Scientists make shocking discovery where the Bible says Moses parted the Red Sea

• READ MORE:  Archaeologists unearth religious relic that depicts Moses

By STACY LIBERATORE FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

Scientists exploring the depths of the Red Sea have discovered natural death traps on the seafloor.

They found brine pools nearly 4,000 feet below the surface of the Gulf of Aqaba, which are up to 10 times saltier than normal seawater and lack of oxygen, essentially killing all life that enters inside.

Researchers speculated that these extreme environments mimic the harsh conditions of early Earth, particularly in the deep sea where life may have first emerged.

Brine pools are rare, with only about 40 ever discovered in the Red Sea, the Mediterranean and the newly named Gulf of America.

The team noted that the pools also act as geological capsules, preserving records of the Gulf of Aqaba's past due to the undisturbed sediment.

They will be able to see information on tsunamis, flash floods, and earthquakes in the region that took place thousands of years ago.

The brine pools were found in a region of the Red Sea believed to be where Moses parted the waters while leading the Israelites to the Promised Land. 

'The NEOM Brine Pools, as we name them, extend the known geographical range of Red Sea brine pools, and represent a unique preservational environment for the sedimentary signals of regional climatic and tectonic events,' the researchers said.

Scientists have discovered four brine pools nearly 4,000 feet below the surface of the Gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea

Since this brine is so dense, it sits at the bottom of the ocean and cannot easily mix with the surrounding salt water

The Gulf of Aqaba is considered mysterious due to its unique geological features, including extreme depths, volcanic activity, and unusual temperature variations at depth.

The region is an elongated strip of the Red Sea that separates the Egyptian Sinai from Saudi Arabia and some experts believe it is where Moses parted the waters while leading the Israelites to the Promised Land.

That is because the Gulf of Aqaba is deeper and wider than other regions of the Red Sea, which could align with the story of Moses in the Book of Exodus.

The Bible also shares how the Israelites traveling through the wilderness before reaching the sea, and some routes near Aqaba may fit the description.

But scientists from the University of Miami uncovered another enigma while exploring the depths with a remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROV) for six weeks.

Professor Sam Purkis said: 'We were very lucky. The discovery came in the last five minutes of the ten-hour ROV dive that we could dedicate to this project.'

The ROV spotted a 'desolate seabed thickly draped with mud' in those final minutes, leading researchers to the brine pools.

Since this brine is so dense, it sits at the bottom of the ocean and cannot easily mix with the surrounding salt water.

In places where the saltwater wells up from the ground, 'brine pools' can form strange underwater lakes and ponds

The parting of the Red Sea appears in the Book of Exodus in the Old Testament of The Bible

In places where the saltwater wells up from the ground, 'brine pools' can form strange underwater lakes and ponds.

While most lifeforms would perish the moment they floated inside, scientists spotted extremophile prokaryotes thriving.

These are single-celled organisms that live in extreme environments with conditions like high temperature, pressure, salinity, acidity or radiation.

The team also found sulfate-reducing bacteria, which turn sulfate into energy.

Scientists found these bacteria have reduced sulfate levels so much in the Gulf of Aqaba that the ratio of sulfate to chloride in the brine is the lowest ever recorded in the area. 

This means the bacteria are playing a big role in changing the water's chemical makeup. 

While most creatures cannot live in the pools, many linger near them due to the bacteria creating food sources for them. The team spotted eels, shrimp and mollusks nearby. 

The team also believes the pools could offer clues to life on other planets, they shared in the study.

Purkis told Live Science: 'Our current understanding is that life originated on Earth in the deep sea, almost certainly in anoxic — without oxygen — conditions.

Deep-sea brine pools are a great analog for the early Earth and, despite being devoid of oxygen and hypersaline, are teeming with a rich community of so-called 'extremophile' microbes. 

'Studying this community hence allows a glimpse into the sort of conditions where life first appeared on our planet, and might guide the search for life on other 'water worlds' in our solar system and beyond.'

The team took core sample from the pools that represented 'an unbroken record of past rainfall in the region, stretching back more than 1,000 years, plus records of earthquakes and tsunami,' Purkis said. 

The findings painted a picture of weather events over the last 1,000 years, showing major floods from rain 'occur about once every 25 years, and tsunamis [take place] about once every 100 years.'

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

22-02-2025 om 01:26 geschreven door peter  

NASA engineers are pressing ahead with preparations for the Artemis II mission unless someone tells them otherwise. The ambitious flight will send four astronauts on a trajectory similar to Apollo 8’s historic lunar journey, with the crew traveling around the Moon in an Orion Capsule before returning to Earth. A crucial milestone in the mission preparations was reached as technicians completed the assembly of the Space Launch System’s twin solid rocket boosters inside the Vehicle Assembly Building. The stacking process began in late November 2024 and concluded on February 19th.

In a significant step forward for our return to the Moon, NASA engineers at Kennedy Space Center have finished assembling the massive solid rocket boosters that will power the Artemis II mission. The stacking operation, completed on 19 February 2025, marks a key milestone in preparation for the first crewed lunar mission since Apollo. As someone who never saw the Apollo Moon landings, I’m excited. 

The assembly process began on 20 November 2024, inside Kennedy’s amazing Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB), where generations of Moon rockets have been built. Using techniques that have been refined over decades of spaceflight experience, technicians employed one of the facility’s overhead cranes to carefully position each segment of the twin boosters.

These solid rocket boosters represent modern engineering at its best, being assembled on Mobile Launcher 1, a huge structure standing 380 feet tall – roughly the height of a 38-story building. This launch platform serves a number of different functions, acting as both the assembly base for the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket and Orion spacecraft, and the launch platform from which the mission will eventually depart for the Moon.

The completed boosters will form part of the most powerful rocket ever built by NASA, more powerful even than Saturn V that took Apollo astronauts to the Moon. When ignited, these twin rockets will generate millions of pounds of thrust, working in together with the SLS core stage to lift the Orion spacecraft and its four-person crew toward the Moon.

Artemis II represents a historic moment in space exploration as the first time humans will venture beyond low Earth orbit since 1972. The mission profile calls for a crew of four astronauts to journey around the Moon in the Orion spacecraft, testing critical systems and procedures before future missions attempt lunar landings.

The successful completion of booster stacking demonstrates the expertise of NASA’s engineering teams. Each segment had to be perfectly aligned and secured, with no room for error in a process that demands accuracy. The boosters will eventually help propel the spacecraft to speeds exceeding 17,000 miles per hour – fast enough to break free of Earth’s gravity and get to the Moon.

With this milestone achieved, NASA continues toward launch, carefully checking and testing each system to ensure the safety of the crew and the success of this ambitious mission to return humans to deep space.

Moon, here we come, once again. 

Source : 

• Artemis II Rocket Booster Stacking Complete

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{ https://www.universetoday.com/  }

21-02-2025 om 14:40 geschreven door peter  

The Greys’ Secrets: Anatomy, Genetics & Human Hybrids Revealed by Whitley Strieber

The phenomenon of Grey aliens has fascinated researchers and enthusiasts for decades, with reports of encounters, abductions, and unexplained experiences fueling discussions about their origin and purpose. In a compelling interview with George Knapp, author Whitley Strieber shared his deep insights into the behavior, abilities, and genetic structure of these mysterious beings. Drawing from his own harrowing abduction experience and years of research, Strieber revealed startling information about the Greys’ anatomy, their genetic makeup, and their interactions with humans.

Understanding the Greys’ Anatomy and Physiology

Strieber’s research suggests that Grey aliens have distinct biological characteristics that set them apart from humans. He claims to have learned a significant amount about their anatomy, highlighting that their bodies are designed for functions beyond human comprehension. Unlike humans, they exhibit abilities such as telepathic communication, self-healing, and the capacity to levitate or move instantaneously from one place to another.

One of the most striking revelations from Strieber is the notion that the Greys have a hybrid nature, blending biological and mechanical components. He suggests that some of them are not entirely organic beings but rather bioengineered entities—biological machines with highly developed cognitive abilities. This unique blend of organic and synthetic elements could explain their remarkable resilience and adaptability.

Furthermore, Strieber points out that their lung function is akin to that of birds, allowing for rapid oxygen exchange, which might contribute to their endurance and ability to operate in different atmospheric conditions. Unlike humans, they do not have vocal cords, relying instead on telepathy for communication.

The Genetic Aspects of Grey Aliens

A significant aspect of Strieber’s revelations is his claim that the Greys are actively involved in genetic experimentation, particularly in the creation of human-hybrid beings. According to him, the primary reason behind their abductions is to collect genetic material from humans, which they use to develop hybrids capable of advanced telepathic abilities.

Strieber explains that these hybrids, while appearing human, possess an enhanced connection to the Greys through their genetic modifications. However, one major limitation of these beings is their inability to produce speech, making their integration into human society difficult. He suggests that they might exist in isolated communities, separate from both humans and full-blooded Greys.

Additionally, Strieber theorizes that the Greys might be working to recover certain abilities that early humans may have once possessed but lost over time. He refers to ancient records of telepathy, levitation, and heightened consciousness, suggesting that human civilization may have undergone a significant evolutionary shift that suppressed these capabilities. The Greys, through their hybridization programs, could be trying to bridge the gap between our current state and a more advanced, interconnected existence.

The Purpose of Human Abductions

One of the most controversial claims made by Strieber is that the Greys have been systematically abducting humans for decades, if not centuries. He believes that these abductions serve two main purposes:

1. Data Collection and Genetic Archiving:
   The Greys have reportedly collected genetic samples from humans, animals, and plants, preserving biological records in case of catastrophic events that could threaten Earth’s biodiversity. Strieber suggests that the Greys might have witnessed the destruction of other civilizations and are attempting to safeguard humanity from a similar fate.
2. Hybridization for Telepathic Communication:
   Through selective genetic modification, the Greys aim to create a species that can seamlessly communicate with them. Telepathy is a fundamental aspect of their existence, and the ability to interact on this level may be crucial for deeper engagement between them and humanity.

A Shift in Human Perception?

The discussion between Knapp and Strieber highlights a broader concern: Is humanity ready to accept the reality of extraterrestrial interaction? Strieber acknowledges that while there has been growing interest in the subject, large portions of the world remain unaware or skeptical. He believes that disclosure efforts, congressional hearings, and whistleblower testimonies are only the beginning of a larger process in which humans will have to reconcile with the existence of these beings.

He also speculates that historical agreements, possibly dating back to the Eisenhower administration, might explain why the majority of abduction reports originate from the United States. While the full details remain unknown, Strieber implies that the government has long been aware of these encounters but has struggled to address them openly.

Conclusion

Whitley Strieber’s insights into the anatomy and genetics of Grey aliens present a compelling narrative about their intentions and interactions with humanity. Whether one believes in the existence of the Greys or not, the recurring patterns in reported abductions, hybrid theories, and telepathic phenomena raise profound questions about the nature of reality and our place in the universe.

As research and testimonies continue to surface, humanity may eventually be faced with undeniable evidence that we are not alone—and that our genetic history may be more intertwined with extraterrestrial life than we ever imagined.

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{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

21-02-2025 om 14:08 geschreven door peter  

• READ MORE:  Two new 5ft-tall 'alien mummies' are discovered in Peru

By STACY LIBERATORE FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

Scientists on a mission to prove Peruvian mummies are aliens have made a new discovery they believe confirms the bodies are authentic. 

Dozens of these specimens were discovered in the Nazca desert by journalist and ufologist Jaime Maussan, which has led to years of investigations to uncover the truth.

Now, the team says they have found evidence of 'cavity fillings and clear evidence of dental work,' suggesting the mummies are biological beings.

Dr José Zalce, former director of the Mexican Navy Medical Department, and his team were investigating one of the mummies they named 'Antonio' when they placed a small camera in the mummy's mouth, capturing footage of what appeared to be amalgam fillings.

This type of filling is made from a mixture of metals, including mercury, silver, copper and tin. That's compared to the more common tooth-colored composite fillings today, which use resin, glass and ceramic particles.

Dr Zalce told DailyMail.com that they found between 28 and 32 teeth, some were broken, and a 3D reconstruction found dental spacing and structions similar to those of primates.

They also probed Antonio's eyes, finding 'desiccated tissue corresponding to the intrinsic eye muscles and what appears to be the residue of the completely desiccated optic nerve,' said Dr Zalce.

'This is yet another piece of clear and irrefutable evidence that these bodies are 100% genuine, real, and organic, having once been alive,'  Dr Zalce said.

Researchers investigating 'alien mummies' found in Peru conducted recent tests on a specimen, probing its mouth with a camera

They place a small camera in the mummy's mouth, capturing footage of what looked like an amalgam filling. This type of filling is made from a mixture of metals, including mercury , silver, copper and tin

Dr Zalce told DailyMail.com that he has analyzed 21 of the strange bodies, finding 'fingerprints, bone wear, dental formations, muscular features and internal organs - proving they're 100 percent real biological organisms.'

