The Vatican's Biggest Secret!

The Vatican’s Biggest Secret! 

Centuries-Old Mysteries – Aliens, Church, and Vatican’s Secrets

For millennia, a curious connection between religion and the UFO phenomenon has intrigued humanity. Dive into the realm of religious art, paintings, and tapestries, unveiling the hidden significance of UFO depictions in sacred works. Delve into the Vatican’s possible knowledge on the matter. Has the Catholic Church’s hierarchy encountered extraterrestrial contact? Discover the secrets concealed within ancient traditions.

RELATED VIDEOS

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

06-08-2023 om 23:47 geschreven door peter  

Is the Government CONCEALING the Truth About ALIENS? Body Language Expert Weighs In on U.S. Congress UFO/UAP Debate!

In a rare move, the halls of Congress opened to a debate that seemed to be out of this world – literally. A historic hearing on Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAPs) brought together key figures from various backgrounds to testify about what’s really happening in our skies.

A Clash of Perspectives

The witnesses, including Graves, Grusch, Fraver, and a certain Mr. Burleson, presented a dramatic juxtaposition of beliefs. While some seemed willing to accept the idea of extraterrestrial involvement, others, like Mr. Burleson, played the role of the skeptic, pushing the panel for hard facts and clear answers.

The atmosphere was electric. The room’s tension was palpable as Burleson stared down others, eyebrows furrowed in disbelief. Gates, on the other hand, displayed an open acceptance, his language filled with conviction. The exchange between these two men was nothing short of a theatrical performance. They stared at each other, challenging each other’s views while trying to find common ground.

• 6 UFO GOVERNMENT COVER-UPS | The Proof Is Out There

Questions, Conflicts, and Inconsistencies

As the hearing progressed, inconsistencies began to emerge, particularly from those testifying about their direct or indirect experiences with UAPs. They were asked about everything from physical harm caused by either non-humans or the government to direct sightings of spacecraft and even non-human bodies.

But the answers were often conflicting and, at times, downright confusing. Some witnesses claimed to know specifics about UAPs, while others were vaguer or even contradicting previous statements.

For example, one moment was when a question about whether UAPs were interested in human nuclear technology was met with confident affirmatives from some and more ambiguous answers from others. How could they know what these unexplained phenomena were interested in? The contradictions raised more questions than answers.

The Mystery Deepens

What emerged from the hearing was a fascinating glimpse into the ongoing debate surrounding UAPs, but it was also a frustrating one. There were promises of extraordinary evidence, but these were often met with the reply of “that’s classified.” Those seeking concrete answers were left wanting more.

VIDEO:

• Is the Government HIDING ALIENS?! Body Language Analyst Reacts to U.S. Congress UFO/UAP Hearing!

Even the so-called whistleblowers, like David Grusch, seemed to be playing by someone else’s rules, hinting at deep truths but remaining confined within the guidelines set by their superiors. The lines between truth, belief, and regulation blurred, leaving the audience to ponder what was real and what was merely a carefully constructed narrative.

A First Step

Despite its many complexities, the hearing marked a significant step toward legitimizing the conversation about UAPs within the halls of government. There’s a clear desire to investigate and understand what’s happening. Yet, as the hearing showed, the path to understanding is filled with contradictions, classified information, and the ever-present human tendency to see what we want to see.

The truth about UAPs remains as elusive as ever, but this historic hearing shows that the search is far from over. The debate is just getting started, and the world is watching.

So, what do you think? Are we alone in the universe, or is there something more to these unexplained phenomena? The mystery continues to unfold, and the answers, it seems, are still out there.

RELATED VIDEOS

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

06-08-2023 om 23:24 geschreven door peter  

NASA's Curiosity Rover Faces Its Toughest Climb Yet on Mars

Curiosity Views Its Tracks Using Its Navcam: NASA’s Curiosity left several sets of tracks where the rover experienced a fault, or unexpected stoppage mid-drive, while attempting the most difficult climb the mission has faced: a slope with a sharp 23-degree incline, slippery sand, and wheel-size rocks.

Credits: NASA/JPL-Caltech. 

Download Image ›

Shortly before the rover’s 11th anniversary on the Red Planet, its team helped guide it up a steep, slippery slope to examine meteor craters.

On Aug. 5, NASA’s Curiosity rover will notch its 11th year on Mars by doing what it does best: studying the Red Planet’s surface. The intrepid bot recently investigated a location nicknamed “Jau” that is pockmarked with dozens of impact craters. Scientists have rarely gotten a close-up view of so many Martian craters in one place. The largest is estimated to be at least as long as a basketball court, although most are much smaller.

Jau is a pit stop on the rover’s journey into the foothills of Mount Sharp, a 3-mile-tall (5-kilometer-tall) mountain that was covered with lakes, rivers, and streams billions of years ago. Each layer of the mountain formed in a different era of Mars’ ancient climate, and the higher Curiosity goes, the more scientists learn about how the landscape changed over time.

On Aug. 5, NASA’s Curiosity rover will notch its 11th year on Mars by doing what it does best: studying the Red Planet’s surface. The intrepid bot recently investigated a location nicknamed “Jau” that is pockmarked with dozens of impact craters. Scientists have rarely gotten a close-up view of so many Martian craters in one place. The largest is estimated to be at least as long as a basketball court, although most are much smaller.

The path up the mountain over the last several months required the most arduous climb Curiosity has ever made. There have been steeper climbs and riskier terrain, but the mission has never faced the trifecta of challenges posed by this slope: a sharp 23-degree incline, slippery sand, and wheel-size rocks. This trifecta left the rover struggling through a half-dozen drives in May and June, vexing Curiosity’s drivers back on Earth.

“If you’ve ever tried running up a sand dune on a beach – and that’s essentially what we were doing – you know it’s hard, but there were boulders in there as well,” said Amy Hale, a Curiosity rover driver at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California.

How to Drive a Rover

Hale is one of 15 “rover planners” who write hundreds of lines of code to command Curiosity’s mobility system and robotic arm each day. (They don’t operate the rover in real time; instructions are sent to Mars the night before, and data comes back to Earth only after the rover has completed the work.) These engineers collaborate with scientists to figure out where to direct the rover, what pictures to take, and which targets to study using the instruments on its 7-foot (2-meter) robotic arm.

But rover planners are also constantly on the lookout for hazards. They have to write commands to steer around pointy rocks and minimize wear on Curiosity’s battered wheels. Geologists on the team use their field experience here on Earth to help look out for deep sand and unstable rock formations. There’s even a role on the mission to gauge whether a canyon wall could obstruct radio communications with Earth.

Six-Wheeled Ascent

Curiosity was never in danger while climbing to Jau: The team doesn’t plan anything that could damage the rover, and the planners write commands so that Curiosity will stop moving if it encounters any surprises. Unexpected stoppages – referred to as “faults” – can occur when the wheels slip too much or a wheel is raised too high by a large rock. On the route to Jau, the rover found itself in both scenarios on several occasions.

“We were basically playing fault bingo,” said Dane Schoelen, Curiosity’s strategic route planning lead at JPL. “Each day when we came in, we’d find out we faulted for one reason or another.”

Instead of continuing to struggle with the original course, Schoelen and his colleagues put together a lateral detour, eyeing a spot roughly 492 feet (150 meters) away where the incline leveled out. At least, it seemed to: Planners rely on imagery from NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter to get a rough sense of the terrain, but images captured from space can’t show exactly how steep a slope is or whether boulders are there.

The detour would add a few weeks to the journey to Jau – unless the terrain was hiding more surprises. If that were the case, the detour might have been for nothing, and the team’s scientists would have to keep looking for another path up Mount Sharp.

Fortunately, the detour paid off, allowing Curiosity to crest the slope.

“It felt great to finally get over the ridge and see that amazing vista,” Schoelen said. “I get to look at images of Mars all day long, so I really get a sense of the landscape. I often feel like I’m standing right there next to Curiosity, looking back at how far it has climbed.”

Since the difficult ascent, Curiosity’s scientists have wrapped an investigation of the Jau crater cluster. Common on Mars, clusters can form when a meteor breaks up in the planet’s atmosphere or when fragments are tossed by a large, more distant meteoroid impact. Scientists want to understand how the relatively soft rocks of the salt-enriched terrain affected the way the craters formed and changed over time.

Despite all that Mars has thrown at Curiosity, the rover isn’t slowing down. It’ll soon be off again to explore a new area higher up on Mount Sharp.

More About the Mission

Curiosity was built by JPL, which is managed by Caltech in Pasadena, California. JPL leads the mission on behalf of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington.

