{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

10-01-2026 om 23:37 geschreven door peter  

{ https://www.universetoday.com/ }

10-01-2026 om 23:28 geschreven door peter  

After years of delays and debate, the United States Congress has passed a NASA budget that omits any plan to retrieve several rock and soil samples collected and stored by the Perseverance Rover, including Martian rocks that may contain signs of past or present extraterrestrial life on the Red Planet.

According to the new compromise spending bill for the current fiscal year, it appears Congress has given in to the White House’s demands that resources needed to complete the planned Mars Sample Return (MSR) program be explicitly excluded from any approved budget. While the bill still awaits a final vote in Congress and the President’s signature, NASA officials are sending signals that the MSR program is effectively dead.

“The agreement does not support the existing Mars Sample Return program,” the bill states.

Victoria Hamilton, a planetary scientist at the Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) and chair of NASA’s Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group, described the death of MSR as “deeply disappointing” while also questioning the veracity of the current administration’s stated goals.

“When we’ve got memos coming out saying we want to be the dominant power in space, I wonder how we leave something this ambitious behind,” Hamilton said.

Escalating Cost of Retrieving Martian Rocks has Haunted the MSR Program

Before NASA launched Perseverance in July 2020, mission planners had struggled with the concept of retrieving the samples the rover was tasked with collecting through its mission. Since then, the interplanetary explorer has collected dozens of samples and stored them for the planned future return.

Artist’s concept of the Mars ascent rocket, one component of the effort to collect and send samples of Martian rock back to Earth

(NASA/Public Domain).

During that time, the cost for MSR has continued to rise, with 2024 estimates reaching $11 billion. Regardless of the potential scientific value, the extraordinarily large share of NASA’s science budget that the single mission was projected to consume left planetary scientists working on other stalled or underfunded projects wondering whether the MSR was worth the broader scientific cost.

Repeated threats from Congress to scrap the ambitious yet costly program altogether resulted in a new, stripped-down plan released in January 2025 that came closer to the original $7 billion estimate. Now, it appears even that plan was still too rich for the current administration’s taste, resulting in its explicit exclusion from the new bill.

Funding Could Aid Other Missions and Keep Hopes of MSR Alive

As advocates of the MSR program try to regroup and seek other alternatives to bring the Martian rocks back to Earth to study, NASA’s proposed $7.25 billion science budget offers some hope that a future mission may not be completely off the table.

For example, the bill, which cuts roughly 1% from the 2025 budget, allocates $110 million for a “Mars Future Missions” program to continue developing the key technologies needed for any future sample-return mission. These include further development of landing systems that can survive the thin atmosphere during descent, which has proven challenging and costly for previous missions.

Assuming the bill is signed into law, other missions that have waited patiently for MSR to run its course may see new signs of life. For example, recent discoveries on the moons of Jupiter and Saturn and in the atmosphere of Venus have led to plans for missions to further explore those tantalizing findings. These include plans to explore potential subsurface oceans on Enceladus and Europa for extraterrestrial life.

Is the Search for Extraterrestrial Life on Mars Dead?

Although the newly proposed NASA science budget adds hope to the search for life on other moons and planets, proponents of MSR note the tantalizing cache of samples already collected by the rover since its 2021 arrival.

In 2024, mission operators spotted a surface feature containing mineral deposits called “leopard spots” in a dry riverbed that leads to Jezero crater. NASA scientists note that on Earth, these types of leopard spots are often left by microbial organisms interacting with the rock, making the Chevaya Falls sample arguably the best candidate for containing signs of past life on Mars.

Bethany Ehlmann, a planetary scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder, said scientists eagerly await the opportunity to examine these samples in Earth labs equipped to determine if they do hold signs of extraterrestrial life. Elhman also pointed to the potential for other scientific discoveries that the dozens of samples gathered by Perseverance may hold.

“A rock with a potential biosignature is awaiting return now, and other rocks hold breakthrough discoveries,” the UC Boulder scientist explained.

Unless Congress has an unexpected last-minute change of heart, the new budget has left mission planners wondering about the fate of the samples, as the rover has nearly finished filling its collection tubes.

“We’d really like to hear from NASA sooner than later that they will work with the community on a plan to get these samples,” Hamilton said.

• Christopher Plain is a Science Fiction and Fantasy novelist and Head Science Writer at The Debrief. Follow and connect with him on X, learn about his books at plainfiction.com, or email him directly at christopher@thedebrief.org.

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{ https://thedebrief.org/category/space/ }

10-01-2026 om 21:58 geschreven door peter  

The object’s unique appearance offers astronomers a unique look at the evolution of galaxies early in their formation process and could provide new insights into the mysterious nature of nonluminous dark matter.

“A Tale of a Failed Galaxy”

The absence of stars within Cloud-9 served as a key observation, according to principal investigator Alejandro Benitez-Llambay of the Milano-Bicocca University in Milan, Italy.

“In science, we usually learn more from the failures than from the successes,” Benitez-Llambay said in a statement. “In this case, seeing no stars is what proves the theory right.”

Characterizing Cloud-9 as the cosmic remnant that conveys “a tale of a failed galaxy,” Benitez-Llambay said the discovery offers astronomers a rare glimpse of “a primordial building block of a galaxy that hasn’t formed.”

A Cosmic “RELHIC”

Cloud-9 represents a new class of objects known as Reionization-Limited H I Clouds (RELHICs), where “H I” represents neutral hydrogen. Combined, the term was devised by astronomers to convey the presence of a hydrogen cloud that formed early in the universe, and which had not yet produced any stars.

Like cosmic phantoms, these kinds of objects were long hypothesized, but had never been directly observed until now. Before the recent Hubble observations, astronomers may have mistaken Cloud-9 for a faint dwarf galaxy invisible to telescopes on Earth, as they lack the sensitivity required to detect any stars that might have been lurking in its gaseous body.

“With Hubble’s Advanced Camera for Surveys, we’re able to nail down that there’s nothing there,” said Gagandeep Anand of STScI, the lead author of a new study detailing the discovery.

A Window to the Dark Side

“We know from theory that most of the mass in the universe is expected to be dark matter, but it’s difficult to detect this dark material because it doesn’t emit light,” according to Andrew Fox, a member of the discovery team with the European Space Agency’s Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy/Space Telescope Science Institute (AURA/STScI).

Comparing the cosmic relic to “a window into the dark universe,” Fox said that Cloud-9 has offered he and his international colleagues behind the discovery “a rare look at a dark-matter-dominated cloud.”

A New Theory Emerges

According to current theories, RELHICs may represent clouds composed of dark matter that have failed to accumulate the amount of gas required to form stars. Based on its presence alone, astronomers now hypothesize that Cloud-9 may be the first detection of a variety of small, dark matter-rich failed galaxies that are likely found throughout the universe.

These unique structures have likely evaded detection in the past because traditional observation methods make them very difficult to spot, as they are void of bright objects like stars.

Another unique feature about Cloud-9 is that the clouds it possesses are smaller and more uniform when compared to hydrogen cloud formations observed closer to the Milky Way. Cloud-9 is also closer to possessing a perfect spherical shape, which also contributes to its unique appearance.

With a neutral hydrogen core approximately 4,900 light-years in diameter, based on radio signals emanating from the object. This leads astronomers to conclude that Cloud-9 has a mass roughly one million times greater than that of our Sun. If this estimate is correct, that would mean that the dark matter the object possesses would be equivalent to five billion solar masses.

{ https://thedebrief.org/category/astronomy/ }

10-01-2026 om 21:37 geschreven door peter  

A staggering 250,000 kilometers per hour was the speed at which the comet had rushed through the inner solar system near the Sun–a reminder of how extreme velocities set interstellar visitors apart from homegrown comets. That velocity set the stage for NASA’s newly released close‑up views of 3I/ATLAS, captured by three spacecraft at Mars as the object swept just 18 million miles from the planet, a very unusually intimate pass for an object born around another star.

