Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 12 YEARS AND 11 MONTHS.
ON 06/05/2024 MORE THAN 1.972.210
VISITORS FROM 134 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
12-04-2020
Surprise! The universe's expansion rate may vary from place to place
Surprise! The universe's expansion rate may vary from place to place
The new results challenge a core tenet of modern cosmology.
These four galaxy clusters were among hundreds analyzed in a large survey to test whether the universe is the same in all directions over large scales. The study results suggest the concept of an "isotropic" universe may not entirely fit.
The universe may not be the same in every direction after all.
The expansion rate of the universe appears to vary from place to place, a new study reports. This finding, if confirmed, would force astronomers to reassess just how well they understand the cosmos.
"One of the pillars of cosmology — the study of the history and fate of the entire universe — is that the universe is 'isotropic,' meaning the same in all directions," study lead author Konstantinos Migkas, of the University of Bonn in Germany, said in a statement. "Our work shows there may be cracks in that pillar."
The universe has been expanding continuously for more than 13.8 billion years, ever since the Big Bang — and at an accelerating rate, thanks to a mysterious force called dark energy. Equations based on Einstein's general theory of relativity suggest that this expansion is isotropic on large spatial scales, Migkas wrote Tuesday (April 7) in a blog post about the new study.
Observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the universe-pervading radiation left over from the Big Bang, support this notion, he added: "The CMB seems to be isotropic, and cosmologists extrapolate this property of the very early universe to our current epoch, nearly 14 billion years later."
But it's unclear how valid this extrapolation is, he stressed, noting that dark energy has been the dominant factor in the universe's evolution over the last 4 billion years or so. Dark energy's "baffling nature has not yet allowed astrophysicists to understand it properly," Migkas wrote. "Therefore, assuming it to be isotropic is almost a leap of faith for now. This highlights the urgent need to investigate if today's universe is isotropic or not."
The new study reports the results of one such investigation. Migkas and his colleagues studied 842 galaxy clusters, the largest gravitationally bound structures in the universe, using data gathered by three space telescopes: NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory, Europe's XMM-Newton and the Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics, a joint Japanese-U.S. mission that ended in 2001.
The researchers determined the temperature of each cluster by analyzing the X-ray emissions coming from huge fields of hot gas within them. They used this temperature information to estimate each cluster's inherent X-ray luminosity, without needing to take into account cosmological variables such as the universe's expansion rate.
The researchers then calculated X-ray luminosity for each cluster in a different way, one that did require knowledge of the universe's expansion. Doing so revealed apparent expansion rates across the entire sky — and these rates didn't match up everywhere.
"We managed to pinpoint a region that seems to expand slower than the rest of the universe, and one that seems to expand faster!" Migkas wrote in the blog post. "Interestingly, our results agree with several previous studies that used other methods, with the difference that we identified this 'anisotropy' in the sky with a much higher confidence and using objects covering the whole sky more uniformly."
This graphic shows a map of the universe's expansion rates in different directions, estimated in a new study by Konstantinos Migkas and collaborators. The map is in galactic coordinates, with the center looking toward the center of our galaxy. The black and purple colors show the directions of the lowest expansion rates (the Hubble constant); yellow and red show the directions of the highest expansion rates. (Image credit: University of Bonn/K. Migkas et al.)
It's possible that this result has a relatively prosaic explanation. For example, perhaps galaxy clusters in the anomalous areas are being pulled hard gravitationally by other clusters, giving the illusion of a different expansion rate.
Such effects are seen at smaller spatial scales in the universe, the researchers said. But the new study probes clusters up to 5 billion light-years away, and it's unclear if gravitational tugs could overwhelm expansion forces over such vast distances, they added.
If the observed expansion-rate differences are indeed real, they could reveal intriguing new details about how the universe works. For instance, maybe dark energy itself varies from place to place throughout the cosmos.
"It would be remarkable if dark energy were found to have different strengths in different parts of the universe," study co-author Thomas Reiprich, also of the University of Bonn, said in the same statement. "However, much more evidence would be needed to rule out other explanations and make a convincing case."
The new study appears in the April 2020 issue of the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics. You can read it for free at the online preprint site arXiv.org.
The following is a true and accurate account of my “close encounter” in Seattle, Washington, which occurred in 1993. I believe it was in the month of November.
It was a Sunday night about 9:30. I often had occasion to be driving north about that time of evening on Sundays, and I usually took the I-5 freeway. This time, however, I knew the freeway, northbound, was jammed up due to an accident. So I took an alternate route which eventually led me to what I think was East Marginal Way, right next to the main Boeing Aircraft facility in Seattle.
As I was traveling, northbound, I noticed three red lights low in the sky ahead of me and to my right. They were moving in unison, very slowly across my field of vision from east to west. At first, I thought they must be the lights of a low flying plane, perhaps about to land. Then I thought, no, they must be helicopters because a plane, even if it was landing, wouldn’t be moving that slowly.
The trouble was, I couldn’t actually see the craft or crafts that the lights were attached to. They were, maybe, a half mile ahead of me, about 30 degrees to my right. Normally, I wouldn’t have paid much attention to this because I’d been making that Sunday night drive past Boeing (although via the freeway) for twelve years.
This is also not too far from the Sea-Tac Airport. In all that time I’d seen plenty of airplanes and helicopters flying low in this area. But something was different this time. It took me a minute to realize what it was. It was the fact that the lights weren’t blinking. I thought that was odd.
It seemed to me every airplane or helicopter I’ve ever seen flying at night had blinking lights. I squinted my eyes as I drove toward the lights, trying to see just what I was actually looking at.
Although I was now only about two blocks away from being directly under the flight path of these lights, I still could not make out what they were attached to.
However, from their slow, steady movement, in unison, I was pretty sure all three of them were attached to a single object, rather than being independent of each other. By the time I was directly in line with their flight path, they were about to enter the airspace above Boeing Field to my immediate left.
At this point I was convinced it was a single, low-flying craft of some kind and I knew there was something very odd here. I pulled my car off to the side of the road and rolled down the window to get a better look. But the craft was now directly overhead so I had to get out of the car to see it…
I opened the car door and stepped out, craning my neck to see the craft as it passed slowly directly over my head at an estimated altitude of less than 500 feet (Note: at the actual time of the sighting my impression was that the craft was perhaps only about 150 feet above me).
I could see it was a gigantic black triangle. There is no other way to describe it because that’s precisely what it was; a huge, black, triangle; not just “sort of” triangular-shaped, like one of those stealth jets I’d seen photos of.
It was just one big, three-sided, cookie-cutter-straight-edged, black, geometric shape; a triangle with one large, round unblinking red light at each of its three corners, flat up against the underside of the craft. There was a high, gray cloud cover that evening, subtly lit by the Seattle city lights in the distance. I could clearly and without obstruction see the object like a huge, dense, black silhouette against this gray ceiling.
