Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 12 YEARS AND 11 MONTHS.
ON 06/05/2024 MORE THAN 1.972.210
VISITORS FROM 134 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
04-06-2017
Don’t Panic, but Physicists in Australia Just Proved Reality Doesn’t Exist
Don’t Panic, but Physicists in Australia Just Proved Reality Doesn’t Exist
Get ready to have your mind blown. According to an experiment led by two physicists in Australia, reality doesn’t exist. Turn on, tune in, and drop out man, because the world as you know it is all kinds of weird, at least on a quantum level.
Andrew Truscott and Roman Khakimov of The Australian National University used atoms to put a John Wheeler delayed-choice thought experiment to practical use. The Wheeler thought experiments ask, in theory, at what point does an object decide to act like one thing or another.
Truscott and Khakimov’s team used what is assumed to be extremely expensive and complex scientific equipment to trap a single helium atom and then drop it through a pair of laser beams that formed a scattered grating pattern.
Another set of lasers was then added at random intervals to recombine the beams, which, on a quantum level, made it seem like the single atom had traveled two different paths along the beams. When the second set of lasers was taken away, the atom seemed as if it only chose to go on one beam.
Are you still with us? Does your head hurt? Quantum physics is known to do that.
According to Truscott, “If one chooses to believe that the atom really did take a particular path or paths, then one has to accept that a future measurement is affecting the atom’s past. The atoms did not travel from A to B. It was only when they were measured at the end of the journey that their wave-like or particle-like behavior was brought into existence.”
Instead of the common sense argument that the atom either went down one path or the other regardless of where it ended up, the quantum physics explanation says otherwise.
Whether you observed the atom going down one path or two only depends on how it was measured at the end of its micro-sized and kind of improbable journey, which in a sense means reality itself doesn’t exist unless you’re observing it.
If it makes you feel any better, this particular experiment is only feasible at the quantum level, and would be nearly impossible to apply to everyday life. But it also shows that fabric of space/time is absolutely nuts and hardly makes any sense. But don’t worry, reality doesn’t exist anyway.
NASA forced to respond after footage of ‘several UFOs’ behind astronaut on ISS emerges
NASA forced to respond after footage of ‘several UFOs’ behind astronaut on ISS emerges
US SPACE agency NASA has been forced from its usually tight-lipped stance on alien visitations after video allegedly showing several UFOs passing a window behind an astronaut on the International Space Station (ISS) emerged.
UFO hunters claimed the footage caught by cameras on board the ISS and released online by NASA was conclusive proof aliens exits.The video, uploaded to several UFO websites, shows Samantha Cristoforetti, an Italian European Space Agency astronaut, demonstrating how to operate window shutters at the ISS.But as she talks to the camera, several white objects appear to come shooting into view.Tyler Glockner posted the footage, uploaded on March 18, 2017, to his UFO sightings YouTube channel Secure Team.He described one of the unknown objects seen hurtling past the ISS as a “smoking gun UFO”.Secureteam10 describes itself as an “underground” research team that exposes the truth about extraterrestrial and UFO coverups.
It has been criticised by debunkers for knowing misrepresenting anomalies in videos, something it denies.
The UFOs (circled) which passed during the NASA ISS video.It is the latest in a string of claims by alien chasers that UFOs have been caught in the background of the ISS livestream cameras, but there is a major cover-up by NASA underway, with it often cutting off the cameras once one come into view.NASA, which says it has found no evidence yet of alien life during any of its missions, usually does not respond to such claims. This is possibly because so many are made.But, following the latest claims, the agency issued a statement.It said: “No unidentified objects in the popular sense have been seen from the International Space Station.“Reflections from station windows, the spacecraft structure itself or lights from Earth commonly appear as artifacts in photos and videos from the orbiting laboratory.”Last year veteran American astronaut Tom Jones also dispelled the myth.There were claims last year that an astronaut tried to block out a passing UFO with his hand.
He said: “Astronauts have not seen any evidence of alien life.
“Reports of unidentified flying objects in images returned from the shuttle or [space] station have turned out to be ice crystals, drifting orbital debris, lightning flashes, or meteors streaking through the dark atmosphere below.
“So far, our search for extraterrestrial life ― and other civilizations in space ― has turned up no proof of alien civilizations.”
Conspiracy theorists like Scott C Waring, who runs website ufosightingsdaily.com, claim that NASA and Mr Jones are just part of the “cover-up” and he dismisses their explanations, convinced that every bright light or blurred object seen on camera in the distance from the ISS is an alien space craft.
But, Scott Brando, who forenisically examines alleged UFO pictures and videos, before releasing debunking articles on his website ufoofinterest.org is more level headed.
He told Express.co.uk that the UFOs caught on camera were either lens reflections or ice particles.
In the case of the latest footage, he said they were ice particles.
He tweeted: “According to SecureTeam10 this object is a #UFO outside #ISS window.
“Watch how many small ice debris cross the camera in other videos.”
Footage appears to capture two UFO’s meeting below NASA’s ISS
If Aliens Visit, Don't Expect a Hollywood Ending, Ridley Scott Warns
If Aliens Visit, Don't Expect a Hollywood Ending, Ridley Scott Warns
By Mindy Weisberger, Live Science Senior Writer
Ridley Scott directs a scene from his new film, "Alien: Covenant," opening in the U.S. on May 19.
Credit: 20th Century Fox
Film director Ridley Scott, who delights in terrifying moviegoers with his cinematic blend of horror and science fiction, suggested in a recent interview that the scary prospect of belligerent invading aliens might transcend the realm of sci-fi. According to Scott, hundreds of alien species are "out there" on distant worlds, and Earth's inhabitants should prepare for the worst if they ever decide to visit our planet.
One scientist, though, says that Scott's information about such hostile, and abundant, aliens is off-base and unsupported.
Scott told Agence France-Presse (AFP) about his belief in "superior beings," while fielding questions about his latest movie, "Alien: Covenant," opening in theaters in the U.S. on May 19. He warned that any extraterrestrial travelers who are technologically advanced enough to show up on our doorstep would likely be very intelligent and very hostile. And unlike the scenarios that dominate movies — if we go toe-to-toe with these invaders, we probably won't be the victors, he said.
In the interview, Scott explained that "the experts" estimate there are "between 100 and 200 entities" on other planets, following what could be a similar evolutionary path to ours. And if they get here first, our best bet would be to "run for it," AFP reported.
The possibility of intelligent, technologically adept alien life has intrigued science-fiction writers and readers since the French writer Voltaire published his short story "Micromégas" in 1752, describing two extraterrestrial visitors to Earth — one from the planet Saturn and one from a planet orbiting the star Sirius.
Scott has made his own contributions to the genre, most notably with his string of "Alien" movies, which imagine a highly adaptable and morphologically flexible alien species. The so-called xenomorphs breed quickly and are ruthlessly efficient at overpowering humans, either swiftly dismembering them or cultivating them as hosts for their young — luckily, in isolated locations that are far from our home planet.
But though Scott is a skilled sci-fi yarn-spinner, his assessment of real-world alien threats could use a script doctor, according to Seth Shostak, senior astronomer with the SETI Institute, a research institution dedicated to the search for communication signals produced by intelligent extraterrestrial life.
To begin with, Scott's "expert" estimate of 100 to 200 "entities" is entirely unsubstantiated, Shostak told Live Science.
"We have absolutely no data that would tell you what that number might be," he said.
In fact, estimates based on data about known planets and galaxies suggest that the actual number of intelligent extraterrestrial life forms could, in fact, be significantly higher. With approximately 1 trillion planets in our galaxy alone, and about 2 trillion more galaxies, that adds up to…well, it's a lot of planets, Shostak said. [Why Do We Imagine Aliens as 'Little Green Men'?]