The sharpest imaging came from the HiRISE camera aboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, which resolved a compact coma appearing as a bright, pixelated sphere at about 19 miles per pixel. While modest in appearance, these data provided crucial constraints on both nucleus size and dust environment. MAVEN’s ultraviolet instrument added a layer of chemical insight to the campaign, as its design for probing tenuous atmospheric gases lent itself to detecting hydrogen signatures tied to water breakdown, thus providing an upper limit on the comet’s deuterium‑to‑hydrogen ratio, an important tracer of the comet’s formation region. Composition-sensitive ultraviolet data of this sort are extremely rare for interstellar objects.

This multi‑spacecraft campaign corresponds to an unprecedented solar system–wide effort. Per ESA, twelve NASA assets have imaged 3I/ATLAS since July, including heliophysics missions that could observe the comet near the Sun when Earth-based telescopes couldn’t track it through the intense glare. Those vantage points allowed for continuous monitoring as 3I/ATLAS passed behind the Sun, enabling high‑cadence studies of its evolving tail geometry. Newly processed images from SOHO and NASA’s PUNCH mission showed the dust tail in late September and early October, capturing distinct jets that intensified after perihelion in late October.

3I/ATLAS as seen from Mars.

Photo shared by NASA Photograph: (NASA)

The pace of the observations then quickened when the James Webb Space Telescope joined the campaign. Its infrared spectrograph measured an unexpected chemical signature: the coma contains nearly eight times as much CO₂ as water vapor. This inversion of the typical cometary ratio is unlike almost every well‑studied solar system comet. “I have never seen such a strong CO2 peak in a comet spectrum,” said Martin Cordiner of NASA Goddard. Because Earth’s atmosphere blocks the relevant infrared wavelengths, only Webb could uncover this composition, hinting that 3I/ATLAS may preserve ice chemistry inherited from a star-forming environment very different from the Sun’s.

Such chemical fingerprints are complemented by orbital analyses that suggest great age. As NASA’s Tom Statler pointed out, the comet may have originated in a system older than the solar system itself: “gives me goose bumps to think about.” Its hyperbolic trajectory confirms that it is indeed an interstellar visitor, and integrations backward in time of its motion indicate it approached from the constellation Sagittarius with a heliocentric velocity in excess of 58 km/s. Investigations using the stellar data from the European Space Agency’s Gaia spacecraft demonstrate that the distribution of the velocity of the comet is indicative of objects that have been ejected from the Milky Way thin disk-a stellar population which contains long‑lived, moderately metal‑poor systems. These results support early theoretical predictions that 3I/ATLAS may have formed billions of years ago.

Amateur astronomers have seized the moment as the comet moves through the predawn sky. Observers say small telescopes can capture a faint, fuzzy glow-an accessible signpost of cosmic material that spent eons drifting between stars before its brief appearance near Earth. Indeed, as NASA’s acting astrophysics director Shawn Domagal‑Goldman put it, “Everyone that is in control of a telescope wants to look at it because it’s a fascinating and rare opportunity.”

Meanwhile, the scientific race goes on, as ESA’s Juice spacecraft conducts its own observations. The main antenna is now serving as a heat shield near the Sun, delaying data return until February, but its unusual geometry also means it will provide some of the highest‑quality post-perihelion measurements. When those data do arrive, they will be joining a rapidly growing archive of multi-wavelength studies and form the most complete portrait ever assembled of an interstellar comet during one solar system passage.

{ Modern Engineering Marvels }

10-01-2026 om 20:07 geschreven door peter  

Humans have always been fascinated with space. We frequently question whether we are alone in the universe. If not, what does intelligent life look like? And how would aliens communicate?

The possibility of extraterrestrial life is grounded in scientific evidence. But the distances involved in travel between the stars are vast. If we do contact aliens, it would likely be via long-distance communication, with our nearest neighboring star being 4.4 light years away. Even being optimistic, it would likely take more than 10 years for any round-trip communication.

How could that work when we have no shared language? Well, consider how we can engage with creatures here on Earth with minds quite alien to our own: bees.

Despite the vast differences in human and bee brains, both of us can do mathematics. As we argue in a new paper published in the journal Leonardo, our thought experiment lends weight to the idea that mathematics may form the basis for a "universal language," which might one day be used to communicate between the stars.

Mathematics as the language of science

The idea of mathematics as universal is not new. Writing in the 17th century, Galileo Galilei described the universe as a grand book "written in the language of mathematics."

Science fiction, too, has long explored the idea of mathematics as a universal language. In the 1985 novel and 1997 film Contact, extraterrestrials reach out to humans using a repeating sequence of prime numbers sent via radio signal.

In The Three-Body Problem, a novel by Liu Cixin adapted into a Netflix series, communication between aliens and humans to solve a mathematical problem occurs through a video game.

Mathematics also features in a 1998 novella by Ted Chiang called Story of Your Life, which was adapted into the 2016 film Arrival. It describes aliens with a non-linear experience of time and a correspondingly different formulation of mathematics.

Real scientific efforts at universal communication have also involved mathematics and numbers. The covers of the Golden Records, which accompanied the Voyager 1 and 2 space probes launched in 1977, are etched with mathematical and physical quantities to "communicate a story of our world to extraterrestrials."

The 1974 Arecibo radio message beamed out into space consisted of 1,679 zeros and ones, ordered to communicate the numbers one to ten and the atomic numbers of the elements that make up DNA. In 2022, researchers developed a binary language designed to introduce extraterrestrials to human mathematics, chemistry, and biology.

How do we test a universal language without aliens?

A creature with two antennae, six legs, and five eyes may sound like an alien, but it also describes a bee. (Science fiction has, of course, imagined "insectoid" aliens.)

The ancestors of bees and humans diverged over 600 million years ago, yet we both possess communication, sociality, and some mathematical ability. Since parting ways, both honeybees and humans have independently developed effective, but different, means of communication and cooperation within complex societies.

Humans have developed language. Honeybees evolved the waggle dance—which communicates the location of food sources, including distance, direction, angle from the sun, and quality of the resource.

Due to our vast evolutionary separation from bees, as well as the differences between our brain sizes and structures, bees could be considered an insectoid alien model that exists right here on Earth. At least for the purposes of our thought experiment.

Bees and mathematics

In a series of experiments between 2016 and 2024, we explored the ability of bees to learn mathematics. We worked with freely flying honeybees that chose to regularly visit and participate in our outdoor math tests to receive sugar water.

During the tests, bees showed evidence of solving simple addition and subtraction, categorizing quantities as odd or even, and ordering quantities of items, including an understanding of "zero." Bees even demonstrated the ability to link symbols with numbers, in a simple version of how humans learn Arabic and Roman numerals.

Bees have demonstrated the ability to learn simple arithmetic and can perform other numerical feats. 

Scarlett Howard

Despite the miniature brains of bees, they have demonstrated a rudimentary capacity to perform mathematics and learn to solve problems with quantities. Their mathematical ability involved learning to add and subtract one, which provides a launching pad to more abstract mathematics. The ability to add or subtract by one theoretically allows bees to represent all of the natural numbers.

If two species considered alien to each other—humans and honeybees—can perform mathematics, along with many other animals, then perhaps mathematics could form the basis of a universal language.

If there are extraterrestrial species, and they have sufficiently sophisticated brains, then our work suggests that they may have the capacity to do mathematics. A further question to be answered is whether different species will develop different approaches to mathematics, akin to dialects in language.

Such discoveries would also help to answer the question of whether mathematics is an entirely human construction, or if it is a consequence of intelligence and thus, universal.

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

• Provided by The Conversation
• This story was originally published on Phys.org.

{ https://theconversation.com/ }

10-01-2026 om 19:50 geschreven door peter  

Back in April, we came across a flashy and almost entirely CGI video of a bizarre concept for a rideable, four-legged robotic “horse.”

