The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
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Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
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UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld Ontdek de Fascinerende Wereld van UFO's en UAP's: Jouw Bron voor Onthullende Informatie!
Ben jij ook gefascineerd door het onbekende? Wil je meer weten over UFO's en UAP's, niet alleen in België, maar over de hele wereld? Dan ben je op de juiste plek!
België: Het Kloppend Hart van UFO-onderzoek
In België is BUFON (Belgisch UFO-Netwerk) dé autoriteit op het gebied van UFO-onderzoek. Voor betrouwbare en objectieve informatie over deze intrigerende fenomenen, bezoek je zeker onze Facebook-pagina en deze blog. Maar dat is nog niet alles! Ontdek ook het Belgisch UFO-meldpunt en Caelestia, twee organisaties die diepgaand onderzoek verrichten, al zijn ze soms kritisch of sceptisch.
Nederland: Een Schat aan Informatie
Voor onze Nederlandse buren is er de schitterende website www.ufowijzer.nl, beheerd door Paul Harmans. Deze site biedt een schat aan informatie en artikelen die je niet wilt missen!
Internationaal: MUFON - De Wereldwijde Autoriteit
Neem ook een kijkje bij MUFON (Mutual UFO Network Inc.), een gerenommeerde Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in de VS en wereldwijd. MUFON is toegewijd aan de wetenschappelijke en analytische studie van het UFO-fenomeen, en hun maandelijkse tijdschrift, The MUFON UFO-Journal, is een must-read voor elke UFO-enthousiasteling. Bezoek hun website op www.mufon.com voor meer informatie.
Samenwerking en Toekomstvisie
Sinds 1 februari 2020 is Pieter niet alleen ex-president van BUFON, maar ook de voormalige nationale directeur van MUFON in Vlaanderen en Nederland. Dit creëert een sterke samenwerking met de Franse MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP, wat ons in staat stelt om nog meer waardevolle inzichten te delen.
Let op: Nepprofielen en Nieuwe Groeperingen
Pas op voor een nieuwe groepering die zich ook BUFON noemt, maar geen enkele connectie heeft met onze gevestigde organisatie. Hoewel zij de naam geregistreerd hebben, kunnen ze het rijke verleden en de expertise van onze groep niet evenaren. We wensen hen veel succes, maar we blijven de autoriteit in UFO-onderzoek!
Blijf Op De Hoogte!
Wil jij de laatste nieuwtjes over UFO's, ruimtevaart, archeologie, en meer? Volg ons dan en duik samen met ons in de fascinerende wereld van het onbekende! Sluit je aan bij de gemeenschap van nieuwsgierige geesten die net als jij verlangen naar antwoorden en avonturen in de sterren!
Heb je vragen of wil je meer weten? Aarzel dan niet om contact met ons op te nemen! Samen ontrafelen we het mysterie van de lucht en daarbuiten.
21-06-2020
Did Billy Meier Use Time Travel to Witness Events in the Future?
Did Billy Meier Use Time Travel to Witness Events in the Future?
COAST TO COAST AM –Michael Horn explained that Billy Meier used a kind of time travel to witness events in the future. From his 1948 prediction, he wrote “On the American continent much will be destroyed far and wide in a more distant time, as the great caldera will break open, which cannot be prevented, as the Earth being broken open by the great Eifel caldera in Germany cannot, whereby the upper part of Europe will become a sea of fire.”
Meier also claimed to have witnessed and photographed a cataclysmic earthquake in San Francisco from a future period when cars will no longer have rear view mirrors. For more, check out this blog posting Horn prepared to accompany his show appearance.
Antarctica Mysteries Just Keep on Coming, Now Scientists Have Found Something Else
Antarctica Mysteries Just Keep on Coming, Now Scientists Have Found Something Else
Antarctica has been covered with ice for thousands of years, and only recently have we been able to fully identify its underlying features and anchored deep in the ice of Antarctica, the IceCube installation features a high-tech particle neutrino detector designed to search for one of the most elusive particles in the universe.
Hey guys I want to point out that the old maps of Antarctica only go back about 5342 years from doing my research and actually if you go back into the old Encyclopedia Britannica and any of the old encyclopedias pre 1951 you will see the actual map to Barn Arctica before there was Ice those map that were made of Antarctica about 5,000 years ago were true.
