UFO near plane over Mudgee, New South Wales, on March 20, 2016.

Filer’s Files #13 – 2016 Happy Easter - PART I

Happy Easter

In special reports, this week’s files cover: Lockheed Skunkworks Engineer, Don Phillips Says UFOs are Real, The Angel of the Lord Attended the Resurrection of Jesus, Charged Cosmic Rays, Ancient Radiation Knowledge Cosmic Rays, ISIS Attack in Belgium, Secret Space Age, Ceres Lights, and UFO moving over the Moon

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over California, Florida, Illinois, Kansas, Massachusetts, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, and Washington.

Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over Argentina, Australia, Canada, Chile, Iran, Indonesia, and England and Northern Ireland in the United Kingdom.

The Filer Research Institute feels the scientific study of UFOs is for the benefit of humankind and is an important endeavor. The weekly intelligence report provides you with information on the latest sightings and UFO news that you need to understand the world situation. The purpose of these files is to report the UFO eyewitness and photo/video evidence that occurs on a daily basis around the world and in space. These Files assume that extraterrestrial intelligent life not only exists, but my hypothesis is that the over a thousand UFOs reported each month represent technologically advanced spacecraft conducting surveillance of Earth. I personally became interested in UFOs when London Control ordered me to intercept one over England while flying for the US Air Force and Prince Phillip told me of his personal interest in UFOs. The US Air Force investigated UFOs for more than twenty years under Project Blue Book; and I continue this advanced research. I believe the God of the universe has spread life throughout the cosmos and UFO’s are visiting us in ever-increasing numbers.

George A. Filer III

New Jersey State Director

MUFON Eastern Region Director

Www.nationalUFOcenter.com. Now receiving 3 million hits a month

Forward these files to your friends and neighbors.

Special Projects

Lockheed Skunkworks Engineer, Don Phillips Says UFOs are Real

Don Phillips
I spoke with Don Phillips who worked at Lockheed at the Disclosure Project he told us, These UFOs were huge and they would just come to a stop and do a 60 degree, 45 degree, 10 degree turn, and then immediately reverse this action”. When I was working with the Skunkworks with Kelly Johnson, we signed an agreement with the government to keep very quiet about this. Anti-gravitational research we were doing. We know that there were some captured craft from 1947 at Roswell, they were real. And, yes, we really did get some technology from them. And, yes, we really did put it to work….We knew each other from what we call the unseen industry. We can term it black, deep black, or hidden.

The knowledge I have of these technologies came from the craft that were captured here on Earth. I did not see the craft, nor did I see the bodies, but I certainly know some of the people that did. There was no question that there are beings from outside the planet. Are these ET people hostile? Well, if they were hostile, with their weaponry they could have destroyed us a long time ago….We got these things that are handheld scanners that scan the body and determine what the condition is. We can also treat from the same scanner. I can tell you personally that we’ve been working on them. In addition, we have ones that can diagnose and cure cancer. One of the purposes I had for founding my technology corporation in 1998, was to bring forth these technologies that that can clean the air and can help get rid of the toxins, and help get rid of the need for so much fossil fuel. Yes, it is time. I can tell you personally that it has already started.

During the Apollo landing, Neil Armstrong says, “They’re here. They are right over there and look at the size of those ships. And, it is obvious they don’t like us being here”.…

The Angel of the Lord Attended the Resurrection of Jesus

Without the resurrection, it is quite certain there would have been no Christian church. There is no doubt that He really did die on the cross. Pilate was given assurance of this by the centurion. The savage spear thrust into His side by the soldier made certain of His death, “and forthwith came there out blood and water,” evidencing complete collapse of the heart cavity. (John 19:34)

Jesus

Resurrection of Christ, 1700 by Noel Coypel

With the ignominious death of Jesus Christ, his disciples were utterly confused and afraid for their own lives. After the Romans crucify Jesus, he is anointed and buried in a new tomb by Joseph of Arimathea. After the Sabbath, at dawn on the first day of the week, Mary Magdalene and the other Mary went to look at the tomb. ²There was a violent earthquake, for an angel of the Lord came down from heaven and, going to the tomb, rolled back the stone and sat on it. ³His appearance was like lightning, and his clothes were white as snow. ⁴The guards were so afraid of him that they shook and became like dead men.

