Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS NEARLY 13 YEARS AND 4 MONTH.
ON /30/09/2024 MORE THAN 2.230.520
VISITORS FROM 135 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
25-06-2020
Ancient Boat In NASA Rover Landing Area, 3 Meters Away! NASA Source, UFO Sighting News.
Ancient Boat In NASA Rover Landing Area, 3 Meters Away! NASA Source, UFO Sighting News.
Date of discovery: June 24, 2020 Location of discovery: Mars, Sol 630 Source photo:
The original NASA photo is dark so I added light and nothing else. As you see in the above gif, the boat itself is just 3 meters away from the NASA rover landing spot. That makes this a very suspicious landing location. Obviously NASA knew about this ancient boat structure and deliberately landed the rover in this location because then are on a secret mission to retrieve alien technology. Originally I found this back in 2016 but recently realized that this landing location couldn't possibly be a coincidence. NASA never choses a landing spot on guess. They put a lot of thought and detailed analysis into finding this spot. They knew about that boat structure and that it is a sign of a ancient alien village location. Scott C. Waring - Taiwan
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- Gemiddelde waardering: 0/5 - (0 Stemmen) Categorie:Ruins, strange artifacts on other planets, moons, ed ( Fr, EN, NL )
"City in the Sky" - Bizarre Phenomenon Appears Above Clouds!
"City in the Sky" - Bizarre Phenomenon Appears Above Clouds.
Look at this bizarre phenomenon. it resembling a city that appears to be floating on a cloud. Often these kinds of phenomena are explained as something otherworldly, like a projection from a parallel universe.
Perhaps some of these phenomena are indeed related to supernatural activities, but in this case it is an upward projecting mirage.
The optical phenomenon occurs because rays of light are bent when they pass through air layers of different temperatures in a steep thermal inversion where an atmospheric duct has formed. Nevertheless, it is fascinating to witness such a spectacle in the sky.
The "city in the sky" starts at 8.50 minutes in the latest video of MrMb333 who also reports on various other topics such as the enormous plume of dust, already nicknamed "the gorilla dust cloud" from the he Sahara desert in northern Africa which has been traversing the atmosphere, thousands of feet above the Atlantic Ocean, and now closing in on the southeastern United States.
These two unidentified flying objects were filmed in the night sky above Columbus, Ohio on 20th June 2020. This was submitted to me through our Facebook page.
Witness report:
saw these two red orbs hovering in the sky on June 20, 2020 @ 11:38pm Columbus, OH
Check out this amazing book about the top 10 UFO cases in the history.
Ancient Aliens – The Real Men in Black History Channel, Season 15 Episode 4 15th February 2020
After UFO crashes or sightings strange people appear to investigate about the crash and call themselves Men In Black. And their visitation are recorded by eyewitnesses in Maury Island and crash landrum UFO cases.
Has Manchester Become a New Hotspot for UFO Sightings? Real Evidence!
Has Manchester Become a New Hotspot for UFO Sightings? Real Evidence!
The citizens of Manchester, England. have been photographing and filming numerous extraordinary objects in the sky. Steve Mera, researcher and author, has revealed some incidents that have been reported to him that are yet to be rationalized. No one knows what is going on in the skies of Manchester, reports continue to come in.
Square-shaped UFO appears underneath the International Space Station
Square-shaped UFO appears underneath the International Space Station
Awhile go, a strange square shaped object has been spotted on the ISS live feed. The unknown flying object was apparently noticed by the crew of the ISS since they appear to focus the lens of the camera on the object.
Although there is no clear answer to what the object could have been, it may be that it is part of a secret military or scientific experiment testing some new technology in space which was accidentally captured on the live feed.
Ancient Aliens – Destination Chile History Channel, Season 15 Episode 3 8th February 2020
Researchers investigate about the Atacama Humanoid geoglyph and its possibility to be of an alien race. More evidence is derived by looking at the evidence of 2014 Chilean UFO case and Chilean government admitting it to be UFO.
This day in UFO history: The Famous Kenneth Arnold Sighting that Resulted in the Popularity of the term “Flying Saucer”
This day in UFO history:The Famous Kenneth Arnold Sighting that Resulted in the Popularity of the term “Flying Saucer”
Kenneth Arnold
Unidentified flying objects (UFOs) have been in existence for millennia with depictions in ancient civilizations through art and literature from the Greeks and Romans to the Sumerians and Egyptians.