Antarctica his only recently iced over our planetary poles go through a summer and winter equinox oil face but it’s different with Earth because we have a habitable atmosphere with lots of water when we have our next event the northern part of the continents will then freeze and Antarctica will once again be free of ice our planet does this every cycle . aj
Secret Space Interplanetary Salvaging Programs of E.T. Wreckage Are Being Back Engineered!
Secret Space Interplanetary Salvaging Programs of E.T. Wreckage Are Being Back Engineered!
From recently discarded tech to ancient E.T. craft, our solar system is awash with space junk and major aerospace corporations vie for their share of the spoils. Emery Smith gives us the inside scoop on who is running interplanetary salvaging programs and what they gain from the strange things that they find. He explains that most of the technologies in the SSPs, from spacesuits to vehicles, have been reverse-engineered from alien wreckage salvaged from deep-space missions.
Host George Noory
Guest Speaker – Emery Smith
All content on this channel is licensed, and or produced by Zohar Entertainment Group/Awakening Expo/Phenomena Magazine.
Former NASA Scientist, Discovery of Earth Like Planets & Interstellar Civilizations via Prof. Knuth
Former NASA Scientist, Discovery of Earth Like Planets & Interstellar Civilizations via Prof. Knuth
Prof. Knuth is an Associate Professor in the Department of Physics at the University at Albany (SUNY), and is the Editor-in-Chief of the journal Entropy (MDPI). He is a former NASA research scientist having worked for four years at NASA Ames Research Center in the Intelligent Systems Division designing artificial intelligence algorithms for astrophysical data analysis. He has over 20 years of experience in applying Bayesian and maximum entropy methods to the design of machine learning algorithms for data analysis applied to the physical sciences.
His current research interests include the foundations of physics, quantum information, inference and inquiry, autonomous robotics, and the search for and characterization of extrasolar planets. He has published over 90 peer-reviewed publications and has been invited to give over 80 presentations in 14 countries.
Swarm Of UFOs Over Buenos Aires, Argentina On June 2020, 2 Videos, UFO Sighting News.
Swarm Of UFOs Over Buenos Aires, Argentina On June 2020, 2 Videos, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: June 13, 2020 Location of sighting: Buenos Aires, Argentina Source: Twitter Here we see a swarm of alien cloud orbs during this storm like weather. They are there to recharge using the lightning from the storm. UFOs are often seen near storms and I believe recharging would account for why. Several video appeared on Twitter this week. They all recorded glowing flickering metallic objects in the sky above Buenos Aires, Argentina. The objects were not balloons because balloons don't flicker or sparkle like that. The UFOs were spread out and the flickering seems to be some kind of communications between them. UFO fleets like this orb fleet are less common sightings, but usually seen once a week somewhere in the world, often going reported. Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
Agus@Stylins93170917
OMG ESTO SE LOGRO CAPTAR EN LA RIOJA, TENGO UNA AMIGA QUE ME LO ENVIÓ #Ovnis
I was looking at the SOHO sun photo that they took today and noticed the winged angelic UFO is back again. It comes and goes several times a week, but we have two amazing photos of it here, usually I have only one. In one of the photos, the UFO is turning so we get to see the wings at an angle. Many have told me the wings remind them of a giant angel being. Well, wings are certainly not necessary for a space craft and it has to be more for actual interior room and outer ascetic beauty. The aliens seem to be harvesting a rare particle from our sun and taking to their own world far away. As you see from the two photos, the UFO is several times larger than earth itself.
100% proof that aliens are visiting our sun on a regular basis.
UFO Landed In Front Of The Witness In Clinton, New York, Video, June 2020, UFO Sighting News.
UFO Landed In Front Of The Witness In Clinton, New York, Video, June 2020, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: June 13, 2020
Location of sighting: Clinton, New York, USA
This is an amazing close up of an glowing orb at night. Such orbs have been seen before over Dome of Rock, the most holy of holy places on Earth a few years ago. The color, brightness and shape all fall into the same category. I am surprised it came this close to the person. Usually they keep a distance of 50 meters or more. This is truly a very rare occurrence among UFO reports.
Scott C. Waring
Eyewitness states:
"The sighting really freaked me out i couldn't believe what was happening. if i didn't record it i would think it was a dream. my phone camera stopped working right before the UFO shot straight up in the air audio removed due to swearing"
USAF TR3B Seen Being Tested Over Bristol Channel, UK, Raw Footage, June 2020, UFO Sighting News.