The mystery over the mummies began in 2017 when Maussan and a team of self-proclaimed paranormal researchers said they found strange three-fingered 'mummified humanoids' with an elongated skull.

The body was found covered in white powder, which the team said was used to preserve the remains.

And five years later, the tiny beings were paraded through Mexico's Congress where Maussan argued his case and did so on two occasions.

During the second meeting, he brought in a string of doctors who all said the bodies were those of real, once-living organisms - some experts claimed to have studied five similar specimens over four years.

However, scientists outside this group have also studied two mummies and found different results.

Forensic archaeologist Flavio Estrada, who led the analysis, said the claims that the two objects came from another word are 'totally false.'

'The conclusion is simple: they are dolls assembled with bones of animals from this planet, with modern synthetic glues, therefore they were not assembled during pre-Hispanic times,' he said in January 2024.

Antonio was unveiled to the world in December 2024, showing it had three fingers, an elongated head and small, slanted eyes

Another mummy named Paloma was also revealed with Antonio in December, which the team said showed evidence of hair— a first among the mummies 

'They are not extraterrestrials; they are not aliens.' 

However, a former Colorado prosecutor and current defense attorney, who has examined one of the mummies, is also a true believer.

Joshua McDowell told DailyMail.com: 'The bodies studied by Estrada were not related to any specimen that we have studied. They were folk dolls made to look like [mummies] confiscated at the airport.' 

Antonio was unveiled to the world in December 2024, showing it had three fingers, an elongated head and small, slanted eyes. It is unclear why researchers probed this specimen over others, but it was likely due to it being the most recent discovery.

'[Antonio] is approximately 5.5 to 5.7 feet tall,' said Dr Zalce.

He added that either other mummies in their care were also found to have 'have fully identifiable teeth in the tomography images and their 3D reconstruction.

'Teeth can reveal aspects of wear, which correspond to diet, developmental timeline, and certain habits during their lifetime,' Dr Zalce said.

'Teeth are an essential element that must be considered and warrant a specialized forensic dental investigation.'

The team claimed to have conducted a Carbon-14 dating test on the specimen, which determines the age of organic materials by measuring the amount of a radioactive isotope of carbon remaining in a sample.

The team speculated that Antonio is about 1,500 years old. 

The body was mummified with its arms tucked up over its chest and hands nearly touching its shoulders.

Dr David Ruiz Vela, former president of Peru's Medical Association, was the first to analyze Antonio, saying it had human-like organs with a visible brain structure.

He also claimed Antonio had a stab wound in his chest that caused its broken ribs and perforated organs.

'He has a stab that broke his ribs on the left side of his chest, penetrating the chest, abdomen, liver and completely perforating him inside,' Dr Vela said. 

Researchers have suggested that the bodies were fossilized by algae that helped preserve them, along with a highly toxic adhesive that 'does not match those of the time.'

Estrada's statements have not stopped Dr Zalce and his team from looking deeper into the mysterious bodies.

'All serious researchers involved have confirmed that these are non-human bodies with unique anatomical differences, such as tridactyl [three-fingered being], without any traces of artificial manipulation or alteration,' Dr Zalce said.

Another mummy named Paloma was also revealed with Antonio in December, which the team said showed evidence of hair— a first among the mummies.

Dr Ruiz Vela believes Paloma lived for up to 60 years. 

'This is the first time we've found a dried body with hair, hair with copper-colored characteristics,' said Dr Ruiz Vela. 

Jois Mantilla, a journalist who has become dedicated to proving the mummies are real, said that 'more will be revealed in 2025' about the creatures, specifically the secret place for where the bodies have been recovered. 

The location has been kept from the public to keep looters at bay, researchers have said. 

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/  }

21-02-2025 om 00:00 geschreven door peter  

Scientists discover mysterious form of energy in Egypt's pyramids that should only exist in modern times

• READ MORE:  Inside the Great Pyramid of Giza's hidden chamber

By CHRIS MELORE, ASSISTANT SCIENCE EDITOR FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

A new discovery in Egypt's Great Pyramid of Giza suggests the structure was not just a pharaoh's final resting place, but also a giant power plant.

Scientists blasted the 4,600-year-old structure with electromagnetic waves, a form of radiation that travel though the universe, finding it focused and amplified the energy into specific chambers and around the base.

Electromagnetic waves are used in such research because the radiation interacts with matter in unique ways, allowing experts to probe specific details about a structure's composition, arrangement and dynamics.

The waves built up as energy in the King's chamber, the Queen's chamber, and an unfinished chamber beneath the structure. Scientists concluded the Pyramid may have been a gigantic resonator that was designed to trap electromagnetic waves.

Retired aerospace engineer Christopher Dunn, who has spent years analyze the pyramid, recently shared that research like this suggests there was a greater purpose behind the building the structure.

Speaking on the Joe Rogan Experience in April 2024, Dunn said the Northern Shaft of the pyramid has an appearance similar to a ube-like structure used to transmit microwaves and electromagnetic energy.

'That's a part of the theory in the Giza power plant,' he said. 'There are two chemicals that are introduced into the chamber, and the chemicals mix, and they boil off hydrogen [to create energy].'

As for the purpose of turning this structure into a giant clean energy power plant, scientists of the study said it's still a mystery - but the Egyptians may have been much more advanced than anyone thought.

The Great Pyramid of Giza may have been a giant energy resonator, according to scientists examining how it reacts to being bombarded by electromagnetic waves

In simulations, scientists found that energy built up in the pyramid's hidden chambers, including the famous King's chambers near the center of the structure

'I don't think there's any part of that pyramid that did not serve a practical function,' Dunn told Rogan.

Dunn spent 30 years conducting computer analyses of the pyramids, landing on the theory that the ancient Egyptian builders had access to highly refined tools, modern construction techniques, and even mega-machines - despite there being no archaeological record of their use 

The 2018 study, conducted by researchers from ITMO University in Russia, focused on the response of the pyramid to waves with wavelengths between 656 and 1,968 feet, a range commonly associated with radio frequencies. 

Researchers modeled the pyramid as if it were in an enormous environment - meaning they ignored external factors like the Earth's atmosphere or the surrounding landscape - and then examined how the pyramid interacted with incoming waves.

They also conducted their electromagnetic experiments under a more realistic condition in which the pyramid was sitting on top of a limestone surface - similar to its actual location on the Giza Plateau.

The results revealed that the internal structure of the pyramid, including its three chambers, can gather and focus electromagnetic energy received from these waves.

In their theoretical models, when the waves at these specific frequencies interacted with the pyramid, they excited what scientists call 'multipole resonances.'

These are patterns of electromagnetic activity that depend on the shape and material of the object in they're colliding with.

The Great Pyramid contains at least 3 chambers and several shafts, which some believe may have played a role in turning the pyramid into a power plant

The study showed that the King's Chamber, located near the center of the Great Pyramid, concentrated electromagnetic energy more effectively than the other chambers.

In the more realistic scenario where the pyramid sits on limestone substrate, the electromagnetic energy focused underneath the structure, suggesting that the base of the pyramid could have played a critical role in distributing energy. 

Dunn claimed the Queen's chamber was 'a reaction chamber... where the hydrogen was produced.'

'The hydrogen filled the interior spaces of the Great Pyramid, which included the King's chamber,' he told Rogan. 

As for what the Great Pyramid was collecting and what it was gathering it for, Dunn noted that Earth is constantly bombarded by microwaves, possibly from atomic hydrogen dating all the way back to the Big Bang itself.

The tests also revealed that the base of the Great Pyramid of Giza could have played a major role in the structure's ability to send out energy. Pictured is the King's chamber hit with electromagnetic waves

Interestingly, the ancient Egyptians would not have been able to pour hydrogen atoms into the pyramid.

So, Dunn theorizes that they would have used to two separate chemicals, poured down the shafts into the Queen's chamber, which mix and then boil off hydrogen particles - triggering the energy resonance.

As for what those chemicals would have been and how the ancient Egyptians would have known how to do all this is still unclear.

Meanwhile, the Russian researchers believe there are some real-world practical applications that may come from their discovery in Giza.

Using what they learned from the Great Pyramid, the ITMO team said their next goal was to design their own nanoparticles that could recreate the same effects in the radio frequency range.

Those tiny particles, in theory, could help develop new sensors and highly effective solar cells.

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

21-02-2025 om 00:00 geschreven door peter  

Artist's impression of an asteroid or a comet.

Credit: Mark A. Garlick, space-art.co.uk, University of Warwick and University of Cambridge

How Big is YR4 and What Would an Impact Mean?

YR4 measures approximately 40 and 90 meters (130–300 feet) in diameter, comparable in height to the Leaning Tower of Pisa. While relatively small in cosmic terms, an asteroid of this size carries significant destructive potential. If it were to strike Earth, it could unleash the equivalent of 8 megatons of energy—over 500 times more powerful than the Hiroshima explosion. This would be sufficient to devastate a city, though not large enough to trigger a global catastrophe.

There is also a slim possibility that YR4 could collide with the Moon rather than Earth, though the most likely outcome remains a harmless flyby when it makes its closest approach in 2032.

Torino Scale and Emergency Observations

Due to its initial impact probability exceeding 1%, YR4 reached Level 3 on the Torino Impact Hazard Scale. This classification is reserved for objects that warrant further study but are expected to be downgraded as more data is gathered. Most asteroids initially placed at this level ultimately pose no risk once their orbits are better understood.

In response to the early uncertainty, an international team of scientists has been granted emergency access to the James Webb Space Telescope. This advanced observatory will provide highly detailed observations, helping to refine YR4’s projected trajectory. Over the coming months, astronomers expect to confirm that it poses no danger to Earth.

For now, there is no reason for concern. The history of asteroid tracking shows that initial impact probabilities tend to decrease with more precise data. Scientists continue to monitor YR4 closely, but all indications suggest that it will pass by Earth without incident.

As new observations come in, NASA and other space agencies will provide ongoing updates. Follow trusted sources for the latest information on asteroid 2024 YR4 and other near-Earth objects.

{ https://curiosmos.com/ }

20-02-2025 om 23:35 geschreven door peter  

Artist's illustration of an asteroid impacting the Atlantic ocean.

Depositphotos.

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is set to observe the asteroid before it moves out of view, aiming to refine estimates of its size, trajectory, and composition. Once 2024 YR4 travels further into the solar system, gathering new data will become much more difficult.

What Happens If 2024 YR4 Hits Earth?

At an estimated 40 to 90 meters (130 to 300 feet) wide, this asteroid wouldn’t wipe out civilization, but it could cause catastrophic regional destruction.

If it were to strike a populated area, the energy released would be equivalent to 8 megatons of TNT, over 500 times more powerful than the Hiroshima bomb. Possible impact zones include South America, Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia, with major cities like Bogotá, Lagos, and Mumbai at risk.

However, experts have noted an unexpected best-case scenario: an impact on the Moon. If 2024 YR4 were to collide with the Moon instead of Earth, it would remove the risk entirely while providing an unprecedented opportunity for scientists to study an asteroid impact up close.

How Do We Stop an Incoming Asteroid?

Humanity is not defenseless against threats like 2024 YR4. The DART (Double Asteroid Redirection Test) mission, launched by NASA in 2022, successfully altered the trajectory of an asteroid by smashing a spacecraft into it. This marked the first real-world test of asteroid deflection.

Building on that success, the European Space Agency (ESA) launched Hera in October 2024. This follow-up mission is set to analyze the aftermath of DART’s impact, collecting crucial data to refine future planetary defense strategies and better prepare Earth for potential threats.

Meanwhile, nuclear-based asteroid deflection remains a last resort. Scientists at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) have simulated scenarios where nuclear devices could shatter an asteroid into smaller, non-lethal fragments. While controversial, this remains one of the most powerful backup options if an asteroid is detected too late for other interventions.

What Are the Odds of an Asteroid Impact?

Despite the headlines, Earth is not in immediate danger. Space agencies continuously track thousands of near-Earth objects, and NASA estimates that the chance of a “city-killer” asteroid hitting our planet is just 0.1% per year.

Even if an impact were to occur, there’s a 70% chance it would land in the ocean, with another 25% chance it would strike an unpopulated region.

That being said, 2024 YR4 is unique—it’s one of the few asteroids with an impact probability high enough to trigger early planetary defense discussions. If that probability increases further, we may witness history: the first-ever mission to deflect an asteroid outside of a test environment.

With eight years until its potential impact, scientists have time to improve tracking, refine predictions, and prepare defensive measures. NASA, ESA, and China will continue monitoring 2024 YR4, adjusting estimates as more data comes in.

For now, the takeaway is clear: Earth is watching, and if necessary, we are ready to act.