I stood there almost not believing what I knew I was seeing. I actually said to myself, “Ok. What, exactly, are you seeing? You’re going to want to remember every detail of this! Just the facts, now. What, exactly, do you see?”
I made a mental inventory. “Black triangle. Red light on each corner, flat up against the underside of the craft. They don’t blink…
(Note: at this point it has proceeded on past me and was now over Boeing field)… It looks like it’s about seventy-five to a hundred feet above one of the main Boeing hangars. It’s moving very slowly. Maybe five miles per hour. It’s heading west. It appears to be about the size of a football field.”
Suddenly I realized, as I stood there in the dark on this quiet empty street, the object didn’t make a sound! Maybe more than anything else, that’s what made the whole thing so eerie. Something that huge, that close, moving through the air at a snail’s pace should be making some kind of a sound. A hum. A rumble. Anything. But, no.
It just moved across the sky like something out of a Steven Spielberg movie with the volume turned off. I looked up and down the street to see if anyone else was witnessing this silent event, but the street was dark and empty in both directions.
It occurred to me, however, that the thing had just passed directly over hundreds of cars on the freeway which was only a few miles east of where I was standing. I looked up again at the mysterious craft now blending into the dark horizon. I watched it until I couldn’t see it anymore and then it was over.
I got back into my car and closed the door. The window was still open and I took another look. Nothing was there but the gray night sky, softly aglow from the distant city lights. It was as if nothing had happened. But believe me, it did, indeed, happen.
Lyn Buchanan, one of the STARGATE army remote viewers, claims, as multiple others within the program have, that he was tasked to find out information on extraterrestrial groups that were/are visiting the planet.
Reflect On:
Why is the success and validity of remote viewing and parapsychology often ridiculed? Why are the most successful remote viewers within the program all relaying to humanity that we're not alone?
For anybody who’s looked into the Remote Viewing programs that were (and probably still are) in operation within several governments around the world, it’s very easy to become awe struck with regards to the validity of these programs, despite the fact that they’ve received a lot of criticism from skeptics. One merely has to look at the facts to get a good picture of just how successful, accurate, and useful these programs were, and again, probably still are. Here is a great quote from Dr. Jessica Utts, the Chair of the Department of Statistics at the University of California, Irvine and a professor there since 2008.
“What convinced me was just the evidence, the accumulating evidence as I worked in this field and I got to see more and more of the evidence. I visited the laboratories, even beyond where I was working to see what they were doing and I could see that they had really tight controls…and so I got convinced by the good science that I saw being done. And in fact I will say as a statistician I’ve consulted in a lot of different areas of science; the methodology and the controls on these experiments are tighter than any other area of science where I’ve worked.” (source)
Such an eye opening and revealing quote, and a fact that needs to be emphasized because when it comes to remote viewing, it conflicts with so many people’s belief systems, including many within the fields of academia. Thus, it is often brushed off as ‘pseudoscience’ without any proper investigation or inquiry. This is odd, given the fact that multiple governments have admitted to studying remote viewing, and other phenomena that falls under the umbrella of parapsychology.
What is remote viewing? It’s an ability that allows the ‘viewer’ to be able to describe a remote geographical location up to several hundred thousand kilometres away (even more) from their physical location — one that they have never been to.
Here’s another great quote from the declassified literature in 1995 from the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) archives, from scientist and co-founder of Stanford’s remote viewing program, Harold E. Puthoff:
“To summarize, over the years, the back-and-forth criticism of protocols, refinement of methods, and successful replication of this type of remote viewing in independent laboratories has yielded considerable scientific evidence for the reality of the [remote viewing] phenomenon. Adding to the strength of these results was the discovery that a growing number of individuals could be found to demonstrate high-quality remote viewing, often to their own surprise. . . . The development of this capability at SRI has evolved to the point where visiting CIA personnel with no previous exposure to such concepts have performed well under controlled laboratory conditions.” (source)
Multiple viewers were used with exceptional skills inside of this program, which was known as the STARGATE program. One of them was Lyn Buchanan, a veteran and an Army Remote viewer who worked inside of the program. His status within the program has been verified by the declassified literature that was released on the program in 1995.
Here is an example within the literature. Although there are many, I chose this one because it also mentions the professor I quoted above, Jessica Utts.
The document mentions Utts’ responsibility with regards to conducting a review of the remote viewing research. It also mentions a program that aired featuring many people from within the program, like Lyn Buchanan, but obviously does not mention all of them as there were many.
One common theme among several army remote viewers, like Ingo Swann and Pat Price, names that are also found throughout the de-classified STARGATE literature, is extraterrestrial.
I recently came across an interview with Lyn Buchanan, and according to him:
“After the military I was asked by a branch of the government to do a paper, a study paper to compare and contrast ET psychic ability to human psychic ability. The study that I did was because I was given access to many of the things that never made it into project grudge or the blue book or anything like that because they couldn’t be denied. So anyway, in studying these, I found out that we can take the ET’s of all different kinds and species and all that and put them into four main categories. We’ve got those who are more psychic than us and those that are less psychic than us. In each of those two categories we’ve got friendly to us and unfriendly to us, the unfriendly non-psychic ones tend to not come here. They don’t like us, they don’t want to be around us. The non-psychic friendly ones come here for trade. The psychic friendly ones actually want to help us develop our abilities and become stronger at it. And the unfriendly psychic ones want us wiped off the planet, they want us dead, period, no questions asked.”
He also mentions extraterrestrial bases that are on Earth, and he says there are approximately five. He mentions that they are all inside of mountains and that at some of these bases humans are working with these extraterrestrials in various ways. He is not the only viewer to mention these bases and extraterrestrials, as Ingo Swann told many fascinating stories in his book, Penetration: The Question of Extraterrestrial and Human Telepathy. Furthermore, Joseph Mcmoneagle was another individual who had experience in remote viewing an extraterrestrial presence.
Then, there is Pat Price, who, along with Ingo Swann, is described as one of SRI’s most successful viewers, as his sessions were extremely accurate.
Legendary UFO researcher Timothy Good tells the story quite well in his book, Unearthly Disclosure:
According to Captain Frederick H. Atwater, a retired US Army officer also involved at the time in highly classified ‘remote viewing’ experiments for the CIA and the Defense Intelligence Agency, as well as for the Army’s Intelligence and Security Command, Price had remotely viewed four alien bases on Earth, one of which was located under Mount Ziel, Northern Territory. Mount Ziel lies some 80 miles west-northwest of Pine Gap. Price believed the base contained a mixture of ‘personnel’ from the other bases, one purpose being to ‘transport new recruits, with an overall monitoring function’. The other bases were said to be under Mount Perdido in the Pyrenees, Mount Inyangani in Zimbabwe, and, coincidentally, in Alaska under Mount Hayes. Price described the occupants as ‘looking like homo sapiens, except for the lungs, heart, blood and eyes.’
