Top 10 UFO Sightings in Britain

UFOs aren’t just an American phenomenon, you know! For this list, WatchMojo UK counts down the most bizarre, intriguing and unexplained UFO sightings in the UK. Whether it’s strange flying discs, inexplicable flashing lights, or ominous dark shadows… these things have helped to build UFO folklore all around the world, and they’ve all happened on just this one small island!

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15-12-2020 om 22:32 geschreven door peter  

Legendary Ark Of Noah Was Actually A DNA Lab And The Great Flood Was NOT Natural

We already know that the story from Noah’s Ark actually did happen in ancient times. If you don’t think so then just look at all of the cities that are submerged underwater as we speak. There are over 250 of them under the Black Sea, and guess what, none of them were originally built by fish.

There are also buildings that were under construction when the flooding happened, as we have observed in the many submerged cities from Peru, Scotland, Malta and Egypt.

But what or who could have caused this flooding?

Amongst some of the most popular iterations lies the Mahabharata. This is a collection of Hindu texts which speaks of ancient civilizations that lived amongst deities and waged war on one another with their flying machines known as the Vimanas.

The Mahabharata texts speak of how these Vimanas could shoot light beams that were akin to nuclear missiles going off, which we have proof of having occurred in real life.

Remember the ancient bunkers that were built thousands of years before the Hiroshima bombing?

God is apparently the one to have caused this flooding to begin with, but what if God was never a deity, to begin with, but an extraterrestrial instead? After all, what is he, other than just a very powerful being that came from the sky and completely dominated us physically and mentally?

Many believe that the Great Flood from Noah’s Ark was actually an experiment by the so-called God. He orchestrated everything, making Noah’s Ark an important DNA Bank or a DNA lab of some sort at the time.

Many believe that it is impossible to store the billions of species on Earth on a simple ark, but we actually managed to recreate this in 2008 on the Arctic Island of Svalbard. We were able to store the seeds of hundreds upon thousands of planets there in case another cataclysmic event takes us down for good.
 

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15-12-2020 om 15:43 geschreven door peter  

That’s quite a question! For years – decades, in fact – there have been rumors to the effect that there’s a secret U.S. program to quickly retrieve damaged, malfunctioning and crashed alien spacecraft. Many UFO researchers point their fingers in the direction of a project that goes back to the 1950s. For years, it was titled Project Moon Dust (also spelled Moondust). Today, however, it has a classified title. Mention the operation to a lot of Ufologists and they’ll tell you that Moon Dust is the key to the secrets of where crashed Saucers and dead aliens are stored away. But, are their thoughts and conclusions correct? Nope. Time and again I have seen UFO researchers say that the available Moon Dust documentation (via the Freedom of Information Act) proves that UFOs have crashed. Actually, in relation to aliens, it doesn’t prove anything at all. If you do what I have done – namely, to go through all of the declassified Moon Dust papers (which amounts to thousands of pages) – you’ll see that for the U.S. military, government, and intelligence community, the term “UFO” meant something very different. For most people, if you use the term “UFO” they will assume you are talking about extraterrestrial spacecraft. And that’s totally understandable. A careful and close look at the available files, however, shows that for the Moon Dust teams, “UFO” – on almost every occasion – meant captured Soviet hardware: aircraft, parts of satellites, missiles gone off-course and so on. It did not mean “extraterrestrials.” That doesn’t take away the fact that the history of the program wasn’t fascinating. It certainly was. Now, with that all said, let’s take a look at some of the cases under the Moon Dust microscope.

