience was not yet at an end. The men ominously proclaimed that they would visit him again and, not long after, they turned up at his work. They made it clear that they wanted to talk about UFOs and once again asked permission to enter. When Shearer turned them down again, the men vanished and never returned—although Shearer believes that since then his phone has been tapped.
3. The Mystery Of The Loch
Loch Ness has always been a place of mystery and intrigue. Many people believe that the depths of the lake contain a primordial creature from the early days of the Earth and some have dedicated their lives to proving its existence. One man named Frederick Holiday was well known for being passionate about the study of cryptozoology and had spent years looking for evidence of creatures in the lake. Perhaps paranormal phenomena are more connected then we might have thought, because while out investigating the lake for the Loch Ness monster, Holiday had an experience that he would never forget.
Holiday looked up on a hill near the lake and spotted a strange man dressed in a black suit. While it wasn’t remarkable for people to sightsee along the lake, Holiday was struck by the fact that the man seemed to be looking directly at him. He was profoundly disturbed and reported feeling malevolence from the being that was staring him down. Before he could do anything, there was a bizarre noise and the man was gone as mysteriously as he had appeared. Just one year later, Holiday was back at the Loch for further studies when he had a heart attack—as he was being carried to the ambulance, he passed over the exact place where the strange man had been standing.
2. The Angry MIB
A professor of folklore named Peter Rojcewicz told of an experience that occurred one night in the college library while he was reading a book on UFOs that had been recommended to him by a colleague. He was just relaxing in a chair and reading his book when he noticed what appeared to be a leg and a shoe out of the corner of his eye. Before he knew it, there was a man sitting in a chair in front of him. The man immediately asked Rojcewicz about the book he was reading and questioned him on whether he had seen UFOs or was at all interested in the phenomenon.
When the professor stated that he wasn’t really that interested in the subject to begin with and was only reading the book to satisfy the suggestion of a colleague, the man became enraged and angrily asked him how he could not be interested in “the most important facts of the century.” Seemingly satisfied that the professor was not going to dig into the world of UFOs, the man left, but not before telling the professor to “go well on his purpose.” However, while it seems like this would be the end of it, it’s here that the story takes a turn for the extra creepy.
After the encounter, Rojcewicz got up to walk around the library. However, none of the librarians were anywhere to be seen. The same went for the guards and all the patrons. In fact, as far as he could tell, the library was completely deserted except for him. The professor returned to his chair in an attempt to gather his wits. In about an hour, according to the professor, he decided to get up and look around again—and this time he found that everything was as it should be.
1. The Stranded Photographer
Back in the 1960s, Jim Templeton took a photo of his daughter near Burgh Marsh, and before long it made big news. You might have heard of this photo as the Solway Firth Spaceman, which captures what looks like an unexplained figure in an astronaut outfit in the background. Stranger then the photo is the experience that Templeton had shortly after taking it. He was at work when a car arrived with two men who claimed to be working for the government. When asked, they refused to identify themselves beyondthe codes #9 and #10. Even though their badges pointed to no specific government agency, Templeton agreed to get in the car with them and drive back to the Marsh to answer their questions.
The questions were pretty strange. Apart from the expected ones, like where it had happened and whether there were any other witnesses, they also wanted to know about the weather conditions and the behavior of the animals in the area. Templeton told the men that the domestic animals in the area had seemed scared on the day in question and had huddled together for protection.
It was after stating this that the men became much more hostile toward Templeton and started questioning the validity of his story. Of course, Templeton would not go to all this trouble simply to admit defeat, even if his story wasn’t entirely honest, and claimed that he was indeed telling the truth as far as he knew it. The men seemed to be unconvinced and headed back to their car. They drove off and simply left the baffled photographer in the dust to find his own way home.
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26-06-2016
Adviseur Pentagon: “Aarde wordt als basis gebruikt door aliens”
Adviseur Pentagon: “Aarde wordt als basis gebruikt door aliens”
Een steeds terugkerend thema rond het UFO-fenomeen is dat van de contacten tussen aliens en aardbewoners. Timothy Good, een ex-adviseur van het Pentagon, toont in deze lezing aan dat veel van de beweringen een gemeenschappelijke rode draad van waarheid bevatten die duidt op contact tussen aliens en aardbewoners.
Eén van de belangrijkste – en meest controversiële – conclusies van Good is dat de aarde als basis wordt gebruikt door aliens.
De voormalig Pentagon-adviseur beweerde enige tijd terug in het BBC-programma Opinionated nog dat de Amerikaanse oud-president Dwight D. Eisenhower drie keer een geheime bespreking heeft gehad met buitenaardse wezens.
Telepathische berichten
De 34e president van de VS sprak de aliens in 1954 op de Holloman Air Force Base, een afgelegen vliegbasis in New Mexico. Eisenhower en enkele hooggeplaatste personen van de FBI communiceerden met de buitenaardsen door middel van ‘telepathische berichten’, aldus Good.
Volgens de Huffington Post gaan er al jaren geruchten rond over de mysterieuze ontmoetingen, maar was het dit keer voor het eerst dat een prominent persoon als Good deze bevestigt. Bij de drie ontmoetingen in New Mexico zouden veel meer getuigen aanwezig zijn geweest.