Lord Admiral Hill-Norton, Former Chief of Defence Staff, 5 Star Admiral of the Royal Navy, and Chairman of the NATO military committee, wrote the forward to the book by Good. Here’s a great quote from him:
“There are objects in our atmosphere which are technically miles in advance of anything we can deploy, that we have no means of stopping them coming here … [and] that there is a serious possibility that we are being visited and have been visited for many years by people from outer space, from other civilizations. That it behooves us, in case some of these people in the future or now should turn hostile, to find out who they are, where they come from, and what they want. This should be the subject of rigorous scientific investigation and not the subject of ‘rubishing’ by tabloid newspapers.” (source)
Bellow is a screenshot of the first page of a document from 1979, which wasn’t approved for release until after the year 2000. The document is written by Atwater, and you can scroll down to the bottom and see that yourself. I thought I should post it here because it mentions Price and it’s very interesting, although you can’t make out all of it because some is blanked out. However, you can see how useful Mr. Price was to the CIA, and how interesting findings were not shared. His story regarding the alien bases is one example of many that corroborates other stories from many viewers like Buchanan and Ingo Swan (both of whom were mentioned above). They’re also mentioned on the second page of the document below.
If you pay a visit to the CIA’s electronic reading room and type in any of the names I’ve mentioned in this article, you will find a plethora of articles.
Being a UFO researcher for a very long time, what’s interesting to me is that the comments remote viewers make about ET presence corroborates with a lot of other information in the field. The success of the remote viewing alone is why it’s even more intriguing.
Discussing Remote Viewing & The Moon
Joe and I recently sat down and went a lot deeper into remote viewing and how it relates to the extraterrestrial phenomenon. Below is a clip from our hour discussion on the topic during our 3 hour broadcast of The Collective Evolution Show. Check out the clip below, and if you want to watch the entire broadcast you can sign up for CETV.
The Takeaway
Human ability and capability expands far beyond what is presently known. There are concepts regarding our reality and facts about the human experience that are still being revealed. We are literally living in apocalyptic times. ‘Apocalypse’ (ἀποκάλυψις) is a Greek word meaning ‘revelation,'”an unveiling or unfolding of things not previously known and which could not be known apart from the unveiling.’ (source)In today’s day and age, no matter how much evidence and empirical data supports a phenomenon, and no matter how obvious it may seem, if it conflicts with long held collective belief systems, it will always be rejected simply based on the implications it could have. This process of revelation is happening now, and although it’s slow and gradual, it has been accelerating.
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US Army Remote Viewers Say Ancient Bases Under Earth Are 'Relaying' Something into Space
US Army Remote Viewers Say Ancient Bases Under Earth Are 'Relaying' Something into Space
This has some untapped potential to move the public conversation forward on the UFO (and ancient ET) topic imo. It was declassified but has long been held offline, beyond the reach of the internet. Enjoy
Not widely known about, Project 8200 was an effort within the US Army’s remote viewing unit to verify claims of subterranean extraterrestrial bases made by CIA analyst Pat Price in the 1970s. *We obtained every ’82 to ’86-era declassified file of Project 8200, most of which were never officially reported to their higher-ups in the intelligence community. This is what the episode covers.* In 2009, ex-Stargate head Skip Atwater declassified all of this information at an International Remote Viewing Association (IRVA) conference, though only hard copies of his presentation are available offline.
What they show are the apparent confirmation by several other gifted remote viewers that a “network” of underground bases exists across the world for the purpose of “relaying” something into space. As elite viewer Joseph McMoneagle and Atwater discuss in these tapes, Project 8200 data suggests the locations relay information to a “deep space” platform of unknown origin, sitting on a sort of tether to Earth. It is not suggested in the file, but after review, we think it’s reasonable to ask if a Lagrange point (positions in space the Sun and the Earth’s gravity create islands of stability) explains why the object McMoneagle sees remains “fixed” there. The deep space platform is described as ancient but with new technology. Other viewers describe the bases as a strange mix of natural and artificial formations.
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Classic Disk UFO Seen Below Space Station On Live NASA Cam, April 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Classic Disk UFO Seen Below Space Station On Live NASA Cam, April 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: April 2020 Location of sighting: International Space Station At the 5 min mark in this video, Secureteam10 talks about a UFO seen at the space station on live cam. This UFO looks like a classic disk design. The metallic glint is unmistakable. It looks to be in lower orbit as the space station passes it in upper orbit. Awesome catch, very rare, but absolutely real. This is what NASA doe not want the public to see, but this UFO was so faint and so small, that I'm sure they missed it, especially since most NASA is at home on lock down, probably fooling around instead of doing real work. The first UFO sighting seen in this video has too high of detail and to little info about it for me to think its real. I don't believe the first video is real, however this second one on live cam...is real. Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
UFO Watches Over Paris, France On April 10, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Watches Over Paris, France On April 10, 2020, Video, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: April 10, 2020 Location of sighting: Paris, France This UFO was reported by Youtube user HiddenUnderBelly. The UFO was reported of Paris this week and it seems to be holding its location and watching the citizens around it. At a moment in time when Paris is on lockdown from coronavirus, aliens seem to be taking interest in human behaviors. Perhaps aliens are trying to figure out if humans heed the rules of masks, social distancing and lock downs or not? This info would give them a predictive model of what will happen in the near future. Aliens pride themselves on their knowledge, so its understandable that UFO sightings are becoming more frequent at the moment. Scott C. Waring
US Army: Ancient Extraterrestrial Bases Under Earth Are 'Relaying' Something Into Space
US Army: Ancient Extraterrestrial Bases Under Earth Are 'Relaying' Something Into Space
Not widely known about, Project 8200 was an effort within the US Army's remote viewing unit to verify claims of subterranean extraterrestrial bases made by CIA analyst Pat Price in the 1970s.
We obtained every '82 to '86-era declassified file of Project 8200, most of which were never officially reported to their higher-ups in the intelligence community.
In 2009, ex-Stargate head Skip Atwater declassified all of this information at an International Remote Viewing Association (IRVA) conference, though only hard copies of his presentation are available offline: https://www.irva.org/conferences/speakers/atwater.html
What they show are the apparent confirmation by several other gifted remote viewers that a "network" of underground bases exists across the world for the purpose of "relaying" something into space.
As elite viewer Joseph McMoneagle and Atwater discuss in these tapes, Project 8200 data suggests the locations relay information to a "deep space" platform of unknown origin, sitting on a sort of tether to Earth.
It is not suggested in the file, but after review, we think it's reasonable to ask if a Lagrange point (positions in space the Sun and the Earth's gravity create islands of stability) explains why the object McMoneagle sees remains "fixed" there.
