The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
15-07-2018
Long UFO Over Farm Community Caught On Video, La Porte, Indiana ( July 13, 2018 ), UFO Sighting News.
Long UFO Over Farm Community Caught On Video, La Porte, Indiana ( July 13, 2018 ), UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: July 13, 2018 Location of sighting: La Porte, Indiana, USA Source: MUFON #93311 Eyewitness states:
I was driving my work truck heading west towards LaPorte on West 400 South as I came out of the trees I saw a reflective object about 200 feet up or so moving very slowly. I approached the intersection of West 400 South and long Lane I observed and began recording at that time. I wasn't sure what I was seeing but it was very abnormal how slow it was moving was fairly large as you can see in the video and also very shiny and reflective and made no noise it looked like a shiny egg or pebble. it moved very close to the high tension power lines . I watched as the object moved along the power lines from west to east then over the farm. I watched until it was out of my view. As I was driving away on West 400 South I could see it hovering above the farm in my side view mirror on my work truck. The whole incident lasted about 4 minutes I was nervous because I've never seen an aerial vehicle like that.
Glowing UFO Over Melbourne, Australia On July 2018, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Glowing UFO Over Melbourne, Australia On July 2018, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: July 2018 Location of sighting: Melbourne, Australia This UFO was caught by Youtube user Shaun Manne who's watchful eye caught this glowing orb in the distance. In the video we see it moving and the light appear and disappear sporadically, not in any pattern. Awesome catch down under. Scott C. Waring-Taiwan Eyewitness states:
I went outside and looked straight up and saw this moving light. I always wait to see if it flashes like a plane but this one didn't. If it wasn't moving I would have said it was Venus, large and bright. No noise either. I'm located in Langwarrin, Melbourne. A bright white ball floated slowly above my house. It made no noise what so ever, and didn't flash like a plane would. It was fairly low but could have easily been missed.
Glowing UFO Over Melbourne, Australia On July 2018, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Glowing UFO Over Melbourne, Australia On July 2018, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: July 2018 Location of sighting: Melbourne, Australia This UFO was caught by Youtube user Shaun Manne who's watchful eye caught this glowing orb in the distance. In the video we see it moving and the light appear and disappear sporadically, not in any pattern. Awesome catch down under. Scott C. Waring-Taiwan Eyewitness states:
I went outside and looked straight up and saw this moving light. I always wait to see if it flashes like a plane but this one didn't. If it wasn't moving I would have said it was Venus, large and bright. No noise either. I'm located in Langwarrin, Melbourne. A bright white ball floated slowly above my house. It made no noise what so ever, and didn't flash like a plane would. It was fairly low but could have easily been missed.
'UFOmania', a conspiracy theory YouTube channel has uploaded an eerie video which has now emerged as the hottest debating point among conspiracy theorists and alien enthusiasts. The strange clip shows a spherical UFO moving across deep space, and interestingly, the flying object has imprinted drawings on its body. The conspiracy theory channel claims that they have spotted this bizarre object while researching the website of NASA's stereo mission.
"While researching the site of STEREO mission, I found this fantastic UFOthat as you can see has such a planetarium and seems to have a force field around it," wrote UFOmania on the video's description.
The uploader of the video reveals that the UFO spotted in the Stereo mission live feed is so gigantic, that it is of the size of a planet. As the video went viral, conspiracy theorists have started claiming that the bizarre object in the video might be an alien mega-ship from deep space.
The video which was uploaded a day ago has already racked up more than 4,100 views, and viewers were quick to speculate what the eerie object could be.
A YouTube user named Subrata Kundu commented that the gigantic object spotted could be a space station operated by aliens very similar to that of humans' International Space Station (ISS).
A section of other users claimed that Donald Trump has ordered to make a space force after understanding the threats posed by this alien mega-ship.
"Trump has called for an immediate formation of a space force, armies worldwide are prepared and at the ready for something, and the high strangeness occurring in our atmosphere...you have something big happening. The world as we know it may be about to change. Prepare yourselves," commented Snoot Dingo, a YouTube user.
"That thing has been out there for at least a year, moving around. NASA won't comment on it! No one says what it is. It can look pretty weird sometimes: like it is shooting a missile. Strange!," commented Corey Scott, another YouTuber.
Some other YouTube users argued that the object in the video might be the alleged killer planet Nibiru which is in its collision course towards earth.
The surface facility for the IceCube experiment, which is located under nearly 1 mile (1.6 kilometers) of ice in Antarctica. IceCube suggests ghostly neutrinos don't exist, but a new experiment says they do.
Credit: Courtesy of IceCube Neutrino Observatory
In the icy wasteland of Antarctica sits a massive particle detector, the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. But searching the surface for the instrument will prove difficult, because the bulk of the observatory is trapped beneath the ice. The international observatory has been hunting for neutrinos — massless, chargeless particles that almost never interact with matter. Now, its observations may solve one of the biggest mysteries in astronomy, answering the questions behind the origin of neutrinos and cosmic rays.
The biggest of them all
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory covers one cubic kilometer near the South Pole. The instrument covers a square kilometer of the surface and extends down to 4,920 feet (1,500 meters) deep. It is the first gigaton neutrino detector ever built.
While photographs of IceCube often show a building sitting on the snowy surface, the real work is done below. The multipurpose experiment includes a surface array, IceTop, an array of 81 stations that sit above the strings. IceTop serves as a calibration detector for IceCube, as well as detecting air showers from primary cosmic rays, and their flux and composition.
The dense inner subdetector, DeepCore, is the powerhouse of the IceCube experiment. Each of the IceTop stations are made up of strings attached to digital optical modules (DOMs) that are deployed on a hexagonal grid spaced 410 feet (125 meters) apart. Each string holds 60 basketball-sized DOMs. Here, deep within the ice, IceCube is able to hunt for neutrinos that come from the sun, from within the Milky Way, and from outside the galaxy. These ghostly particles are connected to cosmic rays, the highest energy particles ever observed.
Cosmic rays were first discovered in 1912. The powerful bursts of radiation collide with Earth constantly, streaming in from all parts of the galaxy. Scientists calculated that the charged particles must form in some of the most violent and least understood objects and events in the universe. The explosive stellar death of a star, a supernova, provides one method of creating cosmic rays; the active black holes at the center of galaxies another.
Because cosmic rays are made up of charged particles, however, they interact with the magnetic fields of stars and other objects they pass by. The fields warp and shift the path of the cosmic rays, making it impossible for scientists to trace them back to their source.
That's where neutrinos come into play. Like cosmic rays, the low-mass particles are thought to form through violence. But because neutrinos have no charge, they pass by magnetic fields without changing their path, traveling in a straight line from their source.
"For this reason, the search for the sources of cosmic rays has also become the search for very high energy neutrinos," according to IceCube's website.
However, the same characteristics that make neutrinos such good messengers also mean they are difficult to detect. Every second, approximately 100 billion neutrinos pass through one square inch of your body. Most of them come from the sun, and are not energetic enough to be identified by IceCube, but some are likely to have been produced outside of the Milky Way.
Spotting neutrinos requires the use of very clear material such as water or ice. When a single neutrino crashes into a proton or neutron inside an atom, the resulting nuclear reaction produces secondary particles that give off a blue light known as Cherenkov radiation.
"The neutrinos that we detect are like fingerprints that help us understand the objects and phenomena where the neutrinos are produced," according to the IceCube team.
Harsh conditions
The South Pole may not be outer space, but it brings its own challenges. Engineers began construction on IceCube in 2004, a seven-year project that was completed on schedule in 2010. Construction could only take place for a few months each year, over the Southern Hemisphere's summer, which occurs from November to February.
Boring 86 holes required a special type of drill — two of them, actually. The first advanced through the firn, a layer of compacted snow, down to about 164 feet (50 meters). Then a high-pressure hot water drill melted through the ice at speeds of about 2 meters (6.5 feet) per minute, down to the depth of 2,450 meters (8,038 feet, or 1.5 miles).
"Together, the two drills were able to consistently produce almost perfect vertical holes ready for deployment of instrumentation at a rate of one hole every two days," according to IceCube.
The strings then had to be quickly deployed into the melted water before the ice refroze. Freezing took a few weeks to stabilize, after which the instruments remained untouchable, permanently frozen in the ice and unable to be repaired. The failure rate of the instruments has been extremely slow, with fewer than 100 of the 5,500 sensors currently nonoperational.
IceCube began making observations from the start, even while other strings were being deployed.
When the project first began, researchers were unclear about how far light would travel through the ice, according to Halzen. With that information well established, the collaboration is working towards IceCube-Gen2. The upgraded observatory would add approximately 80 more detector strings, while the understanding of the properties of ice will allow researchers to place the sensors more widely apart than their original conservative estimates. IceCube-Gen2 should double the size of the observatory for roughly the same cost.
An IceCube sensor, attached to a "string," descends into a bore hole in the Antarctic ice.
Credit: NSF/B. Gudbjartsson
Incredible science
IceCube began hunting for neutrinos before it was completed, producing several intriguing scientific results along the way.
Between May 2010 and May 2012, IceCube observed 28 very high-energy particles. Halzen attributed the detector's ability to observe these extreme events to the completion of the detector.
"This is the first indication of very high-energy neutrinos coming from outside our solar system, with energies more than one million times those observed in 1987 in connection with a supernova seen in the Large Magellanic Cloud," says Halzen said in a statement. "It is gratifying to finally see what we have been looking for. This is the dawn of a new age of astronomy."
In April 2012, a pair of high energy neutrinos were detected and nicknamed Bert and Ernie, after the characters from the children's television show "Sesame Street." With energies above 1 petaelectronvolt (PeV), the pair were the first definitively detected neutrinos from outside the solar system since the 1987 supernova.
"It is a major breakthrough," said Uli Katz, a particle physicist at University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, in Germany, who was not involved with the research. "I think it is one of the absolute major discoveries in astro-particle physics," Katz told Space.com.
Another major payoff came on December 4, 2012, when the observatory detected an event that the scientists called Big Bird, also from "Sesame Street." Big Bird was a neutrino with an energy exceeding 2 quadrillion electron volts, more than a million million times greater than the energy of a dental X-ray, packed into a single particle with less than a millionth of a mass of an electron. At the time, it was the highest-energy neutrino ever detected; as of 2018, it still ranks second.
With the help of NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space telescope, scientists tied Big Bird to the highly energetic outburst of a blazar known as PKS B1424-418. Blazars are powered by supermassive black holes at the center of a galaxy. As the black hole gobbles down material, some of the material is deflected into jets carrying so much energy they outshine the stars in the galaxy. The jets accelerate matter, creating neutrinos and the fragments of atoms that create some cosmic rays.
Starting in the summer of 2012, the blazar shone between 15 and 30 times brighter in gamma rays than its average before the eruption. A long-term observation program named TANAMI, which routinely monitored nearly 100 active galaxies in the southern sky, revealed that the core of the galaxy's jet had brightened four times between 2011 and 2013.
"No other of our galaxies observed by TANAMI over the life of the program has exhibited such a dramatic change," Eduardo Ros, from the Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy (MPIfR) in Germany, said in a 2016 statement. The team calculated that the two events were linked.
"Taking into account all of the observations, the blazar seems to have had means, motive and opportunity to fire off the Big Bird neutrino, which makes it our prime suspect," said Matthias Kadler, a professor of astrophysics at the University of Würzburg in Germany."
In July 2018, IceCube announced that, for the first time, it had tracked neutrinos back to their source blazar. In September 2017, thanks to a newly installed alert system that broadcast to scientists around the world within minutes of detecting a strong neutrino candidate, researchers were able to quickly turn their telescopes in the direction that the new signal originated. Fermi alerted researchers to the presence of an active blazar, known as TXS-0506+056, in the same part of the sky. New observations confirmed that the blazar was flaring, emitting brighter-than-usual bursts of energy.
For the most part, TXS is a typical blazar; it's one of the 100 brightest blazars detected by Fermi. However, while the 99 others are also bright, they haven't hurled neutrinos toward IceCube. In recent months, TXS has been flaring, brightening and dimming as much as a hundred times stronger than in previous years.
"Tracking that high-energy neutrino detected by IceCube back to TXS 0506+056 makes this the first time we've been able to identify a specific object as the probable source of such a high-energy neutrino," Gregory Sivakoff, of the University of Alberta in Canada, said in a statement.
IceCube isn't finished yet. The new alert system will keep astronomers on their toes in future years. The observatory has a planned lifetime of 20 years, so there's at least another decade of incredible discoveries coming from the South Pole observatory.
New findings suggest that some exoplanets will have stable axial tilts and climates, much as Earth does. This knowledge will help astronomers search for worlds similar to ours – the long-sought Earth 2.0.
Artist’s concept of Kepler-186f, the 1st of 2 studied planets now thought to have seasons and a stable climate.
We sometimes hear the term Earth-like in describing exoplanets that might be similar to our own world. The terms Earth-like or Earth analog conjure up visions of alien oceans and continents, teeming with life. But how similar to Earth might such distant worlds really be? We still don’t know the answer to that question yet, but a new research study – announced by the Georgia Institute of Technology on June 28, 2018 – shows that there might indeed be some alien worlds that are quite similar to Earth in terms of their seasons and stable climates.
The study focuses on two known exoplanets, one about the same size as Earth and the other a super-Earth(larger than Earth but smaller than the gas giants Uranus or Neptune). The researchers found evidence that both planets likely have seasons and stable climates, just as Earth does. Kepler-186f is less than 10 percent larger then Earth, 500 light-years away in the constellation Cygnus the Swan. It is one of five known planets in that planetary system and orbits within the habitable zone, even though its host star is a red dwarf. Kepler-62f is about 40 percent larger than Earth, 1,200 light-years away in the constellation Lyra the Harp.
The research team, led by Georgia Tech astronomer Gongjie Li and graduate student Yutong Shan from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, used computer simulations to determine the axial tilt of each planet. The results indicated that the axial tilts of both planets are stable, like Earth’s, meaning that the planets would experience regular seasons and stable climates. That is good news in terms of how habitable the planets may be, although there are other factors to account for also of course, such as water, composition, type of atmosphere, etc.