One now-declassified Moon Dust document states:”On 30 September 1960, a TWX report was sent to the Pacific Air Forces on a sighting of an unidentified object that entered the water near the village of Ctaru. The report originated with the Japanese Ground Self Defense Force (GSDF) headquarters and was relayed to us by the Japanese Air Self Defense Force (JASDF). According to the report, a fiery object fell from the sky and into the sea, making a fountain of water which was described as looking like a ‘geyser.’ Technical intelligence personnel from Tokyo took over the case, but were unable to locate or reclaim the object.” Additional documentation was that the most likely scenario was space debris. Another document says: “On 11 October 1960, a pilot over the beach east of Kisawa observed an orange flash on the horizon. He described the phenomenon as being distinct and looking like a great bubble. The area in which the phenomenon could be observed was along the southern coast of the Soviet Kuril Islands.” And, there’s also this one: On 14 September 1960, a pilot was flying an F-86D between an overcast above and below him when a greenish-white object appeared from the overcast above him. The object fell straight down, and disappeared in the overcast below. The object was described as looking like a green pea. Preliminary investigation could not identify any balloons or other known objects in the area which could have accounted for the sighting.” Eventually it was shown to have been a balloon.

A 1965 document declassified by the CIA, a copy of which is in the Moon Dust files, is titled: “Fragment, Metal, Recovered in the Republic of the Congo, Origin Believed to be an Unidentified Flying Object,.” It provides the following: “The purpose of this report is to present the results of the exploitation of a metallic fragment recovered near the town of [illegible] in the Republic of the Congo. Fragment recovery was the result of a ground-level search which was coordinated after an unidentified flying object exploded and fell to earth in the area. The sighting and recovery took place sometime between 10 and 15 October 1965. Other than a reported east-to-west direction of flight for the UFO, specific observation and recovery details are lacking.” The final outcome was something that had come off an aircraft that had caught fire in the air.” Yet again, we see the use of the word “UFO,” but not in the context of an alien ship.

Then, there is a Department of State telegram of August 1967 from the American Embassy at Khartoum to Washington. It states: “Local press 17 Aug 1967 reported that a satellite, cube shaped, weighing approximately three tons discovered 3 August 50 miles from Kutum. Satellite described as made of soft metal presumably light aluminum in oblong cubes measuring two inches by one inch tightly fastened together and covered by a silky material. Nationality not identified as no inscriptions evident on outer surface. Local authorities in El Fasher have photographs and with difficulty cut samples.” It did indeed amount to parts from a space satellite. But, the recovery was handled by Moon Dust, whose teams used the word “UFO.” Thus, a UFO legend was created. Now, is it possible that the Moon Dust teams really did recover fallen alien technology? Yes, it’s possible – and, certainly, Moon Dust would have been the perfect project to perform such retrievals of UFOs. If only there were some evidence. There isn’t. So, in finality, if you happen to see the term “UFO” in a government report, remember that it doesn’t necessarily mean the references are to “aliens,” extraterrestrials,” “non-humans,” or…well, the list goes on.

PS: In my next article, we’ll see how a near-identical situation took place in the U.K. – and, if needed, still does.

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15-12-2020 om 14:39 geschreven door peter  

15-12-2020 om 12:44 geschreven door peter  

There are many unexplained anomalies discovered in Antarctica over the years. This video shows a possible crashed flying saucer as well as other strange objects resembling alien or man-made craft. 

Spacecraft

Coordinates: 74°47'54.86"S 110°33'38.27"W 

Classic UFO 

Coordinates: 61°57'51.64"S 58° 3'42.73"W 

Crashed Flying Saucer 

Coordinates: 73°35'57.17"S 164°48'14.86"E 

V-shaped UFO or man-made craft 

Coordinates: 72°1'32.19"S 169°34'59.68"E 

Ancient triangle UFO 

Coordinates: 74°18'52.37"S 9°27'18.32"W

  

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{ http://ufosightingshotspot.blogspot.com/ }

15-12-2020 om 12:27 geschreven door peter  

2nd Video Of UFO Event Off Florida Coast, Dec 6, 2020, 2 videos, UFO Sighting News.