For more about Curiosity, visit:

• https://mars.nasa.gov/msl

News Media Contacts

• Andrew Good
  Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
  818-393-2433
  andrew.c.good@jpl.nasa.gov
• Karen Fox / Alana Johnson
  NASA Headquarters, Washington
  301-286-6284 / 202-358-1501
  karen.c.fox@nasa.gov / alana.r.johnson@nasa.gov

{ http://www.nasa.gov/ }

05-08-2023 om 23:51 geschreven door peter  

UFOs are the story of the century — wake up, America!

BY REAR ADMIRAL TIM GALLAUDET, OPINION CONTRIBUTOR -

Last week, I had a front-row seat at the hearing of the House Oversight and Accountability Committee’s Subcommittee on National Security, the Border, and Foreign Affairs on unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP), also known as UFOs. The three witnesses provided extraordinary testimony on their observations of aerial craft with performance characteristics far beyond those of modern aircraft, as well as knowledge of a hidden U.S. government crash retrieval program of such vehicles and their nonhuman operators.

The witnesses were former officers in the U.S. military with stellar service records. Their message to Congress was that we are not alone, we possess technology unlike anything available in the public or private sectors, and the U.S. government has covered up this earth-shattering information for decades.

So how has our society responded? To quote an assessment in Forbes, “the internet shrugged.” After some brief reporting by the major news networks, they returned their attention to nearly full-time coverage of the dismal legal landscapes surrounding Hunter Biden and Donald Trump.

Perhaps the era of fake news has desensitized the public to remarkable revelations like these, so I feel compelled to share my perspective to shed light on their validity and implications.

As a retired U.S. Navy flag officer, I can attest to the integrity and authenticity of the two pilots who testified: retired Commander David Fravor and Ryan Graves. I have served on three aircraft carriers and count many Naval aviators as close friends. These two witnesses are the real deal.

So is David Grusch. As a Navy information warfare officer, I worked closely with the intelligence community and Grusch’s former command, the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency. I too have been read into special access programs, and I understand how Department of Defense classification systems and authorities work. His testimony is 100 percent credible.

It may take time for society to come to grips with this historic hearing, but we will be best served by immediately responding as follows:

1) The U.S. Congress should continue to demand the Department of Defense and intelligence community disclose UAP information, data, and materials to the public. 

The House Select Committee that Reps. Tim Burchett, Matt Gaetz, Anna Paulina Luna, and Jared Moskowitz recently requested Speaker Kevin McCarthy establish can do this by further investigating the UAP cover-up described at the hearing and drafting legislation that directs disclosure. While specific technical characteristics regarding the materials and acquisition of data may require that they remaining classified, UAP should be included in other efforts by the Defense Department to solve the U.S. government’s over-classification problem. 

2) The U.S. government should show leadership in international scientific studies of UAP. 

San Marino is proposing Project Titan to the United Nations secretary-general for this purpose. While the witnesses at the hearing highlighted the national security concerns that UAP represent, there is a global security issue as well. Not only do we lack technical data regarding their occurrence, we need to understand where they come from, who controls them, and what their intentions are. Advancing our understanding of these phenomena can reinforce international alliances and be used as leverage in resolving disputes. As the world leader in 20^th century breakthroughs of nuclear power, information technology, and human exploration of the ocean and space, the U.S. has the opportunity to lead in a field with potentially more impact than any before it.

3) The U.S. research community should significantly expand the scientific study of UAP.

With more disclosure and international engagement, U.S. national labs, in partnership with American universities and research institutions, can lead an effort to transform our understanding of physics and the universe. Several U.S. research institutions are already making remarkable progress, including Harvard University’s Galileo Project and Stanford University’s Nolan Lab. Based on the observed flight characteristics detailed in the hearing, the results of this endeavor could make the scientific revolution of the 16^th and 17^th centuries look like baby steps, with wide-ranging benefits in areas as diverse as transportation safety, agricultural productivity, energy efficiency, environmental stewardship and human health.

Our tiny planet orbits a relatively medium-sized star, in a galaxy of over 100 billion stars, among a distribution of several hundred billion galaxies in the observable universe. How arrogant to believe we are the only species that has developed a means for travel between celestial bodies. Now that we are finding out otherwise, we must demand disclosure of what the government knows. Instead of staying asleep at the wheel, we should wake up as a society for the safety, security, and scientific advantages that can be gained.

• Rear Admiral (ret.) Tim Gallaudet, Ph.D., is the CEO of Ocean STL Consulting, LLC , a research affiliate with Harvard University’s Galileo Project, and a member of the advisory board of Americans for Safe Aerospace. He is a former acting and deputy administrator at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), acting undersecretary and assistant secretary of Commerce, and oceanographer in the Navy.

{ https://thehill.com/ }

05-08-2023 om 23:37 geschreven door peter  

Avi Loeb Soon to Prove Whether Aliens Exist: He & Garry Nolan Saw UFO That Poses Huge Implications for Humanity

The UFO community has accused the US government of concealing information on UAPs for over 90 years, and this claim was highlighted during the July 2023 UAP hearings. David Grusch, one of the witnesses testified that there are UFOs in the possession of the US government, sitting in an undisclosed location of which Grusch is aware. Other witnesses, Ryan Graves & David Fravor said that the technology of these unknown crafts is superior to any man-made craft.

The mounting pressure from the public has led to speculation about future UAP hearings, forcing the US government to address the matter seriously. Simultaneously, the scientific community has taken an interest in the UAP phenomenon. Two prominent scientists Avi Loeb & Garry Nolan have recently said that they have UFO data and have seen objects that they cannot talk about in public. These shocking statements by Loeb & Nolan tend to uplift the seriousness of the UAP enigma, held by governments around the world.

In January 2021, Dr. Loeb released the book, entitled “Extraterrestrial: The First Sign of Intelligent Life Beyond Earth.” In the book, he doubles down on his statements of Oumuamua as an artificial extraterrestrial object. In June 2021, he explicitly connected his Oumuamua hypothesis to the burgeoning government investigations into unidentified aerial phenomena in a Scientific American opinion column.

In a 2021 interview with Curt Jaimungal from TOE, Dr. Loeb confirmed that the Galileo Project began testing a suite of instruments that would observe the sky and analyze the data with artificial intelligence algorithms. He further stated that “Hopefully by 2023, we’ll start collecting data at places where there are reports on these [UAP] objects. That’s the third branch of the Galileo projects, we’re already doing this research and we should see it’s a phishing Expedition.”

In one year, things turn out to be in favor of Dr. Loeb. In this interview with Unravelling the Universe, Dr. Loeb discussed the progress of his Galileo Project, which aimed at systematically studying such UFO phenomena. He confirmed that some government officials visited him from Washington DC, who assumed he was on the right path. Perhaps, he is right about some UFOs might be extraterrestrial. However, he clarified that he would prioritize sharing this UAP information with the public over informing the Pentagon first.

He explains that scientific knowledge should not be classified or withheld from the public. He believes that any discoveries related to UFOs, just like any other scientific findings, should be shared with all of humanity. There should be no special privilege for the government in scientific deliberations. He also notes that the government’s concern about classified sensors is not about the data itself but about revealing the type and quality of sensors used, which could potentially help adversaries. He dismisses conspiracy theories and believes that the government is genuinely puzzled by some of the objects they have observed.

The Galileo Project involves setting up observatories with state-of-the-art instruments that monitor the sky 24/7. They use machine learning algorithms to analyze the data collected. This systematic approach not only increases the chances of discovering more events but also allows for statistical calibration of the observations. By monitoring the sky consistently, they can determine the frequency and patterns of these unidentified objects, which can be helpful in understanding and potentially explaining their nature.

When asked about any specific findings from the Galileo Project, Dr. Loeb maintains a cautious stance. He says: “I cannot speak about any specific findings publicly at this moment.” This response sparks curiosity as it suggests that there might indeed be some intriguing discoveries worth discussing.

Moving on, the conversation shifts towards the potential implications for humanity if the expeditions do reveal that these objects are of technological origin from beyond our solar system. Dr. Loeb emphasizes that the implications would be enormous, which he has extensively discussed in his new book entitled “Interstellar: The Search for Extraterrestrial Life and Our Future Beyond Earth.”

A similar response also came from Stanford professor Garry Nolan, who is a participant in Avi Loeb’s Copernicus Space Corporation, a privately held, novel type of space exploration company, headquartered in Massachusetts, which fosters ultra-long-range thinking and leverages disruptive technology for new human strategies in space.

Dr. Nolan discussed some exciting projects related to UFOs and space exploration with UAP Studies Podcasters Louie Borges and Jason Guillemette.