The deep space platform is described as ancient but with new technology. Other viewers describe the bases as a strange mix of natural and artificial formations.
Purple Celestial Body Spotted Next To The Sun And The Moon
Purple Celestial Body Spotted Next To The Sun And The Moon
The celestial body was caught live going by the sun as we will see in this video, then it got smaller and going by the moon as it was leaving the Solar System.
Even though the object looks like a UFO disguised as a rock, Bruce is convinced that this purple object is an asteroid or a small unknown celestial body and that's what we are going to look at.
Lights in the sky above Kalamazoo, Michigan 7-Apr-2020
Lights in the sky above Kalamazoo, Michigan 7-Apr-2020
This UFO sighting video of an unknown lights flying across the night sky above Kalamazoo, Mi was filmed on Tuesday, 7th April 2020. It was submitted to us through our Facebook page.
The author said: “This isn’t the first I’ve seen but it is the first I caught…“
(April 9th, 2020: Please see the end of this release for an added note discussing the possibility of systematic errors.)
One of the fundamental ideas of cosmology is that everything looks the same in all directions if you look over large enough distances. A new study using data from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and ESA's XMM-Newton is challenging that basic notion.
Astronomers using X-ray data from these orbiting observatories studied hundreds of galaxy clusters, the largest structures in the universe held together by gravity, and how their apparent properties differ across the sky.
"One of the pillars of cosmology — the study of the history and fate of the entire universe — is that the universe is 'isotropic,' meaning the same in all directions," said Konstantinos Migkas of the University of Bonn in Germany, who led the new study. "Our work shows there may be cracks in that pillar."
Astronomers generally agree that after the Big Bang, the cosmos has continuously expanded. A commonly analogy is that this expansion is like a baking loaf of raisin bread. As the bread bakes, the raisins (which represent cosmic objects like galaxies and galaxy clusters) all move away from one another as the entire loaf (representing space) expands. With an even mix the expansion should be uniform in all directions, as it should be with an isotropic universe. But these new results may not fit that picture.
"Based on our cluster observations we may have found differences in how fast the universe is expanding depending on which way we looked," said co-author Gerrit Schellenberger of the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian (CfA) in Cambridge, Massachusetts. "This would contradict one of the most basic underlying assumptions we use in cosmology today."
Scientists have previously conducted many tests of whether the universe is the same in all directions. These included using optical observations of exploded stars and infrared studies of galaxies. Some of these previous efforts have produced possible evidence that the universe is not isotropic, and some have not.
This latest test uses a powerful, novel and independent technique. It capitalizes on the relationship between the temperature of the hot gas pervading a galaxy cluster and the amount of X-rays it produces, known as the cluster's X-ray luminosity. The higher the temperature of the gas in a cluster, the higher the X-ray luminosity is. Once the temperature of the cluster gas is measured, the X-ray luminosity can be estimated. This method is independent of cosmological quantities, including the expansion speed of the universe.
Once they estimated the X-ray luminosities of their clusters using this technique, scientists then calculated luminosities using a different method that does depend on cosmological quantities, including the universe's expansion speed. The results gave the researchers apparent expansion speeds across the whole sky — revealing that the universe appears to be moving away from us faster in some directions than others.
The team also compared this work with studies from other groups that have found indications of a lack of isotropy using different techniques. They found good agreement on the direction of the lowest expansion rate.
The authors of this new study came up with two possible explanations for their results that involve cosmology. One of these explanations is that large groups of galaxy clusters might be moving together, but not because of cosmic expansion. For example, it is possible some nearby clusters are being pulled in the same direction by the gravity of groups of other galaxy clusters. If the motion is rapid enough it could lead to errors in estimating the luminosities of the clusters.
These sorts of correlated motions would give the appearance of different expansion rates in different directions. Astronomers have seen similar effects with relatively nearby galaxies, at distances typically less than 850 million light years, where mutual gravitational attraction is known to control the motion of objects. However, scientists expected the expansion of the universe to dominate the motion of clusters across larger distances, up to the 5 billion light years probed in this new study.
A second possible explanation is that the universe is not actually the same in all directions. One intriguing reason could be that dark energy — the mysterious force that seems to be driving acceleration of the expansion of the universe — is itself not uniform. In other words, the X-rays may reveal that dark energy is stronger in some parts of the universe than others, causing different expansion rates.
"This would be like if the yeast in the bread isn't evenly mixed, causing it to expand faster in some places than in others," said co-author Thomas Reiprich, also of the University of Bonn. "It would be remarkable if dark energy were found to have different strengths in different parts of the universe. However, much more evidence would be needed to rule out other explanations and make a convincing case."
Either of these two cosmological explanations would have significant consequences. Many studies in cosmology, including X-ray studies of galaxy clusters, assume that the universe is isotropic and that correlated motions are negligible compared to the cosmic expansion at the distances probed here.
The team used a sample of 313 galaxy clusters for their analysis, containing 237 clusters observed by Chandra with a total of 191 days of exposure, and 76 observed by XMM-Newton, with a total of 35 days of exposure. They also combined their sample of galaxy clusters with two other large X-ray samples, using data from XMM-Newton and the Japan-US Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics (ASCA), giving a total of 842 different galaxy clusters. They found a similar result using the same technique.
A paper describing these results will appear in the April 2020 issue of the journal Astronomy and Astrophysics and is available online. In addition to Migkas, Schellenberger and Reiprich, the authors of this paper are Florian Pacaud and Miriam Elizabeth Ramos-Ceja (University of Bonn), and Lorenzo Lovisari (CfA).
NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center manages the Chandra program. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory's Chandra X-ray Center controls science and flight operations from Cambridge and Burlington, Massachusetts.
Other materials about the findings are available at:
In the original posting of this press release we did not mention the possibility of "systematic errors" explaining some or all of these results, rather than the two cosmological explanations we discuss. First author Konstantinos Migkas had explained an example of a possible systematic error in his blog post that accompanied the press release. A relevant excerpt is here:
"So did we tear down one of the most crucial pillars of cosmology? Not so fast, it is not that simple. At least two scenarios may have led us to wrong conclusions.
Firstly, cosmic material might interfere with the light that travels from the clusters to the Earth. For example, previously unknown gas and dust clouds beyond the Milky Way could obscure a fraction of photons emitted from the clusters. Since we ignore the possible existence of such clouds, we do not account for their interference, and hence we would falsely underestimate the true luminosity of the clusters. Eventually, we could mistake this for a cosmological effect. We performed several tests that led us to believe that this scenario seems unlikely, but not impossible. However, considering that the direction of the anisotropy we find agrees with other studies that used observations in light at different wavelengths, where such obscuring effects are not expected, one could argue against the possibility of such biases in our analysis."
