ALIEN MOTHERSHIP? Huge object seen ’releasing UFOs’ over city in bizarre video

A HUGE craft has allegedly been recorded "releasing several smaller UFOs" over a city, a video report by conspiracy theorists claims. Footage released by YouTube UFO channel Thirdphaseofmoon shows what appears to be a cluster of lights hovering in the night sky.

28-02-2018 om 17:39 geschreven door peter  

New Satellite Will Shift Shape While in Space

 

Airbus

{ https://futurism.com/ }

28-02-2018 om 01:33 geschreven door peter  

Triangular Object Spotted “Dogfighting” With Two F-16s Inside Area 51

Photos shot from UFO Seekers allegedly show unknown, triangular object interacting with two U.S. Air Force F-16s.

On Feb. 15, 2017, UFO seekers Tim Doyle and Tracey Su were camping near Groom Lake to take pictures and film videos of activity in the skies inside Area 51. During their stay, they spotted a couple of F-16s dogfighting and snapped some shots at the jets. It wasn’t until they got back home, when they started reviewing the pictures, that they noticed a third unidentified aircraft that they described as a “triangular” object which appeared to be dogfighting the “Vipers” (as the F-16s are dubbed within the fighter pilots community).

The video below includes the pictures shot by Tracey (go to 19:45).

“We try to be a medium between the UFO Community and the Aviation Community. My dad worked at Plant 42 and other family had similar jobs. So people shouldn’t believe we would ever jump to advocating the existence of aliens or an alien craft at AREA 51. But that day we did catch a third craft, unfortunately we only used the photos in the video. All media from that trip was lost in a hard drive failure. In fact UFO Seekers lost over 5 months worth of media (6TB). It may have been a foreign aircraft as that is the primary purpose of the airspace at Groom Lake. Also I know the Air Force tests craft like the Polecat at the NTTR so it may have been an unmanned drone. But maybe, just maybe, it was something more,” said Tim in a message to The Aviationist.

The two F-16s flying close to the mysterious object (highlighted). This is a screen grab from UFO Seekers video filmed close to Area 51.

Here’s the mysterious object. (Screenshot from the UFO Seekers video).

The resolution of images in the video does not allow a proper identification of the object which might well be a drone (or a distant manned aircraft…such as an F-117 that was spotted flying over Nevada with accompanying F-16, in the recent past). Assessing the size is also difficult: even though the perspective might be a factor here, the object seems to be smaller than the F-16s, but probably much larger than a micro-drone as the bird-sized Perdix drones, 103 of those, launched from three F/A-18F Super Hornets, took part in one of the world’s largest micro-drone swarms over the skies of Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake, California on Oct. 25, 2016. That said, the aircraft could be a prototype of some new UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), maybe a UCAV (Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle), a weaponized drone.

Considered the position of the two fighters, rather than a dogfight, it seems that the jets were chasing the mysterious object rather than engaging it. Maybe they had just intercepted it in a simulated VID mission, or they were simply shadowing or filming a test flight. However, unlike what happened last year with the shots of the Su-27P dofighting with an F-16 inside Area 51, these new photos embedded in a YT video can’t provide a clear picture of the interaction.

Anyway, what’s your opinion? Let us know.

H/T @ufo_seekers

{https://theaviationist.com/ }

28-02-2018 om 01:26 geschreven door peter  

Famous Black Knight UFO satellite myth 'solved' by YouTube novice in just 11 minutes

From the nervous, shaky start, you can tell it's his first ever YouTube video. The narrator even apologised for his amateur presenting style and asked viewers to bear with him.

28-02-2018 om 01:12 geschreven door peter  

'UFO hovered over my head' Robbie Williams says a flying saucer came close enough to hit

ROBBIE Williams claims a flying saucer once hovered over his head and was so close he could have hit the UFO with a tennis ball and the pop legend insists he was stone cold sober at the time. The former Take That star says the UFO was so close he could have hit a tennis ball at it had he been holding one and a racket.

28-02-2018 om 00:48 geschreven door peter  

Alien bases hidden across UK claims conspiracy theorist after 20-year old UFO snap emerges

ALIEN bases are hidden across Britain, one of the top UFO hunters has claimed as he suggested extraterrestrial life is working with the military underground. Scott C Waring, editor of Ufosightingsdaily.com, claims aliens are secretly working with the British military in hidden underground bases.