Kolossale doofpot
Timothy Good vertelde tijdens het BBC-programma dat de aliens een ‘Scandinavisch’ uiterlijk hadden. In een ondertekend verdrag zouden ze ‘Greys’ worden genoemd.
De Brit suggereert dat Washington sinds 1947 niet alleen een kolossale doofpot beheert, maar ook geconserveerde lichamen van buitenaardsen uit op Amerikaanse bodem neergestorte vliegende schotels.
Zijn onderzoek bevat een schat aan verbijsterende gegevens die voor een belangrijk deel nooit eerder gepubliceerd zijn. Hij onthult onder andere gevallen van op aarde gestrande UFO’s, opzienbarende ooggetuigenverslagen van militaire en burgerpiloten en topgeheime documenten.
If the Roswell incident had become so widespread, flying saucer might be so common in our language, experiences and novels, television programming, and films. How common is it for people to see a UFO? On April 24, 1964, at about ten a.m., Gary Wilcox was out on his 300-acre farm in New York, when he noticed an unusual object over the woods. Curious, the 27-year-old farmer drove his tractor for a closer look. As he drew closer, he was not sure how the oblong shaped object was suspended in the place. According to him, it bears a resemblance to an egg of 4 feet high, 20 feet long, and 16 feet wide.
It has a metallic body with an aluminum color. It has a smooth surface, without seams or rivets visible. There were no vibrations, sounds, nor was there heat or anything extraordinary. The groundbreaking encounter was when two 4 foot tall men came out; they were dressed in metallic and white suits. Frightened and anxious, Wilcox said that he did not mention anything. Wilcox claimed that beings told him not to be alarmed as they have spoken to humans before.
After two hours of talking, Wilcox learned that these beings were living in an atmosphere with thin air. They claimed to avoid congested areas, which is why they preferred operating green and clean areas. The men went back to their craft and then disappeared at an estimated distance of about 150 feet. Wilcox took a bag of fertilizer later in the afternoon and left it in a place where the UFOs landed. By the next morning, the fertilizer was gone. During their conversation, the beings told Wilcox their predictions of astronauts Virgil Grissom and John Glenn and the two Russian astronauts would die within a year due to exposure of elements in space. Three years after, it happened. Psychiatrist Dr. Berthold E. Schwarz was impressed with Wilcox’s evidence and background of stability, honesty, integrity, and intelligence.
Pyramid Made By a Mexican Farmer Was an Order from Alien
Pyramid Made By a Mexican Farmer Was an Order from Alien
Whether you believe in them or not, there have been too many sightings of Unidentified Flying Objects, Flying Saucers, or whatever you wish them to be like, that have been ignored. Among the most common stories were the spotted strange shaped object hovering in the sky, with or without bright lights. Around 1984, a 33-year old farmer claims that the alien visited him, and requested him to build a pyramid. The man asked the alien why it had to be a pyramid; the latter relate it to faith. Although the rationale is vague, he connects it to the winds and storms that were always pointing upwards.
He told me to build the temple in the form of a pyramid.
Recalling the moment, Herulayka warned him of the possible consequences that would take place when he will begin building the pyramid. First, it would appear an embarrassment on his part for building something without a clear explanation. Second, people will laugh at him because it seems an act of insanity. His alien visitor came from a place called Nefilin, the constellation of Orion which is about 20 times bigger than Earth. It was contended that people living in Nefilin look similar to human beings. His visitor has white hair with honey-colored eyes with tunic tied rope and barefoot. Before they met in person, Mr. Corona had seen aliens in his dreams. According to his visitor, humans were destroying the alien’s planet. As a result, humans should look after it like a child running for their survival. Monclova is more or less 600 miles from the most popular Roswell located in New Mexico, where the balloon of US Air Force surveillance crashed in 1947, hitting rumors of an alien spacecraft existence. Mexico is not only a good destination for travelers but has also become the most active country for alien sightings in the world.
You are not bound to believe that there could be bigger and better planet than earth because the statements were still a speculation as it has not been concluded at the point of human beings.
UFO Emerges From Cloud Over Port Angeles, Washington On June 4, 2016, Photos, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Emerges From Cloud Over Port Angeles, Washington On June 4, 2016, Photos, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: June 4, 2016 Location of sighting: Port Angeles, Washington, USA News source: MUFON #76808 UFOs that want to observe humanity need a place to hide, especially if the alien species doesn't look anything like us, because they can't just walk among us and blend it. So, some species observer from afar and use natures clouds to hide within. When no cloud cover exists, often they will make their own cloud. Incredible close and HD photo of a UFO in a cloud. This is also why if you are recording the sky, focus on the clouds and the edges of the clouds...thats where you will see them. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com Eyewitness states: While beachcombing w my gf in Poet Angeles, we observed a dark UFO emerge from a cloud over the harbor. We had been commenting on the oddness of the ling, thin, spirally dense cloud on a clear day, and were already photographing the cloud when the object emerged, as if on cue, "posed" as it were, for one shot then retreated back within the cloud.
