What the In-Crowd Won’t Tell You About UFO Videos from 2019

You may observe the video below. You might examine the video below. The quick video below, for instance, is merely one of several contemporary sightings. Today, there are many videos of UFOs, and you will have the capacity to verify if they’re real or fake. Today, there are many videos of UFOs, and you’ll have the capability to verify if they’re real or fake.

If you’re seeking to get your own UFO sighting, there are in fact a few places where you’re more inclined to acquire your wish. Many reported UFO sightings actually end up being something as simple as a balloon. They actually end up being something as simple as a balloon.

The Downside Risk of UFO Videos from 2019

You might look at the video below. You might have a look at the video below. You may have a look at the video below. Be certain you have a look at the video below. You take a look at the video below. You might have a look at the video below. You have a look at the video below.

The Little-Known Secrets to UFO Videos from 2019

At a while, you will encounter a UFO. At some time, you will run into a UFO. Throughout that time period, there were two triangle UFOs sighted in the exact same spot. Throughout that period of time, there were two triangle UFOs sighted in the same spot. Throughout that period of time, there were two triangle UFOs sighted in the same spot.

The Debate Over UFO Videos from 2019

You think about the video below. You consider the video below. The above mentioned video has some of the communication between the pilots and ATC. Today, there are various videos of UFOs, and you’re going to be able to verify if they’re real or fake.

The Battle Over UFO Videos from 2019 and How to Win It

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Source: 

• http://footageofufos.com/2020/01/what-the-in-crowd-wont-tell-you-about-ufo-videos-from-2019-2/

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

03-01-2020 om 16:29 geschreven door peter  

Real Reasons Behind US Government Secrecy on UFOs

In 2017, the New York Times revealed the shocking story of a secret Pentagon program to investigate unidentified flying objects (UFOs). The story led many researchers to delve into this strange world. Since then, the public has learned some interesting information about UFOs or unidentified aerial phenomena (UAP) as the Pentagon refers to them.

However, the US government makes it extremely difficult to know what and where UFO-related stuff is going on. Some believe the government is behind some significant conspiracy to cover up the evidence of alien visitation to Earth. Others think the government is in cahoots with ET species to create human-alien hybrids.

Perhaps, but many suspects not.

What many others believe is that the few people in the US government who know about it believe the phenomena might be a threat but don’t know how to deal with it.

Several UFO enthusiasts suggest the government’s assessment of the phenomena, though they won’t admit it, is that the UFOs are being monitored near the nuclear-powered aircraft carriers. UFOs also are popping up near nuclear submarines and Air Force nuclear weapons bases.

On Robert Hastings’ documents, these UFOs have sometimes even temporarily shut down nuclear weapons systems in the US. It appears now that humanity’s perfection of nuclear energy piqued something or someone’s curiosity in us.

It is important to note that these UFOs are far more advanced than US military capabilities. These UFOs are observed as being capable of reaching hypersonic speeds, demonstrating anti-gravity and invisibility technologies. They have also been tracked moving in and out of Earth orbit, making the most advanced capabilities of the US military an absurd joke in comparison. If these UFOs intend harm, we don’t have a chance. For Pentagon planners, this scenario is an Armageddon-level thing.

Publicizing the truth about UFOs also risks another danger. If the US shares what it knows about UFOs, Russia or China might learn enough to replicate associated very advanced technologies behind UFOs for themselves. If Moscow or Beijing figures out the space-time manipulation before the US, we have a rather large problem.

So, don’t count the military to share more of what it knows anytime soon. We’ll get to the truth eventually, but it will take time.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

03-01-2020 om 16:20 geschreven door peter  

A new study focuses on the axial tilt of Earthlike exoplanets in binary or double star systems. It boosts hope for complex life elsewhere … although not, these astronomers say, within the star system closest to our sun.

Alpha Centauri A and Alpha Centauri B, the 2 stars in the Alpha Centauri system, just 4.2 light-years away. This system is our nearest neighbor among the stars. An additional faint red dwarf star, Alpha Centauri C, or Proxima Centauri, is also nearby. Many have hoped to find an exoplanet – perhaps capable of harboring advanced life – in this system. But a new study lowers those expectations while raising them for the rest of the universe.

Image via NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope/Georgia Tech.

Are we alone, or are there other intelligent civilizations in our Milky Way galaxy? In recent years, astronomers have discovered thousands of exoplanets, or worlds orbiting distant suns, some of which are potentially habitable. The growing consensus seems to be that we probably aren’t all by ourselves. Now a new study – announced by astronomers at the Georgia Institute of Technology (aka Georgia Tech) on November 20, 2019 – focuses on the axial tilt of Earthlike exoplanets in binary or double star systems. It also boosts hope for complex life elsewhere … although not, these astronomers say, within the star system closest to our sun.

• The new peer-reviewed study was published in The Astrophysical Journal on November 19.

The researchers found that if a theoretical twin of Earth were placed into a binary star system – where two stars orbit each other – up to 87% of them should tilt on their axes in a way similar to Earth’s. What’s more, the tilt should be as stable as Earth’s: not perfectly stable, but not wildly unstable, either. This result is significant, since Earth’s relatively steady tilt on its axis helps our world maintain a stable climate, needed for complex life to evolve.

Astronomer Gongjie Li at Georgia Tech said in a statement:

Multiple-star systems are common, and about 50% of stars have binary companion stars. So, this study can be applied to a large number of solar systems.

Do the results mean that all exoEarths in double star systems have steady and stable axial tilts, along with a greater potential for complex life? Unfortunately, no. We need only look as far as the next-nearest star system to find a counter-example.

• EarthSky 2020 lunar calendars are available! They make great gifts. Order now. Going fast!

Artist’s illustration of an exoEarth modeled into the Alpha Centauri star system. The planet is hypothetically in the habitable zone of Alpha Centauri B, but is icy and not very hospitable for complex life.

Image via Georgia Tech/Billy Quarles using Universe Sandbox.