Kepler-186f was the 1st Earth-sized exoplanet to be discovered in the habitable zone of another star.
Image via NASA.
Artist’s concept of Kepler-62f, the 2nd planet found to have seasons and a stable climate.
Image via NASA Ames/JPL-Caltech/T. Pyle.
Planets with highly variable axial tilts, like Mars, are less likely to have such stable environments. Mars’ axial tilt has been very unstable, swinging from zero to 60 degrees over billions of years, and is thought to be a key reason why Mars lost most of its water and turned into the cold, dry desert world we see today.
Earth’s axial tilt has been much more stable, varying from 22.1 to 24.5 degrees every 10,000 years or so. According to Li:
Mars is in the habitable zone in our solar system, but its axial tilt has been very unstable – varying from zero to 60 degrees. That instability probably contributed to the decay of the Martian atmosphere and the evaporation of surface water.
Mars is a good example, then, of what can happen when a planet does not have a stable axial tilt. A stable climate has been important for the continued evolution of life on Earth. The axial variations of Earth have been largely kept in check by the Earth’s large moon, which Mars doesn’t have. The moon and Earth strongly interact gravitationally with each other. If Earth had no moon, its spin axis would precess at the same rate as the orbital oscillation, which could cause large variations in the axial tilt. As Li explained:
It appears that both exoplanets are very different from Mars and the Earth because they have a weaker connection with their sibling planets. We don’t know whether they possess moons, but our calculations show that even without satellites, the spin axes of Kepler-186f and 62f would have remained constant over tens of millions of years.
View of Mars from the Mars Orbiter Mission (India). Mars’ wild axial changes prevented it from having a long-term stable climate.
As it stands now, both Kepler-186f and Kepler-62f are candidates for having habitable conditions on their surfaces, but there is still more we need to learn about them. The mass, composition and density of Kepler-186f are still unknown, crucial factors in helping to assess habitability. As Li noted:
Our study is among the first to investigate climate stability of exoplanets and adds to the growing understanding of these potentially habitable nearby worlds.
Planets with stable climates would be more likely to be able to support life, at least as we know it on Earth. What about planets with ever-changing climates? Shan is optimistic about even those worlds:
I don’t think we understand enough about the origin of life to rule out the possibility of their presence on planets with irregular seasons. Even on Earth, life is remarkably diverse and has shown incredible resilience in extraordinarily hostile environments. But a climatically stable planet might be a more comfortable place to start.
Earth’s axial tilt has remained quite stable, thanks largely to the presence of our large moon. Our stable, habitable climate has enabled life to thrive.
A growing number of Earth-sized and super-Earth exoplanets have been discovered, including in the habitable zones of their stars, although it is too early to call any of them Earth-like yet specifically. This new research shows how some should have axial tilts and climates ideal for life to exist.
Bottom line: Finding other Earth-like planets is the holy grail of exoplanet research. The new findings showing stable axial tilts and likely stable climates on Kepler-186f and Kepler-62f are a big step in that direction. There is still much more work to be done, but scientists are now getting closer to discovering a world that is similar to ours – not only habitable, but perhaps, even teeming with life.
For centuries mankind believed that life only existed here on Earth, but today many scientists agree that we are not alone.
Practically every human civilization that has ever existed tells us we are not alone in the cosmos.
A long, long time ago, extraterrestrials came here, and through a targeted mutation of our genes, we became human.
We have, in theory, a worldwide civilization that has extraterrestrials interacting with it, and human beings, as we are today, who are possibly the genetic breeding of these aliens.
If we’re being visited, they’ve probably always been here.
Millions of people around the world believe we have been visited in the past by extraterrestrial beings.
A strange antenna can be seen in this image of Earth’s Moon.
But what if it were true? Did ancient aliens really help to shape our history? And if so, why did they come here? And just what was their mission? On July 20, 1969, the Apollo11 mission reached its destination, and two men– Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin– actually walked on the moon.
They’ve got the flag up now, and you can see the Stars and Stripes on the lunar surface.
Beautiful, just beautiful.
It was the first time in history that beings left their home and traveled through space to an alien planet.
Or was it? Were we really the first creatures in the universe capable of traveling to another world? Given the vastness of the universe and the billions of years that it took to create our galaxy, is it so hard to imagine that such a thing might have happened before, perhaps thousands of times and over the course of millions of years?
The ancient alien astronaut theory presupposes that thousands and thousands of years ago– even before recorded history– Earth was visited by astronauts from another world.
But if alien beings did, in fact, travel to Earth, why? Did they come to explore, to plunder, to study, to hunt, or to breed? When Armstrong and Aldrin explored their incredible surroundings, they found the moon a barren landscape.
It seemed to offer little more than a lifeless oasis of rocks and dust.
But in 1986, further testing determined that the lunar landscape actually contains a high amount of helium-3, an extremely powerful nonpolluting, nonradioactive fuel source.
Experts estimate that a single space shuttle filled with this material could satisfy all the energy needs in the United States for an entire year.
Think of it.
Armadas of spaceships mining the moon and other planets for natural resources.
Could this help explain why Earth might have served as a destination for travelers from other worlds? We’d go out there with robot mining crews and eventually human mining crews, mine those planets, extract the ore.
Ships would come; they’d take the ore and bring them back.
Well, if we would do it, why wouldn’t extraterrestrials? But if alien excavators did come to Earth– perhaps thousands of years ago– wouldn’t there be evidence?
Here, in what is now known as Iraq, lies what is commonly regarded by historians and archaeologists as the “cradle of civilization.”
Between 3500 and 1900 BC, the fertile area between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers was the home of the Sumerian people.
The Sumerians were one of the first cultures that built actual cities with streets and a street grid, almost like New York City, where you have, you know, a square street grid.
They invented cobblestones.
They had a sewage system.
They were taught in agriculture.
The Sumerians also invented the first known writing system by using the cuneiform script on clay tablets.
In the 19th century, archaeologists exploring the ancient ruins of Nineveh discovered When they were later translated, the texts described many stories similar to those found in the Judeo-Christian Bible.
Virtually every story that’s in Genesis– the flood story, the Adam and Eve story– they all have precedence with the ancient Sumerians.
In 1976 author Zecharia Sitchin published his own translations of the Sumerian texts in a series of books called The Earth Chronicles.
According to Sitchin, the clay tablets describe an alien race known as the Anunnaki who came to Earth to mine gold.
Zecharia Sitchin has essentially suggested that the reason why we were visited in the remote past is because the ancient astronauts’ home planet needed gold for their atmosphere and that their gold content in the atmosphere was depleted, so they came to Earth in order to mine gold and bring it back to their home planet.
But why gold? What are the unique properties of this precious metal that might make it important and worth traveling through the galaxy for? I think, for extraterrestrials, gold would be an important resource just as it is for us.
If it’s at all like our society, one of the major things it’s going to be built on is electricity, and gold really is one of the top conductors, and its malleability and its ability to make it into wires, use it in really small forms as nanoparticles are going to make it an incredible technological resource for any sort of life- forms that reach that level of dealing with electricity and technology as we do.
One of the exciting directions is possibly as an energy source through properties called thermoelectric effects, where it can take the heat and turn it directly into electricity.
This would be obviously a very nice clean energy source.
With its capacity to create energy and conduct heat, some scientists believe gold may also be an invaluable asset in the construction of spaceships.
Gold actually reflects infrared light.
Infrared is basically light that’s not quite red, and so you don’t see it, but we interact with it as heat.
The radiation will interact with your molecules and make them vibrate faster and you’ll feel that as heat, so it makes a great heat shield, partly because it’s so malleable.
You can make it very thin; it’s easy to work with, and it has great properties for reflecting and heat protection.
The only metal that really lasts is gold. Gold is indestructible. All gold from ancient times still exists today.
If you look at Zecharia Sitchin’s theories– that E.T’s came down from another planet in our solar system, which is on a 3,600-year elliptical orbit, that they were running out of minerals, and gold specifically, that they somehow needed to line their atmosphere with.
These extraterrestrials–they just first measure our planet. And they have the instrument to find out: where on this planet do we find raw material?
Through their incredible equipment, they find a planet that has this. It’s got gold.
So they decide “We’re going to go there and we’re going to mine.” So they send some expeditions to planet Earth.
All of a sudden they get here and the factions begin to say, “Well, there’s a lot of gold here, but we’re not digging it out. What are we going to do? We need workers.”
The story that came down to the Sumerians is that the Anunnakiwere mining gold on the earth, and the run-of-the-mill workers complained, said: “This is really hard work and we’re tired. We don’t want to do this anymore.”
And so they had a big council and they decided to create a primitive worker called an Adamu.
So they look at what is on this planet, and that is Homo erectus, and they say, “Well, they’re not very intelligent and they’re not going to listen to us, so we’re going to genetically alter them.”
The Anunnaki created humans as a slave species. According to Zecharia Sitchin, the Adamu were the first modern humans.
They were created by the Anunnaki 450,000 years ago when they genetically mixed their DNA with that of prehistoric man.
They took one cell of one of these ancestors of us.
They believed that the gods came down and created them, and they were their slave species.
They knew that, and they didn’t have any philosophical beliefs about the purpose of man or anything.
If you believe Sitchin’s theory that mankind was created by E.T’s for slave labor, all of a sudden it makes sense.
And then when you look at the biblical terms of what may have happened– Adam and Eve? Sure, they may have been two individuals back a long time ago, the beginning of time.
But perhaps Adam and Eve were the first of the genetically created human beings.
Closer comparisons between the Hebrew Bible and the Sumerian texts reveal many similarities, not only in their stories but also in their language.
“Adam” is Hebrew for “man.”
“Adamu” is what the Sumerians refer to as “first man,” the Anunnaki slaves.
But do the Sumerian tablets actually describe an alien race, a race that conducted mining operations on a global scale?
Thousands of miles away, on the African continent, ruins of ancient gold mines have recently been discovered.
The largest concentration can be found in South Africa, where some excavations, according to scientists, dating back some 150,000 years.
They’re in areas that have an abundance of gold right now, so it’s very possible that they could have mined it.
Now, the big question is, how do we know they weren’t human beings that simply did that? Why the E.T. theory?
In many languages in Africa, the native word for “star” means “bringer of knowledge or enlightenment.”
Some African cultures believe that extraterrestrial beings have been visiting the Earth for tens of thousands of years.
Zulu legends speak of a time when “visitors from the stars” came to excavate gold and other natural resources.
These mines were worked by “artificially produced flesh- and blood slaves created by the First People.”
Some ancient mines in Southern Africa are thought to be a hundred thousand years old or older.
If humans weren’t doing that mining a hundred thousand years ago, and making metals, then we would have to assume it would be extraterrestrials doing it.
Alien slave mines? Genetically engineered humans? To believers of ancient astronaut theory, these notions are not far-fetched fantasies or fairy tales, but facts, and they point to additional evidence of alien mining a half world away on the American continent.
Peru has long been known as “the land of gold.”
In ancient times, Incan rulers adorned themselves with it.
And when the Spanish explorers arrived in the 16th century, they sent shiploads of their plunder back home to Spain.
Gold was largely a valuable commodity because of being rare and easy to make jewelry, coinage.
And if you’re looking at, like, the ancient Incas, those people are using gold as a status symbol.
Many cultures thought it came directly from the gods.
People thought gold was so pure, so wonderful, it must heal, and they would actually occasionally ingest pure gold.
Certainly, we’re discovering more and more, as we get better at archeology and as we can look into these things, applications that people have used.
For instance, there is some evidence that ancient people had very primitive batteries, and this would be a place in which gold would be very useful because of its electrical properties and its conductivity.
It should not be surprising, then, to find archaeological evidence of ancient gold mines.
But some sites have recently been discovered that date back some 50,000 years.
All throughout areas in Peru, you see remnants of what could have been ancient mining operations.
It’s there.
They go down, in some cases, thousands of feet deep.
Gold turns out to be surprisingly easy to mine for, even though it’s relatively rare.
There’s a lot of common techniques ancient people used, and some of them were used, you know, well into recent times.
A lot of it, you know, involves using water, often, to change the properties of the rock around it.
A lot of heating and freezing and the gold will come loose.
In addition to gold, other ancient sites in Peru provide evidence that they were once mined for quartz hematite and red ochre.
They’re used for different things.
Quartz is incredibly common.
It’s basically silicone dioxide.
It’s kind of like glass.
It’s a great mineral; it’s hard, but it can be formed into pretty sculptures; you could make quartz statues; you could probably even use it for money before you discovered minerals and gold.
Hematite and ochre are much more valuable because of their iron oxide.
And particularly ochre is important as a pigment, so as soon as you’re gonna start having painting, cave drawings even, or any sort of artwork, you need to make colors.
And making color can be a challenge, and ochre is a great source of that.
While the origins of these ancient geoglyphs remain a mystery, the area in which the lines are located suggests that a major excavation took place there, perhaps hundreds of centuries ago.
And I’m not talking, you know, a little wheelbarrow and-and a pick.
I’m talking sophisticated machinery because we today would also need sophisticated machinery in order to achieve such feats.
Could the vast flat plain located in the Nazca Desert be evidence of a gigantic mining operation, one that took place hundreds of thousands of years ago? Whoever comes here in a spaceship, Nazca would be like a beacon, as in: “Come here.”
Because the moment you come to Nazca, you’re sort of confronted with a Cliff Notes to planet Earth, where you have all sorts of raw materials that exist in that one particular spot in very, very abundant quantities.
I think the Nazca lines aren’t evidence of the search for gold, but they’re evidence of some communication with possibly E.T’s, or gods, from above.
But despite the controversy, one thing is plain, and the lines that scar the surrounding countryside, are not natural formations.
But while scientists and ancient astronaut theorists remain divided about who, or what, created the Nazca lines, they are in agreement about one the so-called Band of Holes, located in the Pisco Valley, Peru, is a complete mystery.
In the mountains of Peru, we have what’s commonly referred to as the Band of Holes, and it is this Band of Holes that were carved or dug into the mountainside.
It’s a bunch of little, shallow holes, dug into the ground, and it’s had all kinds of explanations.