The modern era of UFOs started around the time rockets and advanced aircraft were often flying in a secretive way. Perhaps coincidence or paranoia. In any event, the UFO sighting of civilian pilot Kenneth Arnold in 1947 has gained a lot of attention and raised many eyebrows.
While flying his small aircraft, Arnold claimed to have spotted nine blue, glowing objects flying incredibly at an estimated 1,700 mph in a V formation near Washington’s Mount Rainier on June 24, 1947.
Arnold’s UFO sighting took place two years after WWII and the first year of the Cold War. He first thought the mysterious objects to be some new military aircraft, but the military confirmed there were no tests carried out near Mount Rainier that day. Arnold described the UFOs’ motion similar to a saucer being skipped across the water. Then the media coined the now-famous phrase “flying saucer.”
Other reports of a group of 9 UFOs soon cropped up across the region, including sightings by the crew of a commercial flight in Idaho and a prospector on Mount Adams. No credible explanation for the sightings from the government, which claimed that Arnold was hallucinating or had seen a mirage. However, UFO mania had set in, and a few weeks later, the famous Roswell sighting would continue the obsession.
Egyptian Power Plant of Giza… The Construction and Function of the Great Pyramid
Egyptian Power Plant of Giza… The Construction and Function of the Great Pyramid
Were power tools used to build the great pyramids? The great pyramid of Giza was built with the precision of a machine, and Christopher Dunn explains that it therefore must have the function of a machine. Combining his extensive background as a master craftsman in high-level aerospace manufacturing with his years of research on the Giza plateau, he brings forward new insights into the construction and function of the great pyramid.
What comes to light is the nature of the tools used to carve and move stones, something that could only have been done with massive power tools. But where did the power come from?
A media phenomenon, Coast to Coast AM deals with UFOs, strange occurrences, life after death, and other unexplained (and often inexplicable) phenomena.
Secret Advanced Ancient Egyptian Science, so Inexplicable it Is Beyond Our Capabilities Today
Secret Advanced Ancient Egyptian Science, so Inexplicable it Is Beyond Our Capabilities Today
The great temples and monuments of ancient Egypt continue to fascinate and … As the civilization advanced, so did their knowledge and skill until, by the time of the … amount of effort required in building the monuments one finds in Egypt today. … Verner, M. The Pyramids: The Mystery, Culture, and Science of Egypt’s Great …
Egyptians are the people inhabiting the country of Egypt. Egyptian identity is closely tied to geography. The population is concentrated in the lower Nile Valley, a small strip of cultivable land stretching from the First Cataract to the Mediterranean and enclosed by desert both to the east and to the west. This unique geography has been the basis of the development of Egyptian society since antiquity.
Secret Advanced Ancient Egyptian Science, So Inexplicable It is Beyond Our Capabilities Today
Hundreds Of White Spheres Over California, VIDEO, June 18, 2020, UFO Sighting News.
Hundreds Of White Spheres Over California,VIDEO, June 18, 2020, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: June 18, 2020
Location of sighting: Benicia, California, USA
Source: MUFON
Watch as this family panics trying to get the mother to come out of the house to see the UFO fleet above. They were so scared that they shook while holding the camera and only caught the fleet in about 30% of the video. Thats what makes me know its real. Its a real authentic reaction to such an event. Awesome video, but to see them well, please pause the video at parts. I made some close ups in the video so please make it full screen when you watch.
Please support my work by subscribing to my youtube channel ET DATA BASE. Thanks,
Scott C. Waring
Eyewitness states:
White orbs seen high in the sky from backyard. Approximately 3 or so at first appearance , three objects looked like they were dropped from the sky and coming toward earth, meanwhile noticed the 100 or so orbs farther up in the sky. Orbs stayed in random, stationary pattern then most of the group floated East, while apx six orbs remained hovering In groups of two. Through binoculars it appeared that an elongated object was hanging down from the center, bottom of the closer orbs but still to far away to see definition. First segments of video clip show Orbs as white dots in the sky. Stop video to view orbs more definitively.
Glowing Disk Hovers Over Tree Stump Lighting It Up, Hunter Cam Footage, UFO Sighting News.
