Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 13 YEARS AND 2 MONTH.
ON 06/08/2024 MORE THAN 2.161.100
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
28-02-2018
Could Methane on Saturn's Moon Enceladus Be a Sign of Life?
Could Methane on Saturn's Moon Enceladus Be a Sign of Life?
By Mike Wall, Space.com Senior Writer
Saturn's ocean-harboring moon Enceladus, as seen by NASA's Cassini spacecraft.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
Some hardy Earth microbes could likely survive in the Saturn moon Enceladus' buried ocean, gobbling up hydrogen produced by interactions between seawater and rock, a new study suggests.
And the microbes tested in the study churn out methane as a metabolic byproduct. That's intriguing, because NASA's Cassini spacecraft detected methane in the plume of particles blasted out into space by Enceladus' powerful south-pole geysers.
"We were able to show that, under putative Enceladus conditions, biological methane production occurs in the lab," said study co-author Simon Rittmann, of the Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology at the University of Vienna in Austria. [Amazing Photos of Saturn's Icy Moon Enceladus]
This exploratory work identified one of the microbes, Methanothermococcus okinawensis, as the best suited for more in-depth study under Enceladus-like conditions. So the team exposed M. okinawensis to a variety of gas compositions and (relatively high) pressures at 150 degrees Fahrenheit (65 degrees Celsius) — basically, what you'd expect to find at hydrothermal vents on Enceladus' seafloor.
Astronomers have inferred the existence of such vents on Enceladus from several Cassini observations. For example, the Saturn orbiter spotted tiny silica particles and molecular hydrogen (H2) in the moon's plume, both of which are best explained by reactions between hot water and rock.
M. okinawensis grew well and produced methane in the team's experiments, which perhaps isn't terribly surprising, given that the organism was isolated from a hydrothermal vent off the Japanese island of Okinawa, at a depth of about 3,200 feet (975 meters).
Cassini image of Enceladus' geysers blasting material from the moon's subsurface ocean into space.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute
In addition, Taubner and her colleagues modeled the water-rock reactions likely occurring in Enceladus' interior. They found that such reactions are likely producing lots of H2 — enough to sustain methanogenic organisms such as M. okinawensis, if any exist on the Saturn satellite. [Inside Enceladus, Icy Moon of Saturn (Infographic)]
To be clear, study team members aren't claiming that Enceladus' methane is biological; after all, the substance can be produced geologically as well (by reactions between rock and hot water, in fact). But the new results could help inform the search for life on ocean moons in the solar system, Rittmann said.
"From an astronomical perspective, future missions to Enceladus or other icy moons should be equipped to be able to detect methanogenic biosignatures related to methanogens, like certain lipids or ratios of certain carbon isotopes," he said.
There are currently no Enceladus missions on the books of NASA or any other space agency. But both NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA) are developing missions to explore the icy ocean moons of Jupiter.
NASA's entry, called Europa Clipper, will assess the habitability of the buried ocean on the Jovian satellite Europa over the course of dozens of flybys. ESA's mission, called Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE), will also study Europa, though it will focus more on Ganymede and, to a lesser extent, Callisto.
Europa Clipper and JUICE are both scheduled to launch in the 2020s. NASA is also working on a separate Europa lander mission, though that project remains a concept at the moment.
The new study was published online today (Feb. 27) in the journal Nature Communications.
Scientists have also spotted methane in the atmosphere of Mars, and they're not sure where the Red Planet's store of the stuff is coming from. But more information should be coming soon: The Trace Gas Orbiter, part of the European-Russian ExoMars exploration program, is scheduled to begin measuring and mapping Mars methane in mid-April.
It may not be as widely available as say a bottle of Poland Spring, but the water on the Moon may be more accessible than first thought, giving new hope for its potential.
The analysis, which appeared in the journal Nature Geoscience earlier this month, may wind up letting researchers understand where the water comes from. It could also indicate whether it could be used to sustain life or for conversion into rocket fuel, breaking it down into its base elements, hydrogen and oxygen.
"Regardless of the specific composition or formation mechanism, we conclude that OH/H2O [Hydroxide/Water] can be present on the Moon under thermal conditions more wide-ranging than previously recognized," the study's abstract reads. The study was conducted by Michael Poston, Joshua Bandfield, Rachel Klima and Christopher Edwards.
“By putting some limits on how mobile the water or the OH on the surface is, we can help constrain how much water could reach the cold traps in the polar regions,” said Poston in a NASA press release.
Water was first discovered on the Moon in 2009 by three spacecraft. However, it was believed up until now that the water was trapped in "cold traps" at the Moon's poles. That is no longer the case.
According to NASA, a cold trap is a region that’s "so cold, the water vapor and other volatiles which come into contact with the surface will remain stable for an extended period of time, perhaps up to several billion years."
It's still unclear how accessible the water is, but the study does suggest that it can be found on the lunar surface both during the day and the night.
It's also unclear what its source is, though the team did not rule out that the water may be emanating from the Moon itself, via minerals.
“Some of these scientific problems are very, very difficult, and it’s only by drawing on multiple resources from different missions that are we able to hone in on an answer,” said NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter project scientist John Keller in the release.
The study follows recent reports that suggest there may be an underground network of lava tubes on the Moon which may provide access to subsurface ice, as well as water.
MIT and Arizona State University researchers are hot on the heels of the Universe’s first stars: they’ve traced the faint signals of hydrogen gas energized by stellar radiation just 180 million years after the Big Bang.
Image via Pixabay.
Where does everything come from? That’s one of the questions people have been burning to answer since times immemorial. It’s a hugely complicated question, but science can offer some bits and pieces to start cobbling the answer together. A paper published today by MIT and Arizona State University researchers uncovered a fundamental one such piece: the earliest evidence of hydrogen gas and the earliest evidence of stars igniting that we’ve ever seen.
The gas from whence we came
Using a table-sized radio antenna plopped down in a remote part of western Australia, dubbed EDGES (Experiment to Detect Global EoR Signature), the team managed to pick up trace signals generated by hydrogen gas, just 180 million years after the Big Bang. This is the earliest evidence we’ve ever seen for the presence of hydrogen in the early universe — a very important find, considering hydrogen is the simplest, and thus first, atom out there. The team was also able to determine that by this time, the gas bore traces of the first stars in the world.
“This is the first real signal that stars are starting to form, and starting to affect the medium around them,” says study co-author Alan Rogers, a scientist at MIT’s Haystack Observatory.
“What’s happening in this period is that some of the radiation from the very first stars is starting to allow hydrogen to be seen. It’s causing hydrogen to start absorbing the background radiation, so you start seeing it in silhouette, at particular radio frequencies.”
The EDGES instrument was designed to pick up radio signals generated during a time in the universe’s history known as the Epoch of Reionization, or EoR. It’s during this time that we think the first sources of light (such as stars) sprang up in the world, from a sort of cosmic primordial soup made up mostly of hydrogen gas. Not much else was happening before this time, mostly due to a lack of energy to change objects in the universe: hydrogen, for example, was virtually invisible, as its energy state made it indistinguishable from the surrounding cosmic background radiation.
The dark Horsehead Nebula in the constellation Orion. Hydrogen corresponds to red. Image credits Ken Crawford.
But the birth of these sources of light and energy ionized the hydrogen gas, changing its energy state, and making it release energy as radio waves — and that’s exactly what EDGES was designed to pick up.