Nolan mentioned that Copernicus aims to deploy thousands of small devices across the solar system to search for signs of life and evidence of past extraterrestrial visits. These devices would serve as observation cameras and are meant to be disposable, making space exploration more cost-effective compared to traditional billion-dollar rocket missions conducted by NASA. The focus is on exploring various locations in the solar system to uncover potential evidence of life or previous encounters with alien entities.

Louie Borges then emphasizes the importance of not revealing sensitive or unpublished data from fellow researchers and urges Nolan to respect his peers. Nolan acknowledges this concern and refrains from giving away any specific details about the extraordinary data he has seen from other research groups. He mentions that he is helping those groups to write up their findings for publication, indicating that these findings are significant and warrant careful presentation to the scientific community.

Read also:

• US Senator Says Government Is Hiding UFOs & ‘Evidence Of Non-Human Intelligence’
• Leslie Kean: Varginha UFO Crash Was Real; Alien Organism Found In Police Officer Body Who Died of Infection
• U.S. Congressman Says UFOs May Be Machines of a Hidden ‘Ancient Earth Civilization’
• Whitley Strieber’s Alien Abduction & Stranger Who Told Him ‘Mankind Is Trapped

Nolan briefly describes the recorded event captured by two cameras, which he considers a one-time extraordinary occurrence. He mentions that whatever was recorded seemed to react to a signal and approached the researchers closely. While he refrains from divulging further details, he expresses hope that the other researchers will be able to publish their findings soon.

Existence of Aliens

Moreover, Avi Loeb is discussing the ongoing investigation into the meteor named IM1 that crashed to Earth on January 8, 2014. He and his team have recovered small metallic droplets from the seabed off Manus Island, Papua New Guinea, where the meteor exploded into a fireball above the Pacific Ocean. These droplets are being analyzed in four laboratories worldwide to determine if they are composed of technology unknown to mankind and potentially originating from outside the Solar System.

According to him, the material strength and speed of the meteor were anomalies compared to typical space rocks. Loeb says: “There is a chance that it’s artificial – that it’s a spacecraft, potentially a spacecraft, due to its unusual characteristics.” He mentions that the meteor was moving at a very high speed, faster than 95 percent of nearby stars, and its material strength was tougher than other space rocks cataloged by NASA. This raises the question of whether the object is made of some artificial alloy.

Dr. Loeb told the Daily Star that the samples collected are currently being studied in four laboratories around the world, and within a month or so, they hope to find out what the meteor was made of and whether it has a technological origin. Loeb clarifies that it might be something akin to the Voyager spacecraft colliding with a planet, which could appear as a meteor.

{ https://www.howandwhys.com/ }

05-08-2023 om 23:09 geschreven door peter  

Planetary nebulae exist throughout the galaxy. Each one is different, and they have many shapes. Some have glowing rings, others show bubble-like structures, while others look like butterflies and wispy phantoms. In the case of the Ring Nebula, it’s really more like a jelly donut or bagel in shape, which gives some tantalizing clues to its past. Astronomers can trace the chemical elements in planetary nebulae by studying the light they emit in great detail. Those elements tell the tale of the star’s evolution through time.

An Infrared View of the Ring Nebula

In this case, JWST looked at the ring in near-infrared light using its NIRCam instrument. It’s sensitive to light that ranges from 0.6 to 5 microns (600-5000 nanometers). The human eye can see a little into the infrared, to perhaps around 0.7 microns (700 nm), so JWST extends our vision to realms where we can’t see.

According to Mike Barlow, lead scientist of the JWST Ring Nebula Project, the high-resolution views really tell much more of the Ring’s story as the star moved through its life cycle. “The high-resolution images not only showcase the intricate details of the nebula’s expanding shell but also reveal the inner region around the central white dwarf in exquisite clarity,” he said. “We are witnessing the final chapters of a star’s life, a preview of the Sun’s distant future so to speak, and JWST’s observations have opened a new window into understanding these awe-inspiring cosmic events. We can use the Ring Nebula as our laboratory to study how planetary nebulae form and evolve.”

Colors and Details

In the JWST view, colors coding shows temperatures of the ejected material at different distances from the star. Those clouds of gas and dust glow thanks to ultraviolet light streaming away from the stellar remnant. The star itself is about 100,000 degrees, which heats up the nearby clouds quite well. The rest of the material lies further out and is much cooler. Astronomers estimate that the star began ejecting its outer layers at least 4,000 years ago. Based on earlier observations, including those by Hubble Space Telescope, the outer parts of the nebula appear to be expanding at a rate of about 20 kilometers per second and is just slightly over a light-year across.

Astronomers can see more details in the nebula using the JWST’s infrared-sensitive capabilities. For example, NIRCam can peer through any surrounding dust clouds to zero in on structures in the nebula. It can also detect any material that glows in infrared light. In JWST’s view, we can now see thin streamers of material at the edges of the nebula in more detail. In addition, it identifies faint structures in the ring itself. Astronomers will study those closely to figure out what caused them.

Origin and Evolution of the Ring Nebula

The colors of the Ring are well-known from many astrophotographs, as well as views from both ground-based and orbiting telescopes. Perhaps the most famous recent view came from the Hubble Space Telescope in 2013. It shows a great deal of colorful detail, including some strange-looking “cometary knots”. Those were created as material was cast away from the star. In HST’s view, blue colors indicate hot helium emission lines, green indicates ionized oxygen, and red is ionized nitrogen.

Those colors and structures tell an interesting tale about the evolution of the Ring Nebula’s star, according to astronomer Nick Cox, a project co-leader. “These images hold more than just aesthetic appeal; they provide a wealth of scientific insights into the processes of stellar evolution. By studying the Ring Nebula with JWST, we hope to gain a deeper understanding of the life cycles of stars and the elements they release into the cosmos,” he said.

The Ring Nebula has been a case study in planetary nebulae for more than a century. Here’s what astronomers know about its origins. The progenitor star was several times more massive than the Sun. It spent much of its life doing what stars do: converting hydrogen to helium in the core. About 4,000 years ago, it ran out of hydrogen and began converting helium in its core. That caused the star to heat up and it ballooned out to become a red giant. As it did, it shed its outer layers to space. Ultraviolet light from the now-collapsing star heats up the gases, causing them to glow. The result, after several thousand years is the Ring Nebula we now see through our telescopes.

More Images to Come

The JWST NIRCam images aren’t the only ones of the Ring JWST has taken. More taken with MIRI (another infrared instrument) will be released soon. The team of astronomers working on this project hail from UK, France, Canada, USA, Sweden, Spain, Brazil, Ireland and Belgium.

For More Information

• James Webb Space Telescope Captures Stunning Images of the Ring Nebula
• Manchester Astronomer Captures Stunning Images of the Ring Nebula on James Webb Space Telescope

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

05-08-2023 om 22:40 geschreven door peter  

The 2021 solar event was an example of what scientists describe as a “ground level enhancement,” a rare occurrence where solar particles are energetic enough to pass through the Earth’s magnetic field and reach the surface. Only seventy-three ground-level enhancements have been detected since scientists began recording them in the 1940s, and no such events have been detected since. While Mars’ thin atmosphere does filter out the lower energy particles (and slows down the highly energetic ones), neither the Moon nor Mars generates similar magnetic fields.

This means solar particles reach the surface regularly and even produce secondary radiation (through interaction with surface regolith). According to measurements made by NASA’s LRO mission from lunar orbit, the solar event was rather weak, equivalent to an absorbed radiation dose of only 31 milligray (mGy) or 31 millisieverts (mSV). Meanwhile, the Exomars TGO and Curiosity rover, obtaining measurements from orbit and the surface, recorded doses of 9 and 0.3 three mGy (respectively) – a difference of a factor of 30.

Compare this to the solar outburst recorded in August 1972, which fell between the Apollo 16 and 17 missions. The measured outburst of radiation from this event would have delivered a fatal dose to any astronauts operating on the lunar surface. Jingnan Guo, a researcher with the DSEL with the School of Earth and Space Sciences at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), explained in an ESA press release:

“Our calculations of the past ground-level enhancement events show that, on average, one event every 5.5 years may have exceeded the safe dose level on the Moon if no radiation protection had been provided. Understanding these events is crucial for future crewed missions to the surface of the Moon.”

Astronauts are exposed to radiation regularly when they go to space, but the hazard of prolonged exposure increases dramatically beyond Low Earth Orbit (LEO). This includes the risk of exposure to solar radiation and cosmic rays, which becomes elevated beyond Earth’s magnetic field. But there is also the risk of huge outbursts of SEPs caused by “coronal mass ejections” (CMEs), also known as “solar flares.”