Some people say it was just pot hunters, you know, looting, looking for burials.
Some people think it looks like some kind of machine was running over the territory.
Some people think it was some kind of systematic mining operation.
They need raw material, be it gold, be it silver, be it uranium, whatever; they need something.
And they send something down like a shuttle.
It can be a robot.
No extraterrestrial is on board.
And this robot just caresses over the surfaces and collects and measures raw material, and disappears again.
The holes run about three feet apart and measure six to seven feet in depth, and number in the thousands.
Often we see regular structures like that and we assume either a person or an intelligent life had to make it, but there are lots of examples in nature where the natural processes lead to large-scale what we call “pattern formation.”
You see it on a small scale in animals.
You look at leopards and zebras– leopards have spots; zebras have stripes.
Surprisingly, on geological scales, some of the same processes that give you spots on a leopard could give you indentations in the ground and raised areas that would look like holes.
It would take a long time over geological scales, but we’ve had a long time, and that might be what they’re left over from.
Mainstream archaeologists suggest the holes were used to store grain, but ancient astronaut theorists reject that notion.
It’s a mystery because who in their right mind would go ahead and dig all these holes? For what? The other intriguing aspect of the Band of Holes is that you can only see it from the air.
When you stand down there, all you see is a couple of holes dug into the ground, and it doesn’t really mean much.
But if you’re up in the air, there is this long band with these individual holes that you can see, and you can conceivably create some type of message that can only be seen from the air.
But if ancient aliens came to Earth searching for gold, why did they leave? More gold still exists here, as do many other valuable minerals.
Could it be that ancient mining operations were just the means to another possibly greater end? Or perhaps the real alien mission on Earth was to hunt the greatest prey in the Man.
Alamosa, Colorado. September 7, 1967.
When a three-year-old horse named Snippy went missing, her owners grew concerned and went out looking for her.
Their search yielded a gruesome and mysterious discovery.
Snippy’s body had been mutilated almost surgically.
An examination of the carcass showed that her skin and flesh had been neatly cut; her heart and brain had been removed, and a formaldehyde-like odor emitted from the remains.
An autopsy also revealed that her spinal fluid had been removed.
The events of Snippy’s death stunned the community and remain shrouded in mystery, even to this day.
Since the mutilation, an estimated 50,000 similar events have been reported around the world, most of them involving cattle.
But it was not until about the middle of the 1970’s that cattle mutilations really entered into Ufology.
Farmers would come out and find some prize livestock that was alive and healthy the day before and then it was just suddenly dead.
And it looked like it had been cut up in a rather odd way.
That certain parts of the body looked like they were cut out in ways that seemed to be almost surgical.
Television producer and UFO investigator Linda Howe has been tracking the mystery of animal mutilation for over 30 years.
I began trying to get to the bottom of what was happening to all of these animals.
There were horses, cows, other domestic animals found with the same pattern of bloodless excisions.
The law enforcement called them animal mutilations, and the first thing I felt was anger.
And then I felt nervous, and then I felt afraid.
I sat across from sheriffs who told me, “Linda, we’re not dealing with predators, disease, and satanic cults. We’re dealing with creatures from outer space.”
There are several explanations for why aliens would want to experiment on cows.
One is that they’re just looking for food.
One that they’re looking for some kind of information about vertebrate organisms.
Another one is that they’re looking for some kind of genetic material for some reason.
The closest answer I’ve ever gotten was from a man who had had very upfront, and close and personal observations of nonhumans in his work for the government.
He told me– he said, “The best answer I can give you, Linda, It’s a genetic harvest.”
But once you have said, “a genetic harvest from Earth,” there’s even a bigger question.
Why a genetic harvest from Earth? What is being made with this genetic harvest? To what end? The answer to these questions might be found in our ancient past, in the bizarre, almost Frankenstein-like experiments that were practiced by early civilizations.
We have ancient descriptions from Egypt where it says specifically that the gods created these chimeras– mixed beings, or hybrids.
We find paintings where you have a human body with a cut-off head and a red tube coming out of it, and next to it, you have just the head of some animal.
And in the next picture– ’cause they’re like– they look like comic strips almost.
And in the next picture, you see the same human body with the animal head attached to the human neck.
Incredibly, examples of strange human-animal hybrid beings date back to a time even older than ancient Egypt.
According to mainstream archeology, ancient Sumeria is the earliest civilization of humankind.
And the interesting part is the fact that their earliest writings are filled with references to these bizarre beings that descended from the sky called the Anunnaki.
Anunnaki means “those who from the heavens came.”
But is there any physical evidence of these human-animal hybrids? If so, wouldn’t we have found skeletal remains? The answer may have been found in Saqqara, Egypt, home to that country’s oldest pyramid.
Not only are the sarcophagi massive, they are also perfectly polished.
Inside were two sealed and intact sarcophagi. But when Mariette opened them, what they contained was shocking. They opened the sarcophagus and they didn’t find a bull. Instead, they found this black mass of what’s called bitumen, a type of asphalt.
And inside this stinking mass, they found the bone fragments of seven different types of animals crushed up.
According to the accompanying texts, some type of monsters existed during the time of the Egyptians.
And so who knows whether or not the priests instructed the people to destroy these beings, to rip them apart, to crush their bones, and put them inside this stinking mass, and put them underneath a lid in the sarcophagus weighing 80 tons.
I mean, all in all of Egypt we can find mummified remains of every single animal, but we find these sarcophagi that contain these crushed-up bones.
Doesn’t that mean the ancient Egyptians did not want for those creatures to ever return after their death? Of course, mainstream scientists and archaeologists believe ancient Greek and Egyptian stories of animal and human hybrids are just fanciful products of the imagination.
But we do have scientific evidence that at least the ancient Egyptians believed firmly that they ruled.
As to whether they are just human beings, like you or I; or whether they come from somewhere else; or whether they are a hybrid being, we have no idea.
What if ancient civilizations possessed the advanced scientific knowledge of our own modern-day scientists?
What if they, too, had unlocked the mysteries of DNA: cloning and gene-splicing?
Why is this so fascinating?
Well, because if you look at this from a genetics aspect, we’re in the process right now today of being able to recreate creatures like that.
I mean, this is Frankenstein.
This is science fiction stuff.
Yet, in ancient Egypt, we have the exact same descriptions, the exact same depictions of some very bizarre, hybridization program which took place thousands of years ago.
They are mixing alien, animal and human DNA, not just for ten years or 20 years, but for thousands and thousands of years.
And that’s why there are so many alien abductions, and that’s why each generation is cyclically more advanced than the next until we get to the complete union of two cultures– the ultimate hybrid.
I think the answer clearly is, we’re not alone in this universe and we have nonhuman intelligence interacting with this planet for reasons that are still unknown to most of us.
It leaves you feeling a little nervous.
If alien beings came here, as some suggest, to perform strange mutation experiments on animals, could they have done the same on humans?
And if so why?
Life on Earth comes in a tremendous diversity of shapes and sizes.
It can be found from the depths of the deepest oceans to the peaks of the highest mountains.
But the vast array of life-forms we see today is only a small portion of what has existed on this planet during its millions of years of history.
In fact, scientists estimate that 97% of all the species that have ever lived on Earth are now extinct.
Most scientists today will tell us that there have been six major extinction events that have occurred during the history of life on Earth.
The most recent of these extinction events was the one that occurred 65 million years ago and wiped out the dinosaurs.
Paleontologists attribute these mass extinctions to natural causes such as meteor strikes floods and dropping sea levels.
But another theory suggests that these extinctions were not caused by nature, but by alien beings.
In the ancient Sumerian texts, they can control the weather, they can cause droughts, and they did this to humans.
They are capable of producing their own disasters.
But were now-extinct life-forms actually exterminated in order to make way for other, perhaps more docile or desirable species? Was the intent to clear the way for colonization? Or invasion? And if so, what sort of technology would be needed to effect such a widespread change? Some theories say that we have that technology now, called scalar technology.
We heat up to high, electrical impulses, a certain spot on the water, and that creates a hurricane.
And by making a path with that beam, you can track the hurricane.
Now if we can do that– and this is hypothetical– if we can do that, why can’t an alien culture say, “Let’s create an ice age on planet Earth?” It will kill off the dinosaurs, but pave the way for aliens to implant human beings on planet Earth.
Did alien beings come to Earth in order to stay?
Might they, as some believe, have seeded it with their own genetic offspring?
If so, where is the proof?
Some ancient astronaut theorists point to myths that describe gods coming down from the heavens in order to mate with humans.
Ancient texts talk about the fact that whoever visited the earth in the remote past, these gods, believed that Earth women were quite beautiful.
So, in many occasions, we find stories where those visitors essentially mated with Earth women.
It was misinterpreted, misunderstood as something divine that came here.
They were flesh-and-blood extraterrestrials.
Native American folklore refers to those beings who came down from the heavens to breed with Earth women as Star People.
The Star People are extraterrestrial people.
Have Ancient Aliens been visiting Earth for thousands of years?
They are not from this earth. They visit. They are star ancestors.
There’s a great deal of, uh, of interaction between them.
Like some of the American Indian star husband tales where some woman sleeping outside at night looks up at a star and thinks it’s very beautiful and would like to go there, and winds up finding herself in the morning being pulled up into heaven and meeting with the supernatural being who was associated with that star in becoming the bride of the star husband.
According to Native American mythology, the brides of these alien beings would become pregnant and give birth to star children.
They would be raised by the native mother until the age of six when they went to live with their star father.
Similar stories of intimate encounters between celestial beings and humans can be found in ancient Hebrew and Judeo-Christian testaments often referred to as The Pseudepigraph, or what many refer to as the Apocrypha.
There are lots of instances in the Pseudepigraph– these are the books that didn’t make it into the Bible– where people are visited by beings that aren’t from this earth.
Before the Bible became the Bible of today, there were many additional books that used to be a part of the Bible.
They were removed in what was called the Council of Nicaea because those books contained too much information, dangerous knowledge.
In Genesis 6, where it talks about these watchers that are kind of angels that came down from heaven and had sex with the women of the earth.
These strangers had sex with beautiful young girls on our planet.
How can angels have sex? This is impossible.
In our point, in our view, angels were something spiritual, not something who has a body and has a feeling of sex.
But they had sex.
Our prehistoric ancestors could not understand, and they believe that these extraterrestrials are some kind of gods.
The conception of the Christ.
An angel comes to the holy mother, to the Virgin Mary, and tells her that she’s going to be blessed by God with a child.
And then, essentially, she finds herself pregnant.
There is an angelic reality point in the New Testament.
And whether it be at the birth of Jesus or his resurrection, we’ve got the possibility of other powers from another world being involved from the beginning to the end.
The more literal version is the idea that Jesus is strictly alien, which, of course, in a sense, he is as, uh You know, even if you take him as the son of God, then obviously, he is not of this earth.
I tend to believe that Jesus was a very spiritual human being who understood a lot of things that we’re beginning to learn today.
But it’s also very possible that he might have been an extraterrestrial who came down to teach us things.
That divine intelligence is very real in some form or fashion.
Tales of gods mating with humans are prevalent in everything from Greek and Roman mythology to Native American legends.
In China, at the end of the fifth century BC, the country was divided into seven states, each ruled by powerful warlords who battled for territory and power.
It was during this turbulent era when the legendary story of Huangdi first appeared.
A great god took the form of a dragon, came down to a hilltop where a young maiden was out gathering fruit.
And as this great dragon came near, the sky darkened.
It was like a storm.
She was terrified, and she passed out.
When she came awake again, uh, the sun had come out again, and the dragon was gone, and she was pregnant.
Much like the story of the Virgin Mary and Jesus, the story of Huangdi told of an earthling woman who would give birth to him– the legendary first emperor of China who ushered in a time of great change.
Gods deliberately bred with humans so that they could produce, they could get a race that they could trust and control a little bit better.
In my mind, legends and-and myths are based on something real– while they have been mythified and distorted and exaggerated, in many cases– but there is, in my mind, some core of truth here.
Another prevalent theme in ancient texts, myths, and religions is that of a cataclysm of some kind.
Usually, these come in the form of an intense flood, fire, or other devastating catastrophes.
In the Hebrew Bible, for example, God punishes mankind for their decadence and sinful ways.
He sends punishment in the form of a great flood which destroys nearly all living things on the planet, except for Noah, his family, and the animals rescued aboard his ark.
Similar stories can be found in numerous ancient texts.
Many of the mythical tales of most civilizations include some kind of idea that there are gods that came to Earth at some point.
One interpretation has been that these are literal descriptions of visitors from space.
Not gods, but some creatures of with advanced technology that came to Earth in times past, and either created mankind, brought culture to the Earth, brought civilization, and then, for some reason, departed, usually under some kind of breach between mankind and the gods.
Take the case of the once-thriving Mesoamerican cultures of the Aztecs and the Mayans.
By the year 1500 AD, they had all but vanished.
But why? Was there a natural disaster of some kind? Or is there another, more otherworldly explanation? At some point, it all crashed in a cataclysmic disaster.
And the world, as they knew it, came to an end. And tidal waves washed across continents. Areas of the planet went under later. And the megalithic building that was going on then, too, also completely stopped. And it’s what we see at certain areas.
Like in Peru, where giant blocks of granite have been quarried and partially moved to where they were going.
But then it all came to a sudden, complete halt.
For nearly 3,000 years, the Mayan civilization thrived in Central America.
Among their many accomplishments, the ancient Maya invented a remarkably complex and accurate calendar.
According to scholars, the calendar started on August 11, 3114 BC.
The first calendar cycle ends about 5,000 years later on December 21, 2012.
But why? Did the Mayans know something about mankind’s future– something we have forgotten or chosen to ignore? There’s a lot of excitement being generated now about the Mayan calendar ending in the year 2012, and if there is such a cataclysm or some massive Earth change that’s suddenly going to occur.
And so the idea that ancient people, like the Maya say, were somehow totally in tune with this and had knowledge of these kinds of vast cosmic cycles, which apparently led to cataclysmic changes on the Earth, that’s the kind of advanced knowledge that we wouldn’t expect them to have.