However, not all went according to plan. When the team looked at the frequency range the antenna was designed to pick up, between 100 to 200 megahertz, they hardly picked up any signal.
Void-cold
One explanation they came up with is that the theoretical models which we used to calculate what emissions this early hydrogen would give off overestimated the gas’ temperature. So they re-crunched the numbers, this time assuming that the hydrogen and its environment were at about the same, lower temperature. They decided their best bet was to search the 50 to 100 megahertz frequency range, so they returned their antenna and flipped the switch again.
“As soon as we switched our system to this lower range, we started seeing things that we felt might be a real signature,” Rogers says.
The device picked up a flattened absorption profile (i.e. a dip in the radio wave-spectrum) centered around 78 megahertz. Rogers adds that the frequency corresponds to “roughly 180 million years after the Big Bang”, adding that “this has got to be the earliest” detection of a signal from hydrogen we yet have. To put things into perspective, we know that the universe is at least 11 billion years old, and most estimates place its age upwards of 13.5 billion years.
The radio profile matches theoretical predictions of a star-hydrogen interaction. These early stellar bodies poured ultraviolet radiation out into the void, ionizing any surrounding body of hydrogen. As a result, the gas began to absorb background radiation, which changed the spin on its single electron. Ultimately, this change made the atoms emit, rather than absorb, radiation, at a characteristic wavelength of 21 centimeters, or a frequency of 1,420 megahertz — becoming, in effect, ‘visible’ for the first time.
Red-shift affected these waves, so by the time it reached present-day Earth, it was somewhere in the range of 100 megahertz.
But the dip in the radio spectrum was also stronger and deeper than the models predicted — suggesting that the hydrogen was indeed colder than previously assumed. The team estimates that the hydrogen gas and the universe as a whole must have been twice as cold as previously estimated, at about 3 kelvins, or -270.15 degrees Celsius / -454 degrees Fahrenheit.
The edges of discovery
Image credits MIT / Haystack Observatory.
The research is likely the best window we’ll have into the universe’s early history for a long time to come. It took an incredible scientific effort to obtain these results. It took years of hard work for engineers and scientists to design, re-design, and re-calibrate the EDGES instrument to even have a hope of picking up on these signals. Peter Kurczynski, program director for Advanced Technologies and Instrumentation in the Division of Astronomical Sciences at the National Science Foundation, the organization that built EDGES, compares it to “being in the middle of a hurricane and trying to hear the flap of a hummingbird’s wing.”
“Sources of noise can be a thousand times brighter than the signal they are looking for,” he explains.
It was built in the middle of Australia’s nowhere (which has to be at least nowhere squared) because it was the most remote place they could get to — and that limited interference from man-made radio signals, which would easily overpower any of the signals the antenna was designed to pick up on.
“It is unlikely that we’ll be able to see any earlier into the history of stars in our lifetimes,” lead author Judd Bowman of ASU says. “This project shows that a promising new technique can work and has paved the way for decades of new astrophysical discoveries.”
It’s also the first actual glimpse we get into this period of the universe, a particularly important one — these were, after all, the universe’s early days. The foundation of everything we see today was laid down during that Epoch.
WETENSCHAP Astronomen zijn erin geslaagd signalen te detecteren die te maken hebben met het verschijnen van de eerste sterren in het universum, 13,6 miljard jaar geleden, of dus kort na het ontstaan van het heelal. Dat staat in het wetenschappelijke vakblad Nature.
De intensiteit van de waargenomen signalen laat veronderstellen dat het universum veel sneller is afgekoeld dan gedacht. Dit kan leiden tot het herzien van de kosmologische modellen, en het mogelijk beter begrijpen van de mysterieuze donkere materie, die voor telescopen onzichtbaar is.
De bewuste astrofysici, onder wie Brian Schmidt, winnaar van de Nobelprijs voor Fysica in 2011, noemen de ontdekking “revolutionair”. Anderen roepen op tot “voorzichtigheid”. De observatie moet nog bevestigd worden door instrumenten en andere teams van wetenschappers.
WETENSCHAP & PLANEET Dat er water te vinden is op onze maan, weten we al een tijdje. Nieuw onderzoek heeft nu echter uitgewezen dat die waterbronnen veel beter toegankelijk zijn dan eerst gedacht.
Bijna een decennium geleden werd met sondes bevestigd dat er water is op de maan. De theorie luidde toen dat het vervat zat aan de polen in zogenaamde ‘cold traps’. Dat zijn gebieden die zo koud zijn dat waterdamp en andere vluchtige stoffen die met het oppervlak in aanraking komen gedoemd zijn om daar misschien wel miljarden jaren op rij stabiel te blijven. Maar nieuw en veelbelovend onderzoek zet die theorie op de helling, zo blijkt uit een recente publicatie in het vakblad Nature Geoscience gemeld.
Twee maanmissies, de Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter en de Chandrayaan-1, geven aan dat het water op onze maan over het hele oppervlak verspreid kan zijn. Het zou dus niet beperkt zijn tot een bepaalde regio’s (zoals de polen) of vastzitten in een bepaald terrein (zoals kraters). Bovendien lijkt het water zowel dag als nacht aanwezig te zijn, voornamelijk in de vorm van OH (of hydroxyl). Dit bestaat uit één zuurstofatoom en één waterstofatoom.
Hoe toegankelijk het water is en waar het vandaan komt, is niet duidelijk. Maar mogelijk kan het uiteindelijk als drinkwater dienen, tot waterstof en zuurstof voor raketmotoren worden geconverteerd of tot lucht voor ruimtereizigers worden herleid.
That question gets more difficult to answer every day as new announcements are released about robotic achievements and advances in artificial intelligence. Just in the past week we’ve seen a realistic robotic dog that can open a door and fight off a human who tries to stop it, a realistic walking humanoid robot that puts out fires, a call to equip robots with kill switches, a warning that robots will use humans as guinea pigs and a call to be cautious rather than dystopic. Which one is it?
Boston Dynamics, a world leader in robotics, released two videos of one of its latest inventions – a four-legged SpotMini robot dog that can open a door with its ‘mouth’. The popularfirst video shows how cute the robotic pet looks as it grabs the knob without the usual canine slobber, while the second, which is called “Testing Robustness,” shows the pit bull wannabe fighting off a human who tries to stop it. Here’s a telling statement from the second video’s commentary:
“The ability to tolerate and respond automatically to disturbances like these improves successful operation of the robot. (Note: This testing does not irritate or harm the robot.)”
What about irritating or harming humans?
Not SpotMini but this is how it starts
Next, the Italian Institute of Technology’s (IIT) released a video of its WALK-MAN humanoid robot performing a simulated disaster rescue operation during an industrial plant disaster where it walks into a room, turns off a leaking gas valve, clears out debris and operates a fire extinguisher. While not fully autonomous (yet), all it will take is for one WALK-MAN to rescue a baby in a fire to move humans to embrace it like the Sony Walkman of the 80s and 90s (which ultimately took control of how humans listen to music … coincidence?).
Do we need to put a ‘kill switch’ or ‘kill chip’ in the brains of robots to stop them before their AI turns on their human overlords (if they even exist anymore) and kills their makers? Futurist Dr. Michio Kaku said in a Reddit Q/A session that he thinks it’s imperative to do this … and here’s why.
“I think we should chip their brain to shut them off if they have murderous thoughts.”