Floating orb caught on IR Cam in basement In Colorado, June 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Floating orb caught on IR Cam in basement In Colorado, June 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News
Date of sighting: June 25, 2016 Location of sighting: Colorado This is an infrared camera which can catch entity orbs or cloaked UFOs because it can see IR light, something the human eye cannot. This is a great orb and its in Colorado, a place were giant glowing orbs are often seen over the Rocky mountains. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com Eyewitness states: "I've caught this about five times floating in my basement. It only happens early in the mornings, between 3am - 6am. Does anyone know what this is?"
A Waring To Humanity? Crop Circle Formation At Castle Hill, UK On June 6, 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News..
A Waring To Humanity? Crop Circle Formation At Castle Hill, UK On June 6, 2016, Video, UFO Sighting News..
Date of discovery: June 6, 2016 Location of discovery: Castle Hill, Wiltshire, UK Many of us believe that some crop circles were made by aliens trying to communicate a message to humanity though space and time. That even an attempt could change future events and save humanity. Its my personal believer that each one found in the same area is a word, and each word will appear at an evenly spaced moment of time from the last...just as we see at Castle Hill over the last few years. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com News states: The June 06, 2016 Castle Hill Crop Circle is in my opinion, a key crop circle, that affirms the return to and the continued focus on the future ritual dates of 9-23 and 9-24. By viewing the crop circle in a negative view, I was able to observe a subtle created and hidden sphere image, created within the image of the Castle Hill Crop Circle. It was this hidden sphere that allowed me to observe and to once again confirm the future intention of using two each 911 false flag events to create the needed time line, needed by the NWO Supercomputer, to ensure their future one world govt and one world domination of the world. The Castle Hill UK Crop Circle for me, marks a key set of dates in time, regarding the mega ritual of time manipulation, that I have been following and pursuing for many year.
Here is a really fascinating story about a UFO that looks like a train. Honestly, alien tech propulsion systems could make a mountain fly if you strapped enough of the alien tech to it, so yes, its possible. Scott C. Waring www.ufosightingsdaily.com
Inexplicata states: Argentina: Army Sergeant Sees a Train-Shaped UFO By Andrea Pérez Simondini Investigation conducted by Carlos Iurchuk Material by Osvaldo Sánchez In October 2010, researcher Carlos Iurchuck made a trip to the Chaco following the trail of cases experienced by military personnel. On October 9, he held a meeting with Osvaldo Sánchez, a researcher and broadcaster who is unquestionably the greatest compiler of case histories in that province. Osvaldo is a retired policeman who once held the rank of commissioner. He became interested in the UFO phenomenon as a result of the stories told by members of the police force, involving experiences in various parts of the Chaco. He has hosted the "Encuentros Cercanos con el Mas Alla" radio show for over 35 years, and after a personal interview, he was kind enough to give Carlos some material, including pages he had written years ago, describing local events as they were told to him. Thus, we share with you an even from the 1970s: "In the early morning hours of 1977 or 1978, perhaps during the months of October or November, the eyewitness, Army sergeant [name withheld], in the company of Mr. [name withheld], a well-known businessman in the province, were travelling along National Route 11 in a Ford Fairlane heading toward Resistencia. When they were north of Santa Fe, both men saw something resembling an "illuminated train" that crossed the road in complete silence and lost itself in the fields. "He said the object looked like "an arrow" and moved flush to the ground. The ghostly apparition startled them greatly. The person telling the story exclaimed - "look out for the train", although his companion replied that he was already aware of it. Once the moment was over, they stopped the car to remark on their sighting, realizing only then that no railroad tracks existed in that area. To this very day in 1993, the witnesses still wonder: "what was that?" [Translation (c) 2016 S. Corrales IHU with thanks to Andrea Pérez Simondini and Guillermo Giménez]
NASA Finds Neptune-Sized Planet Very Close to Home
NASA Finds Neptune-Sized Planet Very Close to Home
NASA/JPL-Caltech
IN BRIEF
NASA's Kepler Space Telescope, in its K2 extended mission, has found a newborn planet orbiting its star at very close proximity, causing astronomers to rethink theories that only old planets get that close to their host star.
Using the transit method, NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope on its extended K2 mission has found a newborn planet orbiting its star at a very close proximity, ten times closer than Mercury is to the Sun. It is one of the very few newborn planets found up to now.
The K2-33b is a bit larger than Neptune and makes a full orbit around its host star within five days. This is odd since theories propose that it would take hundreds of millions of years for a planet this size to end up as close to a star, and the K2-33b is presumed to be only around five to ten million years old. The planet was discovered by observing the star it orbits. Researchers noticed periods of dimming that came to be explained as K2-33b’s orbit. In studying the dimming, the planet’s size and orbital period could be determined.
The team says there are only two possible explanations for this. The planet could have taken hundreds of thousands of years to migrate to its current position through disk migration, or it could have formed where it is. The latter possibility will cause astronomers to rethink their theories. “After the first discoveries of massive exoplanets on close orbits about 20 years ago, it was immediately suggested that they could absolutely not have formed there, but in the past several years, some momentum has grown for in situ formation theories, so the idea is not as wild as it once seemed,” said Trevor David of Caltech in Pasadena, lead author of the study.