 

Date of sighting: Dec 6, 2020

Location of sighting: Ruskin, Florida, USA

 

This is the second video of the same event seen from the Florida coast. This line of UFOs were seen during sunset on Dec 5 or 6th of 2020. The UFOs lit up so well that you could see them miles away. Absolutely amazing and great evidence. Many UFO reports are coming in from Florida over the ocean area for the last few years, this only builds upon all the old sightings...which leads me to one conclusion. There is a very large alien base below the ocean floor about 5-7 miles off the coast of Florida. This base has huge UFOs...always looking yellowish orange lights. This is 100% proof that aliens have a base on US territory. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan 

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

15-12-2020 om 11:50 geschreven door peter  

Christopher Columbus on Mars? Statues And Structures On Mars Surface, UFO Sighting News.

Date of discovery: Dec 14, 2020

Location of discovery: Mars, Sol 2032

 

Man I love going through Mars photos, especially ones with such high quality detail as this one has. I found half a dozen face sculptures...most were about 3-4 inches across. One larger one was about 15 inches across, and another was a bust of a person that looked like Christopher Columbus...you know...wearing the round hat, long hair, human face...looks just like him. Also found some structure walls and buildings. Lots of fun guys, why not take a look? Click on the original source above and see if you can find them. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

15-12-2020 om 11:45 geschreven door peter  

Orange Orbs Over Wheeling, Illinois On Dec 10, 2020, UFO Sighting News.

Date of sighting: Dec 10, 2020
Location of sighting: Wheeling, Illinois, USA

 

The eyewitness was outside with her family when then noticed some glowing orbs passing overhead. The orbs moved together and were perfectly round. The objects had no wings, sound, propellers or wings. Where they came from and where they were going no-one knows. Absolutely amazing catch. Love this raw footage. 

Scott C. Waring - Taiwan

{ https://www.ufosightingsdaily.com/ }

15-12-2020 om 11:42 geschreven door peter  

Daytime UFO video: Triangle formation over Portsmouth, UK

Filmed in the sky above Portsmouth, United Kingdom on 16th October 2020 at 5:40 pm. What do you think about this footage?

Witness report: 

3 bright orb like objects that initially appeared connected as one object but then started moving on their own seemingly independent of one another.

At approximately 17:40 (give or take a couple of minutes) myself and my girlfriend went onto my balcony to have a cigarette. I exited onto the balcony first and turned around to face the door from which my girlfriend was following me. Upon turning around, I immediately noticed 3 bright lights in the sky in a triangle shape up to my left. This was at about a 45-degree angle but was immediately visible from my peripheral vision without having to change my line of sight. My gut reaction was that this was not manmade, it looked like a traditional UFO for all intents and purposes. Before my girlfriend had even exited the door, I shouted at her to grab her phone and my binoculars as there was something strange in the sky. She did as requested and then joined me on the balcony.

The whole sighting lasted approximately 3 minutes from start to finish. For the first 45 seconds or so the lights all appeared to be the same size and shape, something resembling a circle or oval, spaced out in the shape of a traditional isosceles triangle. After about 45 seconds, however, the 3 lights visible started moving independently of one another. It appeared as though they remained connected in some way, as though attached by string, but the 3 lights looked as though they were rotating on their own axes. Once they did start to rotate it appeared as though one or more of these lights was not in fact circular/oval, but more rectangular/cigar shaped, particularly the front light of the triangle as it appeared to me.

For the first 45 seconds or so, before the objects started moving independently of one another it appeared as though the object was either stationary in the sky or moving very slowly towards my position. I would add that this object was directly to the north of my position (likely within a few degrees of true North). Due to the weather and the position I was standing in it was difficult to gauge exactly how high or how far away the object was. However, I would estimate that upon first sighting it was about the same height as a helicopter would fly in the sky. Again, due to its position in the sky I had no reference as to the size of the object(s) so it would be very difficult to estimate its size.

Over the course of the 3 minutes, it moved from my North to almost directly above my head (North to South) at a steady speed whilst the 3 lights were independently rotating and moving around in the sky but remaining close to one another. It was very much light when this sighting occurred, probably about an hour or so before the sun would set. The weather was grey/overcast, and the sky was filled with what I would describe as heavy looking rain clouds (Mammatus clouds). This did however help to make anything in the sky stand out quite prominently.