That is, the researchers modeled an example of an Earthlike world within the habitable zones of the two primary stars in the Alpha Centauri system, only 4.2 light-years away. Their statement explained:

Alpha Centauri A actually didn’t look bad, but the outlook for mild axis dynamics on an exo-Earth modeled around star B was wretched. This may douse some hopes because Alpha Centauri AB is 4 light-years away, and a mission named Starshot with big-name backers plans to launch a space probe to examine the system, including for signs of advanced life.

So far, no actual exoplanets have yet been detected around either Alpha Centauri A or B. On the other hand, a planet is thought to orbit Proxima Centauri, a red dwarf star and technically our sun’s nearest neighbor (although no one knows for sure if Proxima is gravitationally bound to the A-B stars). This planet – called Proxima b – isn’t thought to be habitable, though. According to the new study’s principal investigator Billy Quarles, also of Georgia Tech:

We simulated what it would be like around other binaries with multiple variations of the stars’ masses, orbital qualities, and so on. The overall message was positive, but not for our nearest neighbor.

Earth’s axial tilt varies between 22.1 and 24.5 degrees every 41,000 years. This is mild enough for the planet to maintain a stable enough climate for complex life to evolve.

Image via timeanddate.com.

A world’s axial tilt is important to the question of whether it can produce and sustain complex life. That’s because, for example, Earth’s axial tilt has a huge effect on our planet’s climate.

Earth’s tilt doesn’t vary much – only between 22.1 and 24.5 degrees every 41,000 years – and that fact has helped the planet maintain a stable climate over hundreds of millions of years, these astronomers say. In turn, the stable climate has allowed evolution to proceed and produce more complex lifeforms.

Earth’s moon also helps to keep variation in Earth’s axial tilt to a minimum.

Plus Earth has a stable orbit around the sun, another factor in how well our planet can maintain a climate stable enough for complex life.

If a planet has large variations in its axial tilt – as our neighboring planet Mars does for example – it’s harder for the planet’s climate to stay stable. Mars’ axis is much more variable than Earth’s, precessing between 10 degrees and 60 degrees every 2 million years. According to Quarles:

If we didn’t have the moon, Earth’s tilt could vary by about 60 degrees. We’d look maybe like Mars, and the precession of its axis appears to have contributed to a loss of atmosphere.

On Mars, this has significant effects; at 10 degrees tilt, the atmosphere condenses at the poles, creating caps that lock up a lot of the carbon dioxide atmosphere in ice. At 60 degrees, the planet could actually develop an ice belt around its equator. There is a lot of ice underground on Mars today, even near the equator, but not on the surface of the planet except at the poles.

The researchers also found that – in a double star system – for example, for Alpha Centauri B, an Earth-like planet would actually have a more stable climate without a moon. According to Quarles:

Around Alpha Centauri B, if you don’t have a moon, you have a more stable axis than if you do have a moon. If you have a moon, it’s pretty much bad news.

But even without a moon, a planet orbiting Alpha Centauri B would have a difficult time maintaining a stable climate. Quarles said:

The biggest effect you would see is differences in the climate cycles related to how elongated the orbit is. Instead of having ice ages every 100,000 years like on Earth, they may come every 1 million years, be worse, and last much longer.

Astrophysicist Billy Quarles with the telescope at Georgia Tech’s observatory.

Image via Rob Felt/Georgia Tech.

But, Quarles noted, there’s also a sweet spot in their model, albeit a small one:

Planetary orbit and spin need to precess just right relative to the binary orbit. There is this tiny sweet spot.

The potential for habitable climates on Earth-like worlds in the galaxy and the universe in general, however, seems quite positive, according to Li:

In general, the separation between the stars is larger in binary systems, and then the second star has less of an effect on the model of Earth. The planet’s own motion dynamics dominate other influences, and obliquity usually has a smaller variation. So, this is quite optimistic.

This is great news for the search for life elsewhere. About half the stars in our galaxy exist in double star systems, and the new results suggest that many exoEarths in those systems should have stable climate systems, suitable for complex life to evolve.

Even if not right next door.

• Bottom line: A new study of exoplanet axial tilts from Georgia Tech shows that many Earth-sized worlds, even in binary star systems, could have stable enough climates for complex life to evolve.
• Source: Obliquity Evolution of Circumstellar Planets in Sun-like Stellar Binaries Via Georgia Institute of Technology

{ https://earthsky.org/ }

03-01-2020 om 01:52 geschreven door peter  

In the early hours of 2019, NASA's New Horizons zipped past the Kuiper Belt Object 2014 MU69, making the most distant spacecraft flyby ever performed. Over the last 12 months, researchers have teased a lot of information out of the images captured over the few hours leading up to and after the exploration of one of the most primordial objects in the solar system.

"It seems like it was just yesterday—time flies!" New Horizons co-investigator Fran Bagenal, a researcher at the University of Colorado Boulder, told Space.com by email.

Team member Kelsi Singer, a planetary scientist at the Southwest Research Center in Colorado, echoed the sentiment. "I can't believe it was already a year ago," Singer said.

Within the first week, researchers knew that MU69, now officially named Arrokoth, was made up of two flattened lobes, more like joined pancakes than a space snowman. In the intervening months, they determined the precise sizes of the lobes and their densities, measuring surface brightness and crater scars.

• Video: Relive NASA's Historic Kuiper Belt Flyby of New Horizons
• Related: New Horizons' Arrokoth Flyby in Pictures

A year of images

NASA's New Horizons spacecraft flies by the Kuiper Belt object Ultima Thule on Jan. 1, 2019 in this artist's illustration. It's the furthest planetary flyby in history. 

(Image credit: Adrian Mann/All About Space)

New Horizons principal investigator Alan Stern (center) celebrates with school children at the moment the spacecraft was planned to reach its closest approach to Kuiper Belt object Ultima Thule on Jan. 1, 2019 at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. It is the furthest flyby in history. 

(Image credit: Bill Ingalls/NASA)

If you prefer Kuiper Belt objects appearing to dance across your screen, New Horizons has you covered there, too. 