28-02-2018 om 00:34 geschreven door peter  

Argentina: UFOs Over a Rural Service Station in Entre Rios

Source: AHORA (Argentina)
Date: 02.26.2018
A report by Elias Moreira Aliendro

Argentina: UFOs Over a Rural Service Station in Entre Rios

The mysterious lights were recorded and shared on social media, where cybernauts were consulted as to their opinion of what the objects might be in an effort to arrive at a logical explanation. What could be involved here? See the photos.

Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs) were seen last night over the rural region of El Quebracho, Department of La Paz, over the premises of a local filling station.

The lights that could be seen and recorded by witnesses were shared on social media, where an effort to find a logical answer to the mystery was made. What could the lights have been?

"When we began asking questions, some suggested it could be a rebound effect of artificial lights, since there are dancing establishments in the local canyons. However, given the distance from where the place the photo was taken and Santa Elena, which is the nearest community, we don't believe those two single lights could have been the result," wrote local journalist Oscar Cuenca.

A major fire was unleashed in Granja Tres Arroyos, very near the area, causing considerable smoke over the region. "Given the density of the smoke in the air, others think a tube-shaped beam of light would have been necessary for the images to have been produced by a projector," said the reporter.

"Ultimately, others said on account of that the thickness of the smoke in the air, the luminous effect was caused by the atmosphere itself, as it was a clear night."

[Translation (c) 2018 IHU with thanks to Luis Burgos, Fundación Argentina de Ovnilogía]

Mystery solved: Luis Burgos writes - "A local witness tells me [the lights] were produced by a floodlight from a dance hall/bowling alley located a little more than 20 kilometers from the place, on Route 12. Given the density of the smoke-saturated air resulting from fires in the vicinity, this was the result."

27-02-2018 om 23:59 geschreven door peter  

The Universe Is Expanding Faster Than We Thought, Hubble Data Suggests

27-02-2018 om 23:50 geschreven door peter  

Humans Will Hear from Intelligent Aliens This Century, Physicist Says

27-02-2018 om 23:30 geschreven door peter  

12,000 Years Ago, A Mysterious Culture Built The First Temple On Earth

Located 2,500 feet above sea level at the top of a mountain ridge in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, some 15 kilometers (9 mi) northeast of the town of Şanlıurfa lie the breathtaking ruins of Göbekli Tepe; a Neolithic sanctuary built some 12,00 years ago by a mysterious people.

This ancient site was found by accident when an old Kurdish shepherd named Savak Yildiz discovered the ruins in October 1994. According got accounts, Savak Yildiz spotted something protruding from the ground, and as he brushed away the dust to expose the mystery object, he came across a large oblong-shaped stone. Little did he know that he had found a long-lost ancient sanctuary built thousands of years ago.

Later that year, news reached archaeologist Klaus Schmidt from the Deutsches Archäologisches Institut who traveled to the location and eventually inspected the site, soon realizing it was Neolithic in origin.

Image Credit: Shutterstock

Some called the discovery of Göbekli Tepe as the discovery of the century. Now we know that this ancient site is around 12,000 years old, it was built by an unknown population and was most likely buried on purpose by its builders. Archaeological surveys have shown that the ancient site is around 7,000 years older than Mesopotamia’s Fertile Crescent, which has long been heralded as the cradle of civilization.

The age of Göbekli Tepe is of great importance. Archaeologists firmly believe it is several thousand years older than Stonehenge and The Great Pyramid of Giza.

To get an idea of its importance, if we take a look at biblical tradition, the world began in 4000 BC, yet here we have a monument that was built more than 12,000 years ago. This points not only to the fact that 12,00 years ago advanced civilizations existed on Earth, but they were also capable of erecting some of the most impressive structures on the surface of the planet.

At Göbekli Tepe we have historic evidence that contradicts our normal understanding of the evolution of civilization and therefore mankind as we know it.

However, what is perhaps even more mind-bending is that after more than 20 years of excavations and research, archaeologists exploring the ancient site have failed to recover a single stone-cutting tool.

This makes you wonder, how can you create massive, 19-foot-tall, perfectly-sculpted columns that are up to 12,000 years old, and not find any evidence whatsoever of tools used to accomplish this?

The builders of Göbekli Tepe created a work of art in stone. At the site, we can find depictions of creatures like armadillos, wild boars, and geese, animals that are not indigenous to the region.