The object(s) in its original triangular form upon first sight was located below the lowest clouds. Over the course of the 3 minutes or so, as it was gradually moving from my north overhead, it also gradually increased in altitude so that it moved above the cloud cover. I continued to watch it for as long as I could between the clouds before it was no longer visible. Unfortunately, it did not shoot off at the speed of light but gradually disappeared from view. At no point did the object(s) emit any sound.

My girlfriend did attempt to record the object in the sky but was unable to capture anything. I also attempted to use the binoculars to get a better look, but these did not show me anything I couldn’t see with my own eyes. When viewed through the binoculars I could still not make out any solid shape, just 3 bright objects that were somewhere between bright white and a touch of yellow. Likewise, I could not see any solid object that connected these 3 independently rotating lights.

The balcony from which I witnessed this is in Portsmouth, a city of approximately 180,000 people and one of the main ports of the British royal navy. More specifically in Old Portsmouth, directly by the sea (I could throw a cricket ball into the camber from the balcony) and about 2km from the Naval base. I am 30 years old and have lived here for the majority of my life and am very familiar with the various planes and helicopters that fly overhead on a regular basis that are associated with the navy as well as the RLNI. I have also completed a Masters’ degree in US Foreign Policy and Counter Terrorism and became familiar with current drone technology, which I do not believe that this was.

Upon coming back inside myself and my girlfriend tried to work out what we had just seen (ranging from unusual weather phenomenon to shared delusion/hallucination). As previously stated, both of our gut instincts were that this did not originate from this planet, however we were determined to go through every possibility as seeing a UFO isn’t an everyday occurrence (neither of us have ever seen what we would describe to be a UFO before)! After hours of discussion the only logical explanation that she could come up with was that this was 3 drones – I can almost certainly rule this out. The only explanation I could muster was that this was 3 shiny weather balloons somehow tied together reflecting the light of the sun from the other side of the sky, not that myself or anyone else I know has ever seen weather balloons above Portsea Island, nor could I find any indication on the internet that any had been released. We both were, and remain convinced that these objects emitted light through their own sources – the sky was grey, and they were incredibly bright.

If this/these were either drones or weather balloons, I am pretty sure that the navy would have sent up an aircraft to investigate an unauthorised intrusion in what it would consider to be its airspace (for national security purposes). The fact that I have no recollection of any naval aircraft in the sky either before or after the sighting is also interesting. Assuming it wasn’t military related the only logical explanation that I can come up with as to why nothing was sent to investigate it is because it wasn’t seen, via radar or otherwise.

Attached with this is one photo and one video of the object(s). As mentioned, my girlfriend failed to capture any of this on her phone, whilst I was transfixed and more interested in observing it than caring about whether or not anyone would believe me when I told them about it afterwards. The following day, however, my girlfriend mentioned what we had seen to her housemate. I am told that he excitedly ran upstairs to grab his phone and came back down with a big grin on his face, exulting that he too had seen this mysterious thing in the sky. He had been out the previous afternoon/evening with a friend and had witnessed what we had seen, but his friend did manage to record it on his phone (as well as anything can be recorded on a phone!) I promptly requested that the photo and video be forwarded onto me. That being said I can confirm that what appears in the visual documentation is the same thing that me and my girlfriend witnessed, which allowed us to rule out the shared hallucinatory experience! The fact that a friend of a friend saw the same thing suggests to me that other people must have seen it too, although after excessive googling I am yet to find any other reports.

The above account took place two months ago, but I still remember it vividly. A lot of what is included is taken from a document I wrote straight after the event, to ensure that my recollection remained as accurate as possible. In the two months that have passed I still have no explanation as to what it was other than to surmise that it must have come from another planet/galaxy/parallel universe etc. I remain vigilant but am yet to see anything else.

N.B. You will notice that throughout my description I have referred to this phenomenon as being both singular and plural as I do not know whether this was one object or three.

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

15-12-2020 om 01:27 geschreven door peter  

Latest UFO Sightings Reports – December 2020

Latest UFO sightings that were submitted through our report page and Facebook page lately.