Next steps for the study of the planet include measuring its mass and density. These metrics can provide clues to the planet’s future.
Reference: Phobos: Facts About the Doomed Martian Moon
Reference:
Phobos: Facts About the Doomed Martian Moon
By Nola Taylor Redd, Space.com Contributor
NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter took this image of the larger of Mars' two moons, Phobos, from a distance of about 6,800 km (about 4,200 miles).
Credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
The Martian moon Phobos orbits only a few thousand miles above the Red Planet's surface. Its proximity to its planet is one of the reasons astronomers were unable to see the satellite until the late 19th century. In fact, the moon is getting closer to Marsover the centuries, and eventually will either break up or be pulled into the Martian surface.
Robotic probes on Mars' surface can see Phobos passing overhead:
Mars Orbiter sends first images of Mars' moon Phobos
In the early 17th century, German astronomer Johannes Kepler proposed that Mars might host two moons, given that it lay between the Earth and Jupiter, which were known to have one and four satellites. No evidence of such moons could be found. Although most people thought that Mars had no moons, American astronomer Asaph Hall performed a methodical study from the U.S. Naval Observatory in Washington, D.C., searching closer to the planet than previous surveys.
After searching without success, a frustrated Hall was about to give up, but his wife, Angelina, urged him to continue. The next night, August 12, 1877, he discovered the moon that would later be known as Deimos. Six days later, he found Phobos as well. The two moons lay so close to the planet that they were hidden by the glare of Mars. Asteroid-size, they are also two of the smallest moons in the solar system, with the larger Phobos 7.24 times as massive as its companion, Deimos.
In Greek mythology, Phobos was one of the sons of the god of war Ares (Mars to the Romans). The twin sons attended their father in battle. Phobos means fear (as in phobia), while Deimos means flight (especially in the sense of fleeing after a defeat), according to NASA.
Exploring the moons
NASA's Mars rover Curiosity snapped this photo of the larger Martian moon Phobos during a Mars sky observing session. Phobos is Mars' larger moon, but only 14 miles across. Image released Sept. 26, 2012.
Credit: NASA/JPL
It took almost another century for scientists to begin to understand the two tiny Martian moons. In 1971, NASA's Mariner 9 spacecraft became the first manmade satellite to orbit another planet. Images from the craft revealed that both Phobos and Deimos have lumpy, potato-like shapes, rather than spherical like most moons. Observations of Phobos were limited by the tidal locking of the moon to the planet, resulting in the same side always facing outward.
As the exploration of continued, scientists were able to learn more information about the satellites circling Mars. The Viking orbiters flew by in the late 1970s. The Soviet Phobos 2 mission, NASA's Mars Global Surveyor, and the European Mars Express all provided more clues about the two curious moons. Rovers from the planet's surface even got in on the act, with Spirit, Opportunity, and Curiosity all providing images from the ground. NASA's MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution mission) has also imaged the moon to try to learn more about Phobos' composition.
In 2011, Russia attempted to send a mission to the Martian moon called Phobos-Grunt, which was supposed to come back to Earth in 2014 bearing a small sample of the moon. The spacecraft, however, was marooned in Earth orbit due to issues with its rocket. Phobos-Grunt fell back to Earth in early 2012 and crashed into the Pacific Ocean.
NASA may not be finished with Phobos yet. The space agency is considering the Phobos Surveyor mission, which would deploy small, hedgehog-like probes to the surface of the moon. The mission is funded under NASA's Innovative Advanced Concepts program, which looks at concepts that could be decades away from flight.
One of the competing concepts for NASA's next low-cost, Discovery-class mission selection (expected to be completed in 2016) would explore both Martian moons. Called PADME (Phobos And Deimos and Mars Environment), the spacecraft would try to figure out where the moons came from — the asteroid belt, by forming around Mars, or other scenarios. If selected, this mission would launch in 2020 and arrive in 2021.
Some human spaceflight proponents have also suggested NASA should land people on Phobos before Mars; NASA hopes to have a human mission sent there by the 2030s.
The examination of Phobos and its companion revealed more than their odd, non-spherical shapes. The two moons are dark gray in color, and heavily cratered. The moons are some of the darkest, least reflective objects in the solar system.
After observing the pair, scientists concluded that they were made of material similar to Type I or II carbonaceous chondrites, the material that makes up asteroids and dwarf planets. The composition and odd shape led some scientists to conclude that Phobos and Deimos came from the asteroid belt, with Jupiter's gravity long ago nudging them into orbit around Mars.
However, scientists aren't certain that the asteroid belt is the source of the moons' birth. Both have a nearly circular orbit unusual for captured objects. The thin atmosphere of Mars would have a hard time providing the necessary braking to settle the pair into their present-day orbits. Similarly, the moons are not as dense as objects in the asteroid belt.
Instead, the moons may have formed as satellites around Mars, with dust and rock drawn together by gravity.
