Dit is ons nieuw hondje Kira, een kruising van een waterhond en een Podenko. Ze is sinds 7 februari 2024 bij ons en druk bezig ons hart te veroveren. Het is een lief, aanhankelijk hondje, dat zich op een week snel aan ons heeft aangepast. Ze is heel vinnig en nieuwsgierig, een heel ander hondje dan Noleke.
This is our new dog Kira, a cross between a water dog and a Podenko. She has been with us since February 7, 2024 and is busy winning our hearts. She is a sweet, affectionate dog who quickly adapted to us within a week. She is very quick and curious, a very different dog than Noleke.
DEAR VISITOR,
MY BLOG EXISTS ALREADY 12 YEARS AND 10 MONTHS.
ON 06/04/2024 MORE THAN 1.951.050
VISITORS FROM 134 DIFFERENT NATIONS ALREADY FOUND THEIR WAY TO MY BLOG.
THAT IS AN AVERAGE OF 400GUESTS PER DAY.
THANK YOU FOR VISITING MY BLOG AND HOPE YOU ENJOY EACH TIME.
The purpose of this blog is the creation of an open, international, independent and free forum, where every UFO-researcher can publish the results of his/her research. The languagues, used for this blog, are Dutch, English and French.You can find the articles of a collegue by selecting his category. Each author stays resposable for the continue of his articles. As blogmaster I have the right to refuse an addition or an article, when it attacks other collegues or UFO-groupes.
Druk op onderstaande knop om te reageren in mijn forum
Zoeken in blog
Deze blog is opgedragen aan mijn overleden echtgenote Lucienne.
In 2012 verloor ze haar moedige strijd tegen kanker!
In 2011 startte ik deze blog, omdat ik niet mocht stoppen met mijn UFO-onderzoek.
BEDANKT!!!
Een interessant adres?
UFO'S of UAP'S, ASTRONOMIE, RUIMTEVAART, ARCHEOLOGIE, OUDHEIDKUNDE, SF-SNUFJES EN ANDERE ESOTERISCHE WETENSCHAPPEN - DE ALLERLAATSTE NIEUWTJES
UFO's of UAP'S in België en de rest van de wereld In België had je vooral BUFON of het Belgisch UFO-Netwerk, dat zich met UFO's bezighoudt. BEZOEK DUS ZEKER VOOR ALLE OBJECTIEVE INFORMATIE , enkel nog beschikbaar via Facebook en deze blog.
Verder heb je ook het Belgisch-Ufo-meldpunt en Caelestia, die prachtig, doch ZEER kritisch werk leveren, ja soms zelfs héél sceptisch...
Voor Nederland kan je de mooie site www.ufowijzer.nl bezoeken van Paul Harmans. Een mooie site met veel informatie en artikels.
MUFON of het Mutual UFO Network Inc is een Amerikaanse UFO-vereniging met afdelingen in alle USA-staten en diverse landen.
MUFON's mission is the analytical and scientific investigation of the UFO- Phenomenon for the benefit of humanity...
Je kan ook hun site bekijken onder www.mufon.com.
Ze geven een maandelijks tijdschrift uit, namelijk The MUFON UFO-Journal.
Since 02/01/2020 is Pieter ex-president (=voorzitter) of BUFON, but also ex-National Director MUFON / Flanders and the Netherlands. We work together with the French MUFON Reseau MUFON/EUROP.
ER IS EEN NIEUWE GROEPERING DIE ZICH BUFON NOEMT, MAAR DIE HEBBEN NIETS MET ONZE GROEP TE MAKEN. DEZE COLLEGA'S GEBRUIKEN DE NAAM BUFON VOOR HUN SITE... Ik wens hen veel succes met de verdere uitbouw van hun groep. Zij kunnen de naam BUFON wel geregistreerd hebben, maar het rijke verleden van BUFON kunnen ze niet wegnemen...
19-03-2018
The Alien Planets of TRAPPIST-1 May Be Too Wet for Life
The Alien Planets of TRAPPIST-1 May Be Too Wet for Life
By Mike Wall, Space.com Senior Writer
An artist's illustration of the view from one of the seven planets orbiting the red dwarf TRAPPIST-1, with several other worlds visible closer to the small, dim star.
Credit: N. Bartmann/spaceengine.org/ESO
The seven rocky planets circling the nearby star TRAPPIST-1 have lots of water, a new study suggests — perhaps too much to make them good bets for life.
All of the TRAPPIST-1 worlds likely harbor hundreds of Earth oceans' worth of water on their surfaces, and the wettest ones may have over 1,000 times more of the stuff than our planet does, according to the study.
"Too much water can be a bad thing," lead author Cayman Unterborn, a postdoctoral fellow in the School of Earth and Space Exploration at Arizona State University, told Space.com. "The TRAPPIST-1s are interesting, but maybe not for life."
TRAPPIST-1 is a dim red dwarf star that lies about 39 light-years from Earth. Astronomers discovered three planets circling the star in 2016, and four more were announced a year later. Each of the seven worlds — which are known as TRAPPIST-1b, c, d, e, f, g and h — is about the same size as Earth. And three of the alien worlds (e, f and g) are thought to lie in TRAPPIST-1's "habitable zone" — that just-right range of distances where liquid water could likely exist on a planet's surface.
TRAPPIST-1 is about 2,000 times dimmer than the sun, so the red dwarf's habitable zone is very close-in. Indeed, all seven TRAPPIST-1 planets lie closer to their star than Mercury does to the sun.
This diagram shows illustrations of the seven TRAPPIST-1 planets and compares some of their key characteristics with those of the rocky planets in our own solar system.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
All of the TRAPPIST-1 planets were discovered via the "transit method"; several different instruments noticed the tiny brightness dips that resulted when the worlds crossed their host star's face. The magnitude of these dips revealed the sizes of the worlds. And astronomers have been able to estimate the planets' masses, though not nearly as precisely, by studying how their transits have varied over time. (These variations occur as neighboring planets tug on one another gravitationally.)
With this mass and volume information in hand, Unterborn and his team used computer models to get a better idea of the composition of six of the TRAPPIST-1 worlds. (They didn't deal with TRAPPIST-1h, the outermost planet, because not enough is known about it.)
This modeling work suggested that there's a wetness gradient in the TRAPPIST-1 system. The innermost planets, b and c, are probably about 10 percent water by mass, whereas the wet stuff makes up at least 50 percent of the more distant f and g. The middle planets d and e fall somewhere in between.
All of these worlds are sopping wet, even at the low end of the gradient. For comparison, Earth is just 0.2 percent water by mass. Indeed, the TRAPPIST-1 planets are probably "water worlds," with no land to break the monotony of wind and wave, Unterborn said.
If that is indeed the case, the odds of finding life in the system may not be great.
"With no exposed land, key geochemical cycles including the drawdown of carbon and phosphorus into oceanic reservoirs from continental weathering will be muted, thus limiting the size of the biosphere," the researchers wrote in the new study, which was published online today (March 19) in the journal Nature Astronomy. "As such, although these planets may be habitable in the classical definition of the presence of surface water, any biosignature observed from this system may not be fully distinguishable from abiotic, purely geochemical sources."
And all that water might shut down some key geological processes that could help life get a foothold, Unterborn said. For example, rocks in Earth's mantle often become liquid after moving upward to a zone of lower pressure, where their melting point is lower. But such "decompression melting" may occur rarely, if at all, on the TRAPPIST-1 worlds, because the huge weight of the overlying global oceans jacks up mantle pressures so much.