USAF TR3B Seen Being Tested Over Bristol Channel, UK, Raw Footage, June 2020, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: June 2020
Location of sighting: Bristol Channel, UK
Source: MUFON report
This report just came in from MUFON and the video from the eyewitness shows a rotating disk object not far from a ship in the Bristol Channel. The object is rotating but appress to be a triangle. I say this because there is a massive white light at its center...the same shape and light that is on the infamous USAF alien tech TR3B triangle craft. The USAF has worked in secret with the UK in the past for TR3B testing...which caused Dorito UFOs to be seen across the UK. Here is another example of that. I believe it was called Project Aura. Apparently the USAF is still testing such craft in the UK.
An artist's illustration of Mars with rings and part of the solar system's ringed planet club. A new study suggests that the Martian moon Deimos may have once been a ring.
A cycle of moon formation could explain the slightly tilted orbit of Mars' moon Deimos.
Mars has two moons circling the planet, called Phobos and Deimos. For many years, scientists supposed that both of these moons were captured asteroids, or space rocks. But new research shows the orbit of Deimos would not make that possible.
Deimos is very slightly tilted to the Martian equator, by only two degrees. Initially, the difference was so small that many scientists overlooked the matter.
"The fact that Deimos' orbit is not exactly in plane with Mars' equator was considered unimportant, and nobody cared to try to explain it," study lead author Matija Cuk, a research scientist at the SETI Institute, said in a statement. "But once we had a big new idea and we looked at it with new eyes, Deimos' orbital tilt revealed its big secret."
The secret came from looking at the motions of Phobos, which orbits closer to the Martian surface and is slowly spiraling into the planet. Eventually, Phobos will drop so close to Mars that the gravity of the much larger planet will pull the moon into pieces — forming a ring.
Study co-authors David Minton, a professor at Purdue University, and Andrew Hesselbrock, who was his graduate student at the time of the research, suggest that Phobos' future is not a one-off event. Instead, after the moon is pulled apart, eventually the pieces will reform into another moon. This not only will happen to Phobos, but has happened already other times in the Martian past.
This breaking up and reforming of moons would in turn explain how Deimos' orbital tilt happened.
Images captured by NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter reveal that the surface of Deimos is mostly smooth, marred only by recent impact craters. (Image credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona)
"This cyclic Martian moon theory has one crucial element that makes Deimos’ tilt possible: a newborn moon would move away from the ring and Mars ... in the opposite direction from the inward spiral Phobos is experiencing due to gravitational interactions with Mars," the SETI Institute said in the statement.
"An outward-migrating moon just outside the rings can encounter a so-called orbital resonance, in which Deimos' orbital period is three times that of the other moon," the institute added. "We can tell that only an outward-moving moon could have strongly affected Deimos, which means that Mars must have had a ring pushing the inner moon outward."
This theoretical outward-moving moon would have been huge, at 20 times more massive than Phobos. Phobos is theorized to be two generations younger than this moon, which broke up and reformed twice — the second time forming Phobos. Also, the age of Phobos favors the theory. Deimos is billions of years old, but Phobos is as young as 200 million years old — meaning it formed when dinosaurs roamed the Earth.
So far, no spacecraft has been able to get up close to either Martian moon to test geological theories, but that could change soon. The Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) plans to send a mission to Phobos in 2024, called Martian Moons Exploration (MMX). If all goes to plan, MMX will pick up a sample from Phobos to return to Earth.
"I do theoretical calculations for a living, and they are good, but getting them tested against the real world now and then is even better," Cuk said in the statement.
The research was presented at the 236th meeting of the American Astronomical Society, held virtually until June 3. A paper based on the work has been accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters.
If you travelled to the Tuva mountains in Southern Russia, some 1,300 m (4,300 ft) above sea level, you might find a rather inconspicuous lake called Tere-Khol, hidden among the rolling hills. The lake itself would not be very interesting were it not for an island in its midst.
In truth, the island itself is also nothing special. It’s what’s on it that’s truly spectacular: the Uyghur Por-Bajin complex.