Impact on Astronaut Health

Given how much of our future planned exploration efforts are centered on the Moon and Mars, it is crucial to understand intense radiation events and their effect on the space radiation environment. According to ESA health guidelines, if astronauts absorb more than 700 milligray (mGy) of radiation during a mission – equivalent to 700 millisieverts (mSv) – they may experience radiation sickness caused by the destruction of bone marrow and damage to their central nervous system. This can lead to serious health problems, including nausea, infection, internal bleeding, and elevated cancer risks.

If an astronaut absorbed as much as 10 gray (10,000 sieverts), they would likely die within two weeks. This is why the ESA, NASA, and other space agencies are dedicated to limiting astronaut exposure to 1,000 mSv, or 3% Risk of Exposure-Induced Death (REID), during the entirety of their career. While radiation shielding is important, dedicated instruments that measure the radiation environment in space are used to predict major events. The advanced warning allows astronauts to seek protection within shielded environments, protective suits, and (in the future) lunar or Martian caves.

On the ISS, astronauts and cosmonauts will retreat to designated areas where the wall shield against incoming energetic particles. This includes the sleeping quarters (located in the Russian Zvezda and NASA Harmony modules) or one of the ISS’ galleys in the Nauka and Unity modules. For astronauts bound for the Moon, the Lunar Gateway will serve as the stopover point and a potential fallback position in the event of solar activity. The Gateway will rely on three instrument suites to monitor the radiation environment around the Moon and inside the Gateway. This includes the:

• European Radiation Sensors Array (ERSA) provided by the ESA
• Heliophysics Environmental and Radiation Measurement Experiment Suite (HERMES) provided by NASA
• Internal Dosimeter Array (IDA) provided by the ESA and JAXA

“Currently, we live in a golden age of Solar System physics,” said Marco Pinto, an ESA research fellow working on radiation detectors. “Radiation detectors aboard planetary missions such as BepiColombo, on its way to Mercury, and Juice, cruising to Jupiter, add a much-needed coverage to study the acceleration and propagation of solar energetic particles,”

NASA and the ESA are also developing next-generation space suits to provide improved protection against deep-space radiation, including NASA’s Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit (xEMU). The ESA also sent two mannequins developed by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) to space as part of the Artemis I mission, which conducted a circumlunar test flight between November 16th to December 11th, 2022. These mannequins, nicknamed Helga and Zohar, were studded with radiation sensors provided by NASA and the DLR, while one (Zohar) wore a protective radiation vest.

The data obtained during this test flight will help inform future spacesuits developed for ESA crews. Said Colin Wilson, ExoMars TGO project scientist:

“Space radiation can create a real danger to our exploration throughout the Solar System. Measurements of high-level radiation events by robotic missions is critical to prepare for long-duration crewed missions. Thanks to data from missions like ExoMars TGO we can prepare for how best to protect our human explorers.”

Further Reading: 

• ESA, 
• Geophysical Research Letters

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

05-08-2023 om 22:26 geschreven door peter  

EXCLUSIVE: Dramatic videos of UFOs over the Pacific are revealed, as expert pilots describe seeing bright lights moving in 'race track' circles over the summer - but say their employers told them to keep quiet

• Pilots claim they saw UFOs while flying on routes from Japan and Hawaii in August and September
• Now captains and a former F-18 pilot describe to DailyMail.com seeing bright lights moving in elongated circles or 'race tracks' for hours high in the sky
• The series of sightings were seen by dozens of pilots and captured on video and in air traffic control recordings
• Witnesses tell DailyMail.com they are now being told by their employers to keep quiet about the sightings
• Pilot Chris Van Voorhis said UFO sightings are quite common among pilots, 'Out of my pilot friends, at least 50% have seen some type of an anomaly'
• Van Voorhis said his employer told him to 'cease and desist' even mentioning the incident in public, and that he feared his job could be at risk for reporting his sighting

By JOSH BOSWELL and CHRIS SHARP FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

A series of strange UFO incidents over the Pacific Ocean this summer were captured on video and in air traffic control recordings after sightings by dozens of pilots.

Experienced captains and one former F-18 pilot told DailyMail.com they saw bright lights moving in elongated circles or 'race tracks' for hours high in the sky while they flew on routes from Japan and Hawaii towards the US West Coast in August and September.

The incidents were reported to the FAA, and a researcher obtained dramatic audio of the pilots calling in the strange sightings to Los Angeles Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC).

Pilots also attempted to film from their cockpits the group of between three and five bright objects, which appeared to fly around in the area of the sky where the 'scoop' of the big dipper constellation sits.

Some of the witnesses told DailyMail.com they are now being told by their employers to keep quiet, and are calling for better reporting procedures for encounters with 'unidentified aerial phenomena' (UAPs). 

A graphic shows the location and dates of the several reported UFO sightings, mainly in the Pacific Ocean, that occurred in August and September of this year 

Pilot Chris Van Voorhis, 63, told DailyMail.com he saw between three and five objects, far brighter than the stars around them, fading in and out with no discernable pattern and moving in a 'race track' circular motion, while he was flying from Honolulu to Los Angeles in August

Two of the pilots can be heard in ARTCC recordings from August 18, obtained under the Freedom of Information Act by Ben Hansen, a former FBI agent and the host of Discovery+ show UFO Witness.

'We've got a few aircraft to our north here and he's going around in circles, much higher altitude than us. Any idea what they are?' Mark Hulsey, a pilot flying a Gulfstream charter jet off the Los Angeles coast radioed in.

'Uh, no, no I do not,' the baffled controller responded. 'You're not entering any [military] airspace or anything. I am not sure.'

Van Voorhis, who has been flying since he was 14 and has 32,000 hours experience, said the objects appeared to be in Earth's orbit or even further out in space

The pilot described seeing 'maybe three aircraft there,' then called ARTCC 23 minutes later, stating, 'there's now like seven of them,' and estimating that they were 'at least 5 or 10,000 feet above us.'

Asked to elaborate by the controller, the rattled Hulsey added: 'They just keep going in circles. I was an F-18 pilot in the Marine Corps, and I'm telling you, I've done many intercepts, I've never seen anything like this.'

At certain times of day satellites can reflect the sun and appear to pilots as bright lights in the sky. But the expert aviators say they believe the circular movement and duration of the sightings – some for hours – ruled out satellites.

Chris Van Voorhis, 63, told DailyMail.com he saw between three and five objects, far brighter than the stars around them, fading in and out with no discernable pattern and moving in a 'race track' circular motion, while he was flying from Honolulu to Los Angeles in August.

Van Voorhis, who has been flying since he was 14 and has 32,000 hours experience, said the objects appeared to be in Earth's orbit or even further out in space, given their continued position near to the big dipper constellation as he flew over the ocean for hours.

'The other airlines were saying, Hey, are you seeing what we're seeing?' the veteran pilot said.

'They were lights that would come on very bright, you would see them move, then they would go out.

'It had to be in a very, very high orbit, or actually even out in space quite a ways away from anything that a satellite would be, because every time we were seeing it, it was in the lower right hand corner of the Big Dipper, no matter where we were in the world.

'It lasted for such a long time that it actually became boring, almost.

'If it was [Elon Musk's satellite system] Starlink, or anything like that, then it's going to be moving in a linear fashion, and all of them will be moving in the same direction. These weren't. They were moving different directions.'

Van Voorhis said his employer, which DailyMail.com has chosen not to name, told him to 'cease and desist' even mentioning the incident in public, and that he feared his job could be at risk for reporting his sighting.

Gulfstream captain and former F-18 pilot Mark Hulsey's saw a UFO sighting on August 18 by Santa Catalina, an island off the LA coast

This image shows the brightness of the UFO compared to the three circled stars, which are much dimmer 

Two UFOs (also called UAPS - unidentified aerial phenomena) are seen in this photo, grabbed from a video of the encounter 

Hansen has collected accounts of pilots for Southwest Airlines, Hawaiian Airlines and others between August 6 and September 23 who say they saw the same lights in the sky as Van Voorhis.

'Many of these pilots are very confident that the lights were not just going in one direction, but in both directions, which is very unusual for satellites.

'In Mark's case they would go from the north and then actually go above his craft, where he had to crane his neck to see them from the canopy.

'It was seen by upwards of 15 different commercial flights. And at least six pilots are willing to go on record with their names and everything if asked to do so by any investigative agencies.

'In this case, we have a global phenomena from as far west as Japan, to as far east as possibly Miami. Whatever it is, pilots are seeing it from halfway across the world.'

But Hansen said there is currently no proper process for reporting such sightings – even of strange objects that could pose a threat to the safety of commercial airlines.

'Civilian pilots do not have a structured, robust process that is publicly provided to them where they can report UAPs,' he told DailyMail.com.

'The reason the pilots don't report primarily is because they don't think the FAA will follow up, or worse they will be ridiculed.'