Without molten rock near the surface, there can be no volcanoes (at least not the kind we're used to here on Earth). And without volcanoes, heat-trapping gases, such as carbon dioxide, may have a hard time reaching the atmosphere — which means the TRAPPIST-1 planets may have been subjected to a "runaway snowball" effect, Unterborn said. [Gallery: The Strangest Alien Planets]
Planets orbiting red dwarfs face other habitability challenges, many researchers have stressed. For example, if these worlds orbit tightly enough to be in the habitable zone, they're almost certainly "tidally locked," meaning they always show the same face to their parent star. So, one side of such planets may be boiling hot while the other is frigid. This problem could be mitigated by the presence of a thick atmosphere, which would circulate heat. But red dwarfs fire off lots of powerful flares, which may quickly strip away the atmospheres of habitable-zone worlds.
Such issues are heavily debated and studied, which isn't surprising given the prevalence of red dwarfs: About 75 percent of the Milky Way's stars are red dwarfs, so they likely harbor most of the galaxy's real estate, habitable or otherwise.
The new study also sheds light on the formation and evolution of the TRAPPIST-1 system. For example, all seven planets currently lie inside the primordial "snow line" — the point beyond which it was cold enough for water to remain frozen when the worlds were taking shape. But the team's results suggest that planets f, g and h actually formed beyond this boundary and migrated inward over time. Planets b and c, on the other hand, coalesced inside the primordial snow line. (It's not clear where TRAPPIST-1d and e were born in relation to this line, which the researchers said was likely located somewhere between the newborn worlds c and f.)
Overall, the study indicates that red dwarf systems such as TRAPPIST-1 shouldn't be thought of as just miniature versions of our own solar system, Unterborn said; their planets may form in slightly different ways, and/or on slightly different timescales.
"Understanding it from a planetary formation and evolution perspective, I think, is — for the public especially — a much more powerful way of selling TRAPPIST-1 than life," he said. "No one likes being the wet blanket who says, 'Well, actually, they're not that great for life.' But they're really interesting, and we need to know these things in order to understand the planets that are likely to have life."
Enceladus, one of Saturn's moons, is currently a leading candidate for scientists searching for the ingredients for extraterrestrial life. One new study shows how microorganisms could survive there, living off of methane.
ASTROBIOLOGICAL FINDINGS
Enceladus, one of Saturn’s moons, is a leading candidate in the search for extraterrestrial life in our solar system. One new study improves the moon’s likelihood of holding life. Scientists have found that, under Enceladus-like conditions, certain microbes known as methanogenic archaea can grow and produce methane from carbon dioxide and hydrogen gases.
These researchers suggest that the geochemical reactions in Enceladus’ rocky core could produce enough methane to support such microbes — pointing a hypothetical ecosystem for such life.
To reach these conclusions, the research team, led by Simon Rittmann of the University of Vienna, used unique gas compositions and pressures in the lab to mimic the environment that is predicted to exist on Enceladus. They then cultured three different microscopic organism species in this environment. They found that, among the species cultivated, Methanothermococcus okinawensis was able to produce methane and thrive despite the presence of growth-inhibiting compounds. The resulting study was published in the journal Nature.
LOOKING TO ENCELADUS
Enceladus’ icy crust hides a global ocean, and its southern pole is rife with hydrothermal activity. This Saturnian satellite also cultivates heat from friction with Saturn, and is home to a variety of compounds that are also common on Earth — molecular hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide.
Future missions to observe the moon could use research on its potential inhabitants to guide and inform their goals, allowing them to gather the most pertinent data. Many entities, including NASA, are considering the possibility of reaching Enceladus to complete direct observations. Geoffrey Marcy, a retired professor of astronomy at the University of California, Berkeley, even told Astrowatch that such missions wouldn’t even need to land to collect the information they need; a spacecraft flying through the moon’s many vapor plumes might be able to collect enough samples to make the link.
As we learn more about the icy water worlds in our own backyard, it seems more likely that Enceladus and its fellow ice moons may play host to life as we do not yet know it. We might not know for sure until a mission departs, but until then, research like this will give such missions the tools they will need to succeed.
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China Outlines Two-Phase Chang'e 4 Moon Lander Mission
China Outlines Two-Phase Chang'e 4 Moon Lander Mission
By Leonard David, Space.com's Space Insider Columnist
Credit: CNSA
Later this year, the moon's far side will welcome its first robotic visitor — China's Chang'e 4 lander.
Zhao Xiaojin, a senior official at the China Aerospace Science and Technology (CAST), explained that the nation's two-phase Chang'e 4 missionis being readied for launch this year.
"In the first half of 2018, we will first launch a relay satellite to Lagrange L2 Point, where the satellite can keep communication with both the far side of the moon and the Earth," Zhao told China Central Television (CCTV) earlier this month. (The L2 Point is a gravitationally stable spot beyond the moon's far side.) [China's Moon Missions Explained (Infographic)]
"Therefore, we can control the lunar probe for data transmission using this relay satellite," Zhao added.
Launch of the Chang'e 4 lander is slated for the second half of 2018. After performing a soft touchdown on the lunar far side, the craft will "conduct in-situ and patrol exploration at the landing site," Zhao said.
Moon exploration program
China's Chang'e lunar exploration program takes its name from a Chinese moon goddess. The program's first phase consisted of the successful Chang'e 1 and Chang'e 2 missions, which lifted off in 2007 and 2010, respectively.
Chang'e 3 marked the beginning of the second phase, which includes orbiting the moon, landing and returning lunar samples to Earth. In 2013, Chang'e 3 performed the nation's first-ever soft landing on the moon; the lander also deployed a rover known as Yutu ("Jade Rabbit").
Chang'e 4 was built as the backup to China's Chang'e 3 probe. But Zhao told CCTV that Chang'e 4's mission profile differs in key ways from that of Chang'e 3
"Chang'e 3 lunar probe used a slow and arc-shaped landing, while as for Chang'e 4 lunar probe, we have to adopt a steep and almost vertical landing," Zhao explained. "Chang'e 4 lunar probe will have huge improvements on its capabilities, because we have adopted new technologies and new products. For example, Chang'e 3 lunar probe could not work during the night, but Chang'e 4 lunar probe can do some measurement work at night."
Polar exploration
Last year, Pei Zhaoyu, deputy director of the Lunar Exploration and Space Program Center with the China National Space Administration (CNSA), told attendees at the 7th CSA-IAA Conference on Advanced Space Technology that China will implement three missions in the polar regions of the moon and set up scientific research stations there to offer a platform for future lunar probes.
"We will carry out three missions at the moon's polar regions to research the geological structure and mineral composition of its south pole, and we will take samples back from the moon during one of these missions," Pei told CCTV. "By building scientific research stations on the moon, we want to provide a platform for larger-scale and more rich lunar probe activities in the future."
China's blossoming robotic moon-exploration agenda suffered a setback last year, however: the July launch failure of the country's most powerful rocket, the Long March 5, on its second flight. That heavy-lifter is needed to launch China's planned lunar sample-return mission, Chinese officials have said.
This story has more information about the repercussions of the Long March 5 failure. And to learn more about Chang'e 4, check out this Gallery Military video.