Islip, New York – 10 December 2020

Trying to figure out how to post this… saw this out my window last nite in central Islip

Manchester – 7 December 2020

It was stalybridge, greater Manchester , uk at 12.15 am I have a couple videos and a picture I will send you. If u could find out anything about it I would love to no thanks some my friends say its NASA station but I dont think so myself

Melbourne – 06 December 2020 at 9:30 PM

We see that very often

Longmont Latitude40.15803 Longitude-104.99051 – 12-04-2020

18 yellowish lights flying one after another faster than a jet over the flatirons mountain in boulder to a triangle pattern star dissappering as if going through a portal

Pismo Beach, California – December 2020

An incredibly beautiful multi colored rainbow colored ever changing light systems dancing around the object as what looks like an orb farther away. But closer it looks as if its ever changing shape. We see these a lot off the coast but they’re farther away and of course smaller harder to see. This one was very close and very bright but the camera couldn’t capture it for some reason only the naked eye could or through binoculars. If you can zoom in on the video I submitted you can sort of see the changing rainbow light patterns. I zoomed in on the second video just using my iPhone editing so you can see it at two different points of view.

Callands Va – 11-20-20

Not sure what it was

Orlando – 15 November 2020

This was a sighting last night at 6:50 on i4 highway in Orlando

Lake Gaston , North Carolina – 13 November 2020

Seen by a few people over Lake Gaston , North Carolina tonight. Up to 5 lights and someone saw fireballs at sunset. We saw 4 lights, 2 sets running parallel really slow with no other lights. Right at sunset.

Rome, New York – Nov 3 2020 6pm

I live near griffis airforce base, my father was in the airforce in the 416th SSS unit. I have always seen them since I was kid.
My house is near the direct path of the old b52 runaway. I see something almost every weekend. Alot drones, small planes, but the base is active, Blackhawks, c130, c17. I was in the 82nd Airborne so I know a plane lights from not.

Kansas, – November 2020

My husband and i were driving though a cornfield here in Kansas, we both saw a half dome, bright red ufo moving slow and it was close enough to make out a white rim on the side, almost like a redbaseball cap with 3/4 of the white rim cut off. after about 2 mins it sped away at light speed into the horizon, we saw it up close and it was about half a mile above the ground and was huge. he believes it was there for us to see intentionally by god. i believe it was a tour bus of sorts showing alien life the fields of earth. whatever it was I hope other people have seen something similar, bc it was unforgettable.

Knoxville IL – 29th October 2020

Hi seen this in west central IL around Knoxville IL on oct 29 2020 around 7:38am I was just heading to work and was getting out of my van and happened to watch this for a few mins it surely wasn’t a plane . So after a few mins I decided to tape it on my phone I watched it until it went over the building and it was out of my sight but I didn’t hear a plane at all and it was lower to the ground than a regular airplane I normally see flying over when I’m at work . Don’t know what to make of it but it was a very clear day .

Ethiopia – September 2020

Hello I am living in Ethiopia I saw an orb of light pass over a farm I was staying at in September of 2020 it flew over my head at about 20 feet above me it was brighter than the sun it was pass 11 o’clock in the morning and was very big round and bright , what was it were did it come from??????

Belfast, Northern Ireland – 22.05.20

{ https://www.latest-ufo-sightings.net/ }

15-12-2020 om 01:18 geschreven door peter  

Why ancient populations carved voluptuous ‘Venus’ women figures over 30,000 years ago

It's a story of obesity, hunger, and glaciers.

 by Mihai Andrei

If you’ve ever been to a history museum, you may have seen a Venus figurine. They’re made from soft stones, clay, ivory, or bone, and depict very voluptuous feminine figures. In fact, some features are so exaggerated that anthropologists often questioned whether they even represent pregnant or obese women.

Most Venus figurines were carved some 26,000–21,000 years ago, although some were dated to at least 35,000 years ago. Researchers today interpret them as symbols of beauty and fertility, but the original meaning and purpose of these figurines is not known — they may have even served a ritual purpose, but little is known about them.