A more violent birth may have occurred by collision. A large impactor smashing into the red planet could have sent pieces flying into the air, where gravity may have drawn them together. An existing moon might also have been destroyed, creating the rubble that later formed Phobos and Deimos.
Traveling only 3,700 miles (6,000 kilometers) above the Martian surface, Phobos flies around the Red Planet three times a day. Crossing the sky in about four hours, the moon appears to rise in the west and set in the east.
Many science fiction films feature large moons dominating alien skies, but despite its proximity to its planet, Phobos is only a third as wide as the full moon seen from Earth. On the other hand, Mars dominates the horizon of Phobos, taking up a fourth of the sky.
Doomed
But Phobos won't zip around Mars forever. The doomed moon is spiraling inward at a rate of 1.8 centimeters (seven-tenths of an inch) per year, or 1.8 meters (about 6 feet) each century. Within 50 million years, the moon will either collide with its parent planet or be torn into rubble and scattered as a ring around Mars.
The unusual characteristics of Phobos, including its decaying orbit, led some scientists in the 1950s and 1960s to conclude that it was artificial. One prominent proponent was the science adviser to President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Further examination revealed that the moon bears stronger resemblance to a rubble pile than an artificial satellite, and images sent back from orbiting craft show that it formed in nature.
On the surface
The larger of the two moons, Phobos has a diameter of 10 by 14 by 11 miles (17 by 22 by 18 km). The surface is covered with a dusty powder 3 feet (1 meter) thick, likely caused by meteor bombardment.
A large impact crater dominates the moon. Stretching nearly 6 miles (9.5 km), Stickney Crater covers most of the surface. The impact that formed it likely caused many secondary impacts, as rocks flew up and fell back to Phobos. The crater bears the maiden name of Hall's encouraging wife.
The moon is marred by long grooves. In 2015, a NASA-led study suggested that the grooves on Phobos are actually early signs of the moon breaking apart due to tidal stresses induced by Mars' gravity. Another theory stated that the grooves could be remnants of a huge impact that left behind the crater Stickney, but the grooves did not center on this crater. Another explanation is the moon's grooves could come from material displaced from Mars that hits Phobos' surface, which was espoused in an Open University study published in 2014.
Temperatures vary on Phobos, reaching highs of 25 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 4 degrees Celsius) during the day, while nights can be as cold as minus 170 degrees F (minus 112 degrees C).
The moon is so small that a 150-pound person standing on its surface would weigh only two ounces.
Facts about Phobos:
Radius of moon: 6.9 miles (11.1 km)
Semi-major axis around Mars (distance from planet's center): 5,826 miles (9,376 km)
Closest approach: 5,738 miles (9,234 km)
Farthest approach: 5,914 miles (9,518 km)
Orbit eccentricity: 0.0151
Orbit inclination: 1.075 degrees
Time to make one orbit: 7.65 hours
Mass: 1.0659 x 10^16 kg
Density: 1.872 g/cm^3
Surface gravity: 0.0057m/s^2
Escape velocity: 25 mph (41 km/h)
Additional reporting by contributor Elizabeth Howell.
Reference: Phobos: Facts About the Doomed Martian Moon
Reference:
Phobos: Facts About the Doomed Martian Moon
By Nola Taylor Redd, Space.com Contributor
NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter took this image of the larger of Mars' two moons, Phobos, from a distance of about 6,800 km (about 4,200 miles).
Credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
The Martian moon Phobos orbits only a few thousand miles above the Red Planet's surface. Its proximity to its planet is one of the reasons astronomers were unable to see the satellite until the late 19th century. In fact, the moon is getting closer to Marsover the centuries, and eventually will either break up or be pulled into the Martian surface.
Robotic probes on Mars' surface can see Phobos passing overhead:
Discovery and name
In the early 17th century, German astronomer Johannes Kepler proposed that Mars might host two moons, given that it lay between the Earth and Jupiter, which were known to have one and four satellites. No evidence of such moons could be found. Although most people thought that Mars had no moons, American astronomer Asaph Hall performed a methodical study from the U.S. Naval Observatory in Washington, D.C., searching closer to the planet than previous surveys.
After searching without success, a frustrated Hall was about to give up, but his wife, Angelina, urged him to continue. The next night, August 12, 1877, he discovered the moon that would later be known as Deimos. Six days later, he found Phobos as well. The two moons lay so close to the planet that they were hidden by the glare of Mars. Asteroid-size, they are also two of the smallest moons in the solar system, with the larger Phobos 7.24 times as massive as its companion, Deimos.
In Greek mythology, Phobos was one of the sons of the god of war Ares (Mars to the Romans). The twin sons attended their father in battle. Phobos means fear (as in phobia), while Deimos means flight (especially in the sense of fleeing after a defeat), according to NASA.
Exploring the moons
NASA's Mars rover Curiosity snapped this photo of the larger Martian moon Phobos during a Mars sky observing session. Phobos is Mars' larger moon, but only 14 miles across. Image released Sept. 26, 2012.