Leonard David is author of "Mars: Our Future on the Red Planet," published by National Geographic. The book is a companion to the National Geographic Channel series "Mars." A longtime writer for Space.com, David has been reporting on the space industry for more than five decades. Follow us @Spacedotcom, Facebook or Google+. This version of the story published on Space.com.
Russian President Vladimir Putin says Russia will launch a mission to search for extraterrestrial life on Mars in 2019 – beating NASA’s planned mission scheduled for 2020.
Putin revealed his country’s ambitious space plans during a documentary about his presidency which was widely shared on Russian social media.
Newsweek.com reports: He said: “We are planning unmanned and later manned launches, into deep space, as part of a lunar program and for Mars exploration. The closest mission is very soon, we are planning to launch a mission to Mars in 2019.”
The revelation during a documentary on the president hosted by Andrey Kondrashov comes on the heels of NASA’s announcement it would attempt to explore the red planet in a Mars 2020 mission in which it would investigate the potential for life.
Putin, who is expected to be re-elected as president in the country’s election on Sunday, said that Russia would also launch a mission to the polar regions of the Moon, adding that its lunar program would differ to the one his country undertook in Soviet times.
“Our specialists will try to make landings on the poles, because there is reason to believe that there can be water there. There, there is progress to be made, studies of other planets, distant space can be started from there,” he said in the film uploaded to Russian social media site vkontakte.
Putin did not specify when in 2019 the Mars mission would happen. The NASA mission is expected to take place around July and August 2020 when the positions between Earth and Mars are best placed for a landing.
The race to the red planet is hotting up, with billionnaire entrepreneur Elon Musk telling the South by Southwest Conference on Sunday that his SpaceX Mars rocket may be ready for test flights next year. He had previously stated his ambition was to launch cargo flights by 2022.
So far, Russia’s attempts at a Mars mission have ended in failure. In 2011, the ill-fated Phobos-Grunt probe was unable to be fired toward the orbit of the red planet after launch. Its mission was designed to bring back samples from the planet’s moon Phobos.
The Russian space program Roscosmos worked with the European Space Agency in the Schiaparelli EDM lander mission, in which a Russian rocket was used.
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STRANGE UFO SIGHTINGS ABOVE MILWAUKEE 2018
STRANGE UFO SIGHTINGS ABOVE MILWAUKEE 2018
MILWAUKEE UFO SIGHTING 2018
If you haven’t seen the strange UFO sightings featured in a Fox News live report in Milwaukee, then you definitely want to watch this video.
Strange lights over the city seem to move randomly over downtown Milwaukee. The news anchors giving the morning news update were at a complete loss of words with one of them offering up a suggestion that it was fireworks making this display, while the other anchor hesitantly mentions “aliens?”
Fox News later reported that the lights came from flying seagulls and the slow shutter speed on the camera. I don’t know about you, but I’ve been around a lot of sea gulls in various light and weather conditions without ever witnessing anything quite like this!
So what do you think? Could this just be a weird camera effect of light bouncing off the seagulls as they fly through the air or possibly another unexplained UFO sighting? Let us know in the comments section below.
The following video analyses a series of five photos taken in a remote area of Orlando, Florida by my anonymous source, JP, on March 16, 2018. The photos show a craft estimated by JP to be flying/hovering at an altitude 2000-5000 feet high, and the size of two jumbo jets.
JP says that he had a missing time experience of approximately 30 minutes before taking the photo. On previous occasions where he has had missing time, he has been able to subsequently recall being taken on board the craft of a U.S. Air Force run secret space program, or cylindrical craft of alleged Nordic extraterrestrials.
The video shows close ups of the craft in the photos and how similar it is to a 2004 patent design for a triangle shaped spacecraft.
The symmetrical geometry of the craft in JP’s photos, the smooth edges, the apparent width of the craft, and some kind of large hemisphere generator in the center, is all very similar to the 2004 patent design for a Triangle Spacecraft as the following side by side comparison shows.
Coincidentally, the photos in the video were taken only three days after President Donald Trump gave a speech calling for the creation of a Space Force, which I discussed in my previous articleas a step towards disclosure of the US Air Force run secret space program. This raises the possibility that JP’s sightings are part of a USAF backed disclosure initiative that is being supported by the Trump administration.
I have known JP since 2008 and believe him to be a credible source who has had numerous experiences with both craft belonging to a US Air Force run secret space, and alleged Nordic extraterrestrials. Please review the further reading section for some of these articles that include his photos of craft he has witnessed, and/or been taken aboard, which help corroborate his experiences.
What follows are the originals of the first and fourth photos used in my video analysis of the March 16 photos for those wishing to conduct further photographic analysis.
Michael E. Salla, Ph.D. Feel free to share this article with original links.
Research fellow, Dr Barry DiGregorio, mentioned photos launched by NASA’s Curiosity rover have been hint fossils exhibiting indicators of life.
He accused them of protecting up the reality so it will not hurt funding for its mission in little over a decade’s time.
Now the University of Buckingham professional has warned they want to up efforts of their seek for aliens or its astronauts face dying.
The floor of Mars: may these photos show LIFE exists on the Red Planet?
These photos launched by NASA present the floor of Mars. They have been pored over by boffins and truthseekers in search of telltale indicators that water as soon as flowed on the Red Planet, which might imply that alien life may as soon as have flourish there
Four geological layers to be examined by the mission, and greater reaches of Mount Sharp past the deliberate research space
“Astronauts could be exposed to unknown pathogenic microbes and viruses that we have no idea how to control”
Dr DiGregorio
Dr Dr Grigio instructed Daily Star Online: “Astronauts might be uncovered to unknown pathogenic microbes and viruses that we do not know how to management.
“That is why it’s so necessary to fly extra life detection devices to Mars – to make certain it’s secure to ship human beings or to return samples to Earth.”
He added: “Look on the eventualities that Elon Musk is presenting, he is speaking about sending folks to Mars regularly which is totally absurd.
“He’s completely ignoring the truth that there might be microbial life on Mars, and so far as being a scientist goes, the one factor you need to make certain of is that your folks have a level of confidence that the floor of Mars is sterile.
GETTYWARNING: An professional warns astronauts might be killed on Mars
“If you despatched astronauts to Mars and they die of pathogenic ailments from indigenous microbes, you are not going to have one other mission return there, the publicity can be horrible.”
The hint fossils discovered by Curiosity, Dr DiGregorio claims, characterize sings of “gentle bodied creatures” who as soon as roamed the planet.
NASA mentioned it believes the figures could also be crystals, and is contemplating “a number of prospects” on the area snaps.
But Dr DiGregorio has urged NASA to look at findings additional to stop astronaut fatalities.
Shutterstock / Leo Blanchette
More than 40,000 Americans have taken out insurance coverage towards being kidnapped by aliens.
He instructed us: “They are telling folks they’re in search of life however they don’t seem to be actually doing it, as a result of as soon as they do it in the event that they announce that to the general public, what number of missions do you assume are going to go and search for life?
“It’s a matter of ethics as properly as a result of I might assume that NASA desires to ship life detection experiments to Mars to make certain it is secure to ship people to Mars.
“What type of publicity would you will have if the primary people to set foot on Mars die of pathogenic ailments from indigenous microbes?
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If We Discover Alien Life, Will Humanity Keep Its Cool?