To narrow the search a bit, scientists could start by just looking at the trillion planets in our own galaxy, he said. Only a fraction of those planets might be capable of supporting life — perhaps 1 in 10. And maybe only 1 in 1,000 could produce and support life more complex than bacteria, he said.
That gives us about a billion planets in our galaxy that might harbor some type of intelligent life. But over time, life on many of those planets could have already waxed and waned — self-destructed or been wiped out. Perhaps only one planet in a million of those intelligent-life-harboring worlds still support life capable of contacting humans. That adds up to about 1,000 planets that could potentially hold intelligent, extraterrestrial species, Shostak told Live Science.
However, if a planet is more than 70 light-years from Earth, it hasn't yet received any radio signals from us. Its residents, no matter how technologically adept, wouldn't know humans exist yet. Even if long-distance observations of Earth told them we had oxygen in our atmosphere — and thereby some form of life — they'd be very unlikely to travel all this way to look at what might amount to just a lot of bacteria, Shostak added.
Neither would extraterrestrials be likely to invade our solar system merely to steal our resources, he said. If a civilization is advanced enough that they've exhausted all the resources of their entire star system — every planet, moon and asteroid — and are all out of natural materials, they're probably at a stage where they could create what they needed from simpler materials in their own backyard, rather than traveling across the galaxy for a very limited supply, Shostak said.
It's equally unlikely they'd be showing up because they thought humans would make an excellent addition to their diet, he said.
"To do that, they would have to know that we had something interesting within our bodies that they could metabolize, and their body chemistry would probably be very different from ours," Shostak said.
But Scott did get one thing right: If extraterrestrials are capable of building spacecraft that can transport them to our planet, they certainly would be technologically "superior" to people, Shostak said. And if he saw a spaceship suddenly appear, Shostak admitted that he'd probably do as Scott suggested — and just "run for it."
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NASA Don't Know What This Hole On Mars Is
NASA Don't Know What This Hole On Mars Is
A SOUTH POLAR PIT OR AN IMPACT CRATER?
NASA / JPL-CALLTECH / UNIVERS. OF ARIZONA
Is this an entrance to a Sarlacc pit? Most likely not. Nevertheless, this image of the Martian surface reveals some fascinating things about the geology and topography of Mars.
The newly released image was taken by the HiRISE camera onboard NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter above the southern hemisphere of Mars. This region of Mars is an icy terrain, caked in carbon dioxide ice that's marked with these pits and craters, known as Swiss cheese features, that can be over 100 meters (330 feet) wide.
The image was captured during Mars’ late summer, when the Sun is low in the sky and there is good lighting to capture images of this kind of topography. The defining feature of the image – the gaping hole near the top right – is causing scientists at NASA to scratch their heads.
“We see many shallow pits in the bright residual cap of carbon dioxide ice (also called "Swiss cheese terrain"). There is also a deeper, circular formation that penetrates through the ice and dust,” NASA explain. “This might be an impact crater or it could be a collapse pit.”
Hibernating Aliens May Explain Why We Haven't Found Any Other Life Yet
Hibernating Aliens May Explain Why We Haven't Found Any Other Life Yet
FRED MANTEL / SHUTTERSTOCK
Scientists have proposed a rather interesting reason for why we haven’t found aliens yet, a problem known as the Fermi Paradox (if life is so abundant, where is everyone?). They propose intelligent aliens could be in a state of hibernation, waiting for the universe to get colder so they can be more productive.
This idea was proposed in the Journal of the British Interplanetary Society, with a pre-print available on arXiv. The paper was written by Anders Sandberg, Stuart Armstrong, and Milan Cirkovic of the Future of Humanity Institute at the University of Oxford, and picked up recently by Gizmodo.
Some people think that a civilization much more advanced than our own might become a digital race. That is to say, they’ll live as artificial intelligence inside computers, doing away with more limiting fleshy bodies. Experts including Elon Musk have suggested this is a logical progression in the far future.
If we are not alone in the universe (which we have no evidence for yet), one could therefore further propose that an advanced alien race might have gone down this route. But in order to make the most of their new digital bodies, they might not like the universe at the moment.
The temperature of the universe right now is 3 degrees Kelvin above absolute zero. That’s rather chilly, but that temperature will continue to drop as the universe expands. Sandberg and his colleagues argue that the temperature in the future could allow for 1030 more computational processes than are currently possible.
“We hence suggest the 'aestivation hypothesis',” the researchers write in their paper, adding that “the reason we are not observing manifestations of alien civilizations is that they are currently (mostly) inactive, patiently waiting for future cosmic eras.” Aestivation is basically hibernation to avoid hotter temperatures, not cooler ones.
Our universe is expanding at an accelerating rate. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
An advanced digital alien race might get to the point where they have fully explored a section of the universe. Finding no need to continue existence with a relatively limited processing power (processing becomes 10 times more efficient if your computer is 10 times colder), they may therefore choose to wait for a cooler age in the universe.
The authors do not necessarily think this theory is correct, not least because we have no evidence we are not alone yet. But they argue that if it turns out there is other life out there, then the theory is at least a possibility.
“[We] personally think the likeliest reason we are not seeing aliens is not that they are aestivating, but just that they do not exist or are very far away,” Sandberg wrote in a blog post. “If that hypothesis [life is rare] is not true, then aestivation is a pretty plausible answer in my personal opinion.”
What’s more, they propose a way to find aestivating aliens. If we can see unusual phenomena in the universe, such as stars failing to collapse into black holes, this might be evidence of aliens using up the energy. And if there are aliens monitoring our particular corner of the universe, then any attempts by us to travel outwards may be met with hostile resistance.
This theory will not be without its detractors. Science fiction author David Brin, for one, suggested to Gizmodo that it made little sense for a race to go into hibernation and waste processing time. The authors countered that any race would want to make the most of available energy, and thus wait for optimal conditions.
There’s no shortage of speculation these days about the Fermi Paradox, and the possibility of alien life. The fact remains though that – to paraphrase Arthur C. Clarke – we are either alone or not, and both answers are equally terrifying. Maybe, if we’re not, then there just might be sleeping aliens waiting for things to get a bit cooler.
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Marsmeer bestond uit verschillende zuurstoflagen
Marsmeer bestond uit verschillende zuurstoflagen
Tim Kraaijvanger
Meer dan drie miljard jaar geleden stond er water in de Gale-krater op Mars. Wetenschappers beweren dat het meer verschillende leefmilieus kende.
Uit een analyse van NASA’s Curiosity-rover blijkt dat het ondiepe water rijker was aan oxidanten dan het diepere water. “Op bepaalde momenten was een deel van het water zuurstofrijker dan op andere momenten”, zegt wetenschapper Roger Wiens, co-auteur van het paper in het wetenschappelijke vakblad Science. “Dit is belangrijk, want het bepaalt welke mineralen er zijn afgezet op de bodem en omdat zuurstof nodig is voor leven. Toch is het goed om te weten dat toen er meren op Mars waren, dat fotosynthese nog niet was ‘uitgevonden’ op aarde, dus er werd nog weinig met zuurstof gedaan.”
“Er waren allerlei verschillende leefmilieus in hetzelfde Martiaanse meer”, vertelt onderzoeker Joel Hurowitz van de Stony Brook universiteit. “Dit zien we ook in meren op aarde. Diversiteit is belangrijk, want hierdoor zijn er meerdere mogelijkheden voor verschillende microben om te overleven.” Zo leven in aardse meren microben die beter gedijen in een oxidantenrijke omgeving, terwijl andere micro-organismen liever kiezen voor een oxidantenarme omgeving.