And where would they get that kind of knowledge? You would think that would have to come from extraterrestrials.
If we accept the notion that alien beings left behind the Mayan calendar as some type of ancient advanced warning device, might they have left other astronomical instruments here on Earth? And if so, why was it so important for ancient civilizations to track the stars? The stars.
Since the beginning of time, man has gazed in wonder at the night sky.
Stars became the stuff of legends, home of the gods and sometimes, man’s final resting place.
It is no surprise then that ancient man built monuments dedicated to these celestial wonders.
When we look at ancient monuments around the world– these Mesolithic structures– we find that many of them are aligned astronomically to the sun, to planets, to stars Numerous examples can be listed.
Stonehenge is essentially an ancient astronomical observatory.
Guess it may have been used for ritualistic purposes.
It may have been used for religious purposes.
But it’s very clear that it was also used for astronomical purposes, for observations.
We’re not surprised whether it’s Stonehenge, pyramids, or perhaps the Nazca Lines that ancient people understood events that were going to happen in the sky, and when they would repeat.
But why was the ancient man so fixated on the sky?
And why did they construct elaborate stone monuments and temples in order to track the movements of the stars?
Was it simply to help farmers know when to plant their crops?
Or might there have been another, perhaps more profound purpose? Could they, as some believe, have been constructed as a type of extraterrestrial GPS system?
Egypt’s Nubian Desert sits one of the oldest astronomical sites ever discovered. In 1974, archaeologist Fred Wendorf almost passed it by before noticing its small stone artifacts and toppled rocks.
The stones at Nabta Playa.
It’s a very strange site. It’s just strange stone formations, circles, uh, stone alignments.
Bizarre trigger lines with strange rocks and others.
Later excavations put the date of the astronomical device at approximately 5000 BC, making it close to 1,000 years olderthan the remarkably similar formation at Stonehenge.
When they brought an astronomer there, they realized that it was a ceremonial site, very intensely astronomical.
The intriguing thing about this site is that it shows that they were tracking stars over thousands of years.
And to track stars over that period, they must have have been aware of what we call “precession,” which means they weren’t simply astronomers or ancient astronomers.
They were very sophisticated astronomers.
Could the people who built Nabta Playa 7,000 years ago have possessed an advanced understanding of physics and astronomy?
One that rivals or, perhaps, surpasses our own?
And why were they tracking Orion and Sirius?
In 1994, the mystery of Nabta Playa took on even greater significance when Robert Bauval announced a surprising discovery along Egypt’s Giza Plateau.
The Great Pyramid contained four long interior shafts.
Bauval determined that they were each precisely aligned with specific stars in the sky.
The southerners aligned to the belt of Orion and to Sirius, and the northern ones aligned to the second pole stars.
Again, this is very intriguing.
In terms of construction engineering, that’s, that’s bulls-eye.
As an engineer, I know that it’s one thing building a pyramid.
But it’s another thing building a pyramid with that kind of precision.
Bauval also proved that the three pyramids of Giza were laid out in the precise order and position of the three stars of the Orion’s Belt constellation.
But what exactly is the significance of the shaft alignment and the layout of the pyramids themselves? I mean, we’re deciphering a message.
The question is whether it is religious or whether it is a stellar message.
The fact is that what we have on the ground is an image of a constellation that we know now is the birthplace of stars.
Literally, stars are being born there.
And the Egyptians themselves believed that their gods had descended from the stars.
That could be either a knowledge of ancient astronomy, or it could also be a road map to where these E.T’s may have come from.
But why were the ancients so fixated on the Orion and Sirius constellations? Some believe the answer can be found on the other side of the world in North America.
Model of the city and Great Pyramid of Cholula. Cholula Museum, Puebla, Mexico. ( CC BY SA 4.0 )
More than 3,000 years old, it is estimated that it took approximately 1,400 years to complete.
Even though the Cholula Pyramid doesn’t look like much because of the overgrown jungle, it is, in fact, the world’s largest monument ever constructed by human hands.
In fact, the volume of the Cholula pyramid– the whole pyramid complex– is 4.
The great pyramid in Egypt only has 2.
5 million cubic meters in volume.
So, the great pyramid at Giza is way taller than the Cholula Pyramid, but volume-wise, the Cholula Pyramid is, by far, the largest man-made structure ever created on planet Earth.
Originally built by the Olmecs in the third century BC, it was later added on to and used by the Toltecs and the Aztecs as a place of religious ritual and human sacrifice.
But along with its history of bloodshed, an examination of the pyramid reveals that the ancient cultures of the region had a remarkable understanding of astronomy.
It’s interesting to consider what the Aztec people thought about its origins.
They did not think it was built by humans, like us, which is our theory today.
If you look at the Aztec cosmology, you’ll see that these giant beings were identified with different celestial objects.
The one, in particular, that is said to have built the Cholula Pyramid is identified with the planet Venus.
Both the Aztecs and the ancient Egyptians charted most of the planets in the solar system thousands of years before European astronomers.
But why? And even more compelling is the fact that the two cultures were thousands of miles and half a world apart.
Mainstream archaeologists are telling us that all these civilizations around the world– in the Americas, on remote Pacific islands, in Asia and Africa and Europe– that they’re all disconnected with each other, and that there wasn’t some contact with South America, and Egypt, or any of these ancient civilizations.
But really, it has to be the other way around.
All of these ancient civilizations were connected in some way.
But were these holy sites, as ancient astronaut proponents suggest, really connected to each other? And if so, why? Are they evidence of aliens coming to earth? Whoa, I’m getting a series of lights right there.
I got it, I got it, I got it.
These reports that we continue to get from people of E.T. visitations and craft, clearly points out to me that we’re being visited.
And we have been visited. Oh, there it is– over to the left. They may have physically left the planet, in terms of a civilization.
But they– they’re continuing to come back and monitor us for some reason.
If aliens are watching us today, what are they waiting for?
Or, as some claim, have they already left messages for us in plain view? county of Wiltshire, the English countryside remains pretty much as it has for thousands of years.
Small farms, stone walls, and rolling green hills provide inhabitants with an environment of peace and stability.
This historic region is also home to a large number of ancient sacred sites, many built thousands of years ago.
It’s an ancient, sacred landscape where most of them occur.
There are monuments that you know about: Stonehenge, Avebury, SilburyHill.
This is one small area that seems to be a manipulated landscape that was done thousands of years ago where sacred rituals have taken place.
But in 1978, Wiltshire’s tranquil landscape became the focus of a controversy that persists to this day.
Today alongside the tracks of farm machinery, a new set of circles were found.
No human tracks lead to the markings.
There, carved in fields of wheat, barley and rye were elaborate geometric patterns.
Even more curious was the fact that much like the famed Nazca Lines of Peru, the designs were only visible from the air.
When you see it for the first time, you go, “What in the world is that doing there?” I mean, it’s obviously not natural.
There have been cases that have been traced back for hundreds of years– so-called mowing devil, where apparently some sort of a devil supposedly mowed a field in a single night.
But they became recognized as a phenomenon only when these circles started appearing in English wheat fields.
They were very simple things at first.
And, well– but they kept occurring year after year, and each year they seemed to get a little more elaborate.
One of the early theories was that there was some kind of whirlwind that was making them.
But as they became more elaborate, they also became associated with a paranormal activity, particularly UFOs.
Some people said they saw a light in the field at night.
And some people that– began to read that was a UFO presence.
This circle in a Wiltshire field is just one of discovered in the last six weeks.
To farmers and scientists, how they’re formed or by whom remains a big mystery.
Not surprisingly, the region became the focus of intense interest from UFO enthusiasts and skeptics, each offering explanations as to who or what was responsible for this strange phenomenon.
But if in fact, alien beings from another planet were responsible for the crop circles, why were they making them in England?
Were they trying to contact us or were there clues embedded in the designs?
And was the proximity to Stonehenge and other ancient sites of any particular significance? So you have the idea of these earth energies, and these ancient structures, and then the crop circles are appearing around them.
And many of the crop circles appear to be some kind of signals and ancient writing.
The crop circles are calling us back to a time before science and spirit got separated when we were whole; we had a sense of wholeness.
And here, they’re landing near sacred sites that are from an ancient time when we did experience those things.
When I saw the first photographs, I was haunted, actually.
Are these extraterrestrials doing this?
Are we dealing with somebody who knows how to bend space and time? Our entire relationship with the universe and quantum physics– in all of its complexities– has been pushed hard by crop formations alone.
Certainly, it is one theory that extraterrestrials are trying to communicate in a big way through popular media.
Crop circles do get in newspapers all over the world.
Perhaps that’s what they want. These are being carefully designed. They’re not accidental– both, in terms of the shape, and where they land. These aren’t accidents. There’s a mind behind this that’s making these decisions.
Where is that mind? What kind of body is it in?
Scientists struggled to find an explanation for the phenomenon, until in British pranksters, Doug Bower and Dave Chorley, came forward and proclaimed that they were the ones responsible.
They showed how they could make crop circles in a single night using some very simple tools.
And at the time, people said, “Well, that must be the explanation for it.”
Nevertheless, some researchers remain skeptical that a single pair of elderly men could have created literally hundreds of designs in the dead of night with little more than a few boards and some rope.
You know, it was very effective.
You still will run into people– “Crop circles– oh, forget about them. Those two old guys made a come on, don’t be so naive! They-they were done by those two old guys years ago. What are you paying attention to them anymore?”
It is a very effective piece of disinformation.
During the years that followed Bower and Chorley’s confession, crop circles continued to appear in the English countryside and at various locations around the world.
Some were inarguably the work of artists or jokesters.
But after studying soil samples and grain dispersion patterns in the disturbed farmland, researchers concluded that it would be impossible for all of these designs to be man-made.
Well, in what we would consider being a mysterious crop circle, where we can’t identify it being made by people– the lay is absolutely beautiful.
The lay of the crop.
It’s like a million carpet layers came down, and put these stalks of grain down, right parallel to one another.
It’s just a gorgeous thing to behold.
When the hoaxers make them, they tend to be sloppy and messy because they’re not they haven’t got that same force.
They’re doing handmade manipulation, which doesn’t lay them down quite as beautifully.
In 1991, noted biophysicist Dr. William Levengood put forth a startling new theory.
After spending ten years studying crop circle sites and samples, he concluded that they were created by a complex energy system, which he called a spinning plasma vortex that comes down from somewhere high up in the atmosphere.
Biophysicist Levengood has now analyzed 350-some samples from crop formations in his career.
Now, if Levengood were sitting here with me, he would say, “All I can do is, I can take you from the ground– I can take you from the crops, up. But I can’t tell you what sets in motion that spinning plasma vortex in the first place. It’s still a huge mystery.”
The anomalous things that happen inside crop circles are in fact one of the indications that you’re in a so-called genuine circle because indeed the weirdest things happen.
Batteries fail– brand-new batteries. People go in with cameras. Cell phones don’t work. There have been people who have started reading all kinds of messages into these crop circles.
Uh, that they have some kind of digital significance that-that you can read. There’s a kind of numerology, and there’ll be a kind of message.
People are really reading something into it.
In terms of who or what is delivering them– we have no way to know that. We only have science fiction that tells us what’s coming to visit us. So, we have to just speculate about where this might be coming from.
We have to wait for whatever the source is to introduce itself to us.
Are we dealing with time travelers?
Are we dealing with spiritual forces from some dimension we don’t understand?
Are we dealing with advanced intelligences that are not even in this galaxy, that are from someplace else?
And is this a form of communication? The conversations keep getting more and more complicated.
Crop circles are a form of contact. We are being contacted.
Just because we don’t have the bodies to shake hands with, we have the evidence that the bodies have left us.
I’m absolutely convinced that crop circles are evidence of intelligent life. There is intelligence bombarding us, winking at us, waving.
Are these mysterious crop circles messages or warnings?
Or might they have another, perhaps more profound, purpose? Could they be futuristic clues guiding us to our ultimate destiny or ancient symbols paving the way for our ultimate destruction?
Belize, Central America.
In 1924 British adventurer Frederick Mitchell-Hedges traveled here with his daughter Anna to explore the ruins of the ancient Mayan city of Lubaantun.
One afternoon Anna climbed to the top of a crumbling pyramid, hoping to see the ocean.
It was high noon and she was at the top, and the way the sun came in, the way the rocks had moved in that there was just a small opening and the light from the sun went through and it hit the top of the skull, and she ran down and she’s all excited.
She said, “There’s someone in there with a flashlight.”
Anna’s father and others in their party were too large to fit inside the small opening of the pyramid, so they tied a rope around Anna and lowered her into the hole.
A second search uncovered a matching jaw. The two-piece skull weighed appeared to be carved from a single piece of rock crystal. It’s the only crystal skull which is almost perfectly humanoid. It’s the only crystal skull which has a detachable jaw, and when I say “almost perfectly humanoid,” the one thing which is missing is the sutures on the cranium.
It has a perfect cranium. So it almost suggests that, even though it’s a human crystal skull, those who were carving it somehow felt that this creature was not born.
It somehow came into this world perfectly.
The skull’s appearance created an immediate sensation among the local tribesmen. When the natives saw it, it was like their god had returned. They all started crying and kissing the earth and everything.
They were just so excited, and Mitchell-Hedges seeing this, he presented it to the high priest and they put it in an altar, and for 24 hours a day, they burned flames around the crystal skull.
The Mayan elders believed that, in ancient times, secret places around the world.
Currently it is claimed that seven have been found.
Four are in private collections and one each in the British Museum, the Smithsonian, and the Quai Branly Museum in Paris.
All have been the focus of intense examination, speculation, and even worship.
A lot of natives and a lot of people working with crystal skulls say that the high quartz content skulls and especially the quartz skulls themselves are the highest frequency or energy or vibration possible on the physical plane, and so a lot of native people kind of worshipped or took care of these objects because they knew that they had or felt that they had the highest energy possible on the earth plane.
But what are the exact origins of these mysterious crystal skulls?
Since their discovery, scientific tests have determined that the two owned by the British Museum and the Quai Branly were not authentic pre-Columbian artifacts.
Could it be that the Mitchell- Hedges skull was also a fake?