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{ https://curiosmos.com/ }

20-02-2025 om 23:23 geschreven door peter  

Callisto has a different appearance than other suspected ocean moons like Europa and Saturn’s Enceladus. Europa clearly has a white, icy surface, although it has other brownish colours, too. Enceladus has an extremely bright, icy surface and has the highest albedo of any object in the Solar System. Callisto, on the other hand, has a dark, icy surface and is covered in craters.

However, the evidence for its ocean is unrelated to its surface appearance and any visible ice.

The main evidence supporting an ocean on Callisto comes from the moon’s magnetic field. Unlike Earth’s internally generated magnetic field, Callisto’s is induced. That means the field is created from Callisto’s interactions with Jupiter and its extremely powerful magnetic field. For Callisto to induce a magnetic field, it has to have a layer of conductive material.

The question is, is the layer an ocean or something else?

Different researchers have been trying to answer that question since Galileo gathered its data. One of the spacecraft’s instruments was a magnetometer, a type called a Dual-Technique Magnetometer (DTM). There are multiple types of magnetometers, and each one works differently. Galileo’s DTM provided redundancy and allowed for cross-checking, which increased the accuracy and reliability of its data. It was especially good at detecting the subtle magnetic fields of Jupiter’s moons, including Callisto. It also collected data continuously, which let scientists gain insights into how the magnetic fields of Jupiter and its moons varied over time due to different interactions.

In a 2017 paper, researchers pointed to the ionosphere as the primary cause of Callisto’s magnetic fields. “We find that induction within Callisto’s ionosphere is responsible for a significant part of the observed magnetic fields,” the authors wrote. “Ionospheric induction creates induced magnetic fields to some extent similar as expected from a subsurface water ocean.”

New research in AGU Advances based on Galileo data strengthens the idea that Callisto has a subsurface ocean and that it’s responsible for the moon’s magnetic field rather than its ionosphere. The paper is titled “Stronger Evidence of a Subsurface Ocean Within Callisto From a Multifrequency Investigation of Its Induced Magnetic Field.” The lead author is Corey Cochrane, a scientist at JPL who studies planetary interiors and geophysics. An important part of this research is that they considered data from multiple Galileo flybys (C03, C09, and C10).

“Although there is high certainty that the induced field measured at Europa is attributed to a global-scale subsurface ocean, there is still uncertainty around the possibility that the induced field measured at Callisto is evidence of an ocean,” Cochrane and his co-researchers write. “This uncertainty is due to the presence of a conductive ionosphere, which will also produce an induction signal in response to Jupiter’s strong time-varying magnetic field.”

In short, Callisto’s magnetic field could be caused by its ionosphere, an ocean, or a combination of both. The problem is that Callisto’s conductive ionosphere creates a magnetic field that can mask the presence of an ocean. To get to the truth, the authors used previously published simulations of the moon’s interactions combined with “both an inverse and an ensemble forward modeling method.” The authors write that this brings some clarity about the possible range of Callisto’s interior properties.

The researchers created a four-layer model of Callisto, including its ionosphere. “Among these models, we vary the thickness of the ice shell, the thickness of the ocean, and the conductivity,” the authors write. They also varied the seafloor depth and the ionosphere’s conductance.

The researchers concluded that the moon’s ionosphere alone cannot explain the magnetic field. Instead, it “more likely arises from the combination of a thick conductive ocean and an ionosphere rather than from an ionosphere alone.”

They also concluded that the ocean is tens of kilometres thick from the seafloor to the ice shell, and the ice shell could also be tens of kilometres thick. “As our results demonstrate, both the inverse and forward modelling approaches support the presence of an ocean when considering data acquired from flyby C10 alongside C03 and C09,” the researchers explain. “Our analysis, the first to simultaneously fit C03, C09, and C10 flyby data together, favours the presence of a thick and deep ocean within Callisto.”

The models also favour a thick ice shell “consistent with Callisto’s heavily cratered geology,” they explain.

Galileo wasn’t dedicated to studying Callisto, so there is a dearth of data in all research into its magnetic fields. “It is challenging to place tighter constraints on the properties of Callisto’s ocean because of the limited number of close Galileo flybys that produced reliable data and because of the uncertainty associated with the plasma interaction,” the authors write in their conclusion.

Better and more complete data is in the future, though. Both NASA’s Europa Clipper and the ESA’s JUICE mission will gather more data, some of it from very close to Callisto’s surface.

The Europa Clipper is scheduled to make nine flybys of Callisto. Seven will be within 1800 km of the surface, and four of those will be within 250 km. Its magnetometer will operate continuously during those flybys. The ESA’s JUICE mission is scheduled to perform 21 flybys of Callisto. All of them will be within 7000 km of the surface, and most will be below 1000 km.

Both the Europa Clipper and JUICE have instruments that Galileo didn’t have. Though Galileo came within about 1100 km of Callisto’s surface, it simply could not provide the same kind of data that these newer missions will. The Clipper and JUICE are scheduled to reach the Jovian system in 2030 and 2031, respectively.

As their data starts to arrive and reaches scientists, we will likely determine for sure if Callisto is yet another of the Solar System’s ocean moons.

• Press Release: Jupiter’s Moon Callisto Is Very Likely an Ocean World
• Research: Stronger Evidence of a Subsurface Ocean Within Callisto From a Multifrequency Investigation of Its Induced Magnetic Field

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

20-02-2025 om 22:09 geschreven door peter  

Sending crewed missions to Mars presents many challenges, including logistics and health hazards. In the past 20 years, the shortest distance between Earth and Mars was 55 million km (34 million miles), or roughly 142 times the distance between the Earth and the Moon. This was in 2003 and was the closest the two planets had been in over 50,000 years. Using conventional methods, it would take six to nine months to make a one-way transit, during which time astronauts will experience physiological changes caused by long-term exposure to microgravity.

These include muscle atrophy, loss of bone density, a weakened cardiovascular system, etc. Moreover, a return mission could last as long as three years, during which time astronauts would spend at least a year living and working in Martian gravity (36.5% that of Earth). There’s also the risk of elevated radiation exposure astronauts will experience during transits and while operating on the surface of Mars. However, there are also the potential health effects caused by exposure to Martian regolith. As Wang described to Universe Today via email:

“There are many potential toxic elements that astronauts could be exposed to on Mars. Most critically, there is an abundance of silica dust in addition to iron dust from basalt and nanophase iron, both of which are reactive to the lungs and can cause respiratory diseases. What makes dust on Mars more hazardous is that the average dust particle size on Mars is much smaller than the minimum size that the mucus in our lungs is able to expel, so they’re more likely to cause disease.”

During the Apollo Era, the Apollo astronauts reported how lunar regolith would stick to their spacesuits and adhere to all surfaces inside their spacecraft. Upon their return to Earth, they also reported physical symptoms like coughing, throat irritation, watery eyes, and blurred vision. In a 2005 NASA study, the reports of six of the Apollo astronauts were studied to assess the overall effects of lunar dust on EVA systems, which concluded that the most significant health risks included “vision obscuration” and “inhalation and irritation.”

“Silica directly causes silicosis, which is typically considered an occupational disease for workers that are exposed to silica (i.e., mining and construction),” said Wang. “Silicosis and exposure to toxic iron dust resemble coal worker’s pneumoconiosis, which is common in coal miners and is colloquially known as black lung disease.”

Beyond causing lung irritation and respiratory and vision problems, Martian dust is known for its toxic components. These include perchlorates, silica, iron oxides (rust), gypsum, and trace amounts of toxic metals like chromium, beryllium, arsenic, and cadmium – the abundance of which is not well understood. On Earth, the health effects of exposure to these metals have been studied extensively, which Wang and his team drew upon to assess the risk they pose to astronauts bound for Mars in the coming decades:

“It’s significantly more difficult to treat astronauts on Mars for diseases because the transit time is significantly longer than other previous missions to the ISS and the Moon. In this case, we need to be prepared for a wide array of health problems that astronauts can develop on their long-duration missions. In addition, [microgravity and radiation] negatively impact the human body, can make astronauts more susceptible to diseases, and complicate treatments. In particular, radiation exposure can cause lung disease, which can compound the effects that dust will have on astronauts’ lungs.”

In addition to food, water, and oxygen gas, the distance between Earth and Mars also complicates the delivery of crucial medical supplies, and astronauts cannot be rushed back to Earth for life-saving treatments either. According to Wang and his colleagues, this means that crewed missions will need to be as self-sufficient as possible when it comes to medical treatment as well. As with all major health hazards, they emphasize the need for prevention first, though they also identify some possible countermeasures to mitigate the risks:

“Limiting dust contamination of astronaut habitats and being able to filter out any dust that breaks through will be the most important countermeasure. Of course, some dust will be able to get through, especially when Martian dust storms make maintaining a clean environment more difficult. We’ve found studies that suggest vitamin C can help prevent diseases from chromium exposure and iodine can help prevent thyroid diseases from perchlorate.”

They also stressed that these and other potential countermeasures need to be taken with caution. As Wang indicated, taking too much vitamin C can increase the risk of kidney stones, which astronauts are already at risk for after spending extended periods in microgravity. In addition, an excess of idione can contribute to the same thyroid diseases that it is meant to treat in the first place. For years, space agencies have been actively developing technologies and strategies to mitigate the risks of lunar and Martian regolith.

Examples include special sprays, electron beams, and protective coatings, while multiple studies and experiments are investigating regolith to learn more about its transport mechanisms and behavior. As the Artemis Program unfolds and missions to Mars draw nearer, we are likely to see advances in pharmacology and medical treatments that address the hazards of space exploration as well.

Further Reading: 

• GeoHealth

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

20-02-2025 om 21:43 geschreven door peter  

{ https://www.aalter.be/lotenhulle }

20-02-2025 om 20:51 geschreven door peter  

The legend of the 13 crystal skulls is one of mystery, intrigue, and ancient wisdom. According to myth, these skulls hold the complete knowledge of our galaxy and the history of the human race. Twelve are said to represent different worlds where intelligent life once thrived, while the thirteenth serves as the key that unites them all. 

One of the most famous crystal skulls, the Mitchell-Hedges Skull, was discovered in 1927 by archaeologist F.A. Mitchell-Hedges during an excavation at an ancient Mayan site in the dense jungles of Yucatán. This artifact defied conventional understanding of physics and engineering, astonishing scientists at Hewlett-Packard's crystal laboratory, who had never encountered anything like it. 

Other crystal skulls have been found across Central and South America, Mexico, and beyond. Both the Maya and Aztecs are believed to have used them in sacred rituals and ceremonies. Additionally, various Native American tribes and indigenous cultures worldwide have passed down similar stories, linking these artifacts to ancient Atlantean and Lemurian civilizations. 

Crystals can transfer, retain, and amplify energy, focusing and transmitting it over great distances to similar crystals. They also have the capacity to store vast amounts of data and knowledge, much like a computer, and can even be used for communication. Could it be, then, that these crystal skulls possess the same mysterious power as the crystal 'Atlantis' sphere discovered by Ray Brown in the submerged ruins of an ancient temple near Bimini? 

Now, the crystal skulls story spans from ancient Mars to modern-day laboratories, weaving through lost civilizations and CIA psychic programs. As scientists unravel the truth behind these mysterious artifacts, they discover something even more fascinating about the potential of crystal technology.

  

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{ https://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

20-02-2025 om 20:24 geschreven door peter  

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

20-02-2025 om 18:41 geschreven door peter  

Scientists reveal what and where HEAVEN is

• READ MORE: Is there a God? Scientists answer the eternal question

By JONATHAN CHADWICK FOR MAILONLINE

It's an eternal symbol of comfort and hope for billions of people around the world.

But what is heaven, and where is it in relation to our universe?

In the Bible, heaven is described as a realm in the skies above Earth, where ultimate peace and joy can be found under the presence of God.

And in popular culture, it has long been depicted with pearly gates, fluffy clouds and bright, celestial lights.

'Most of us have some concept of heaven, even if it is one formed by movies like What Dreams May Come, The Lovely Bones, or think it involves meeting Morgan Freeman in a white room,' said Robyn J. Whitaker, senior lecturer at the University of Divinity in Australia.

Photos of deep space have also raised hopes that we might be able to spot heaven way above our heads. 

For example, NASA titled one of its photos of Saturn as 'Blue Heaven', while the European Space Agency dubbed a distant nebula a 'Stairway to Heaven'. 

However, according to Professor Whitaker, the truth is that heaven is a 'utopian vision' in our minds of which physical evidence is yet to be found.

In 1994, reports circulated than the Hubble Space Telescope snapped a photo of a brilliant celestial city on the edge of the universe - purportedly heaven

In the Bible, heaven is described as a place of ultimate peace and joy under the presence of God, a realm in the skies above earth. And in popular culture, it has long been depicted with pearly gates, fluffy clouds and bright, celestial lights (file photo)

For Christians, the idea of the dead being in heaven or enjoying paradise often brings comfort to the bereaved and hope to those suffering or dying. 