Credit: NASA/JPL
It took almost another century for scientists to begin to understand the two tiny Martian moons. In 1971, NASA's Mariner 9 spacecraft became the first manmade satellite to orbit another planet. Images from the craft revealed that both Phobos and Deimos have lumpy, potato-like shapes, rather than spherical like most moons. Observations of Phobos were limited by the tidal locking of the moon to the planet, resulting in the same side always facing outward.
As the exploration of continued, scientists were able to learn more information about the satellites circling Mars. The Viking orbiters flew by in the late 1970s. The Soviet Phobos 2 mission, NASA's Mars Global Surveyor, and the European Mars Express all provided more clues about the two curious moons. Rovers from the planet's surface even got in on the act, with Spirit, Opportunity, and Curiosity all providing images from the ground. NASA's MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution mission) has also imaged the moon to try to learn more about Phobos' composition.
In 2011, Russia attempted to send a mission to the Martian moon called Phobos-Grunt, which was supposed to come back to Earth in 2014 bearing a small sample of the moon. The spacecraft, however, was marooned in Earth orbit due to issues with its rocket. Phobos-Grunt fell back to Earth in early 2012 and crashed into the Pacific Ocean.
NASA may not be finished with Phobos yet. The space agency is considering the Phobos Surveyor mission, which would deploy small, hedgehog-like probes to the surface of the moon. The mission is funded under NASA's Innovative Advanced Concepts program, which looks at concepts that could be decades away from flight.
One of the competing concepts for NASA's next low-cost, Discovery-class mission selection (expected to be completed in 2016) would explore both Martian moons. Called PADME (Phobos And Deimos and Mars Environment), the spacecraft would try to figure out where the moons came from — the asteroid belt, by forming around Mars, or other scenarios. If selected, this mission would launch in 2020 and arrive in 2021.
Some human spaceflight proponents have also suggested NASA should land people on Phobos before Mars; NASA hopes to have a human mission sent there by the 2030s.
Formation and composition
The examination of Phobos and its companion revealed more than their odd, non-spherical shapes. The two moons are dark gray in color, and heavily cratered. The moons are some of the darkest, least reflective objects in the solar system.
After observing the pair, scientists concluded that they were made of material similar to Type I or II carbonaceous chondrites, the material that makes up asteroids and dwarf planets. The composition and odd shape led some scientists to conclude that Phobos and Deimos came from the asteroid belt, with Jupiter's gravity long ago nudging them into orbit around Mars.
However, scientists aren't certain that the asteroid belt is the source of the moons' birth. Both have a nearly circular orbit unusual for captured objects. The thin atmosphere of Mars would have a hard time providing the necessary braking to settle the pair into their present-day orbits. Similarly, the moons are not as dense as objects in the asteroid belt.
Instead, the moons may have formed as satellites around Mars, with dust and rock drawn together by gravity.
A more violent birth may have occurred by collision. A large impactor smashing into the red planet could have sent pieces flying into the air, where gravity may have drawn them together. An existing moon might also have been destroyed, creating the rubble that later formed Phobos and Deimos.
Traveling only 3,700 miles (6,000 kilometers) above the Martian surface, Phobos flies around the Red Planet three times a day. Crossing the sky in about four hours, the moon appears to rise in the west and set in the east.
Many science fiction films feature large moons dominating alien skies, but despite its proximity to its planet, Phobos is only a third as wide as the full moon seen from Earth. On the other hand, Mars dominates the horizon of Phobos, taking up a fourth of the sky.
Doomed
But Phobos won't zip around Mars forever. The doomed moon is spiraling inward at a rate of 1.8 centimeters (seven-tenths of an inch) per year, or 1.8 meters (about 6 feet) each century. Within 50 million years, the moon will either collide with its parent planet or be torn into rubble and scattered as a ring around Mars.
The unusual characteristics of Phobos, including its decaying orbit, led some scientists in the 1950s and 1960s to conclude that it was artificial. One prominent proponent was the science adviser to President Dwight D. Eisenhower. Further examination revealed that the moon bears stronger resemblance to a rubble pile than an artificial satellite, and images sent back from orbiting craft show that it formed in nature.
On the surface
The larger of the two moons, Phobos has a diameter of 10 by 14 by 11 miles (17 by 22 by 18 km). The surface is covered with a dusty powder 3 feet (1 meter) thick, likely caused by meteor bombardment.
A large impact crater dominates the moon. Stretching nearly 6 miles (9.5 km), Stickney Crater covers most of the surface. The impact that formed it likely caused many secondary impacts, as rocks flew up and fell back to Phobos. The crater bears the maiden name of Hall's encouraging wife.
The moon is marred by long grooves. In 2015, a NASA-led study suggested that the grooves on Phobos are actually early signs of the moon breaking apart due to tidal stresses induced by Mars' gravity. Another theory stated that the grooves could be remnants of a huge impact that left behind the crater Stickney, but the grooves did not center on this crater. Another explanation is the moon's grooves could come from material displaced from Mars that hits Phobos' surface, which was espoused in an Open University study published in 2014.
Temperatures vary on Phobos, reaching highs of 25 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 4 degrees Celsius) during the day, while nights can be as cold as minus 170 degrees F (minus 112 degrees C).