An FAA spokesman told DailyMail.com: 'The Federal Aviation Administration documents Unidentified Aerial Phenomenon (UAP) sightings whenever a pilot reports one to an air traffic control facility.

'If the pilot report can be corroborated with supporting information such as radar data, it is shared with the UAP Task Force' – a Defense Department unit that investigates UFOs, now officially called the All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office.

A 2021 Director of National Intelligence report warned that 'UAP threaten flight safety and, possibly, national security,' due to 11 near misses between naval aviators and unknown objects.

Van Voorhis' said UFO sightings are quite common among pilots.

'Out of my pilot friends, at least 50% have seen some type of an anomaly,' he said.

Two of the pilots can be heard in ARTCC recordings from August 18. 'We've got a few aircraft to our north here and he's going around in circles, much higher altitude than us. Any idea what they are?' Mark Hulsey radioed in

'Uh, no, no I do not,' the baffled controller responded. 'You're not entering any [military] airspace or anything. I am not sure'

The incidents were reported to the FAA, and a researcher obtained dramatic audio of the pilots calling in the strange sightings to Los Angeles Air Route Traffic Control Center (ARTCC)

His August sighting was not his first. In February 2004 while flying for Japanese airline Jalways he said he and another plane's crew saw three 'disks' descend from outside the atmosphere, 'stop' mid air, then suddenly pivot 30 degrees while keeping their triangular formation and shoot off beyond the horizon at thousands of miles per hour.

'I was coming back from Japan to Honolulu. We were at 39,000 feet coming across the Pacific Ocean. It was 5:30 in the morning, local time. Something caught my eye off the left hand side of the aircraft. There were three large discs,' he said.

'They were high enough up in the atmosphere to be reflecting the light from the sun which wasn't up yet.

'They came in a triangular formation and stopped. They turned in formation, they didn't bank or anything like that, nothing aerodynamic, they just pivoted. And then they took off over the horizon.

'It wasn't like they accelerated. They were just at speed and gone over the horizon. The whole thing took about 15 seconds.

'The aircraft in front of us saw it too. They said 'are you going to tell anybody?' and we said 'no'.'

Gulfstream captain and former F-18 pilot Hulsey's August 18 UFO sighting was by Santa Catalina, an island off the LA coast.

Famously, US Navy aviators from the aircraft carrier USS Nimitz chased a 'tic tac'-shaped UFO near Santa Catalina Island in 2004.

The tic tac evaded Top Gun ace Commander David Fravor, maneuvering and accelerating in ways which seemed to defy the laws of physics. It then disappeared before astonishingly reappearing 40 miles away in less than one minute, at the aviator's CAP point, a rendezvous location only known by the pilot and his commander.

In July 2019, in the same area, multiple strange objects harassed US naval warships over several days.

The Pentagon claimed they were drones, but could not confirm the origin nor the operators of the craft. A source close to the investigation of the incident told DailyMail.com that a nearby Chinese cargo ship named Bass Strait, thought to be the culprit, was searched with no signs of drones.

RELATED

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

05-08-2023 om 22:07 geschreven door peter  

“LARGE FLOATING ORB” Congress Demands Answers After Pilots Encounter UFOs

A recent Congressional hearing shed new light on this enigmatic subject, underlining the serious implications it holds for both national security and aviation safety. The examination of these inexplicable occurrences, often reported by highly trained military personnel, is no longer a matter of fringe conspiracy theories but of rigorous scientific investigation.

During the hearing, some riveting accounts were shared, with testimonies that highlighted not only the existence of these UAPs but also their advanced capabilities. One such account detailed a rather peculiar incident at Eglin Air Force Base involving unidentified crafts moving in a precise diamond formation. The eye-witness account describes radar anomalies associated with these crafts and a distinct, unsettling pattern – upon interception by military aircraft, the radar systems began to malfunction mysteriously.

This description of advanced radar jamming capabilities paints a picture of a technology far beyond current human understanding. When approached, these unidentified crafts seemingly have the ability to disrupt or completely disable the tracking systems on our most advanced aircraft. If the recounting is accurate, this speaks volumes about the level of sophistication possessed by these unidentified entities.

• US Senate UFO Hearing: The AARO Takes Center …

• NASA reveals UFO sightings in Middle East in first ever public meeting on UFO and UAP sightings

Former Navy pilot Ryan Graves shed further light on the topic, corroborating similar experiences of unusual radar interference during encounters with unidentified flying objects. Graves described an incident where pilots witnessed a fleet of objects not visible on the Forward-Looking Infrared Radar (FLIR) system, an observation confirmed by the radar data displayed on the situational awareness page.

The nature of these experiences emphasizes a significant concern for our national security. Not only do these unknown entities demonstrate capabilities beyond our comprehension, but they also seem to have the potential to disable our defense and surveillance systems at will. This highlights the urgent need to better understand these phenomena to safeguard our security.

One significant hurdle to gaining a comprehensive understanding of these UAPs, as emphasized by the hearing, is the existing culture within military and aviation circles. Pilots and other personnel have historically been discouraged from reporting these experiences, for fear of career repercussions or ridicule. This cultural barrier has hampered our collective knowledge and understanding of these phenomena.

Representative Matt Gates, during the hearing, suggested a pressing need for more secure channels to report and analyze these phenomena. He emphasized the need to subpoena radar images of these unidentified crafts and create mechanisms to facilitate more comprehensive reporting and analysis of these incidents. This, he believes, could be a significant step forward in our understanding of these phenomena.

The congressional hearing, thus, underlines a paradigm shift in how we approach the mystery of UAPs. The conversation has moved beyond idle speculation and conspiracy theories to rigorous investigation and genuine concern for national security. As we look to the future, it is clear that the exploration and understanding of these phenomena should be a priority, not just for the U.S, but for the world.

In the light of these revelations, it is crucial that we provide an environment that encourages transparency and facilitates reporting. Protecting whistleblowers and creating a safe space for personnel to share their experiences will significantly contribute to our understanding of these phenomena. We are at the cusp of a new frontier, and every piece of information brings us a step closer to unlocking the mysteries of these unidentified aerial phenomena. Only through such collective efforts can we hope to comprehend and engage with the mysteries that lie beyond our current understanding.

This is indeed an exciting time for both enthusiasts and scientists alike. The real work has just begun, and we are all spectators to this unfolding cosmic mystery. As the saying goes, the truth is out there. And now, more than ever, we are inching closer to uncovering it.

VIDEO:

• Chris Lehto – “LARGE FLOATING ORB” Congress Demands Answers After Pilots Encounter UFOs

RELATED

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

05-08-2023 om 21:38 geschreven door peter  

Een 39 miljoen jaar oud fossiel suggereert dat er in vervlogen tijden een immense reus de wereldzeeën domineerde, die misschien wel 340 ton (!) zou hebben gewogen.

De blauwe vinvis is het grootste dier dat ooit heeft geleefd. Hij is zelfs groter dan de grootste bekende dinosaurus! Het langste exemplaar ooit waargenomen was 30 meter lang en woog een slordige 190 ton. Maar mogelijk moet de blauwe vinvis zijn prestigieuze titel als grootste en zwaarste dier op aarde nu afstaan. Want onderzoekers zijn op een stokoud walvisfossiel gestuit, waardoor ze nu geloven dat er in een ver verleden een nóg zwaarder dier heeft bestaan.

Fossiel
Het gaat om een 39 miljoen jaar oud fossiel dat in het zuiden van Peru is opgegraven. Het fossiel omvat 13 wervels, vier ribben en een heupbot van een zogenoemde basilosauridae-walvis. Dit is een familie van uitgestorven walvisachtigen, die leefde in het midden tot het late Eoceen. Ze kwamen over de hele wereld voor, zelfs rondom Antarctica.

Gewicht
Aan de hand van de gevonden overblijfselen waren de onderzoekers in staat om het gewicht van de oude walvis, die Perucetus colossus is genoemd, te schatten. En daaruit blijkt dat zijn skeletmassa groter was dan die van enig bekend zoogdier of zeedier. Sterker nog, hij was waarschijnlijk 2 à 3 keer zo groot als een 25 meter lange blauwe vinvis. Vermoedelijk woog Perucetus colossus tussen de 85 en 340 ton. Hiermee wedijvert hij met het gewicht van de blauwe vinvis, waarvan eerder werd gedacht dat hij het zwaarste dier ooit was.

Van de troon gestoten
Mogelijk heeft Perucetus colossus de blauwe vinvis dus van de troon gestoten. Niet de blauwe vinvis, maar Perucetus colossus is misschien wel het grootste en zwaarste dier dat (waar wij weet van hebben) ooit heeft bestaan. Deze ontdekking suggereert dat de gang naar gigantisme bij zeezoogdieren mogelijk eerder zijn intrede deed dan gedacht.