Het is onbekend of er ooit leven was op Mars. Het is daarom belangrijk dat wetenschappers eerst reconstrueren hoe de situatie miljarden jaren geleden op de rode planeet was. Wat was de samenstelling van meren en oceanen? Hoe zag de atmosfeer er precies uit? Zo kan – op basis van een model – uiteindelijk bepaald worden hoe groot de kans is dat er ooit leven was op Mars en waar we wellicht sporen van leven kunnen terugvinden. Als er überhaupt nog sporen zijn, natuurlijk.
Als de Atlantische warmtepomp stokt: komt er een ijstijd aan?
Als de Atlantische warmtepomp stokt: komt er een ijstijd aan?
Niels Waarlo
Een warme zeestroom die in elkaar stort, met als gevolg een nieuwe ijstijd. Het idee spreekt tot de verbeelding. Maar of het kan?
Kan Nederland afkoelen door opwarming van de aarde? Ja. Sterker nog, waarschijnlijk zou het niet de eerste keer zijn. Het is mogelijk als de warmtepomp van de Atlantische Oceaan vertraagt of zelfs stilvalt, een veelbesproken scenario dat vooral bekend werd dankzij de film The Day After Tomorrow. Het mag duidelijk zijn dat die film, waarin binnen een aantal dagen een ijstijd invalt, pure fictie is. Maar toch: moeten we extra truien aanschaffen of op termijn beducht zijn voor een nieuwe ijstijd?
Lopende band van zeewater Wie dat wil begrijpen, moet weten hoe de Atlantische Oceaan de temperatuur in West-Europa beïnvloedt. Aan de oppervlakte van de Atlantische Oceaan stroomt warm water van de evenaar naar het noorden. Dit water koelt onderweg af. Daarnaast verdampt meer water dan dat zoet water wordt toegevoegd, waardoor het water richting het noorden steeds zouter wordt. Hoe zouter en kouder het water, hoe hoger de dichtheid ervan. Om die reden zinkt het in het hoge noorden naar de diepte, waarna het terug naar het zuiden vloeit. Doordat dit systeem wordt aangedreven door temperaturen en zout, heet het ‘thermohaliene circulatie’, waarbij thermo refereert aan temperatuur en halien aan zout. Hierdoor ontstaat een lopende band van zeewater die warmte naar het noorden transporteert en ons klimaat verwarmt. Die lopende band heet de ‘Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation’, afgekort AMOC.
Een versimpeld overzicht van de wereldwijde thermohaliene circulatie. De AMOC bevindt zich in de Atlantische Oceaan.
Bron: naar Talley (2013).
Smeltende ijskappen Om deze lopende band aan de gang te houden, is het belangrijk dat de dichtheid van water in het noorden hoog genoeg is om naar de bodem te zakken. Maar als de oceaan minder afkoelt door een warmere atmosfeer, neemt de dichtheid van het water af. Als daarnaast de ijskappen rond de Noordpool afsmelten en de hoeveelheid regen door klimaatverandering toeneemt, wordt de noordelijke oceaan zoeter. Zoet water heeft een lagere dichtheid dan zout water, waardoor het water nog langzamer zinkt. Door dit alles vertraagt de lopende band en vermindert het warmtetransport naar het noorden.
“BIJ DE LAATSTE IPCC-MODELLEN TONEN ALLE MODELLEN EEN VERZWAKKING VAN DE AMOC. DAT IS TAMELIJK ROBUUST, WE ZIJN 95 TOT 99 PROCENT ZEKER”
Klimaatmodellen Een mooi verhaal, maar gaat dit ook gebeuren? Vermoedelijk wel. Het Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), de VN-organisatie die onze wetenschappelijke klimaatkennis evalueert, noemt het ‘erg waarschijnlijk’ dat de AMOC deze eeuw verzwakt. Daarbij baseert het IPCC zich vooral op computermodellen. Er zitten verschillen in hun exacte voorspellingen, maar over algemeen tonen deze modellen een duidelijke vertraging van de oceaanstroming. Prof. Dr. Sybren Drijfhout, fysisch oceanograaf aan de Universiteit Utrecht, werkt aan computermodellen van oceaan en klimaat. Hij vertelt ons over de krachten en zwaktes ervan. “Bij de laatste IPCC-modellen tonen alle modellen een verzwakking van de AMOC. Dat is tamelijk robuust, we zijn 95 tot 99 procent zeker. Bovendien komt het overeen met ons fundamentele begrip van natuurkunde.”
EN DE GOLFSTROOM DAN?
Veel mensen noemen de ons verwarmende zeestroming die stil kan vallen de ‘Golfstroom’. Dat is niet helemaal correct. De Golfstroom begint in de Golf van Mexico en stroomt langs de oostkust van Noord-Amerika. Hij is weliswaar onderdeel van de thermohaliene circulatie, maar wordt daarnaast aangedreven door winden en de draaiing van de aarde. Hierdoor zal hij niet stilvallen. Het grootschalige Atlantische circulatiesysteem waarvan de Golfstroom een onderdeel is, heet de Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, kortweg AMOC. Hierover gaat dit artikel. De Noord-Atlantische drift is het noordelijke onderdeel van de AMOC dat daadwerkelijk warmte naar Europa transporteert.
Het theoretische ‘tipping point’ Vertragen is één ding, maar kan deze oceaanstroom ook abrupt stilvallen, zoals in The Day After Tomorrow op overdreven wijze gebeurt? Het is in elk geval mogelijk. In theorie zijn er twee ‘modussen’ waarin de AMOC zich kan bevinden: een modus met een snelle stroming en een modus met een zeer trage stroming. Op dit moment bevindt de AMOC zich in de snelle modus. Als de temperatuur en de hoeveelheid neerslag op de polen hoog genoeg worden, is deze modus niet meer stabiel en schiet de AMOC abrupt van de ene in de andere modus. We overschrijden dan een ‘tipping point’. De cruciale vraag is of we dit tipping point door klimaatverandering gaan bereiken.
Hebben de modellen een afwijking? In het verleden vond zo’n stop vaker plaats, denken wetenschappers. Bijvoorbeeld tijdens het invallen van de koude Jonge Dryas in West-Europa, zo’n 13.000 jaar geleden. Desondanks noemt de IPCC het ‘erg onwaarschijnlijk’ dat de AMOC deze eeuw abrupt stilvalt. Dat baseert de organisatie wederom op de huidige klimaat- en oceaanmodellen. Maar daar heeft Drijfhout wel een kanttekening bij. “Men denkt dat het in deze eeuw niet waarschijnlijk is. Maar, en hier is discussie over, dat is gebaseerd op klimaatmodellen. En die hebben een afwijking. We weten dat de AMOC in de modellen stabieler is dan in werkelijkheid.”
De zoutbalans Een belangrijke factor voor die afwijking is het zouttransport, vertelt Drijfhout. Als het oppervlaktewater dat naar het noorden stroomt zouter is dan het diepere water dat naar het zuiden stroomt, importeert de AMOC zout naar het noorden. Hij brengt immers meer zout naar het noorden dan hij er weghaalt. In de omgekeerde situatie exporteert de stroming juist zout. Het is van belang om te weten welke van deze situaties de juiste is. “Stel, het systeem raakt verstoord door extra smeltwater. Dan verzwakt de stroming. Als die stroming zout importeert, vertraagt deze import ook en wordt het water nog minder zout. Hierdoor verzwakt de stroming nog verder: een positieve terugkoppeling. Maar als de stroming zout exporteert, is het andersom. Dan is de AMOC juist stabieler.” Uit waarnemingen blijkt dat de stroming netto zout naar het noorden transporteert, maar veel modellen tonen het omgekeerde. Het gevolg is dat modellen een stabielere AMOC aangeven dan in werkelijkheid het geval is. Het lijkt erop dat modellen de balans tussen zouter water uit de Indische Oceaan en zoeter Antarctisch water niet goed weergeven. Dat komt weer doordat modellen de enorme resolutie missen die nodig is om alle processen tot in detail weer te geven.