Glowing Disk Hovers Over Tree Stump Lighting It Up, Hunter Cam Footage, UFO Sighting News.
Date of sighting: May 19, 2020
Location of sighting: St Ludger, California, USA
Source: MUFON #109651
This UFO was captured on a hunters camera in California last month. The camera shows a tree stump with a block of salt and some other food on it. To the upper right sites a glowing object thats seems to be disk shaped. The disk has a light shining down from it onto the tree stump. It almost looks like a scene from a classic alien movie doest it? The classic disk design is wider on the edges and has a hump on its upper and lower center areas. The UFO appears to be 1.5 meters across. This is absolute proof that aliens and UFOs are highly interested in everything on Earth, not just humans.
Scott C. Waring
Eyewitness states:
It’s a photo taken with a hunter camera. The camera takes 3 shots in burst in 3 seconds. There was only one object on the one in the middle, the photos before and after had nothing special. It would be better to you to email me, not phone, because I don't speak english.
These multiple bright UFOs were caught on tape in the daytime sky above Benicia in California on 19th June 2020.
Witness report:
White orbs in clear blue sky. White orbs seen high in the sky from backyard. Approximately 3 or so at first appearance , three objects looked like they were dropped from the sky and coming toward earth, meanwhile noticed the 100 or so orbs farther up in the sky. Orbs stayed in random, stationary pattern then most of the group floated East, while apx six orbs remained hovering In groups of two. Through binoculars it appeared that an elongated object was hanging down from the center, bottom of the closer orbs but still to far away to see definition. First segments of video clip show Orbs as white dots in the sky. Stop video to view orbs more definitively.
Ancient Aliens – The Relics of Roswel History Channel, Season 15 Episode 2 1st February 2020
Recent evidence of kimbler UFO metal about the evidence of famous Roswell crash in New Mexico in 1947 and alien bodies discovered. The researchers put an link with quasi crystal found in Russia.
Ancient Aliens – The Mystery of Nan Madol History Channel, Season 15 Episode 1 25th January 2020
Researchers investigate about the mysterious man made islets in Micronesia. The island is supposed to have been made by strange visitors using levitation technology.
“For the dinosaurs, the worst-case scenario is exactly what happened … because it put more hazardous debris into the upper atmosphere and scattered it everywhere, the very thing that led to a nuclear winter.”
Artist’s concept of the fiery meteor that struck Earth 66 million years ago, bringing the age of dinosaurs to an end.
New computer simulations by an international team of researchers suggest the asteroid that doomed the dinosaurs, 66 million years ago, struck Earth at the “deadliest possible” angle. That is, these researchers say, it struck at an angle of about 60 degrees, thereby maximizing the amount of climate-changing gases thrust into the upper atmosphere. Such a strike would have unleashed billions of tons of sulphur into the air, blocking the sun, and triggering a nuclear winter that killed the dinosaurs and 75 percent of life on Earth at the time.
All of this is according to a study published May 26, 2020 in the peer-reviewed journal Nature Communications,
The – from Imperial College London, the University of Freiburg, and the University of Texas at Austin – examined the shape and subsurface structure of the Chicxulub meteorite crater in what’s now Mexico. Afterwards, they used that geophysical data to create computer models of the event. Their computer simulations helped them diagnose the impact angle and direction of the incoming meteor. They said in a statement that the new models are:
… the first ever fully 3D simulations to reproduce the whole event, from the initial impact to the moment the final crater.
Gareth Collins, of Imperial College London is the new work’s lead author. Collins said:
For the dinosaurs, the worst-case scenario is exactly what happened. The asteroid strike unleashed an incredible amount of climate-changing gases into the atmosphere, triggering a chain of events that led to the extinction of the dinosaurs. This was likely worsened by the fact that it struck at one of the deadliest possible angles.
Our simulations provide compelling evidence that the asteroid struck at a steep angle, perhaps 60 degrees above the horizon, and approached its target from the north-east. We know that this was among the worst-case scenarios for the lethality on impact, because it put more hazardous debris into the upper atmosphere and scattered it everywhere – the very thing that led to a nuclear winter.
Gravity map showing asymmetries in the Chicxulub crater reflect the asteroid’s impact angle. Read more about this map.