⁵The angel said to the women, “Do not be afraid, for I know that you are looking for Jesus, who was crucified. ⁶He is not here; he has risen, just as he said. Come and see the place where he lay. ⁷Then go quickly and tell his disciples: ‘He has risen from the dead and is going ahead of you into Galilee. There you will see him.’ Now I have told you.”

⁸So the women hurried away from the tomb, afraid yet filled with joy, and ran to tell his disciples.⁹Suddenly Jesus met them. “Greetings,” he said. They came to him, clasped his feet and worshiped him.¹⁰Then Jesus said to them, “Do not be afraid. Go and tell my brothers to go to Galilee; there they will see me.” Mathew 28

Jesus appears to many over a span of forty days before his ascension to Heaven, to sit at the Right Hand of God. Christians celebrate the resurrection of Jesus on Easter Sunday, the third day after Good Friday, the day of his crucifixion. But with the assurance that Christ was alive, the disciples went forth everywhere proclaiming the resurrection, and multitudes became believers in their Living Lord. If the resurrection is really a demonstrable fact of history, then not only are His claims vindicated, but so are His promises.Death is not, after all, the great victor, but is a defeated foe.

Cloud2

After saying this, Jesus was taken up while those who had gathered together were watching, and a cloud took him out of their sight. Jesus was going away, and the apostles were looking into the sky. Suddenly, two men (angels) wearing white clothes stood beside them. The two men said to the apostles, “Men from Galilee, why are you standing here looking into the sky? You saw Jesus carried away from you into heaven. He will come back in the same way you saw him go.” —Acts 1:6-11

Charged Cosmic Rays

The sun is one of hundreds of billions of stars in our galaxy, the Milky Way. The galaxy is composed of gaseous interstellar medium, neutral or ionized, sometimes concentrated into dense gas clouds made up of atoms molecules, and dust. All of the matter — gas, dust, and stars — rotate around a central axis perpendicular to the galactic plane. The centrifugal force caused by the rotation balances out the gravitational force, which draw all the matter toward the center.

The mass is located within the circle of the Sun’s orbit through the galaxy is about 100 billion times the mass of the Sun. Because the Sun is about average in mass, astronomers have concluded that the galaxy contains about 100 billion stars within its disk.

All stars in the galaxy rotate around a galactic center but not with the same period. Stars at the center have a shorter period than those farther out. The Sun is located in the outer part of the galaxy. The speed of the solar system due to the galactic rotation is about 220 km/s.

Mitch Battros writes, “Physicists from UCLA and Japan have discovered evidence of – “natural nuclear accelerators” residing in our own Milky Way galaxy. Earlier this year, physicists using the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina, the world’s largest cosmic ray observatory, published a surprising discovery: Many of the energetic charged particles found in the Milky Way are not actually protons but nuclei.”

The greater the nuclei-to-proton ratio, the higher the energy. UCLA professor Alexander Kusenko, professor of physics and astronomy says: “When the data came out, they were so unexpected that many people started questioning the applicability of known laws of physics at high energy. The common lore has been that all ultra-high-energy charged particles must come from outside the galaxy.”

Sattlites

Recent scientific discoveries tell us ‘something’ is shifting in our galaxy, and that ‘something’ comes in the form of “charged particles.” Two of our most advanced spacecraft, WISE and PLANCK, are delivering stunning discoveries regarding black holes, dark matter, and a full spectrum of charged particles. This spectrum identifies the smallest known particle as cosmic rays, larger particles known as gamma rays, and the largest particles known as solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CME’s) and coronal holes.

As a result of aligning with a stream of cosmic rays from our Milky Way, and with our Sun reaching its minimum for this cycle, an enormous amount of charged particles will hit our solar system, Earth, and each of us. The outcome is unknown – but it is not completely hidden from our history. I have a group of friends complaining of the sudden start of eye problems and unusual animal, bee and bird deaths.

HisttoryTrouble

Our ancient ancestors did indeed have an awareness of such events occurring thousands of years ago. There are many languages using different words to describe this shift of energy. But, the descriptions were passed down before words of description were born. They came in the form of art, hieroglyphics, petroglyphs, and later story telling. Depending of the tribe and geographical location, different (translated) words were used. It was sometimes referred to as ‘holy spirit’, ‘creator’, ‘sun god’, ‘soul’ – and in more modern times – it might be referred to as Chi, Ki, Prana, Gaia.