Their peer reviewed and published paper considers this and several other possible systematic errors in detail, and will address other possibilities in a future peer-reviewed paper.
OPMERKELIJK: HET UNIVERSUM DIJT MOGELIJK NIET IN ALLE RICHTINGEN GELIJKMATIG UIT
OPMERKELIJK: HET UNIVERSUM DIJT MOGELIJK NIET IN ALLE RICHTINGEN GELIJKMATIG UIT
Vivian Lammerse
De studie veegt daarmee een lang aanvaarde theorie van tafel, waardoor we mogelijk ons huidige kosmologische model moeten herzien.
Astronomen zijn het er grotendeels met elkaar over eens dat de kosmos na de oerknal voortdurend uitdijde. Het betekent dat de afstand tussen sterrenstelsels in ons universum per seconde steeds een stukje groter wordt. Daarbij gaan wetenschappers er al decennia van uit dat het heelal zich in alle richtingen met dezelfde snelheid uitbreidt. Maar een nieuwe studie gepubliceerd in Astronomy & Astrophysics veegt die lang aanvaarde theorie nu hardvochtig tafel.
Rozijnencake De uitdijing van het universum kun je nog het beste vergelijken met een rozijnencake. Terwijl de cake – die het heelal vertegenwoordigt – in de oven bakt en uitzet, bewegen de rozijnen – die kosmische objecten zoals sterrenstelsels voorstellen – van elkaar vandaan. Met een gelijkmatige mengsel zou de cake in alle richtingen op dezelfde manier uit moeten zetten, net als bij een isotroop universum. En daar gingen astronomen al decennia lang van uit.
Onderzoekers besloten de zogenaamde ‘isotroophypothese’ over het universum uit te dagen. Want klopt het eigenlijk wel dat het heelal gelijkmatig in alle richtingen uitdijt? “We hebben gekeken naar meer dan 800 clusters in het huidige heelal,” vertelt onderzoeker Konstantinos Migkas. “Als de isotroophypothese correct is, zouden de eigenschappen van de clusters overal hetzelfde zijn. Maar we zagen al gauw significante verschillen.”
Vier van de honderden clusters die in de studie werden geanalyseerd.
Afbeelding: NASA/CXC/Univ. of Bonn/K. Migkas et al.
De astronomen gebruikten röntgen temperatuurmetingen van het extreem hete gas dat doordringt in de sterrenhopen en vergeleken de gegevens met hoe helder de sterrenhopen verschijnen. Clusters met dezelfde temperatuur en op een vergelijkbare afstand zouden er – volgens de theorie – even helder uit moeten zien. Maar dat is niet wat de onderzoekers opmerkten. “We zagen dat clusters met dezelfde eigenschappen en met vergelijkbare temperaturen in de ene richting veel minder helder leken dan verwacht, terwijl ze in een andere richting juist veel helderder waren,” vertelt Thomas Reiprich. “Het verschil was behoorlijk groot, ongeveer dertig procent.”
Verklaringen De onderzoekers besloten op zoek te gaan naar mogelijke verklaringen. Want wellicht dat onopgemerkte gas- of stofwolken het zicht belemmerden, waardoor de clusters in een bepaald gebied donkerder leken. Dat bleek echter niet het geval. Ook enkele andere oorzaken die de nieuwe studieresultaten zouden kunnen ontkrachten werden onderzocht, maar van tafel geveegd. Het betekent dat het universum wellicht echt ongelijkmatig uitdijt. Maar wat ligt hieraan ten grondslag? De wetenschappers speculeren nu dat mogelijk donkere energie een vinger in de pap heeft. Het grootste deel van het universum bestaat mogelijk uit deze mysterieuze vorm van energie, al weten we hier op dit moment nog niet veel van af. Het enige dat wetenschappers veronderstellen is dat donkere energie op de een of andere manier verantwoordelijk is voor de versnelling van de uitdijing van het universum. In dit geval zou het kunnen dat donkere energie in sommige delen van het universum sterker is dan in andere delen, waardoor er mogelijk verschillen ontstaan in hoe snel het universum in bepaalde richtingen uitdijt.
Een kaart van de snelheid van de uitdijing van het heelal in verschillende richtingen.
Afbeelding: K. Migkas et al. 2020, CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO
Gevolgen De bevindingen hebben grote gevolgen. Want tot op heden gingen onderzoekers er eigenlijk standaard vanuit dat het universum isotroop is. “Als het heelal echt anisotroop is – al was het maar in de afgelopen paar miljard jaar – dan zou dit enorme gevolgen hebben,” zegt Migkas. “Wanneer we de eigenschappen van objecten analyseren moet er namelijk rekening gehouden worden met de richting van elk object. Vandaag schatten we bijvoorbeeld de afstand tot zeer verre objecten in het heelal door een reeks kosmologische parameters en vergelijkingen toe te passen. We geloven dat deze parameters overal hetzelfde zijn. Maar als onze bevindingen juist zijn, dan zou dat niet meer op gaan en moeten we dus al onze eerdere conclusies herzien.”
Of dat ook echt nodig is, zal toekomstig onderzoek moeten uitwijzen. “De bevindingen zijn echt interessant, maar de steekproef in de studie is nog relatief klein om zulke verstrekkende conclusies te trekken,” zegt René Laureijs van ESA. “Als we het algemeen aanvaarde kosmologische model echt zouden moeten heroverwegen, hebben we meer gegevens nodig.” En die gaan er wellicht ook komen. ESA’s aankomende telescoop Euclid is ontworpen om miljarden sterrenstelsels in beeld te brengen. Deze telescoop zal in staat zijn om de uitdijing van het universum, de versnelling en de aard van donkere energie nauwkeuriger dan ooit te onderzoeken. De lancering van de telescoop staat gepland voor 2022. We wachten gespannen af of deze telescoop het grote mysterie in toekomst zou kunnen helpen oplossen.
MEDICIJN GEVONDEN DAT HET NIEUWE CORONAVIRUS BINNEN 48 UUR UITSCHAKELT
MEDICIJN GEVONDEN DAT HET NIEUWE CORONAVIRUS BINNEN 48 UUR UITSCHAKELT
Caroline Kraaijvanger
Het medicijn – dat nu gebruikt wordt om parasieten te bestrijden – lijkt in ieder geval in het laboratorium veelbelovend.
Tot die conclusie komen onderzoekers van Monash University nadat ze het middel in het laboratorium loslieten op cellen die met het virus geïnfecteerd waren. De experimenten wijzen uit dat het middel het virus binnen 48 uur kan doden. “We ontdekten dat een enkele dosis in 48 uur tijd in feite al het virale RNA verwijderde en dat er zelfs na 24 uur al sprake was van een significante afname van het virus,” aldus onderzoeker Kylie Wagstaff.