If We Discover Alien Life, Will Humanity Keep Its Cool?
By Carl Engelking
Mars has long been the best candidate to find extraterrestrial life?
(Credit: NASA)
For well over 1,500 years, humanity accepted that Earth was the center of the solar system. After all, the Bible—which was the scientific authority at the time—said this was so.
Then along came Nicolaus Copernicus, who in the 16th century dared to challenge the church and mathematically described a solar system with the sun at its center. After his death, Galileo Galilei’s observations of heavenly bodies further supported the Copernican model. The Catholic Church, fearing such a finding undermined the supreme authority of the Bible, charged him with heresy. Galileo would be sentenced to life imprisonment, but was allowed to serve his sentence at home due to his declining health.
So often, institutions that wield incredible power loathe major paradigm shifts that could undermine their authority and ability to monopolize the truth. Informing the masses that everything they’ve been told is wrong, after all, could result in a social upheaval that tears society apart, at least the thinking goes.
Today, the world is still grappling with a haunting question: Are we alone in this infinite universe, or is life infinitely diverse throughout the universe? To date, we are still alone, but discovering extraterrestrial life would tie a definitive bow on that existential question. In other words, it would be a major paradigm shift. So if we finally determine that we are indeed not alone, will the very fabric of society tear apart?
Probably not.
In fact, humanity might embrace the news with open arms. That’s the conclusion from Michael Varnum, a psychology professor at Arizona State University who is also part of the university’s Interplanetary Initiative, a research group aimed at building a social framework for a future extraterrestrial society. Varnum took on one of the group’s pilot projects, which was to empirically answer one question: How will humankind react to the discovery of life off Earth?
It’s a question that few researchers have sought to study, but Varnum was up for the task.
“I’m a person who has been into science and sci-fi for some time,” he said.
A Few Case Studies
The Robertson Panel in 1953 warned of mass hysteria if alien life were confirmed. Twenty-five percent of Americans in a recent survey expected people to panic when we discover alien life. Orson Welles certainly didn’t supply any evidence that humanity would keep its cool (news of the subsequent panic may have been grossly exaggerated, however). But Varnum’s study indicates this all hyperbole. Reality would probably be far more mundane.
First off, it’s far more likely that we’ll discover microbes or “non-intelligent” alien life before we meet sentient otherworldly beings. So Varnum limited the scope of the study to human reactions to news that scientists confirmed microbial alien life exists.
They started with a preliminary contextual analysis, measuring the reactions to news that extraterrestrial life might exist. They included five primary “discovery” events: the 1967 discovery of pulsars, the 1977 “Wow!” signal, the 1996 discovery of fossilized microbes on Mars, the 2015 discovery of Tabby’s star, and the 2017 discovery of exoplanets in the habitable zone of a star.
They analyzed news coverage, government memos and press releases of the event to determine the percentage of words in each article that were positive, negative, reward or risk. Words describing positive affect were more prevalent that those describing negative affect. Their preliminary findings suggested that society’s overall reaction to news about alien life was positive, and more reward oriented.
They then turned to Amazon’s Mechanical Turk and asked 504 people to respond to a hypothetical situation: Imagine scientists just discovered microbial life outside of Earth. They were told to describe their reactions, as well as the reactions of other people. Again, people tended to be more positive. They repeated the experiment with a more concrete example: New York Times coverage of Bill Clinton’s 1996 announcement about Martian life, or Craig Venter’s 2010 announcement about synthetic life. Once again, alien life was viewed in a positive light.
“Positivity bias was stronger about extraterrestrial microbial life than synthetic life. There seems to be something especially positive about alien life,” says Varnum. He published results from the study this week in the journal Frontiers in Psychology.
We’re Cool With Alien Life
Of course, contextual analysis of hypothetical situations and past events can’t necessarily predict what will actually happen if we confirm life off the planet. But Varnum said Clinton’s announcement 22 years ago is about as good of a test case as any, and its ultimate effect on the world was a real shoulder-shrug.
“It didn’t cause a radical shift in the way people lived their lives. It didn’t cause people to abandon anything,” Varnum says. “Human beings have been through pretty powerful paradigm shifts, from not being in the center of the universe to Darwin’s evolution. In the past, people would be afraid of them. But the notion that a discovery like this will destabilize anything, as it turns out, is kind of silly.”
Varnum thinks that confirming life exists throughout the universe might be viewed positively because it provides some comfort for lonely Earthlings.
“At least for me, it makes me feel that if we were to confirm alien life, I would feel like the universe is a warmer place; that we aren’t out here all alone,” says Varnum.
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HERE’S THE MIND-BOGGLING REASON WE PROBABLY WON’T MEET ALIENS WHILE THEY’RE STILL ALIVE
HERE’S THE MIND-BOGGLING REASON WE PROBABLY WON’T MEET ALIENS WHILE THEY’RE STILL ALIVE
Space empires could rise and fall without us knowing.
The search for alien life goes on, but our chances of hearing from extraterrestrial beings that are still alive are very slim, according to new research.
The problem is that civilisations likely don’t last as long as signals travelling through space.
These latest calculations are an update of the legendary Drake equation, first proposed in 1961 by Frank Drake at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory in West Virginia, as a shorthand way of calculating how much alien life could be out there.
Using variables such as the number of stars born each year, the number of potentially habitable planets they have, and the chances of organic life developing, the equation gives us some idea of the likelihood of receiving signals from beyond Earth.
A model of signal spread.
(arXiv.org)
And according to the newly updated numbers, it’s not looking promising.
“If the civilisation emitted from the other side of the galaxy, when the signal arrives here, the civilisation will already be gone,” one of the team, Claudio Grimaldi from the Federal Polytechnical School of Lausanne in Switzerland, told Lisa Grossman at Science News.
The research team also includes Frank Drake himself, now professor emeritus at the University of California, Santa Cruz.
Each of the variables in the Drake equation are open to debate, but the scientists assumed a civilisation lifespan of 100,000 years as a marker, which is how long it takes light to cross the galaxy. Even an alien empire that lasted that long would only fill “a small fraction” of the galaxy with signals, the study determines.
For reference, we’ve been sending signals out into space for 80 years now, and those rippling signals will only have covered under 0.001 percent of the Milky Way.
What’s more, given the frequency of the signals we send out into space, an alien civilisation would need to be within 50 light-years for us to have heard back from them at this point, the researchers found.
While a hardy group of aliens who survived longer than 100,000 years could fill the galaxy with bouncing signals, there could again be gaps if new civilisations don’t spring up often enough to fill them, the data shows.
Another interesting finding was that the number of extraterrestrial signals crossing Earth at any one time should correspond to the number of civilisations currently broadcasting, whether or not the signals we’re hearing are from past or current civilisations. The researchers are still writing up their thoughts on that one.
The aim of all these calculations is to get a better perspective on our lack of contact with alien lifeforms so far. Is it because no one else is out there? Or is it because we just have a very low chance of hearing anything?
Eventually the researchers hope that the revised Drake equation can help us improve our chances of finding radio signals in space, perhaps through an improved understanding of where to point our telescopes.
This is still all preliminary though – the paper produced by the team has yet to be peer-reviewed by other scientists, though it is available online.
For now though, we shouldn’t expect to be hearing signals from alien lifeforms that are still around – at least not with an assumed civilisation lifespan of 100,000 years.