Afbeelding: Trustees of the Natural History Museum; Marco Merella

Gigantisme
Kijken we naar het gehele dierenrijk, dan zien we dat er maar weinig dieren gigantische proporties hebben bereikt. Het is eigenlijk een vrij zeldzame eigenschap. En dat is ook goed te verklaren. Het is namelijk een hele kostbare functie. Grote dieren hebben meestal minder nakomelingen, hebben meer ruimte nodig om te leven, eten meer en lopen ten slotte eerder het risico op ziektes zoals kanker. Naast de nadelen van gigantisme heeft een grotere omvang ook duidelijke voordelen – anders was het ook niet geëvolueerd. Het belangrijkste voordeel is voedsel. Ondanks het reusachtige lichaam, leven veel walvissen vrijwel uitsluitend van kleine kreeftachtigen die nog geen tien centimeter lang worden. Een groter lichaam is daarbij natuurlijk handig, omdat ze dan veel grotere happen kunnen nemen en zo in één keer meer voedsel naar binnen zuigen.

Evolutionaire geschiedenis
Het fossielenbestand van walvisachtigen (een onderorde van zoogdieren waar ook dolfijnen, walvissen en bruinvissen onder geschaard kunnen worden) is heel belangrijk bij het documenteren van de evolutionaire geschiedenis van zeezoogdieren. Veel mensen denken dat de voorouders van walvissen in zee hebben geleefd, maar dat is niet het geval. Walvissen stammen namelijk af van dieren die van het land terug de zee in zijn gegaan. Onderzoekers proberen daar nog altijd meer over te weten te komen. Ondertussen zijn ze al op bepaalde aanpassingen gestuit die hand in hand gingen met die terugkeer naar het water. Denk in dit geval aan gigantisme en de daarmee samenhangende toename van de lichaamsmassa, hoewel wordt aangenomen dat laatstgenoemde een relatief recente diversificatie is geweest.

30 miljoen jaar eerder
Maar de nieuwe studie suggereert nu iets anders. De opgegraven fossiele resten van Perucetus colossus zijn namelijk 39 miljoen jaar oud. Bovendien blijkt dat deze gigant al over verschillende kenmerken beschikte die erop wijzen dat hij al volledig was aangepast aan een wateromgeving. Dit betekent dat walvisachtigen zo’n 30 miljoen jaar eerder dan gedacht al hun maximale lichaamsgewicht hadden bereikt. Het drijfvermogen dat gepaard gaat met de toename van botmassa komt overeen met een levensstijl in ondiep water. Dit ondersteunt de heersende theorie dat basilosauridae-walvissen goed aangepast waren aan kustomgevingen.

De studie werpt meer licht op deze orde van oude dieren. Maar dat niet alleen. Het laat vooral zien dat er in vervlogen tijden immense giganten door de zeeën zwierven, die zelfs groter en zwaarder waren dan de befaamde blauwe vinvis. Of er misschien nóg zwaardere dieren dan Perucetus colossus hebben geleefd? Dat valt natuurlijk niet uit te sluiten. We houden de wetenschap in de gaten.

Bronmateriaal

• "Whale fossil may be the largest, heaviest animal ever recorded" - Università di Pisa (via Scimex)
• Afbeelding bovenaan dit artikel: Alberto Gennari

{ https://scientias.nl/ }

05-08-2023 om 01:23 geschreven door peter  

Is het een kosmische spons? Een pokdalige aardappel? Nee, het is de bijzondere maan Hyperion! Dit vreemde object draait om de ringplaneet Saturnus.

Hyperion is in alle opzichten een markante maan. Ten eerste heeft deze maan van Saturnus een dichtheid die ongeveer de helft is van water. Wetenschappers denken daarom dat de maan voornamelijk uit waterijs bestaat.

Op het oppervlak zijn ontelbaar veel kleine kraters te zien. Deze hebben een gemiddelde diameter van twee tot tien kilometer. De kraters zijn gemiddeld 400 meter diep. De allergrootste krater op Hyperion heeft een diameter van 122 kilometer en is ruim tien kilometer diep. Deze krater bedekt bijna de hele maan, die een radius heeft van 135 kilometer.

Aangezien Hyperion heel poreus en licht is, is er nauwelijks zwaartekracht op het oppervlak. Om je een voorbeeld te geven: op aarde is de valversnelling 9,81 meter per seconde. Dit wordt 1 g genoemd. En de maan? Daar is de zwaartekracht met 0,165 g zo’n zes keer lager dan op aarde. Je kunt dus zes keer zo hoog springen als je met dezelfde spierkracht afzet. Op Hyperion is de zwaartekracht 0,002 g: 500 keer lager dan op onze planeet. Toch is het niet makkelijk om ‘weg te springen’ van de maan. De ontsnappingssnelheid is namelijk alsnog 268 kilometer per uur.

Misschien nog wel het meest bijzondere aan Hyperion is zijn baan om Saturnus. De rotatie van Hyperion is chaotisch: het maantje tuimelt op onvoorspelbare wijze door de ruimte. De afstand tot Saturnus bedraagt gemiddeld 1,3 tot 1,6 miljoen kilometer. Ook de snelheid varieert continu. Bekijk dit gifje maar eens. Je wordt er misselijk van!

De ruimtefoto van de week is gemaakt door de Cassini-ruimtesonde. De sonde kiekte het maantje tijdens een scheervlucht in 2005. Cassini vloog toen op een afstand van 514 kilometer langs de natuurlijke satelliet. Dat is nog eens een scheervlucht!

Nagenieten van Cassini’s erfenis
Helaas kunnen we niet langer genieten van nieuwe prachtige foto’s van Saturnus en haar manen. In 2017 kwam er een einde aan de Cassini-missie en verbrandde het ruimtevaartuig in de atmosfeer van de ringplaneet. Gelukkig is er nog wel een rijk archief opgebouwd. Zo hebben we op Scientias in 2017 een top 40 gemaakt van de mooiste Cassini-foto’s. Deze foto van Saturnus eindigde op een respectabele derde plek.

• De afgelopen decennia hebben ruimtetelescopen en satellieten prachtige foto’s gemaakt van nevels, sterrenstelsels, stellaire kraamkamers en planeten. Ieder weekend halen we één of meerdere indrukwekkende ruimtefoto uit het archief. Genieten van alle foto’s? Bekijk ze op deze pagina.

Bronmateriaal

• "In Depth - Hyperion" - NASA
• Afbeelding bovenaan dit artikel: Cassini

7

{ https://scientias.nl/ }

05-08-2023 om 01:09 geschreven door peter  

With both the Pentagon and NASA launching renewed efforts in the study of unidentified aerial phenomena (UAP), a Ukrainian research team says that it has undertaken a study of its own, producing imagery of aerial objects that cannot be easily identified.

According to researchers B.E. Zhilyaev, V.N. Petukhov, and V.M. Reshetnyk, the Main Astronomical Observatory of NAS of Ukraine “conducts an independent study of UAP” which has managed to collect imagery depicting several anomalous aerial events. The team says it employs a pair of meteor stations located in Kyiv and in the Vinarivka village, each fitted with video cameras observing the daytime sky.

In a recent paper announcing their findings, the researchers say they have created “a special observation technique” they use “for detecting and evaluating UAP characteristics.” Based on the events they have observed, they break down their observations of UAP into two primary categories, which they call “Cosmics” and “Phantoms.”

Night sky over Kyiv, Ukraine, 2020. 

(Image credit: Getty)

“We note that Cosmics are luminous objects, brighter than the background of the sky,” the authors write, noting three subcategories of Cosmics each named after various birds: swift, falcon, and eagle, whereas “Phantoms are dark objects, with contrast from several to about 50 percent.”

The Ukrainian team says they have detected UAP under a variety of conditions and have observed what they characterize as “a significant number of objects whose nature is not clear.”

“Flights of single, group and squadrons of the ships were detected,” the paper states, with several of the objects exhibiting speeds “from 3 to 15 degrees per second” and varying degrees of brightness that the team gauges within a range of 10 to 20 Hz. The research team also employed synchronized camera systems that in one instance, according to their paper, “allowed the detection of a variable object, at an altitude of 1170 km.”

By employing instrumentation used to measure variations in color, the team also believes they could determine the characteristics of the appearance of some of the objects they observed and estimate their distance.

According to the researchers, the objects they designate as Phantoms appear to have very low reflectivity, characterizing the objects as “a completely black body that does not emit and absorbs all the radiation falling on it.” The researchers hypothesize that such an object may be visible “because it shields radiation due to Rayleigh scattering,” an effect that describes light particles that become scattered without there being changes in their wavelengths.