Murderous thoughts in robots! The plot of many sci-fi movies, which Dr. Kaku doesn’t see happening until 2100. But what about in the meantime? Fellow futurologist Dr. Ian Pearson has his own dystopian view of the future. He told The Sun he believes robots will act like rogue states and, as they gain more intelligence than humans, turn us into their own enslaved guinea pigs.
“We’ll have trained it to be like us, trained it to feel emotions like us, but it won’t be like us. It will be a bit like aliens off Star Trek—smarter and more calculated in its actions. It will be insensitive to humans, viewing us as barbaric. So when it decides to carry out its own experiments, with viruses that it’s created, it will treat us like guinea pigs.”
Guinea pigs of robots! Another great sci-fi plot that seems awfully close to reality – far sooner than 2100. Is there any hope for humans against robots and their murderous, rogue-state AI brains?
“What we are faced with, this list suggests, is not an existential threat to humanity but sharper forms of the problems with which we are already grappling. AI should be seen not in terms of super-intelligent machines but as clever bits of software that, depending on the humans wielding them, can be used either for good or ill.”
There have certainly long been plenty of reports of reptilian humanoids reported across cultures and all over the world, some of which I have covered here at Mysterious Universe before, and such beings have become intertwined with the myths and legends of many cultures throughout our planet. But taking it to the next surreal level is a rather persistent and pervasive conspiracy theory that not only are lizard people real, but that they are taking over the world as we know it. It is an idea so far out in the fringe that it is considered pretty out there even among other conspiracy theorists, yet it has managed to become rather stubborn and pervasive, an idea that has gained momentum and just will not go away, and the notion that we are in thrall to some mysterious race of reptilian overlords seems like it is here to stay for awhile.
The main thrust of such bizarre theories originates with a man named David Icke. Originally a professional soccer player, before moving on in later years to the position of sportscaster, Icke’s calling took a sharp right turn into the bizarre when he had a “spiritual awakening” and became deeply interested in psychic abilities and various unexplained phenomena. He began to take up the reputation of being a psychic, making various predictions and outlandish claims, including one in which he insisted the world would end in 1997 (hint- it didn’t). He really found his true calling, however, when he latched onto the idea that ancient shape-changing reptilian aliens had come to Earth thousands of years ago and were in the process of infiltrating society for the sinister purposes of taking over the world to work towards some sort of New World Order.
David Icke
The theory first leapt out into the public consciousness with the publication of Icke’s book The Biggest Secret, in which he lays out the whole thing in great detail. According to Icke, his research showed that millennia ago a race of reptilian aliens called the the Anunnaki visited Earth and began to press us and mate with us, spreading out their bloodlines and working their way into society until they controlled all aspects of our life. Icke claimed that these creatures could shape-shift or possess humans, and they were claimed to have designed all of the world’s major religions, as well as government systems and other aspects of civilization as we know it, all while they fed upon us and performed human sacrifices and genetic manipulation on us.
Icke claims that the presence of these beings was well-known amongst ancient peoples, and cites as proof several passages from religious books such as the Bible, where he claims there can be found references to these Reptilians and their efforts to interbreed with and control humans. He also cites the numerous references throughout cultures to the worship of reptile gods and other entities, such as the Mesopotamian reptile serpent god Quetzalcoatl, the reptilian Naga of India, and many others. This is all evidence of out ancestors having had contact with out reptilian overlords in ancient times, according to Icke. He would say of this incredible theory:
I make these connections, not just from intuition, but from a tremendous amount of ancient and modern evidence that shows that this reptilian connection travels right through these thousands of years to the present day. Some of these references to serpents and dragons are obviously symbolic, not the least, the Kundalini energy and other things, but when you look at the evidence, there is a tremendous number of literal references to serpent people – serpent gods.
Over the centuries these Reptilians interbred with us and spread out to the world along with humankind, and managed to insert themselves into important families and organizations, from which they control religion, the government, education, and of course the media. These creatures are apparently attracted to our planet because of the “vibrations” present here, plus the fact that we give them a chance to continue to reproduce. Icke said of this:
The reptilians and other manipulating entities exist only just outside the frequency range of our physical senses. Their own physical form has broken down and they can no longer re-produce. Thus they have sought to infiltrate human form and so use that to exist and control in this dimension. They chose the Earth for this infiltration because it most resembles in vibration the locations from which they originate. These reptilians are addicted to the dense physical “world” and the sensations it offers and they have no desire to advance higher. Their aim in this period is to stop the Earth and incarnate humanity from making the shift from dense physical prison into multi-dimensional paradise.
By having power in every single country, the Reptilians have created a global prison that people don’t even realize they’re in. The prison was created by drawing country lines, which leads to endless wars and conflicts. Another way they control humans is by distracting us with media, entertainment, and even politics. They’ve also made the population stupid and lazy by poisoning food, the air, and the water.
A crucial aspect of all of this has been to create a network of mystery schools and secret societies to covertly introduce their agenda while, at the same time, creating institutions like religions to mentally and emotionally imprison the masses and set them at war with each other.
One common theme with the whole Reptilian conspiracy is interbreeding with human and genetic experiments upon us. This mixing of their DNA with that of humans and other genetic doctoring has been claimed to have several purposes. One is to allow them to more completely blend in and infiltrate us, and another is that it was meant to limit our mental capacity in order to keep us meek, stupid, and compliant. According to Icke, this reptilian DNA lies dormant within many of us, waiting to be activated at a moment’s notice to serve the whims of our Reptilian overlords. His whole philosophy on this is quite complex, and at times really absolutely bonkers, but he says of it:
These reptilians and their allies have corrupted Earth DNA with their own and this genetic infiltration lies dormant until it is activated by the vibrational fields generated by the Illuminati secret society rituals, and others in the public eye like the carefully designed coronations and official ceremonies of many kinds, including even the UK State Opening of Parliament and certainly those of the various religions.
Once activated, the DNA opens the body to possession by these reptilians and other beings, and this is what is happening, for example, to Freemasons in the rituals that most of them deliver parrot fashion while having no idea of their vibrational significance. This is why the Illuminati are so obsessed with knowing a person’s bloodline. They know which have the potential for this activation and possession and which do not. The Mormon Church genealogical data base and now the DNA data banks are designed to identify those with the bloodline. These are the people who are given jobs and roles that serve the Illuminati agenda, while most of them have no idea what is really going on and what they are being used for. Their DNA is then activated and they go through a change of character (a phrase I have heard so many times in relation to such people once they advance in the system) and a very different consciousness takes over their mental and emotional processes.
Each new generation of the Illuminati bloodline families is exposed to the appropriate ritual to activate their possession by the reptilian entities and so the cycle goes on. The phrase that comes to mind is “…forgive them for they know not what they do.
This all goes very deep, according to Icke, with the bloodline of the aliens getting rather complex, and with a hierarchy involved with both the Reptoids themselves and the many hybrids they have spawned that are said to walk amongst us. In particular, Icke makes frequent mention of the difference between “full bloods,” meaning they are of or close to the original Reptilian alien stock, and hybrids, which are generally lower on the totem pole. Full bloods are claimed to be in possession of a vast array of powers, such as shape-changing, which is supposedly achieved through vibrations that trick the human mind into seeing what the Reptilian wants you to see, and other abilities such as mind-control. Hybrids, on the other hand, are said to lack these powers, look very much like humans without any obfuscation, and are often not even aware of their alien ancestry. These hybrids are apparently constantly manipulated and influenced by the pureblood ruling class towards their own agendas. Icke even claims that there are two different races of Reptilian; the winged Dracos and the more humanoid Reptoids. It is a lot to take in.