But in the Christian faith, heaven was originally more about where God lived, not about humanity's ultimate destination if they live a righteous life. 

N.T. Wright, professor of New Testament and Early Christianity at the University of St Andrews, said the way people now talk about heaven is 'deeply unbiblical and misleading'.

'Basically the whole western tradition took a wrong turn in imagining that the aim of the game was 'to go to heaven when we die',' he told MailOnline.   

'The whole Bible is about the God of heaven coming to make his home with us – in Jesus and then in the Holy Spirit.' 

Lari Launonen, philosopher at University of Helsinki in Finland, said many theologians don't like the word 'heaven' as it 'evokes the idea of an ethereal reality with souls hovering around'.

'The Bible actually describes a renewed, physical world – one where we have resurrection bodies, just as Jesus did after rising from the dead,' he told MailOnline.

Famously, at the start of the Bible in the Book of Genesis, we are told that heaven is created by God along with the Earth.

Peter Jackson's 2009 film The Lovely Bones tells the story of a murdered girl (played by Saoirse Ronan) who watches over her family from heaven

Heaven and Earth are united in the 15th century painting 'The Assumption of the Virgin' by Italian artist Francesco Botticini

This contradicts the theory of the Big Bang generally accepted by scientists, where the universe exploded into existence from a single minute point. 

Bible authors imagined Earth to be flat, with the realm of the dead below us and a dome over the Earth that separates it from the heavens. 

Of course, we know the Earth is not flat and this 'three-tiered universe makes no sense to a modern mind', according to Robyn J. Whitaker, senior lecturer at the University of Divinity in Australia

But it helped cement the theory that heaven is in the stars, viewable from Earth – one that continues to circulate in the modern era. 

In 1994, news circulated that the Hubble Space Telescope snapped a photo of a brilliant celestial city on the edge of the universe – purportedly heaven. 

However, the report in Weekly World News – a US tabloid known for fictional stories – and the black-and-white image was easily unravelled as a hoax.

Still, the wondrousness of the cosmos returned by deep space telescopes such as James Webb inspire belief in some kind of divinity out there. 

Although there is zero evidence that heaven is anywhere within our universe, there are earthly locations that at least resemble it. 

The HD 44179 nebula, known as the 'Red Rectangle' has been compared to a 'stairway to heaven' by the European Space Agency

In Saturn's bluish north, day ends for the dreamy white clouds that stretch here into twilight. NASA titled this photo, snapped in 2007, 'My Blue Heaven'

In the Bible, the Garden of Eden – where Adam and Eve reside before being expelled – is the earthly paradise that most closely resembles heaven. 

And the Garden of Eden is 'strikingly' similar' to real-life Persian Royal gardens (paridaida) which date back as far as 4000 BC, according to Professor Whitaker. 

These gardens of Old Iranian origin were rectangular or symmetrical in design and filled with walled enclosures, water fountains and fruit-bearing trees. 

The oldest Persian garden of which there are records belonged to Cyrus the Great, in his capital at Pasargadae, now a World Heritage site to the northeast of Shiraz, Iran. 

More recently-built Persian gardens that still stand include Eram Garden in Shiraz, thought to date back to the 12th century. 

It is these remarkable sites that will perhaps be as close as we can get to witnessing heaven on Earth. 

'Heaven or paradise in the Bible is a utopian vision, designed not only to inspire faith in God but also in the hope that people might embody the values of love and reconciliation in this world,' Professor Whitaker said in a prior piece for The Conversation.

Of course, the existence of heaven outside of our universe entirely depends on your own belief system and who seek guidance from.

The oldest Persian garden of which there are records belonged to Cyrus the Great, in his capital at Pasargadae, now a World Heritage site to the northeast of Shiraz, Iran

Eram Garden, a historic Persian garden in Shiraz, Iran, though to date back to the 12th century. The oldest Persian garden of which there are records belonged to Cyrus the Great, in his capital at Pasargadae, now a World Heritage site to the north of Shiraz, Iran

Professor Stephen Hawking, the English physicist who died in 2018, didn't believe in God or a creator and called heaven 'a fairy story'. 

'I regard the brain as a computer which will stop working when its components fail,' Professor Hawking told the Guardian in 2011.

'There is no heaven or afterlife for broken down computers; that is a fairy story for people afraid of the dark.' 

Dr Launonen – who studies whether scientific explanations of religious beliefs are compatible with a religious worldview – 'wrestled with thoughts' about the afterlife when his three-year-old son died from a rare disease called mucolipidosis.

'Cognitive science of religion suggests that our minds are naturally wired to believe in immaterial minds or souls that survive the death of the body,' he told MailOnline. 

'Some fields of study suggest there are good reasons to believe in life after death. 

'Historians have found evidence for the historicity Jesus' resurrection, while research on near-death experiences suggests that conscious experience may not end in death.'

According to one theory, the fact we have all gone from non-existence (before conception and birth) to existing (life) means we could exist in one form or another after death. 

But whether or not this existence would resemble traditional representations of the afterlife – heaven or indeed hell – remains to be seen. 

WHAT DID STEPHEN HAWKING BELIEVE ABOUT DEATH?

Professor Stephen Hawking had one of the most remarkable brains of the past century. 

The British physicist applied his mind to confront the questions that surrounded the Big Bang, black holes and string theory. 

As well as the most complex and challenging questions in quantum mechanics, Hawking also confronted the challenge of death. 

After being diagnosed with motor neuron disease at the age of 21, he lived with the debilitating illness for 55 years. 

With an initial diagnosis of two years left to live, Hawking defied all odds.

He lived with the prospect of an early death for decades - and it made him confront its dark realities head on.

In a 2011 interview with The Guardian, Professor Hawking said: 'I'm not afraid of death, but I'm in no hurry to die. I have so much I want to do first.'

With such a philosophical approach to life and possessing one of the most analytical minds the world has ever seen, Professor Hawking was inspirational in his strength.

One of the most brilliant minds of all-time, and the leading scholar on the topic of black holes, Professor Stephen Hawking (pictured) believed that life after death was a myth

For many, the comfort of an after life is something which offers reassurance approaching death.

Hawking, however, saw death very differently. 

Although the man inspired millions through his books, lectures, theories and the recent biopic about his life, Professor Hawking did not believe in life after death.  

In the same 2011 interview, he said: 'I regard the brain as a computer which will stop working when its components fail.

'There is no heaven or afterlife for broken down computers; that is a fairy story for people afraid of the dark.'

In the case of Professor Hawking, he believed that living your best life was more important than hoping for a heaven.  

 'We should seek the greatest value of our action,' he said, when asked how we should live.

Arguably the person who understood the foundation of the universe better than anyone, it offered a unique perspective to him.

'Science predicts that many different kinds of universe will be spontaneously created out of nothing. It is a matter of chance which we are in,' he said. 

Hawking was a long-time critic of the idea of a deity and religions. 

He believed that it was natural for people to believe in an all-powerful God before science offered an explanation. 

In his opinion, science now offered a clearer and more thorough explanation than faith. 

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

20-02-2025 om 01:17 geschreven door peter  

Scientists identify 'ferryman' in the brain that transports souls into the afterlife

• READ MORE:  Scientists reveal what and where HEAVEN is 

By ELLYN LAPOINTE FOR DAILYMAIL.COM

The ancient Greeks believed that when people die, their souls are transported across the River Styx and into the afterlife by Charon, the ferryman. 

This myth may have some truth to it as scientists recently found that a psychedelic neurochemical could ferry the human soul into the afterlife.

Called DMT (N,N-Dimethyltryptamine), the naturally occurring molecule is found in plants, animals and perhaps even the human brain. 

When consumed recreationally, it produces powerful visual and auditory hallucinations. 

Researchers at the Imperial College London found signs that DMT could be responsible for vivid hallucinations during near-death experiences (NDEs), which can occur when someone is close to dying. 

Many survivors of NDEs report these inexplicable visions, such as encountering a deceased loved one, seeing heaven or hearing the voice of God. 

The team determined that NDEs share similarities with the experiences of people who have taken DMT recreationally, suggesting the brain might flood itself with this psychedelic neurochemical in the moments before death.

David Luke, associate professor of psychology at the University of Greenwich in London, said there also is some evidence that DMT is released in greater quantities at the point of death in the human brain. 

A growing body research suggests DMT may play an important role in helping the consciousness transition from life to death, causing vivid visual and auditory hallucinations

Luke said the only evidence of the brain releasing DMT at the moment of death has been observed in animals, but from this, experts  'can infer that this also happens [in humans].'

This is a strong indication that it could be happening in humans, as cognitive phenomena in rats often translate to us.

But '[Animals] can have distinctly different ways of producing neurotransmitters and metabolizing compounds,' Amy Reichelt, a neuroscientist and an expert in neurodegenerative disease, told Popular Mechanics.

Therefore, more research is needed to determine whether the hallucinations people experience in the moments before death are actually linked to DMT. 

The overlap between DMT trips and NDEs, however, suggests this could be the case.

The researchers at Imperial College London tested the similarities between the DMT state and NDEs by administering DMT and a placebo to 13 participants who then completed a validated and widely used measure of NDEs.

Their findings, published in the journal Frontiers in Psychology in 2018, revealed 'a striking similarity between these states that warrants further investigation,' according to the report. 

A 2023 study compared the experiences of a person who had both an NDE and a trip on 5-MeO-DMT, finding striking similarities between the two events . Pictured is a model of DMT

In 2023, Luke co-authored a study that sought to learn more about this potential link by comparing the experiences of a person who had both an NDE and a trip on 5-MeO-DMT.

This molecule is very similar to DMT, but its psychedelic effects are not quite as long-lasting and tend to be slightly less intense, according to the Utah Patients Coalition. 

Luke and his colleagues interviewed this person to look for similarities between his NDE and his 5-MeO-DMT-induced psychedelic trip.

'There is a very high level of comparability between the original NDE and psychedelic experiences in general, including shared characteristics such as entering other worlds, meeting menacing or benevolent entities, experiencing synesthesia, perinatal regression, and lucid dreamlike properties,' the study reads.

'Much comparability was also identified with the 5MeO-DMT experience, in particular the major mystical experiential domains, such as ego dissolution, but especially transcendence of time and space.'

The researchers note, however, there were a few unique themes that emerged during the NDE that did not occur during the 5MeO-DMT trip.

Those included encountering the deceased, experiencing a life review (seeing your life flash before your eyes) and seeing 'the threshold,' which can appear as a white light or gateway that represents the point of no return between life and death. 

This suggests these themes may be unique to NDEs. Because of these key differences, the study participant ultimately said his NDE hallucinations could not be definitively linked to psychedelics produced in the brain.

The researchers published their findings in Frontiers in Psychology in 2023. 

While this study challenges the idea that DMT could explain all aspects of NDEs, it still might be part of the puzzle, according to Luke.

At the point of death, the brain undergoes a cascade of neurochemical changes, he explained. That includes surges of serotonin and noradrenaline, which regulate mood, emotions and stress.

DMT may be involved in these neurochemical changes too. Research has shown that this chemical naturally exists in human blood, urine and spinal fluid, so scientists believe it's possible that it could also exist in our brains. 

Researchers will continue to probe this neurochemical to determine whether it truly does help shepherd us toward death. 

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{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/ }

20-02-2025 om 00:26 geschreven door peter  

An illustration of an advanced intelligent alien civilization.

Credit: DepositPhotos

Rethinking Evolutionary Barriers

The study’s lead authors, geobiologist Daniel Mills from the University of Munich and microbiologist Jennifer Macalady from Pennsylvania State University, argue that Earth’s history does not support the idea that intelligent life is a fluke. Instead, they point to multiple lines of evidence suggesting that key evolutionary transitions may not have been as improbable as once thought:

• Multiple Origins of Key Traits – While some biological innovations, like photosynthesis and complex cell structures, were once thought to be one-time events, newer research suggests they may have happened multiple times throughout history.
• Planetary Conditions as a Driving Force – Rather than occurring randomly, evolutionary leaps may have been directly influenced by environmental changes, such as shifts in atmospheric oxygen levels and geological transformations.
• The Timing of Evolution – The study points out that intelligent life did not emerge sooner because Earth simply wasn’t ready. It took billions of years for conditions to become suitable for complex life, and human-like intelligence may have appeared as soon as it became feasible.

This new perspective does not outright disprove the hard-steps model, but it does raise serious questions about its validity. If intelligence was inevitable on Earth, then similar processes could be playing out on countless other worlds.

What This Means for the Search for Alien Life

If intelligence is not a rare cosmic accident, then the search for extraterrestrial life takes on new urgency. Astronomers are already scanning exoplanets for biosignatures—chemical clues in their atmospheres that suggest the presence of life. Oxygen, for example, could indicate biological activity similar to what occurred on early Earth. If we find evidence of such processes elsewhere, it would support the idea that life follows a common pattern throughout the universe.