The upper layers of earth around the Chicxulub crater contain high amounts of water as well as porous carbonate and evaporite rocks. When heated and disturbed by the impact, these rocks would have decomposed, says the study, flinging vast amounts of carbon dioxide, sulphur and water vapor into the atmosphere. According to the research:
The sulphur would have been particularly hazardous as it rapidly forms aerosols – tiny particles that would have blocked the sun’s rays, halting photosynthesis in plants and rapidly cooling the climate. This eventually contributed to the mass extinction event that killed 75 per cent of life on Earth.
It turns out that an impact angle of about 60 degrees is ideal for hurling as much vapour into the air as possible, Collins told New Scientist. If the asteroid ha came in from straight overhead, he said, the asteroid would have smashed up more rock but not sent as much into the atmosphere, and if it was more of a glancing blow, less rock would have been vaporized.
The analysis by these researchers was also informed by recent results from drilling into the 125 mile (200 km) wide crater, which brought up rocks containing evidence of the extreme forces generated by the impact. Read about how the scientists conducted the study here.
Bottom line:A new study suggests that the asteroid that doomed the dinosaurs struck Earth at an angle of about 60 degrees, which maximized the amount of climate-changing gases thrust into the upper atmosphere.
MARS 2020: NASA WILL FLY A HELICOPTER ACROSS THE MARTIAN SURFACE
MARS 2020: NASA WILL FLY A HELICOPTER ACROSS THE MARTIAN SURFACE
This week marks the 30-day milestone until the launch window of July 20-August 11, 2020 opens for NASA's Perseverance rover and its journey to Mars.
For nearly 20 years, NASA has been sending out robotic rovers to the Red Planet where they roamed the dusty surface on their own for years.
However, the latest addition to the rover family will have a tiny companion by its side, or rather hovering above it.
NASA is testing out its ability to fly a helicopter on another planet with the upcoming mission to Mars as the Ingenuity helicopter hitches a ride along with the rover to the Red Planet. Ingenuity will be strapped up to the Perseverance rover's belly for the ride, covered by a shield to protect it during landing.
Once the duo has landed on Mars in February, 2021, the shield covering will drop and Ingenuity will separate from its robotic companion.
After it detaches itself from the rover, Ingenuity will fly solo in a series of test flights. The pair will be apart by at least 160 feet before they each start doing their own thing, although Perseverance will still keep a watchful eye on its sidekick as it records the helicopter's first attempts at flight using its onboard cameras.
The Ingenuity helicopter will test out NASA's ability to fly a helicopter on another world.NASA
"The thing that has me the most excited as the NASA administrator is getting ready to watch a helicopter fly on another world," NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine said during a press conference that previewed the mission on June 17. "That's something that's never been done before in human history, and here we are."
Over the course of 30 Martian days (a day on Mars is about 40 minutes longer than it is on Earth), a team of NASA engineers on the ground will test out Ingenuity's ability to fly. But they're going to take things slow.
For its first flight, the helicopter will take off a few feet off the ground and hover in the air for around 20 to 30 seconds. Although brief, those first seconds of flight will be considered a major milestone as the first powered flight in the thin Martian atmosphere, much different than our own world. Mars' atmosphere is less than one percent the density of Earth's atmosphere.
After proving it can fly, the Ingenuity helicopter will attempt more flights, each one with further distance and a higher altitude than the one before it.
"Getting it to Mars, getting it safely off the vehicle, we're going to learn a lot," Matt Wallace, deputy project manager for the Mars 2020 mission, said during the press conference. "We are not looking for an extensive and ambitious return from this technology, we're looking to learn those first few things that we need to learn."
The helicopter could fly for up to 90 seconds, to distances of almost 980 feet at a time and about 10 to 15 feet above the ground.
Ingenuity weighs about four pounds on Earth, and will weigh 1.5 pounds on Mars. It is powered through solar panels, that charge up its lithium-ion batteries for one 90-second flight per Martian day.
The Perseverance rover will join Curiosity rover, which landed on Mars back in August, 2012, and is still roaming the Red Planet to this day.
NASA previously sent two other rovers to Mars, Spirit and Opportunity, which landed on the Red Planet in January, 2004. Spirit ended its mission in 2010 — way past its planned 90-day expedition on the planet — while Opportunity tragically lost contact with Earth in 2018 after a massive dust storm swept over Mars.