Stroomsnelheden aan de oceaanoppervlakte zoals berekend door een oceaanmodel. Hoe lichter de kleur, hoe hoger de snelheid. Bron: Andrew Coward
(National Oceanography Centre Southampton).
Wat zijn de gevolgen? Het is al met al ingewikkeld om de toekomst van de oceaanstromingen te voorspellen, om het voorzichtig uit te drukken. Dat er íets staat te gebeuren met de AMOC en dus de Noord-Atlantische stroom lijkt echter zeker. En dan gaat het bij ons afkoelen. Toch? “Ja en nee,” nuanceert Drijfhout. “Dat geldt alleen als de stroming vertraagt zonder dat de aarde verder opwarmt. Hij moet echt behoorlijk snel ineen storten wil het afkoelingseffect sterker zijn dan de opwarming van de aarde.” Waarschijnlijk heeft een vertraging van de Noord-Atlantische stroom bij ons dus vooral een dempend effect op de opwarming. “Dat zien we nu al. Als je de opwarming van de afgelopen 150 jaar van verschillende locaties afzet tegen het gemiddelde op aarde, zie je wat ik het ‘warming hole’ noem. Ten oosten van Engeland is die opwarming heel zwak.”
Niet desastreus De gevolgen zijn waarschijnlijk dus niet desastreus voor Europa. Alleen in het meest extreme geval koelt het voor een periode van tientallen jaren af, wordt het droger en nemen de stormen toe. Daarna stijgt de temperatuur weer. Het Arctische zee-ijs verdwijnt hierdoor minder snel en “dat kun je gunstig noemen,” zegt Drijfhout. Maar er zullen ook gevolgen buiten Europa zijn. De warmte die niet meer naar ons komt, blijft hangen in het zuiden. “Daar vindt een versterking van de opwarming plaats. Afhankelijk van allerlei details kan dat betekenen dat de Antarctische ijskap sneller afsmelt, waardoor de zeespiegel harder stijgt. Maar de modellen zijn nog niet goed genoeg om daar harde uitspraken over te doen.”
De AMOC toont nog maar eens aan waarom het lastig is om exacte voorspellingen te doen over het klimaat. Terugkoppelingen die we niet helemaal begrijpen kunnen processen versnellen of juist afremmen. Dat de stroming op zijn minst vertraagt, lijkt echter zeker. Mogelijk smelten de ijskappen van Antarctica daardoor sneller af, met als gevolg een sterkere zeespiegelstijging. Maar of jij binnenkort extra truien moet aanschaffen? Dat waarschijnlijk niet. En die nieuwe ijstijd? Die laat nog even op zich wachten.
Niels Waarlo (1994) is masterstudent Aardwetenschappen aan de Universiteit Utrecht. Daar houdt hij zich bezig met klimaatreconstructie en sedimentaire geologie. Daarnaast is hij actief in de wetenschapscommunicatie en –educatie. Op dit moment loopt hij stage bij de wetenschapsredactie van de Volkskrant. Eerder werkte hij bij de afdeling educatieve ontwikkeling van Naturalis en schreef hij voor verschillende websites als muziekjournalist.
Will truth about aliens soon be known? UFO sightings TRIPLE in just 16 years
Will truth about aliens soon be known? UFO sightings TRIPLE in just 16 years
THE number of reported UFO sightings across the United States has more than tripled since 2001, it has emerged.
The statistics are compiled in a new book written using the databases of two of the world’s biggest organisations dedicated to logging UFO and alien reportings and encounters across the globe.
“UFO Sightings Desk Reference,” written by Cheryl Costa, 65, and wife, Linda Miller Costa, 62, from Syracuse, New York, used 121,036 eyewitness accounts across the states recorded separately by the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON) and the National UFO Reporting Center (NUFORC) between 2001 and 2015 to chart the increase.
The book looks at the timing and location of incidents and types of UFOs seen which include flying circles, spheres, triangles, discs, ovals, and cigars.
According to Cheryl, a former military technician and aerospace analyst, and Linda, a librarian at Le Moyne College and a former librarian at the National Academy of Sciences, NASA and the Environmental Protection Agency, MUFON and NUFORC decided most sightings were explainable, but a small amount can still not be explained.
The key findings from the book were that overall numbers of UFO sightings more than tripled by 2015, from their average levels in 2001.
The book shows that US sightings grew from 3,479 reports in 2001 to 11,868 in 2015.
MUFON and NUFORC say just a fraction of all sightings make their way to them – so there are significantly more.
There is a growing “disclosure” movement in the US that believes that intelligent aliens visit Earth, and the government is not only aware of this, but covers it up.
Disclosure activists, such as Steve Bassett, who runs the Paradigm Research Group (PRG) campaign for an end to this so-called truth embargo.
Mr Bassett believes the fact there are so many more sightings now means the truth will soon come out as the White House will no longer be able to keep a lid on it.
He said: “With this compendium, Cheryl and Linda Costa have reminded the public and the media the extraterrestrial phenomenon continues unabated.”
Cheryl said the pair write the book because: “We wanted to do our bit for disclosure
“It’s something the government should have been doing.
“We’re doing scientific research. What’s crazy is not being willing to look at research.”
Their research found July is the busiest month for UFO sightings, but possibly because more people are outside.
There was a strange spike in sightings in Texas in 2008, and another in New Mexico in September 2015.
So what are their conclusions?
The pair say they have seen UFOs themselves, but draw no firm conclusions from studying the data.
Linda said: “We don’t know, but all these people are seeing these things.”
Sceptics argue that the rise in phone and digital cameras, is responsible for more alleged UFO pictures and videos emerging, and that sharing on social media, makes the subject more well known.
The rise in the use of drones of an array of shapes and sizes, is another explanation offered for the perceived rise in UFO activity.
Could Vladimir Putin reveal aliens exist? Kremlin chief asked to lift ‘truth embargo’
Could Vladimir Putin reveal aliens exist? Kremlin chief asked to lift ‘truth embargo’
RUSSIAN President Vladimir Putin could be the man to make world history by announcing intelligent aliens exist and have visited Earth, a “truth” campaigner believes.
US citizen, Stephen Bassett, executive director of the Paridigm Research Group International (PRG), has spent a week in Russia trying to convince Mr Putin of the importance of lifting an alleged “truth embargo” that stops world leaders telling the public the truth about aliens.
Mr Bassett, who is the only registered lobbyist in the US on the subject of alien disclosure, believes a conspiracy theory that the truth of aliens has been withheld due to the fear of the impact on religion and the rule of law if we all knew.
He believes the conspiracy has been in place since at least 1947 when a flying saucer allegedly crash landed at Roswell, New Mexico.
Mr Bassett was interviewed for a Russian documentary during his visit.
A PRG statement said: “During the interview, which will be broadcast in Russian in August, Bassett discussed various considerations that might prompt Russian President Vladimir Putin to make the first formal acknowledgment by a head of state regarding an extraterrestrial presence engaging the human race.
“PRG believes this may be the first time anyone has made this argument on Russian media inside or outside Russia.”
He also met former Soviet and Russian military and agency officials, who are now involved in the disclosure movement.