In the 1960s it underwent extensive testing by art curator Frank Dorland and the Hewlett- Packard Company.
They used the most advanced stuff that they had.
They could not find any marks on it except for around the jaw and, I think, a little bit around the eyes– the only place they saw tool marks using their techniques.
At the time, Hewlett-Packard found that the temperature always stays about the same temperature, no matter if it’s in hot or cold.
It was carved against the lines of the crystal.
If anybody tried to do that, it would break into a thousand pieces.
It’s made out of a high level of electronic crystal, and they’re not really sure exactly where it came from.
If you listen to the academics, crystal skulls are all modern fabrications, meaning somebody has gone on there with a wheel and has carved them as such, and this is where the big divide is between established academics and alternative researchers like myself, who feel that the academics are not using all the available evidence to draw their conclusions, and, in short, we believe that the academics are wrong in their conclusions.
Are these skulls really ancient artifacts? And if not, who or what carved them? Crystal skulls, according to certain stories, yes, they are alien artifacts.
Even some people think they’re made on another planet.
I think there are links between crystal skulls and extraterrestrials, not necessarily that they were carved and created by extraterrestrials.
I’ve been told they were created by humans, but they were created specifically to hold records from alien civilizations.
Could there actually be some type of coded information stored inside these skulls? And if there is, how could it be retrieved? There is a legend that there were 13 skulls and that when the 13 skulls come together, then something significant will change in the world.
Legends suggest that there are 12 additional worlds out there, planets which are inhabited by intelligent species.
Now, we belong to those worlds or to those planets, and our planet Earth is called “planet of the children.”
They also suggest that these 13 crystal skulls that allegedly exist on planet Earth were each brought here from one of those is the one that apparently contains all of the information of all those 12 different worlds.
Within each crystal skull, information is stored, and in fact, IBM has shown that too, that quartz crystal can store millions of gigabytes of information, and, in fact, any quartz crystal or a crystal skull could hold much more information than any computer we have now.
So when these crystal skulls would be brought together, they begin to interface with each other and ultimately a greater knowledge and information is condensed and brought to us, and that’s the legend of the crystal skulls.
But as ancient astronaut theorists maintain, why would visiting aliens have given the crystal skull to the Maya? To what purpose? The skull is a very important motif for the Mayans.
When you look around the Mayan monuments, you see skulls carved pretty much everywhere.
They use it for some of the notations for calendars.
And it is the Mayan calendar that many people refer to when discussing the possibility of a new Armageddon.
Are the skulls somehow linked to this? The current keeper of the Mitchell-Hedges skull believes they are.
We’ve got 2012 just a few years away.
All these different things are happening, the wars, et cetera, and I think the skulls are coming forward to do what they were they were made to do.
But are these skulls the trigger that will begin the dawn of a new era?
Or will they simply be used as a tool by some form of extraterrestrial intelligence to guide mankind to its next stage of evolution? If so, is this intelligence waiting and watching for the right moment?
And from where exactly could it be watching us? If extraterrestrial beings do exist in the universe, where are they? That was the question posed by Enrico Fermi, one of the leading scientists of the 20th century.
Shortly after the Second World War, the famous physicist Enrico Fermi, who was taking part in the Manhattan Project to build the atomic bomb, was talking at Los Alamos with some friends about the reports of flying saucers, and Fermi suddenly said, in relation to extraterrestrial intelligent beings, “Where are they?”
And he was simply making the point that if there was a civilization somewhere in the galaxy that had arisen, say, 100 million years ago, then they had plenty of time to spread across the galaxy.
Fermi said, “Gee, if there’s all of these civilizations out there and all of these planets out there, where is everybody?”
The Fermi paradox, as it became known, was an attempt to explain the lack of evidence of aliens despite the mathematical probability of their existence.
Up unto this point, to modern time, no credible scholar, no credible scientist looks at any of the evidence that ancient alien enthusiasts put forth and say, “Yes, this is evidence of ancient aliens.” No credible scholar does that.
Moreover, the whole SETI project– the Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence– it’s been going on now for nearly 50 years.
The fact that we have found no radio telescope evidence of extraterrestrials plays very much into the Fermi paradox in that it further indicates: if they’re out there, why aren’t we hearing from them? And we don’t seem to be hearing from them.
But in the 1960s, MIT astrophysicist John Ball rebutted Fermi’s hypothesis with the zoo hypothesis.
The zoo hypothesis says that we are in a zoo or a wilderness area, that they have essentially left alone and are going to leave alone to allow us to develop in our own way and at our own rate.
Extraterrestrials have detected us on Earth, but have chosen not to come here, not to invade, but rather to observe us as we observe animals in the zoo.
They’ve thought, “We’ll do a study of those earthlings and see what sort of people they are.”
Now, why would they do this? Well, if on the one hand, we have nothing they want, that’s surely true.
And on the other hand, we aren’t able to interfere with whatever they’re doing. That’s also surely true.
They’re out there doing their own thing, and they’re not paying any attention to us. And we’re not clever enough to eavesdrop on whatever they’re doing.
That’s the predicament we’re in. We have something that is looking down and monitoring us.
We are on the Petri dish and we can’t get out far enough to see what’s behind those eyes behind that microscope.
If aliens are watching us right now, where are they? Some believe they are sitting out in space in what are called “Lagrange points named after mathematician and astronomer Joseph Lagrange, who discovered them in 1772.
There are five of these points between the sun, the Earth, and our moon.
Lagrange points are points between two bodies where the forces balance equally.
Think of, like, a seesaw when you have a one really heavy person and one really light person.
There’s a kind of balance point in there, and that’s what a Lagrange point is.
Lagrange points are where we send some of our own satellites.
And that’s a point in space where you can just sort of sit there inert for millions of years if you had to without having to worry about in course corrections.
If you go anywhere else in the solar system, uh, then in order to keep pace with Earth as it orbits the sun, you’ve got to continually change your position.
So people have talked about Lagrange points as a place where a spacecraft might hide out because you don’t have to do a lot to stay in that spot.
It’s sort of equally balanced and you just get carried along.
If an extraterrestrial race would have ever visited our solar system, they would have placed a probe in those specific points in order to observe us, to record us, what have you.
So, I mean, this is not something that the ancient astronaut theory has proposed.
This is, you know, university professors, astrophysicists who have proposed this.
Some argue that another reason alien beings have yet to reveal themselves is that they don’t yet consider us worthy.
This forms the basis of John Ball’s jungle hypothesis.
The jungle hypothesis just means that if you have animals, such as ants, that live in the jungle, no matter how many of them you have, their chances of ever having seen a human being are very slim.
Not because we’re hiding or anything, but we just don’t have a reason to go into the jungle and step on anthills.
So, the idea is that we are probably related to advanced extraterrestrial intelligence similar to an anthill might be related to humans.
And the fact that we’ve never seen any extraterrestrial intelligence is just we don’t have anything they want.
We could actually shake hands with something that might have been coming and going on this planet for literally thousands, perhaps millions, of years, and has kept a distance during the last age of man for reasons unknown, and maybe is waiting for us all to finally grow up.
One thing that can be said with a great deal of confidence is that, if the contact is initiated by them, they are going to be not only superior to us but greatly superior to us.
They won’t be just beginners like we are. They will be far more advanced than we are.
Both the jungle and zoo hypotheses propose that alien beings are watching us, but are, for the time being, keeping their distance.
But what if they’re not? What if the alien mission was to integrate with our society in a way that avoids detection? If so, might they be walking among us right now? According to the ancient astronaut theory, aliens may have come to Earth for many reasons: to excavate, to breed, to conquer, or simply to explore.
Certainly, we want to go out and find out about things we don’t know about.
We see the moon. We want to go up to the moon and find out more things about it; we see Mars, we want to go there. We want to go to Jupiter. We send out our probes.
So, if aliens are something like us, then perhaps they have that same kind of motivation.
They just want to go learn.
Just like we exhibit curiosity, there are other species out there that have the same trait. It would be very egotistical to think that we’re the only explorers in this galaxy.
I mean, that would be a very sad statement to suggest we’re the only ones with a brain and want to go out there and explore.
But while our own journeys into space have been brief and largely exploratory, could other beings, traveling millions of miles to Earth, have stayed? And, if so, might they still be among us?
Many ancient astronaut theorists think this all happened in the past and the extraterrestrials came here, did this and did that, and then they took off back to their own planet.
But there’s a lot of evidence to show that extraterrestrials who might have come here in the past, they’ve never left.
They have bases somewhere on the planet underneath the oceans, inside mountains.
In South America, there are very strong beliefs that many UFO’s come out of lakes and underwater.
Lake Titicaca and other lakes in Peru and Bolivia and other areas of South America have some kind of underground, underwater alien base associated with them.
If aliens were coming to our planet, there seems little doubt that they would stop at the moon on their way here.
The moon itself is kind of the eye in the sky.
NASA says that the moon is apparently hollow.
During the Apollo missions, the command module crashed into the moon.
And the moon rang like a bell for hours.
There are craters on the moon which they cannot find a bottom to.
It’s thought by some researchers, that these bottomless craters are entrances inside our moon.
The whole enigma of the moon gets weirder and weirder the more you know it.
Was the moon actually brought here from another solar system and put into orbit around our planet? Biologists say that life on this planet could never have occurred without our moon.
And the reason for that is that the moon creates the tidal effect.
And without the effect of tides and this rhythmic motion on the oceans, life would never have begun on this planet.
In my mind, the evidence is there that the moon is a gigantic spaceship in orbit around our planet.
It’s occupied by some extraterrestrial race.
In many ways, it’s much like the George Lucas Death Star concept in Star Wars where they’re building this artificial moon that’s capable, with technology, of actually destroying a planet.
But if alien beings are using the moon as some sort of satellite for Earth observation, why? What would be the purpose? And where is the proof? They would like to see us evolve.
You know, they are great masters, great avatars.
They are very high. And so are we. And we need to live up to our potential.
We really need to live up to our potential for all people.
Your attention, please. Today, we are living still, as if we are alone in the universe while hundreds and thousands of people are seeing unusual crafts in the skies as they did 5,000 years ago.
And so, in a way, the idea that the ancient aliens would finally be coming around full circle all the way into the 21st century trying to push open a truth that governments have suppressed in the 20th century is really very ironic.
There are many diverse and conflicting theories concerning the idea that alien astronauts have been visiting the earth for centuries.
But perhaps the proof lies in the most obvious place of all: right within ourselves.
Somewhere in our genes, it is coded that extraterrestrials were here thousands of years ago.
And it takes a certain time before this message is open to us, maybe in the brain.
I don’t believe extraterrestrials, E.T’s, ancient astronauts are the missing link.
I think what they very well could be, they may be the beginning of the link– the link that helped genetically alter human beings, the link that jump-started our civilization the way we are today.
It’s very possible they came down here and saw some creature, and they said, “You know what? We’re going to jump-start this.”
It may take another ten million years for this thing to become smart and intelligent.
So they created us.
And we’re smart and intelligent now, aren’t we?
Read episode two, season one here(Part One) and here(Part Two).
NOTE: This article is an edited version of episode three, season one, of the TV Series Ancient Aliens. Our editors worked hard to correct out any mistakes, and arrange the context so that our readers can enjoy reading through the episodes, without having to watch them. I believe that when you read through these episodes, you can imagine (reconstruct) what the participants of the Series were trying to say in a much more efficient, a much richer way.
Govert Schilling neemt je mee op reis naar M13, een kolossale, bolvormige samenscholing van vele honderdduizenden sterren die tot de oudste structuren in het Melkwegstelsel behoort.
Kon Charles Messier vandaag maar mee. De 18de-eeuwse Franse astronoom zou onze ruimtereis naar M13 fantastisch hebben gevonden. Een reis van 22.000 lichtjaar naar een van de mooiste objecten in zijn Catalogue des Nébuleuses & des amas d’Étoiles uit 1781. Nummer 13 om precies te zijn; de letter M staat voor ‘Messier’.
Het kogelronde nevelvlekje in het sterrenbeeld Hercules werd in 1714 al ontdekt door Edmund Halley. Ook Messier kon er aanvankelijk geen structuur in onderscheiden. Pas later ontdekten astronomen dat het geen gasnevel is, maar een gigantische verzameling van afzonderlijke sterren – een zogeheten bolvormige sterrenhoop. In België en Nederland staat de sterrenhoop in de zomermaanden ’s nachts hoog aan de hemel, bijna in het zenit.
Onze trip naar M13 voert ons uit de platte, centrale schijf van het Melkwegstelsel. Het uitzicht tijdens de reis is adembenemend: we kijken onder een steeds grotere hoek tegen het Melkwegstelsel aan, dat zich al snel over de halve hemel uitstrekt. In de verte is de gele gloed van de oude sterren in het Melkwegcentrum zichtbaar. Daaromheen zijn de opvallende spiraalarmen gewikkeld, met hun donkere stofwolken, felroze gasnevels en blauwwit fonkelende jonge sterren.
Ons reisdoel wordt steeds beter zichtbaar: een kolossale, bolvormige samenscholing van vele honderdduizenden sterren, met een middellijn van zo’n 150 lichtjaar. De meeste van die sterren zijn twaalf of dertien miljard jaar oud; astronomen hebben ontdekt dat bolhopen tot de oudste structuren in het Melkwegstelsel behoren.
Tussen die talloze oranjegele oude zonnen schitteren hier en daar ook heldere blauwe sterren. Die doen een veel jongere leeftijd vermoeden. Maar schijn bedriegt. In het centrum van M13 staan de sterren zo dicht bij elkaar dat ze af en toe met elkaar in botsing komen en versmelten tot een zwaardere ster die een even fel en blauwwit licht uitstraalt als een pasgeboren exemplaar.
We laveren tussen de sterren door naar het oogverblindende centrum van M13. Kijk: rond sommige van de sterren in de bolhoop cirkelen planeten. We zetten ons ruimteschip aan de grond aan de nachtzijde van een van deze buitenaardse werelden. Maar donker is het er niet: de hemel is bezaaid met vele duizenden sterren. Die geven stuk voor stuk meer licht dan de heldere planeet Venus. Het is een spectaculair schouwspel, deels dankzij dat overweldigende beeld van ons eigen Melkwegstelsel op de achtergrond.