Aerial view of Por-Bajin from the west. The complex is situated on an island in a lake. Scientists have pinned its construction on the year 777 CE, using a special carbon-14 dating technique. Image credits: Andrei Panin
The Por-Bajin complex was built by the Uyghurs, a Turkic minority ethnic group scattered across several areas in today’s Russia, Mongolia, and China. Por-Bajin was built more than 1,000 years ago but was abandoned for centuries until it was rediscovered in the 18th century
The complex measures 215 x 162 meters (705 x 531 feet), with outer walls measuring 12 meters high (39 feet). Building this big of a complex — and on an island in a lake, of all places — is not an easy feat. It was known that the complex was built by nomadic Uyghurs at some point in the 8th century, but much to the archaeologists’ surprise, the complex appears to have never been used.
So why would you go to all this trouble and build this structure if you’re never gonna use it?
To get to the bottom of this, a team of researchers worked to determine the exact year when the complex was built.
“In order to understand this, the exact construction date was required to find out which local leader, or khan, gave the orders for the construction,” explains Margot Kuitems, a postdoctoral researcher at the Centre for Isotope Research at the University of Groningen.
The problem is that radiocarbon dating is only accurate to a few decades, and if you want to know exactly who ordered the construction of the complex, that’s not good enough.
So researchers had to dig deep into the bag of (science) tricks to find the exact year — and they also got a bit lucky.
Trees, carbon, and archaeology
Carbon-14 (an isotope of carbon) is created in the upper atmosphere. When plants absorb carbon dioxide during their respiration, they mostly take in Carbon-12 (which makes the vast majority of the carbon in the atmosphere). But with it, plants also absorb a tiny amount of Carbon-14.
But when the plant starts to decay and decompose, the carbon uptake is stopped, and the less-stable Carbon-14 starts to decay. So if you look at a plant today, you’ll find a specific ratio of Carbon-12/Carbon-14. But if you were to look at a plant that lived 100 years ago, you’d find a different ratio. So by looking at this ratio, you can get a good idea of the age of that plant (or other organic material).
The rate of Carbon-14 production in the atmosphere varies slightly from year to year, but this is where the researchers got a bit lucky.
In 2013, Japanese Professor Fusa Miyake found a spectacular spike in Carbon-14 content in the year 775. The spike can be detected in tree rings that grew in that year, and therefore, can be used to date the year accurately.
“When you find wood at an archeological site from that period, you can look for the spike by measuring the carbon-14 content of subsequent tree rings,” explains Kuitems.
Example of wood circles under a microscope. Image credits: Andrei Panin.
Armed with this piece of information, the team examined a beam taken from the very foundation of the Por-Bajin complex. The tree had 45 rings, followed by bark. The 43rd ring featured the Carbon-14 spike, so that was the year 775 — which means the tree was cut 2 years later, in 777.
“So, we knew the tree was felled in 777. Tree ring specialist and co-author Petra Doeve determined that the final, partial ring was created in the spring,” adds Kuitems.
Russian archaeologists had already determined that the complex was built quickly, in 1-2 years, so the date probably stands true for the entire structure.
So what does this tell us?
In the year 777, Tengri Bögü Khan was the leading khan. He is famous for converting to Manichaeism, a religion spread by a Persian prophet based on a good-evil duality. Manichaeism had some success in some areas, but unfortunately for Bögü Khan, most of his people opposed it. He was actually killed in an anti-Manichaean rebellion in 779. Here too, the researchers got a bit lucky, because this particular event was a smoking gun indicating what really happened to this impressive complex.
“All this ties in neatly with the archeological evidence,” explains Kuitems. It is likely that the complex was built to serve as a Manichaean monastery. “This explains why it was never used after the anti-Manichaeans defeated Bögü Khan. If it had been a palace or a fortress, it is more likely that the victors would have moved in.”
So this approach helped researchers solve a long-standing conundrum, and could be used in other settings, researchers argue.
“This technology can be really useful in cases where an exact date is required,” researchers conclude.
Today, there are over 10,000,000 Uyghurs, spread over the geographical territory of several countries. Notably, over 1 million Uyghurs (up to 3 million, by some estimates) are said to be detained in concentration camps in Xianjiang, China.
Journal Reference: Margot Kuitems el al., “Radiocarbon-based approach capable of subannual precision resolves the origins of the site of Por-Bajin,” PNAS (2020).