Mr Basset said: “Since 1945 the United States and the Soviet Union/Russia have spent in excess of $40trillion contesting over political and economic ideologies, fighting proxy wars around the world and building the most dangerous threat to the human race ever conceived.
“The Cold War has never really ended with gaming, brinksmanship and destructive policies continuing from both sides.
“While humans have continued to destroy each other and the biosphere in which they live, there is a galaxy full of life waiting to be engaged.
“The extraterrestrial reality transcends politics, religion, race, and war. The embargo on this truth has accomplished nothing but delay the advancement of human civilisation.
“Any number of heads of state could end this embargo at any time, and it can’t come soon enough.
“What the keepers of the truth embargo either fail or refuse to realise is a post-disclosure world could be the bridge between the US, China and Russia that would permit the necessary geopolitical realignments setting a new course away from the seemingly permanent war economies wasting vital resources and keeping the world always on the brink.”
Have you ever dreamt about seeing a UFO or being aboard one? What do these types of dreams mean?
Many people will live their entire lives without ever seeing a UFO. My first UFO sighting occurred in 1978. A group of friends and I decided to have a keg party “On Top of the World”, which is a mountaintop in the Catskill Mountains in upstate New York. It was early evening and we were waiting for the person to arrive who had the tap for the keg, so all of us were sober. At that point, a group of 3 UFO’s flew over the adjacent hill, Franklin Mountain… hovered for a few seconds, then flew away at a speed unfathomable. At the time, there was probably 6 or 7 of us there to witness it, but that was my first of many UFO sightings.
My late sister, Lola, had an abduction scenario where she was with her boyfriend and another friend, Patty F.. They were driving toward East Sidney Dam when the next thing they knew, their car was on the side of the road and it was 4 hours later.
Since buying a pair of ATN Night Vision Goggles, I have seen more UFO’s than ever. You can’t go 10 minutes without seeing one!
Many of us have experienced UFO sightings in real life, but what do they mean when we see them in our dreams?
To see a spaceship in your dream symbolizes your creative mind. It denotes a spiritual journey into the unknown and signals self-development and self-awareness. Alternatively, the dream suggests that you need to take on a different perspective, no matter how bizarre or unusual it may be.
Suggests a change in yourself, or personal growth; becoming aware of something new, or some new aspect of yourself, one that you are not familiar with, and so seems strange or alien. For instance a change might be occurring in the way you relate to people or events.
Our mind has the ability to view our experience as a whole, rather than in parts. What we sense unconsciously in this way is presented to the conscious mind as images such as UFO’s or circles of light. Another way of explaining this is to realize that our conscious self is only a tiny part of the whole process of life active in us. There are amazing potentials in each of us that might only be glimpsed in stress situations. Occasionally this more powerful or bigger side of ourselves breaks through and is experienced as an alien, or great being. Because of the hallucinatory aspect of the dream process, and the fact that in dreaming we see exterior imagery as real, when this breaks through while we are awake, it is difficult to accept the source of it as our own unconscious. See: altered states of consciousness; space; spaceship.
A few weeks ago, I had a dream where I was “back home” with my daughter. I was looking out of my parent’s bay window when I saw dozens of UFOs in the sky along with a huge mothership which came down to my parent’s house, hovering about 30 above the ground. It was so close, I could see the beings inside, who looked like regular people. I called for my daughter while taking out my smartphone to get a video of everything. As I looked through my cellphone, my screen was showing me everything that was beyond the 3rd dimension. It was exciting and exhilarating. I felt no fear.
In another dream, I was once again “back home” at the college, which was about 2 blocks from my parent’s home. There were many spaceships in the air but one had landed at the college. There were many people there who were boarding the ship. I was one of them waiting to go aboard. I woke up before I actually boarded the craft.
In the previous article, Do You Dream About Flying Or Going Home?, I mentioned a dream where I was aboard a huge spaceship:
I was in a very large round room and there were small groups of people all around me. We all looked like we were in our 20’s or so. I was in a group of about 8-10 people and our thoughts were instantly interactive through telepathy. Each group was creating and manifesting something, but I don’t specifically remember what it was. What I do remember is that is was a group manifestation and we were all on the same page. For example, someone would think of a contribution to the group and another would add to it. Each additional thought made the manifestation even more amazing. If someone joined the group, they would instantly know everything we manifested before they joined us and would immediately be able to interact with the group. If you wanted to take a break, you could leave any time. I chose to leave and went “back home”. I was in my old neighborhood, playing guitar on a futuristic amplifier that was no bigger than a pack of cigarettes and did not require electricity. In this dream, I knew every possible scale on guitar and could play amazingly well. Two friends joined me… one to listen and another to play along. I knew at any time, I could go back to the ship.
What this dream showed me is that if we somehow go into a dimensional shift would want to blow up the world with their thoughts. It’s not even a remote possibility. It’s as if you are one cell in a body and you’re harmoniously interacting with all of the cells around you, instantaneously. Your soul is completely transparent and there is nothing in your past to be embarrassed or ashamed about.
Your dreams and the removal of fear
Your dreams are metaphors being played out from events that occurred earlier in that particular day. If you had a disturbing dream, then look back at what might have triggered those particular metaphors or symbols and try to resolve that issue.
Once you remove any fear from your mind, you’ll find that your dreams become more futuristic and prophetic. I’d be willing to guess that many people who have done their inner work within this genre have either seen UFOs in real life and/or have experienced UFO dreams.
Have you dreamt about UFOs or going aboard a UFO? If so, comment below!
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
STRANGE WEATHER ANOMALIES ARE SWEEPING ACROSS THE WORLD
STRANGE WEATHER ANOMALIES ARE SWEEPING ACROSS THE WORLD
In the last week, there have been reports of an increase in extreme weather conditions such as tidal waves, sandstorms, incredible winds and storms and tornadoes in various locations across the world. They have been swift and intense, often endangering lives
The go-to explanation for these weather events is climate change due to global warming. Others may deem the changing climate to be a result of the polar axis shift, an occurrence that is neither unusual or unprecedented. Earth's history is marked with many differing climatic changes without the aid of global warming or human presence.
According to a Harvard University report in July 2013, climate scientists admitted that when the focus of the public is on the weather, regardless of whether or not there is any connection between events, there is a call for more research.
It referenced a recent hurricane that may not have anything to do with climate change, but many were still making that connection themselves. One scientist, Daniel Schrag, Harvard University Center for Environment director, declared amazement at what he called public's ability to determine the angle scientific research will take.
However as the public are influenced by official government channels, the real "steering" is performed by the agenda of these agencies. The climate scientists described earth as a "complex system" and difficult to predict, with much more research needing to be done on how and why these weather events occur.
Brian Farrell, professor of meteorology, made a point that climate scientists prefer not be vocal about particular occurrences as there isn't enough evidence to determine a specific cause. Schrag goes on to remark that hardly any research has been done on tornadoes and climate change. Thunderstorms are also lacking in study in regards to the same.
While official channels are quick to blame global warming for extreme weather events, the truth remains that climate scientists themselves admit to limited connections.
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Astronomer Claims Ancient Alien Technology May Be Hidden In The Solar System
Astronomer Claims Ancient Alien Technology May Be Hidden In The Solar System
Finding space alien life would be undoubtedly one of the greatest achievements in human history. Scientists have been concentrating on the possibility of alien life existence on exoplanets many light years away from Earth. However, one astronomer suggests looking harder for evidence of extraterrestrial life closer to home. Penn State astronomy professor Jason Wright writes in his paper that proof of aliens might be right here in our celestial backyard. For this reason, he suggests shifting our focus from the dark cosmos to our solar system.