A new study looking at ancient famine and ice age variations suggests that the figures were indeed obese, but this represented a type of beauty standard or an ideal at the time.

Unusual art

Obesity is, for the most part, a modern problem — having too much food available is not something many of our ancestors could have bragged about. So what’s the deal with this type of art?

“Some of the earliest art in the world are these mysterious figurines of overweight women from the time of hunter gatherers in Ice Age Europe where you would not expect to see obesity at all,” said Richard Johnson, a professor at the University of Colorado School of Medicine specializing in renal disease and hypertension. “We show that these figurines correlate to times of extreme nutritional stress.”

Some 48,000 years ago, ancient humans in Europe were undergoing a period called the Aurignacian. The Aurignacians, people who lived in that period, had already established themselves as a force in the biological world. They hunted reindeer, horses, and mammoths with the spears and the tools they built. They also fished, and supplemented their diets by foraging for berries, nuts and plants.

But things took a turn for the worse for them. As the Ice Age set in, temperatures plunged and disaster struck. The ice sheets were advancing, it was getting colder and colder, and the ancestral lifestyle couldn’t be supported for most populations. Some moved south, in search of warmer climates. Others took refuge in forests, wreaking havoc on the ecosystem as they hunted and overhunted anything they could find.

It was in this period of generalized hunger that the Venus figurines emerged.

“During this period, humans faced advancing glaciers and falling temperatures that led to nutritional stress, regional extinctions, and a reduction in the population,” the authors note in the study.

Johnson and colleagues suspected this wasn’t a coincidence. They measured the waist-to-hip ratios and waist-to-shoulder-ratios of the figures and noted where the figures had been found. They then compared this map of locations with the map of known glaciers — the points where the temperatures were lowest and food was likely the scarcest.

They found an interesting trend: the closer the figurines were to glaciers, the more likely they were to have over-represented body ratios. In other words, the more people hungered, the more they looked at obesity as a standard.

“We propose they conveyed ideals of body size for young women, and especially those who lived in proximity to glaciers,” said Johnson, who in addition to being a physician has an undergraduate degree in anthropology. “We found that body size proportions were highest when the glaciers were advancing, whereas obesity decreased when the climate warmed and glaciers retreated.”

While this is somewhat speculative, it makes a lot of sense. It’s not uncommon for scarcity of resources to define ideals. An obese woman would have been more likely to deliver a child — although it’s unlikely that too many women were overweight at the time. However, the figurines may have had a spiritual meaning, a charm that would protect women through pregnancy and nursing children.

This idea is also backed by the fact that the figurines were worn down, suggesting that they were kept for many years, and possibly passed down through generations.

“The figurines emerged as an ideological tool to help improve fertility and survival of the mother and newborns,” Johnson said. “The aesthetics of art thus had a significant function in emphasizing health and survival to accommodate increasingly austere climatic conditions.”

The study has some limitations. The number of figurines was small to begin with, and the researchers didn’t have access to the actual sculptures — they had to rely on photographs for measurements (which means they couldn’t use measures like circumference). Researchers also note that the shift to leaner figurines could also mark a stylistic change rather than one relating to hunger.

There’s always some uncertainty when dealing with this type of study, but interdisciplinary methods, such as the ones deployed here, can help us better understand these ancient populations. In many ways, modern archaeology isn’t about finding new things — it’s about interpreting and putting them into context.

• The study has been published in the journal Obesity.

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{ https://www.zmescience.com/ }

15-12-2020 om 00:30 geschreven door peter  

CAN WE DRINK THE MOON WATER? SCIENTISTS EXPLAIN

THERE'S WATER ON THE MOON, AND THERE’S FAR MORE OF IT THAN SCIENTISTS PREVIOUSLY THOUGHT.

On Monday, NASA scientists announced they had detected molecular water on the Moon, trapped in ice across the lunar surface. From the data, they estimate there is some 40,000 square kilometers (more than 24,000 miles) of water on the Moon.