The moon is so small that a 150-pound person standing on its surface would weigh only two ounces.
Facts about Phobos:
Radius of moon: 6.9 miles (11.1 km)
Semi-major axis around Mars (distance from planet's center): 5,826 miles (9,376 km)
Closest approach: 5,738 miles (9,234 km)
Farthest approach: 5,914 miles (9,518 km)
Orbit eccentricity: 0.0151
Orbit inclination: 1.075 degrees
Time to make one orbit: 7.65 hours
Mass: 1.0659 x 10^16 kg
Density: 1.872 g/cm^3
Surface gravity: 0.0057m/s^2
Escape velocity: 25 mph (41 km/h)
Additional reporting by contributor Elizabeth Howell.
If Pluto's subsurface ocean had frozen over completely, it would have formed highly pressurized ice that would have caused the dwarf planet to shrink, according to new research. The canyons and valleys on Pluto seem to have formed as the dwarf planet swelled up, rather than as it shrank, indicating that a liquid ocean most likely sits beneath the thick ice crust today, researchers said in the study.
"Thanks to the incredible data returned by [NASA's New Horizons mission], we were able to observe tectonic features on Pluto's surface [and] update our thermal evolution model with new data," Noah Hammond, a graduate student at Brown University, said in a statement from the school. Hammond worked with his advisers — Amy Barr, of the Planetary Science Institute, and Marc Parmentier, also at Brown — to study the likelihood that a liquid ocean hides beneath Pluto's surface. [Pluto Has Ocean Beaneath Its Surface? Scientists Think So (Video)]
A wealth of oceans
When the New Horizons probe flew past Pluto last July, its images of the dwarf planet's surface revealed deep faults, or fractures in the surface, hundreds of kilometers long, according to the statement from Brown. The long canyons appeared to form as Pluto's crust expanded, Hammond said. "A subsurface ocean that was slowly freezing over would cause this kind of expansion," he said.
It didn't take long for scientists to conclude that Pluto once housed an ocean, but the question of whether it had already frozen over remained. Using updated measurements of Pluto's diameter and density, Hammond's model revealed that a frozen ocean beneath the crust would have changed from conventional water ice to a more compact, crystallized structure known as "ice II." As the ice changed, the frozen ocean would have shrunk, creating an entirely different type of feature known as compressional fractures, which are not seen on Pluto's surface.
Long geologic faults on Pluto's surface suggest that a liquid ocean once existed beneath its surface. New research suggests that ocean still splashes today.
Credit: NASA/JHUAPL/SwRI
"We don't see the things on the surface we'd expect if there had been a global contraction," Hammond said. "So we conclude that ice II has not formed, and therefore that the ocean hasn't completely frozen."
Ice II would have formed only if the dwarf planet's shell were at least 160 miles (260 kilometers) thick, putting sufficient pressure on the underlying ice, the statement said. Under the thinner shell, the ocean could have remained regular ice, not shrinking at all.
Hammond's model suggests that the shell might be closer to 190 miles (300 km) thick, thanks to high temperatures in the core, according to the paper. The addition of nitrogen and methane ice spotted on the surface of the tiny world may also help keep the water warm.
"Those exotic ices are actually good insulators," Hammond said.
That means oceans could lie not only inside tiny Pluto but also in other similar worlds in the far reaches of the Kuiper Belt, the sphere of ice and rock at the edge of the solar system.
"That's amazing to me," Hammond said. "The possibility that you could have vast liquid water ocean habitats so far from the sun on Pluto — and that the same could also be possible on other Kuiper Belt objects as well — is absolutely incredible."
The alien in Box 24; body intact and UFO wreckage – True or False?
The alien in Box 24; body intact and UFO wreckage – True or False?
The content of the alien in the Box is supposedly part of the wreckage recovered by Sergeant Lyan Macdersen, on October 5, 1948, near Clarkville, Kentucky.
All the recovered material was brought and stored in the Wright Patterson Air Force Base. The ship found in the impact site was associated with UFO observed by several witnesses on May 22 and September 27, 1948 near Hargensfield, New Jersey, and later slaughtered by order of Lieutenant Colonel Nathan F. Twining.
Alien in box 24
At the time Lieutenant Colonel Nathan F. Twining was Chief Command of the US Air Force Material and regarded very seriously the UFO subject. Is he authored the famous secret memorandum, dated September 23, 1947 on flying saucers – that is, two months after the Roswell – which tacitly claimed their superiors in Government: – “The reported phenomenon is something real and not something visionary or fiction. “
We continue then to the rest of the document box 24 …
CONTENT DESCRIPTION:
intact body of an alleged extraterrestrial humanoid in a state of mummification, dressed in a material protective clothing unidentified.
disk fragment, containing nine symbols observed in the event gray REF: (encoded)
Artifact unidentified described as transmitter and repeater high sound pulses at the time of redemption. The sound was recorded on site by Air Force Colonel REF: (encoded). “
So let’s look at the text point by point:
Intact body of an alleged extraterrestrial humanoid in a state of mummification.