Seeing as these Reptilians are said to be fond of taking over the wealthiest and most powerful of families and secret societies, it is perhaps no surprise that Icke names many of them as being without a doubt crawling with lizard people. The ever present conspiratorial society called the Illuminati is said to be basically Lizard Central, with many families of pureblood Reptilians in its ranks, and the mythology of this all incredibly complex and beyond the scope of what I plan to go into here, but which was written of extensively in Stewart A. Swerdlow’s book Blue Blood, True Blood: Conflict & Creation, which goes into considerable, meticulous detail on as to how the Reptilians are connected to the dealings of the notorious Illuminati.
Of course, these alleged Reptilians can apparently be seen in powerful mainstream families politics, and other public figures and historical figures as well. The French king Charlemagne, the Pope, the Rockefellers, the powerful Rothschild family of Germany, the British Royal family, and many American presidents including George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, the Clintons, the Obamas, and the Bushes, and, yes, Trump, are all named as Reptilians in disguise. Countless entertainers are also accused of being Reptilians, including Bob Hope, Marilyn Monroe, Brad Pitt, Angelina Jolie, Britney Spears, Justin Bieber, and many others. Virtually everyone who is anyone is suspected by Icke of being a Reptilian or hybrid, and it all serves to keep us under control and subservient to our real, Reptilian masters.
The media is also accused by Icke of being highly influenced by the Reptilians, and they supposedly use it as a tool to feed us a constant barrage of images and stories designed to dull our minds, usurp our common sense and rationality, and keep us asleep and “unconscious.” Adding to the list of conspiracies of plots perpetuated by the Reptilians is that they also seek to use medication and drugs such as alcohol to manipulate us, and that they have effectively corrupted our food and water supply with such insidious chemical agents. These are not really new ideas among those who distrust government and politicians in general, by it is all given a rather bizarre spin when it is all blamed on flesh-eating, shape-shifting reptilian aliens from beyond the stars looking to subjugate the human race for their own inscrutable purposes.
This may all sound rather insane, and in many ways it perhaps is, yet Icke and others like him have still managed to draw large numbers of people into these incredible theories and accusations. Websites and books on the Reptilian conspiracy go through great lengths to provide the “evidence,” and are often so dense with esoteric jargon and psuedo-science, and worded in such a way that it is easy to see how it might resonate with someone as true and how they might get sucked down into the rabbit hole to actually start believing this stuff. I waded through quite a bit of it while looking into this, and it is all admittedly an assault on the psyche that could very feasibly pull someone in, and by all accounts it already has. Indeed, it is estimated that a full 12 million Americans believe that this is all true, and that a secret race of Lizard People rule from behind the scenes pulling the strings and subjugating us through whatever means possible. In the end it is up to each individual to decide what one believes, but for this author if there are mysterious entities controlling our lives from the background, then I would say that it is not reptilian Lizard People. It is obviously the Greys.
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VREEMDE CONSTRUCTIE WORDT ZICHTBAAR OP ANTARCTICA
VREEMDE CONSTRUCTIE WORDT ZICHTBAAR OP ANTARCTICA
Het ijzige continent Antarctica is niet altijd bevroren geweest en door de heftige aardveranderingen en de zogenaamde wobble van de aarde wordt het op sommige plaatsen kouder dan normaal en elders precies andersom.
En dat betekent dan weer dat er op Antarctica dingen zichtbaar worden die voorheen verborgen bleven.
Wat het veroorzaakt, weten we niet precies. Het kan komen door de aardveranderingen waarbij het weer op sommige plaatsen anders wordt dan normaal of het kan een andere oorzaak hebben, maar op Antarctica wordt iets zichtbaar wat er voorheen niet was.
Het ziet er ongeveer zo uit:
Het geheel is ongeveer 300 meter lang en de muren zijn tussen de 30 en 50 meter hoog.
Het is niet iets natuurlijks en wanneer je het wat verder uitvergroot ziet het er zo uit:
Het lijkt op de restanten van een gebouw of een nederzetting waar ooit mensen hebben gewoond.
Je kunt het ook zelf bekijken wanneer je de volgende coördinaten gebruikt:: 69°53'42.03"S 8°42'22.02"E
Steeds vaker zie je beelden van mensen die vlak in de buurt van onze zon een "tweede zon" waarnemen, vooral bij zonsopkomst en -ondergang.
Al snel worden dit soort opnames verwezen naar het rijk der fabelen en afgedaan als lensflares, maar steeds vaker gaat ook die vlieger niet meer op.
Voor ons is het niet zo verrassend dat er steeds vaker een tweede zon wordt waargenomen. Maar, voor de meeste mensen is dit toch iets onvoorstelbaars, want er is toch helemaal geen vreemde planeet in ons zonnestelsel?
Voor hen is het misschien toch wel schokkend om te zien dat er steeds vaker beelden worden gemaakt van een soort tweede zon. De positie waar deze wordt waargenomen kan behoorlijk variëren, zeker met zonsopkomst en -ondergang en is helemaal afhankelijk van de positie op aarde.
Iemand aan wie we al vaker aandacht aan hebben besteed, is een dame uit West Virginia, Amber Williamson, die eind vorig jaar bijzondere opnames maakte. Deze zijn uitgebreid gecontroleerd door Marshall Masters en hij is ervan overtuigd dat ze echt zijn en bovendien heeft Amber deze tweede zon ook met het blote oog waargenomen.
Zo maakte zij onlangs de volgende opnames tegen zonsondergang. Je ziet de normale zon en daarachter heel duidelijk een tweede planeet/zon. Deze opname is heel mooi, want het sluit een lensflare uit, simpelweg omdat de tweede zon zich achter de bomen bevindt, wat bij een lensflare niet kan.
De volgende opname is genomen door Philip Sinclair uit Somerset in de Amerikaanse staat Massachusetts. Ook deze foto is door Marshall Masters gecontroleerd en volgens hem echt en ook hier zie je de tweede zon gedeeltelijk schuil gaan achter wolken. Ook hier is de opname gemaakt tegen zonsondergang.
De volgende opname is niet tegen zonsondergang, maar wat eerder op de dag genomen door Steve Dix uit Flagstaff in de staat Arizona. Ook deze foto is na controle echt bevonden en laat duidelijk een tweede zon zien aan de hemel. (Redactie: wij hebben twijfels over of dit niet toch een lensflare is.)
De volgende opname is voor de verandering genomen tijdens zonsopkomst. Ook hier is heel duidelijk sprake van een tweede zon.
Aan de rechterkant de zon, links de tweede zon/planeet en ook hier geen sprake van een lensflare omdat ook hier de planeet gedeeltelijk achter de wolken schuil gaat.
De exacte locatie is niet bekend, maar zo te horen aan de stem van de vrouw in onderstaande video, ergens in Amerika. Wat deze video ook interessant maakt, is dat de vrouwe die deze heeft gemaakt ooit slechts enkele video's op haar kanaal heeft geplaatst en op het moment dat wij de video zagen deze slechts 22 keer was bekeken.
Het heeft dan ook alle kenmerken van een echte opname en het is zeker niet de maan, want de opkomsttijd van de maan in Amerika was op de datum van 4 februari toen deze video werd gemaakt, pas 's avonds.