That much water has big implications for the ambitions to create a sustained human presence on the Moon. So can we actually drink it?

Short answer: Yes, we can, explains Shuai Li, an assistant researcher at the University of Hawaii’s Institute of Geophysics and Planetology. At least, in theory we can.

“It is water ice, the same as the water ice on Earth,” Li tells Inverse.

John Priscu, a professor at Montana University who studies the biochemistry of icy environments, agrees.

"Bottom line, if treated properly, it should be potable," he tells Inverse.

But the water on the Moon isn’t ready for astronaut's making cocktails yet.

First, scientists have to know more about what else may be swirling within that water.

WHAT’S IN THE MOON WATER?

Water on Earth isn’t always pure. Seawater, for instance, contains about 96.5 percent water, 2.5 percent salts, and then small amounts of organic material, and other unwelcome additions like microplastics, or atmospheric gasses.

Likewise, Moon water probably isn’t pure. Li says it is probably mixed with lunar regolith — a layer of loose debris ranging from 5 meters to 10 meters deep depending on where you are on the Moon. NASA describes the lunar regolith as a “fine gray soil” made of rock fragments from the Moon itself. It also contains remnants from the bombardment of tiny meteoroids, and clumps of material formed when those meteorites melt down sections of the existing regolith.

It’s likely that this “fine gray soil” ends up in the Moon water, but it’s not clear exactly what other compounds might be in there, Li adds. He says it probably depends on what region of the Moon the water comes from.

Water pulled from the illuminated regions of the Moon (not the poles, but the pale, visible regions) may be “dominated” by anorthosite, a white, calcium-rich rock. Scientists propose that anorthosite rocks are some of the oldest on the Moon, and were created when rock-forming minerals floated to the top of a magma ocean that once engulfed the Moon about 4.5 billion years ago.

Water present in larger craters may also be exposed to basaltic materials, Li says. These are found at the bottoms of craters formed by large meteor impacts, which would have melted the rock in those areas. About 29 percent of the near side of the Moon contains basalt, but it’s only found on about 2 percent of the far side of the Moon.

If remnants of the Moon’s past and other deposits from foreign meteoroids are present in the Moon water, it may not taste great right now. (But we don’t know for sure, Li notes.)

Priscu adds the Moon water could be a bit salty if drawn from regions where the process of sublimation has allowed salts to become concentrated. Sublimation is the process by which a solid becomes a gas without passing through the liquid phase.

BUT IF WE PURIFIED IT, IT WOULD LIKELY TASTE FRESH.

“If you can separate water from all other compounds, it will be pure water and has no taste,” Li says.

CAN WE GET ENOUGH OF THE WATER TO DRINK IT?

µLi was not involved in the NASA research published yesterday, but he has studied water on the Moon for years. In 2018, he published a paper in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences providing what was described as “definitive evidence” that the Moon had ice deposits on its northern and southern poles.

The poles could serve as a large water source, Li says. We need to know the thickness of the ice deposits to be sure, but Li estimates that there are “tens to hundreds of million tons of water at each pole.”

The Sun never shines on the Moon's poles, and temperatures there can dip to -250 degrees Fahrenheit. These are extreme environments and not very easily accessible.

The new papers reveal that the water sources on the Moon may not just be confined to frigid poles. Rather, the water appears scattered throughout the lunar surface in billions of tiny “cold traps,” according to one of the papers released Monday.

One cubic meter of lunar soil likely has enough water to fill a 12-ounce water bottle, Casey Honniball, a postdoctoral researcher at NASA, said at a press conference on Monday.

If we can mine it and purify it, it is quite possible that bottles of Moon water will one day quench the thirst of lunar inhabitants.

{ https://www.inverse.com/ }

14-12-2020 om 23:58 geschreven door peter  

The conspiracy theorist who made the so-called discovery is convinced the object is "intelligently designed". But viewers on YouTube had some rather more plausible explanations

By Simon Green - Video News Editor

A Google Earth conspiracy theorist is convinced he has found a man-made flying saucer emerging from the melting ice in Antarctica.