Wright urges scientists to consider the theory that extraterrestrial life evidence might be right under our noses. The astronomer explains that leftovers from technological species might be easier to discover than biological evidence, such as microbes. Artifacts or other techno signatures from prior technological species in the Solar System may have survived to present day.
Wright points out Mars and Venus as possible places where intelligent life might have spawned and developed before it had gone extinct or simply left. He goes on to suggest that Earth may be holding secrets of an ancient alien civilization but has since been lost to erosion, plate tectonics, and shifting continents.
Soviet-born American writer Zecharia Sitchin introduced the theory on the existence of ancient aliens in Nibiru, an unseen planet in the Solar System, in his 1976 hit book ‘The 12th Planet.’ The theory states that Annunaki alien race had created the human race. Sitchin claims that Nibiru collided with Tiamat planet that was located between Mars and Jupiter. The collision resulted in the creation of asteroid belt and Earth.
Sitchin believes Annunaki aliens visited Earth to mine gold in Africa thousands of years ago. These advanced aliens needed workers for their mining operations, so they used genetics to create Homo Sapiens.
AMAZING: Military jet cases 2 linked UFOs immediately following sighting of amber diamond shape craft
AMAZING: Military jet cases 2 linked UFOs immediately following sighting of amber diamond shape craft
Check out this really interesting footage of a UFO activity that was seen and filmed above Californian sky ( Landers and Yucca Valley) on 21st May 2017.
Witness report:
Incredible video footage of a military jet chasing a UFO (yeah, that’s right, chasing one) right over our heads while out at the infamous Giant Rock in Landers while at this year’s Contact in the Desert (CITD) conference in Joshua Tree Calif. I, Melinda Leslie, was leading my Sunday night, May 21st, Sky Watch with Night Vision Goggle Intensive out at Giant Rock on the 3rd night of viewing events for CITD. Luckily one of my participants, Graham Slater, caught this and many of our other sightings (from all 3 nights no less), with his black and white night vision video camera. His additional footage of some of the other incrdible sightings will be posted at a future date once they are compiled. Here’s a description of the jet chase sighting: At just before 10:00 p.m. (did not note exact time) some of my participants and I saw a large amber colored light low to the horizon just behind Giant Rock from where my whole group of about 50 plus people were gathered and using 15 pair of night vision goggles. A contigenecy of about 20 of us ran to get a better view of it. To the naked eye it appeared to be a large orangish (amber) light, that quoting some of the 20 people; “flew like a bumble bee”. One guest, [name removed/CMS/jpg], came running with a pair of the goggles in hand and got a good look at it. She said that through the goggles it looked like “a large diamond shaped UFO.” She drew a picture of it attached here. This object then flew behind a small hill right behind the entire Sky Watch larger group. As those of us who ran off walked back to join the others, 3 military jets flew over in the direction of the object now gone from sight behind the hill. Some of us commented that “if” “they” were following it, meaning the jets, they were a few minutes too late. Just then we heard the sound of a low flying jet from behind the hill, and suddenly clearing the top of the hill and right over our heads, came a very fast military jet chasing a faster large red glowing light. The military jet had both red and white blinking strobe lights and glowing afterburners and was VERY loud as it flew directly above our heads. The large red light had NO blinking lights and NO sound at all! It became clear to all 50 plus witnesses, this was NO jet!!! Those folks present who looked with the aid of the goggles said they were seeing either 2 lights, or one object with 2 light sources on it. After extensive review of the footage, I am nearly certain it shows 2 UFOs (fast moving lights), flying in perfect locked tandem with one another. It appears you can see stars between them in the background suggesting that these are 2 seperate objects. As is usually the case, this footage while incredible, does not do the sighting justice. The video is in black and white night vision, not full-color naked-eye vision, and does not have any sound, so you are unable to hear the palatable excitement of 50 plus witnesses screaming and cheering.
People recently reported UFO sightings in Arizona and United Kingdom, creating a flurry of excitement online. Have extraterrestrial neighbors decided to make contact? Investigations suggest that the Arizona sightings were of mercury vapor lights and not alien visitors. However, recent sightings above England are not so easily explained away. RT America’s Brigida Santos has the story.
Due to advances in technology, scientists have been keeping an eye out for signs of alien megastructures. One scientist hypothesizes that, if such a megastructure exists, it would be around a pulsar instead of a star.
During the 1960s, Freeman Dyson and Nikolai Kardashev captured the imaginations of people everywhere by making some radical proposals. Whereas Dyson proposed that intelligent species could eventually create megastructures to harness the energy of their stars, Kardashev offered a three-tiered classification system for intelligent species based on their ability to harness the energy of their planet, solar system, and galaxy, respectively.
With missions that are now capable of locating extra-solar planets (i.e. the Kepler Space Observatory) scientists have been on the lookout for signs of possible alien megastructures. Unfortunately, aside from some very arguable results, no concrete evidence has yet come to light. Lucky for us, in a study from the Free University of Tbilisi, Professor Zaza Osmanov offers some new insight on why megastructures may have eluded us so far.
While fascinating, the idea of alien megastructures invariably suffers from the same problem as all other attempts to find signs of intelligent life in our Universe. Basically, if intelligent life exists, why have we consistently failed to find any evidence of it? This conundrum, which was summed up by Enrico Fermi in the 1950s (thereafter known as the Fermi Paradox), has hung like a shadow over all our efforts.
Artist’s impression of an orbiting swarm of dusty comet fragments around Tabby’s Star. Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
For example, in the summer of 2015, a team of astronomers announced that they found what might be an indication of an alien megastructure around Tabby’s Star (KIC 8462852). However, they were quick to point out that any number of possibilities could explain the strange dimming pattern coming from the star, and subsequent studies offered even more plausible explanations — such as the star having consumed a planet at some point in its past.
To this, Osmanov has argued that the problem is that we are looking in the wrong places. Last year, he wrote a research paper in which he ventured that an alien super civilization — i.e. one that was consistent with a Level II Kardashev civilization — would likely use ring-like megastructures to harness the power of their stars. This is in contrast to the traditional concept of a “Dyson’s Sphere,” which would consist of a spherical shell.
Furthermore, he argued that these Dyson Rings would likely be built around pulsars rather than stars, and offered estimates on their dimensions which were dependent on the rotational speed of the pulsar. According to Osmanov’s latest study, titled “Are the Dyson rings around pulsars detectable?“, Osmanov extends the problem of spotting alien megastructures to the observational realm.
Specifically, he addressed how alien megastructures could be spotted by identifying their infrared energy signatures, and at what kinds of distances. By examining how such structures would vary in terms of the amount of IR radiation they would emit, he believes that they could be spotted within our local Universe using existing instruments.
Artist’s impression of the exotic double object that consists of a tiny neutron star orbited every two and a half hours by a white dwarf star. Image Credit: ESO/L. Calçada
Once again, it comes down to the diameter of the structures, which would in turn depend on the type of pulsar they orbit. As he states in the paper:
A couple of years earlier before publishing the paper of Kardashev, the prominent physicist Freeman Dyson has suggested that if such superadvanced (in the terminology of Kardashev, Level-II) extraterrestrials exist, for increasing efficiency of energy consumption they can construct a thin spherical shell with radius ?1AU surrounding a host star (Dyson 1960). It has been argued that for such distances the sphere will be in the so-called habitable zone (HZ) and therefore the sphere will have the temperature of the order of (200 – 300 K), making this object visible in the infrared spectrum.
Extending this to pulsars, Osmanov estimates that the habitable zone around a relatively slowly-rotating pulsar (with a period of about half a second) would be on the order of 0.1 AU. According to his calculations, a ring-like megastructure that orbited a pulsar at this distance would emit temperatures on the order of 390 K (116.85 °C; 242.33 °F), which means that the megastructure would be visible in the IR band.