It was the Mayan’s description of “ether” which mostly caught my attention. The definition of ‘ether’ described in various dictionaries such as Webster and Cambridge say: “It is a theoretical substance which occupy all space, postulated to account for the propagation of electromagnetic radiation through the universe.” Mayan text mainly from the scared books of ‘Chilam Balam’ and ‘Popol Vuh’. As an open-mined Christian and researcher I do not believe such descriptions are mythical woo-woo. I have always been interested and fascinated by the term “Holy Spirit” and its meaning. When you see pictures used with its association, it sure does resemble a stream of charged particles.

EarthMagnetic

Hard scientific evidence has come forth confirming Earth’s magnetic field is weakening. New research shows a slow flowing solid mantle and its reciprocal connection with a hot fast flowing outer core – is the central focus of Earth’s magnetic field weakening. The outcome of this “convection” between Earth’s outer core and mantle is the production of mantle plumes and the formation of fluid ‘crystallization’. Mantle plumes are a reaction to the Earth’s dipole magnetic core acting as a thermostat.

It is my supported hypothesis suggesting the current weakening of the magnetic field – and its diminishing ability to shield Earth from charged particles – play a large role with the increase of earthquakes, volcanoes, hurricanes, and various extreme weather events.

Two Major Results of a Weak Magnetic Field and a Strong Pulse of Charged Particles:

1) A weakened magnetic field allows charged particle events such as solar flares, coronal mass ejections (CME), coronal hole discharge, plasma filament, gamma rays, and galactic cosmic rays to penetrate the upper and lower atmosphere producing enhanced consequences of extreme weather events which includes earthquakes, volcanoes, hurricanes, and various extreme weather events.

2) The second major consequence of a weakened magnetic field is the identification as latitudes below 30° – magnetic north can also move along east and west longitudes. – Thanks to Earth Changes Media.

EarthUnderFire

In his book, Earth Under Fire Paul LaViolette concludes that explosive activity in the core of our galaxy, the Milky Way, has resulted in past global catastrophes. He writes that the galactic core periodically enters an explosive phase. It then generates an intense wind of cosmic ray particles (electrons, positrons, and protons). These outbursts, which he calls “superwaves,” may recur about every ten thousand years or more and last from several hundred to several thousand years. The explosions generate cosmic rays that travel outward from the center, at close to the speed of light, and pass through the entire galaxy.

LaViolette believes that one such volley of cosmic rays passed through the solar system around the end of the last Ice Age. He writes “For several thousand years the superwave injected large amounts of cosmic dust into our planetary system. This dust substantially altered the Earth’s climate through its effect on the Sun and sunlight transmission through space.” It likely caused the warming of the Earth to come out of the Ice Age leading to floods and worldwide destruction.

LaViolette had written that superwaves might have a gravity-gradient component at their forefront. This component, traveling along with a superwave, could upon its arrival exert a significant tidal pull or jerk, causing a slight reorientation of Earth’s rotational axis. Discovery of the 15,800-years-B.P. Cosmic Event Almost every culture preserves myths describing humanity’s endurance of terrible past events in-involving major loss of life on a global scale. Stories tell of endless days of darkness; of murky forms in space occluding the stars, the moon, and even the sun; of temperatures high enough to ignite wooded hills; of vast deluges covering all but a few mountain peaks. Whole islands have been found of the bones of animals and humans mixed together.

In Siberia, Mammoths were found frozen in place with food in their stomachs. Nothing in our modern experience comes close to matching these stories of global disaster. So, understandably, many have considered these ancient legends to be wildly imaginative tales. The scientific evidence suggests the Earth’s axis changed or the Earth stopped spinning creating long night or day depending on where you were. Our prehistoric ancestors actually did endure a series of traumatic natural catastrophes, the most recent of which was one of the worst disasters to afflict humanity.

Cosmic raus

Cosmic Rays are atomic nuclei (generally protons) and electrons that are observed to collide with the Earth’s atmosphere with exceedingly high energies. When these nucleons bump with the atmospheric molecules most of their energy is released as heat, warming up the Earth’s atmosphere. “Global Warming” is not an anthropogenic event, but a natural cycle related to the energy of the Universe, not with an anomalous Greenhouse Effect. Tracking Earth’s temperature variations with Intergalactic Cosmic Rays there is an amazing correlation.