The video showed the mysterious concept, dubbed Corleo, roaming rocky terrain, leaping over icy crevasses, crossing snowy landscapes without losing its footing, and traversing a dark forest at night — all while carrying an adult rider on its back and being powered by a hydrogen power cell.

Kawasakiが提案する未来のオフロードパーソナルモビリティ「CORLEO」

While the company behind the idea, Kawasaki Heavy Industries, showed off a full-scale model at an exposition at the time, promising a production-ready device by the far-off date of 2050, we had a lot of trouble believing Corleo was little more than pure vaporware.

But the company has now announced that it’s started to work on turning its ambitious vision into a reality, and decades ahead of schedule. As New Atlas reports, Kawasaki is setting up a dedicated “Safe Adventure Business Development Team,” with the aim of showing off a functioning prototype at the Expo 2030 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

The company is hoping to put the unusual motorcycle on legs on sale by 2035, a lofty plan that still keeps the delivery way well in the future to avoid near-term embarrassment — we’re looking at you, Elon Musk!

According to a press release, Kawasaki is also developing a “riding simulator that enables riding experience of the four-legged mobility vehicle.”

Beyond targeting thrill seekers, the company also suggests that Corleo could be used to “eliminate mountain accidents and make mountainous regions safe and enjoyable for everyone.”

Sure, it may sound like a promising start — but there are plenty of reasons to remain skeptical. For one, achieving the kind of agility the company showed off in its original marketing video will likely remain an enormous engineering challenge.

What exactly a production-ready prototype will be able to do at the Expo 2030 — a mere four years from now — remains unclear as well.

On the other hand, we’ve seen the field of robotics make major leaps and bounds, with an onslaught of humanoid robots that can dance, kickbox, and even cook up an elaborate breakfast. Four-legged robots have similarly learned to effortlessly navigate rugged landscapes and even herd sheep.

In short, for now we’ll reserve judgment — but we’re nonetheless excited about the prospect of a robotic horse that we can ride into the sunset, not unlike Aloy, the protagonist of the popular video game series “Horizon.”

More on Corleo: 

• Kawasaki Shows Off Concept for Rideable Horse Robot
  

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{ https://futurism.com/ }

10-01-2026 om 00:00 geschreven door peter  

Most People Have Never Heard of This Valley That Keeps Capturing UFOs! | Project Hessdalen

Overview

Nestled in the remote Hessdalen Valley of Norway, a persistent mystery has captivated scientists and enthusiasts for over four decades. Project Hessdalen, an internationally recognized research initiative, has dedicated itself to studying the unexplained light phenomena that continue to appear above this quiet landscape. Since the early 1980s, locals and visitors have regularly reported seeing strange orbs, luminous anomalies, and inexplicable lights dancing across the night sky.

These sightings often occur with startling consistency, sometimes as frequently as 20 to 30 times per week, highlighting the persistent and puzzling nature of the phenomena. Despite numerous investigations, camera recordings, and scientific studies, the true origin and nature of the lights remain elusive and unexplained. Researchers have considered numerous theories, ranging from natural atmospheric phenomena to experimental aircraft or even extraterrestrial activity, but no definitive explanations have been confirmed. The Hessdalen lights have attracted researchers from around the world, eager to understand their mysterious origin. The local community has been both intrigued and impacted by these ongoing sightings, with tourism increasing as visitors come hoping to witness the phenomenon firsthand. Overall, the Hessdalen lights continue to challenge our understanding of atmospheric and environmental science, inspiring ongoing scientific exploration and debate. This enduring mystery keeps Hessdalen at the forefront of paranormal and scientific research, fueling curiosity and investigation into one of the most intriguing natural phenomena in modern times.

The Origins of Project Hessdalen

The origins of Project Hessdalen can be traced back to the early 1980s, specifically to the years 1981 and 1982, when Norwegian media outlets first began reporting on the mysterious lights appearing in the Hessdalen Valley. At that time, the sightings were primarily considered a local curiosity—something intriguing yet unworthy of serious scientific inquiry. The reports consisted of vivid descriptions of glowing orbs and strange luminous phenomena that seemed to dance across the night sky, capturing the imagination of local residents and visitors alike. These reports sparked curiosity and interest among the residents and gave rise to a sense of wonder surrounding the Hessdalen lights.

- Photo taken by Kurt Anderssen in 1982. It is taken close to the main road in Hessdalen, towards a flashing light above the mountain Finnsåhøgda. Kurt used a camera standing on a tripod, equipped with a 2000 mm lens, which he had borrowed from Arne P.Thomassen. Kurt managed to take a picture just when the light got in the view of the camera.

As local reports grew more frequent and consistent, the phenomenon began to attract the attention of scientists and researchers, who saw an opportunity to investigate a genuinely unusual natural occurrence. Fred Palisen, who is now the CEO of Project Hessdalen, recalls a pivotal experience from 1983. He explains, “In 83, there were two cars—maybe like six people—who went up the mountain to observe. Just one hour after they had parked and set up camp, they saw something extraordinary: a powerful light moving back and forth, sometimes dipping below the horizon, emitting beams, then moving again.” The sighting was so compelling that it encouraged further investigation.

This first-hand account underscored the need for systematic study rather than dismissing the phenomenon as mere hallucination or urban legend. An observer at the time insisted, “We are scientists. We should study this.” That statement marked a turning point; it demonstrated a shift from casual observation to a scientific approach. Despite initial skepticism from some academics who questioned whether such unexplained lights could be scientifically studied, these early explorers persisted in their efforts, driven by curiosity and a desire to understand what they had witnessed.

The commitment to rigorous observation laid the foundation for the eventual establishment of an ongoing research project in Hessdalen. Over the years, scientists and engineers have deployed sophisticated equipment, including cameras, spectrometers, and radar systems, to monitor and analyze the phenomenon. The project has grown into a collaborative effort involving local residents, international researchers, and technology experts. Today, Project Hessdalen continues to document the lights, striving to find scientific explanations for their origins—whether natural, electrical, or something currently beyond our understanding.

In summary, the origin of Project Hessdalen is rooted in early media reports, local curiosity, and a committed group of investigators who recognized the importance of studying these mysterious geological phenomena. Their efforts have transformed what was once considered a local curiosity into a serious scientific investigation that continues to intrigue researchers worldwide.

Scientific Methods and Technology

Central to Project Hessdalen’s mission is its unwavering dedication to collecting measurable and verifiable data. Since its inception in 1998, the project has pioneered innovative technological solutions to monitor and study the mysterious phenomena observed in the Hessdalen Valley in Norway. One of its most significant advancements is the development and deployment of the "Blue Box," a state-of-the-art autonomous multi-sensor anomaly detection system. This device is regarded as the world's first of its kind, capable of continuously surveilling the sky above Hessdalen without human intervention.

The Blue Box integrates various sensors—such as electromagnetic detectors, spectrometers, and infrared cameras—to capture a comprehensive dataset across multiple spectrums. This continuous monitoring enables researchers to track unusual light sightings, analyze their characteristics, and distinguish between natural and artificial phenomena. The data collected are stored in real-time and can be analyzed later to identify patterns or recurring behaviors, providing vital insights into the bizarre lights that have baffled scientists for decades.

As Palisen, a key researcher involved with the project, explains, the overarching goal is to promote "open science" — where all collected data can be shared openly with scientists worldwide and made accessible to the public. This transparency encourages collaboration and transparency, fostering a global scientific community that can verify findings and explore hypotheses without proprietary restrictions.

The project's approach combines cutting-edge technology with collaborative, hands-on research efforts. In addition to the Blue Box, the team utilizes high-definition video cameras strategically positioned around the valley to capture the phenomena from multiple angles. These video recordings, synchronized with sensor data, allow for detailed analysis of the phenomena in real time and after the events occur.