ALIEN MOTHERSHIP? Huge object seen ’releasing UFOs’ over city in bizarre video
ALIEN MOTHERSHIP? Huge object seen ’releasing UFOs’ over city in bizarre video
A HUGE craft has allegedly been recorded "releasing several smaller UFOs" over a city, a video report by conspiracy theorists claims. Footage released by YouTube UFO channel Thirdphaseofmoon shows what appears to be a cluster of lights hovering in the night sky.
Another added: “I never thought I would say this but that is an alien ship.”
But a third was more sceptical, writing: “Large group of Chinese lanterns.”
Scott Brando who runs debunking website Ufoofinterest.org said: "Those lights are not parachuters but military cluster flares during a usual military drill filmed several times in those skies."He provided a link to a YouTube video showing a similar operation.He later tweeted: "This cluster of lights suddenly appeared in the sky above the village of Novogradska in south-western #Ukraine are not #UFOs but were targets (parachuted flares) used during military drill involving Ukrainian Marines, confirmed by their spokesman."
Can satellites shapeshift? Thanks to innovation from Britain, they will. The Eutelsat Quantum satellite will be the first commercial satellite to reconfigure in orbit.
SHAPE SHIFTING
While the U.S. and Russia often steal the scene when it comes to wondrous space missions, in Europe the U.K is launching a new satellite that is sure to surprise its international partners. The Eutelsat Quantum satellite, built by the firm Airbus, will be the first commercial satellite equipped to shapeshift while in orbit. Operators will be able to reconfigure the satellite in real time, modifying elements such as its frequency and the areas of the earth it covers.
Speaking with Phys.org, Yohann Leroy, deputy CEO of French satellite operator Eutelsat, said that“what is really new is the level of flexibility that the satellite will provide […] thanks to a combination of technologies that we will put on board the satellite.”
The satellite, set to launch in 2019, will have a 15-year lifespan — with an additional three years taken into consideration for building — and will use its ability to reconfigure to keep up with changing market conditions and differing regulatory parameters. Instead of satellite makers having to predict the market or have their satellites become obsolete fast, the Eutelsat Quantum satellite boasts an extreme flexibility that will keep it ahead of the game.
BRITISH SPACE
To give one example of how a hyper-flexible satellite like this might be beneficial, take the marine industry. To track a terminal’s journey across an ocean, you would typically have to use multiple beams from various satellites to cover all of the different regions across the water. Using this tech, a single beam from this one satellite would do the job.
Additionally, traditional satellites are often custom produced, which makes them unique but less adaptable. This satellite, however, would be built following a reproducible standard, which means it could be mass produced. While this may give pause to those concerned about space pollution, it would definitely improve access to satellite technology.
It’s unclear yet whether or not such flexibility will become mainstream in the future, but the new model’s capabilities are promising. What is sure is that the U.K. is making headway in this ambitious niche of the space industry.
Photos shot from UFO Seekers allegedly show unknown, triangular object interacting with two U.S. Air Force F-16s.
On Feb. 15, 2017, UFO seekers Tim Doyle and Tracey Su were camping near Groom Lake to take pictures and film videos of activity in the skies inside Area 51. During their stay, they spotted a couple of F-16s dogfighting and snapped some shots at the jets. It wasn’t until they got back home, when they started reviewing the pictures, that they noticed a third unidentified aircraft that they described as a “triangular” object which appeared to be dogfighting the “Vipers” (as the F-16s are dubbed within the fighter pilots community).
The video below includes the pictures shot by Tracey (go to 19:45).
“We try to be a medium between the UFO Community and the Aviation Community. My dad worked at Plant 42 and other family had similar jobs. So people shouldn’t believe we would ever jump to advocating the existence of aliens or an alien craft at AREA 51. But that day we did catch a third craft, unfortunately we only used the photos in the video. All media from that trip was lost in a hard drive failure. In fact UFO Seekers lost over 5 months worth of media (6TB). It may have been a foreign aircraft as that is the primary purpose of the airspace at Groom Lake. Also I know the Air Force tests craft like the Polecat at the NTTR so it may have been an unmanned drone. But maybe, just maybe, it was something more,” said Tim in a message to The Aviationist.
The two F-16s flying close to the mysterious object (highlighted). This is a screen grab from UFO Seekers video filmed close to Area 51.
Here’s the mysterious object. (Screenshot from the UFO Seekers video).
The resolution of images in the video does not allow a proper identification of the object which might well be a drone (or a distant manned aircraft…such as an F-117 that was spotted flying over Nevada with accompanying F-16, in the recent past). Assessing the size is also difficult: even though the perspective might be a factor here, the object seems to be smaller than the F-16s, but probably much larger than a micro-drone as the bird-sized Perdix drones, 103 of those, launched from three F/A-18F Super Hornets, took part in one of the world’s largest micro-drone swarms over the skies of Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake, California on Oct. 25, 2016. That said, the aircraft could be a prototype of some new UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), maybe a UCAV (Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle), a weaponized drone.
Considered the position of the two fighters, rather than a dogfight, it seems that the jets were chasing the mysterious object rather than engaging it. Maybe they had just intercepted it in a simulated VID mission, or they were simply shadowing or filming a test flight. However, unlike what happened last year with the shots of the Su-27P dofighting with an F-16 inside Area 51, these new photos embedded in a YT video can’t provide a clear picture of the interaction.
Famous Black Knight UFO satellite myth 'solved' by YouTube novice in just 11 minutes
Famous Black Knight UFO satellite myth 'solved' by YouTube novice in just 11 minutes
From the nervous, shaky start, you can tell it's his first ever YouTube video. The narrator even apologised for his amateur presenting style and asked viewers to bear with him.
But after an 11-minute DIY filming attempt, YouTube user NUA appears to have successfully debunked 1998 photographs of the so-called 'Black Knight satellite'.
This month new video footage from UFO conspiracists, widely believed to be a CGI hoax, did the rounds on social media as alleged further proof of the mysterious alien satellite.
Alien researchers have been calling the myth "one of the most convincing pieces of evidence for the existence of intelligent extraterrestrial life" for the past 17 years, while some claim it has orbited Earth for at least 13,000 years.
But NUA's video - titled "Black Knight Satellite UFO Documentary - Truth Exposed 2015 - (Debunked)" - claims to conclusively prove the 'Black Knight', as photographed in 1998 NASA images, was nothing more than a satellite thermal blanket lost by the crew of the Endeavor space shuttle as they worked on the developing the International Space Station (ISS).
In his video, NUA compared NASA video of the Endeavor mission which shows a thermal blanket on the ISS.
The same blanket is then seen being dropped by the crew as it tumbles away into space.
NASA
ALIEN SATELLITE? It appears to be just a NASA thermal blanket.
He highlights the blanket as being exactly the same shape as the 'Black Knight' in the 1998 pictures seized on by conspiracists and explains that the object only appeared to change shape because it was turning as it fell away.
After releasing the pictures in 1998, NASA said it was a thermal blanket, but it did not stop a wave of conspiracists branding it a huge cover up.
The legend of the alien satellite seems to have then been retrospectively dated back to 1899 when Nicola Tesla announced he was picking up radio waves coming from space, prompting people to suggest something alien was out there.
Experiments in 1928 in Oslo, Norway, picked up the same signals.
In 1954, US state newspapers carried quotes from Donald Keyhoe, a retired naval aviation major and UFO researcher, claiming the US Air Force had detected two satellites orbiting Earth, despite none yet being launched from our planet.