What is interesting is that located less than 350 Miles from Göbekli Tepe is the site many biblical scholars believe to be the resting place of Noah’s ark, so the animal carvings of Gobekli Tepe suggest a time in the region’s history when the indigenous animal population may have been of a different anthropological origin. We have to ask the question, could Göbekli Tepe and Noah’s ark be connected in a way?

After decades of exploration, we have learned very little about this archaeological site, and its builders. Despite the fact that progress has been made, we still do not know the answers to some of the most important questions like, who built Göbekli Tepe? To what purpose? And how was Göbekli Tepe preserved until today? Researchers point that Göbekli Tepe was “carefully” placed underneath the sand, as its builders made sure the whole site was buried. But… why would the builders bury such an incredible site? To protect it? To preserve it?

Why would ancient man build these massive structures around the world? Many of them are similar if not identical in design. Is there a connection? A pattern around the globe?

Göbekli Tepe is considered as an archaeological discovery of the exceptional importance since it could deeply change our understanding of a crucial stage in the evolution of human societies. “Göbekli Tepe changes everything,” says Ian Hodder of Stanford University. David Lewis-Williams, professor of archaeology at Witwatersrand University in Johannesburg, says that “Göbekli Tepe is the most important archaeological site in the world.”

At present, Göbekli Tepe raises more questions for archaeology and prehistory than it answers. We do not know how a force large enough to construct, augment, and maintain such an abundant complex was mobilized and rewarded or fed in the conditions of pre-sedentary society.

We cannot “read” the pictograms, and do not know for certain what meaning the animal reliefs had for visitors to the site; the variety of fauna depicted, from lions and bears to birds and insects, makes any single explanation problematic.

Is there something more to Göbekli Tepe? Could these ruins have an extraterrestrial connection? Was Göbekli Tepe built so that the “Sky Gods” could admire it from the sky? Or was Göbekli Tepe built to commemorate an important event in ancient man’s history?

{ https://www.ancient-code.com/ }

27-02-2018 om 23:14 geschreven door peter  

Scientists Find There May Be Water All Over The Moon, And Not Just At Its Poles

NASA researchers say that the water is distributed throughout the surface of our satellite day and night. Its presence can be fundamental for the future establishment of a human colony on the lunar surface.

Scientists have made a groundbreaking discovery after finding evidence that Earth’s Moon may be covered in water. New data analysis of two lunar missions has found evidence that the water on the Moon is widely distributed on the surface and not confined to a particular region or type of terrain, as was previously believed.

Also, water seems to be present day and night, although that does not mean that it is necessarily easily accessible.

The findings could help researchers understand the origin of water in our natural satellite, which is still a mystery and answer another important question: whether or not, future human settlers could use it as an accessible resource.

If the Moon has enough water, and if it is fairly convenient to access it, future human explorers could use it as drinking water or even turn it into hydrogen and oxygen to fuel their rockets.

“We find that it doesn’t matter what time of day or which latitude we look at, the signal indicating water always seems to be present. The presence of water doesn’t appear to depend on the composition of the surface, and the water sticks around,” said Joshua Bandfield, a senior research scientist with the Space Science Institute in Boulder, Colorado.

The new results contradict previous studies, which suggested that there is more water in the polar latitudes of the Moon and that the strength of the water signal increases and decreases according to the lunar day (which lasts 29.5 Earth days).

Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons

Taking this into consideration, researchers have proposed that water molecules can “jump” across the lunar surface until they enter cold traps in the dark reaches of the craters near the north and south poles.

In planetary science, a cold trap is a cold region, that water vapor and other volatiles that come into contact with the surface remain stable for a prolonged period of time, even up to several billion years.

However, debates continue due to the subtleties of how detection has been achieved so far.

The main evidence comes from remote sensing instruments that measured the strength of sunlight reflected off the lunar surface.

When water is present, instruments such as these collect a spectral fingerprint at wavelengths close to 3 micrometers, which is beyond visible light and in the field of infrared radiation.

But scientists have also found that the lunar surface can also be heated enough to “shine” or emit its own light in the infrared region of the spectrum.

The challenge is to disentangle this mixture of reflected and emitted light.

For this, researchers must have very accurate temperature information.

Bandfield and his team presented a new way of incorporating lunar temperature information and created a detailed model from the measurements made by the Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment on board the NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter.