Zou er op sommige van de planeten in M13 leven kunnen voorkomen? De wereld waar wij geland zijn is een kale, rotsachtige bal zonder water en zonder dampkring. Maar hoe zijn de omstandigheden op die vele andere planeten? Net als hun moedersterren zijn ze miljarden jaren oud. Heeft er zich in die enorm lange tijd leven kunnen vormen en ontwikkelen? Of waren de organische bouwstenen die daarvoor nodig zijn in die kosmische oertijd nog onvoldoende voorradig?
De aardse astronomen die in 1974 de grote Arecibo-radiotelescoop op Puerto Rico in gebruik namen, wisten dat natuurlijk ook niet. Toch zonden ze met hun gloednieuwe, 300 meter grote schotelantenne een radiosignaal in de richting van M13. Het was een boodschap van de mensheid, bestemd voor mogelijke buitenaardse beschavingen.
Het zal nog ruim twintigduizend jaar duren voordat dat zwakke signaal hier, op M13, aankomt. Daarop kunnen we moeilijk wachten. We laten onze blik nog eenmaal over de flonkerende sterrenpracht dwalen, en dan draaien we de neus van ons sneller-dan-het-licht-ruimteschip weer in een andere richting. Het heelal heeft nog veel meer voor ons in petto.
Verrassing! Planetoïde die in juni langs de aarde scheerde, is niet alleen
Verrassing! Planetoïde die in juni langs de aarde scheerde, is niet alleen
Vivian Lammerse
Het blijkt te gaan om twee ruimtestenen!
Eind vorig jaar maakte we kennis met de planetoïde YE5, die vervolgens in juni langs de aarde scheerde. Hij ontmoette ons op zo’n 6 miljoen kilometer van de aarde vandaan, ofwel ongeveer 16 keer de afstand tussen de aarde en de maan. En hoewel we tot nu toe dachten dat het ging om een eenling, blijkt YE5 een tweeling te zijn!
BINAIRE SYSTEMEN
Wetenschappers denken dat van de aardscheerders die groter zijn dan 200 meter, 15 procent binaire systemen zijn. Deze hebben in de meeste gevallen een groter object en een veel kleinere satelliet. Twee even grote ruimtestenen zoals YE5 zijn veel zeldzamer. Daarnaast schatten de onderzoekers dat planetoïden die ook nog eens van dezelfde grootte zijn en met elkaar in contact staan, een andere 15 procent inhouden.
YE5 Waarnemingen met NASA’s Goldstone Solar System Radar (GSSR) onthulden de eerste tekenen dat YE5 een binair systeem zou kunnen zijn. De waarnemingen lieten twee verschillende lobben zien, maar door de stand van de planetoïde was het niet goed te zien of de twee ruimtestenen gescheiden, of verbonden waren. Toen de twee objecten roteerden, werd de opening tussen de twee zichtbaar. De twee zijn vrijwel identiek van grootte en draaien om elkaar heen. Een interessante ontdekking, want dit is slechts de vierde binaire planetoïde die ooit langs de Aarde scheerde. De nieuwe waarnemingen leveren de meest gedetailleerde beelden ooit van dit type binaire planetoïde op.
Observaties Een aantal observaties zijn bijzonder interessant. Zo draaien de twee ruimtestenen om de 20 tot 24 uur om elkaar heen. Daarnaast blijken de twee niet zoveel zonlicht te reflecteren als een typische rotsachtige planetoïde. YE5 is waarschijnlijk net zo donker als houtskool. Uit de foto’s blijkt dat er ook een opvallend verschil zit in de radarreflectiviteit van de twee objecten, een fenomeen dat nog niet eerder is waargenomen bij meer dan 50 andere binaire planetoïde systemen die sinds 2000 zijn bestudeerd. De tweeling kan bijvoorbeeld verschillende dichtheden, composities in de buurt van hun oppervlakken of verschillende oppervlakteruwheden hebben.
Radarbeelden van YE5.
Afbeelding: NASA
De ontdekking dat YE5 met z’n tweeën is, biedt wetenschappers een belangrijke mogelijkheid om de kennis over de verschillende soorten binaire systemen te verbeteren. Door analyse van radarbeelden en optische waarnemingen, kunnen wetenschappers de dichtheden van de YE5-objecten schatten. Dit zal belangrijke informatie over de samenstelling, interne structuur en hun ontstaan boven tafel brengen.
Planet Sized Circular Object Detected by STEREO Satellites
Planet Sized Circular Object Detected by STEREO Satellites
Given the knowledge of where the STEREO crafts were at the time, it should be able to triangulate the size, orbit, and relative position at the time of this video. Very cool video.
The STEREO project (Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory) of the US space agency NASA consists of two almost identical space probes, which for the first time observe the sun and the interaction of its particle eruptions and fields with the Earth's magnetosphere in three dimensions (stereo effect) and also monitor its remote side.
(Arjun Walia) With the recent release of the Pentagon’s UFO footage, which comprised of two videos filmed by U.S. Navy pilots of objects performing maneuvers that defy our current understanding of aerodynamics, the topic of UFOs has once again grabbed headlines around the world.
The video was a step forward towards disclosing the fact that there are unknown objects in our atmosphere that are commonly spotted and tracked on radar by defence authorities. They are highly technologically advanced, more so than any air-craft which is available in any global inventory at the moment.
Further to this, many people have had strange sightings that don’t really ‘make sense,’ in the realm of known aircrafts. The frequency of these sightings are not uncommon these days, especially for avid star gazers.
Haven’t seen one yourself? Well, how often are you looking up into the night sky? For many people, the answer is little to never.
Who Man’s These Craft’s?
The next question to be asked is, are these objects, or at least some of them, extraterrestrial?
According to one of the pilots who filmed the UFO released by the Pentagon, yes, they are, at least that’s their belief. The Pentagon’s “aerial defence” program director, Luis Elizondo also shared his belief that they are, along with hundreds of other high ranking personnel from several branches of military, intelligence, academia, aerospace and academia. He said that there is plenty of evidence to make that connection… The most recent example might be Robert Bigelow, founder of the Bigelow Aerospace corporation who, not long ago, stated that he knows we are being visited, and have been visited by ET’s.
“Yes there have been crashed craft, and bodies recovered. . . . We are not alone in the universe, they have been coming here for a long time. . . . I happen to be privileged enough to be in on the fact that we have been visited on this planet, and the UFO phenomenon is real.”
Ancient history is fascinating to say the least, and we’ve discovered so much about it. But, at the same time, we still know very little about Earth’s history and even the history of humanity. One of the most fascinating points to make about ancient history is that much of which was once considered mythological, is actually turning out to be true.
Perhaps information that didn’t fit within our framework of accepted knowledge was deemed mythological? How can we take seriously the writings of ancient Greek philosophers when describing social life and other aspects of humanity, yet when it comes to other areas of the world, like the Oracle at Delphi, they are placed in a the mythological realm?
Perhaps some was mythological, but perhaps some of what we call mythological was actually real.
Another great example is the Lost Land of Atlantis, a highly technologically advanced civilization that would shake what we thought we knew of human history, it’s not so much a tale anymore, and it’s one of many examples that show what we’ve been taught may not be completely correct.
For anybody who has done their research in this area, it’s quite clear given the evidence we now have, that Atlantis was far from a mythological place. Given our research on Atlantis, and many scholars out there, Atlantis is no joke, and perhaps before that, Lemuria as well.
This is why when it comes to stories of figures like Quetzalcoatl, it’s always interesting to contemplate that they were real.
The video footage mentioned above, which was released by the Pentagon, was done so in conjunction with To The Stars Academy headed by Tom Delonge, along with Luis Elizondo (mentioned earlier), and several other figures who’ve held high level positions within the Department of Defence. The Pentagon is working with the academy in the disclosure of UFO’s.
That in itself is a completely different discussion with many implications. It’s hard to trust the government these days, so can we really trust them with UFO disclosure and what that means? Will leave this for another time.
Delonge recently made some interesting comments about his experiences so far, and the contacts he’s been able to make, and the discussions that have been had.
“I went and met a former director of the CIA and NSA…Right when I sat down and told him about the book you know what he says to me? He goes, “I didn’t read much science fiction when I was a kid but I read a lot about Greek mythology”…The sixth biggest defense contractor in the world is a company called Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC)…and in the front of the building (SAIC’s headquarters) you have an obelisk coming out of a fake leg and two Atlantians on thrones, and they’re both holding pyramids and one says the past and one says the future, and they’re 8 foot tall statues.”
So, who was Quetzalcoatl? Considered to be a mythical tale, Spanish chronicler Juan de Torquemada states that Quetzalcoatl was ‘a fair and ruddy complexioned man with a long beard. Another describes him as follows:
“A mysterious person…a white man with strong formation of body, broad forehead, large eyes, and a flowing beard. He was dressed in a long, white robe reaching to his feet. He condemned sacrifices, except of fruits and flowers, and was known as the god of peace…When addressed on the subject of war he is reported to have stopped up his ears with his fingers.”
Graham Hancock, one of the world’s foremost researchers into such things, describes another description from Central American Mayan tradition in his book, Fingerprints of the Gods:
“He came from across the sea in a boat that moved by itself without paddles. He was a tall, bearded white man who taught people to use fire for cooking. He also built houses and showed couples that they could live together as husband and wife; and since people often quarrelled in those days, he taught them to live in peace.”
This figure is spoken of the Mesoamerican culture.
It’s interesting because there are multiple accounts of various figures, not just Quetzalcoatl, all of which seemed to have provided humanity with a little ‘push’, here and there, and assistance with regards to discovery. Nothing was really done for humanity, it seemed that the common theme through all of these contacts was for us to better ourselves, and be responsible for our own progression, with a little bit of assistance.
Not all of the ‘gods’ were kind, loving and peaceful. There were others who required sacrifices, and seemed to almost be a little opposite of ones like Quetzalcoatl.
What’s also interesting is that the descriptions of Quetzalcoatl resemble modern day descriptions of some, supposed extraterrestrial beings. Those who have examined the lore, like myself, would know this. Could these have been who we consider today, benevolent extraterrestrial beings? Perhaps.
Ancient history, along with many ancient cultures who pre-date modern-day religion, all have very interesting stories which can easily be interpreted has highly advanced beings from another place.
The idea that these are just mere interpretations seem to be dwindling every year. Being an avid researcher in the field for more than a decade, I can tell you that extraterrestrial intelligence is just the tip of the iceberg. It truly does open up Pandora’s box, and there is much more to this universal story, so much so that we probably couldn’t even comprehend it.
The evidence today points to the idea that we’ve been visited for a long time, so to contemplate the idea that these were extraterrestrial visits is not out of the question.
“There are objects in our atmosphere which are technically miles in advance of anything we can deploy, that we have no means of stopping them coming here … [and] that there is a serious possibility that we are being visited and have been visited for many years by people from outer space, from other civilizations….Who they are, where they come from, and what they want. This should be the subject of rigorous scientific investigation and not the subject of ‘rubishing’ by tabloid newspapers.”
– Lord Admiral Hill-Norton, former Chief of Defence Staff, 5 Star Admiral of the Royal Navy, Chairman of the NATO Military Committee (source)
If they have been here as well as visiting us for a long time, that’s good news. It takes out the idea of an ‘extraterrestrial invasion’, because, if that were the case, it would have already happened by now.
To find all of our archived articles on the UFO/Extraterrestrial phenomenon, you can visit theexopolitics section of our website.
The meaning of Quetzalcoatl is “feathered serpent,” this is the translation that comes from ancient South America, from the Maya and the Aztecs. In Hancock’s book, he goes on to describe how there were other entities who resembled Quetzalcoatl quite closely:
“There were other deities, among the Maya in particular, whose identities seemed to merge closely with those of Quetzalcoatl. One was Votan, a great civilizer, who was also described as pale-skinned, bearded and wearing a long robe. Sholars could offer no translation for his name but his principal symbol, like that of Quetzalcoatl, was a serpent. Another closely related figure was Itzamana, the Mayan god of healing, who was robed and bearded individual, his symbol, too, was the rattlesnake.”
Graham, in his book, goes on to state:
“All of the legends stated unambiguously that Quetzalcoatl/Kukulkan/Gucumatz/Votan/Itzamana had arrived in Central America from some-where very far away (across the “Eastern Sea”) and that amid great sadness he had eventually sailed off again in the direction whence he had come.”
This is an interested quote, and relates closely to a sentiment shared by a First Nations Canadian storyteller, Richard Wagamese:
“My people tell of Star People who came to us many generations ago. The Star people brought spiritual teachings and stories and maps of the cosmos and they offered these freely. They were kind, loving and set a great example. When they left us, my people say there was a loneliness like no other.” (source)
Interesting to think about. These are versions of history that old more plausibility to them than the ones we currently consider concrete. As we continue to move forward exponentially, perhaps our destiny is in the stars and we ourselves one day will be the extraterrestrials, or perhaps we already are.
About the Author
Arjun Walia: I joined the CE team in 2010 shortly after finishing university and have been grateful for the fact that I have been able to do this ever since There are many things happening on the planet that don’t resonate with me, and I wanted to do what I could to play a role in creating change. It’s been great making changes in my own life and creating awareness and I look forward to more projects that move beyond awareness and into action and implementation. So stay tuned arjun@collective-evolution.com
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Stillness in the Storm Editor’s note:
Did you find a spelling error or grammar mistake? Do you think this article needs a correction or update? Or do you just have some feedback? Send us an email at sitsshow@gmail.com with the error, headline and url. Thank you for reading.
The temple was discovered when archaeologists were analyzing the damage in Teopanzolco pyramid.
(National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH))
Archeologists made a stunning discovery in Mexico on Wednesday when they uncovered an ancient temple nestled inside an Aztec-era pyramid that was damaged during last September's 7.1-magnitude earthquake.
Scientists from Mexico’s National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH) were checking for structural damage on the Teopanzolco pyramid in Morelos state, about 43 miles south of Mexico City, with a radar when they discovered the 20-by-13-feet temple.