The Earth’s atmosphere and magnetic field combine to form a formidable shield against space radiation, protecting humans on the surface most of the time. Hundreds of years ago, cosmic ray fluxes were at least 200% higher than they are now. “The space era has so far experienced a time of relatively low cosmic ray activity,” says Mewaldt. “We may now be returning to levels typical of past centuries.” Astronomers are becoming increasingly knowledgeable about massive bursts of gamma-ray energy impinging on Earth from the depths of the universe. On March 29, 1998, a gamma-ray burst (GRB) was detected that was among the 4 percent brightest of all GRBs seen from Earth.

The gamma and X-ray radiation burst struck Earth over the Pacific Ocean on the night of August 27, 1998 extremely energetic explosion. Scientists also witnessed a massive gamma ray burst on November 21, 2013. It released the energy levels of an exploding star ten times larger than our sun. “There is danger to Earth from the center of the Milky Way that caused catastrophe in the distant past.

Cosmic Rays and Solar Flares

GammaRayBurst

Gamma Ray Burst

Recent evidence indicates that cosmic rays influence Earth’s climate H. Svensmark of the Danish Meteorological Institute has found that during the most recent 11-year activity cycle of the Sun, Earth’s cloud cover was more closely correlated with the flux of cosmic rays coming from our galaxy than with the Sun’s radiance. The cosmic rays ionize air molecules in Earth’s lower atmosphere and contribute to cloud cover and other weather-related phenomena.

Ancient Radiation Knowledge Cosmic Rays

Rollright StonesCircle
Scientists examined background radiation which is detectable by a Geiger counter in England’s stone circles and they found they generating ‘hot spots’ where the radiation was far higher than normal background radiation.

Yet when the Geiger counter was moved to the center of the circle, the very reverse was found. ‘Cold spots’ were detected by the scientists, where the radiation dropped below normal background levels.

Now engineer Charles Brooker extended the measurements still further. Back at the Rollrights circle he used a portable magnetometer. And what did this show? A seven-ring spiral of diminishing magnetic intensity. The circle was screening out electro-magnetic radiation. These findings have not been widely publicized. However, they do suggest a sophisticated knowledge of ultrasound as well as a knowledge of various types of radiation in ancient times. It does appear that at least some of Britain’s ancient stone circles were constructed as radiation shelters. We can speculate the knowledge was provided by extraterrestrials or unusually advanced humans.

The Radiation Affect on Earth?

Since space radiation can affect our satellites it can also adversely affect our society by causing problems in communication systems, GPS navigation systems and other high technology systems in space. It can also affect air travel in the Earth’s polar regions, which are less protected by the Earth’s magnetic field than the equatorial region. A large coronal mass ejection from our sun can also cause serious effects in electric power grids. The particle radiation ejected from the sun disturbs the Earth’s magnetic field, causing a “magnetic storm”. This in turn can induce surges in power lines and in an extreme case cause a blackout. A dramatic event of this sort occurred in March 1989, when the resulting power surge shut down an entire system at a power station and caused a blackout in a large portion of Quebec. Due to our growing dependence on high technology systems, an extreme radiation event like this can now potentially cause more economic hardship than other extreme events on our planet such as hurricanes and earthquakes. Besides our sun acting up, the radiation from the center of the Milky Way can cause even greater catastrophy. NASA Website

Belgium ISIS Attack

A well-organized terrorist group has struck again in Brussels, we send our condolences to the families of those thirty-one killed and several hundred wounded. ISIS is expected to conduct additional attacks in France and the United States. Our borders are open and terrorists have little trouble entering the US. If you see something suspicious, tell the authorities. We are at war.

Secret Space Age

Olive Phillips has written a very interesting book that provides the plausibility for a series of conspiracies that makes fascinating reading. In 1977 in the quiet English countryside, a film was aired. It was so shocking that for more than 30 years it’s been discussed and analyzed. But what if Alternative Three was in fact real? Was it the blueprint for surviving the end of the world and a coming ice age? How does it connect to the Secret Space Program with bases on the Moon, Nazi UFO’s, SDI and even Chemtrails? There are few books that delve into the Earth’s ice ages cycle and tie them to government preparations such as underground facilities. Many countries such as Norway have built huge underground facilities that include a vast store of food and seeds.