From this, Osmanov concludes that modern IR telescopes — such as the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) — would have the necessary capacity to monitor nearby pulsars for signs of alien megastructures. He further concludes that for this purpose, these telescopes would have an effective range of up to 200 parsecs (~652 light years).
Ever since it was first announced in 2015, there has been speculation as to what could account for the dimming of KIC 8462852. Image Credit: Eburacum45/SentientDevelopments.com
In addition, he goes on to state that within this volume of space, multiple candidates could be found and examined using these same existing instruments:
We have considered the sensitivity of VLTI and by taking into account its higher possible angular resolution, 0.001 mas, it has been shown that the maximum distance ~0.2 kpc leads to the IR spectral density of the order of 7.4 mJy, which in turn, can be detected by the VLTI. We have argued that by monitoring the nearby zone of the Solar System approximately 64 pulsars are expected to be located inside it.
Beyond these distances, up to the kiloparsec range (about 3260 light years), the angular resolution of these telescopes would not be enough to detect the structure of any rings. As such, finding megastructures at this distance would require telescopes that can conduct surveys in the UV band — which corresponds to the surface temperatures of neutron stars (7000 K). However, this would have to wait upon the development of more sensitive instruments.
“As we see, the search of infrared rings is quite promising for distances up to -0.2 kpc, where one will be able to monitor potentially 64 ± 21 pulsars by using the IR instruments,” he concluded. “Observation of distant pulsars (up to -1kpc), although will significantly increase the total number of potential objects – to 1600 ± 530, but at this moment the UV instruments cannot provide such a level of sensitivity.”
There are Dyson rings and spheres and this, an illustration of a Dyson swarm. Could this or a variation of it be what we’re detecting around KIC? Not likely, but a fun thought experiment. Image Credit: Falcorian/Wikipedia Commons
So while the range would be limited, the opportunities for testing this hypothesis would not. All told, between 43 and 85 candidates exist within the observable volume of space, according to Osmanov’s estimates. And with existing IR telescopes — and next-generation telescopes like the James Webb Space Telescopes — up to the task, some surveys could be conducted that would yield valuable information either way.
The concept of alien megastructures remains a controversial one, and for good reason. For one, the potential evidence for such structures – i.e. the periodic dimming of a star – can easily be explained by other means. Second, there is an undeniable degree of wishful thinking when it comes to the search for extra-terrestrial intelligence, which means that any findings could be subject to bias.
Nevertheless, the search for intelligent life remains a very fascinating field of study, and a necessary one at that. Not only would finding other examples of life in our Universe put to rest one of the most burning existential questions of all time — are we alone? — it would also allow us to learn a great deal about what other forms life could take. Is all life carbon based, are there other possibilities, etc? We would like to know!
In the end, the Fermi Paradox will only be resolved when we find definitive evidence that there is intelligent life out there other than our own. In the meantime, we can expect that we will keep searching until we find something. And anything that make this easier by telling us where we should (and what specifically to look for) is sure to help.
Astronomers Have a New Explanation For The 'Alien Megastructure' Star
NASA/JPL-Caltech
Astronomers Have a New Explanation For The 'Alien Megastructure' Star
Sorry, ET fans.
DAVID NIELD
Strange dips in the light from Tabby's Star have been puzzling scientists since 2015, with some hopefuls refusing to rule out the chance that some kind of "alien megastructure" could be blocking the way.
Experts have now come up with another explanation that doesn't involve extraterrestrial technology, but rather a massive ringed planet some five times the size of Jupiter.
Astronomers from the University of Valencia and the University of Cantabria in Spain ran a giant planet model and found it could account for some of the light fluctuations if the planet's rings were tilted.
Other dips in light that scientists have recorded since could be caused by trailing asteroids, the team says.
If the hypothesis is right, then we're going to see another dip in light in 2021 thanks to a second cloud of asteroids, as these swarms usually travel in pairs – so we need to keep our telescopes trained at the stars.
"We aim at offering a relatively natural solution, invoking only phenomena that have been previously observed, although perhaps in larger or more massive versions," the astronomers write in their paper.
Tabby's Star, technically known as KIC 8462852, is more massive and hotter than our Sun, and can be found almost 1,500 light-years away between the Cygnus and Lyra constellations of the Milky Way.
We've known about it since 2009, but a couple of years ago the star became something of a stellar celebrity after astronomers noted dips in light that were far more frequent and irregular than they should be.
Since then, more variations in the emitted light have been spotted, with the most recent just last month. That particular dip could be caused by the giant planet passing behind Tabby's Star, say the researchers responsible for the new hypothesis.
That would dim the total amount of light coming from the system, as there would be no visible reflection off the planet as it passed behind the star.
If we're not dealing with alien spaceships or a huge planet the size of five Jupiters, space junk could also be responsible, according to a 2016 study.
That study put forward the idea that a different star along our line of sight, together with an unidentified form of space clutter, could be causing the dimming.
For now, the idea of planetary rings and asteroids is just a hypothesis, and it hasn't yet been peer-reviewed or published in a journal. The astronomers behind it have put their study online at arXiv.org to get feedback from the wider scientific community.
Not everyone is convinced, however: David Kipping from Columbia University says that the biggest issue is the way the model scales.
"It's great that we're getting creative and maybe some parts of this theory might comprise the final answer, but I'm fairly sceptical this is the solution," Kipping told Shannon Hall at New Scientist.
The study authors aren't too deterred though: they say that although there are problems with how the idea scales, large parts of the hypothesis fit the data we've got.
"Whatever the solution to the riddle, it's going to be exciting," one of the researchers, Alberto Fernández-Soto, told New Scientist.
In 2021, we might get chance to see if Fernández-Soto and his colleagues are right.
You can see the paper for yourself at the pre-print website arXiv.org.
Aliens May Be Trying To Communicate With Us Using Neutrino Beams
Aliens May Be Trying To Communicate With Us Using Neutrino Beams
ANDREW FOLLETT
Energy and Science Reporter
Alien civilizations could be attempting to communicate with us using extremely advanced neutrino-based communication systems and we may be unable to detect it, according to a Thursday Universe Today article.
Scientists think that an advanced alien civilization may have moved beyond radio waves in favor of using neutrinos or other exotic particles as forms of communication. If true, this means that humanity has been searching for aliens using the wrong techniques.
Previous Search For Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) radio astronomy surveys used radio waves because they were the only practical means of locating aliens. However, scientists now suspect that an alien civilization would likely use a more exotic means of communication.
“We are not really sure of how extraterrestrials would communicate with us,” Dr. Morris Jones, a SETI analyst, told Universe Today. “Would they use radio waves, lasers, or something more exotic? Perhaps the universe is awash in extraterrestrial signals that we cannot even receive.”
One of the best potentials methods for an extraterrestrial civilization to communicate is neutrinos, a type of subatomic particle that is produced by the decay of radioactive elements and interacts with matter very weakly. This allows them to pass through solid matter, but makes them detectable only with extremely specialized equipment that SETI hasn’t used to search for aliens yet.
“Is it possible to transmit with something better than we already have?” Jones said. “Until we know a lot more physics, we just won’t know. Humanity in the twenty-first century could be like an isolated tribe in the Amazon jungle a century ago, unaware that the air around them was filled with radio signals.”
Neutrino based communication offers a potential solution to the Fermi Paradox, the question of why scientists haven’t yet detected aliens. The universe is vast enough that if intelligent alien life was common, logically scientists should have detected it by now. Since many previous SETI searches for advanced aliens looked for radio emissions, not neutrinos, this may offer a solution to the paradox.