Teopanzolco pyramid was built sometime between 1200 and the Spanish conquest in 1521.
(National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH))
“In spite of what the earthquake meant, it is necessary to be thankful that, for this natural phenomenon, this important structure [appeared] that changes the dating of the archaeological site,” the institute said in a news release.
The ancient temple nestled inside an Aztec-era pyramid.
(National Institute of Anthropology and History (INAH))
The temple dates back further than the pyramid, which was built sometime between 1200 and the Spanish conquest in 1521. Archeologists believe the temple was built between 1150 and 1200 and was dedicated to the Aztec rain god Tlaloc.
An incense burner and ceramic shards were also located among the remains.
Archeologists believe the temple was built between 1150 and 1200 and was dedicated to the Aztec rain god Tlaloc.
(National Institute of Anthropology and History)
Barbara Koniecza, archeologist from the INAH Morelos Center, said it was common for pre-Hispanic cultures to build one temple over another.
"Possibly, on the right side are the remains of another temple dedicated to Huitzilopochtli,” she said in a Wednesday news conference.
She added that the pyramid endured extensive damage during the September quake.
An incense burner and ceramic shards were also located in the remains. (National Institute of Anthropology and History)
"The pyramid suffered considerable rearrangement of the core of its structure," Koniecza said.
Koniecza explained the quake left big gaps between the stones, causing the pyramid to be unstable. Scientists are working to restore the pyramid’s main structure.
The earthquake struck on Sept. 19, causing significant damage to many historical monuments, including colonial churches. More than 200 people were killed in Mexico City and many people were trapped under rubble when buildings were toppled.
Are we alone? Unfortunately, neither of the answers feel satisfactory. To be alone in this vast universe is a lonely prospect. On the other hand, if we are not alone and there is someone or something more powerful out there, that too is terrifying.
As a NASA research scientist and now a professor of physics, I attended the 2002 NASA Contact Conference, which focused on serious speculation about extraterrestrials. During the meeting a concerned participant said loudly in a sinister tone, "You have absolutely no idea what is out there!" The silence was palpable as the truth of this statement sunk in. Humans are fearful of extraterrestrials visiting Earth. Perhaps fortunately, the distances between the stars are prohibitively vast. At least this is what we novices, who are just learning to travel into space, tell ourselves.
I have always been interested in UFOs. Of course, there was the excitement that there could be aliens and other living worlds. But more exciting to me was the possibility that interstellar travel was technologically achievable. In 1988, during my second week of graduate school at Montana State University, several students and I were discussing a recent cattle mutilation that was associated with UFOs. A physics professor joined the conversation and told us that he had colleagues working at Malmstrom Air Force Base in Great Falls, Montana, where they were having problems with UFOs shutting down nuclear missiles. At the time I thought this professor was talking nonsense. But 20 years later, I was stunned to see a recording of a press conference featuring several former US Air Force personnel, with a couple from Malmstrom AFB, describing similar occurrences in the 1960s. Clearly there must be something to this.
With July 2 being World UFO Day, it is a good time for society to address the unsettling and refreshing fact we may not be alone. I believe we need to face the possibility that some of the strange flying objects that outperform the best aircraft in our inventory and defy explanation may indeed be visitors from afar – and there's plenty of evidence to support UFO sightings.
The nuclear physicist Enrico Fermi was famous for posing thought provoking questions. In 1950, at Los Alamos National Laboratory after discussing UFOs over lunch, Fermi asked, "Where is everybody?" He estimated there were about 300 billion stars in the galaxy, many of them billions of years older than the sun, with a large percentage of them likely to host habitable planets. Even if intelligent life developed on a very small percentage of these planets, then there should be a number of intelligent civilizations in the galaxy. Depending on the assumptions, one should expect anywhere from tens to tens of thousands of civilizations.
With the rocket-based technologies that we have developed for space travel, it would take between 5 and 50 million years for a civilization like ours to colonize our Milky Way galaxy. Since this should have happened several times already in the history of our galaxy, one should wonder where is the evidence of these civilizations? This discrepancy between the expectation that there should be evidence of alien civilizations or visitations and the presumption that no visitations have been observed has been dubbed the Fermi Paradox.
Carl Sagan correctly summarized the situation by saying that "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence." The problem is that there has been no single well-documented UFO encounter that would alone qualify as the smoking gun. The situation is exacerbated by the fact that many governments around the world have covered upand classifiedinformation aboutsuch encounters. But there are enough scraps of evidence that suggest that the problem needs to be open to scientific study.
When it comes to science, the scientific method requires hypotheses to be testable so that inferences can be verified. UFO encounters are neither controllable nor repeatable, which makes their study extremely challenging. But the real problem, in my view, is that the UFO topic is taboo.
While the general public has been fascinated with UFOs for decades, our governments, scientists and media, have essentially declared that of all the UFO sightings are a result of weather phenomenon or human actions. None are actually extraterrestrial spacecraft. And no aliens have visited Earth. Essentially, we are told that the topic is nonsense. UFOs are off-limits to serious scientific study and rational discussion, which unfortunately leaves the topic in the domain of fringe and pseudoscientists, many of whom litter the field with conspiracy theories and wild speculation.
I think UFO skepticism has become something of a religion with an agenda, discounting the possibility of extraterrestrials without scientific evidence, while often providing silly hypotheses describing only one or two aspects of a UFO encounter reinforcing the popular belief that there is a conspiracy. A scientist must consider all of the possible hypotheses that explain all of the data, and since little is known, the extraterrestrial hypothesis cannot yet be ruled out. In the end, the skeptics often do science a disservice by providing a poor example of how science is to be conducted. The fact is that many of these encounters – still a very small percentage of the total – defy conventional explanation.
The media amplifies the skepticism by publishing information about UFOs when it is exciting, but always with a mocking or whimsical tone and reassuring the public that it can't possibly be true. But there are credible witnesses and encounters.
Cover of the October 1957 issue of pulp science fiction magazine Amazing Stories. This was a special edition devoted to 'flying saucers,' which became a national obsession after airline pilot Kenneth Arnold sighted a saucer-shaped flying objects in 1947.
Why don't astronomers see UFOs?
I am often asked by friends and colleagues, "Why don't astronomers see UFOs?" The fact is that they do. In 1977, Peter Sturrock, a professor of space science and astrophysics at Stanford University, mailed 2,611 questionnaires about UFO sightings to members of the American Astronomical Society. He received 1,356 responses from which 62 astronomers – 4.6 percent – reported witnessing or recording inexplicable aerial phenomena. This rate is similar to the approximately 5 percent of UFO sightings that are never explained.
As expected, Sturrock found that astronomers who witnessed UFOs were more likely to be night sky observers. Over 80 percent of Sturrock's respondents were willing to study the UFO phenomenon if there was a way to do so. More than half of them felt that the topic deserves to be studied versus 20 percent who felt that it should not. The survey also revealed that younger scientists were more likely to support the study of UFOs.
UFOs have been observed through telescopes. I know of one telescope sighting by an experienced amateur astronomer in which he observed an object shaped like a guitar pick moving through the telescope's field of view. Further sightings are documented in the book "Wonders in the Sky," in which the authors compile numerous observations of unexplained aerial phenomena made by astronomers and published in scientific journals throughout the 1700s and 1800s.
Evidence from government and military officers
Some of the most convincing observations have come from government officials. In 1997, the Chilean government formed the organization Comité de Estudios de Fenómenos Aéreos Anómalos, or CEFAA, to study UFOs. Last year, CEFAA released footage of a UFO taken with a helicopter-mounted Wescam infrared camera.
The countries of Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Ecuador, France, New Zealand, Russia, Sweden and the United Kingdom have been declassifying their UFO files since 2008. The French Committee for In-Depth Studies, or COMETA, was an unofficial UFO study group comprised of high-ranking scientists and military officials that studied UFOs in the late 1990s. They released the COMETA Report, which summarized their findings. They concluded that 5 percent of the encounters were reliable yet inexplicable: The best hypothesis available was that the observed craft were extraterrestrial. They also accused the United States of covering up evidence of UFOs. Iran has been concerned about spherical UFOs observed near nuclear power facilities that they call "CIA drones" which reportedly are about 30 feet in diameter, can achieve speeds up to Mach 10, and can leave the atmosphere. Such speeds are on par with the fastest experimental aircraft, but unthinkable for a sphere without lift surfaces or an obvious propulsion mechanism.
1948 Top Secret USAF UFO extraterrestrial document. United States Air Force
Credit: United States Air Force
In December 2017, The New York Times broke a story about the classified Advanced Aviation Threat Identification Program, which was a $22 million program run by the former Pentagon official Luis Elizondo and aimed at studying UFOs. Elizondo resigned from running the program protesting extreme secrecy and the lack of funding and support. Following his resignation Elizondo, along with several others from the defense and intelligence community, were recruited by the To the Stars Academy of Arts & Science, which was recently founded by Tom DeLonge to study UFOs and interstellar travel. In conjunction with the launch of the academy, the Pentagon declassified and released three videos of UFO encounters taken with forward looking infrared cameras mounted on F-18 fighter jets. While there is much excitement about such disclosures, I am reminded of a quote from Retired Army Colonel John Alexander: "Disclosure has happened. … I've got stacks of generals, including Soviet generals, who've come out and said UFOs are real. My point is, how many times do senior officials need to come forward and say that this is real?"
A topic worthy of serious study
There is a great deal of evidence that a small percentage of these UFO sightings are unidentified structured craft exhibiting flight capabilities beyond any known human technology. While there is no single case for which there exists evidence that would stand up to scientific rigor, there are cases with simultaneous observations by multiple reliable witnesses, along with radar returns and photographic evidence revealing patterns of activity that are compelling.
Declassified information from covert studies is interesting, but not scientifically helpful. This is a topic worthy of open scientific inquiry, until there is a scientific consensus based on evidence rather than prior expectation or belief. If there are indeed extraterrestrial craft visiting Earth, it would greatly benefit us to know about them, their nature and their intent. Moreover, this would present a great opportunity for mankind, promising to expand and advance our knowledge and technology, as well as reshaping our understanding of our place in the universe.
This article was originally published on The Conversation. Read the original article. Follow all of the Expert Voices issues and debates — and become part of the discussion — on Facebook, Twitter and Google +. The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher. This version of the article was originally published on Space.com.
Martian 'Ghost Dunes' Could Preserve Signs of Ancient Life
Martian 'Ghost Dunes' Could Preserve Signs of Ancient Life
ByElizabeth Howell, Space.com Contributor
The footprints of long-gone sand dunes stretch across the Hellespontus region of Mars west of the Hellas basin in this image from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Scientists can identify consistent winds from the east (blowing from top to bottom in this image) that formed them. The dunes migrated with the wind and sometimes merged or extended to form new dunes, NASA officials said.
Credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona
Could pits hold evidence of ancient Mars life? Researchers just found hundreds of crescent-shaped depressions on the surface of the Red Planet. These pits likely used to be sand dunes — each one the size of the U.S. Capitol building, according to researchers.
These 'ghost dunes' remain preserved because of their composition. Lava or sediments washed into the area with water and partially buried these dunes as it streamed around them. Like a mold, the buried part of the dune hardened over time. After wind blew the exposed sand away, the mold inside remained and showed where the full dune used to be.
And maybe life is hiding there. In a statement from the American Geophysical Union, the research team said the tip of the trailing ends of each of these dunes might have enough shelter to preserve a bit of sand. Inside this sand could be signs of ancient life, protected from the radiation-heavy Mars environment. [Boiling Blood and Radiation: 5 Ways Mars Can Kill]
"We know that dunes on Earth can support life, and dunes on Earth are very similar to dunes on Mars," lead author Mackenzie Day, a planetary geomorphologist (someone who studies planetary surface changes) at the University of Washington in Seattle, said in the statement.
"One problem that Mars has that Earth doesn't is the surface radiation. If you are inside a dune, or at the bottom of a dune, and you are microbial life, the dune is protecting you from a lot of that radiation," Day added. "There is probably nothing living there now. But if there ever was anything on Mars, this is a better place than average to look."
The making of a ghost dune. a) Crescent-shaped barchan dunes form with the steep face away from the prevailing wind, seen with the black arrows. b) A slow-moving liquid such as lava or sediment in water flows around the dunes and buries them halfway before hardening into rock. c-e) Wind blows away the exposed sand and is directed inward to eventually mostly hollow out the pit. f) Some ancient sand may still lurk in the pits' deep crevices, protected from radiation.
Credit: Mackenzie Day/David Catling/AGU
Similar to active dune fields
Features like this aren't unique to Mars. The first ghost dunes were found on Earth in 2016 in the Snake River Plain, in eastern Idaho. On Mars, the new study uncovered similar-looking features in Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter images of the southern hemisphere at Hellas (an ancient impact crater) and Noctis Labyrinthus (a set of deep valleys.)
The ghost dunes probably stood about 40 meters (130 feet) tall at Noctis Labyrinthus and 75 meters (246 feet) tall at Hellas basin just before they were buried. They also appear to be barchan dunes – common dune types on both Mars and Earth. Barchan dunes are crescent-shaped features that occur on flat surfaces with little sand, in zones where the wind blows mostly from one direction.
Dune cast pits (panel b) found at Noctis Labyrinthus, west of Valles Marineris, indicated as the black star in panel a. Panels c and d are close-ups of the pits, showing the crescent shapes of barchan dunes.
Credit: Mackenzie Day/David Catling/AGU
The observations also suggest these pits have a similar size and shape to active dune fields on Mars, especially because the pits are aligned in the same way as today's dunes.
"Any one of these pits is not enough to tell you that it's a dune, or from an ancient dune field. But when you put them all together, they have so many commonalities with dunes on Mars and on Earth that you have to employ some kind of fantastic explanation to explain them as anything other than dunes," Day said.