And in this regard there is even to be discussed! Here, an overview of the secretive and “indigestible” box contents 24. Dressed in a unidentified material protective clothing – Yes, grants, and details of which can be best seen here:
disk fragment, containing nine symbols observed in the Event Gray REF: (encoded)
Of course such “Gray Event – coded” referred to CASE ROSWELL, occurred a year earlier, in New Mexico, precisely in 1947, where the wreckage of rugged alien ship cabin contained identical symbols!
Artifact unidentified described as transmitter and repeater high sound pulses at the time of redemption. The sound was recorded on site by Air Force Colonel REF: (encoded)
Here, possibly an artifact designed to automatically send signals to calls for help and rescue in case of accident with the ship – a typical security procedure of any advanced technology.
Yeah! And without any irony (or is ironically?), The document contained in Box 24, labeled TOP SECRET and with the observation: EYES ONLY (TOP SECRET) – which meant it could not be copied or disclosed, but read only by authorized personnel – does not make us incur any violation.
And now, visions close of the humanoid face gray and his hand with long fingers in claw form – absolutely everything very typical.observe the facial features, which can be clearly seen reliefs of veins and capillaries.
The truth
But my dear friends, this alien mysterious box of 24 is nothing more than the brilliant work artist Jacob Peterson , who produces many amazing oddities.
As Independence Day: Resurgence is released, we recall the 'Gateshead grey' aliens and UFO sightings over the decades
The Hollywood blockbuster Independence Day: Resurgence has arrived at the cinema.
As a $165m sequel to the original film, released 20 years ago, the newly-released action movie sees the Earth attacked by huge alien spaceships piloted by malign locust-like extraterrestrials bent on taking over our planet.
The stuff of extreme fantasy? Let’s hope so!
But since 1947, and the famous ‘Roswell’ incident in the United States - when a crashed flying saucer and its alien passengers were reportedly captured by the Army - sightings of UFOs around the world have been persistent and plentiful.
The UFO as it appeared when the camera was zoomed out (L) and zoomed in (R).
(Credit: Craig Lowther)
The North East has its own dossier of strange and unexplained phenomena, but do these strange appearances in our skies across the decades have a logical, mundane explanation - or has ET been paying sneaky visits to Geordieland?
A still from a video of what appears to be a UFO. It was captured on video in the North East sky by Craig Lowther, from Tynemouth
Here, we recall 14 intriguing UFO stories from the Chronicle’s archive.
1. In 1940, Robert Hall claimed to have been abducted by aliens from a back lane in Bensham, Gateshead. He was “taken on board a spaceship by a group of grey, horrible- looking creatures.”
2. In 1951, The Chronicle received numerous calls about a “flying pencil” in Newcastle and produced an artist’s impression.
3. During the 1960s, strange sightings in the sky over Gateshead included a sliver saucer the size of a car, shining pink discs, shimmering silver objects and a roving fireball.
4. In 1964, there were mysterious sights on Gateshead’s Leam Lane Estate. Three “egg-shaped” objects were reported in the night sky by a schoolboy. Children in the area later said they saw “little green men”.
5. In 1971, a retired teacher reported a giant object hovering over Alnwick Castle. She said: “It was shaped like a fat cigar, black and with a luminous green strip around its edge. It was easily the length of the castle in the sky. I was amazed.”
6. In 1972, the Chronicle carried a report about a massive silver-coloured flying saucer “as big as five or six jumbo jets” according to one witness, hovering over Westerhope.
A UFO sighted at Filey, North Yorkshire, 2005
7. Also in the 1970s, a Newcastle teacher saw a UFO heading east, high over Denton Bank: “It stopped just over the horizon and was stationary for about 10 seconds. Then it vanished in a low cloud, but left vapour trails visible for about seven minutes. It was a tremendous size.”
8. In 1977, a Flight Lieutenant based at RAF Boulmer reported seeing “bright objects hanging over the sea” including an object that was “luminous, round and four to five times larger than a helicopter”. Other servicemen observed the strange craft and reported the sighting to commanding officers.
9. In 1978, a 21-year-old nurse told us how she watched a small, “deafening” UFO that resembled a “cigar tin” glide between her house and her next-door neighbour’s in Killingworth.
10. In 1979, families in Ashington’s Woodbridge Estate ran into the streets to watch a “saucer-shaped” object hovering above their homes. It was described as a “large silver dome with yellow lights underneath”.
11. In 1980, a 61-year-old woman and her son, 25, were walking through a Jarrow park when, she says, they were “buzzed” by a flying two-foot glowing orange ball which hovered just a few feet away from them.
12. In 1981 , a Felling housewife told the Chronicle how she’d been terrified by a group of 12 two-feet tall “doll-like” aliens who appeared in her bedroom at 4 in the morning.
13. In 2004, a Gateshead vicar photographed a bright object hovering in the night sky. He said: “It was hovering from left to right, and was extremely smooth...then the light just turned off as if it was still there, but hidden.”
14. In 2015, a Tynemouth man filmed a dome-shaped object with pulsating lights hovering over the North East coast. Other people reported seeing the same UFO.
Do you have any “UFO” videos or pictures? We’d like to see them.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.