NASA warns of another FIVE asteroids headed our way, after we MISSED one that passed closer than the MOON
NASA warns of another FIVE asteroids headed our way, after we MISSED one that passed closer than the MOON
NASA is reporting a rather rocky start to the week, as the Earth is set for at least five asteroid flybys. It comes hot on the heels of another asteroid unexpectedly whizzing between Earth and the Moon without anyone noticing.
Four of the five space rocks due to buzz the Earth this week were only spotted in May, raising concerns about just how prepared our planetary defenses are; While we caught them, we cut it very close if we needed to shoot them out of the sky or at least deflect them, our only two options to stave off an asteroid apocalypse at present.
Thankfully, the asteroids, ranging in size from 46 feet to 180 feet in diameter, will miss us by a safe margin of error of between 869,000 miles and 4.1 million miles, so there is no immediate concern about an impending fiery death raining down from the sky to top off the wildfires, pandemic, economic crises, and social and civil unrest which have plagued the Earth so far in 2020.
However, more worrying than this week’s celestial visitors is a guest who visited our backyard and left before anyone noticed – asteroid 2020 LD, which measures 400 ft/122 meters in diameter.
2020 LD passed between the Earth and the Moon, and was the largest space rock to do so since 2011, and no one knew until it was gone; it passed us on June 5, but wasn't discovered until June 7.
Having come within 80 percent of the distance between the Earth and the Moon, roughly 190,000 miles or 300,000km, astronomers at the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) calculated its trajectory after the fact.
So far, ATLAS has discovered 46 threatening “potentially hazardous asteroids” (PHAs) which measure larger than 500ft (140 meters) in diameter. While 2020 LD was not a planet killer, it was still larger than the Chelyabinsk asteroid which wreaked havoc on Siberia in 2013.
According to astrophysicists’ best current estimates, an asteroid with a diameter of 1,640ft (500m) or more is estimated to strike the Earth once every 130,000 years or so. On April 13, 2029, asteroid 99942 Apophis will graze our geostationary satellites in orbit around the planet.
With a diameter of 1,100 ft (340m), Apophis is not quite ‘planet killer’ in size, but it will mark the closest approach by one of the largest known asteroids expected to cross paths with the Earth in the near future.
Next up is Bennu, with a diameter of 1,610 ft (490m), which boasts a slim chance of striking Earth between 2175 and 2199. While still a considerable time away for us here on Earth, the clock is ticking in terms of organizing and assembling our planetary defenses in some tangible way.
The first planned ‘drill’ will take place in 2026, when NASA will attempt to deflect the asteroid Psyche using a so-called ‘kinetic impactor’. That is, of course, if we make it out of 2020 intact.
FBR 121102 has a staggering 157-day cycle, according to researchers, who studied the cosmic event during a four-year observation period.
The team used the the Lovell Telescope at England's Jodrell Bank Observatory.
Fast radio bursts (FRB) are one of the most mysterious events in the cosmos.
These powerful bursts of energy have stumped astronomers since they first discovered them in 2007. Since then, researchers have spotted evidence of more than 100 FRBs. And now, an international study team team believes it's uncovered new information about a well-known FRB that could shed light on how they form.
Over the course of four years, the scientists used the 250-foot-wide Lovell Telescope at Jodrell Bank Observatory in England to study FRB 121102, a previously discovered repeating radio burst. They found that FRB 121102—one of two known repeating FRBs—seemed to have a peculiar cycle, flaring up after 90 days and then vanishing for 67 days.
The other repeating fast radio burst, FRB 180916.J10158+56, has a much shorter cycle at just 16 days. The scientists posted their observations June 7 in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
"The discovery that at least some Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) repeat has ruled out cataclysmic events as the progenitors of these particular bursts," the authors wrote in their paper, which can read on arXiv.
While some astronomers have suspected a type of spinning neutron star called a magnetar could cause cause FRBs, Others have suggested they may be the work of extraterrestrial civilizations trying to reach out. This latest research may have ruled out the magnetar theory.
"Detecting a periodicity provides an important constraint on the origin of the bursts and the activity cycles could argue against a precessing neutron star," lead researcher Kaustubh Rajwade, of The University of Manchester, said in a press statement. The cyclical nature of these events suggests maybe they're linked to a binary system, where one object circles another, but more research is needed.
The 5 Most Sinister Meetings That Secretly Control The World (Video)
The 5 Most Sinister Meetings That Secretly Control The World (Video)
We’ve discussed the families who secretly rule the world and in this article, I will cover the meetings that take place to discuss the yearly agenda set by the ruling Elites and who attends the meetings.