Moreover, the project actively engages students and international research teams through organized fieldwork, such as science camps and collaborative expeditions. These initiatives not only help gather diverse insights but also promote educational outreach and inspire the next generation of scientists. Overall, the combination of innovative sensors, video monitoring, and a collaborative scientific ethos forms the backbone of Project Hessdalen’s efforts to uncover the truth behind these enigmatic lights.

Theories and Global Interest

The persistent and enigmatic light phenomena observed in Hessdalen have captivated researchers, scientists, and enthusiasts worldwide for decades. These luminous displays, which often appear as bright, rapidly moving or stationary lights in the night sky, have inspired a diverse array of hypotheses attempting to explain their origin. At the more scientifically grounded end, some experts propose that these lights are caused by natural plasma formations resulting from unique atmospheric conditions. Others suggest they may be due to unusual electromagnetic phenomena, possibly related to ionization events in the Earth's ionosphere or interactions between meteorological processes and mineral-rich terrains in the valley.

Additionally, some researchers have explored the possibility that these lights originate from natural atmospheric discharges, similar to ball lightning or other rare electrical phenomena. These ideas are supported by observations of the lights changing speed, shape, and color, sometimes correlating with local weather patterns or atmospheric changes. Conversely, more speculative theories propose extraterrestrial origins, suggesting that the lights could be manifestations of UFO activity or alien visitors observing Earth. These claims, though popular in sensational media, remain fringe within the scientific community, which emphasizes thorough investigation and empirical evidence.

Photo taken by Arne P. Thomassen the 25. September 1982 between 19.00 and 20.00. It is taken from the mountain Finnsåhøgda south, towards east. This photo shows the same phenomena as in this picture, but it was taken some minutes after.

Despite the variety of hypotheses, the researchers involved in the Hessdalen project emphasize a cautious, scientific approach. They are committed to understanding the phenomena through material evidence rather than sensationalism. The core of their work involves extensive observation, data collection, and analysis of the lights using a combination of high-resolution cameras, spectrometers, and sensor arrays. To foster international cooperation and enhance their understanding, the team regularly hosts workshops and conferences that attract experts from around the world. These gatherings provide a platform for sharing footage, sensor readings, and hypotheses, encouraging interdisciplinary collaboration among physicists, meteorologists, astrophysicists, and engineers.

Over the years, peer-reviewed studies have been published based on data collected in Hessdalen, establishing a scientific framework to describe the events, even though the phenomenon itself remains elusive and not fully understood. This ongoing research aims to uncover the underlying causes of the lights, bridging the gap between curiosity and scientific rigor, and maintaining Hessdalen’s reputation as a unique natural laboratory for studying unexplained atmospheric phenomena on a global scale.

Community and Continued Mystery

For Fred Palisen and many involved in Project Hessdalen, the initiative is as much about community engagement as it is about scientific research. He describes his own entry into the project as almost incidental—a joke during a workplace presentation about conspiracy theories led to an unexpected leadership role. Yet, despite the humorous beginnings, the dedication of those involved remains unwavering. The lights of Hessdalen, with their mesmerizing and sometimes haunting displays, continue to inspire both skepticism and wonder. Palisen recalls observing the lights firsthand: "This is a light that was so strong. So it was obviously not a star... It was moving sideways and up and down and sometimes stopping, and then you would have a beam coming down." Such accounts fuel ongoing curiosity about what exactly causes these mesmerizing displays.

Despite decades of observation and technological advancements, the true nature of the Hessdalen lights remains unresolved. Some scientists postulate natural explanations, while others keep an open mind toward extraterrestrial hypotheses. The ongoing efforts of Project Hessdalen exemplify the enduring value of open-minded scientific investigation—demonstrating how persistent curiosity and rigorous methodology can keep a mystery alive. Ultimately, Hessdalen stands as a testament to humanity’s fascination with the unknown and the importance of exploring phenomena that challenge conventional understanding.

In essence, Hessdalen’s unexplained lights serve as a reminder that, sometimes, nature still holds secrets waiting to be unlocked—and that scientific curiosity remains a vital tool in uncovering the truth behind inexplicable mysteries.

{ PETER2011 }

09-01-2026 om 22:32 geschreven door peter  

MUFON Presentation Revealed First Authenticated UFO Contacts by They Fly Productions

Unprecedented physical evidence was analyzed and authenticated by US astronaut, USAF OSI/DoD case supervisor, NASA, JPL, IBM and USGS scientists, plus McDonnell Douglas defense industry, photographic, special effects, and other experts

SEDONA, Ariz., Jan. 7, 2026 /PRNewswire/ -- The formerly tabloid topic of UFOs is now making headlines worldwide, attracting Harvard scientists, military whistleblowers, and is the subject of frequent US government hearings. For almost 60 years, the MUFON organization has researched reports and sightings of UFOs but without finding conclusive, independently authenticated, scientific proof of extraterrestrials, until now.

At his recent presentation for MUFON, in Sedona, Arizona, UFO expert and science researcher for 47 years, Michael Horn, showed dozens of still irreproducible, pre-digital, 35 mm UFO photos and an 8mm video of a spacecraft – now confirmed by independent scientific experts to be extraterrestrial in origin. Horn showed an example of a state-of-the art analysis of one of the photos that revealed never-before seen details that authenticated the UFO.

The clear and often close-up photos, including some of multiple craft – and two claimed to be from within a UFO above the Swiss countryside – were taken by Billy Meier, a reclusive Swiss man, and represented a small sampling of 617 of his remaining photos, which once numbered over 1,200.

The photographic evidence was followed by documentation of what Horn referred to as an even "higher standard of proof", i.e. information that would have required a technology still relegated to the realm of science fiction. Such information has been the subject of several episodes on Redacted, hosted by former News anchor, Clayton Morris, who pointed out that Meier has frequently published "verifiable, copyrighted material" on major international news stories – before the events occurred – which would require…time travel.

Horn showed video clips of Morris, including where he showed that – in 1987 – Meier predicted coming conflicts at the North Pole between the US and Russia, and in 2017 warned about America's "secret plans to attack Russia from Germany", both of which were recently confirmed and – verifiably – published decades ago.

Additionally, Meier's predictions, such as those from 1958 and 1987, specifically foretelling AI and the dangers it poses to humankind, are now being echoed by scientists. Horn said he has made all the documentation, including over 250 of Meier's predictions and the UFO evidence, freely available on his blog so that, like MUFON, everyone interested can determine the truth for themselves.

Video link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e9arJr_x7-I

About They Fly Productions

We publish non-theoretical, evidence-based, information, documentation, scientific analyses, etc., about the Billy M }eier contacts, still ongoing in Switzerland for 84 years, and evidence for which has been analyzed and authenticated by U.S. astronaut, USAF OSI/DoD case supervisor, NASA, JPL, IBM and USGS scientists, plus McDonnell Douglas defense industry, photographic, special effects, and other experts.

Press Contact:

Michael Horn
3108768585
http://www.theyflyblog.com

SOURCE They Fly Productions

09-01-2026 om 21:43 geschreven door peter  

An artist’s illustration of the massive, fast-spinning asteroid 2025 MN45, discovered in the first data from the Vera C. Rubin Observatory. 

(Image credit: NSF–DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory/NOIRLab/SLAC/AURA/P. Marenfeld)

Scientists analyzing the first images from the Vera C. Rubin Observatory have discovered the fastest-spinning asteroid in its size class yet.

The record-breaking space rock, called 2025 MN45, is larger than most skyscrapers on Earth at about 2,300 feet (710 meters) wide. The massive rock completes a rotation in about 113 seconds — making it the fastest-spinning known asteroid over 1,640 feet (500 meters) in diameter.

The research, published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters Wednesday (Jan. 7), is part of an asteroid survey aimed at improving our understanding of how these small bodies formed and evolved.