NASA*YouTube
NUA looked at the blanket from all angles to spot identical features.
Time then ran a 1960 piece, following the launch of satellites from Earth, stating that the US Navy detected a dark object, possibly a Soviet spy satellite, with a highly irregular orbit.
The myth developed in 1963 when NASA astronaut Gordon Cooper was reported as saying he had seen the 'Black Knight Satellite' while in space, but there was a media blackout upon his return and the US space agency allegedly put it down to cosmic hallucinations.
It has been reported that a decade later in 1973, a researcher from Scotland, Duncan Lunan, looked back at the Norwegian scientists' data from 1928, before claiming the "messages" suggested the 'Black Knight' was sent by aliens from Epsilon Boötis, as a welcome message to Earth 12,600 years ago.
Many sceptics claim the legend was retrospectively created after the 1998 pictures emerged, with the preceding odd events weaved into the story to make it more convincing.
The noises from 1899 and 1928 remain a mystery, but the possible causes do not so far include an alien satellite, according to scientists.
They insist research shows that in 1954 Mr Keyhoe had been promoting a UFO book and the articles had been written in a tongue-in-cheek fashion by the papers.
NASA*YouTube
Do you agree NUA has solved the Black Knight mystery?
A follow-up, but less widely read, article in Time also confirmed that the strange satellite had in fact been the remains of an Air Force Discoverer satellite that had gone astray, they found.
There are reports that Mr Cooper, although maintaining he saw a number of UFOs in space, never claimed to have seen the 'Black Knight satellite' on that mission or at all.
Mr Lunan is also later reported to have denied suggesting any alien satellite had its origins 12,600 years ago and that his conclusion that the noises were a star map were from unscientific methods.
Despite NUA's video, many UFO researchers refuse to believe the fabled 'Black Knight satellite' could be just a thermal blanket, insisting, it is a craft of solid construction.
One 'Black Knight' believer posted online about the thermal blanket explanation: "Classic debunking (rubbish). The things these nutters will come up with just so someone will listen to them."
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'UFO hovered over my head' Robbie Williams says a flying saucer came close enough to hit
'UFO hovered over my head' Robbie Williams says a flying saucer came close enough to hit
ROBBIE Williams claims a flying saucer once hovered over his head and was so close he could have hit the UFO with a tennis ball and the pop legend insists he was stone cold sober at the time. The former Take That star says the UFO was so close he could have hit a tennis ball at it had he been holding one and a racket.
The singer is also not the only 1990s northern music sensation to claim to have seen a UFO at close hand.
In 2015 Madchester legend Shaun Ryder told how he came face to face with a huge UFO hovering over his back garden.
The Happy Mondays and Black Grape lead singer claims he was not tripping on magic mushrooms or other hallucinogenics when a 20ft by 10ft flying saucer appeared over him in South America.
And The Beatles legend, the late John Lennon once told how he was with his secretary May Pang at his New York apartment on August 23 1974 when a flashing UFO appeared.
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Alien bases hidden across UK claims conspiracy theorist after 20-year old UFO snap emerges
Alien bases hidden across UK claims conspiracy theorist after 20-year old UFO snap emerges
ALIEN bases are hidden across Britain, one of the top UFO hunters has claimed as he suggested extraterrestrial life is working with the military underground. Scott C Waring, editor of Ufosightingsdaily.com, claims aliens are secretly working with the British military in hidden underground bases.
Alien conspiracy theorists have claimed for years that there are hidden underground bases in the US, where alien visitors held the US Air Force reverse engineer their flying saucer technology.
However, it has not widely been claimed there are any in the UK.
The alien base conspiracy theory ties in with other claims that the US Government has known for years that aliens visit earth but keeps it hidden from the public for fear of the impact the knowledge would have on religion and the rule of law.
Mr Waring published an article on hos website which claimed there was no proof of alien bases in the UK - due to an historic UFO sighting that has just emerged.
MUFON
Scott C Waring claimed there are UK alien bases after a 20-year-old UFO snap emerges.
There is just too much evidence coming from GB to deny the existence of aliens any longer. The truth is, we are not alone, and never have been.
Scott C Waring
In his article entitled "Black Disk Seen In Sky Over Great Britain, Proof Alien Bases Exist In GB" he said the sighting took place on March 8 1998, in Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, but has just been reported to the Mutual UFO Network (MUFON.)
US-based MUFON is the world's biggest organisation dedicated to UFO investigation and it keeps a global database of sightings going back years.
Mr Waring, now based in Taiwan, said: "I really like this photo. It shows a classic shaped UFO in the far distance above Great Britain.
"There is just too much evidence coming from GB to deny the existence of aliens any longer.
"The truth is, we are not alone, and never have been."
MUFON
UFO? A close up of the alleged UFO taken 20 years ago.
In a report to MUFON, the original witness, who has not been named, said: "I had just bought a new camera and was trying it out by swizzling around and snapping pictures to see if the was any blurring.
"I took about ten pictures doing the same thing and I only looked at the first couple and they seemed good quality.
"So I downloaded them into a file on my computer and never thought any more about it.
"Then I acquired a program called Picasa which found lots of photos on my computer looking through them I spotted this one I thought it might have been a bird in flight and passed it by. "I have never bothered to much about it and it might be nothing at all, I will let you judge."
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27-02-2018
Argentina: UFOs Over a Rural Service Station in Entre Rios
Argentina: UFOs Over a Rural Service Station in Entre Rios
Source: AHORA (Argentina) Date: 02.26.2018 A report by Elias Moreira Aliendro
Argentina: UFOs Over a Rural Service Station in Entre Rios
The mysterious lights were recorded and shared on social media, where cybernauts were consulted as to their opinion of what the objects might be in an effort to arrive at a logical explanation. What could be involved here? See the photos.
Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs) were seen last night over the rural region of El Quebracho, Department of La Paz, over the premises of a local filling station.
The lights that could be seen and recorded by witnesses were shared on social media, where an effort to find a logical answer to the mystery was made. What could the lights have been?
"When we began asking questions, some suggested it could be a rebound effect of artificial lights, since there are dancing establishments in the local canyons. However, given the distance from where the place the photo was taken and Santa Elena, which is the nearest community, we don't believe those two single lights could have been the result," wrote local journalist Oscar Cuenca.
A major fire was unleashed in Granja Tres Arroyos, very near the area, causing considerable smoke over the region. "Given the density of the smoke in the air, others think a tube-shaped beam of light would have been necessary for the images to have been produced by a projector," said the reporter.
"Ultimately, others said on account of that the thickness of the smoke in the air, the luminous effect was caused by the atmosphere itself, as it was a clear night."
[Translation (c) 2018 IHU with thanks to Luis Burgos, Fundación Argentina de Ovnilogía]
Mystery solved: Luis Burgos writes - "A local witness tells me [the lights] were produced by a floodlight from a dance hall/bowling alley located a little more than 20 kilometers from the place, on Route 12. Given the density of the smoke-saturated air resulting from fires in the vicinity, this was the result."
The Universe Is Expanding Faster Than We Thought, Hubble Data Suggests
The Universe Is Expanding Faster Than We Thought, Hubble Data Suggests
By Samantha Mathewson, Space.com Contributor
Researchers analyzed 19 galaxies, including NGC 3972 (left) and NGC 1015 (right), which are 65 million and 118 million light-years from Earth, respectively. Both possessed pulsating stars called Cepheid variables that let researchers determine the distance to the galaxies.