The goal of the Perseverance mission will be to look for clues of ancient life on Mars, and understand the history of the planet that scientists believed was once a wet, habitable world.
The mission will also test out conditions for possible human exploration of Mars by trialing a method of producing oxygen from the Martian atmosphere, characterizing environmental conditions such as water and dust on Mars, and looking for resources.
PLANETS WITH OCEANS OF LAVA MAY HAVE GIVEN US METEORITES
PLANETS WITH OCEANS OF LAVA MAY HAVE GIVEN US METEORITES
ESO
DAN ROBITZSKI
Hellfire
Scientists have been perplexed by the origins of chondrules — the tiny, mysterious spheres found in many of the meteorites that have crashed into Earth. But now, they’ve got a new hypothesis for where they came from, and it may be the most brutal space theory so far.
As the idea goes, tiny proto-planets covered in oceans of lava — yes, lava planets, as seen in science fiction everywhere from Star Wars to Star Trek to Star Fox — may have incinerated asteroids as they flew by, melting then flash-freezing bubbles (the chondrules) into them in the process, according to The New York Times. If it’s true, then it means that probing these chondrules could give scientists a rare glimpse into the hellish early days of our solar system.
No Good Answers
The research, presented this month at the American Astronomical Society’s meeting, is still imperfect — chondrules and the meteorites that contain them continue to elude an easy description.
But this new explanation checks many boxes, and it’s almost poetic that, as the NYT reports, it mirrors an early 19th-century description of chondrules as “droplets of fiery rain.”
Circling Back
Interestingly enough, the idea that meteors bubbled as they flew past lava oceans suggests that chondrules would be extremely rare — yet chondrule-packed chondrites make up 86 percent of the meteorites that hit Earth. And some of them even have chondrules that seem to have melted on two separate occasions, Rowan University researcher Harold Connolly, a critic of the theory, told the NYT.
“Chondrule formation is just a really thorny problem,” University of Manchester researcher Rhian Jones told the NYT. “So anytime somebody comes up with something completely different it’s very welcome, because we don’t have the answer.”
Although Pluto orbits the sun at an average distance of 3.7 billion miles (5.9 billion kilometers), some studies claim that the icy dwarf planet may havea liquid ocean under its surface. According to a new study, the accretion of new material during Pluto’s early geological history may have generated enough heat to sustain the formation of this ocean, which would go on to continuously freeze over billions of years.
Extensional faults (arrows) on the surface of Pluto may have been created by the freezing of a subsurface ocean. Credit: NASA/Alex Parker.
Pluto is so far away from the sun that it lies inside the Kuiper Belt, a group of rocks and ice left over from the formation of the solar system. It’s really no wonder that today the planet looks like a barren ball of ice and rock.
However, detailed images of Pluto’s surface taken during flybys by NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft have revealed intriguing geological features that can tell us many things about the dwarf planet’s past.
According to Francis Nimmo, a professor of Earth and planetary sciences at UC Santa Cruz, Pluto’s surface shows evidence of both ancient and modern extensions of its surface. This suggests that Pluto may have been ‘hot’ during its early days.
To understand why this matters, we have to make a brief tangent to talk about how water freezes. Most liquids shrink when they are cooled because molecules are moving slower, making them less able to overcome the attractive intermolecular forces that draw them closer together. When the freezing point is reached, the substance solidifies in a tightly packed crystalline matrix.
Water is an exception to this chemical behavior. Liquid water also contracts when cooled, but only until it is chilled to approximately 4 degrees Celsius. If you cool water past this threshold, it will actually expand slightly. Cool it further to its freezing point and the water will expand by about 9%.
So, water expands when it freezes and contracts when it melts — and this has important implications for Pluto’s history.
“If Pluto had a subsurface ocean shortly after it formed, that ocean would have been continuously freezing over solar system history. That would cause Pluto to be expanding and that would result in specific geologic features we can look for. In contrast, if Pluto started with a cold ice shell, that ice would have warmed and melted slowly from the heat of radioactive decay forming an ocean. That ocean would have been refreezing in more recent times as the heat from radioactive decay waned. This would lead to early compressional tectonics followed by later extension,” Carver Bierson, UCSC graduate student and co-author of the new study, told ZME Science.