The team applied this temperature model to data previously collected by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper, a visible and infrared spectrometer that NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California, provided for India’s Chandrayaan-1 orbiter.

Scientists say that the water most likely is found in the Form of HO, instead of H2O. The difference is that H2O is composed of one hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom, whereas OH is considered more reactive, and attaches itself chemically to other molecules. In turn, this means that future colonists would most likely have to extract the element from minerals.

The study also hints that any H2 O present on the Moon is not loosely bound to the surface.

This discovery can also help experts understand water sources and their long-term storage in other cosmic bodies throughout the solar system.

At this point, experts are still debating what exactly the findings about the Moon’s water source are telling them.

So far, the results suggest that OH and/or H2O are created by the solar wind that impacts the lunar surface, although the team does not rule out that OH and/or H2O could come from the Moon itself, slowly released from minerals inside the moon where it has been stored since the Moon was formed.

Featured image credit: Shutterstock

{ https://www.ancient-code.com/ }

27-02-2018 om 22:47 geschreven door peter  

Do The Mysterious Statues At Temehea Tohua Depict An Ancient Alien Race?

There is an island in the Pacific Ocean that is home to a number of unusual statues left behind by its ancient inhabitants; The countless strange figures, carved in the distant past depict what many consider an otherworldly influence. Some of these statues depict what many refer to Reptilian Beings. Could these mysterious, yet beautiful statues be nothing more than mythological beings worshipped by the ancient inhabitants of Nucu Hiva, the largest of the largest of the Marquesas Islands in French Polynesia? Or, is there a possibility that they depict representations of ancient alien beings?

Mysterious yet beautiful places plague our planet. Through our civilizations ancient history, countless cultures erected some of the most amazing places on the surface of the planet.

And while most of us fall hypnotized by ancient sites such as the Pyramids of Giza, The Great Sphinx, Teotihuacan, and Macchu Picchu, there are many other sites equally magnificent and puzzling.

One such site is located in Nucu Hiva, the largest of the largest of the Marquesas Islands in French Polynesia.

There we find the ancient archaeological site of Temeea Tohua, home of a series of strange statues which many authors believe may depict otherworldly beings.

While other disagree and suggest the enigmatically caved statues are the result of the imagination of Polynesian settlers, others point towards a possible ancient alien encounter, which took place before written history.

As noted by recent studies, the first settlers arrived at the largest of the Marquesas in French Polynesia some 2,000 years ago, most likely from Samoa.

There, the ancient settlers of the island built a number of strange statues that depict beings that look completely different from humans. It’s almost as if the ancient settlers of Nucu Hiva worshipped some Reptilian deity. The statues look like something from an alien movie.

The question is, what did the ancient artists try and depict? Are these mysterious beings illustrations of their Gods? Or, as some ancient astronaut theorists suggest, are these mysterious statues evidence of an ancient alien encounter, thousands of years ago?

The statues look terrifyingly impressive. From afar they appear as beautiful carvings left behind by the ancients, but upon closer inspection, you notice fascinating details. The statues feature bigeyes, large elongated heads, small bodies, with a mixture of statues with huge bodies, and other several strange looking features that make you wonder what could have inspired the ancient inhabitants to carve such non-human features?

Reptilian ‘Gods’?

Is it possible that the ancient settlers of Nucu Hiva depicted Reptilian Gods?

In modern times, numerous conspiracy theories have risen from the stories of Reptilians or Lizard People. Various ancient cultures like the Ancient Sumerians, for example, depicted strange beings with reptilian features. These mysterious beings are believed to have been the Gods, who one day, came down from heaven and settled on Earth.

For example, if we take a look at the Ubaid Period, we will find that more than 7,000 years ago, the inhabitants of Ancient Mesopotamia worshiped the so-called lizard people. Curiously, evidence of this cult has been found at the Archaeological site of Al-Ubaid, where experts uncovered numerous pre-Sumerian artifacts dating back at least 7,000 years. Among these items, strange looking figurines have been discovered with a mixture of humanoid and lizard-like shapes.

At Nucu Hiva, far from Mesopotamia, we find similar Reptilian-like statues.

There are certain figures at the French Polynesian Island that even depict what appear to be strange Grey-Like aliens.

The ancient artists of the island left a message in stone. They carved strange figures with small bodies and huge elongated heads that have strange, over-sized eyes.