Meer onderzoek Of dit dan de behandeling is waar talloze patiënten wereldwijd naar smachten? Die conclusie zul je Wagstaff nog niet zo snel horen trekken. Het is namelijk belangrijk om je te realiseren dat deze resultaten enkel in het laboratorium geboekt zijn. Of het middel in vivo – oftewel in het menselijk lichaam – hetzelfde resultaat heeft, is nog onduidelijk. “We moeten nu uitzoeken of de dosis waarin je het aan mensen kunt toedienen, effectief is. Dat is de volgende stap.”
Over ivermectine Wagstaff en collega’s bogen zich al snel nadat het nieuwe coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 tot een pandemie uitgroeide, over het betreffende geneesmiddel: ivermectine. Het medicijn wordt nu ingezet om parasieten te bestrijden. Zo krijgen mensen het bijvoorbeeld voorgeschreven bij worminfecties. Maar eerdere studies hebben al uitgewezen dat het in vitro – oftewel buiten het lichaam, in kweekculturen in het lab – ook wel raad weet met een breed scala aan virussen, waaronder zika en het influenzavirus. En dat bracht Wagstaff en collega’s op het idee om het middel ook los te laten op het nieuwe coronavirus.
Hoe werkt het? Het levert in ieder geval in het laboratorium veelbelovende resultaten op. Hoe het middel in de petrischaaltjes van Wagstaff en collega’s precies afrekent met het virus is niet onderzocht. Maar de wetenschappers hebben daar – afgaand op wat ze het middel eerder met andere virussen hebben zien doen – wel ideeën over. Ons immuunsysteem maakt normaliter korte metten met lichaamsvreemde stoffen, zoals virussen. Om toch cellen te kunnen infecteren, onderdrukt het nieuwe coronavirus die immuunrespons, waardoor onze cellen er minder goed in slagen om het virus op te ruimen. En ivermectine lijkt er kort gezegd voor te zorgen dat het virus er niet meer in slaagt om onze cellen ervan te weerhouden het virus op te ruimen.
Vervolgonderzoek Als uit vervolgonderzoek blijkt dat het middel ook in het menselijk lichaam wel raad weet met SARS-CoV-2 dan kan het in theorie snel gaan. Omdat ivermectine al een bestaand en dus goedgekeurd en veilig bevonden medicijn is, kan het in principe snel worden ingezet om geïnfecteerde patiënten te behandelen. Zover is het echter nog niet, zo blijven Wagstaff en collega’s benadrukken. Eerst moet er in het laboratorium nog meer onderzoek worden gedaan en dan pas kan er na worden gedacht over klinisch onderzoek, waarbij het middel op mensen wordt getest. En om dat alles mogelijk te maken, is heel dringend geld nodig.
Malariamedicijn Op dit moment is er geen effectieve behandeling voor mensen die met SARS-CoV-2 besmet zijn geraakt. Artsen behandelen momenteel dan ook noodgedwongen de symptomen. Onderzoekers wereldwijd werken hard om daar verandering in te brengen. Zij kijken daarbij – vanwege de urgente vraag naar een behandeling – het liefst naar bestaande medicijnen. Zo werd eerder al geopperd dat een bestaand malariamedicijn kon helpen in de behandeling tegen COVID-19. Maar wetenschappelijke studies naar de effectiviteit van het middel leveren tot op heden uiteenlopende resultaten op. Er is tot op heden dus geen hard bewijs dat dit geneesmiddel het verschil kan maken.
Dat een effectieve behandeling tegen COVID-19 hard nodig is, staat buiten kijf. Wereldwijd is het virus inmiddels bij meer dan 1,2 miljoen mensen officieel vastgesteld. En bijna 70.000 mensen zijn aan de gevolgen van het virus overleden. Lang leek China – het land waarin het virus voor het eerst opdook – het hardst te zijn getroffen, maar inmiddels tellen de VS, Spanje, Italië, Duitsland en Frankrijk meer officiële besmettingen dan China. In Nederland zijn meer dan 17.000 besmettingen bevestigd en 1766 mensen zijn aan de gevolgen van het virus overleden. Maatregelen bedoeld om de verspreiding van het virus af te remmen, lijken ondertussen hun vruchten af te werpen. Onduidelijk is nog hoelang die maatregelen – of in ieder geval een deel ervan – in stand moeten worden gehouden om het virus echt onder controle te houden. Deskundigen sluiten niet uit dat onze samenleving er zeker nog 12 tot 18 maanden anders uit zal zien dan in pre-COVID-19-tijden.
Cryptic Snake-Like Structure in Peru Spotted by Google Earth User
Cryptic Snake-Like Structure in Peru Spotted by Google Earth User
Southern Peru is famous for UNESCO-designated World Heritage Site the Nazca Lines, which represent a group of giant and ancient geoglyphs. However, something even more mysterious and unexplainable have now been spotted close to the site by one curious Google Earth user.
Some cryptic shapes and patterns were spotted by Google Earth enthusiast 30-40 kilometres North East from the famous Nazca Lines in Peru. The user published a video of his mysterious discovery on YouTube, and the image immediately attracted thousands of views in just several days, with observers rushing to express their astonishment with the finding.
The patterns spotted by the Google Earth admirer included strange “football pitch”-sized circles in a deserted mountain ridge nearby Uchumarca, as well as a cryptic snake-like structure, which he described as a “serpent”. He also noted in the video that it was difficult to understand whether the pattern was occurring naturally or was a human-designed structure.
“The ‘serpent’ just really jumped right out at me”, the Google Earth user wrote on YouTube after his video was published. “It's either a very large natural formation or a manmade artificial site like the serpent mound in Ohio. Other than that - I got nothin'. Very interesting”.
“Very cool find my friend. Definitely looks like a petrified serpant to me”, one of the video viewers commented on the finding.
“Yo that snake was so eye popping, it def looks man made but the scale of it, im amazed by it”, another YouTuber added.
Despite a flow of comments and speculations about what could have caused such exotic shapes in one of the highest elevations in the area, the truth behind the origin of giant patterns still remains a mystery.
The Nazca Lines, which lie close to the analysed site, are a group of geoglyphs which are believed to be created around 2000 years ago. They are located in southern Peru and are designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
NASA’s incubator programme which funds the development of far reaching, long term advanced concepts that “think outside the box,” has awarded a grant for research into turning a huge crater on the far side of the Moon into a giant radio telescope.
NASA’s Institute for Advanced Concepts (NIAC) is a platform that each year nurtures visionary ideas that have the potential to create breakthrough technologies for possible future space missions, by funding projects still in the early stages of development.
For 2020, the US space agency has selected 23 potentially revolutionary concepts with a total award value of $7 million; recipients of Phase I awards receive $125,000 to advance their concept over a nine-month period.