The study is the first peer-reviewed paper from the Rubin Observatory's LSST Camera — the largest digital camera in the world — which will repeatedly scan the Southern Hemisphere's night sky over 10 years to create an unprecedented time-lapse movie of the universe.

Rocks that roll

Asteroids are essentially large space rocks, and many are remnants of how our solar system appeared early in its 4.5 billion-year-old history, before the evolution of planets and moons. Therefore, by studying asteroids, scientists can figure out how our solar system changed over the eons.

Scientists found 2025 MN45 using the preliminary data release from the Rubin Observatory, which has already revealed thousands of previously unknown asteroids around the solar system after just seven nights of observations. (The 10-year LSST survey has yet to formally begin, but is expected to start in the next few months.)

The asteroid's remarkably fast spin excited the team, as it provides clues about the ancient rock’s composition.

"Clearly, this asteroid must be made of material that has very high strength in order to keep it in one piece," Sarah Greenstreet, an assistant astronomer at the National Science Foundation's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, said in a statement. "It would need a cohesive strength similar to that of solid rock."

"This is somewhat surprising," added Greenstreet, who also leads a Rubin working group about near-Earth objects and interstellar objects, "since most asteroids are believed to be what we call 'rubble pile' asteroids, which means they are made of many, many small pieces of rock and debris that coalesced under gravity during solar system formation or subsequent collisions."

Thousands more to come

In general, fast-spinning asteroids could have reached that state after a collision with another space rock, the study team said. It is also possible that 2025 MN45 is a remnant of a much larger asteroid that was shattered by a cosmic crash.

Most asteroids in the solar system are in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. But most fast-spinning asteroids that astronomers have observed are much closer to Earth, simply because they are easier to see, the study authors noted. 2025 MN45 is a main-belt object, where most asteroids (as they are loose piles of rubble) must take at least 2.2 hours to rotate in order to avoid fragmentation. Anything that rotates faster than that "must be structurally strong," they wrote.

That said, 2025 MN45 is not the only fast spinner in the main asteroid belt. In addition to 2025 MN45, Rubin's first dataset includes 16 "super-fast" rotators, each of which has a rotational period of between 13 minutes and 2.2 hours, as well as two "ultra-fast" rotators with spins of less than two minutes each. All of these asteroids are also longer than 100 yards (90 m), and all but one of the newfound asteroids lives in the main belt.

The commissioning data from Rubin, which was released last June, underwent a deeper look in the new paper, which was also discussed Wednesday at a news conference at the 247th meeting of the American Astronomical Society in Phoenix.

The huge set of observations has about 1,900 never-before-seen asteroids, according to the statement. There will be many more to come when Rubin formally begins its 10-year survey of the sky in the coming months.

In particular, the initial results suggest that crashes may not be the only way asteroids reach extreme speeds, perhaps pressing astronomers to develop new explanations.

{ https://www.livescience.com/space }

09-01-2026 om 21:24 geschreven door peter  

{ https://scientias.nl/nieuws/astronomie-ruimtevaart/ }

09-01-2026 om 20:52 geschreven door peter  

The smell of space has been described as similar to the smell of something cooking on a charcoal grill. 

Rbkomar/Getty Images

{ https://science.howstuffworks.com/ }

09-01-2026 om 20:41 geschreven door peter  

President Donald Trump has allegedly been 'fully briefed' on what the US government has been keeping secret about UFOs and alien life living among humans.

In a recent interview, whistleblower and retired US Air Force Major David Grusch claimed that Trump has received reports on crashed spacecraft and non-human remains retrieved by the US, the origins of these beings, and their intentions.

Grusch, a current advisor to Congress's UAP Task Force, said the president could soon become the 'most consequential leader in world history' by publicly disclosing what America has kept hidden about extraterrestrials.

'Members of this current administration are very well aware of this reality. Certainly, the current president is very knowledgeable on this subject,' Grusch told Fox News.

To this point, previous White Houses, the US military, and even NASA have all denied that humans have made contact with alien life or have ever recovered extraterrestrial technology from crashed UFOs.

No physical evidence has ever been presented publicly that would back up the stories by countless civilians, scientists, and military personnel over the decades, who claim to have seen or interacted with beings from another world.

However, Grusch said the US military has not only recovered UFOs and alien bodies, but he personally viewed intelligence reports, data, and even pictures of non-human bodies with his own eyes.

The whistleblower also allegedly told members of Congress that Trump was even briefed during his first term about the existence of multiple alien races and how one species has been crossbreeding with humans.

David Grusch (Pictured) recently revealed that President Trump has been briefed on the existence of aliens and the effort to recover crashed UFOs

President Trump (Pictured) expressed skepticism that reports of UFOs and alien encounters were real during a June 2024 interview with Logan Paul

Grusch spent 14 years in the Air Force before working as an intelligence officer for the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), which builds and lunches surveillance satellites for the Pentagon.

From 2019 to 2021, he represented NRO on the UAP Task Force, but eventually became a whistleblower after allegedly learning that elements of the US government had prevented Congressional oversight on matters related to extraterrestrials.

In 2023, he testified before Congress, claiming that secret government departments had been running UFO retrieval and reverse-engineering programs for decades.

When asked if he would declassify the files about aliens on the Lex Fridman Podcast in September 2024, then-candidate Trump said: 'Sure, I’ll do that. I would do that. I’d love to do that. I have to do that.' 

Missouri congressman Eric Burlison previously echoed Grusch's statements, revealing the alleged existence of at least four alien species humans secretly know about.

Burlison added that Grusch had briefed the president on the existence of a race known as the 'Nordics,' which are generally human in appearance, with fair skin and blond hair, who have created alien-human hybrids.

'He [Grusch] said that the Nordic aliens are like a few hundred years more advanced than we are, but they're not super advanced,' Burlison said during an X space interview on June 27.

'He says that there are aliens that are crossbreeds living in the world,' the congressman added, noting that Grusch did not have an answer when asked how humans would be able to tell if someone was an alien hybrid.

In September, Congressman Eric Burlison of Missouri revealed video of a US military drone striking an orb-shaped UFO with a missile, which bounced off and did not stop the craft

Grusch described an alien race called 'the Greys' as being thousands of years more advanced than humans or other alien species humans know about (Stock Image)

Burlison, who appointed Grusch to the government's UAP committee, added that the Air Force veteran described another alien race called the Greys as being thousands of years more advanced than humans.

According to Grusch's reports, these aliens, who were shorter with grey skin and large black eyes, were responsible for sightings of craft that defied gravity and controlled technology using their minds.

As for whether these aliens were peaceful or coming to Earth with hostile intentions, Grusch revealed last month that the US has seen a 'mixed bag of activity.'

'We can't quite understand the intent of some of the sentients and why they're visiting. Could it be because we have interesting genetic material on Earth? We're a Jurassic Park tourist attraction for them. [It] could be a myriad of reasons,' he told Bret Baier of Fox News on November 21.

The UAP advisor added that the US was in a secret arms race with Russia and China, who have also captured and crashed alien spacecraft and have been working to reverse engineer the technology.

Although Grusch believed Trump may soon decide to release the classified reports on extraterrestrial programs and encounters, the president has previously said he was a skeptic when it comes to UFO conspiracies.

'People who are very smart and very solid have said they believe there is something out there, and you know it makes sense that there could be. I've never been convinced, even despite that, you know, I just for some reason it's not my thing,' Trump told the Impaulsive podcast in June 2024.

Despite the skepticism, Grusch claimed that the White House was motivated to 'do the right thing' in terms of disclosing all the whistleblower information Congress has been investigating regarding UFOs.

The Daily Mail has reached out to the White House for comment regarding the claims in Grusch's interview.

Grusch noted, however, that he and others have faced intimidation and threats of physical harm to stay quiet about the existence of alien life, but he did not name who has been behind the cover-up.