"They are all going the same way," she added, "which you would expect for dunes, because they are all migrating and forming in the same wind regime. So just the shape and size tell us that these are features that are coming from an ancient dune system." [Gullies Streak Down Mars Crater in Stunning NASA Photo]
The ghost dunes probably were buried about 2 billion years ago, during the late Hesperian or early Amazonian period on Mars. The Hesperian is a transitional period in Martian history, when the planet changed from a wetter environment into the drier and wind-swept planet observed today. Researchers are still trying to understand why the climate changed; according to a leading hypothesis, the atmosphere thinned, making it impossible for water to flow on the surface.
The two sets of dunes might have been buried differently, the researchers said. Noctis Labyrinthus lies near previously active volcanoes, while the Hellas basin dune field is downstream of two large canyons that likely were shaped by water.
"If some of the water that carved those valleys made it downstream far enough, it could have gotten to the dune field," Day said. "The only thing that we know for sure is that the flow had to be relatively low energy, relatively slow, otherwise it would erode the dunes and we wouldn't get the shapes that we see today."
The first ghost dunes were discovered by David Gaylord in 2015 on Idaho's eastern Snake River Plain (111 degrees 36 minutes 11.06 seconds latitude and 44 degrees 4 minutes 54.2 seconds north longitude).
Credit: Google Earth
Besides giving clues of ancient life, the dunes could also show how the winds used to blow during earlier parts of Mars' history. This knowledge would help researchers better understand how sediments moved over the surface, the formation of large features and how the climate of the ancient past is different from atmospheric conditions observed today.
"The fact that the wind was different [when the ghost dunes formed] tells us that the environmental conditions on Mars aren't static over long timescales, they have changed over the past couple billion years, something we need to know to interpret the geology on Mars," Day said.
NASA Just Released Over 1,000 New Images Of Mars And They’re Out Of This World
The new work was detailed June 5 in the Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets.
Crescent-shaped Barchan dunes in Egypt's Western Desert show prevailing winds coming from the north (top of the image). The pits on Mars were once similar dunes. (25.706⁰, 30.347⁰)
Jacques-Yves Cousteau left an indelible mark on history thanks to his conservation efforts, marine exploration, and co-invention of the first self-contained scuba apparatus. The filmmaker and scientist left behind a rich body of work including dozens of books and over 100 oceanographic documentaries which have inspired new generations of ocean explorers and conservationists.
And he had an actual yellow submarine.
Now, it appears two of Cousteau’s grandchildren are following in their grandpere’s footsteps with an ambitious oceanographic project of their own. Rather than collecting records of the diverse flora and fauna of the silent world beneath the waves, however, Celine and Fabian Cousteau are diving into the inky black waters of Nova Scotia to investigate the infamous Shag Harbour UFO incident. What would Jacques think?
A bit of background for the unfamiliar: the Shag Harbour incident occurred on October 4, 1967 off the coast of the small fishing village of near Shag Harbor in Nova Scotia. Several eyewitnesses including an Air Canada cabin crew reported seeing a strange, yellow rectangular object in the skies, while other witnesses reported a rectangular formation of lights.
A few hours after those sightings were reported to have occurred, a low-flying object crashed into the waters of the harbor around 11:20 p.m. Units from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Canadian Coast Guard, Royal Canadian Navy, and Royal Canadian Air Force were all dispatched to investigate the incident and recover what might have crashed into the waters. According to official reports, nothing was found. Today, the Canadian government largely ignores or disregards the incident.
Although there is a sweet gift shop at the site.
According to Canada’s Global News, the Cousteau grandchildren will carry out an underwater search operation to try and unravel this mystery along with a local diver who participated in the initial search operations 51 years ago. No word on if their grandfather’s yellow submarine will be involved. Will their grandfather’s legacy enable them to uncover any hidden truths from the bottom of the icy waters of Shag Harbour?
Scientists may have found the missing piece to the puzzle of the “Gaia hypothesis.” First proposed by James Lovelock and Lynn Margulis in the 1970’s, the Gaia hypothesis is an attempt to explain how Earth has managed to sustain life in the face of the multitudes of cosmic and terrestrial cataclysms that have befallen our pale blue dot throughout the approximately 3.8 billion years since our very first single celled ancestors started this whole mess.
Were pretty much surrounded.
Essentially, the Gaia hypothesis (named for the Greek goddess who personified our planet) states that organic life interacting with non-organic materials—like the rock that makes up Earth’s crust—creates conditions that allow life to persist. Another way to say it is that Earth functions just like any other multi-cellular organism, with self regulating processes and systems that make sure that the whole thing doesn’t fall to pieces the next time it gets smacked with a space rock or some of its constituent parts go rogue and start tearing up the joint.
The thought that we’re all cells in the larger organism that is our mother Earth is a beautiful idea, even if it does sound like something your buddy Kevin might say around a campfire at 4 AM. The problem with the Gaia hypothesis is that scientists had no testable ideas on how these processes of self-stabilization might work. In a paper published in the journal Trends in Ecology and Evolution, scientists at the University of Exeter and University of Southhampton say they have found a solution to the puzzle of the Gaia hypothesis.
“What if we’re, like, all part of one big thing? Like, we are the cells.”
Writing in The Conversation, co-authors of the paper Tim Lenton and James Dyke say that the key may lie in the concept of “sequential-selection”:
In principle it’s very simple. As life emerges on a planet it begins to affect environmental conditions, and this can organise into stabilising states which act like a thermostat and tend to persist, or destabilising runaway states such as the snowball Earth events that nearly extinguished the beginnings of complex life more than 600m years ago.
If it stabilises then the scene is set for further biological evolution that will in time reconfigure the set of interactions between life and planet.
So what about those destabilizing runaway states? How could that help explain the persistence of life? Well, sequential selection means that when something gets out of hand, Gaia has a way of taking out the trash, so to speak. Dyke and Lenton say that there’s a good chance spontaneous interaction works, but like all things, there are boundaries:
The chances of life and environment spontaneously organising into self-regulating states may be much higher than you would expect. If fact, given sufficient biodiversity, it may be extremely likely. But there is a limit to this stability. Push the system too far and it may go beyond a tipping point and rapidly collapse to a new and potentially very different state.
It is pretty arrogant to think we could kill the earth before the earth kills us, come to think of it.
So, if the Gaia hypothesis is correct then it’s not that we need to worry about killing the planet—Earth has been around for far longer and been through way worse than we can throw at it—it’s that we need to worry about angering a vengeful nature goddess who’s back we happen to be riding upon, lest she decides to toss us off. That’s a comforting thought.
People in cities around the world—from Taos, New Mexico, to Windsor, Ontario, to Blackburn, England, to Auckland, New Zealand—have reported hearing strange humming noises that have no obvious source. The hums are often compared to the sound of idling trucks, and for the people who can hear them, they can be maddening, causing nausea and insomnia.
City officials and scientists have investigated various potential causes of the hums, including industrial plants, electricity pylons, mating fish, and even mass hysteria. In the first episode of our new series “Sound Mysteries,” we look into the case of the mysterious hums that have vexed people across the globe.
Overal ter wereld worden deze mysterieuze geluiden gehoord. Waar komen ze vandaan?
Overal ter wereld worden deze mysterieuze geluiden gehoord. Waar komen ze vandaan?
Inwoners van steden over de hele wereld – van Taos tot Windsor en van Blackburn tot Auckland – horen vreemde brommende geluiden die ze niet thuis kunnen brengen.
De bromtoon wordt vaak vergeleken met het geluid van stationair draaiende motoren. Mensen die ze horen kunnen er helemaal gek van worden.
Wetenschappers hebben de mogelijke bronnen van de geluiden onderzocht, waaronder industriegebieden, elektriciteitsmasten, parende vissen en zelfs massahysterie.
Raadsel
In 1991 werd de bromtoon gehoord door inwoners van Taos in New Mexico. De overheid kon de bron niet achterhalen en uiteindelijk leek het geluid vanzelf weer te verdwijnen.
In 2012 werd het mysterieuze geluid ook gehoord door tienduizenden Canadezen. Wetenschappers slaagden er niet in het raadsel op te lossen.
Overal
Ondertussen dook het geluid overal ter wereld op: Schotland, Nieuw-Zeeland, Engeland en verschillende Amerikaanse staten.
Er werd zelfs geclaimd dat de geluiden werden voortgebracht door UFO’s. Anderen beweren dat HAARP verantwoordelijk is voor de bromtoon.
Het lijkt alsof er ieder week meer meldingen komen van mensen die mysterieuze wolken of vreemde zaken er direct omheen waarnemen.
Het laatste was het geval in Pakistan waar een aantal mensen getuige was van manoeuvres van een UFO achter de wolken.
Of het nu iets is dat UFO’s de laatste tijd vaker doen of dat mensen meer naar de lucht kijken, weten we niet, maar er zijn steeds vaker meldingen van mensen die vreemde zaken waarnemen rondom wolken.
Iemand in Sialkot in het noorden van Pakistan heeft een bijzondere opname gemaakt van een wolk in de lucht waar vreemde dingen gebeuren.
Het ziet er in eerste instantie uit als een normale wolk, maar dan verschijnt er plotseling een object dat met de beste wil van de wereld niet uitgelegd kan worden als onderdeel van een natuurlijke wolk. Je ziet ook allerlei rare bewegingen in die wolk.
Volgens ufoloog Scott Waring zien we hier een kleinere UFO aan het werk die druk doende is om een cloak (wolk) te creëren om het grote moederschip onzichtbaar te maken.
Hij zegt dat dit soort UFO’s speciaal zijn gemaakt om wolken te laten ontstaan, als dekmantel voor de grotere schepen.
Bovenstaande opname is vrij zeldzaam omdat je vaak niet kunt zien dat ze bezig zijn met het maken van de wolk en je alleen het eindproduct ziet.
En als je dan toch probeert je ruimteschip te verbergen in een wolk zoals ook in onderstaande video dan kun je die beter niet de vorm geven van een klassieke retro UFO, want dat valt behoorlijk op.
En hoewel de natuur soms ook bizarre wolken kan maken, lijkt het hier toch een beetje teveel op de bekende vliegende schotel vorm.
Degene die deze video heeft geupload is hoogst waarschijnlijk niet de maker omdat deze verschillende vrij bekende video’s van anderen op zijn kanaal heeft geplaatst. Daardoor zal de opname waarschijnlijk ook ouder zijn, maar desalniettemin zijn het mooie beelden van een wolk die allesbehalve natuurlijke lijkt te zijn.
Dan nog een andere variant en dat is een grote wolk (UFO) waar als het ware kleinere UFO's omheen dansen. Enkele jaren geleden hadden we daar een prachtig voorbeeld van in Friesland.
Het verhaal van die getuige volgt hierna en hou je ogen open en kijk omhoog want je weet nooit wat voor bijzondere dingen je daar soms kunt zien.
"Het is dinsdagavond 7 oktober en om 20.30 stap ik op de fiets vanuit Lytse Geast,(een dorpje een kleine tien kilometer ten zuid-oosten van Leeuwarden).
Mijn weg voert door de weilanden over een afgelegen pad en als het even kan zorg ik er voor dat ik niet in mijn eentje in het donker nog op pad ben. Vandaag ben ik al te laat en de laatste schemering gaat al over in duister.
Ik ben nog maar net buiten, of het begint te regenen en hard te waaien. Schuin voor me zie ik een paar flitsen, en het rommelt in de verte, precies tussen mij en Leeuwarden, waar ik naar op weg ben. Onweer dus, ook dat nog.
Voor me is een brede, langgerekte, vrij laag hangende wolk. Dat is waar ik de hemel op zie lichten. Er komen witte bollen uit de wolk. Twee gaan naar links en twee gaan naar rechts. De afstand van de ene bol tot de andere blijft steeds gelijk, alsof ze met een touwtje aan elkaar vast zitten. Ze bewegen langzaam.
Ik weet niet, wat het is, dat ik zie... zijn dit vliegtuigen? van de basis? En waarom zijn die geïnteresseerd in een onweerswolk? Ja, het zijn vast vliegtuigen. Het licht pulseert ook, zoals bij een vliegtuig. Flits aan, flits uit. Ja maar, bij een vliegtuig zie je dan altijd ook een rood licht aan en uit flitsen. dat is hier niet. Alleen wit. Melkwit.
De twee bollen rechts zijn verdwenen, die van links zijn opeens weer terug boven de wolk. Verbeeld ik me nu dat ze sneller pulseren dan zo net? Nee, dat verbeeld ik me niet. Het lijken wel sterren en het licht is niet meer zozeer wit, als wel koud. Zoals bij sterretjes voor kleine kinderen. Het zijn nu dus geen witte bollen meer, maar steeds sneller aan- en uit flitsende 'sterren'.
Dan zijn ze weg. Een paar minuten is er niks meer te zien en dan opeens zijn er wel twintig. Allemaal onder, boven, naast of uit de wolk. En allemaal flitsen ze aan en uit, nu in een heel hoog tempo. In een ijzig wit licht dat zo fel is dat het mij verblindt. Je zou zeggen dat ze er plezier aan beleven, zoals ze om en door de wolk heen duiken. Er in, er uit, om de wolk heen, achter elkaar aan... Net zo plotseling als ze verschenen zijn ze nu weer weg.
En komen niet meer terug. En ik ben bijna bij de eerste huizen van de stad. Het regent niet meer en de wind gaat ook liggen. Hoe lang dit al met al geduurd heeft? Twintig minuten à hooguit een half uur. Ik kan me niet voorstellen, dat er niet meer mensen geweest zijn die dit gezien hebben. Er was echt een hele lichtshow in de lucht.
Wat me achteraf ook nog wel frappeert, is dat er eigenlijk alleen die ene enorm grote wolk was, verder was er vrijwel geen bewolking.
Beste bezoeker, Heb je zelf al ooit een vreemde waarneming gedaan, laat dit dan even weten via email aan Frederick Delaere opwww.ufomeldpunt.be. Deze onderzoekers behandelen jouw melding in volledige anonimiteit en met alle respect voor jouw privacy. Ze zijn kritisch, objectief maar open minded aangelegd en zullen jou steeds een verklaring geven voor jouw waarneming! DUS AARZEL NIET, ALS JE EEN ANTWOORD OP JOUW VRAGEN WENST, CONTACTEER FREDERICK. BIJ VOORBAAT DANK...
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