One of the new successful applicants is Saptarshi Bandyopadhyay, a robotics technologist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in California. Bandyopadhyay’s idea is to turn a suitable existing lunar crater, one to 50 kilometres in diameter, on the far-side of the Moon into a spherical reflecting dish and use it as a radio telescope.
Called the Lunar Crater Radio Telescope (LCRT), the dish would be able to observe the Universe in the 5 –100 metre wavelength band, a region of the electromagnetic spectrum rarely utilised in astronomy.
The radio telescope, which would have “tremendous advantages compared to Earth-based telescopes,” according to Bandyopadhyay’s description of his radical concept, could “potentially make tremendous scientific discoveries in fields of cosmology and extrasolar planets.”
An added advantage is that as it will be tucked away out of sight from Earth, the Moon will act as a physical shield that isolates the telescope from the radio interference and noises coming from our planet.
To create the LCRT, Bandyopadhyay suggests using wallclimbing DuAxel robots to drape a deployable wire-mesh one kilometre in diameter on the inside of a large lunar crater.
This would require only a few robots from Earth thereby significantly reducing launch weight and cost compared to all previous lunar-surface telescope mission concepts, says Bandyopadhyay.
If the concept ever came to fruition, then the LCRT would be the largest filled-aperture radio telescope in the Solar System.
Furthermore, the concept idea specifies that the robots could then go onto create a network of LCRTs that would facilitate in lunar Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) astronomy.
VLBI is already a technique used on Earth to perform very high angular resolution observations of cosmic radio sources. It works by linking together antennas that are spread thousands of kilometres apart around the globe.
When connected, they act as a virtual planet-size dish, giving astronomers exceptional resolving power; for example VBLI observations were used by the Event Horizon Telescope last year to make the first ever photograph of a black hole.
A feat that the LCRT's creator is hoping to emulate. “We envisage that this concept would unlock the potential for ground-breaking scientific discoveries in radio astronomy,” concludes Bandyopadhyay.
In addition to Bandyopadhyay’s concept, NASA also awarded a Phase III grant to Slava Turyshev, a researcher at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, to continue his design for imaging Earth-like planets outside of the solar system.
Turyshev will receive a $2 million grant to further mature the concept and related technologies of his solar gravity lens; a probe located 80.4 billion kilometres (50 billion miles) from Earth that uses multiple small spacecraft and solar sail technology to propel the lens to its target destination.
Turyshev’s idea is only the third study selected for Phase III funding in the history of the program said NIAC Program Executive Jason Derleth.
“We’re excited by its potential to bring us closer to imaging an exoplanet in detail, at a resolution comparable to the well-known Apollo 8 Earthrise photo,” Derleth said.
“The trailer has arrived for Greenland, a movie that probably won’t do much to help you relax during this particular period. Gerard Butler and Morena Baccarin star in this disaster thriller, which follows a family’s fight to get to Greenland bunkers as comet fragments – preceding a big mofo – collide with the Earth. Roger Dale Floyd and Scott Glenn also star.”
At this point, most announcements of the release of the trailer for the upcoming comet disaster movie “Greenland” inserted a YouTube video of it and clickers watched it … for a day. Latecomers got this message instead: “Video unavailable. This video has been removed by the uploader.” (Try it yourself here.) What happened?
“They got it all wrong. There’s a ton of fragments! Planet killers…”
That 10-second ‘elevator pitch’ describes the plot of “Greenland,” which stars Gerard Butler (Angel Has Fallen) and is directed by Ric Roman Waugh (Felon, Shot Caller). A planet-killing comet is breaking up and threatening Earth, the media reports are inconsistent, panic ensues, humanity shows its best and worst sides as government breaks down and laws are ignored and people search for a safe place.
Does any of this sound eerily familiar?
“The trailer has some eerie similarities to what’s been happening in our real world, as many of us looked at those early reports of COVID-19 with little concern and the subsequent media info has been frustratingly inconsistent.”
Firstshowing.net gives one clue as to why the trailer may have been pulled. That reason can easily hide behind the obvious other coronavirus-related one – the June U.S. premier will be delayed by the lockdown. However, Ufohotspot.com gives another possibility:
“Talking about a comet breaking into pieces, according to the latest information from astronomers around the world, comet Atlas discovered on December 28, 2019 and it’s close approach to Earth on May 23, 2020 might be breaking apart and is starting to fade.”
As of this writing, the interstellar comet Borisov is breaking apart and may not make it out of the solar system at all. At the same time, the highly-hyped “supercomet” Atlas — whose icy center is only kilometers wide but whose atmosphere measures five times the size of Jupiter and is being misleadingly described by many sites as “planet-sized” – is also breaking up and may not light up the sky and be visible to the naked eye as predicted. While these comets are too far away for any of their pieces to strike the Earth, the already terrified and confused world doesn’t need much to push it completely over the apocalyptic edge to suspecting their government is hiding the truth about these two comets in addition to the coronavirus – it doesn’t take many connected dots to see this picture forming.
Speaking of pictures and trailers, the Watchtower.org website has a foreign version of the trailer (at least as of this writing) that can be viewed here.
Cover-up? Coincidence? Coronavirus? Comets? Conspiracy? Cinematic conjecture? (Today’s story was brought to you by the letter ‘C’.)
So far as can be determined, the menacing Chupacabrafirst surfaced in March 1995, twenty-five years ago. That was when numerous animals – mainly goats – were found dead in the towns of Morovis (located in central Puerto Rico) and Orocovis, which is situated within the La Cordillera Central mountain range. Locals were plunged into states of near-hysteria by the attacks, which reportedly left animals dead, with strange marks on their necks, and a distinct lack of blood in their corpses. At least, that was the rumor. Since many of the early attacks were on goats, the term, “Chupacabra,” was created. It translates as “goat-sucker.” Matters really began in August 1995. That was when a woman named Madelyne Tolentino – who lived in Canovanas, which is close to the northeast coast of Puerto Rico – changed everything. Madelyne’s description of the creature she encountered, close to her mother’s home, was disturbing, to say the very least. It was a description eagerly embraced by the island’s media and by investigators of monsters and mysteries.
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Madelyne told journalists and researchers that the creature was around three feet in height, bipedal, ran in a weird, hopping fashion, had large black eyes, bony fingers on each hand, overly long arms and legs, and a kind of feathery line running down its back. Or, it appeared to Tolentino to be a feathery line: a young boy employed by Tolentino’s husband claimed that he saw the beast up close and personal and maintained that the feathers were, in reality, sharp spines. The boy also said that the creature possessed a mouthful of vicious-looking fangs. Not only did the people know of the chupacabra and its attacks, they also now knew what it looked like: something straight out of their worst nightmares. A legend was born. Some would say that a legend is all it is.