When looking at this from a certain archaeological view, it would be logical to assume that whoever carved those statues would have followed certain patterns when carving the statues, so how could it be possible that at the same location we find two types of statues that are not very similar.

In addition to the statues with huge bodies, over-sized heads, and mouths we find other figures with different aspects such as small bodies with over-sized eyes, relatively normal mouths but with an entirely different aspect when it comes to the nose.

While on the bigger statues the nose seems elongated and straight, the smaller statues feature noses that resemble a human nose.

This mixture of different styles of art raises numerous questions. What are these statues? Are these depictions of alien races that have visited this island at some point in the past, as some researchers suggest? Or, are these statues the result of a mixture of cultural influence?

{ https://www.ancient-code.com/ }

27-02-2018 om 22:29 geschreven door peter  

How aliens would look like and when will we meet them, reveals Physicist Michio Kaku

Another must-have feature is the presence of thumbs in aliens, as per Kaku. Opposable thumbs or grasping appendages played a major role in the rise of primates. The thumbs would help them catch their prey and also create tools, thus strengthening their chances of making contact.

Many people here on Earth are fascinated by aliens. Although the scientists have not been able to trace any extraterrestrial life yet, the search for the same has been intensified. Recently, theoretical physicist and Michio Kaku revealed some interesting facts about aliens in his new book “The Future of Humanity. In the book, Kaku wrote about aliens, their chance of making contact with humans and how they will react when they encounter the humans.

In the book, Kaku also mentioned the looks of the aliens. According to Kaku, in future, human civilization will become more advanced and will develop new cutting-edge technologies that will lead them closer to aiming contact with alien life. Scientists have hypothesized about the fact that extraterrestrial life might be possible in far-off worlds much different from Earth.

Like humans, they might be advancing their technology or skills to make contact with other worlds or to keep an eye on other worlds. Kaku consulted some exobiology experts and theorists specializing in hypothetical alien life forms present in distant worlds and came up with a list of necessary features that the aliens should possess to match up with the humans. According to Kaku, the aliens would have Stereo Vision, two eyes capable of focusing on a single object, just like humans. Stereo vision helps the hunters or predators to catch their prey. Kaku wrote, “In all likelihood, intelligent aliens in space will have descended from predators that hunted for their food.”

Kaku further wrote that depicting aliens as hunters does not mean that they will be aggressive or attack us but we need to be cautious about that as their ancestors long ago might have been predators. Another must-have feature is the presence of thumbs in aliens, as per Kaku. Opposable thumbs or grasping appendages played a major role in the rise of primates. The thumbs would help them catch their prey and also create tools, thus strengthening their chances of making contact. The third important feature that alien should possess is the language. In order to hand down and accumulate essential information from generation to generation, some form of language is crucial,” Kaku wrote.

Kaku also predicted that the ice-covered moons are the places more prone to hosting alien life because there the life would exist underwater. Although Kaku predicted that aliens need to have stereo vision, grasping thumps and some sort of language to have any contact with humans, he did not mention about the shape or size of the aliens or in what form they are present in the outside worlds.

Many scientists believe in the existence of alien life and they are trying to connect by sending signals in space. Stephen Hawking, a well-known scientist has warned humans on the earth to stop connecting with these aliens. He speculates that connecting with an advanced civilization might be risky for both the earth, and its civilization.

Hawking might be the person with the greatest interest in finding the civilization in the Universe, and his efforts are indeed exemplary. But, it also holds true at the same time that he has never been a supporter of the attempts to connect with the aliens. He stops humans from connecting with the aliens with fears in mind that these aliens might find us and attack us.

However, Hawking’s warnings are based on the perception that an alien civilization, which is efficient enough in receiving or answering a signal, holds every possibility of being billions of year more developed than the humans on this earth.

Meanwhile, a radio astronomer at MIT believes that aliens do exist and for some reasons they are hiding from us. John A. Ball came with a notion known as ‘Zoo Theory’ to prove why we have failed to make contacts with aliens until now. According to Ball, aliens are purposefully hiding from us and trying to avoid contact with humans.

Ball believes that extraterrestrial life is more intelligent than human race on Earth, but they are not advance enough to dominate the universe; thus, they keep an eye on our activities from far. He went on to say that the alien creatures are inquisitive and cannot keep themselves away from Earth for a long time that is why we constantly hear the stories of UFO sightings these days.