“Phantoms are observed in the troposphere at distances up to 10 – 12 km,” the researchers state in the paper, estimating their size as being between 3 and 12 meters and capable of speeds of as much as 15 kilometers per second.

The researchers present a variety of diagrams within their paper that indicate variations in the color and brightness, as well as speed and other characteristics displayed by the objects. However, the authors do not propose any possible explanations or hypotheses regarding the objects and their appearance or whether they could have mundane underlying sources.

“Unidentified anomalous, air, and space objects are deeply concealed phenomena,” the authors conclude, adding that the primary characteristic of the UAP they have observed is “extremely high speed.”

The paper, “Unidentified aerial phenomena I. Observations of events,” by B. Zhilyaev, V. Petukhov, and V. Reshetnyk can be read online.

• Hat tip to Brett Tingley of Space.com for bringing this study to our attention.
• Micah Hanks is Editor-in-Chief and Co-Founder of The Debrief. Follow his work at micahhanks.com and on Twitter: @MicahHanks. 

{ https://thedebrief.org/ }

04-08-2023 om 23:53 geschreven door peter  

Bob Fish Told Coulthart: US Govt. Filmed High-Speed UFOs Going Underwater in Atlantic Ocean  

In 2016, a large number of emails from the account of John Podesta, the chairman of Hillary Clinton’s 2016 presidential campaign, were leaked by WikiLeaks. The tranche of emails thrilled the Internet when reporters associated with the New York Times were working on the groundbreaking story entitled “Glowing Auras and ‘Black Money’: The Pentagon’s Mysterious U.F.O. Program.”

The emails between Podesta and a person named Bob Fish are the main subject that has been widely discussed by UFO enthusiasts. Mr. Fish, who had previously worked as an IT contractor, held the position of Director of Advanced Programs at Network Equipment Technologies from 1984 to 1993. (Source)

During that time, he was responsible for overseeing a top-secret global network for a major intelligence agency within the Department of Defense. In addition, he was involved in various operations that were of national importance, such as the Gulf War and Operation Just Cause.

The leaked emails may provide new insight into UFOs. Mr. Fish sent an email to Podesta on March 5, 2015, in which he stated that blurry photos, crop circles and statements from witnesses alone would not be enough to confirm the existence of UFOs. “What was needed,” he continued, was “hard scientific data collected from instruments that are known to be accurate and reliable.” Which, he added, was available “if one knows ‘where to look’ and ‘what to look for.’

He claimed that the federal government had been collecting data on UFOs since the 1970s, using the Defense Support Program (DSP) satellites.

In his next email to Podesta, he shared an incident that happened with him in El Segundo, a city in California. After Project Blue Book was shut down, Fish met with a USAF official who worked on the program. He told Fish that “there were times when they were diverted from these missions to track UFOs off the east coast of Florida.”

Further, the email stated: “His claim was the UFOs had a landing and takeoff spot in the ocean east of Miami, north of Bermuda. He also claimed there was a specific electronic signature (frequency) emanating from them when they were going into or coming out of the water, so they were easy to track. On several occasions, they filmed the UFO as it transitioned from water to air or vice versa.”

Mr. Fish was convinced that the United States Air Force’s Project Blue Book, which was officially closed in 1970, did not end but instead was taken out of public view. The existence of the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP) demonstrated that the Pentagon’s interest in UFOs never dissipated.

Based on the observations provided by Lue Elizondo, the former director of the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP), the United State government had already been aware that UAPS were vastly outmatched by superior technology. These objects have capabilities that are beyond comprehension.

Read also:

• 2011 Skinny Bob Alien Videos: Forensic Analysis Uncovers Surprising Authenticity
• Famous 19-Sec UFO Footage Could Be Greatest Leak: CGI Experts Say It Is Real Deal
• Tom DeLonge Claims Secret DoD Document From UFO Program Proves Telekinesis Is Real
• Ex-Apollo Astronaut Claimed Humans Are Ancient Aliens, Visited Earth From Space

They can travel at incredibly fast speeds and have the ability to get invisible while accelerating. They are capable of moving through air without wings and can travel through space, atmosphere, and oceans without being affected by gravity, and without any visible means of propulsion.

Such scenarios alarmed the US government, and the officials realized that if this god-like technology were to be obtained and mastered by their adversaries before the United States, it would make democracy vulnerable. Australian investigative reporter Ross Coulthart noted that his sources confirmed “there has been consideration given to offensively trying to bring down these objects.”

In his book “In Plain Sight: An investigation into UFOs and impossible science“, Coulthart describes that the United States government appears to have knowledge of some UAP (Unidentified Aerial Phenomena) entering Earth’s orbit from deep space. Furthermore, the US government can actively track them via RF signals emanated from these craft based on conversations with retired US intelligence officer Bob Fish.

“I wrote to Bob Fish and after a few weeks, he kindly responded, confirming everything he told Podesta, and more. He had never spoken publicly about UAPs before. A previously very highly security-cleared defense communications intelligence insider, Fish has extensive experience working on classified programs, including President Reagan’s ‘Trust but Verify’ nuclear missile disarmament treaty with the Soviets, and he assured me he was happy to be quoted about his strong interest and belief in UAPs.

He clearly knew a lot more than he was prepared to reveal. When I asked him what he knew about the purported US ability to track such mystery craft, he told me, ‘At some point, the information about “alien” stuff and true US national defense information crosses paths.

Patriots with clearances do not want to be traitors to their country or their way of life. For instance, if I told you the exact electromagnetic signature of a high-Mach UFO that US sensors search for, but don’t attack, and you put it in a book, the Soviets/Chinese would manufacture a bomber with SIGINT/ELINT [signals and electronic intelligence] countermeasure equipment that generated that exact signature.

We must find a path forward that brings about greater knowledge of the truth without endangering the civilizations we have evolved into. The intriguing thing about Fish’s comment was the implication there was indeed a ‘truth’ still being concealed.”

Mr. Fish stated that the UAP entered the atmosphere and descended into the Atlantic Ocean, specifically in an area east of Miami, Florida and north of Bermuda. He suggested that this location would be ideal for a telescope with sensor capabilities if one were to be running the Galileo Project.

Former U.S. Navy Lt. Ryan Graves told Lex Fridman on a podcast that his squadron started getting the UAP hits, once they upgraded their APG-73 radar to the APG-79. He mentioned that the upgrade was something like going from analog to digital and that sometimes they would fly F-18s with the old radar in the morning, and the objects would not be there, but when they swapped to the F-18s with the new radar, the UAP hits would be back again. He also noted that perhaps the new radar was not filtering out something that they should have been yet, or perhaps it had not been calibrated. (Source)

“The radar always picks up everything flying, but they go so fast, you don’t recognize them. Your mind says it could have been an 18-wheeler, it could be something low, I don’t know what it was…”

— John Callahan, FAA Retired at the National Press Club, Washington D.C., 2013. (Source)

There is pretty good evidence that the government has been intercepting UFO signals or emissions since at least the 1950s. In one 1957 case investigated by James E. McDonald, a UFO was simultaneously witnessed by military officers, it was seen on radar and ECM gear detected a certain frequency coming from it. (Source)

{ https://www.howandwhys.com/ }

04-08-2023 om 23:25 geschreven door peter  

What They Don’t Want You To Know About the Tunguska UFO Explosion

In the annals of unexplained phenomena, few events have stirred as much intrigue as the mysterious explosion that shook the remote Tunguska region of Siberia in 1908. Long thought to be the result of a meteor, this astronomical puzzle has seen a resurgence of speculation in recent years with a few daring to suggest an extraterrestrial origin.

Historically, most scientists subscribed to the meteor hypothesis, arguing that a meteorite entering the Earth’s atmosphere at a high speed would have caused the massive explosion, a blast believed to be 1,000 times more powerful than the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima. However, one of the enduring mysteries of the Tunguska Event is the lack of a discernable crater, which typically accompanies meteor strikes.

In contrast, some researchers have recently proposed an extraordinary hypothesis – suggesting that the Tunguska Event was actually the result of an alien spaceship crashing into the Earth. Proponents of this theory argue that the flight path of the object showed signs of being under intelligent control, citing unverified reports that the object made a turn mid-flight – an ability beyond that of a natural meteor.

• The Mysterious Mantell UFO Incident by Crashed …

• The Pilot Who Chased a UFO... and died - Thomas Mantell

Fueling these rumors was none other than Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin. Historical accounts suggest that he believed the Tunguska blast was the result of an alien spacecraft testing an advanced weapon. Stalin, intrigued by this possibility and ever-concerned for Soviet security, assigned some of his top scientists, including Sergey Korolev, to investigate.