5. Committee of 300
The Committee of 300, also known as The Olympians, is a group alleged to have been founded by the British aristocracy in 1727. Proponents of the theory alleging the Committee’s existence believe it to be an international council that organizes politics, commerce, banking, media, and the military for centralized global efforts.
4. Bohemian Grove
Bohemian Grove is a 2,700-acre (1,100 ha) campground located at 20601 Bohemian Avenue, in Monte Rio, California, belonging to a private San Francisco-based men’s art club known as the Bohemian Club. In mid-July each year, Bohemian Grove hosts a two-week, three-weekend encampment of some of the most prominent men in the world. The Bohemian Club’s all-male membership and guest list include artists, particularly musicians, as well as many prominent business leaders, government officials (including U.S. presidents), senior media executives, and people of power.
3. Bilderberg Group
The Bilderberg Group, Bilderberg conference, Bilderberg meetings, or Bilderberg Club is an annual private conference of 120 to 150 people of the European and North American political elite, experts from industry, finance, academia, and the media, established in 1954.
2. Trilateral Commission
The Trilateral Commission is a non-governmental, non-partisan discussion group founded by David Rockefeller[1] in July 1973, to foster closer cooperation among North America, Western Europe, and Japan.
1. Davos
Davos is host to the World Economic Forum (WEF), an annual meeting of global political and business elites (often referred to simply as Davos) and the home of one of Switzerland’s biggest ski resorts. At the end of every year, it serves as the site of the annual Spengler Cup ice hockey tournament, hosted by the HC Davos local hockey team.
The world’s largest waterfall is in the ocean, beneath the Denmark Strait.
View larger. | This infographic illustrates how a large underwater cataract (waterfall) naturally forms underneath the waves within the Denmark Strait. (A map in the upper right of the graphic shows the location of Denmark Strait, between Greenland and Iceland.) Warmer surface waters flow northward. These warmer waters gradually lose heat to the atmosphere and sink. Denser, cold water flows southward in a deep current along the sea floor over an undersea ridge in the Strait. The height of the Denmark Strait cataract is approximately 11,500 feet (3,500 meters). By comparison, the largest waterfall on land is 3,212 feet (980 meters). Image via NOAA.
Rivers flowing into Earth’s gorges create waterfalls that are natural wonders, drawing millions of visitors. But Earth’s largest and most powerful waterfall doesn’t attract many tourists. That’s because it lies beneath the ocean, under theDenmark Strait, which separates Iceland and Greenland.
The waterfall – known as the Denmark Strait cataract – under the Denmark Strait near the southern tip of Greenland – begins 2,000 feet (600 meters) under the ocean surface and plunges to a depth of 10,000 feet (3,000 meters), nearly a 2-mile (3.2 km) drop.
The Denmark Strait.
Image via Wikipedia.
The Denmark Strait cataract is more than 3 times the height of Angel Falls in Venezuela, which is considered Earth’s tallest waterfall (on land). And the Denmark Strait cataract carries an estimated 123 million cubic feet (3.5 million cubic meters) of water per second. That’s equivalent to almost 2,000 Niagara Falls at peak flow.
Angel Falls in Venezuela, the tallest waterfall on land, is 3 times shorter than the Denmark Strait cataract, and Niagara Falls carries 2,000 times less water, even during peak flows.
But how can there be waterfalls in the ocean? It’s because cold water is denser than warm water, and in the Denmark Strait, southward-flowing frigid water from the Nordic Seas meets warmer water from the Irminger Sea. The cold, dense water quickly sinks below the warmer water and flows over the huge drop in the ocean floor, creating a downward flow estimated at well over 123 million cubic feet (3.5 million cubic meters) per second. Because it flows beneath the ocean surface, however, the massive turbulence of the Denmark Strait goes completely undetected without the aid of scientific instruments.
When the water from the Denmark Strait cataract reaches the ocean floor, it forms a massive current traveling south, replacing warmer surface water that’s flowing north. The amount of water in this gigantic flow equals between 20 and 40 times the sum of all river water that flows into the Atlantic.
Bottom line: Earth’s largest waterfall – known as the Denmark Strait cataract – is under the ocean.