Credit: A. Riess (STScl/JHU)/NASA/ESA
Recent Hubble Space Telescope findings suggest that the universe is expanding much faster than expected — and astronomers say the rules of physics may need to be rewritten in order to understand why.
"The community is really grappling with understanding the meaning of this discrepancy," Adam Riess, Nobel laureate and lead researcher on the study describing the new findings, said in the statement. Riess is an astronomer at STScI and a professor at Johns Hopkins University. [Our Expanding Universe: Age, History & Other Facts]
The Hubble Space Telescope measures the distance to other galaxies by examining a type of star that varies in brightness. These stars, called Cepheid variables, brighten and dim in a predictable way that lets researchers judge the distance to them. This data is then used to measure the universe's expansion rate, known as the Hubble constant.
The new findings show that eight Cepheid variables in our Milky Way galaxy are up to 10 times farther away than any previously analyzed star of this kind. Those Cepheids are more challenging to measure than others because they reside between 6,000 and 12,000 light-years from Earth. To handle that distance, the researchers developed a new scanning technique that allowed the Hubble Space Telescope to periodically measure a star's position at a rate of 1,000 times per minute, thus increasing the accuracy of the stars' true brightness and distance, according to the statement.
Researchers measured the universe's expansion by calculating the distance to several very distant stars called Cepheid variables, which pulse regularly and let researchers determine the distance to them based on their brightness. The eight newly measured Cepheids are 10 times farther away than any studied previously. Then, the researchers compared the brightness of those stars to the brightness of supernovas in the same galaxies, and compare them with the brightness of supernovas that are even farther out.
Credit: A. Field (STScl)/A. Riess (STScl/JHU)/NASA/ESA
The researchers compared their findings to earlier data from the European Space Agency's (ESA) Planck satellite. During its four-year mission, the Planck satellite mapped leftover radiation from the Big Bang, also known as the cosmic microwave background. The Planck data revealed a Hubble constant between 67 and 69 kilometers per second per megaparsec. (A megaparsec is roughly 3 million light-years.)
However, the Planck data gives a constant about 9 percent lower than that of the new Hubble measurements, which estimate that the universe is expanding at 73 kilometers per second per megaparsec, therefore suggesting that galaxies are moving faster than expected, according to the statement.
"Both results have been tested multiple ways, so barring a series of unrelated mistakes, it is increasingly likely that this is not a bug but a feature of the universe," Riess said.
One possible explanation for the discrepancy is that dark energy — the mysterious force known to be accelerating the cosmos — is driving galaxies farther apart with greater intensity. In this case, the acceleration of the universe may not have a constant value but rather may change over time.
Also, it's possible that elusive dark matter, which accounts for 80 percent of the matter in the universe, interacts more strongly with visible matter or radiation than once thought, the researchers said.
Another possible explanation includes a new kind of subatomic particle that travels close to the speed of light and would be affected only by gravity. Researchers named the superfast particles sterile neutrinos, and collectively, these particles are called dark radiation, according to the study, which has been accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal.
"Any of these scenarios would change the contents of the early universe, leading to inconsistencies in theoretical models," STScI representatives said in the statement. "These inconsistencies would result in an incorrect value for the Hubble constant, inferred from observations of the young cosmos. This value would then be at odds with the number derived from the Hubble observations."
The team plans to use data from the Hubble Space Telescope and ESA's Gaia space observatory to measure the precise positions and distances of stars and to further refine estimates of the universe's expansion rate.
Humans Will Hear from Intelligent Aliens This Century, Physicist Says
Humans Will Hear from Intelligent Aliens This Century, Physicist Says
By Jeanna Bryner, Live Science Managing Editor
The SETI Institute used its Alien Telescope Array in California to confirm an intriguing radio signal coming from the star HD 164595, located about 94 light-years from Earth.
Credit: SETI Institute
Humans will make contact with aliens by the end of the century, theoretical physicist and futurist Michio Kaku told Redditers last week. However, Kaku said he wasn't sure whether we'd be able to communicate directly with this unknown extraterrestrial society — one that could run the gamut from hostile to pacifist, according to Kaku.
In his AMA on Reddit, Kaku responded to a question about alien civilizations, saying, "Let me stick my neck out. I personally feel that within this century, we will make contact with an alien civilization, by listening in on their radio communications. But talking to them will be difficult, since they could be tens of light years away. So, in the meantime, we must decipher their language to understand their level of technology. Are they Type I, II, or III??? [These represent three categories in the Kardashev scale, measuring technological achievement in civilizations based on their level of energy use for communication.] And what are their intentions. Are they expansive and aggressive, or peaceful."
Kaku added, "Another possibility is that they land on the White House lawn and announce their existence. But I think that is unlikely, since we would be like forest animals to them, i.e. not worth communicating with." [Greetings, Earthlings! 8 Ways Aliens Could Contact Us]
Futurists and theoretical physicists, among others, have proposed a range of ideas for when and how Earthlings could "hear from" E.T., with one astronomer's calculation predicting it would happen within 1,500 yearsand another suggesting we'll find intelligent alien life by 2040.
Though a recent survey suggests humans would be cool with alien interlopers, many scientists and thinkers have warned about the risks involved. Famed physicist Stephen Hawking has voiced his concern several times, saying that intelligent aliens would have no problem wiping out the human race. That said, the same futurists and theoretical minds also fear that the same fate could be dished out to us by human-created artificial intelligence.
Why radio signals?
When Kaku mentions humanity's eavesdropping on extraterrestrial "radio communications," he is likely referring to what alien hunters call narrow-band signals, or those that are spread over only a very small part of the radio extent of the electromagnetic spectrum — no more than a few hertz wide. By comparison, noise emanating from galaxies, quasars, pulsars and other cosmic entities typically extends across a wide swath of the spectrum. Narrow-band noise could therefore be "the mark of a purposely built transistor," according to the SETI Institute.
"Alien life" can refer to anything from little green men to microbes. But when Kaku refers to extraterrestrial life that is capable of communication that traverses light-years, he is clearly talking about more advanced beings. As a civilization grows and becomes more sophisticated, it will inevitably use more energy. As a way of measuring how advanced a society is, Russian astrophysicist Nikolai S. Kardashev in 1964 proposed using this energy as a proxy. The Kardashev scale moves from Type I, a civilization that can harness all the energy of its home planet (Earth is just about at this level); to Type II, which can use all the energy from its parent star (a Dyson sphere is the most common example), to Type III, a civilization that can control all the energy from its home galaxy.
Narrow-band signals "pack a lot of energy into a small amount of spectral space, and consequently are the easiest type of signal to find for any given power level. If E.T. intentionally sends us a signal, those signals may well have at least one narrow-band component to get our attention," according to the SETI Institute.
In his new book "The Future of Humanity" (Doubleday, 2018), Kaku paints a picture of what these aliens might be like, based on interviews with experts in exobiology. They'd have three traits: stereovision (needed to hunt prey), grasping appendages like opposable thumbs, and their own language, according to news reports.
If these "little green men" with opposable thumbs make contact, what happens next? That would depend on the beings' level of intelligence, experts have said.