(Image credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute/National Optical Astronomy Observatory)

A new map produced by the New Horizons team appears to show the many different lumps of rock that converged to form the object nicknamed Ultima Thule. 

(Image credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute/ESA)

This composite image of the small Kuiper Belt object 2014 MU69, now officially named Arrokoth, was compiled from data obtained by NASA's New Horizons spacecraft as it flew by the object on Jan. 1, 2019. The image combines enhanced color data (close to what the human eye would see) with detailed high-resolution panchromatic pictures.  

(Image credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute//Roman Tkachenko)

NASA's New Horizons spacecraft flew by the distant Kuiper Belt object Ultima Thule (2014 MU69) on Jan. 1, 2019. 

(Image credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute/National Optical Astronomy Observatory

(Image credit: NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Southwest Research Institute)

New Horizons flew past 2014 MU69 on January 1, 2019 at 12:33 am EST, buzzing only 2,200 miles (3,538 km) above the object’s surface. When the spacecraft  approached Arrokoth, all researchers had was a measurement of the object's size and orbit and a rough understanding of its reddish color and relatively unchanging brightness. The first few moments put much of that uncertainty to rest.

Arrokoth consists of two lobes. The larger lobe, nicknamed Ultima, is approximately 13.5 miles (22 kilometers) long, 12 miles (20 km) wide, and 4 miles (7 km) thick. The smaller lobe, Thule, is more circular, roughly 8.5 miles (14 km) by 8.5 miles (14 km) with a thickness of 6 miles (10 km).

According to observations, the two lobes most likely formed at about the same time more than 4.5 billion years ago, at the dawn of the solar system. While they experienced some light cratering—including a massive blow that left Maryland, an extensive crater on Ultima that stretches 4.3 miles (7 km) across the surface—Arrokoth remains relatively unscathed since its birth. Scientists expect that impacts came early in Arrokoth's lifetime, then tapered off, making it one of the most pristine bodies in the solar system.

"I find it fascinating that Arrokoth is so lightly cratered," Singer said. The dearth of scars suggests that the Kuiper Belt Object (KBO) changed very little since its early birth. Most of the craters are surprisingly large, with few mid-sized or small craters scarring Arrokoth. "That tells us that there are not a lot of small objects out there," Singer said.

Its early origin was one of the primary reasons Arrokoth was selected for exploration. Scientists had hoped that they would be able to catch a glimpse of the building blocks of early solar system formation in the KBO, a hope that Arrokoth more than fulfilled. The lack of scarring around the neck, where the two lobes joined, suggest a gentle collision. This led researchers to surmise that Ultima and Thule likely formed separately at about the same time, then slowly spiraled into one another to create a single object.

"I think it's really interesting that people can look at the two parts of the object and estimate that they must have come together so slowly, almost equivalent to walking pace," Bagenal said.

Arrokoth rotates on its axis once every 16 hours as it makes its 293-Earth-year orbit around the sun. Unlike Earth, whose rotation axis is roughly perpendicular to its orbit, Arrokoth keeps its north pole pointed towards the sun, resulting in long polar days and nights when regions may receive decades of daylight or darkness.

New Horizons also mapped the features of Arrokoth, charting its composition, bright spots, and fractures across the surface. The most volatile ices long ago escaped from the tiny object, but methanol, acetylene, ethane and hydrogen cyanide would have been retained. As radiation from the distant sun and other stars hit Arrokoth, hydrogen would have slowly been released, turning the ices into material known as tholins. On Pluto's moon Charon, an earlier target of New Horizons, tholins create the reddish cap at the north pole. They may also be responsible for the reddish color of Arrokoth.

Not all of New Horizons' data has been returned to Earth. 

Although Singer said that all of the images from closest approach have returned to Earth, the spacecraft will continue to send home data until the mid-2020s at a speed of only a few bits per minute. Once it has all returned to Earth, the team hopes to begin the hunt for the next target using telescopes back on Earth.

"The team has made a ton of progress on interpreting Arrokoth and what it means for solar system formation," Singer said. "It is still amazing to me that humanity now has pictures of one of the most primordial objects in our solar system."

And New Horizons's work may not be finished. 

Alan Stern, the principal investigator of New Horizons, has said the mission team is still looking for other flyby targets that may arise in the Kuiper Belt. 

"So as we look forward to the 2020s, our team is planning the next few years for New Horizons," he said in a blog post earlier this month, adding that the search won't start until this summer. "We don't know how many KBOs we will discover or whether any will be within our fuel supply to reach for a final close flyby, but that's what these searches, in 2020 and again in 2021, will reveal."

• Destination Pluto: NASA's New Horizons Mission in Pictures
• New Horizons' Historic Flyby of Ultima Thule: Full Coverage
• New Horizons May Make Yet Another Flyby After Ultima Thule

Follow Nola on Facebook and on Twitter at @NolaTRedd. Follow us on Twitter @Spacedotcom and on Facebook. 

{ https://www.space.com/ }

03-01-2020 om 01:32 geschreven door peter  

There's a Giant Mystery Hiding Inside Every Atom in the Universe

What exactly happens inside atoms?

(Image: © Shutterstock)

The trio in the room are three quarks inside a neutron or proton.

"A light breeze is blowing outside," he said.

That light breeze is the force holding the proton or neutron to nearby nucleons that are "outside" the window. Even if a little snuck through the closed window, Hen said, it would barely affect you.

And as long as nucleons stay in their orbitals, that's the case. However, he said, recent experiments have shown that at any given time, about 20% of the nucleons in a nucleus are in fact outside their orbitals. Instead, they're paired off with other nucleons, interacting in "short range correlations." Under those circumstances, the interactions between the nucleons are much higher-energy than usual, he said. That's because the quarks poke through the walls of their individual nucleons and start to directly interact, and those quark-quark interactions are much more powerful than nucleon-nucleon interactions. 