This shift in thinking may also influence space exploration strategies. If planetary feedback loops drive life’s emergence, then certain types of planets may be more likely to host civilizations. Worlds with active plate tectonics, stable climates, and long-standing oceans could be prime candidates for future missions.

The Broader Implications for Humanity

This research also has profound philosophical implications. Many futurists and space advocates argue that humanity must expand beyond Earth to ensure the survival of intelligent life, assuming we are uniquely positioned in the cosmos. But if advanced civilizations are more common, our existence may not carry the weight of cosmic exclusivity. Instead, our legacy might be just one chapter in a much larger interstellar story.

While this new framework does not provide direct proof of extraterrestrial intelligence, it opens up exciting avenues for future research. Scientists will continue refining models of planetary evolution, conducting lab experiments to understand early life’s biochemical pathways, and using next-generation telescopes to search for habitable worlds. The possibility that intelligence is a common feature of the universe, rather than a miraculous accident, changes how we approach these questions.

As technology advances and our understanding of exoplanets deepens, the answer to whether we are alone may be closer than ever before. Suppose intelligent life is indeed a natural consequence of planetary evolution. In that case, somewhere in the vast reaches of space, other civilizations may be looking up at their own night skies, wondering the same thing.

{ https://curiosmos.com/ }

19-02-2025 om 23:52 geschreven door peter  

What Would Actual Scientific Study of UAPs Look Like?

U.S. Navy video of an anomalous object, known as the GOFAST UFO (highlighted by a red box), includes data about the circumstances of the detection. New research says we need a focused scientific effort aimed at UAP.

Credit: U.S. Navy

Abstract

The phenomenon of Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAPs), commonly referred to as UFOs, has garnered significant attention in recent years from both the public and scientific community. This analysis explores the potential frameworks, methodologies, and challenges involved in a rigorous scientific study of UAPs. We will delve into the history of UAP investigations, the current state of research, and propose a multi-disciplinary approach for future studies. Key considerations will include data collection, analysis techniques, and the importance of collaboration among scientists, engineers, and policymakers.

Introduction

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAPs) have intrigued humanity for decades, often seen as a blend of myth, scientific curiosity, and national security concern. While many narratives surrounding UAPs are steeped in anecdote and speculation, there is an increasing call for a systematic scientific approach to understanding these occurrences. This paper aims to outline what a rigorous scientific study of UAPs would entail, focusing on methodologies, data collection, analysis, and interdisciplinary collaboration.

Historical Context of UAP Studies

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP), commonly known as UFOs, have intrigued humanity for decades. The study of UAPs transcends mere curiosity; it encompasses scientific inquiry, national security, and cultural phenomena. This report aims to provide a historical context for UAP studies, tracing its evolution from early sightings to contemporary investigations and the implications thereof.

1. Early Sightings and Cultural Significance

The fascination with UAPs can be traced back to ancient civilizations. Historical texts from various cultures, including the Egyptians, Greeks, and Mayans, feature descriptions of strange lights and aerial phenomena. For instance, the "Chariots of the Gods" theory posits that ancient astronauts visited Earth, influencing early human civilizations. These early accounts suggest that UAPs have long been part of human mythology, often interpreted as divine or supernatural occurrences.

In the modern era, the term "flying saucer" emerged in the mid-20th century, coinciding with a surge in reported sightings. One of the most notable incidents was the 1947 Roswell UFO crash, which ignited public interest and conspiracy theories surrounding the government’s alleged cover-up of extraterrestrial life. This event marked a significant turning point, leading to the establishment of various organizations dedicated to UAP research.

2. The Cold War Era

The Cold War significantly shaped the discourse around UAPs. During this period, heightened tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union led to extensive military surveillance and intelligence-gathering efforts. The U.S. Air Force launched Project Blue Book in 1952 to investigate UAP sightings, with the aim of determining whether they posed a threat to national security. The project documented over 12,000 sightings, yet it concluded that most could be explained by natural phenomena or human-made objects.

The Cold War context also fueled public paranoia and speculation about aliens and government cover-ups. The fear of the unknown was compounded by the geopolitical climate, leading some to believe that UAPs might be advanced technologies developed by rival nations. This era laid the groundwork for a complex relationship between UAP studies, government secrecy, and public interest.

3. The Scientific Approach

As the decades progressed, interest in UAPs began to shift towards a more scientific methodology. In the 1970s and 1980s, researchers like J. Allen Hynek, who initially served as a consultant for Project Blue Book, began advocating for a rigorous scientific approach to UAP studies. Hynek developed the "Close Encounter" classification system, categorizing sightings based on their proximity and nature. His efforts aimed to legitimize UAP research within the scientific community, although skepticism remained prevalent.

The scientific approach faced challenges, including a lack of funding and institutional support. Nevertheless, in recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in UAPs, driven by advancements in technology and a new wave of scientific inquiry. The establishment of organizations like the To The Stars Academy of Arts & Science in 2017 has further propelled the study of UAPs into the realm of serious research.

4. Recent Developments

The 21st century has witnessed significant developments in UAP studies. In 2020, the U.S. Department of Defense officially acknowledged UAP encounters involving military pilots and released previously classified videos of these incidents. The establishment of the Unidentified Aerial Phenomena Task Force (UAPTF) in 2020 signaled a shift in governmental attitude towards UAPs, emphasizing transparency and the need for further investigation.

Public interest in UAPs has also surged, fueled by documentaries, podcasts, and social media. The combination of governmental acknowledgment and media coverage has led to a cultural renaissance surrounding UAPs, prompting discussions about the implications of potential extraterrestrial life and its impact on society.

5. Conclusion

The historical context of UAP studies is a rich tapestry woven from ancient accounts, Cold War tensions, scientific inquiry, and modern developments. As society grapples with the unknown, the study of UAPs remains a vital intersection of science, culture, and national security. Moving forward, it is essential to approach UAP research with an open mind, recognizing its potential to expand our understanding of the universe and our place within it. The journey into the unknown continues, and with it, the enduring quest for answers.

Current State of UAP Research

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP), commonly known as UFOs, have garnered considerable attention in recent years, particularly following the release of classified military reports and increased public interest. The current state of UAP research is characterized by a blend of scientific inquiry, governmental oversight, and a cultural shift towards acknowledging these phenomena.

In June 2021, the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) released a preliminary assessment on UAPs, summarizing 144 sightings reported by U.S. military personnel between 2004 and 2021. This report acknowledged that most of these incidents remained unexplained, with a small number deemed as potential national security threats. The release marked a pivotal moment, as it suggested a more serious approach to investigating UAPs, moving beyond the stigma that had historically surrounded the topic.

Governmental involvement has increased, leading to the establishment of the All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) in July 2022. This office is tasked with investigating UAPs across all domains, including air, sea, and space. The AARO aims to collect and analyze data related to UAP sightings, working collaboratively with various military and intelligence agencies. This structured approach indicates a commitment to understanding UAPs through rigorous scientific methods.

On the scientific front, researchers are beginning to explore UAPs using advanced technologies and methodologies. Several academic institutions and independent organizations are now focusing on systematic data collection and analysis. Initiatives like the Galileo Project, founded by Harvard astrophysicist Avi Loeb, aim to study UAPs from a scientific perspective, seeking to gather empirical evidence through observational campaigns and data sharing.

Public interest in UAPs has also surged, fueled by social media, documentaries, and high-profile testimonies from former military personnel. This cultural shift creates an environment where open discussion about UAPs is becoming more acceptable, fostering a community of enthusiasts and researchers alike.

Despite the progress, significant challenges remain. The lack of standardized reporting protocols and the often anecdotal nature of UAP sightings complicate serious scientific inquiry. Additionally, the stigma attached to UAPs can deter credible witnesses from coming forward. Furthermore, the scientific community is still divided on the legitimacy of UAP research, with some skeptics questioning its validity and others advocating for more attention and funding.

In conclusion, the current state of UAP research is marked by a growing recognition of the phenomenon's importance, supported by governmental initiatives and scientific endeavors. As investigations continue to unfold, the quest for understanding UAPs appears to be entering a new and promising phase, one that could potentially reshape our understanding of aerial phenomena and their implications for national security and science.

Proposed Methodologies for Scientific Study of UAPs

The study of Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAPs), commonly referred to as UFOs, has transitioned from the realm of speculative inquiry to a subject of serious scientific investigation. As governments worldwide, including the United States, have begun to release previously classified information regarding UAP encounters, the need for rigorous methodologies to study these phenomena has become increasingly apparent. This paper proposes a systematic approach to the scientific study of UAPs, emphasizing the importance of data collection, analysis, and interdisciplinary collaboration.

The Need for Scientific Inquiry

Historically, UAPs have been associated with anecdotal accounts and pseudoscientific theories. However, the emergence of credible reports and the potential implications for national security and scientific understanding necessitate a more structured approach. UAPs may offer insights into advanced technologies, atmospheric phenomena, or even extraterrestrial life, making their study relevant across multiple scientific disciplines.

Defining UAPs: A Clear Taxonomy

Before any scientific study can begin, it is crucial to establish a taxonomy of UAPs that categorizes sightings based on their characteristics, behaviors, and potential origins. This classification could include:

• Natural Phenomena: Atmospheric optics, meteorological events, etc.
• Man-Made Objects: Drones, military aircraft, etc.
• Unknowns: Objects that do not fit into existing categories.

Methodological Framework

The proposed methodologies for the scientific study of UAPs can be organized into four main components: observational studies, data analysis, interdisciplinary collaboration, and public engagement.

1. Observational Studies

   a. Standardized Reporting Protocols
   A key challenge in UAP research is the lack of standardized reporting protocols. Establishing a framework for how witnesses, including military personnel and civilians, report UAP encounters is essential. This framework should include details such as time, location, weather conditions, and the observer's background. Standardized forms can help ensure that data collected is consistent and comprehensive.

   b. Remote Sensing Technologies
   The deployment of remote sensing technologies, such as radar, infrared sensors, and satellite imaging, can significantly enhance the observational capabilities for UAP studies. These technologies should be utilized in conjunction with existing military and civilian monitoring systems to capture UAP incidents in real time. The integration of multiple sensor types can provide a more complete picture of UAP characteristics, including speed, altitude, and maneuverability.

   c. Field Studies
   Conducting field studies in areas with a high frequency of UAP sightings can yield valuable data. Engaging scientists and researchers in these locations can facilitate direct observation and data collection. Additionally, collaboration with local communities can enhance the understanding of the cultural and social contexts surrounding UAP sightings.

2. Data Analysis

   a. Data Integration
   The analysis of UAP data requires the integration of various datasets, including eyewitness reports, sensor data, and environmental conditions. Machine learning algorithms can be employed to identify patterns and anomalies within large datasets, potentially revealing correlations between UAP sightings and specific atmospheric or astronomical conditions.

   b. Statistical Modeling
   Utilizing statistical modeling can help assess the likelihood of various explanations for UAP phenomena. By comparing UAP data against known aircraft, natural phenomena, and atmospheric events, researchers can develop probabilistic models to evaluate the most plausible explanations for observed UAP characteristics.

   c. Longitudinal Studies
   Establishing longitudinal studies that track UAP sightings over time can provide insights into trends and potential changes in frequency or characteristics. Such studies can help distinguish between genuine anomalies and misidentifications of conventional aircraft or natural phenomena.

3. Interdisciplinary Collaboration

   a. Engagement with Scientific Disciplines
   The study of UAPs should involve collaboration among various scientific disciplines, including physics, atmospheric science, psychology, and sociology. Each discipline can contribute unique insights into understanding UAPs, from the physical mechanisms that may underlie their behavior to the psychological factors influencing eyewitness accounts.

   b. Partnerships with Academic Institutions
   Forming partnerships with academic institutions can facilitate research funding, access to expertise, and the development of innovative methodologies. Universities can serve as neutral ground for conducting research and disseminating findings to the public and policymakers.

   c. Involvement of Aerospace and Defense Experts
   Engaging with experts in aerospace engineering and defense can provide critical insights into the technology that may underpin UAP phenomena. Understanding propulsion systems, materials science, and aerodynamics can aid in evaluating the feasibility of proposed explanations for UAP behaviors.

4. Public Engagement and Transparency

   a. Open Data Initiatives
   To foster public trust and engagement, researchers should adopt open data initiatives that allow citizens to access UAP data and research findings. Transparency in research processes can enhance credibility and encourage citizen participation in data collection.

   b. Citizen Science Programs
   Establishing citizen science programs can empower communities to contribute to UAP research. By training volunteers to collect data and report sightings, researchers can expand their observational capacity and foster a sense of community involvement in scientific inquiry.

   c. Educational Outreach
   Educational outreach initiatives can help demystify UAP phenomena and provide the public with a better understanding of the scientific methodologies employed in their study. Workshops, lectures, and online resources can facilitate informed dialogue between scientists and the public.