“The transmissions arriving at Earth may come from distant civilisations long extinct, while civilisations still alive are sending signals yet to arrive,” write the researchers.
You can read the research paper on the pre-print server arXiv.org.
TOO BIG, TOO SOON Supermassive black holes that are actively feeding on gas and dust, like the one shown in this artist’s rendition, have been spotted in the early universe — before they should have had time to grow.
NAOJ
The existence of supermassive black holes in the early universe has never made much sense to astronomers. Sightings since 2006 have shown that gargantuan monsters with masses of at least a billion suns were already in place when the universe was less than a billion years old – far too early for them to have formed by conventional means.
One or two of these old massive objects could be dismissed as freaks, says theoretical astrophysicist Priyamvada Natarajan of Yale University. But to date, astronomers have spotted more than 100 supermassive black holes that existed before the universe was 950 million years old. “They’re too numerous to be freaks now,” she says. “You have to have a natural explanation for how these things came to be.”
The usual hypotheses are that these black holes were either born unexpectedly big, or grew up fast. But recent finds are challenging even those theories and may force astronomers to rethink how these black holes grow.
In the modern universe, black holes typically form from massive stars that collapse under their own gravity at the ends of their lives. They usually start out smaller than 100 solar masses and can grow either by merging with another black hole (SN: 3/19/16, p. 10) or by accreting gas from their environment (SN Online: 12/6/17).
That gas often organizes itself into a disk that spirals into the black hole, with friction heating the disk to white-hot temperatures that create a brilliant glow visible across billions of light-years. These black holes feeding on gas are called quasars. The faster a quasar eats, the brighter its disk glows.
But the glow from that gas also limits the black hole’s growth: The bright disk’s photons push away fresh material. That sets a physical limit on how fast black holes of a given mass can grow. Astronomers express how fast a black hole is eating with a term called the Eddington ratio, measuring the black hole’s actual brightness in relation to the brightness it would have if it were eating as fast as it possibly could.
Finicky feeders
Astronomers have measured Eddington ratios for only about 20 supermassive black holes in the early universe. Most seem to be eating at the limit, in contrast to quasars in the present-day universe that feed at about a tenth that speed. Those furious feeding rates still seem to defy the black holes’ supermassive size: A 100-solar-mass black hole accreting at the limit should take about 800 million years to reach a billion solar masses, even taking into account that it would eat faster as it grew. And that 800 million years doesn’t include the time it took the initial black hole seed to form.
But physicist Myungshin Im of Seoul National University in South Korea and colleagues worried that previous observations were missing pickier eaters because fast eaters are brighter and easier to spot. If some early massive black holes were lazy eaters, their super sizes become even more puzzling — and may rule out some theories for how they grew.
So the team deliberately sought out dimmer distant quasars in a September 2015 observing run at the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile.
The researchers found IMS J2204+0112, a billion-solar-mass black hole eating at a tenth of its speed limit and hailing from when the universe was about 940 million years old. But at its feeding rate, the black hole shouldn’t have fully matured until the universe was 8 billion years old, the team reported on arXiv.org February 9.
“We show for the first time that quasars with low Eddington ratio exist in the early universe,” Im says.
IMS J2204+0112 is the dimmest slow-eating quasar spotted yet, but it’s not alone. Physicist Chiara Mazzucchelli of the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Germany and colleagues reported 11 fussy supermassive black holes that existed when the universe was less than 800 million years old, in the Astrophysical Journal last November.
On average, those quasars weigh in at around 1.62 billion solar masses but eat at about 40 percent of the speed limit, the team reported. Strangely, the largest black hole in that group, HSC J1205-0000, had the lowest feeding rate: The black hole is 4.7 billion solar masses yet eats at only 6 percent of its limit.
It was strange enough to find supermassive black holes with gluttonous appetites in the early universe, but these picky eaters are even harder to explain.
Astronomers hope peering farther back in time will help find the “seed” black holes that may grow into behemoths. If some black holes started out huge, from 10,000 to a million solar masses, they could grow even larger either by merging with each other or accreting at the Eddington limit.
“If you start with such a very massive seed, you have a jump-start,” says astrophysicist Avi Loeb of Harvard University. “Then you don’t need as much time to grow to a billion solar masses.”
But theorists have been trying for 15 years to figure out how such huge black holes could form in the first place. One idea is that massive gas clouds or supermassive stars collapsed directly into a massive black hole.
Supermassive seeds
More recent work suggests it wouldn’t be that simple. Theoretical studies show it’s hard to prevent those gas clouds from fragmenting to form a cluster of small stars, rather than collapsing into one large star, says physicist Dominik Schleicher of the University of Concepción in Chile.
In the May 2018 Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Schleicher and colleagues show that such clusters also could create massive black hole seeds, as newly formed stars accrete gas left over in the cluster. Such stars could swell to 100 to 1,000 times the radius of the sun. Their inflated sizes and close proximity to one another would make these stars collide, triggering a domino effect that eventually collects all the stars in the cluster into a single supermassive star 10,000 times the mass of the sun. That supermassive star could then collapse to form a relatively massive seed black hole.
The other possibility is that early supermassive black holes simply broke the Eddington limit. They may have gone through periods of eating more quickly than was thought possible and grew to near-supermassive proportions before calming down.
Loeb points out that there are situations in the present-day universe where black holes eat faster than the Eddington limit, such as when they rip apart and devour a star(SN: 4/1/17, p. 5). There are also situations where radiation can be trapped near the surface of the black hole, preventing it from pushing material away. “In that case you can feed the black hole as fast as you want,” Loeb says.
Or, Natarajan and colleagues suggest, the answer could be both: Black holes that are born big get bigger faster. “Evidence is mounting slowly that we need to consider more than one way,” Natarajan says.
In a December 2017 study in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, she and her colleagues ran computer simulations showing that some environments can boost a black hole’s growth, allowing the black hole to consume a continuous stream of gas.
The rich get richer
Simulations show that a small black hole seed will never grow fast enough to become supermassive before the universe is a billion years old. But a black hole that was born large will grow faster and faster.
F. PACUCCI ET AL/ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS 2017
Still, only black holes born with masses at least 10,000 times that of the sun can grow to a billion solar masses within a billion years. But the most massive seeds are more likely to be born in a gas-rich environment.
“The environment around and the birth conditions for these black holes actually puts them on a track either for rapid growth spurts, or for rather slow growth,” Natarajan says. “The massive black hole seeds are the ones that won the birth lottery and got the best start in life.”
Twee weken voor zijn dood schreef Hawking nog paper waarin hij onthulde hoe onze Aarde zou ophouden te bestaan
Twee weken voor zijn dood schreef Hawking nog paper waarin hij onthulde hoe onze Aarde zou ophouden te bestaan
FOTO: ISOPIX
Zijn dood beroerde de hele wereld: Stephen Hawking stierf begin deze week. Amper twee weken voor zijn dood diende de wetenschapper nog een laatste baanbrekende onderzoekspaper in, waarin hij uitlegt hoe we bewijzen van een ‘multiversum’ kunnen vinden en waarin hij het einde van ons bestaan voorspelt.
De ‘multiversum’-theorie gaat ervan uit dat er naast ons universum nog andere universums zijn. Ons universum is slechts een van de vele anderen, veroorzaakt door de oerknal. En zo’n ander universum kunnen we detecteren en meten via een detector op een ruimteschip. Dat staat te lezen in de allerlaatste paper van wereldberoemd fysicus Stephen Hawking, die begin deze week stierf. Hij schreef de paper vanop zijn sterfbed, samen met Belgisch natuurkundige Thomas Hertog.