These interactions break down the walls separating quarks inside individual protons or neutrons, Hen said. The quarks making up one proton and the quarks making up another proton start to occupy the same space. This causes the protons (or neutrons, as the case may be) to stretch and blur, Hen said. They grow a lot, albeit for very short periods of time. That skews the average size of the entire cohort in the nucleus — producing the EMC effect.

• Related: Strange Quarks and Muons, Oh My! Nature’s Tiniest Particles Dissected

Most physicists now accept this interpretation of the EMC effect, Hen said. And Miller, who worked with Hen on some of the key research, agreed.

But not everyone thinks Hen's group has the problem worked out. Ian Cloët, a nuclear physicist at Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois, said he thinks Hen's work draws conclusions that the data doesn't fully support.

"I think the EMC effect is still unresolved," Cloët told Live Science. That's because the basic model of nuclear physics already accounts for a lot of the short-range pairing Hen describes. Yet, "if you use that model to try and look at the EMC effect, you will not describe the EMC effect. There is no successful explanation of the EMC effect using that framework. So in my opinion, there's still a mystery."

Hen and his collaborators are doing experimental work that is "valiant" and "very good science," he said. But it doesn't fully resolve the problem of the atomic nucleus.

"What is clear is that the traditional model of nuclear physics … cannot explain this EMC effect," he said. "We now think that the explanation must be coming from QCD itself."

QCD stands for quantum chromodynamics — the system of rules that govern the behavior of quarks. Shifting from nuclear physics to QCD is a bit like looking at the same picture twice: once on a first-generation flip phone — that's nuclear physics — and then again on a high-resolution TV — that's quantum chromodynamics. The high-res TV offers a lot more detail, but it's a lot more complicated to build.

The problem is that the complete QCD equations describing all the quarks in a nucleus are too difficult to solve, Cloët and Hen both said. Modern supercomputers are about 100 years away from being fast enough for the task, Cloët estimated. And even if supercomputers were fast enough today, the equations haven't advanced to the point where you could plug them into a computer, he said.

Still, he said, it's possible to work with QCD to answer some questions. And right now, he said, those answers offer a different explanation for the EMC effect: Nuclear Mean-Field Theory.

He disagrees that 20% of nucleons in a nucleus are bound up in short-range correlations. The experiments just don't prove that, he said. And there are theoretical problems with the idea.

That suggests we need a different model, he said.

"The picture that I have is, we know that inside a nucleus are these very strong nuclear forces," Cloët said. These are "a bit like electromagnetic fields, except they're strong force fields."

The fields operate at such tiny distances that they're of negligible magnitude outside the nucleus, but they're powerful inside of it.

In Cloët's model, these force fields, which he calls "mean fields" (for the combined strength they carry) actually deform the internal structure of protons, neutrons and pions (a type of strong force-carrying particle). 

"Just like if you take an atom and you put it inside a strong magnetic field, you will change the internal structure of that atom," Cloët said.

In other words, mean-field theorists think the sealed-up room Hen described has holes in its walls, and wind is blowing through to knock the quarks around, stretching them out.

Cloët acknowledged that it's possible short-range correlations likely explain some portion of the EMC effect, and Hen said mean fields likely do play a role as well.

"The question is, which dominates," Cloët said.

Miller, who has also worked extensively with Cloët, said that the mean field has the advantage of being more well-grounded in theory. But Cloët hasn't yet done all the necessary calculations, he said.

And right now the weight of experimental evidence suggests that Hen has the better of the argument.

Hen and Cloët both said the results of experiments in the next few years could resolve the question. Hen cited an experiment underway at Jefferson National Accelerator Facility in Virginia that will move nucleons closer together, bit by bit, and allow researchers to watch them change. Cloët said he wants to see a "polarized EMC experiment" that would break up the effect based on the spin (a quantum trait) of the protons involved. It might reveal unseen details of the effect that could aid calculations, he said.

All three researchers emphasized that the debate is friendly.

"It's great, because it means we're still making progress," Miller said. "Eventually, something's going to be in the textbook and the ball game is over. ... The fact that there's two competing ideas means that it's exciting and vibrant. And now finally we have the experimental tools to resolve these issues."

• The 9 Biggest Unsolved Mysteries in Physics
• The Large Numbers That Define the Universe
• Twisted Physics: 7 Mind-Blowing Findings

Originally published on Live Science.

{ https://www.space.com/ }

03-01-2020 om 00:43 geschreven door peter  

There's Water on Alien Planets, Just Not As Much as Scientists Thought: Study

By Charles Q. Choi 

There's less water out there than we thought. But, why?

A most extensive survey yet of the atmospheric makeup of exoplanets challenges planet formation theories and the search for water on other worlds.

(Image: © Amanda Smith)

Water appears both common and unexpectedly scarce in exoplanets — many distant worlds have it, but less of it than predicted, a new study finds.

These findings may shed light on how planets form, including those in our own solar system, researchers said.

Scientists examined data from the atmospheres on 19 exoplanets collected by space-based and ground-based telescopes. These worlds ranged widely in temperature, from nearly 70 degrees F (20 degrees C) to more than 3,630 degrees F (2,000 degrees C), and in size, "from mini-Neptunes roughly 10 times Earth's mass to super-Jupiters more than 600 times Earth's mass," study co-author Nikku Madhusudhan, an astrophysicist at the University of Cambridge in England, told Space.com.

• Related: The Strangest Alien Planets of All Time
• More: Planet Classification: How to Group Exoplanets

The scientists found that water vapor was common in the alien worlds they examined, detected in 14 of the 19 worlds. 

"The fact that we are making detailed measurements of water vapor in exoplanets is remarkable, because we have not yet made any significant detection of water for the giant planets in our own solar system," Madhusudhan said. "We can measure water better with exoplanets than in our own solar system."

Besides water, the chemicals most often detected in giant exoplanet atmospheres were sodium and potassium. The amounts of sodium and potassium seen in the exoplanets were consistent with expectations given what scientists know about the planets in our solar system. However, water vapor levels were significantly lower than predicted. 

"That was a big surprise," Madhusudhan said.