Challenges and Ethical Considerations

While the proposed methodologies offer a robust framework for UAP research, several challenges must be addressed. First, the stigma associated with UAP sightings can deter credible witnesses from reporting their experiences. Building a supportive environment for open dialogue is essential. Additionally, ethical considerations regarding the treatment of eyewitnesses and the potential implications of UAP research on national security must be taken into account.

Conclusion

The scientific study of UAPs presents a unique opportunity to expand our understanding of the natural world and potentially uncover phenomena that challenge our current scientific paradigms. By implementing standardized reporting protocols, leveraging advanced data analysis techniques, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, and engaging the public transparently, researchers can approach UAPs with the rigor and objectivity they demand. As we stand on the precipice of discovery, it is essential to approach the study of UAPs with an open mind, a commitment to scientific integrity, and a recognition of the profound implications this research may hold for humanity's understanding of its place in the universe.

Data Collection Framework

A comprehensive study of UAPs would necessitate a robust data collection framework, which could include:

• Sensor Networks: Deployment of radar, infrared cameras, and other sensors in strategic locations to capture UAP sightings.
• Crowdsourced Data: Leveraging platforms for individuals to report sightings with time, location, and environmental conditions.
• Partnerships with Aviation Authorities: Collaborating with commercial airlines and air traffic control to gather firsthand accounts from pilots and air traffic controllers.

Standardized Reporting Protocols

To ensure the reliability of data, standardized reporting protocols should be developed. These protocols would guide how sightings are documented, including:

• Detailed Descriptions: Witness accounts should be detailed, including environmental conditions and any physical effects observed (e.g., sounds, lights).
• Geolocation Data: Use of GPS technology to record the exact location of sightings.
• Photographic Evidence: Encouraging the use of smartphones and cameras to capture visual evidence.

Data Analysis Techniques

1. Statistical Analysis

Once data is collected, it must undergo rigorous statistical analysis to identify patterns and anomalies. Techniques may include:

• Frequency Analysis: Examining the frequency of sightings over time and space.
• Cluster Analysis: Identifying hotspots where sightings are more prevalent.
• Comparative Analysis: Comparing UAP data with known phenomena to assess anomalies.

2. Machine Learning and AI

With the increasing volume of data, machine learning algorithms can be employed to assist in identifying patterns that may not be visible through traditional analysis. This can include:

• Anomaly Detection: Algorithms trained to identify sightings that significantly deviate from known categories.
• Predictive Modeling: Using historical data to predict future sightings based on environmental and temporal factors.

Interdisciplinary Collaboration

A rigorous scientific study of UAPs cannot occur in isolation. It requires collaboration among various disciplines:

• Physics and Astronomy: To understand the potential physical phenomena behind UAPs.
• Engineering: To develop and maintain sensor technologies.
• Psychology: To study human perception and reporting biases in UAP sightings.
• Sociology: To explore the societal implications and cultural narratives surrounding UAPs.

Challenges in UAP Research

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP), commonly referred to as UFOs, have captivated the public imagination for decades. The recent surge in interest from both the scientific community and government agencies highlights the importance of understanding these phenomena. However, research into UAP is fraught with challenges that hinder progress and limit our understanding of these mysterious occurrences.

1. Lack of Reliable Data

One of the primary challenges in UAP research is the scarcity of reliable data. Many reported sightings rely on anecdotal evidence from witnesses, which can be unreliable due to human perception and memory biases. Furthermore, the sporadic nature of UAP sightings means that data collection is often inconsistent. Official reports, such as those compiled by the U.S. government, have highlighted this issue, indicating that many incidents lack sufficient documentation or corroborative evidence. Without a robust data set, it becomes exceedingly difficult to draw any definitive conclusions or patterns.

2. Stigmatization of the Field

The stigma surrounding UAP research poses another significant obstacle. Historically, the study of UAP has been marginalized within the scientific community, often dismissed as pseudoscience. This stigma discourages researchers from engaging with the subject, fearing professional repercussions or ridicule. As a result, the field lacks the rigorous scientific scrutiny necessary for credible investigation. Breaking down this stigma requires a cultural shift within academia and the media, promoting an open-minded approach to the study of UAP.

3. Interdisciplinary Nature of UAP Studies

UAP research encompasses a wide range of disciplines, including physics, psychology, atmospheric science, and even sociology. This interdisciplinary nature can complicate research efforts, as experts from different fields may have varying methodologies, terminologies, and theoretical frameworks. Effective collaboration across disciplines is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of UAP. However, achieving this collaboration can be challenging due to differing priorities, funding sources, and institutional barriers.

4. Technological Limitations

The tools and technologies available for investigating UAP are often inadequate. While advancements in sensor technology and data analysis techniques have improved in recent years, the challenge remains to develop reliable instruments capable of capturing UAP phenomena in real-time. Many existing surveillance systems are not designed to track or identify unusual aerial activity, leading to gaps in data collection. Moreover, the interpretation of sensor data can be complicated by atmospheric conditions, background noise, and other environmental factors, making it difficult to distinguish between genuine UAP and mundane objects or phenomena.

5. Government Secrecy and National Security Concerns

Government secrecy surrounding UAP research is another significant barrier. Many UAP incidents are classified due to national security concerns, leading to a lack of transparency that frustrates independent researchers. Agencies may conduct investigations without public oversight, resulting in a significant information gap. While recent initiatives, such as the establishment of the All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office (AARO) in the United States, aim to address this issue, the balance between national security and public knowledge remains a contentious topic.

6. Public Perception and Misinformation

The public's perception of UAP is heavily influenced by popular culture, media portrayals, and misinformation. This can lead to a polarized view of UAP, with some individuals approaching the topic with skepticism and others with unfounded belief in extraterrestrial origins. Misinformation can cloud public understanding and hinder serious scientific inquiry. Researchers must navigate this landscape carefully, aiming to educate the public while maintaining scientific rigor.

7. Funding and Resources

Securing funding for UAP research can be difficult, especially if the topic is viewed as fringe or lacking in scientific validity. Establishing partnerships with governmental and private entities interested in aerospace safety and security could help alleviate this challenge.

Conclusion

Despite the challenges facing UAP research, there is a growing recognition of its importance. Addressing these challenges requires a concerted effort from scientists, policymakers, and the public. By fostering an environment of collaboration, transparency, and open-minded inquiry, we can begin to unravel the mysteries of UAP and gain a deeper understanding of our world and beyond. As interest in UAP continues to grow, it is imperative that we tackle these challenges head-on, paving the way for meaningful advancements in this intriguing field of study.

The scientific study of UAPs represents a unique intersection of curiosity, skepticism, and opportunity. By adopting a multi-disciplinary approach that incorporates rigorous methodologies, data analysis, and collaboration, the scientific community can begin to unravel the complexities surrounding UAPs. As interest in this topic grows, so too does the responsibility to approach it with the seriousness and rigor it deserves. Only through dedicated scientific inquiry can we hope to understand the phenomena that have captivated humanity for generations.

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 { PETER2011 }

19-02-2025 om 22:44 geschreven door peter  

New research aims to explore past efforts, dispel some misunderstandings, and enable future research into UAP.

The research is titled “The New Science of Unidentified Aerospace-Undersea Phenomena (UAP).” The lead author is Kevin Knuth from the Department of Physics at the State University of New York at Albany. The research is available on the pre-press site arxiv.org.

“After decades of dismissal and secrecy, it has become clear that a significant number of the world’s governments take Unidentified Aerospace-Undersea Phenomena (UAP), formerly known as Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs), seriously–—yet still seem to know little about them,” the authors write. “As a result, these phenomena are increasingly attracting the attention of scientists around the world, some of whom have recently formed research efforts to monitor and scientifically study UAP.”

The authors review about 20 historical studies, some done by governments and others by private researchers, between 1933 and the present. Countries include the USA, Canada, France, Russia, and China. Their goal is to summarize and clarify the scientific narrative around UAPs. “Studies range from field station development and deployment to the collection and analysis of witness reports from around the world,” the authors write.

The main obstacle to studying UAPs is that they’re neither repeatable nor controllable. Another problem is that witness reports are unreliable, often explained away as natural phenomena, or dismissed outright by citizens, scientists, and governments. This has dissuaded serious discussion and study and left us in “a rather disconcerting state of ignorance,” the authors write.

Ignorance is seldom desirable, though it can sometimes provide a false sense of relief. Being disconcerted is likewise undesirable. What can be done?

“The problem and opportunity that we face today is that the situation has changed dramatically,” according to the authors. We now know that the US Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) conducted a covert, six-year program called the Advanced Aerospace Threat Identification Program (AATIP) to study UAP. With 50 full-time investigators, the AATIP dwarfed other UAP efforts. The AATIP focused on military-only encounters and considered things like psychic and paranormal phenomena correlated with UAP events. The AATIP created a massive amount of data on UAP that encompassed more than 200,00 cases. (Alarmingly, the effort also produced more than 200 research papers, some over 100 pages long, and none of them have ever been seen by the public or by the US Congress.)

This proves that the effort to study and understand UAP has gained traction and moved from the fringe to the mainstream. It’s a signal that UAP research could see increased funding and resources. According to the researchers, that means there needs to be a coordinated effort. The effort needs to be scientific, and data needs to be shared among researchers.

Enough research has been done to make the next steps clear.

“It is generally agreed that the optimal methodology to study UAP relies on many different types of instruments, spatially separated, to dramatically reduce the possibility of error,” the authors write. “This is the only way in which the scientific community will recognize truly anomalous data.” The authors say that multi-messenger astronomy, in which objects are studied across wavelengths with multiple telescopes, is a good model for the future study of UAP.

Rigor is required for UAP studies and data to be taken seriously. One group arguing in favour of more UAP scientific research is the UAlbany-UAPx Collaboration, an organization that the lead author of this research, Kevin Knuth, is involved with. They developed rigorous definitions of what detections constitute a UAP and recommended that “at least two of each type of sensor and 2+ distinct sensor types” be used in the effort to study UAP.

The future effort to understand UAP must migrate in from the fringes and adhere to scientific standards in other disciplines. “This way, one rigorously quantifies the meaning of extraordinary evidence, in the same way it has been done historically by particle physicists, who have established a very high bar to clear,” the authors write.

The researchers also explain how our burgeoning fleet of satellites could play a larger role in the study of UAP. “UAP researchers are now considering the air and space domains as open-air laboratories, utilizing these vast environments for systematic scientific inquiry,” they write.

Throughout most of history, satellite data has been restricted to large governments and their defence and military organizations. But their monopoly on the data is withering away. Satellite imagery and data are routinely shared with the public and are freely available for scientific use. Coinciding with greater accessibility is greater quality. “Thanks to significant technological advancements and the proliferation of commercial satellite services, access to satellite data has expanded dramatically. In addition, rapid advances in information and communication technologies have opened new avenues for many more actors,” the authors explain.

Though current satellites aren’t aimed at studying UAP, their sensors can be used to examine environments near reported UAP. This brings up another parallel between astronomy and UAP. We have telescopes that scan the sky for transients and when they detect one, they send out urgent messages to other telescopes suited for follow-up observations. The same arrangement could work in the study of UAP.

Advancements in science and astronomy can also benefit the study of UAP. Tools such as cloud computing, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) now enable scientists to gather, store, transmit, and analyze data more efficiently than ever before,” the authors write. There’s an ongoing democratization of data sharing that can be leveraged in the study of UAP.

UAP are not one thing. Only a dedicated, serious effort to understand them as they appear can determine if there’s something there deserving of deeper study. The authors argue that a “paradoxical loop of dismissal in mainstream science” is preventing progress. The paper outlines a way to cancel that paradox based on the sound methods of the scientific method.

The problem is that detecting them scientifically requires a very wide net of detectors and significant resources over long periods of time. That, again, parallels how we do other science. “Only long-term, transgenerational research programs, such as enjoyed by many research programs well established and stabilized within academic science now for many decades, can possibly yield the proper data on which a potential resolution to UAP can be founded,” the authors write.

However, we’re not starting from scratch.

“Our aim here is to enable future studies to draw on the great depth of prior documented experience,” the researchers explain.

Research: 

• The New Science of Unidentified Aerospace-Undersea Phenomena (UAP)

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

19-02-2025 om 20:38 geschreven door peter  

On January 25, 2025, an Oklahoma City man recorded a baffling UFO that he described as a "plasma-filled jellybean." A concerned neighbor also spotted something unusual in the sky and soon, the entire neighborhood gathered outside, to witness the anomaly. 

The mysterious object emitted a glow and moved erratically, mesmerizing onlookers. In his recorded footage, Frederick can be heard narrating the event. "I don’t hear anything, and it's moving unpredictably," he noted. "It looks like a jellybean, but the interior appears to be plasma." 

Frederick decided to launch his drone for a closer look, but upon attempting to deploy his drone, he encountered unexplained technical failures. "My controller provides voice notifications," he explained. "It repeatedly announced, ‘unable to take off, electromagnetic interference." 