{ https://sciexaminer.com/ }

27-02-2018 om 21:52 geschreven door peter  

27-02-2018 om 21:37 geschreven door peter  

Stars around the Milky Way: Cosmic space invaders or victims of galactic eviction?

by Staff Writers
Long Island City NY

Astronomers have investigated a small population of stars in the halo of the Milky Way Galaxy, finding its chemical composition to closely match that of the Galactic disk. This similarity provides compelling evidence that these stars have originated from within the disk, rather than from merged dwarf galaxies. The reason for this stellar migration is thought to be theoretically proposed oscillations of the Milky Way disk as a whole, induced by the tidal interaction of the Milky Way with a passing massive satellite galaxy.

This is the Milky Way galaxy, perturbed by the tidal interaction with a dwarf galaxy, as predicted by N-body simulations. The locations of the observed stars above and below the disk, which are used to test the perturbation scenario, are indicated.

Image courtesy T.Mueller/NASA/JPL-Caltech.

If anyone from outer space would like to contact you via "space mail", your cosmic address would include several more lines including "Earth", "Solar System", "Orion Spiral Arm" and "Milky Way Galaxy". This position within our home galaxy gives us a front row seat to explore what is happening in such a galaxy.

However, our internal perspective presents some challenges in our quest to understand it - for example for outlining its shape and extent. And yet another problem is time: How can we interpret galactic evolution if our own life span (and that of our telescopes) is far less than the blink of the cosmic eye?

Today, we have a fairly clear picture of the broad properties of the Milky Way and how it fits among other galaxies in the Universe. Astronomers classify it as a rather average, large spiral galaxy with the majority of its stars circling its center within a disk, and a dusting of stars beyond that orbiting in the Galactic halo.

These halo stars seem not to be randomly distributed in the halo - instead many are grouped together in giant structures - immense streams and clouds (or overdensities) of stars, some entirely encircling the Milky Way. These structures have been interpreted as signatures of the Milky Way's tumultuous past - debris from the gravitational disruption of the many smaller galaxies that are thought to have invaded our Galaxy in the past.

Researchers have tried to learn more about this violent history of the Milky Way by looking at properties of the stars in the debris left behind - their positions and motions can give us clues of the original path of the invader, while the types of stars they contain and the chemical compositions of those stars can tell us something about what the long-dead galaxy might have looked like.

An international team of astronomers led by Dr. Maria Bergemann from the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Heidelberg now found compelling evidence that some of these halo structures might not be leftover debris from invading galaxies but rather originate from the Milky Way's disk itself!

The scientists investigated 14 stars located in two different structures in the Galactic halo, the Triangulum-Andromeda (Tri-And) and the A13 stellar overdensities, which lie at opposite sides of the Galactic disk plane. Earlier studies of motion of these two diffuse structures revealed that they are kinematically associated and could be related to the Monoceros Ring, a ring-like structure that twists around the Galaxy.

However, the nature and origin of these two stellar structures was still not conclusively clarified. The position of the two stellar overdensities could be determined as each lying about 5 kiloparsec (14000 lightyears) above and below the Galactic plane as indicated in figure 1 (see image).

Bergemann and her team, for the first time, now presented detailed chemical abundance patterns of these stars, obtained with high-resolution spectra taken with the Keck and VLT (Very Large Telescope, ESO) telescopes.

"The analysis of chemical abundances is a very powerful test, which allows, in a way similar to the DNA matching, to identify the parent population of the star. Different parent populations, such as the Milky Way disk or halo, dwarf satellite galaxies or globular clusters, are known to have radically different chemical compositions. So once we know what the stars are made of, we can immediately link them to their parent populations.", explains Bergemann.

When comparing the chemical compositions of these stars with the ones found in other cosmic structures, the scientists were surprised to find that the chemical compositions are almost identical, both within and between these groups, and closely match the abundance patterns of the Milky Way disk stars. This provides compelling evidence that these stars most likely originate from the Galactic thin disk (the younger part of Milky Way, concentrated towards the Galactic plane) itself, rather being debris from invasive galaxies!

But how did the stars get to these extreme positions above and below the Galactic disk? Theoretical calculations of the evolution of the Milky Way Galaxy predict this to happen, with stars being relocated to large vertical distances from their place of birth in the disk plane. This "migration" of stars is theoretically explained by the oscillations of the disk as a whole. The favoured explanation for these oscillations is the tidal interaction of the Milky Way's Dark Matter halo and its disk with a passing massive satellite galaxy.