The predictions the researchers had for how much water these exoplanets should have possessed is based off how much water may lurk in the gas giants in our own solar system, which remains uncertain. Multiple efforts to detect water in Jupiter's atmosphere, including NASA's current Juno mission, have faced numerous challenges. 

"Since Jupiter is so cold, any water vapor condenses out of its atmosphere, and we can't see it," study lead author Luis Welbanks, an astrophysicist at the University of Cambridge in England, told Space.com.

The expectations about how much water solar system gas giants should have are based on how the amount of carbon relative to hydrogen in the atmospheres of giant planets is significantly higher than that of the sun. Previous research suggested this "super-solar" abundance originated when the solar system was forming and large amounts of carbon-loaded ices and dust fell or accreted onto giant planets. 

Prior work also suggested that abundances of certain elements besides carbon should be similarly high in the atmospheres of giant planets, especially oxygen, which is the most abundant element in the cosmos after hydrogen and helium. As such, this suggested that water, the most common oxygen-bearing molecule in the universe, should also be overabundant in the atmospheres of giant planets, having accreted in the form of ice as those worlds formed.

Related: A Visit to Watery Super-Earth K2-18 b Would Be Super-Strange

These findings suggest that when giant planets form, less ice may fall into them than previously thought. For example, if giant planets form by accreting material from the protoplanetary disks surrounding newborn stars, these worlds may accrete very different levels of chemicals such as water depending on where they form and how they move within protoplanetary disks.

"There may be ways of making a giant planet that is underabundant in oxygen and therefore water," Madhusudhan said. "By looking at exoplanets, we are reconsidering how planets may have also formed in our own solar system."

There is life virtually wherever there is water on Earth, so discovering that there is less water in other planetary systems than expected might suggest the chances of life as we know it elsewhere in the universe are lower as well. Still, "if you look at Earth, it doesn't have that much water by mass — in fact, Earth is slightly underabundant in water," Madhusudhan said. "So our findings regarding a lower inventory of water in exoplanets is not necessarily bad news for their potential for habitability."

The researchers aim to look at more exoplanets to see if they follow the pattern they detected or look for outliers that might buck this trend. "Ultimately, we are bound to find outliers," Madhusudhan said. "Nature is extremely diverse when it comes to the properties of planetary systems."

The scientists detailed their findings online Dec. 11 in the journal The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 

• 10 Exoplanets That Could Host Alien Life
• Exoplanet Tour: Meet the 7 Earth-Size Planets of TRAPPIST-1
• 13 Ways to Hunt Intelligent Aliens

Follow Charles Q. Choi on Twitter @cqchoi. Follow us on Twitter @Spacedotcom and on Facebook.

{ https://www.space.com/ }

03-01-2020 om 00:31 geschreven door peter  

These 5 UFO Traits, Seen by Navy Fighters, Defy Explanation

03-01-2020 om 00:17 geschreven door peter  

Former Polish president warns of ET invasion

His unexpected remarks were made during a talk at a civic club in Krosno where he went inexplicably off-topic and started to discuss his belief that intelligent extraterrestrials are not only watching us, but could soon intervene in a catastrophic way due to the actions of other world leaders.

"There are three levels of intellectual development in other galaxies," he said. "We are the lowest. And the higher civilization comes as a UFO and others [sic], and looks at what they are doing here."

"If we threaten to destabilize here with Macron, Putin there, they will interrupt us, cut us in half, the Earth will collapse, everyone will [be] crush[ed]. They can hold us that way for five thousand years."

"They will send Adam and Eve and we will build the world again."

Walesa also seems to be under the impression that extraterrestrials have interfered with human civilization before, as evidenced by his belief that they had a hand in building the pyramids.

"People find things, dig in stones, these pyramids... no answer, where did it come from?" he said.

Exactly what the former Polish leader is basing any of this on however remains unclear, especially given that he has never publically expressed any interest in the subject before.

While it's easy to dismiss his comments as nonsense, some have suggested that he may have learned something during his time as president and has been keeping it a secret until now.

Then again, these could simply be his own personal views and theories.

We may never know for sure.

• Fakt.pl 

{ https://www.unexplained-mysteries.com/ }

02-01-2020 om 23:56 geschreven door peter  

Deze mysterieuze tekening in Australië plaatst de wetenschap voor een groot raadsel

Een groot raadsel in Australië is nog altijd onopgelost. In 1998 werd in het zuiden van het land een mysterieuze tekening van een Aboriginal-jager gevonden in het zand.

Het is nog altijd onduidelijk wie de ruim 3,5 kilometer grote geoglief heeft gemaakt.

De zogeheten Marree Man is zo groot dat hij alleen goed zichtbaar is vanuit de lucht.

Restaureren

De Marree Man is vernoemd naar een nabijgelegen plaats. De lijnen zijn in de loop der jaren vervaagd, en in 2013 waren ze nauwelijks nog zichtbaar.

In augustus 2016 besloten lokale bewoners de geoglief te restaureren. In vijf dagen tijd werd de Marree Man opnieuw ‘getekend’.

Het restauratieteam denkt dat de nieuwe versie langer zichtbaar blijft dan het origineel.

Raadsel

De Operational Land Imager-satelliet van de NASA maakte onderstaande foto van de tekening in juni vorig jaar.

Het raadsel rond de tekening is nog altijd onopgelost.

Er zouden aanwijzingen zijn dat de Marree Man is gemaakt door een kunstenaar uit Alice Springs, terwijl anderen suggereren dat de maker een Amerikaan was.

NASA Earth

✔@NASAEarth

Marree Man

https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/146061/marree-man … #NASA

Marree Man

It is unclear who created the giant geoglyph or why, but the large earthen figure has drawn attention to a remote part of South Australia for two decades.

earthobservatory.nasa.gov

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15:59 - 29 dec. 2019

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02-01-2020 om 23:07 geschreven door peter  

Finally! After a week of stories about mysterious giant drones flying in formation over parts of northeastern Colorado and across the border into Nebraska, with numerous eyewitness accounts from law enforcement agencies, the Federal Aviation Administration has made two announcements. First, the agency issued a proposed rule change requiring most drones to be easily identifiable remotely. Second, the FAA announced it is working with law enforcement in the five counties reporting the giant drones in a concerted effort to identify the owner and their purpose. Great news or too little too late?