'I was physically threatened even before I sent in my intelligence community inspector general report under the previous administration,' the whistleblower alleged.

'I actually had to go and and seek legal protection that way because I was, you know, literally in fear both professionally and in my personal life.'

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/index.html }

09-01-2026 om 20:17 geschreven door peter  

CIA makes shocking statement about mysterious interstellar visitor that upends NASA's comet story

• MORE: The five unsolved mysteries of 2025 that captivated the world 

By CHRIS MELORE, US ASSISTANT SCIENCE EDITOR

A shocking admission by the CIA has just reopened the mystery surrounding 3I/ATLAS, the interstellar object speeding through our solar system.

Although NASA has claimed the object is an ordinary comet, an icy rock with a long tail of gas and dust, intelligence officials have refused to answer whether they investigated the possibility that 3I/ATLAS is an extraterrestrial craft. 

In response to a November 2025 Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request regarding the supposed comet, the CIA said it could 'neither deny nor confirm the existence or nonexistence of records' regarding 3I/ATLAS.

The federal government had maintained that the object showed no signs of harboring alien life or that it was an artificially constructed spacecraft since it was detected in July 2025.

However, the CIA still decided to provide what is known as a 'Glomar response.' It's a way for the government to say, 'We're not going to tell you if we have information or not, because even admitting that could reveal sensitive secrets.' 

Harvard professor Avi Loeb has continued to challenge NASA's claims, highlighting that 3I/ATLAS has exhibited at least 12 strange behaviors that scientists have not been able to explain as natural occurrences.

Those anomalies include the object having a bright 'anti-tail' pointing in the opposite direction of a normal comet, course changes that defy the laws of gravity, and a nickel shell, which is a metal typically used by spacecraft to deflect heat.

'That this information is treated as sensitive enough to be classified by the CIA is surprising, given that NASA officials stated decisively at a press conference on November 19, 2025, that 3I/ATLAS is definitely a comet of natural origin,' Loeb said.

Amateur stargazers have taken clear images of the interstellar object 3I/ATLAS (Pictured) using common telescopes during its journey through the solar system

The CIA has released a statement neither confirming nor denying any investigations into 3I/ATLAS, complying with a November 2025 FOIA request

As 3I/ATLAS nears Jupiter on March 16, the Harvard physicist said the new revelations by the US intelligence community suggest the government has secretly investigated the possibility that the object is a hostile threat, as he theorized last year. 

The Daily Mail has requested comment from both the CIA and NASA and is awaiting a response.

The FOIA request was submitted by UFO and government conspiracy researcher John Greenewald Jr, who noted in a post on X that he was filing an appeal to get a clearer answer from the CIA.

Greenewald Jr added that he has filed the same request for information regarding 3I/ATLAS with NASA and other US agencies and is still waiting for them to reply.

FOIA requests are part of US law that lets anyone, including citizens, journalists, and researchers, ask government agencies for documents or records on a specific topic.

The agency must give a response, but it can withhold revealing details if the information is classified for national security reasons or falls under certain exemptions.

'Very interesting, apparently CIA [director John] Ratcliffe knows something,' one person on social media alleged. 

The new revelations have come months after NASA completely dismissed the possibility of 3I/ATLAS being extraterrestrial in origin, with space agency administrator Nicky Fox saying they've found nothing 'that would lead us to believe it was anything other than a comet.'

However, NASA's November announcement created more doubt about the object's origins than it solved, as the agency was widely mocked for the blurry images it released of 3I/ATLAS.

Many critics quickly pointed out that amateur astronomers with common telescopes had been taking much clearer photographs of the alleged comet as it approached Earth in December, despite being over 200million miles from the object.

In comparison, NASA Mars orbiters were less than 20million miles away from 3I/ATLAS in early October 2025, but still only returned heavily pixelated images of the visitor, which caused some to claim it was a cover-up.

'NASA officials were encouraged to deliver the likely scientific interpretation, while at the same time, the serious consideration of a black swan event by the CIA was hidden from public view to prevent panic from taking hold for no good reason,' Loeb speculated in a statement published Monday.

A black swan event is a rare, totally unexpected happening that's highly unlikely but could have huge, world-changing consequences for the Earth.

In the case of the interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS, Loeb said if the tiny chance that the object was artificial alien technology turned out to be true, it would be a massive shock with enormous implications for humanity, including proving aliens exist.

The cryptic response from the CIA adds another layer to the eight-decade conspiracy theory UFO believers have had, claiming that the US government has been concealing what it knows about extraterrestrial life.

Just days after Greenewald Jr's FOIA request was submitted in November, the hit documentary 'The Age of Disclosure' was released, interviewing 34 US government, military, and intelligence officials about their knowledge of an alleged UFO cover-up.

Despite the speculation, the US military and federal government have said there has never been any physical proof that UFOs or beings from other planets exist.

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/index.html }

09-01-2026 om 18:34 geschreven door peter  

Psychic's terrifying 2026 prediction comes true just one week into the new year

• MORE: Wild theory claims the world actually ended in 2012

By CHRIS MELORE, US ASSISTANT SCIENCE EDITOR

An award-winning psychic's concerning prediction for 2026 appears to have already come true, as a series of large earthquakes have rattled the globe.

Jill M Jackson, a spiritual teacher and author from Mississippi, had warned of increased earthquakes this year, especially along the US West Coast and in Asia, with 'major water events' being strengthened by the quakes and causing larger floods.

In just the first seven days of 2026, nearly 100 earthquakes greater than 4.5 in magnitude have been recorded worldwide, according to the US Geological Survey (USGS).

Moreover, 10 large earthquakes over magnitude 5.0 have struck the Pacific Rim in the last two days, impacting Japan, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Russia.

That wave of seismic activity included a major 6.4 magnitude quake that struck the Philippines just after 10pm ET Tuesday night.

Jackson warned Americans to get prepared now, including those living in states such as California, Oregon, and Washington, which could be impacted by several dangerous fault lines sitting along the West Coast.

'There's a lot of changes coming. There's a lot of earth changes coming. I see land shifting... And it's important for us to be in a place of preparation. Pay attention to water and things like that,' she revealed. 

One major earthquake has already struck North America in 2026. A magnitude 6.5 quake rocked southern Mexico on January 2, sending shockwaves all the way to Mexico City and forcing hundreds of residents to evacuate buildings.

The US Geological Survey has recorded 95 earthquakes greater than 4.5 in magnitude since the start of 2026, with most centered along the Pacific Rim

Jill M Jackson (Pictured) issued several predictions for 2026, including an economic downturn in the US that would cost many people their jobs

Jackson, who has been named 'Psychic of the Year' twice, added in a recent interview that Earth would see an 'amplification' in the intensity of earthquakes, including in Japan, Indonesia, and Thailand.

She predicted stronger flooding risks would emerge for islands in the Caribbean, the Indian Ocean, and the Pacific this year as well.

In November 2025, Jackson accurately predicted the major 7.6 magnitude quake striking off Japan's Aomori Prefecture on December 8, 2025, causing injuries, damage, and tsunami alerts.

Her newest predictions come after a year where Californians were repeatedly rattled by significant tremors along the state's coastline and swarms of minor quakes which lasted for days at a time. 

In November and December, more than 300 earthquakes rattled the same region in California, sparking fears among locals that the infamous 'Big One' could soon strike and devastate the West Coast.

San Ramon in the East Bay was the epicenter of this seismic activity, which sits on top of the Calaveras Fault, an active branch of the notorious San Andreas Fault system.

The Calaveras Fault is capable of producing a magnitude 6.7 earthquake, which would impact millions of people in the San Francisco Bay Area. USGS has previously estimated there is a 72 percent chance of this happening by 2043.