After multiple attempts, he finally got the drone airborne, reaching approximately 1,000 feet beneath the UFO. However, just after capturing three images, the drone’s video function failed, and its battery, despite being fully charged, suddenly drained. "It had a 35-minute flight time," Frederick stated. "But right after taking those three pictures, the controller alerted me: ‘low battery, return to home." 

Seeking expert insight, Frederick shared his footage and images with University of Oklahoma physics professor Mukremin Kilic. When asked about the sighting, Kilic remarked, "I don’t know what it is" and suggested the object was likely a drone. However, this theory does not explain why Frederick’s own drone experienced interference, raising further questions about the true nature of the UFO.

  

{ https://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

19-02-2025 om 20:10 geschreven door peter  

One very bizarre monkey-like cryptid allegedly brings us back to the very beginnings of European settlement in America, at a place called the Saco River, which flows down from the White Mountains of New Hampshire, in the United States. Since the time of the first early European explorers, the river has been home to many dark stories, including that it was cursed. In this particular piece of folklore, three sailors apparently went about kidnapping an Indian baby, believing the superstition that these babies could perfectly swim from birth. These sailors threw the baby into the water expecting them to survive and swim, but the child of course drowned in quick fashion. The horrified mother of the infant jumped in after her child and she died as well. When the local shaman heard about this tragic story, he is said to have angrily summoned a malevolent demon called Memeqwasi from the waterfall, which was then tasked with gruesomely killing three men per year in bloody retribution. It is a grim story to be sure, and since then the river was said to be the source of many inexplicable drownings it was widely believed by many of the suspicious populace to be true. What is perhaps even more bizarre is the aquatic, monkey-like beast said to inhabit these waters. 

The monster in this case is said to be human-like in appearance and aquatic in nature, with webbed hands and a tail, and bearing the nickname of the “White Monkey.” Described as a “white salamander” in his journal, even the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints founder, Joseph Smith had a sighting of this otherworldly creature when he was 12 years old, describing it as a “white salamander” and a “white-haired gnome or faerie.”
. There were numerous reports of this pale, simian creature, and one early account of this reads;

“Throughout the years there have been thousands of sightings here on York Hill, of a tiny white-skinned man with webbed hands. He is known by locals as "The White Monkey" or as the French locals call him "le'Etiole" (man from the stars). Sightings have occurred up and down the coast of Maine and Massachusetts, with a few occurring in Hew Hampshire, Vermont, New York, and Quebec. While some speculate that there are many creatures being seen, other suggest that the times, dates, and places suggest that only one creature is in fact being seen, and being seen as he travels from one river to the next. Sightings in multiple places have never occurred simultaneously.

There have been many sightings of "strange white man-beasts" in the swamps and forests along the river. Sightings describe seeing "a white monkey man", "a white salamander man", a "white frog man", lots of "little grey aliens"...the stories vary in many ways but are consistent in one thing: he's small, barely 5 feet tall, has rubbery slimy frog-like stark-snow-white skin, and abnormally large blue eyes rimmed with wide bands of black rings, has teeth like a piranha which he shows if cornered, and he runs away like a scared deer as soon as he's seen, often disappearing into the water - this description remains consistent with every sighting.”

Sightings and mentions of the strange creature dropped off the face of the earth over the years, and now it remains merely a curious historical oddity. What was this creature, and was there anything to this tale? We will probably never know for sure. In 1914 there is a rather odd report of an apparent monkey-like creature captured in the wilds of India. According to a report from the Auckland Star, Volume XLV, Issue 242, 10 October 1914:

“Her appearance is more like that of a monkey than a human being. There is evidence to show that she has always walked upright, but her sitting posture and all her actions are those of a monkey. She was very frightened when first caught, and cried and whimpered. She would eat only grass and raw potatoes, but later was induced to bread and milk. She is, of course, unable to talk. The creature, who has thin and bony hands and nails of extreme length and thickness, has been tied up by the authorities to the pillar of a porch. Her capture is attributed to the fact that the was suffering from an ulcerated foot. She had also deep scars on her head and knees. The capture is much discussed from many aspects, and It is hoped that the head SBd brain measurements may yield results or value to the science of biology and to the students of psychology.”

There is no further mention of this “Monkey Girl,” and is unclear as to what exactly happened to her or if she ever even existed. Just as strange is a curious article in the Cromwell Argus, Volume LVI, Issue 2911, 2 March 1925, talking about “forked tail monkeys” in China. The article reads;

“Monkeys with forked tails will be one of the objectives of an exploring expedition which will start shortly for the province of Kweichow, China. Much doubt exists as to the possibility of finding a forked-tailed monkey, although such a creature has been described in Chinese literature as inhabiting this region, but a species of monkey believed to be the largest species in the world is understood to dwell there, the skin of one having been brought home by an explorer. Few white men have ever this remote region, which is as inaccessible as Tibet. It lies at the back of the great mountain ranges which bound the western watershed of the Yangtze River.”

What in the world? In another report of a captured monkey-like beast, we have a report from the Press, Volume LXXXVII, Issue 26611, 22 December 1951, which reads:

“A letter from Prince Peter of Greece to the “Statesman” to-day told of the capture and escape of a monkey answering ihe description of the legendary Himalayan "abominable snowman.” The Prince, who has been studying anthropology in India, said the Tibetans substituted local barlejl beer for water in a trough from which the monkey drank. After the monkey drank the beer, it fell down drunk and the Tibetans strapped it tightly to a pole, but while they were taking the “snowman” to Kapimpong for exhibition the creature broke its bonds with enormous strength and escaped. The letter said that the monkey was captured in Sikhim. on India's northeastern frontier. It resembled the creature whose footprints were recently photographed bv the British mountaineer, Mr Eric Shipton.”

What was going on here? Who knows? Interestingly, there was a similar case reported from 1987 in the same publication, concerning a “monkey-man” captured in the wilds of China. The report reads”:

“A Chinese “monkeyman” known as a Maogong committed suicide by hanging himself during a show last month, the Shanghai daily “Xinmin Evening News” said in a report received in Peking yesterday. The Maogong, literally “hairy man”, was found hung in his cage in eastern Zhejiang province on November 23 during a nationwide tour organised by the Association for Research into Wild Man, the newspaper said. It said he had been suffering from a stomach complaint, refusing to eat for three days. “The Maogong could not bear his illness or his age. He felt depressed and hanged himself,” the newspaper said. The monkey-man, about 30 years old, was descended from a rare, short-tailed Macaque monkey about 1.06 m tall and totally covered with hair. He often walked upright and “got angry or laughed and fought with animals or men with sticks or stones,” the newspaper said. The Maogong had sparked a flood of speculation in the press on the existence of a “wild man” — the Chinese version of an abominable snowman. He was first captured on October 24, 1984, by peasants from Xinning who had been worried about a “monster” roaming their village and chasing two young girls. The peasants put him on show for three months, reaping 100 yuan (about $4O) a day until the research association confiscated the animal. Chinese scientists discovered a year later that it was a monkey, provoking charges in the Chinese press that the “irresponsible” leaders of the association knew “nothing about anthropology”. The Chinese press frequently carries stories about “monsters” which often turn out to be newly-born babies with congenital defects.”

Odd, indeed. Moving on to other cases of mysterious monkey monsters, for decades there have been sighted strange, ape-like creatures very different from their Bigfoot brethren and more animalistic, which stalk the wilds all over the United States and have remained unexplained. The creatures that have come to be known as Devil Monkeys are generally quite different from typical Sasquatch, to the point that these creatures are considered to be some other type of primate entirely. 

The creature is usually said to stand between 3 to 5 feet in height and is covered with reddish, dark brown, or black shaggy hair that is noticeably thicker around the neck and shoulders. Depending on the report the creature can be tailless or conversely have a prominent bushy tail. The general shape is more like an ape or other large primate than the Sasquatch’s more human-type build, and indeed Devil Monkeys are often described as moving about on all fours rather than biped ally, although they are also said to have powerful legs that enable them to hop about reminiscent of a kangaroo, able to make amazing leaps of distances of up to 20 feet or more. The hands are tipped with wicked claws and the face is typically reported as being muzzled and dog-like or similar to that of a baboon, with a large mouth that is said to hold an imposing array of sharp teeth and oversized canines. Devil Monkeys are most often claimed as being able to produce a variety of very loud whoops, whistles, wails, screams, barks, and various other vocalizations, and are rather known for being extremely aggressive, attacking with little or no provocation.

The sightings that began the whole tale of these bizarre Devil Monkeys allegedly occurred in the area of South Pittsburgh, Tennessee, in 1934. In this year there was a spate of reports by witnesses claiming that they had seen baboon-like creatures leaping, bounding, and dashing across fields and roads with great speed. At the time it was speculated that people may have been seeing escaped kangaroos since they were apparently very good jumpers, but since the reports dried up as suddenly as they started no one knows for sure.

While this is all intriguing, the sighting that put Devil Monkeys on the map didn’t happen until 1959, when a couple by the name of Boyd were driving along a dark and secluded rural road near Saltville, Virginia, along with their daughter, Pauline. At some point during their drive, the monotony of the trees passing by was interrupted by an ape-like beast that barreled out of the wilderness to chase and attack the car without any discernible provocation. Pauline claimed to have gotten a good look at the aggressive creature, saying it looked like a monkey and that “It had light, taffy colored hair, with a white blaze down its neck and underbelly… it stood on two, large well-muscled back legs and had shorter front legs or arms.” Whatever it was apparently left deep scratches and gouges in the vehicle, although none of the occupants were harmed.

Just a few days after this rather frightening incident two nurses were allegedly driving along in the same area near Saltville when they were also attacked by the same creature or something very similar to it. According to the witnesses it viciously clawed and tore at their convertible, actually managing to rip the top clear off the vehicle. They said that they had then begun to scream wildly and that this had frightened the ape-like thing away.

Incidents with these strange creatures continued into the 1970s when something like a large, bushy-tailed ape with a face like a dog was reported as slaughtering and maiming cattle in Albany, Kentucky. So many sightings of this mysterious beast came in that famed cryptozoologist Loren Coleman traveled to the area in 1973 to investigate. While Coleman found no hard evidence of the alleged creature, he came away fairly convinced that something weird was going on, saying, “I interviewed the people, who were very sincere. In the whole context of Devil Monkey reports, it seemed extremely sincere. You have these reports of hairy, monkey-like creatures with tails, very different from Bigfoot.” Something very similar was reported from the backwater areas of rural Georgia in 1979 when a simian entity was sighted several times that was described as having a muzzled snout and a tail “like a beaver’s, but it’s bushy.”

These are far from the last sightings of the Devil Monkey, and such reports have continued well into later years. In 1994 a woman in Roanoke, Virginia, was driving down a dark road at around 2 AM when she was confronted by a very scary creature like "a cross between an ape and a wolf," which materialized out of the night to leap right in front of her. The woman would say it was around 6 feet tall, had a wiry and thin frame and cat-like legs, and was covered in sleek dark fur. US Game & Wildlife officials dismissed the report as merely a wolf or feral dog.

Interestingly, also in 1996, a woman by the name of Barbara Mullins was driving along Louisiana’s Highway 12 when she purportedly noticed a large mass sprawled out on the side of the road. She pulled her vehicle over and got out to investigate, but rather than the dead dog she had been expecting to see, she saw that it was in fact a creature similar in appearance to a baboon, which was about the size of a large dog and had thick shaggy hair, pointed ears, and ape-like arms and legs. Mullins managed to get photographs of the mysterious carcass, which have gone on to stir much debate and controversy as to what they actually show. Do the photos show a dead Devil Monkey, a dog, or what? It remains unknown.

In 1997 a simian creature around 5 feet tall, with pointy ears, a short tail, disproportionately long arms, and a face like a baboon was seen in Dunkinsville, Ohio. Yet another incident happened as recently as 2001, in Danville, New Hampshire, where residents were alarmed by unearthly howls and shrieks in the middle of the night unlike those of any known animal in the area. People who claimed to have seen the creature responsible for the eerie sounds reported that it was a large primate of some sort with a dog-like muzzle, prominent claws, sharp teeth, and a dark reddish brown coat of shaggy hair. Danville’s fire chief even apparently saw the beast, and the creature was purportedly seen at least 9 times over a 2-week period, to the point that it caused a minor mass hysteria. Then the reports just stopped.

Even the bustling city of Chicago, Illinois, had its own sighting in January 2006. On January 12, 2006, one unnamed witness claimed that he had come home to find a “devil-like creature” attacking his family pet, a labrador dog. It was described as “an unusual combination of a monkey, wolf, and devil with long fangs, a monkey-like tail and extremely bright glowing eyes,” and he even claimed to have photographed the incident. Indeed, it was apparently the light of the camera flash that scared the thing off, although the results have left much to be desired, and have proven to be controversial to say the least, with many crying hoax.