In de paper staat hoe de mensheid zo’n andere universums zouden kunnen vinden. De wiskundige berekeningen die nodig zijn om dat te kunnen bereiken, staan allemaal in die laatste, baanbrekende paper.
De kwestie van ‘multiversum’ hield Hawking al lang bezig. Ook al in 1983 schreef Hawking, samen met James Hartle, een onderzoekspaper waarin hij uitlegt hoe het universum is ontstaan, maar ook dat de oerknal oneindig veel andere oerknallen creëerde, die elk hun eigen universum hebben doen ontstaan.
De paper van Hawking suggereert ook dat het bestaan op Aarde uiteindelijk zal vervagen in de duisternis wanneer de energie van de sterren op is. Dat wordt in de kosmologie als een controversieel idee beschouwd, want het betekent meteen het einde van ons bestaan op Aarde, maar veel wetenschappers zien hierin ook een mogelijke doorbraak in de kosmologie.
Citizen-scientists Matt Brealey and Gustavo B C processed this color-enhanced image of a Jupiter storm using data captured on Feb. 7, 2018, by the JunoCam imager aboard NASA's Juno spacecraft.
Credit: Matt Brealey/Gustavo B C/NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/MSSS
A new photo shows a swirling maelstrom on Jupiter through rose-colored glasses.
NASA's Juno spacecraft snapped the original picture on Feb. 7, during its 11th close flyby of the gas giant. At the time, Juno was 7,578 miles (12,195 kilometers) above Jupiter's cloud tops, at a latitude of 49.2 degrees north, NASA officials said.
"Citizen scientist Matt Brealey processed the image using data from the JunoCam imager," NASA officials wrote in a photo description Friday (March 16). "Citizen scientist Gustavo B C then adjusted colors and embossed Matt Brealey's processing of this storm."
NASA and the Juno mission team encourage such image-processing efforts. To learn more or try your own hand, go to theJunoCam site.
The $1.1 billion Juno mission launched in August 2011 and arrived at Jupiter in July 2016. Juno loops around the solar system's largest planet in a highly elliptical orbit, zooming close once every 53 Earth days. It's during these close approaches — such as the Feb. 7 encounter — that the probe collects most of its science data.
That information consists largely of measurements of Jupiter's gravitational and magnetic fields, as well as details about the planet's structure and composition. Juno's observations should help scientists better understand how Jupiter — and, by extension, the solar system — formed and evolved, mission team members have said.
UFO caught on tape over Las Vegas, Nevada 11-Mar-2018
UFO caught on tape over Las Vegas, Nevada 11-Mar-2018
This bright object was hovering above Summerlin area of Las Vegas, Nevada.
Witness report:
I shot this video tonight using both the digital and night vision cameras and both are HD. The night vision camera does not record audio so that explains the music. The easiest way to publish them was to show one in front and one at the back of the video. Of course, both are showing the same event. Airplanes and helicopters are easy to spot in any video because they are always coming or going and are very predictable. UFOs aren’t really predictable at all and that is one of the ways to spot them. They also glow brightly, fade out and turn on and off again which any aircraft would never do at night. This is for my friend Christian who has seen them from much closer up along with many others.
On Wednesday, Stephen Hawking’s family announced the legendary physicisthad died at age 76. It’s an enormous loss for space enthusiasts of all ages, but physicists tell Inverse there’s an additional layer of sadness for them.
Inverse asked physicists across the world to explain Hawking’s greatest scientific achievement, and it’s clear the Brief History of Time author challenged the community to think differently about the universe while touching millions of lives along the way.
Stephen Hawking floating
Leo Stein, Postdoctoral Researcher at Caltech
“His greatest accomplishment was his discovery that black holes radiate. This has led to now more than four decades of head-scratching — more than four decades later, we still don’t understand how to cope with this fact,” Stein tells Inverse. “But it highlights one of the crucial thought experiments for constructing a consistent theory of quantum gravity — how do you keep black holes from destroying information as they evaporate and disappear? Hawking’s calculation led to thousands of publications trying to make sense of the puzzle.”
“Socially: His popular writing excited generations of science enthusiasts. I bet if you did a survey of scientists my age, a good chunk of them would’ve read A Brief History of Time or one of his other popular books when they were kids.”
Chanda Prescod-Weinstein, Astrophysicist
“Hawking’s belief that spending time sharing science with the public was a good is the reason I am a physicist,” tells Inverse. “My entire career he has been an example, especially when I became physically disabled and was for some time bedridden and realizing I would likely be in chronic pain for life.”
Seán Bartz, Visiting Assistant Professor at Macalester College
“Hawking’s greatest scientific contributions were in advancing our understanding of black holes,” tells Inverse. “He was instrumental in taking black holes from a nebulous idea to objects that could be studied with precision. Black hole thermodynamics is something that I use in my research as a means of studying nuclear physics. Hawking radiation tells us about the fate of black holes and possibly our entire universe.”
Robert McNees, Physicist
“It is difficult to single out one result, or even a group of closely related results, and call it ‘Stephen Hawking’s greatest scientific achievement.’ There were so many profound accomplishments across general relativity, quantum field theory, and cosmology that picking just one feels like an act of neglect. But if I had to choose one area, it would be his work transitioning from the classical laws of black hole mechanics to the quantum mechanical picture of black holes as fully thermodynamical objects. In 1973, Hawking, Bardeen, and Carter developed an elegant set of four laws governing the “mechanics” of all black holes — basic rules that explained how quantities like the mass, area of the event horizon, or surface gravity of a black hole change throughout very general physical processes. The rules bore a striking resemblance to the familiar laws of thermodynamics.
But if you’d asked me for his greatest achievement, and hadn’t specified ‘scientific,’ I think 13-year-old me would probably push adult me out of the way and say, ‘He makes me want to understand the universe.’”
Sabine Hossenfelder, Physicist
“I think his greatest achievement was to inspire huge numbers of people to think about space, time, and the origin of the universe — knowledge that before him was stuck in obscure corners of academia,” tells Inverse.
“He worked on many vital things in his career, but Stephen Hawking’s most significant and alarming scientific achievement is definitely the calculation that black holes can radiate and thus shrink and die,” he tells Inverse. “It’s a wonderful example of how, by simply and elegantly following through with the set of equations governing theories of nature — in this case quantum mechanics and general relativity — one arrives at a totally bizarre but mathematically sound conclusion. In the case of Hawking-Bekenstein radiation this concept is taken to its extreme, because the math part is pretty mundane and almost trivial, and the conclusion is bonkers. Just by doing a certain type of coordinate transformation near a black hole — that is, just by choosing a different set of coordinates to describe the physics going on, of which there are always many choices in physics, but they should all, at the end of the day, describe the same physics — you end up with the conclusion that particles are being emitted from the event horizon of the black hole! But nothing is supposed to be able to escape from a black hole!
This is a very odd but inescapable, inevitable conclusion of the math, and we love that in physics.”
On March 16, 2018, a witness was looking to the sky when he saw a bright UFO stationaryplusing white, orange-red and green.