Scientists have discovered more than 4,000 planets outside our solar system. In the search for intelligent life, astrophysicists including the University of Rochester's Adam Frank are seeking the physical and chemical signatures that would indicate advanced technology. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
In 1995 a pair of scientists discovered a planet outside our solar system orbiting a solar-type star. Since that finding—which won the scientists a portion of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics—researches have discovered more than 4,000 exoplanets, including some Earth-like planets that may have the potential to harbor life.
In order to detect if planets are harboring life, however, scientists must first determine what features indicate that life is (or once was) present.
Over the last decade, astronomers have expended great effort trying to find what traces of simple forms of life—known as "biosignatures"—might exist elsewhere in the universe. But what if an alien planet hosted intelligent life that built a technological civilization? Could there be "technosignatures" that a civilization on another world would create that could be seen from Earth? And, could these technosignatures be even easier to detect than biosignatures?
Adam Frank, a professor of physics and astronomy at the University of Rochester, has received a grant from NASA that will enable him to begin to answer these questions. The grant will fund his study of technosignatures—detectable signs of past or present technology used on other planets. This is the first NASA non-radio technosignature grant ever awarded and represents an exciting new direction for the search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI). The grant will allow Frank, along with collaborators Jacob-Haqq Misra from the international nonprofit organization Blue Marble Space, Manasvi Lingam from the Florida Institute of Technology, Avi Loeb from Harvard University, and Jason Wright from Pennsylvania State University, to produce the first entries in an online technosignature library.
"SETI has always faced the challenge of figuring out where to look," Frank says. "Which stars do you point your telescope at and look for signals? Now we know where to look. We have thousands of exoplanets including planets in the habitable zone where life can form. The game has changed."
The nature of the search has changed as well. A civilization, by nature, will need to find a way to produce energy, and, Frank says, "there are only so many forms of energy in the universe. Aliens are not magic."
Although life may take many forms, it will always be based in the same physical and chemical principles that underlie the universe. The same connection holds for building a civilization; any technology that an alien civilization uses is going to be based on physics and chemistry. That means researchers can use what they've learned in Earth-bound labs to guide their thinking about what may have happened elsewhere in the universe.
"My hope is that, using this grant, we will quantify new ways to probe signs of alien technological civilizations that are similar or much more advanced to our own," says Loeb, the Frank B. Baird, Jr., Professor of Science at Harvard.
The researchers will begin the project by looking at two possible technosignatures that might indicate technological activity on another planet:
Solar panels. Stars are one of the most powerful energy generators in the universe. On Earth, we harness energy from our star, the sun, so "using solar energy would be a pretty natural thing for other civilizations to do," Frank says. If a civilization uses a lot of solar panels, the light that is reflected from the planet would have a certain spectral signature—a measurement of the wavelengths of light that are reflected or absorbed—indicating the presence of those solar collectors. The researchers will determine the spectral signatures of large-scale planetary solar energy collection.
Pollutants."We have come a long way toward understanding how we might detect life on other worlds from the gases present in those worlds' atmospheres," says Wright, a professor of astronomy and astrophysics at Penn State. On Earth, we are able to detect chemicals in our atmosphere by the light the chemicals absorb. Some examples of these chemicals include methane, oxygen, and artificial gases such as the chloroflourocarbons (CFCs) we once used as refrigerants. Biosignature studies focus on chemicals like methane, which simple life will produce. Frank and his colleagues will catalogue the signatures of chemicals, such as CFCs, that indicate the presence of an industrial civilization.
The information will be gathered in an online library of technosignatures that astrophysicists will be able to use as a comparative tool when gathering data.
"Our job is to say, 'this wavelength band is where you might see certain types of pollutants, this wavelength band is where you would see sunlight reflected off solar panels," Frank says. "This way astronomers observing a distant exoplanet will know where and what to look for if they're searching for technosignatures."
Our planet exists within the vicinity of thousands of Near-Earth Objects (NEOs), some of which—potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs)—carry the risk of impacting Earth and causing major damage to infrastructure and loss of life. Methods to mitigate such a collision are highly desirable. A new paper published in EPJ Special Topics, authored by Flaviane Venditti, Planetary Radar Department, Arecibo Observatory, University of Central Florida, suggests the use of a tether assisted system to prevent PHA impact.
The method suggested by Venditti and her colleagues involves using the tether—previously suggested for other uses, such as space/lunar elevators and tethered satellite systems—to connect the threatening PHA to another, smaller, asteroid, thus changing the center of mass of the two and hopefully raising the PHA to a safer orbit.