“It was too low to the ground to be a plane, and it seemed way too close to the house to be out in space, like a satellite. It was definitely within driving range, for sure. You could see that it was rotating. You could see things sticking off to the sides. It was crazy.”

The Denver Post interviewed Jennifer Rollins who captured what appears to be one of the first known videos of the nighttime drones (watch it here) while visiting her parents in Colorado’s Yuma County – ground zero for these drone sightings. Her sighting came a day after the Denver Post revealed it had received an email from FAA spokesman Ian Gregor to Reuters announcing the proposed rule change for identifying drones.

The rule will be open for public comment for 60 days and the debate is expected to be heated, with there currently being nearly 1.5 million drones and 160,000 remote pilots currently registered with the FAA and more coming as excited new owners play with their Christmas presents … and as more potential terrorists seethe over national and world developments.

While officials continue to say publicly that the Colorado giant drones don’t appear to be “malicious,” U.S. Sen. Cory Gardner, who lives in Yuma and is a member of the Senate Commerce Subcommittee on Aviation and Space, says he’s closely monitoring the situation and is “encouraged that they’ve opened a full investigation to learn the source and purpose of the drones. ‘They’ is the FAA, which will meet with Yuma County Sheriff Todd Combs and other sheriff’s offices and police departments on January 6th. Combs says:

“Hopefully this meeting will provide some answers, or at least aid in the development of a plan to identify who is in control of the drones.”

Meanwhile, local residents like Dawn George of Wray in Yuma County continue to be concerned about the regular nightly appearances of the mysterious giant drones, as are her dogs.

“They’ll run out. They can hear them. If you’re familiar with what a drone sounds like, they sound identical to a smaller drone, just louder. It’s just really weird that everybody is seeing them and no one has an answer … or someone has an answer and we’re not being told what is going on.”

Good observation, Dawn. Why has it taken so long for the FAA to get involved? Why is the identification ruling just ‘proposed’ and ‘open for comment’ and not more of a temporary restraining order until this mystery is resolved? Why is the first meeting a week away while the drones continue to fly in formation in two states? Why do officials continue to say the drones are not “malicious” but don’t say why?

“It’s just really weird.”

Let’s hope that’s all it is, Dawn. Meanwhile, we’ll keep an eye on the story and on the skies over Colorado and Nebraska.

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

02-01-2020 om 22:21 geschreven door peter  

The Amazon everyone knows today is in Seattle, Washington. The REAL Amazon flows through South America. The Amazons — the mythological tribe of warrior women believed by ancient Greeks to be the daughters of Ares (the Greek god of war, appropriately) and Harmonia (a nymph of the Akmonian Wood in Anatolia) lived in Anatolia, better known as Asia Minor, the large peninsula that is the westernmost protrusion of the Asian continent making up most of modern-day Turkey. The REAL Amazons lived in Russia. Wait … what? Wonder Woman is Russian? This changes EVERYTHING!

Russian? You’ve got some explaining to do!

“Such head dresses have been found a bit more than two dozen and they all were in ‘tzar’ or not very rich barrows of the steppe zone of Scythia. We first found such head dress in the barrows of the forest steppe zone and what is more interesting the head dress was first found in the burial of an Amazon.”

In a recent press release, Valerii Guliaev, the head of the Don River archeological expedition, described what he announced in greater detail at the December 2019 meeting of the Academic Council of IA RAS. The Don River runs from Novomoskovsk south for 1,870 km (1162 miles – making it Russia’s fifth-longest river) to the Sea of Azov, a northern extension of the Black Sea. His team has been digging in Cemetery Devitsa V (Devista is a village on the Don) since 2010 and has found 19 mounds covered burial sites. One in particular, called Barrow 9, recently revealed an ancient tomb from when the ancient Greeks referred to the area as Sythia, home of a nomadic culture of Scythians from the 11th century BCE until the second century CE.

In Barrow 9, Guliaev’s team found the graves of four women of various ages — 20-29, 25-35, 12-13 and 45-50 years old. All were buried at the same time and the grave robbers had broken into the part holding two of the younger women, but the others were untouched. In them, they found “more than 30 iron arrow heads, an iron hook in the shape of a bird, fragments of horse harness, iron hooks for hanging harness, iron knives, fragments of molded vessels, multiple animals’ bones.” One was buried in a “position of a horseman” with the tendons of her legs cut to allow them to be bent. The ceremonial headdress was buried with the oldest woman along with an iron knife wrapped into a piece of fabric and a rare iron arrow head with forked end. These and other artifacts identified the women as Amazon warriors and this as a very unique find, according to Guliaev.

“The Amazons are common Scythian phenomenon and only on Middle Don during the last decade our expedition has discovered approximately 11 burials of young armed women. Separate barrows were filled for them and all burial rites which were usually made for men were done for them. However, we come across burials with four Amazons of such different age for the first time.”

Not only that, two of the women – the oldest and the youngest – appear to have died at the same time. There are no indications of injuries or fatal contagious diseases, so their simultaneous deaths are a mystery still waiting to be solved. As is the mystery of how and why these nomadic Scythian women became the real Amazons of Greek legends – mythical warriors who were tied to what is now Turkey or, in the tale of Wonder Woman, to Paradise Island in the middle of an ocean.

Time for a new movie?

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

02-01-2020 om 22:09 geschreven door peter  

02-01-2020 om 22:00 geschreven door peter  

While the mainstream media has noticed the mysterious giant drones flying in formation in fleets of up to 30 continue to fly over parts of Colorado and Nevada, Arizona ended 2019 with a couple of UFO incidents which can’t be easily dismissed as drones – including one that seems to have returned to the same spot over Mesa to be witnessed and recorded by the same shocked couple on New Year’s Eve. Do aliens celebrate the annual circumnavigation of the Sun too?