If Pluto had a ‘cold start’, compression on its surface would have occurred early on, followed by more recent extensions. However, if it had a hot start, then extension would have occurred throughout Pluto’s history — and this seems to be the case, current observations suggest.
“When we look at the surface of Pluto we don’t see any clearly compressional features even on the oldest terrains. We do see many extensional features, most of which are recent. The oldest tectonic features we see look to be extensional, but are hard to interpret because they are so eroded. Taken together we think this favors Pluto’s ocean already being present very early in Pluto’s history,” Bierson added.
Pluto’s hot past
Where could all this energy have come from? Pluto is too far from the sun to be of consequential difference, which leaves us with only two main possible sources of energy.
One is the heat released through the decay of radioactive elements in the rock, the other is gravitational energy released during impact with asteroids and other cosmic bodies. Early in the solar system’s history, it was quite common for planets to be bombarded by asteroids and meteorites.
Calculations performed by the researchers suggest that if all of that gravitational energy was retained as heat, Pluto could have supported an initial liquid ocean.
In reality, however, we know that is simply not possible — some of that energy will escape into space.
“How Pluto was put together in the first place matters a lot for its thermal evolution,” Nimmo said in a press release. “If it builds up too slowly, the hot material at the surface radiates energy into space, but if it builds up fast enough the heat gets trapped inside.”
The researchers found that if Pluto formed over a period of less than 30,000 years, then it would have most certainly been hot. If it took a couple million years for accretion of proto-Pluto to take place, then a hot start would only be possible if a large impactor buried its energy deep beneath the surface.
“If Pluto’s ocean was there early on it raises another question, “What was the heat source to form that ocean?” Today Pluto sits in an extremely cold part of the solar system. Its surface temperature is about 45 Kelvin (-480 Fahrenheit). When Pluto was forming new material would have been coming in and impacting its surface. Each impact is like an explosion that will warm the nearby area. If Pluto formed slowly, the surface would cool between each impact and generally stay very cold. If however Pluto formed quickly you have impact on top of impact and the surface doesn’t have time to cool. We calculate that if Pluto formed in less than 30000 years the heat from these impacts could have been sufficient to lead to an early ocean,” Bierson said.
There are a lot of assumptions and ‘ifs’ in this study, but if the findings are confirmed, other large objects in the Kuiper belt likely started out hot, possibly harboring oceans billions of years ago.
What’s intriguing is that these oceans could persist to this day in the largest objects in the belt, such as the dwarf planets Eris and Makemake, shielded under a blanket of thick ice.
“Pluto is the first Kuiper Belt object we visited and what we found was amazing. There is no reason to think that Pluto’s neighbors (Eris, Makemake, Haumea) are any less interesting. From this work, we suggest that they also should have formed with oceans, but we don’t know if they would have completely refrozen over solar system history. Up to now, we haven’t been able to see those worlds as more than points of light in the night sky. This is hard because the Kuiper belt is very very far away. It took New Horizons 9 years from launch to Pluto and it was one of the fastest spacecraft ever launched. Still, I am optimistic that with new telescopes and maybe a future mission we can keep unlocking their secrets,” Bierson concluded.
Beste bezoeker, Heb je zelf al ooit een vreemde waarneming gedaan, laat dit dan even weten via email aan Frederick Delaere opwww.ufomeldpunt.be. Deze onderzoekers behandelen jouw melding in volledige anonimiteit en met alle respect voor jouw privacy. Ze zijn kritisch, objectief maar open minded aangelegd en zullen jou steeds een verklaring geven voor jouw waarneming! DUS AARZEL NIET, ALS JE EEN ANTWOORD OP JOUW VRAGEN WENST, CONTACTEER FREDERICK. BIJ VOORBAAT DANK...
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 74 jaar jong.
Mijn hobby's zijn: Ufologie en andere esoterische onderwerpen.
Op deze blog vind je onder artikels, werk van mezelf. Mijn dank gaat ook naar André, Ingrid, Oliver, Paul, Vincent, Georges Filer en MUFON voor de bijdragen voor de verschillende categorieën...
Veel leesplezier en geef je mening over deze blog.
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