12,000 Years Ago, A Mysterious Culture Built The First Temple On Earth
12,000 Years Ago, A Mysterious Culture Built The First Temple On Earth
Located 2,500 feet above sea level at the top of a mountain ridge in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, some 15 kilometers (9 mi) northeast of the town of Şanlıurfa lie the breathtaking ruins of Göbekli Tepe; a Neolithic sanctuary built some 12,00 years ago by a mysterious people.
This ancient site was found by accident when an old Kurdish shepherd named Savak Yildiz discovered the ruins in October 1994. According got accounts, Savak Yildiz spotted something protruding from the ground, and as he brushed away the dust to expose the mystery object, he came across a large oblong-shaped stone. Little did he know that he had found a long-lost ancient sanctuary built thousands of years ago.
Later that year, news reached archaeologist Klaus Schmidt from the Deutsches Archäologisches Institut who traveled to the location and eventually inspected the site, soon realizing it was Neolithic in origin.
Image Credit: Shutterstock
Some called the discovery of Göbekli Tepe as the discovery of the century. Now we know that this ancient site is around 12,000 years old, it was built by an unknown population and was most likely buried on purpose by its builders. Archaeological surveys have shown that the ancient site is around 7,000 years older than Mesopotamia’s Fertile Crescent, which has long been heralded as the cradle of civilization.
The age of Göbekli Tepe is of great importance. Archaeologists firmly believe it is several thousand years older than Stonehenge and The Great Pyramid of Giza.
To get an idea of its importance, if we take a look at biblical tradition, the world began in 4000 BC, yet here we have a monument that was built more than 12,000 years ago. This points not only to the fact that 12,00 years ago advanced civilizations existed on Earth, but they were also capable of erecting some of the most impressive structures on the surface of the planet.
At Göbekli Tepe we have historic evidence that contradicts our normal understanding of the evolution of civilization and therefore mankind as we know it.
However, what is perhaps even more mind-bending is that after more than 20 years of excavations and research, archaeologists exploring the ancient site have failed to recover a single stone-cutting tool.
This makes you wonder, how can you create massive, 19-foot-tall, perfectly-sculpted columns that are up to 12,000 years old, and not find any evidence whatsoever of tools used to accomplish this?
The builders of Göbekli Tepe created a work of art in stone. At the site, we can find depictions of creatures like armadillos, wild boars, and geese, animals that are not indigenous to the region.
What is interesting is that located less than 350 Miles from Göbekli Tepe is the site many biblical scholars believe to be the resting place of Noah’s ark, so the animal carvings of Gobekli Tepe suggest a time in the region’s history when the indigenous animal population may have been of a different anthropological origin. We have to ask the question, could Göbekli Tepe and Noah’s ark be connected in a way?
After decades of exploration, we have learned very little about this archaeological site, and its builders. Despite the fact that progress has been made, we still do not know the answers to some of the most important questions like, who built Göbekli Tepe? To what purpose? And how was Göbekli Tepe preserved until today? Researchers point that Göbekli Tepe was “carefully” placed underneath the sand, as its builders made sure the whole site was buried. But… why would the builders bury such an incredible site? To protect it? To preserve it?
Why would ancient man build these massive structures around the world? Many of them are similar if not identical in design. Is there a connection? A pattern around the globe?
Göbekli Tepe is considered as an archaeological discovery of the exceptional importance since it could deeply change our understanding of a crucial stage in the evolution of human societies. “Göbekli Tepe changes everything,” says Ian Hodder of Stanford University. David Lewis-Williams, professor of archaeology at Witwatersrand University in Johannesburg, says that “Göbekli Tepe is the most important archaeological site in the world.”
At present, Göbekli Tepe raises more questions for archaeology and prehistory than it answers. We do not know how a force large enough to construct, augment, and maintain such an abundant complex was mobilized and rewarded or fed in the conditions of pre-sedentary society.
We cannot “read” the pictograms, and do not know for certain what meaning the animal reliefs had for visitors to the site; the variety of fauna depicted, from lions and bears to birds and insects, makes any single explanation problematic.
Is there something more to Göbekli Tepe? Could these ruins have an extraterrestrial connection? Was Göbekli Tepe built so that the “Sky Gods” could admire it from the sky? Or was Göbekli Tepe built to commemorate an important event in ancient man’s history?
Scientists Find There May Be Water All Over The Moon, And Not Just At Its Poles
Scientists Find There May Be Water All Over The Moon, And Not Just At Its Poles
NASA researchers say that the water is distributed throughout the surface of our satellite day and night. Its presence can be fundamental for the future establishment of a human colony on the lunar surface.
Scientists have made a groundbreaking discovery after finding evidence that Earth’s Moon may be covered in water. New data analysis of two lunar missions has found evidence that the water on the Moon is widely distributed on the surface and not confined to a particular region or type of terrain, as was previously believed.
Also, water seems to be present day and night, although that does not mean that it is necessarily easily accessible.
The findings could help researchers understand the origin of water in our natural satellite, which is still a mystery and answer another important question: whether or not, future human settlers could use it as an accessible resource.
If the Moon has enough water, and if it is fairly convenient to access it, future human explorers could use it as drinking water or even turn it into hydrogen and oxygen to fuel their rockets.
“We find that it doesn’t matter what time of day or which latitude we look at, the signal indicating water always seems to be present. The presence of water doesn’t appear to depend on the composition of the surface, and the water sticks around,” said Joshua Bandfield, a senior research scientist with the Space Science Institute in Boulder, Colorado.
The new results contradict previous studies, which suggested that there is more water in the polar latitudes of the Moon and that the strength of the water signal increases and decreases according to the lunar day (which lasts 29.5 Earth days).
Image Credit: Wikimedia Commons
Taking this into consideration, researchers have proposed that water molecules can “jump” across the lunar surface until they enter cold traps in the dark reaches of the craters near the north and south poles.
In planetary science, a cold trap is a cold region, that water vapor and other volatiles that come into contact with the surface remain stable for a prolonged period of time, even up to several billion years.
However, debates continue due to the subtleties of how detection has been achieved so far.
The main evidence comes from remote sensing instruments that measured the strength of sunlight reflected off the lunar surface.
When water is present, instruments such as these collect a spectral fingerprint at wavelengths close to 3 micrometers, which is beyond visible light and in the field of infrared radiation.
But scientists have also found that the lunar surface can also be heated enough to “shine” or emit its own light in the infrared region of the spectrum.
The challenge is to disentangle this mixture of reflected and emitted light.
For this, researchers must have very accurate temperature information.
Bandfield and his team presented a new way of incorporating lunar temperature information and created a detailed model from the measurements made by the Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment on board the NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter.
The team applied this temperature model to data previously collected by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper, a visible and infrared spectrometer that NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, California, provided for India’s Chandrayaan-1 orbiter.
Scientists say that the water most likely is found in the Form of HO, instead of H2O. The difference is that H2O is composed of one hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom, whereas OH is considered more reactive, and attaches itself chemically to other molecules. In turn, this means that future colonists would most likely have to extract the element from minerals.
The study also hints that any H2 O present on the Moon is not loosely bound to the surface.
This discovery can also help experts understand water sources and their long-term storage in other cosmic bodies throughout the solar system.
At this point, experts are still debating what exactly the findings about the Moon’s water source are telling them.
So far, the results suggest that OH and/or H2O are created by the solar wind that impacts the lunar surface, although the team does not rule out that OH and/or H2O could come from the Moon itself, slowly released from minerals inside the moon where it has been stored since the Moon was formed.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
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