“We are the couple who filmed the UFO over Mesa, Arizona, on Dec 8th 2019. We couldn’t believe it! It was the same exact craft, or object we saw from Dec 8th 2019! It behaved and maneuvered dropping the orbs or objects just like the last time we saw it. But this time it did something new we didn’t see the last time.”

As many UFO witnesses will attest, once you see one you can’t stop looking for them. Most never see another — Mesa residents Kerri Burnett and Doug Maier were lucky (or perhaps chosen?) to see the same UFO they witnessed on December 8, 2019. Doug posted his first video on Facebook and the sighting was reported on by many media outlets, with one ABC reporter following up unsuccessfully with the FAA. nearby Luke Air Force Base and the Army National Guard. On New Year’s Eve, just before midnight as fireworks began to blast, Maier and Burnett saw it again and recorded another video (watch it here) along with a shocking new twist.

“This time it did something new, and it was pretty scary as I almost shit a brick. It let off a super bright glow also possibly a second object or craft. It lit up and glowed aggressively, it was no firework. The clock had just hit midnight taking us into 2020, so there were fireworks. Watch for yourself.”

How many more before the authorities admit something is happening?

Maier told me it was the same craft in the same area as the last one. He compiled both his and Burnett’s videos (proving it wasn’t a camera anomaly) into one and added a daytime view of the same area to show it was not a light from a tower. He concluded it with this reaction:

“When that thing took off or disappeared, it got really bright and BAM! Gone. This was a little frightening compared to the last time. Happy 2020!! Watch those skies.”

Good advice from a couple who can’t explain the bright orb they’ve now seen twice in the same location – and no one else seems to be able to (or willing to) explain it either. Are they too busy in Colorado chasing easier-to-explain drones? Or perhaps they’re in Phoenix watching a video of a cigar-shaped UFO over Sky Harbor International Airport on December 28th (does that date sound familiar?).

The Phoenix cigar UFO was reported to MUFON with a video that was uploaded to YouTube by Disclose Screen ‘The Grimreefar’, a popular channel for UFO videos.

While the cigar UFO seems motionless for many minutes, there’s something familiar about that location and date that many commenters picked up on, like this one:

John Moore
It’s the Goodyear Blimp, in town for the Fiesta Bowl. You can see it on the radar archives.

The Playstation Fiesta Bowl was played on December 28th (full disclosure – this writer is a fan of Ohio State and watch the game) and the Goodyear blimp was indeed hovering over it just 20 miles from the airport.

A different blimp photo — can you see it?

OK, that one was easy. Doug Maier and Kerri Burnett’s Mesa glowing orb isn’t. Will the FAA and military officials ignore this one too? Will any other witnesses come forward with more videos? Remember what Doug said:

“Watch those skies.”

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

02-01-2020 om 20:59 geschreven door peter  

The 30-Second Trick for Ufo Sightings

The Hidden Truth About Ufo Sightings

Since the moon doesn’t have an atmosphere, they ask the way the flag fluttered. Earth is nowhere to be viewed. Our planet looks like it was intended for life. It was believed that this sort of planet was obligated to explain the orbital qualities of the outer planets Uranus and Neptune.

You are going to have to listen to the podcast to find out what the guys have to say. The majority of the videos are debunked by experts. It is not shaky like most. Some video footage implies that the objects move quickly. What earns the video footage even more credible is that there’s footage taken by different folks in various areas of town. The video footage is extremely very clear. It’s astonishing how many UFO movies online appear to really demonstrate these lanterns.

Lake monsters aren’t the only inexplicable phenomena that happen at the lake. In terms of Bigfoot sightings, ape-like creatures are seen all over the united states and Canada. Individuals openly declare to get kidnapped with these aliens on a single occasion or the other after they’ve seen a UFO. Since many individuals now think that the aliens are not anything more than the demons of old, we’ve come full circle.

UFOs aren’t so hampered. Throughout that time period, there were two triangle UFOs sighted in the identical place. You’re able to confirm this sighting at their site. Sightings of UFOs have existed for ages. By way of example, over Midlothian, several sightings are made from January to March. The most frequently known UFO sighting in the USA is called the Roswell UFO sighting of 1947.

Inside my memory, but the vessel exists clearly and sharply. Past the aerodrome there’s the sea. Although the lake is record-breaking and lovely, it’s far more than just the Pearl of Russia. Moreover, it’s the world’s biggest freshwater lake, and it’s also the deepest lake on Earth.

The Fundamentals of Ufo Sightings Revealed

Folks find a means to communicate with each other in different and more direct ways. Something needs to be accomplished. There’s very little doubt that the web has played a part in the development of UFO reports in the last several years, though most can be explained by natural or human-caused phenomena. Somewhere beyond all of the tumult lies the reality. It is, most people are not there yet. For that reason, it IS reality. Due to the remoteness of the area, their existence was considered to be a myth for many decades.

The evidence might have been much more compelling, in the event the very first recorded incident was not revealed as a hoax. Before you make a decision as to what you believe, we implore you to comprehend the evidence. For starters, so many individuals say reflexively that there’s no evidence of an ET presence engaging our planet, when they don’t really know the evidence. There are also a number of witnesses. Then explain someone who died in the incident has a fortune in a financial institution and should you help them get the amount from the bank you will secure a lot of money.

Source: 

• http://footageofufos.com/2020/01/the-30-second-trick-for-ufo-sightings/

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

02-01-2020 om 18:17 geschreven door peter  

There are many people in Colorado wondering what is flying over there head and Officials in the area are freaked out because they don’t know who it is and nobody is fessing up. There is a health Drone business in Denver with many companies doing work but I think we might have a solution to the mystery of the Giants Drones. Have you heard of Black Swift Technologies?