Each potential PHA impact mitigation method carries with it its own set of benefits and risks. A considerable risk associated with 'high-impact' mitigation techniques, such as the detonation of explosives at the surface of the PHA, is fragmentation. This makes methods which gradually alter the orbit of a PHA, and thus prevent the break up of such an object, look like a less risky prospect. The tether system carries with it little risk of causing fragmentation and smaller pieces of the PHA falling to earth, something which could itself cause widespread damage.
Using the asteroid Bennu as a test subject, the team used computer simulations to calculate the dynamics of such a tether system for a variety of different initial conditions, concluding that it would be feasible for use as a planetary defense system. The team also suggest that the system could be of use in both the study and potential mining of NEOs and other asteroids.
One of the likely drawbacks of such a method is the fact that it could require a longer lead time than many high impact methods which quickly deliver kinetic energy to a PHA to knock it out of orbit. Thus, the continued cataloging of such objects is needed if such a method is ever to be viable.
Fast radio bursts have been getting all of the “mysterious signals” publicity lately, so it’s easy to see why other mysterious signals have been overlooked. That’s no longer the case with one in particular, despite the new paper announcing them with the unwieldy description of “Excess Electronic Recoil Events.” What should make everyone recoil is that these signals are coming from experiments attempting to find dark matter and the 163 scientists conducting them can’t explain the messages.
“This is really a rather surprising result. The excess measurements do not show up in our main analysis, but rather in our background events. It’s really curious in many ways. Unexpected for sure. Unclear as to what causes this. It’s certainly some new effect that we hadn’t considered before.”
In a press release by Purdue University, Rafael Lang, an associate professor of physics and astronomy at the school and one of the 163 scientists, uses some words you don’t want to hear from people playing with particle accelerators looking for dark matter. Lang is part of the Xenon Collaboration working at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, an underground particle physics facility in the Abruzzo Mountains of Italy north of Rome.
“The XENON1T experiment, employing a liquid-xenon time projection chamber (LXe TPC), was primarily designed to detect Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) dark matter. Due to its unprecedentedly low background rate, large target mass, and low energy threshold, XENON1T is also sensitive to interactions from alternative dark matter candidates and to other physics beyond the Standard Model (SM).”
Xenon is also used in car headlights
Xenon (Xe) is used as propellant for ion thrusters in spacecraft, so it’s not a element to be fooled with lightly. In this case, it’s being used to detect WIMP dark matter hitting a xenon nucleus and causing a signal or ‘recoil’ – a search that has been going on there for 14 years without success. To pass the time, bored particle physicists began using the XENON1T to search for other hypothetical particles banging into things besides xenon nuclei. That’s when they found 53 additional recoils they couldn’t account for. They’ve spent the last year secretly trying to figure out what they are.
“The question is: Is this some known physics, such as a tiny contamination with tritium, or is this the tip of the iceberg pointing to truly new physics, beyond what we know from textbooks? We simply don’t know at this point.”
That’s not very comforting, Professor Lang. What the large team has settled on is three theoretical possibilities: a solar axion (a hypothetical particle found in the sun similar to a photon but with a tiny amount of mass), a new kind of neutrino (known subatomic particles that pass through all matter – except when collide with something) or tritium, a rare hydrogen isotope whose presence would indicate an error in the data). Obviously, they’re hoping it’s a solar axiom, which would make it a component of dark matter.
Particle accelerator
So which one is it? The answer is a good news/bad news one. The bad news is, the Xenon1T detector was shut down in December 2018 for an upgrade. The good news is, the upgrade – which will be finished soon — increases the amount of liquid xenon while decreasing the amount of background noise. Will that give these 163 frustrated researchers the answer?
“It’s like a puzzle with no missing pieces. Except that we still have a bunch of questions that this model doesn’t address. For example, what is dark matter? Why is there matter in the universe at all? So, we expect that there is this entirely other puzzle that we can play with. These questions need answers, but we don’t have our foot in the door of that one. The discovery of any new particle, such as axions, would be that foot in the door.”
For those who have been stuck at home due to the coronavirus shutdown and passing the time by assembling jigsaws, “a puzzle with no missing pieces” but still unsolved sounds like a nightmare. So does messing with dark matter. Let’s hope it’s not.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
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