Phillips realizes global warming will likely end with an ice age cycle that will greatly disrupt food distribution and supplies, thereby ending the modern human existence. Phillips feels we are far ahead of what we are told and our personnel have gone to the Moon and Mars.

SpaceAge

He explains Chemtrails are a program to help stop global warming. He examined thousands of patents and Patent 5003186 called Stratospheric Weisbach or the seeding for the reduction global warming came out of Hughes Aircraft in 1990. It references patents from 1965 and 1988 for dropping metallic particles such as aluminum from the upper atmosphere to diminish the reflectivity of Earth and decrease Global warming. Apparently, additives are placed in the jet fuel that is somewhat effective in providing a sunscreen for planet Earth. Less light energy from the sun is reaching a darkened Earth and helping to reduce temperatures of at least one degree for thirty years, although last year was one of the warmest in recent history. If we were to go years without the Chemtrails sunscreen, ambient temperature would likely rise ten degrees.

For the first time ever shocking details about the Secret Space Program and Alternative Three are exposed. The connections between some of the greatest Conspiracies of all time and a secret government program to move to Mars to survive the coming global apocalypse. Each conspiracy is covered with many unknown facts that make for interesting and enjoyable reading. Website

Dwarf Planet Ceres Lights

Ceres1

There are “bright spots” on the dwarf planet Ceres have been observed to detectably increase and decrease in brightness, if ever so slightly. And what’s particularly interesting is that these observations were made not by NASA’s Dawn spacecraft, currently in orbit around Ceres, but from a telescope right here on Earth. Researchers using the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) instrument on ESO’s 3.6-meter telescope at La Silla detected “unexpected” changes in the brightness of Ceres during observations in July and August of 2015. Variations in line with Ceres’ 9-hour rotational period—specifically a Doppler effect in spectral wavelength created by the motion of the bright spots toward or away from Earth—were expected, but other fluctuations in brightness were also detected. “The result was a surprise,” said Antonino Lanza from the INAF–Catania Astrophysical Observatory, co-author of the study. “We did find the expected changes to the spectrum from the rotation of Ceres, but with considerable other variations from night to night.” (More at source).

ceres2

Both upper and lower photos are the same object, but lower was told to public first, then later NASA showed the upper photo saying it was the same object…but apparently NASA changed the objects.

UFO moving over the Moon

MoonObject

Dan Johnson writes, “On inspection, my photo DSC1146A seems like a normal photo of a phase in our moon on March 1 2016. Upon closer inspection, see UFO 1146A1 (blown up version of same photo shown), something appears to be flying near the moon. I have enclosed pics all taken within minutes of to show different places near the moon’s surface that this object shows itself. Maybe it’s nothing… but it could be something. Thanks to Brother Dan

Spring 2016 Conferences

Fringe New Jersey

Five Fascinating Speakers Saturday, April 9, 2016, 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. Hilton Garden Inn, 800 Route 130, Hamilton NJ 08690–

Larry E. Arnold, Joanna Ebenstein, William V. Rauscher, Peter Robbins, and Linda Zimmermann.

ADMISSION: $45, full day. Advance order for prime seating and to reserve dinner buffet:Contact:contact@fringenewjersey.com

chosen copy

Lacy’s book is full of recollections not only of his abductions by various aliens, but also of how those abductions have affected his life.

He tells them in such a straightforward, ordinary way, and with so many details, that it’s hard to be skeptical about his story. The details, too, are convincing enough to make anyone at least consider the possibility. After all, what other explanation could there be for a small child being healed of sarcoma after a doctor told his parents that they might as well have another child already as a replacement? What other explanation could there be for Byron’s numerous accounts of having “lost time,” or of his finding scratches and puncture wounds on his body, or of the memories that suddenly resurface about having been brought aboard an alien ship? These questions kept returning to my mind as I read, and I could think of no other answer except to believe that Lacy was telling the truth.

The one complaint I had about the book is the way Lacy presents his story. It does not go in chronological order, which can make it rather hard to follow, and I sometimes had trouble telling when a particular chapter took place. If you stick with it, though, you will find a compelling story that I would recommend to anyone who has had even the slightest question about whether we really are alone in the universe. SAN FRANCISCO BOOK REVIEW.