A rupture along the larger, 800-mile-long San Andreas fault would likely cause even more destruction, with the latest simulations of a magnitude 7.8 earthquake striking near Los Angeles predicting 1,800 deaths, 50,000 injuries, and $200 billion in damages, according to the Great California ShakeOut.

The Great California Shakeout predicted that a 7.8-magnitude earthquake could kill 1,800 people and cause $200 billion in damages in Southern California alone

Jackson (Pictured) has said she began seeing spirited at birth and was able to communicate with them since the age of 12

The psychic's forecast for the new year also included a plea for Americans to prepare for significant instability in the US economy, leading to many job losses.

'I do see a lot of polarity... A lot of ups and downs. It's going to feel like a roller coaster. Sadly, I do see a lot more people losing their jobs in 2026,' Jackson predicted during a December 26 interview on the Jeff Mara Podcast.

The psychic also ongoing wars, including the Russia-Ukraine conflict, would continue for several more years with no quick end in sight, although some conflicts like in Venezuela might 'fizzle out' by mid-2026.

While Jackson warned that many Americans could end up unemployed this year, the dramatic turn in the economy would actually benefit these workers, as she claimed the layoffs would force people to leave careers they were not spiritually aligned with.

'I do see a lot of people doing complete 180s and leaving jobs and careers that they have been in for years and years and starting over, starting something new. I also see a lot of new businesses being created, but it feels more local,' Jackson told the podcast.

'Once they go through that, they are going to have an opportunity to go within and realize that they were not on their soul's path anyway.'

Jackson added that these major shifts in the US will cause many to feel a sudden, unexplained urge to move away from homes they've lived in for 10, 15, or even 20 years.

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{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/index.html }

09-01-2026 om 18:24 geschreven door peter  

Astronomers spot record-breaking asteroid the size of seven football pitches - and it could be nudged towards Earth

• READ MORE:  NASA finds essential sugars on ancient asteroid Bennu

By XANTHA LEATHAM, EXECUTIVE SCIENCE EDITOR

Out in the depths of space, somewhere in between Mars and Jupiter, is a newly discovered asteroid that’s breaking records.

Astronomers have spotted a celestial rock the size of seven football pitches that is spinning faster than they’ve ever seen before.

The asteroid, named 2025 MN45, is 710 metres in diameter and completes a full rotation every 1.88 minutes.

The fact that it spins so rapidly has baffled experts, who say it must consist of solid rock in order to maintain its shape.

‘Clearly, this asteroid must be made of material that has very high strength in order to keep it in one piece as it spins so rapidly,’ Sarah Greenstreet, who leads the Rubin Observatory’s Solar System Science Collaboration’s Near-Earth Objects and Interstellar Objects working group, said.

‘We calculate that it would need a cohesive strength similar to that of solid rock.

‘This is somewhat surprising since most asteroids are believed to be what we call “rubble pile” asteroids, which means they are made of many, many small pieces of rock and debris that coalesced under gravity during Solar System formation or subsequent collisions.’

While it is currently out in the asteroid belt, hundreds of millions of kilometres away, asteroids and comets have previously been ‘nudged’ into Earth’s neighbourhood by the gravity of nearby planets.

This artist’s illustration depicts 2025 MN45 — the fastest-rotating asteroid with a diameter over 500 meters that scientists have ever found

The lightcurve of the asteroid - the y-axis shows the asteroid’s brightness, and the x-axis shows its phase, or where it is in its rotation

The sighting forms part of a much larger discovery, as scientists have detected 1,900 new asteroids cruising about our Solar System that have never been seen before.

Within this flurry are 19 super and ultra-fast rotating asteroids – with 2025 MN45 taking the new record for the fastest-spinning asteroid with a diameter over 500 meters that astronomers have found.

For their study, researchers collected data over the course of about 10 hours across seven nights in April and May of last year.

They used the Rubin Observatory’s LSST Camera – the largest digital camera in the world – to capture the night sky.

‘Discoveries like this exceptionally fast-rotating asteroid are a direct result of the observatory's unique capability to provide high-resolution, time-domain astronomical data, pushing the boundaries of what was previously observable,’ Regina Rameika, from the US Department of Energy, said.

As asteroids orbit the Sun, they also rotate at a wide range of speeds, the researchers explained.

These spin rates not only offer clues about the conditions of their formation billions of years ago but also tell us about their internal composition and evolution over their lifetimes.

In particular, an asteroid spinning quickly may have been sped up by a past collision with another asteroid, suggesting that it could be a fragment of an originally larger object.

Most asteroids can be found orbiting our Sun between Mars and Jupiter within the main asteroid belt

An illustration of the main asteroid belt, orbiting the Sun between Mars and Jupiter, where asteroid 2025 MN45 can be found

This image, one of the first released by Rubin Observatory, exposes a Universe teeming with stars and galaxies — transforming seemingly empty, inky-black pockets of space into glittering tapestries for the first time

‘Fast rotation also requires an asteroid to have enough internal strength to not fly apart into many smaller pieces, called fragmentation,’ the team said in a release.

‘Most asteroids are ‘rubble piles’, which means they are made of many smaller pieces of rock held together by gravity, and thus have limits based on their densities as to how fast they can spin without breaking apart.

‘For objects in the main asteroid belt, the fast-rotation limit to avoid being fragmented is 2.2 hours; asteroids spinning faster than this must be structurally strong to remain intact.

‘The faster an asteroid spins above this limit, and the larger its size, the stronger the material it must be made from.’

Within the main asteroid belt are space rocks ranging in size from 530km (329 miles) to just 10 metres (33 feet) in diameter.

‘Sometimes, asteroids and comets are nudged into Earth’s neighbourhood by the gravity of nearby planets,’ NASA says.

However, they explained that it is ‘highly unlikely’ an asteroid large enough to cause widespread damage will impact Earth for the next 100 years or more.

The new findings were published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters.

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/index.html }

09-01-2026 om 18:09 geschreven door peter  

Hidden threat from secret military base discovered lurking deep below Greenland's ice sheet

By STACY LIBERATORE, US SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EDITOR

Scientists are sounding urgent alarms over a hidden Cold War threat buried deep beneath Greenland's rapidly melting ice sheet. 

A long-abandoned US military base known as Camp Century was recently rediscovered under the ice after a NASA pilot conducting airborne radar tests captured images of its underground remains. 

The base, built in secret during the Cold War, lies about 118 feet below the surface and spreads across an area roughly 0.7 miles long and 0.3 miles wide. 

Once described as a self-contained underground town, Camp Century housed a hospital, theater, church and shop, and was powered by a small nuclear reactor. 

As Greenland's ice melts at accelerating rates, scientists have warned that hazardous waste left behind at the site could eventually be released into the environment. 

That waste includes chemical pollutants, biological sewage, diesel fuel, and radioactive material once thought to be safely sealed in ice forever. 

Researchers now say that assumption was deeply flawed. 'What climate change did was press the gas pedal to the floor,' said James White, a climate scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder.

Camp Century was constructed in the late 1950s with the knowledge of both the US and Danish governments under the 1951 Defense of Greenland Agreement. 

NASA scientists captured an image of an abandoned US military base that has been hiding under ice in the

Camp Century was constructed in the late 1950s with the knowledge of both the US and Danish governments under the 1951 Defense of Greenland Agreement

Danish officials participated in planning and environmental monitoring, and historical reports indicate Denmark approved the disposal of some radioactive waste directly into the ice. 

At the time, scientists and military planners believed Greenland's ice sheet would permanently entomb any contamination.

'That idea, that waste could be buried forever under ice, is unrealistic,' White said. 

'The question is whether it's going to come out in hundreds of years, thousands of years, or tens of thousands of years. Climate change just means it's going to happen much faster than anyone expected.'

The environmental risk posed by Camp Century has taken on new urgency as geopolitical tensions in the Arctic intensify. 