The results published in the journal Nature by Bergemann and her colleagues now provide the clearest evidence for these oscillations of the Milky Way's disk obtained so far!

These findings are very exciting, as they indicate that the Milky Way Galaxy's disk and its dynamics are significantly more complex than previously thought.

"We showed that it may be fairly common for groups of stars in the disk to be relocated to more distant realms within the Milky Way--having been 'kicked out' by an invading satellite galaxy. Similar chemical patterns may also be found in other galaxies--indicating a potential galactic universality of this dynamic process." said Allyson Shefield, PhD, associate professor of physics at LaGuardia Community College/CUNY, a co-author on the study.

As a next step, the astronomers plan to analyse the spectra of other stars both in the two overdensities, as well as stars in other stellar structures further away from the disk. They are also very keen on getting masses and ages of these stars in order to constrain the time limits when this interaction of the Milky Way and a dwarf galaxy happened.

"We anticipate that ongoing and future surveys like 4MOST and Gaia will provide unique information about chemical composition and kinematics of stars in these overdensities. The two structures we have analysed already are, in our interpretation, associated with large-scale oscillations of the disk, induced by an interaction of the Milky Way and a dwarf galaxy.

Gaia may have the potential to see the connection between the two structures, showing the full pattern of corrugations in the Galactic disk", says Bergemann, who is also part of the Collaborative Research Center SFB 881 "The Milky Way System", located at Heidelberg University.

The results described here were published in Bergemann et al., "Two chemically similar stellar overdensities on opposite sides of the plane of the Galactic Disk" in the journal Nature.

Related Links
LaGuardia Community College
Stellar Chemistry, The Universe And All Within It

{ http://www.spacedaily.com/ }

27-02-2018 om 21:06 geschreven door peter  

Massive flare in the Proxima Centauri system puts its habitability into question

BY ALEXANDRU MICU

The Sun’s closest neighboring star, Proxima Centauri, might not be as welcoming as we believed — a team of astronomers have detected a flare so powerful from the star that it throws the habitability of its system into serious doubt.

Artist’s impression of a flare from Proxima Centauri.

Image credits Roberto Molar Candanosa / Carnegie Institution for, NASA/SDO, NASA/JPL.

A team of astronomers led by Meredith MacGregor from the Carnegie Institution for Science discovered the flare while reanalyzing recordings taken last year by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), an array of 66 radiotelescope antennas nestled in the Atacama desert.

Now, by their very nature, solar flares are some of the most violent and energetic events we know of. Think of them as magnetic short-circuits in a star. What happens during a flare is that ebbs and flows in a star’s magnetic field start accelerating electrons (negatively-charged particles) close to the speed of light. Enough of these build up that they start interacting with stellar plasma (highly electrically charged atoms), ripping it out of the star, causing it to erupt. This eruption can be seen across the electromagnetic spectrum.

And that’s where the bad news starts: even by solar flare standards, what the team discovered was humblingly violent. The flare they detected from Proxima Centauri was over 10 times brighter, at its peak, than the largest flares that we’ve ever recorded from the Sun at similar wavelengths.

“March 24, 2017 was no ordinary day for Proxima Cen,” said MacGregor.

The flare increased Proxima Centauri’s brightness by a factor of 1,000 over 10 seconds. It was also preceded by a smaller flare. Taken together, the event lasted for under two minutes — which would explain why nobody noticed them in the first place. For context, ALMA observed the star for over 10 hours between January and March of last year, when the flares erupted.

We knew from previous observation that Proxima Centauri was prone to regular bouts of flares, although they were much smaller and emitted chiefly in the x-ray spectrum. However, the findings now cast a lot of doubt on the habitability of the exoplanet Proxima b, which up to now raised a lot of interest as a potentially habitable planet. Proxima b orbits its star around 20 times closer than the Earth orbits the Sun, so flares of this magnitude are a huge problem. The team estimates that a flare 10 times larger than a major solar flare would drench the planet with 4,000 times more radiation that Earth gets from a solar flare. That’s enough to raise literal hell on the planet, the team explains:

“It’s likely that Proxima b was blasted by high energy radiation during this flare,” says MacGregor.

“Over the billions of years since Proxima b formed, flares like this one could have evaporated any atmosphere or ocean and sterilized the surface, suggesting that habitability may involve more than just being the right distance from the host star to have liquid water.”