ByronScoops

Scoop marks on Byron’s right leg

Byron W. Lacy has written an excellent book that should be read by everyone, because if you suspect you are an abductee this is the book you should read. Lacy, a civil servant, musician, artist, and poet was born in Texas. The young Byron was not expected to survive a childhood case of sarcoma cancer. Yet he did, miraculously. In 1961, he witnessed a flying submarine like thing at close range over his entire elementary school class as they exercised in the yard. Other uncanny events include repeated narrow escapes from deadly car accidents. Only in 2009, after seeing a couple of “stargates” materialize in the sky was Lacy convinced he had been alien plagued and abducted for a generation. His imaginary playmate “pirates” Byron saw, as a little boy were the enigmatic intruders. Byron believes he and fellow “abductees” endured many strange experiences: missing time, bodily implants and mysterious scarring, and “little gray” humanoids. For Byron, it is obvious; skeptics be damned, and countless folks are being abducted. A far-out, disconcertingly readable memoir that flatly declares everything about aliens you read online or see dramatized on TV is true. _Kirkus Reviews, ORDER HERE

Saturn's Moons and Rings May Be Younger Than the Dinosaurs — **Saturn and its moon Titan appearin this image taken by the Cassini probe. The planet's rings and many of its moons may be only about 100 million years old.**
**Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute**

Some of Saturn's icy moons may have been formed after many dinosaurs roamed the Earth. New computer modeling of the Saturnian system suggests the rings and moons may be no more than 100 million years old.

Saturn hosts 62 known moons. All of them are influenced not only by the gravity of the planet, but also by each other's gravities. A new computer model suggests that the Saturnian moons Tethys, Dione and Rhea haven't seen the kinds of changes in their orbital tilts that are typical for moons that have lived in the system and interacted with other moons over long periods of time. In other words, these appear to be very young moons.

"Moons are always changing their orbits. That's inevitable," Matija Cuk, principal investigator at the SETI Institute and one of the authors of the new research, said in a statement. "But that fact allows us to use computer simulations to tease out the history of Saturn's inner moons. Doing so, we find that they were most likely born during the most recent 2 percent of the planet's history." [Saturn Photos: Latest Images from NASA's Cassini Orbiter]

The age of Saturn's rings has come under considerable debate since their discovery in the 1600s. In 2012, however, French astronomers suggested that some of the inner moons and the planet's well-known rings may have recent origins. The researchers showed that tidal effects — which refer to "the gravitational interaction of the inner moons with fluids deep in Saturn’s interior," according to the statement — should cause the moons to move to larger orbits in a very short time.

"Saturn has dozens of moons that are slowly increasing their orbital size due to tidal effects. In addition, pairs of moons may occasionally move into orbital resonances. This occurs when one moon's orbital period becomes a simple fraction of another. For example, one moon could orbit twice as fast as another moon, or three times as fast.

Saturn's moon Tethys may only have formed about 100 million years ago. — **Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Space Science Institute**

Once an orbital resonance takes place, the moons can affect each other's gravity, even if they are very small. This will eventually elongate their orbits and tilt them from their original orbital plane.

By looking at computer models that predict how extended a moon's orbit should become over time, and comparing that with the actual position of the moon today, the researchers found that the orbits of Tethys, Dione and Rhea are "less dramatically altered than previously thought," the statement said. The moons don't appear to have moved very far from where they were born.

To get a more specific value for the ages of these moons, Cuk used ice geysers on Saturn's moon Enceladus. The researchers assumed that the energy powering those geysers comes from tidal interactions with Saturn and that the level of geothermal activity on Enceladus has been constant, and from there, inferred the strength of the tidal forces from Saturn.

Using the computer simulations, the researchers concluded that Enceladus would have moved from its original orbital position to its current one in just 100 million years — meaning it likely formed during the Cretaceous period. The larger implication is that the inner moons of Saturn and its gorgeous rings are all relatively young. (The more distant moons Titan and Iapetus would not have been formed at the same time.)

"So the question arises — what caused the recent birth of the inner moons?" Cuk said in the statement. "Our best guess is that Saturn had a similar collection of moons before, but their orbits were disturbed by a special kind of orbital resonance involving Saturn's motion around the sun. Eventually, the orbits of neighboring moons crossed, and these objects collided. From this rubble, the present set of moons and rings formed."

The research is being published in the Astrophysical Journal.

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