As someone with a big interest in the field of cryptozoology, I sat up and took notice when the stories of the Chupacabra began to surface in 1995. Indeed, of all the things I investigate, research and write about, Cryptozoology is the number one. It wasn’t until July 2004 that I was able to visit Puerto Rico and investigate the mystery for myself. I was there with a good friend of mine, Jon Downes, who runs the U.K.’-based Center for Fortean Zoology. The reason? We were there with a crew from the SyFy Channel who were making a new (and short-lived) show called Proof Positive. It was during those eight days on Puerto Rico that I quickly came to realize how much interest there was on the island, even nine years after the first sightings in 1995. Twenty-five years later, I’ve now been to Puerto Rico on nine occasions and obtained a wealth of data on the monster. Some of it suggests that the phenomenon is real. Other data destroys some of the more controversial aspects of the story.
Time and again I heard rumors that the Chupacbara lived on blood – or that blood was, at least, an integral part of the creature’s daily intake. It was this angle of the Chupacabra lore and legend that really stood out. But, it wasn’t true. If it shatters some cherished assumptions, that’s too damned bad, but – contrary to what many people believe – there’s no proof of the Chupacabras sucking blood. Even vampire bats do not suck blood. Ever. Instead, when a bat lands on its sleeping prey, it makes a tiny incision, with its razor-sharp teeth, that provokes the flow of blood – in much the same way that blood flows to the surface of our skin when it’s cut. The bat then proceeds to lap the protein-rich blood, rather than suck it. Rather incredibly, if the skin of the prey is covered in significant amounts of hair, the vampire bat has the ability to use its teeth to “shave” the hair away, thus allowing it to feed easier. Most ingenious of all, Mother Nature has taken steps to ensure the saliva of the vampire bat contains anticoagulants that prevent the blood of its prey from clotting. The blood, as a result, runs and runs – and runs even more.
To demonstrate the sheer speed and ability with which the vampire bat can feed voraciously on its victim, a fully-grown specimen can lap around fifty percent of its own body weight in less than half an hour. The vampire bat has a near-unique digestive system that allows its stomach to absorb plasma from the blood. From there, it makes its way to the kidneys, and finally to the bladder. It’s a very quick process, too: from intake to urination, the passage of time is around one and a half minutes. And, like all of us, when it’s done feeding, the vampire bat finds a place to settle down, relax, and let the process of digestion do its thing.
During the course of my investigations on Puerto Rico, barely a day went by when I didn’t hear at least one story of the chupacabra’s vampire-like attacks on livestock and other animals. And I can’t tell you how many times the words “blood” and “draining” (or “sucking”) were used in the very same sentences. Certainly, I uncovered a number of stories from people who claimed their dead animals were subjected to necropsies, and which confirmed that massive blood loss had occurred. The problem, however, was that I was never able to secure even a single, official necropsy report to validate those claims. On the other side of the coin, I have heard more than a few very plausible stories suggesting the assumed, huge loss of blood was actually due to the blood of the dead animals sinking to the lowest parts of the victims’ bodies, after death. What appeared to have been evidence of a significant loss of blood may have really been be due to nothing more than misidentification. Today, I have just about completely dismissed the theory that the creature lives on blood. Even in minute amounts.
That didn’t take away the fact, however, that people were still seeing the creature – regardless of the blood angle. Some witnesses were sure that what they had seen was actually a giant bat. Others described it as a large bird with what appeared to be human-like legs. Then, there were those in the field of conspiracy-theorizing, who believed that the Chupacabras were actually genetically altered monkeys turned into raging, killing machines and let loose in Puerto Rico’s El Yunque rain-forest. The scenario told to me was something like a combination of Predator and 28 Days Later! That there was a lot of UFO activity on Puerto Rico led to the inevitable scenario of the Chupacabras being extraterrestrial in nature. And, there was the theory that the monsters were supernatural in origin – things that could be invoked via rite and ritual. A few people supported the admittedly interesting theory that perhaps some of the attacks were the work of escaped large cats.
Today, as we “celebrate” the Chupacabras’ 25th year of infamy, not much has changed – in terms of the theories, the claims and the legends. Based on all of the research I’ve done on Puerto Rico, I still believe there is such a creature – a mysterious animal that has yet to be found and identified. There is another aspect to all of this. Namely, all of the friends I have made on Puerto Rico over all the years, and who I have stayed in touch with. Puerto Rico is a great place, with an equally great culture and a cool history. And Puerto Rican food is superb. And after a hard day of seeking out a Chupacabra or several, there’s a plentiful supply of Medalla beer to chug down. I can easily see myself moving to Puerto Rico one day – all as a result of a quest for the truth of the island’s resident monster.
Alien Communications Are Getting More Urgent, Something Big is About to Happen 2020
Alien Communications Are Getting More Urgent, Something Big is About to Happen 2020
COAST TO COAST AM – Certified hypnotherapist, abduction researcher and Director of CERO (Close Encounter Resource Organization) Yvonne Smith discussed stories from the last five years of her work as a hypnotherapist specializing in alien abduction. She has seen a shift or “urgency” in the messages received by the abductees from these beings as if something enormous is about to happen.
Smith has been regressing and counseling abductees for over 25 years, and is convinced that the abduction phenomenon is real and is caused by some sort of extraterrestrial beings or intelligences because the accounts of her clients are “so startlingly similar.”
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:ALIEN LIFE, UFO- CRASHES, ABDUCTIONS, MEN IN BLACK, ed ( FR. , NL; E )
The 40,000 Year Old Legacy of the Advanced Siberian Denisovans Giants
The 40,000 Year Old Legacy of the Advanced Siberian Denisovans Giants
COAST TO COAST AM – Andrew Collins has been investigating the idea of advanced civilizations in prehistory since 1979. In the latter half, he spoke about the legacy of the Denisovans, an extinct species of hominins that lived in Siberia around 40,000 years ago, and whose existence was just discovered in 2010.
Collins believes they developed sophisticated technology, using high-speed drilling techniques and creating unique jewelry and musical instruments. The Denisovans, who were large in size and may have been the source of legends about giants (such as the Nephilim) were fascinated by celestial movements, he noted.
Rare View of Advanced Alien Technology next to the Planet Venus
Rare View of Advanced Alien Technology next to the Planet Venus
Astunning image has been taken by a sky-watcher from Waujesha, Wisconsin on April 9, 2020 showing what appears to be two huge UFO lightships next to the planet Venus.
Credit images sky-watcher Waujesha, Wisconsin -
Original image submitted to Mufon .
At first glance it looks like it is just one UFO lightship but zooming in on the object it turns out to be two UFO lightships.
Further analysis shows that the two UFOs are connected to each other by a beam of light whereby a red glowing object surrounds the beam.
It may be that the sky-watcher has captured a rare view of advanced alien technology in deep space.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
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