In 2009 we have a report from an unnamed wildlife biologist who claimed to have seen a Devil Monkey in rural Louisiana. The witness said that he had seen the creature running through an open field and that he had at first taken it to be a dog, but he would soon realize that he was wrong. The witness would explain his encounter:

“At first I guess I kinda thought it may be a dog, but as it got closer I realized I was wrong. The thing, whatever it was, ran on all fours to a spot in the fence were the trees were about thirty feet apart, and leapt over the five-foot fence in one hop. Once on my side of the fence, this thing stood up on two legs! It was only thirty feet from me at that point, and I got a really good look at it. It was about four feet tall, maybe a little bigger. It had really big, yellowish eyes, large pointed ears, and a sparse coat of shaggy fur. It stood on its tiptoes, and had a long, somewhat bushy tail, kinda like a squirrel, but not nearly as thickly furred. The snout was very cat-like… I was close enough to make out thick hairs on the face. I’m inclined to believe that these may have been whiskers. Once it stood, it kept its arms to its sides, much like a human, but slightly bent at the elbows. Its hands had identifiable fingers with noticeable claws. I know I saw something that day that I could not explain, and I am hard pressed to ask others to blindly accept what I say at face value. I am not trying to convince anyone, but rather find answers for myself… in any case, after considering the evidence, I firmly believe that what I saw was indeed a so-called devil monkey.”

Of course as usual there have been plenty of ideas of what the Devil Monkeys could be. For some, they are an undiscovered species of primate inhabiting the isolated wildernesses of America. For others, they are just misidentified dogs, wolves, coyotes, or even escaped kangaroos. Then there is the idea that these sightings could be the result of exotic escaped monkeys or apes. More out in the realm of the bizarre is that they are mutated experiments, aliens, the Chupacabras, or inter-dimensional beasts. Or maybe this is just all a hoax and an urban legend in the end. No one knows for sure, and Devil Monkey reports still sporadically come in. Whatever they are, it certainly shows that Bigfoot is not the only mysterious ape-like creature to call North America home.

Moving over to the sun-soaked beaches of Japan’s Ryukyu Islands, which include Okinawa island, we have reports of something that seems almost akin to a type of unknown primate. One of the weirdest mystery creatures said to inhabit the Ryukyu Islands is a type of alleged small, hairy ape-like creature called the Kenmun, also known as the Kijinuma in more southern areas. The stories originate from Amami Ōshima, which is the largest island in the Amami chain of islands, in the Northern part of the Ryukyu archipelago. The Kenmun, also variously known as the Kenmon, Kunmon, Kunmu, and Nebuzawa, is said to be around 1 to 1.3 meters tall, about the size of a 5 or 6-year-old child, but with a stocky, muscular build and covered in kinky, reddish or black hair, that looks mussed, matted and dirty. The Kenmun has a face that is most often described as being like that of an ape or monkey, but also sometimes as dog-like. It is a nocturnal animal, with eyes that supposedly glow red in the dark when light catches them. The creature’s arms are disproportionately long compared to the legs, and it is said to be an agile and powerful climber.

The Kenmun is said to be highly arboreal, making its home primarily in banyan trees near the beach, yet it is also supposedly a good swimmer and is thought to prefer habitats near water, such as rivers, lakes or the sea. Its favorite foods are said to be fish, crab, and octopus, as well as shellfish and snails, and indeed it is thought that a sure sign of a Kenmun’s tree is the shellfish and snail shells littering the area under it. The creature is said to be particularly fond of fish eyes, which it will pop out and eat with relish. They are said to be mostly harmless, although the mostly nocturnal creatures are said to spook people at night with their eyes, which supposedly reflect light like a cat’s.

A prominent feature of the Kenmun is its powerful stench, variously described as smelling like goat, horse, and rotting yams. The smell is believed to instill great fear in animals that come into contact with it, and there have been modern accounts of this. For instance, in 1973, a rancher reported that as he moved his cows to pasture, they suddenly became spooked and refused to move. It was strange since they had never acted this way before. The curious rancher took a look around and didn’t see anything unusual, but he became aware of a thick, pungent stench in the air. It was not until the smell passed that the cows finally regained their composure. Similar effects have often been reported on horses and dogs.

Although mostly considered harmless, the Kenmun has a somewhat bad reputation nevertheless. In folklore, it was thought to be a trickster as well as a bit headstrong, known to challenge travelers to wrestling matches. In more modern reports, the creatures are said to steal fish or bait from fishermen, and indeed Kenmun are most often seen by fishermen fishing at night. There have even been cases where the Kenmun has reportedly aggressively tried to scare fishermen away from their catches. Some more violent behaviors include shrieking at passersby and hurling rocks or stones. There have even been accounts of homes being besieged by rock-throwing Kenmun. One man told of seeing a small, dark form sitting alone on the beach one evening, which he at first took to be a child. When he called out to it, the figure suddenly whirled around in surprise and the man was astonished to see that it was a hairy creature like a small ape. This creature proceeded to start throwing rocks at the terrified man, even chasing him to his nearby home, where it continued to pelt the dwelling with rocks for some time before leaving the area.

Although the Kenmun has long been sighted by islanders, physical evidence has mostly taken the form of trees with a disproportionate amount of discarded shells under them, and footprints that turn up from time to time. In November 1986, a man named Isamu Satoyama photographed a series of strange tracks in the sand on a secluded beach. The tracks went on for 500 meters and measured 10 cm by 30 cm in diameter. Similar trackways have been found from time to time in areas the Kenmun are said to inhabit, most often in sand but not always. There was even a plaster cast made of one such print, although it proved to be inconclusive. In more recent years, very few tracks have been found and eyewitness reports are rare.

The Kenmun is not the only type of creature like this to be found in the Ryukyu islands. It is very similar to another mysterious creature known as the Kijimuna, which is said to live in the more Southern Okinawa prefecture and which also prowls the shoreline. What could the Kenmun possibly be? A new type of primate? A hominid or proto-pygmy of some sort? Is this some sort of subspecies of yet another cryptid, the Kappa? Are they just a figment of the imagination? The lack of any new sightings or evidence suggests that if these things ever existed at all, then they may well have already gone extinct or are close to it. If that is the case, then perhaps we will never know what they were or are.

One of the strangest and most violent series of reports concerning a monkey-man of some type began in Delhi, India, in 2001. In May of that year, reports began to pour in of some type of bizarre simian humanoid terrifying the urban populace, described as being about four feet (120 cm) tall, covered in thick black hair, with a metal helmet, metal claws, glowing red eyes and three buttons on its chest. In some of the more outrageous reports it was even seen scooting about on roller skates, and it could reportedly display superhuman jumping abilities, leaping from building to building with ease. This creature was said to attack people at night, causing injuries such as bites, scratches and bruises, to the point that people were afraid to leave their homes at night.

Over 350 sightings of the Delhi Monkey-man were reported, as well as around 60 of these that resulted in a myriad of injuries, with even a few deaths even reported of people falling from great heights in a mad dash to escape from the monster, all while police desperately scattered sketches of the perpetrator and tried to get to the bottom of it all. Suresh Roy, Delhi's joint police commissioner at the time, said:

“We contacted Delhi zoo authorities and the experts say that no simian would ever attack without provocation. We have conducted medical examinations of the victims and nothing concrete has been found. Doctors say the bites are animal bites and not of a human. But then there are some people who have also said that the person uses iron claws and teeth.”

The hysteria got so bad that soon vigilante mobs were roaming the streets at night, seeking justice where they thought the police could not. Overnight vigils and stakeouts were not uncommon, and some people were attacked by these mobs after being mistaken for the mysterious simian specter. In some cases, there were also dozens of serious accidental injuries caused by mobs of people careening off into the night trying to desperately escape from the monster. Throughout this all there was very little evidence that there was any sort of phantom attacker at all. Outside of eyewitness accounts, there were no footprints, no hair samples, and no photographic evidence was provided whatsoever. It did not help matters that there were increasingly hoaxers and copycat attackers running about, making it all very difficult to untangle possible fact from fiction. In the end, the sightings petered out and it has mostly been written off as mass hysteria. Skeptic Benjamin Radford has said of it:

“Social panics do not occur in a vacuum. In the climate of fear that swept New Delhi, people interpreted anything as a threat: Any sound in darkness or cry in the night could be interpreted as an imminent attack. It’s also important to remember the physical environment: crowded, poorly lit sweltering rooftops during rolling blackouts. In a city of 14 million people during a heat wave of over 110 degrees Fahrenheit, the situation was ripe for misperceptions.

There was also the socioeconomic factors of illiteracy and poor education. In a situation reminiscent of the panic and fears surrounding the chupacabra in 1996-1998 Puerto Rico, most of the rumors spread among poor. New Delhi’s wealthiest residents were not sweating and exposed on dark, crowded rooftops but were at home under air conditioning—using portable generators during the blackouts. The religious aspect may also be relevant; the fact that the creature was said to be half (or more) monkey—and not some other wild animal—may be significant. Many people noted that the Monkey Man was reminiscent of Hanuman, a Hindu warrior god depicted as a monkey (or half-monkey) that leads an army…of monkeys. There are also many monkeys in and around the city, so the creature would be a familiar one to New Delhi residents.

Some took the descriptions at face value and thought it was some sort of actual half-human creature, though other explanations included an evil spirit, a robot, “a computerized creature who someone is operating with remote control”; and a terrorist who was using the panic, confusion, and police reaction as a cover for some assassination—possibly by the Pakistani intelligence services, India’s neighbor and arch-enemy. In the final analysis the Monkey Man panic has all the hallmarks of mass sociogenic illness (MSI), or mass hysteria. Mass hysteria is often misunderstood as being an illness that sufferers are making up. In fact the symptoms are verifiable and not imaginary. The issue is instead what is causing the symptoms—whether some external environmental contaminant or instead a form of suggestion-driven social contagion.

Social contagion can easily spread from person to person in tight quarters, and especially during times of high stress and anxiety. Cases of MSI can vary widely in context and manifestation, but typically include the sudden onset of dramatic (yet clinically minor) symptoms. There are underlying psychological and/or environmental stressors, ranging from workplace discipline to boredom (in this case a heat wave). There is usually some trigger, such as an ambiguous smell, sight, or sound. A hallmark is that the phenomenon is socially contagious—that is, it is spread from person to person like a virus, usually people with whom the victim has come in close contact, such as a friend, family member, co-worker, or classmate. Mass hysterias often affect people who have a real or perceived lack of social support, such as those in poverty or subjected to regimented routine and authority (such as in schools, factories, and so on). Many cases of MSI are recognized only after the fact (and sometimes not even then), with victims often vigorously rejecting the diagnosis, assuming incorrectly that it implied that they were mentally ill or making it all up.”

What was the Delhi Monkey Man? Was it a cryptid, an alien, some person dressed up in a costume, or was it really all just mass hysteria conjured up by addled imaginations? In the end, we can ask such questions about all of the cases we have looked at here. Could they all have been the product of hoaxes, mass hysteria, or overactive imaginations? Or is there something more to them? The truth remains elusive. 

{ https://mysteriousuniverse.org/ }

19-02-2025 om 20:02 geschreven door peter  

Strange radio signals traced to outskirts of long-dead galaxy — and scientists aren't sure why

"Of the thousands of FRBs discovered to date, only about a hundred have been pinpointed to their host galaxies," Tarraneh Eftekhari, a co-author of both new studies and an astronomer at Northwestern University, told Live Science. "And those galaxies tend to have a lot of star formation, which means more stars are going supernova."

But then, Eftekhari and her colleagues zeroed in on a new repeating burst, combining 22 signals detected between February and November 2024 by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME), a radio telescope array in British Columbia. The results trace the bursts back to an unexpected culprit: the outskirts of an 11 billion-year-old dead galaxy that should have retired from star formation long ago. But that doesn't necessarily mean it's sparking back to life.

"This observation from a very dead galaxy tells us that there needs to be some other way for an FRB to be produced," Eftekhari said. "This discovery goes against the nicer picture we've had of FRBs so far."

A cosmic "outlier"

According to study co-author Vishwangi Shah, an astronomer at McGill University, FRBs also tend to occur near the centers of galaxies, making this burst from the galaxy's edge even more peculiar. "All of these surprises combined make this FRB an outlier among the larger population," Shah told Live Science.

The team has some ideas of what might be behind the burst. One possibility is that two old stars may have collided. The other is that a white dwarf — the shriveled remains of a dead star — may have collapsed on itself. Either way, the new discovery leaves much to be investigated about the nature of FRBs.

Within the coming months, more of CHIME's telescope array will come online, with the goal of adding hundreds of additional bursts to the FRB inventory, Eftekhari said. "We'll be able to zoom in on the environments of tons more of these events and trace them back to different types of galaxies," she added.

{ https://www.livescience.com/space }

19-02-2025 om 00:00 geschreven door peter