Korolev, renowned for his role in developing the Russian space program, found his interest piqued by the peculiarities of the Tunguska event. After organizing an expedition to the area, the team discovered radioactive metallic fragments unlike any found in typical asteroids or meteorites. This discovery led them to a location ominously called the “devil’s graveyard” – an area where no plant life thrived and animals perished, marked by heightened radioactivity levels.

The question remains: if the Tunguska event was indeed an extraterrestrial incident, where did the fragments end up? Some suggest that the remnants were secreted away to Kapustin Yar, a highly classified Russian military base known for its tight security and cutting-edge research.

The suggestion that alien technology was studied and reverse-engineered in the bowels of this secure facility adds an exciting layer to Cold War intrigue. This has led some to draw parallels between Kapustin Yar and the infamous American Area 51, suggesting that these secretive installations were more similar than anyone could have thought.

In the end, the Tunguska event continues to capture our collective imagination. Whether the result of a meteor or a visit from extraterrestrial life, the event serves as a stark reminder of the incredible, sometimes unexplainable, phenomena that exist beyond our everyday perception. As we continue to explore our universe and technology evolves, we may someday unravel the enigmatic mystery of the Tunguska event, be it a tale of a rogue meteor or a testament to an early encounter with otherworldly beings.

VIDEO:

• What They Don’t Want You To Know About the Tunguska Explosion (S2) | UFO Files | The UnXplained Zone

RELATED VIDEOS

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

04-08-2023 om 22:46 geschreven door peter  

Cultures around the world have myths that speak of a mysterious underground kingdom that exists deep within the earth, hidden away from the primitive and violent surface-dwellers: which is us. 

Picture a society untouched by time, unscathed by war, and unaffected by natural disasters. A culture much advanced than we are thriving in the vast open spaces inside the Earth. 

Throughout history, many have looked for physical evidence of its existence, tempted by stories of a peaceful but powerful subterranean civilization with advanced technology and ancient knowledge long forgotten by modern man. 

The existence of the underground Kingdom of Agartha may be true, but it has been hushed up for decades and governments go to great lengths to keep it a secret. 

Remember Admiral Richard Byrd who said that there is something strange about the shape of the Earth in both polar areas and explaining that there is a secret land mass the size of the United States that has never been seen by anyone. 

Yet the John Kerry 11-7-2016 departure trip to Antarctica by discussing the new agreed upon Nation State Treaty, banning private ships from traveling to Antarctica without advanced authorized permission to do so, for another period of 35 years to cover-up the secrets from the past and what to think of the polar orbit satellites, they don't cross some significant areas. 

And it seems that there is also a Secret Antarctic Map that reveals the coordinates how to get to the Hollow Earth 

This is the story of the underground Kingdom of Agartha and the explorers who’ve said that - not only is it a real place - but they know where it is.

  

{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

04-08-2023 om 21:47 geschreven door peter  

Big, Red UFO Hovered over Vandenberg in 2003, Congressional Witness Testifies

Former Navy Pilot Says Unidentified Anomalous Phenomenon Was Seen Above Air Force Base in Santa Barbara County

Reports of a huge, hovering red square above Vandenberg Air Force Base in northern Santa Barbara County were shared at a House of Representatives panel’s hearing on unidentified flying objects last Wednesday, July 26. 

For the last five years, the United States has been slowly leaking bits of information about UFOs, or unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) as they call them. The Indy reported in 2019 that there has been an overall “uptick of interaction with aerial phenomenon” since 2014, according to a spokesperson for naval operations. 

The football-field-sized flying object at Vandenberg was spotted in 2003, according to testimony during the hearing held by the House Oversight Committee’s national security subcommittee.

“A large group of Boeing contractors were operating near one of the launch facilities at Vandenberg Air Force Base when they observed a very large, 100-yard-sided red square approach the base from the ocean and hover at low altitude over one of the launch facilities,” said Ryan Graves, a former U.S. Navy fighter jet pilot and founder of a nonprofit focused on UAP sightings. 

“This object remained for about 45 seconds or so before darting off over the mountains,” he continued. 

Graves, the executive director of Americans for Safe Aerospace, said the sighting occurred around 8:45 a.m., followed by a second sighting only hours later. He said witnesses provided him with information about the mysterious incidents, as they had held onto “official documentation and records” from the event over the years.

“Later in the evening, post sunset, there were reports of other sightings on base, including some aggressive behaviors. These objects were approaching some of the security guards at rapid speeds before darting off,” Graves said.

The Vandenberg Air Force Base — renamed the Vandenberg Space Force Base in 2021 — is no stranger to anomalous phenomena. In 1964, a test missile was destroyed shortly after launch at the base. The event was allegedly filmed by Lieutenant Robert Jacobs, who in 1982 came forward saying a space object approached the missile and shot a plasma-type beam at the dummy warhead from four different angles. His superiors had told him to say nothing of the sighting. 

Graves, one of three former military members to testify at the July 26 hearing, based his discussion around “three critical issues,” including claims that UAP are in our airspace but are grossly underreported, stigma around UAPs is powerful and “challenges national security,” and “the government knows more about UAP than shared publicly, and excessive classification practices keep crucial information hidden.” 

The alleged sighting of a giant, flying red square raises eyebrows. The credibility is questionable — how did others miss it? Nevertheless, reports of odd sightings are becoming more public, and are being treated more seriously by government officials on both sides of the political spectrum. 

Last year, the Department of Defense created the All-Domain Anomaly Resolution Office, or AARO, for handling UAP reports.

The U.S. intelligence community said earlier this year that UFO reporting by U.S. military personnel is increasing, but government officials have emphasized that only a small percentage of those reports could be described as “anomalous.” 

Many representatives at the hearing acknowledged UAPs as a potential threat, which requires government transparency and better understanding of UAPs. That includes efforts to encourage people to come forward with UAP reports, according to Rep. Robert Garcia (D-Long Beach). 

The Independent reached out to Congressmember Salud Carbajal’s office, but they had no comment at this time. 

“The more we understand, the safer we will be,” Garcia said.

{ https://www.independent.com/ }

04-08-2023 om 00:49 geschreven door peter  

Whistleblowing is fundamentally American, since 1778

BY STEPHEN M. KOHN, OPINION CONTRIBUTOR

{ https://thehill.com/ }

04-08-2023 om 00:26 geschreven door peter  

An Intermediate Mass Black Hole (IMBH) is one with a mass between hundreds and thousands of Suns. They aren’t formed by the collapse of a massive star, nor are they the gravitational seeds of galaxies. They’ve only recently been discovered through the gravitational waves of black hole mergers, so they aren’t well understood. We don’t even know how common they might be. But if an IMBH orbits Sag A*, its gravitational pull would affect the orbits of nearby stars also orbiting our supermassive black hole.

In this study, the team looked at the orbit of a star known as S0-2, or S2. It has one of the closest orbits to Sag A*, with an orbital period of just 16 years. It orbits the black hole so closely that you need to take general relativity into account when calculating its orbit, and we have more than two decades of observational data on it. If there is an IMBH orbiting nearby, S0-2 should be affected by it.

The team found that to the limits of observation, there was no evidence of gravitational perturbations on the orbit of S0-2. This doesn’t mean there isn’t an intermediate-mass black hole in the area, but it does put some upper bounds on the mass if it does exist. Based on the data, if a hypothetical IMBH orbits outside the orbit of S0-2, say with an orbital radius between 1,000 AU and 4,000 AU, then it could have a mass no greater than 1,000 to 10,000 Suns. If there is an IMBH orbiting Sag A* closer than S0-2, then it can have a mass no greater than 400 Suns.

Those aren’t tight constraints, but they do confirm that there isn’t a large intermediate black hole orbiting Sagittarius A*. If it has a smaller IMBH companion, it’s currently beyond our ability to detect.

Reference: 

• Will, Clifford M., et al. “Constraining a companion of the galactic center black hole, Sgr A*” arXiv preprint arXiv:2307.16646 (2023).

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

03-08-2023 om 22:06 geschreven door peter  

The Tesla Files & the 11973 Brookhaven Particle Accelerator Death Ray - August 2023

Nikola Tesla, a Serbian-American engineer and physicist made numerous advances in the generation, transmission, and use of electric power. He invented the first alternating current motor and pioneered the development of AC generation and transmission technology.

Despite his notoriety and respect, he never succeeded in turning his innumerable inventions into long- term financial success, unlike Thomas Edison, his main rival and former employer. In this video, we’ll tell you about Nikola Tesla’s last message and his prediction to future generations revealed in old documents.

RELATED

{ https://beforeitsnews.com/ }

03-08-2023 om 21:28 geschreven door peter  

Here are the 5 most memorable moments from Congress’ UFO hearing

03-08-2023 om 20:48 geschreven door peter