President Donald Trump renewed calls this week for US control of Greenland, citing national security concerns as Russian and Chinese activity in the region grows. 'It's so strategic,' Trump told reporters aboard Air Force One on Sunday. 

'Right now, Greenland is covered with Russian and Chinese ships all over the place. We need Greenland from the standpoint of national security.'

But scientists said the buried base represents a very different kind of security threat, one tied not to military rivals, but to pollution unleashed by a warming climate.

Once described as a self-contained underground town, Camp Century housed a hospital, theater, church and shop, and was powered by a small nuclear reactor

Pictured are US soldiers climbing up to an escape hatch to enter Camp Century

A team of international researchers led by the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) at the University of Colorado Boulder estimated that Camp Century contains roughly 9,200 tons of physical waste, including abandoned buildings, tunnels, and rail infrastructure. 

The site also holds about 200,000 liters of diesel fuel and significant amounts of polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, toxic chemicals once widely used in paints and electrical equipment.

PCBs are especially concerning because they do not break down easily and are linked to cancer, immune system damage, and developmental problems. 

The Arctic's cold climate has trapped these chemicals for decades, effectively turning the region into a global storage site for pollution released elsewhere. 

As ice melts, however, scientists warned that glaciers could become a new source of toxic contamination.

Most former Arctic military sites have undergone cleanup efforts, but Camp Century is one of only five abandoned ice-sheet bases near Thule Air Base that have never been remediated, according to the 2016 study by the CIRES research team. 

Camp Century is a US military base built in 1959 that consists of a network of 21 tunnels but just below the surface of the ice sheet ice 

Pictured is the entrance to the base before it was decommissioned in 1967

At similar sites, PCB concentrations in some paints exceeded five percent by weight.

In addition to chemical and biological waste, Camp Century also contains radioactive material from the nuclear reactor's coolant system. 

When it was buried in the early 1960s, the waste had a radioactivity of about 1.2 billion becquerels, roughly equivalent to the radiation used in a single medical scan. 

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While small compared to major nuclear accidents, researchers cautioned that its presence adds another layer of risk if containment fails.

The base's tunnel system twists and branches beneath the ice, making it difficult to fully map. 

Airborne radar has detected strong reflections that align with known tunnel locations, but scientists say the technology cannot yet identify all buried waste. 

Diesel fuel, stored in underground tanks, may still be liquid today, though researchers believe the tanks may have ruptured.

Models suggest that ice flow and snow accumulation could bury solid waste as deep as 220 feet and liquid waste around 305 feet by 2090. 

While that means contamination may not surface for decades, scientists stressed that burial does not equal safety.

Camp Century was constructed in the late 1950s with the knowledge of both the US and Danish governments under the 1951 Defense of Greenland Agreement.

Beyond the environmental risks, Camp Century has become a source of political and legal uncertainty. 

Responsibility for the cleanup remains disputed between the US, Denmark, and Greenland. 

While the waste was left behind by the US, the original 1951 treaty did not account for climate change or Greenland's growing self-governance.

The agreement states that US property in Greenland may be removed or disposed of after consultation with Danish authorities. 

But it remains unclear whether Denmark was fully consulted during Camp Century's decommissioning, raising questions about whether the abandoned waste is still legally US property.

Researchers said Camp Century may represent one of the first real examples of climate change triggering an international dispute over long-forgotten pollution, a preview of conflicts likely to emerge worldwide as rising seas and melting ice expose hazardous waste once thought safely buried.

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/index.html }

09-01-2026 om 17:37 geschreven door peter  

NASA has just revealed that the crew of the International Space Station was being evacuated for the first time in history after one of the astronauts suffered a medical emergency.

NASA administrator Jared Isaacman said in a press conference Thursday that Crew-11 would not continue its mission until its scheduled return date in February, and that the steps for their safe return would be worked out over the next 48 hours.

'I've come to the decision that it's in the best interest of our astronauts to return Crew-11 ahead of their planned departure,' Isaacman revealed.

The announcement came less than a day after NASA cancelled a Thursday spacewalk due to the medical issue, with officials saying they were 'erring on the side of caution for the crew member'.

Crew-11 includes four astronauts: NASA's Zena Cardman and Mike Fincke, Japanese astronaut Kimiya Yui, and Russian cosmonaut Oleg Platonov.

The group was recently joined by Japanese astronaut Koichi Wakata and NASA astronaut Chris Williams, who arrived at the station aboard a Russian Soyuz spacecraft in November 2025.

Isaacman said that Williams will remain on the station with the Soyuz crew to maintain America's presence in space.

While the astronaut who suffered the medical issue was not revealed, NASA's chief medical officer Dr James Polk said the astronaut was not in any immediate danger and they were being cared for by their fellow crewmates until their return.

Crew-11 before launching to the ISS. Pictured (L to R): Roscosmos cosmonaut Oleg Platonov, NASA astronaut Mike Fincke, JAXA astronaut Kimiya Yui, and NASA's Zena Cardman

NASA cancelled a planned spacewalk on Thursday involving the crew of the International Space Station (Pictured) over an unspecified medical issue involving one of the astronauts

Dr Polk added that the medical issue the astronaut suffered had nothing to do with the upcoming spacewalk or any other operations on board the station.

'It's mostly having a medical issue in the difficult areas of microgravity,' Polk explained without going into specific medical details. 

NASA officials noted that no special precautions would need to be taken to keep the ailing astronaut safe until their return and called their condition 'stable' until the evacuation plan is finalized. 

NASA has never had to bring an astronaut home for medical reasons, but an evacuation plan has been built into every ISS mission, with crew return vehicles kept on standby.

'We are looking for the correct opportunity to use our existing landing sites,' Isaacman said when asked if NASA would be making an emergency landing to get Crew-11 home faster.

'I´m proud of the swift effort across the agency thus far to ensure the safety of our astronauts,' the NASA chief added. 

The NASA administrator did note that the space agency did consider this a 'serious medical condition' which forced officials to conclude that the first ever evacuation was necessary.

However, Dr Polk stressed that the astronaut was not in immediate danger which would force NASA to consider rushing the evacuation into an unsafe flight window.

NASA administrator Jared Isaacman (Left) and NASA chief medical officer Dr James Polk (Center) revealed on Thursday that Crew-11 would be returning as soon as possible 

JAXA astronaut Kimiya Yui (center) was helping NASA astronaut Zena Cardman (left) and Mike Fincke prepare for the spacewalk before it was postponed 

'The crew member is absolutely stable, so I don't foresee massive changes to the timeline or their activities,' Polk said.

Crew-11 arrived at the ISS on August 1, 2025, meaning their return date had been scheduled for late February.

The four astronauts were supposed to leave after Crew-12 arrived on a SpaceX Dragon capsule no earlier than February 15.

Isaacman said that any decision to potentially move up the launch of Crew-12 would not impact the upcoming Artemis II mission planned for February 2026.

He called the two launches 'totally separate campaigns,' meaning there should be no issue in launching Artemis on time. Artemis II will be the first manned spaceflight to orbit the moon since 1972.

Meanwhile, the ISS is required to have astronauts aboard at all times, as they are essential to carry out maintenance, repairs, operate complex experiments, manage life support and perform spacewalks, tasks that automation cannot fully handle, ensuring constant human oversight for safety and scientific output.

Until now, there had never been a crew evacuated ahead of their scheduled departure time from the ISS, however, two spacewalks were recently cancelled because of various health issues among the astronauts.

A mission was cancelled in 2021 when Mark Vande Hei experienced a pinched nerve and was unable to travel outside the ISS.

Another spacewalk in 2024 was called off at the last minute because an astronaut experienced 'spacesuit discomfort'.

{ https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/index.html }

09-01-2026 om 17:22 geschreven door peter  

{ https://thedebrief.org/category/tech/ }

09-01-2026 om 17:07 geschreven door peter  

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09-01-2026 om 16:51 geschreven door peter