So it might be healthier to steer away from Proxima b until we find a way to accurately predict, and then successfully weather, these flares.

The findings also allowed the team to get a better image of the Proxima Centauri system, and infirm previous estimation that it contains large bodies of dust and larger particles, similar to our asteroid belt.

The paper “Detection of a Millimeter Flare From Proxima Centauri” has been published in the journal Astrophysical Journal Letters.

{ https://www.zmescience.com/ }

27-02-2018 om 20:33 geschreven door peter  

Opnieuw bewijs voor leven op Mars?
Zeldzame regenbui doet beestjes ontwaken - HLN.be

Bron: The Independent

Zonder water, geen leven. Maar door in een soort slaapstand te gaan, blijken organismen verbazend lang te kunnen overleven. Dat blijkt uit een nieuwe studie die gepubliceerd is in het vakblad Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. De resultaten zijn gebaseerd op bodemstalen die genomen werden tussen 2015 en 2017.

Lees ook

Wetenschappers ontdekken acht mogelijke plekken voor een kolonie op Mars

Het is niet de eerste keer dat er microben in de woestijn gevonden zijn. Maar tot nu toe was het niet duidelijk of het om oorspronkelijke bewoners ging, of restanten van beestjes die waren aangedragen door de wind.

Zeldzame regenbui

Een extreem zeldzame regenbui in 2015 bracht het antwoord. Het water zette een explosie van biologische activiteit in gang. Genetische tests onthulden nadien dat meerdere inheemse bacteriesoorten zich hadden aangepast aan het leven in de onherbergzame woestijn. 

Opvolgbezoeken in 2016 en 2017 brachten aan het licht dat dezelfde beestjes langzaamaan opnieuw in een slaaptoestand gingen, naarmate de grond er omheen opdroogde.

Leven op Mars?

De microben leefden in het droogste deel van de woestijn, maar hetzelfde principe zou van toepassing kunnen zijn op Mars. “Dit zijn plaatsen waar je nooit van zou verwachten dat iets er zou kunnen overleven”, zegt planeetwetenschapper Dirk Schulze-Makuch van Washington State University aan The Independent. “Ons onderzoek toont aan dat als iets kan overleven in de droogste omgeving op aarde, er een goede kans is dat dat ook op Mars kan.”

“We geloven dat deze microben honderden of zelfs duizenden jaren kunnen overleven in een slaaptoestand, in omstandigheden die zeer gelijkaardig zijn aan de situatie op Mars”, vervolgt Schulze-Makuch. “En dat ze weer tot leven kunnen komen als het regent.”

Miljarden jaren geleden had Mars oceanen en meren, waar mogelijk vroege levensvormen voorkwamen. Toen de planeet droger en kouder werd, zouden die op dezelfde manier overleefd kunnen hebben als de microben in Atacama.

“Als er ooit leven was op Mars, zou dat volgens ons onderzoek mogelijk plaatsgevonden hebben onder het bijzonder dorre oppervlak van vandaag”, zegt de wetenschapper nog. Een robot die in 2021 op Mars zal landen in het kader van de ExoMars-missie zal twee meter diep in de bodem graven, op zoek naar tekenen van leven.

{ https://www.hln.be/ }

27-02-2018 om 20:17 geschreven door peter  

27-02-2018 om 20:03 geschreven door peter  

(NASA ( WEDEROM ) BETRAPT OP NEP MAANLANDING 

{ http://niburu.co/ }

27-02-2018 om 19:54 geschreven door peter  

Fleet Of UFOs Over Hawaii Last Week Light Up The Sky!!! Feb 13, 2018, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Feb 13, 2018
Location of sighting: Hawaii, USA

Watch as a fleet of UFOs over Hawaii are seen, then suddenly for a brief moment, together in unison, they light up, creating pillars of light above and below them. Why they are doing this is beyond our understanding, but they may be transporting their ships below the ground or communication with other aliens in an underground or underwater base nearby. Awesome evidence here! 
Scott C. Waring-Taiwan

Eyewitness states: 

These rare multiple light pillars were captured by the Gemini Observatory webcam on February 13, 2018. The camera was facing east from the top of the Mauna Kea Volcano in Hawaii. These muti-colored light pillars were created by the bright city lights of Hilo, which is located just east of the Gemini Obsevatory in Hawaii.

{ http://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

27-02-2018 om 19:36 geschreven door peter