Eyewitness statement:
“I live on the 5th floor of an apt. building which is on a high hill. I stepped outside onto my balcony around 7 p.m. and first noticed the sky was clear and blue but noticed an odd looking cloud shelf low in the horizon going left to right and I noticed a boom-arang shaped "cloud" just above the cloud shelf - I looked at it through the binoculars and it seemed to be made up of tiny horizontal dashes - not normal cloud material. It didn't move throughout this sighting.
Then I began noticing pitch black "worm-like" lines - some coming up from this cloud shelf then more descending from the middle of the blue sky (it's getting dusk at this point) then I began seeing more worm-like black lines starting at the top of the cloud shelf and going up and to the left as if drawing lines in the sky. I've never seen anything like this in my life (I'm 58). Then I called my sister and while I had her on the phone describing these bizarre black lines in the sky suddenly to the west what looked like a very bright star just appeared (clear sky) and it was pulsing white, red/orange and green and getting brighter then 4 more smaller orange/red pulsing lights appeared at the same time around this larger pulsing thing.
Then suddenly all 5 objects disappeared - went dark. They didn't move around at all while they were visible. It's now night time - dark out and I haven't seen anything else unusual. This is crazy. I took the pictures attached but they're hard to see - I was shaking watching these black worm things in the sky so the pictures are blurry and not all worm like things showed up. I think the picture with the vertical red lights are from a tv tower. You can barely make out the black worm things and I didn't capture the pulsing star-like objects - it was too dark outside at that point. I only got pictures of the boomarang cloud and black worm things.”
Photo Credit: L Jaramillo and O Macias, Virginia Tech
The Week's Top Space Stories
People around the world remember the life of Stephen Hawking, the Great Red Spot on Jupiter is shrinking and turning orange and NASA's twin study with Scott and Mark Kelly confirm some fascinating findings. These are just some of this week's top stories on Space.com..
Photo Credit: The World in HDR/Shutterstock
1. Stephen Hawking, brilliant theoretical physicist, has died
Stephen Hawking, the iconic theoretical physicist, cosmologist and science communicator, died early Wednesday morning (Mar. 14) at the age of 76. Hawking was diagnosed with the degenerative nerve disease amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) as a 21 year old student at the University of Cambridge. Hawking persevered, and went on to make incredible contributions to modern understandings of physics and astronomy.
On Monday (Mar. 12) NASA Acting Chief Robert Lightfoot revealed he would retire from the agency at the end of April. The Senate has not taken measures to confirm the current nominee for the administrator position, Rep. Jim Bridenstine (R-Okla.), and it is largely believed by the space industry that it's because he lacks to votes to win the nomination. Bridenstine has been criticized for his lack of a science background, in addition to comments he's made denying climate change and towards the LGBTQ community.
Plans to build an outpost near the moon for astronauts to live, learn and work on the lunar surface are underway. NASA is moving forward with its Lunar Orbital Platform-Gateway project, whose first component might launch into space as early as 2022. The complex would include airlock capabilities, and would be significantly smaller than the International Space Station.
Photo Credit: A. Simon (Goddard Space Flight Center)/NASA/ESA
4. Orange is the new color of Jupiter's Great Red Spot
A new study reveals that the iconic Great Red Spot in Jupiter's atmosphere is growing taller as it shrinks. The storm system may also be funneling up particles that make it red, and scientists theorize that the spot is turning orange as a result of this upward movement, when this material gets hit by the sun's ultraviolet radiation and changes into the brighter color.
5. Twin study on space station has results confirmed
Scott Kelly's milestone flight aboard the International Space Station lasted 340 days, and the long-term investigation into human health changes under microgravity conditions recently confirmed findings from 2017. The mission compared space-faring Scott Kelly's health and gene expression with that of his twin brother Mark. The ends of chromosomes typically grow shorter as humans age, but Scott's were confirmed to have extended slightly longer. The NASA Twin Study also revealed long-term changes to Scott's gene expression and a decrease in his cognitive speed upon returning to Earth.
Photo Credit: L Jaramillo and O Macias, Virginia Tech
6. Faraway signal is not coming from dark matter
Ancient stars are actually the source of a mysterious cosmic signal radiating from the center of the Milky Way galaxy, not dark matter. According to a new study, the gamma-rays that make up the signal are emanating from a multitude of rapidly spinning neutron stars that are thought to be 10 billion years old, and were interpreted as dark matter because the thousands of signal sources are so far away, the signals seem to come from one spot.
7. Short up-and-down flights may be first BFR tests
At the South By Southwest (SXSW) festival in Austin, Texas, SpaceX CEO Elon Musk announced that the spaceflight company's new project, the Big Falcon Rocket (BFR), could begin testing its components as early as next year. On March 11, Musk spoke in an on-stage interview, sharing that the upper-stage "spaceship" of the rocket is currently being built. The tests would include short up-and-down flights that may happen in the first half of 2019.
8. Lunar birth story supports watery moon findings
Some evidence suggests that water may exist on the moon, and scientists decided to model the creation of the moon and the Earth to see if hydrogen, a component of water, could have survived the temperatures created by the origin event. The team found that the impact theory of lunar creation, in which a massive rock hit proto-Earth and caused material to jet out and eventually collect again as the moon, does support recent findings of higher water content in lunar samples.
Photo Credit: Township of Hamilton Police Department
9. Fireball shoots across Washington
A minivan-sized object zoomed into Earth's atmosphere on Mar. 7, and, after lighting the night sky over the Pacific Northwest, the fireball broke up and crashed into the Pacific Ocean, according to a NASA official. Seismographs and satellites detected this meteor from the Canadian province of Manitoba as well.
10. Researchers model how to blast a dangerous asteroid
A Russian team of researchers found that to successfully obliterate a 650-foot-wide (200 meters) asteroid bound for a collision with Earth, a missile would need the power of a 3-megaton nuclear bomb. They modeled this doomsday scenario with tiny asteroid replicas and laser blasts in order to mimic what a nuclear warhead might do. By detonating inside a crater or a cavity on the asteroid, the destructive power would increase, according to the researchers.
People Pointing to The Sky as ‘Alien Ships’ appear above Ski Resort – Ski Lift Goes Out Of Control!
People Pointing to The Sky as ‘Alien Ships’ appear above Ski Resort – Ski Lift Goes Out Of Control!
A really strange event happened this week in Gudauri ski resort in the Caucasus Mountains, Georgia.
A live feed camera looking up a slope captured a pair of lights that suddenly appeared out of nowhere above the ski resort. The live feed also shows the moment that several people pointing to the strange bright objects.
The unknown objects do appear really strange and I would assume it was not a natural sky phenomenon, but even stranger is the fact that at the moment the bright objects appeared the ski lift went out of control.
The ski lift suddenly started running backwards at high speed and skiers had to jump to safety while people who were unable to get off safely fell out of the chairlift, flying through the air.
Eight people suffered minor injuries but two people have been seriously injured, including a pregnant woman, after the ski lift went out of control.
Despite early information suggests a cable stalled and came loose, it is more likely that the malfunction has been caused by the UFO-like bright objects above the ski area.
The first video shows the moment the UFOs appear above the ski resort, the second and third video showing the terrifying moments the ski lift goes out of control sending people flying through the air.
Kunstmatige intelligentie ontdekt duizenden nieuwe kraters op de maan
Kunstmatige intelligentie ontdekt duizenden nieuwe kraters op de maan
Caroline Kraaijvanger
Opnieuw moeten we onze meerdere erkennen in een computer.