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

02-01-2020 om 17:54 geschreven door peter  

UFO Disk Moves Past Shuttle Atlantis In Photos, Video, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: Jan 2020
Location of discovery: Earths orbit
Source: 

• https://eol.jsc.nasa.gov/SearchPhotos/photo.pl?mission=STS61B&roll=33&frame=12

I found what I believe to be a UFO passing below the shuttle Atlantis while in earths orbit. The photo labels the object as a satellite, but I have found other UFOs in this archive including the Black Knight Satellites which went viral in 2011 and are known by every UFO researcher in the world. I am fairly certain that this too is a UFO that has been mistakenly labeled as a satellite. Now we all heard about the Shuttle Atlantis being followed by several UFOs...I mean they had it on World CNN for 48 hours and said the shuttle landing was delayed till the UFOs were gone and it was clear for landing safely. Well, it looks like one of those UFOs got caught close up in these photos. 
Scott C. Waring

{ https://www.etdatabase.com/ }

02-01-2020 om 17:17 geschreven door peter  

NASA shock: Astronaut Michael Collins drops a major alien hint in tweet about 'life forms'

NASA veteran Michael Collins teased the possibility of alien life thriving beyond Earth when he tweeted about encountering alien “life forms” on other planets.

02-01-2020 om 17:06 geschreven door peter  

Veteran Astronaut Drops a Hint on Life Forms Beyond Earth in Twitter

The presence of alien life outside planet Earth made a buzz on Twitter recently as NASA veteran astronaut Michael Collins took to the social networking service to shed light on the subject.

Collins orbited the Moon during Apollo 11 in 1969 alone, but he may haven’t been so lonely after all if his suspicions about extraterrestrial life in deep space come true. Collins spoke about the ET mysteries humans might one day encounter with his more than 62,500 followers on Twitter.

A fan asked the NASA astronaut if he considers searching alien life beyond Earth or seeking a habitable planet to settle as more important.

• Check out the latest 2020 UFO sightings.

In his opinion, Collins said both picks are intertwined with one another. He explained that the two options are all Outward Bound that may reveal life and place. He added that a place to live might be the ultimate and final goal but maybe dependent on the life forms found there.

Collins has been selecting questions to answer that were submitted by his fans on Twitter under the hashtag #Ask MichaelCollins.

Collins is no stranger to talking about the possibility of life developing beyond our solar system. In 1999, the veteran astronaut said that it could be impossible that our Sun is the only one in the entire universe capable of developing intelligent life.

Collins was one of the three astronauts on the Apollo 11 mission in July 1969. On the 20^th in the same month and year, his colleagues Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong attempted the first human-crewed lunar landing. He remained in the lunar orbit as the command module pilot for the mission, where he awaited the safe return of his fellows.

{ http://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

02-01-2020 om 16:37 geschreven door peter  

Helft meer ufomeldingen in ons land dan vorig jaar: hier zag u ze allemaal vliegen -

HLN.be

Koen Van De Sype 

De stijging is hoofdzakelijk terug te voeren tot enkele kleine waarnemingsgolven. “Op 25 mei zorgde een groep van 60 satellieten die door het ruimtebedrijf SpaceX (van Elon Musk, red.) in een baan rond de aarde werd gebracht voor 33 meldingen”, klinkt het bij het UFO-Meldpunt. “En ook een tweede lancering in november van 2019 veroorzaakte verwarring.”

Sliert van sterren

De ‘slierten van sterren’ zullen ook in de nabije toekomst nog voor extra ufomeldingen zorgen, zo verwacht het meldpunt. “SpaceX is immers van plan om maar liefst 12.000 (!!) van deze Starlink satellieten rond de aarde te laten vliegen”, klinkt het in het jaarverslag.

Een andere waarnemingspiek was er op 14 september, toen een Ierse weerballon boven Gent explodeerde. “Dat incident was goed voor 37 meldingen in één avond tijd”, aldus het meldpunt. “Dat is een absoluut record voor één dag.” (lees hieronder verder)

Verder bleken veel meldingen vorig jaar uiteindelijk ballonnen (57 meldingen), satellieten, het internationaal ruimtestation ISS (46) of meteoren (29) te zijn. Voor 55 meldingen was er voldoende informatie om tot een conclusie te komen en één melding is nog in onderzoek. Twee meldingen werden niet verklaard: het ging om “een fel oranje draaiend licht dat geprojecteerd leek op de rijbaan” en “een donkere driehoek die over windmolens vloog”. 

Chirurg

Een van de interessantste, met fotomateriaal gedocumenteerde waarnemingen die het meldpunt afgelopen jaar ontving, dateert van 10 januari 2019 in Deinze. Als een chirurg rond 7.15 uur samen met zijn vrouw en vier kinderen zijn woning verlaat, ziet het gezin hoog in de lucht een onbeweeglijke lichtgele rechthoek met in het midden een donker kruis en op het snijpunt van de armen een gele bol. De rechthoek is “ongeveer 25% van de volle maan” groot. Na 10 minuten wordt de waarneming gestaakt omdat de kinderen naar school moeten.

Onderzoek van het UFO-meldpunt kon de waarneming niet verklaren. Vermoedelijk ging het om de reflectie van spots (van de nabijgelegen school of een bouwwerf in de buurt) in ijskristallen. (lees hieronder verder) 

UFO-meldpunt

Een foto van de waarneming (rechts ingezoomd).

Het was zes jaar geleden dat er nog eens zo veel meldingen binnenliepen bij het UFO-meldpunt. In 2013 klokte de organisatie af op 267 waarnemingen en ook de twee jaren daarvoor waren er erg bewogen.

Het Franstalige COBEPS (Comité Belge pour l’Etude des Phénomènes Spatiaux) ontving in 2019 ‘maar’ 85 ufomeldingen. 

{  https://www.hln.be/ }

02-01-2020 om 14:33 geschreven door peter  

Unsolved Archaeological Mysteries That Will Creep You Out!

Strange archaeological discoveries that are still unsolved mysteries to this day. Unexplained artifacts, creepy mummies, ancient mysteries, strange and incredible fossils with unbelievable stories. History can be downright weird and scary!

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

02-01-2020 om 01:19 geschreven door peter