“SETI practitioners spend a lot of time wondering how a message would be encoded in terms of language and content,” Jones said. “It’s also important to consider the medium of transmission.”
Human being have already developed the technology to use lasers for communication, but SETI telescopes haven’t searched for lasers nearly as much as radio waves.
However, alien civilizations still could use radio bursts to communicate. Scientists still can’t explain mysterious signals from deep space called fast radio bursts (FRB) — millisecond long pulses of radio light originating from extremely deep space. These FRBs could be evidence of advanced alien technology as they are roughly one billion times more luminous than anything ever detected in our own Milky Way galaxy.
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Is it time to call Mulder and Scully? After the spotting of a mysterious flying object in the skies over Frome, it might come as a bit of surprise that this is just one of nearly 200 reported sightings in Somerset, in the past decade, according to www.uk-ufo.co.uk .
It would seem that aliens are choosing the West Country for a weekend break but there are still plenty of doubters as to whether there is extraterrestrial life out there.
Here are ten of the most convincing sightings. Let us know in the comments below whether you believe the witness statements. The truth is out there.
Yeovil – 20 May 2013 – 23:15
Darren was just winding down after a particularly intense part of his Open University course, when he spotted something strange in the cloudy sky. He recalls: “It was moving very quickly through the sky and if it wasn’t for the moon reflecting off its silver surface, I would not have seen the triangular fronted object that whizzed on through the air in front of me.
“I really did see some kind of object going silently and very fast across the skyline at around 200-400ft. I would estimate the object to be about twice as wide as a passenger jumbo jet but it didn’t seem to be as long. It had a triangular front to its shape and reminded me of the black stealth aircraft that you see on television.
“This all happened in the space of two seconds.”
UFO probability rating: 6/10
Taunton Racecourse – 3 July 2011 – 22:00
Chris has been enjoying a music festival at the racecourse when something caught his eye in the sky. He remembers: “In a perfectly clear sky, no other stars in sight, a white orb of light appeared and seemed to get brighter and brighter, and then quickly faded out, or shot up in to the sky. It was if it had been spotted. I was in a completely sober state at the time of this sighting and was completely lost for words.”
UFO probability rating: 2/10
Yeovil – 1 January 2010 – 00:15
Vanessa was celebrating the new year by letting the dogs out to do their business before bedtime, when something caught her eye. She said: “I noticed an orange light in the sky, above a house approximately 300 metres from our house. It was an orange glow, at least 1000 metres high and moved steadily towards our house. It was travelling as fast as a plane, but there was no noise. It wasn’t a plane or helicopter and was travelling too fast to be a Chinese lantern.
“The glow passed over our house and then carried on travelling until it was out of sight. There were approximately seven other lights moving on the same trajectory at the same speed over the next five minutes.
“My husband also saw the lights – he has been in the RAF and confirmed that it wasn’t any aircraft that he was familiar with.”
UFO probability rating: 6/10
Frome – 24 November 2011 – 18:20
Tom was enjoying a crisp November night when he saw a satellite in the sky. The problem was, it wasn’t behaving how he would expect it to. He recalls: “I noticed that it was in fact slowly changing direction and not continuing in a straight direction as one would expect.
“At this point I could also see another satellite in a different location in the night sky. The first object started to change its direction more drastically before a large flash appeared to the right of where it was travelling. a few moments later a second flash appeared from the same static location fading back to a singular point of light and then entirely. Each flash lasted for no more than 4 seconds.”
UFO probability rating: 3/10
Glastonbury – 7 August 2011 – 21:45
Kevin and Lorraine had spotted various bright lights in the sky on previous occasions but this time there was something otherworldly about them. Lorraine said about the incident: “It appeared much lower, bigger and brighter. A bright orange oval shape, moving fairly fast and silently.
“It appeared suddenly and disappeared just as suddenly. Myself, my husband and also a third person with us have seen this by chance over a least the last two years.”
UFO probability rating: 4/10
'Alien' spotted at Yeovil bus stop
Bridgwater – 25 November 2011 – 20:00
Andy was taken aback when he saw an object resembling an Egyptian pyramid, hovering just a couple hundred feet above his house. He explains: “It was a fairly clear, very dark, starry night. I looked up to see a dark shape moving almost directly above me, heading from the north to the south. It passed by in about two seconds, covering the distance of a mile.
“As it passed over, it appeared to be a very dark diamond shape (rhombus), upright and appeared to be completely flat. It appeared darker than the surrounding near-black night sky and had a very dim ‘light’ at each point on the back. I estimate it passed overhead at an altitude of a couple of hundred feet and must have been approx. 50 feet across.”
UFO probability rating: 6/10
Minehead – 2 June 2014 – 23:00
Gavin was playing computer games with friends when a strange, low humming noise caught his ear. On looking out of the window, he was shocked by what he saw. He recalled: “I saw a huge black triangle, which appeared to have two white lights and one red light on the bottom of it.
“The craft can only have been 120 to 150 feet off the ground and was moving extremely slowly across the sky.”
This is not the first sighting of this UFO, as it seems to be a regular in the neighbourhood. Gavin continues: “I have seen this same craft four times now and it is usually heading in the same direction and it’s always a clear night when I see it.”
UFO probability rating: 2/10
Weston-Super-Mare – 12 August 2010 – 21:30
During a meteor shower, Ken spotted something that resembled a fried egg performing strangely in the sky. He explains what he thought he saw: “This light dropped rapidly before rapidly ascending almost vertically. It then began moving very fast in circles and darting up and down.
“It had no real lights, more a haze of white and grey and after about 30 seconds, it disappeared from my view.”
It hadn’t finished there though and the UFO was soon back to torment Ken. He continued: “I saw this again but now it went extremely fast from the west towards the east. It had a yellowish glow with three brighter yellowy glows within it.”
UFO probability rating: 3/10
Bath – 24 August 2010 – 04:00
In the middle of the night, Bradleigh was driving home from hospital when he saw a UFO covered in Egyptian style writing hovering just 15 metres off the ground. Unfortunately, he wasn’t able to get photographic evidence but he did say: “I was really shocked of what I witnessed. It was a grey disc and had a multi-coloured aura underneath the craft. It had a semi-circular window on the top that I could not see through. I stared at it for about 30 seconds before it started to rotate whilst hovering very strangely. All of a sudden, it then shoots towards Cley Hill area.
“It left a trail of smoke or steam and a second later, the smoke or steam pulsated and followed the UFO. I have done some research on UFO sightings in the area and found that Cley Hill is a hotspot for some reason.”
UFO probability rating: 5/10
Milverton – 27 September 2014 – 02:00
Mrs. Quarmby and her husband had been enjoying watching fire jugglers at a party, when their attention was taken by a spectacular shooting star. What happened next though has stumped her for an explanation, though she does try: “What I thought was a shooting star transformed into three lights, which formed a perfect triangle pointing towards the earth.
Each corner was lit very brightly and I know it wasn’t a plane or helicopter. The lights were much brighter than the stars and much bigger. It looked like it was hovering, then vanished.”
UFO probability rating: 3/10
Have you seen an UFO over Somerset, of have had an unexplained otherworldly experience whilst completely sober, then we would love to know about it in the comments below.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
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who had the tap for the keg, so all of us were sober. At that point, a group of 3 UFO’s flew over the adjacent hill, Franklin Mountain… hovered for a few seconds, then flew away at a speed unfathomable. At the time, there was probably 6 or 7 of us there to witness it, but that was my first of many UFO sightings.
I have seen more UFO’s than ever. You can’t go 10 minutes without seeing one!
As I looked through my cellphone, my screen was showing me everything that was beyond the 3rd dimension. It was exciting and exhilarating. I felt no fear.