De maan herbergt ontzettend veel kraters en we hebben ze dan ook lang nog niet allemaal ontdekt. Dat is ook niet zo gek; het ontdekken van kraters op de maan gaat er nog vrij ouderwets aan toe. “In feite moeten we naar een afbeelding kijken, de kraters lokaliseren en tellen en vervolgens aan de hand van de omvang van de foto berekenen hoe groot ze zijn,” vertelt onderzoeker Mohamad Ali-Dib.
Algoritme Natuurlijk hebben onderzoekers weleens geprobeerd om dat proces te automatiseren, bijvoorbeeld door algoritmes te ontwikkelen die kraters op de maan konden identificeren en tellen. Maar wanneer ze die algoritmes dan loslieten op nog niet eerder bestudeerde delen van het maanoppervlak, presteerden deze slecht. En dus bleef het ontdekken van kraters mensenwerk. Maar onderzoekers van de universiteit van Toronto brengen daar nu verandering in. “Voor het eerst hebben we een algoritme dat heel goed in staat is om kraters te detecteren, niet alleen op de maan, maar ook op Mercurius,” aldus Ali-Dib.
6000 kraters Het algoritme legt de grondslag voor een neuraal netwerk dan aan de hand van hoogtekaarten van de maan kraters kan identificeren. De onderzoekers ‘trainden’ het neutrale netwerk met behulp van een dataset met daarin gegevens van ongeveer tweederde van het maanoppervlak. Vervolgens was het tijd voor het echte werk en confronteerden de onderzoekers het algoritme met een dataset met daarin gegevens van het resterende derde deel van het maanoppervlak. Het algoritme bleek zo goed te presteren dat het bijna twee keer zoveel kraters identificeerde als mensen hadden ontdekt. In totaal stuitte de KI op zo’n 6000 nog niet eerder geïdentificeerde kraters op de maan.
Hulp van machines “Er zijn tienduizenden nog niet geïdentificeerde kleine kraters op de maan en het is niet realistisch dat wij mensen die allemaal kunnen vinden,” stelt onderzoeker Ari Silburt. “Machines kunnen ons daarbij helpen en nog niet ontdekte aanwijzingen over de totstandkoming van ons zonnestelsel onthullen.” Omdat de maan geen atmosfeer, platentektoniek en nauwelijks water herbergt, is er nauwelijks sprake van erosie en dat betekent dat kraters amper door de tand des tijds worden aangetast en er op het oppervlak van de maan tot wel 4 miljard jaar oude kraters zichtbaar zijn. Deze kunnen meer vertellen over wat zich allemaal in het jonge zonnestelsel heeft afgespeeld.
De onderzoekers hopen hun algoritme de komende tijd nog verder te verbeteren. Het kan leiden tot de ontdekking van nog meer kraters op de maan. Tevens kan het wellicht losgelaten worden op afbeeldingen van andere hemellichamen, zoals Ceres, Mars en ijzige manen van Jupiter en Saturnus.
KIM'S WILDE THEORY Kim Wilde reveals she’s a changed person after seeing a ‘very, very massive’ UFO hovering over her garden
KIM'S WILDE THEORYKim Wilde reveals she’s a changed person after seeing a ‘very, very massive’ UFO hovering over her garden
The 57-year-old singer says she will never be the same again
By Dan Cain and Natasha Rigler
EIGHTIES pop star Kim Wilde has revealed she is a changed person after spotting a “very, very massive sphere” in the sky.
Kim, 57, has opened up about the exact moment she claims she saw a UFO and has admitted she has not stopped looking for extraterrestrials since.
REX FEATURES
Kim claims she spotted a ‘very, very massive sphere’ in the sky doing‘extraordinary things’
Kim told the Daily Mirror: “It was some kind of sphere – no one knows how big, but my feeling was that it was very, very massive indeed – doing extraordinary things in the sky!
“I’m not quite the same person I was the day before to the day after, that’s for sure.”
The Kids In America singer added: “I do still keep a very active look in the sky for things. I’m always looking up at night.
“And if I happen to be outside, I’ll always wait for a few moments to see if there’s anything unusual before I go back in again.”
GETTY
The singer insists she is no longer the same person since her apparent UFO sighting
Kim first opened up about her alleged brush with UFOs in an interview last month and admitted she is terrified of being abducted by aliens.
The singer – who is set of release her first music since 1995, an album appropriately called Here Come The Aliens – said she saw “massive lights” hovering over her Hertfordshire home in 2009.
Kim told Attitude magazine: “There were a couple of massive lights just above the clouds, going backwards and forwards in an extraordinary way.
“Quite a lot of people witnessed them, it made the local papers.”
REX FEATURES
Kim says two giant lights swooped out of the sky above her back garden
Kim sold 10 million albums and had a global chart hit with Kids In America in 1981.
She also told the publication: “I said to my husband that maybe the captain was a big Kim Wilde fan and wanted to know where I live.
REX FEATURES
Kim in her 80s heyday. She had a global hit with Kids In America
“I’m worried he’s going to beam me up and I’ll have to sing Kids in America to him for the rest of my life.”
Kim added: “I believe they’re here already or visiting, watching us.
“I haven’t gone loopy, I just can’t stop thinking about it.”
Ever wish E.T. would phone your home? The scientists at the SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) Institute do. They seek unnatural variations in light and radio waves that may indicate alien civilizations. Some scientists even hope to send signals of our own out to the black, but it’s not easy to be seen and heard over all the stars, asteroids, and interstellar dust. We don’t have beacons powerful enough to reach the whole universe, nor receivers capable of monitoring the entire expanse. Other civilizations might, but there’s no way to tell until they finally hail us. All we know is how far our strongest signals could travel. Here’s where we’re searching—and where we fall short.
Don't blink
To keep an eye out for distant lasers that could head toward our neighborhood, we have to watch the entire sky. SETI plans to put 96 cameras at 12 sites across the world to monitor for flashes as brief as a millisecond or less. Shine on, aliens.
Atmosphere is key.
John Kuehn
Start simple
Life doesn’t have to be intelligent. By looking for planets with out-of-whack atmospheres (like ours, with its imbalance of oxygen and methane), we could figure out what worlds may have developed life. That narrows the search for interstellar smarties.
Laser
If aliens use light-propelled spacecraft—like those proposed by the Breakthrough Starshot program—we might spot flashes from across the galaxy. We could also shine a laser of our own, hoping to strike where an alien is paying attention.
“We joke that the first message extraterrestrials will pick up is I Love Lucy,” says SETI’s Jill Tarter—it was among the first big broadcasts. But Lucy’s light-speed antics are pretty garbled by now. If whatever signal remains has reached anyone, it clearly hasn’t inspired a reply.
Radio nowhere
You can make a radio outburst travel farther by narrowing its beam. Radio telescopes send out pointed broadcasts that should persist halfway to the center of the galaxy (we’re near the edge) before blending into the noise of cosmic radiation.
This article was originally published in the Spring 2018 Intelligence issue of Popular Science.
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Over mijzelf
Ik ben Pieter, en gebruik soms ook wel de schuilnaam Peter2011.
Ik ben een man en woon in Linter (België) en mijn beroep is Ik ben op rust..
Ik ben geboren op 18/10/1950 en ben nu dus 73 jaar jong.
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