In a video posted to his channel, he zooms in on what seems to be a circular shape partially obscured by rocks.

“This appears to be a 60ft-wide disc sticking out of the ground apparently being recently revealed by the melting snow and ice,” he said.

“There is the object, it looks like it was intelligently designed.

“Half of it is under the ground the other half is on top of frozen snow and ice – you can tell this area started to thaw out.

“It is revealing this intelligently designed structure. That is not some random iceberg, that is a semi-circle.”

In his 9-minute-long video, the uploader edited the Google Earth images into negative format which he claimed also showed an “elevated circle” at the top of the structure.

He also suggested there was residue on the snow and ice emanating from the object.

The video has been seen a whopping 170,000 times since being shared on October 9, sparking a wave of suggestions from viewers in the comments section.

“It doesn't look stuck in the ground, it looks like it's hovering,” one bizarrely claimed.

“The black area under it looks like a shadow and if you look to your left, you will see a light source which looks like it's coming from inside of a cave or tunnel. This is a very interesting find.”

Another wrote: “Absolutely artificial. Someone said that, as the ice melted in Antarctica, we would begin to see ships reveal themselves and the government would have a very hard time explaining them away.”

{ https://www.dailystar.co.uk/ }

14-12-2020 om 23:39 geschreven door peter  

{ https://www.inverse.com/ }

14-12-2020 om 23:19 geschreven door peter  

The Chang'e 5 spacecraft represented on screens at mission control in Beijing.

(Image: © CNSA)

At 10:13 p.m. EST Sunday (Dec. 13) (0313 GMT, 11:13 a.m. Beijing time Dec. 14) the spacecraft performed a trajectory correction maneuver — another burn of small engines to finetune its path home. 

Chang'e 5 is expected to reach Earth around Wednesday (Dec. 16) and deliver its precious cargo of lunar material collected from the moon's Oceanus Procellarum, or "Ocean of Storms." Scientists want to analyze the samples in labs on Earth to confirm theories that this area of the moon is made of rock much younger than other regions.

A container carrying around 4.4 lb. (2 kilograms) of lunar samples sits inside a reentry capsule attached to the orbiter. Closer to Earth, the reentry capsule will separate from the orbiter and attempt entry into the atmosphere. 

The Chang'e 5 reentry capsule will first 'skip' off the atmosphere once to help it slow down, because a journey back from the moon involves far greater speeds than returning from low Earth orbit. After reentry, parachutes will slow the capsule's descent to the ground within an area of Inner Mongolia where China's astronauts also touch down after visits to space.

The complex and daring mission began on Nov. 23, when a Long March 5 rocket launched the four-part Chang'e 5 spacecraft. The spacecraft entered lunar orbit just over four days later and shortly after the mission lander and an ascent vehicle separated from the orbiter. 

The lander made a spectacular landing near a volcanic peak named Mons Rümker on Dec 1. The lander quickly set about collecting samples with a drill and robotic arm and loaded the material into an ascent vehicle.

The ascent vehicle blasted off from atop the lander on Dec. 3, and on Dec. 5, the small spacecraft completed the first-ever robotic lunar orbit rendezvous and docking with the waiting Chang'e 5 orbiter. After transferring the samples to the reentry vehicle attached to the orbiter, the ascent vehicle was jettisoned and later commanded to impact the moon to prevent creating debris in lunar orbit. 

The orbiter has meanwhile been waiting for the right moment to stop circling the moon and head for home. 

After their arrival this week, the samples will be delivered to a specially constructed laboratory in Beijing where preparation, analysis and storage of the moon rocks will begin. 

Scientists will use radiometric dating to confirm the age of the new samples, which may contain rocks made by late-stage volcanism as young, geologically speaking, as 1.2 billion years old. The samples collected previously by Apollo and Soviet Luna missions in the 1960s and 1970s are all more than 3 billion years old.

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14-12-2020 om 22:47 geschreven door peter  

Bizarre alien world may be analog of our solar system's putative Planet Nine

Artist’s illustration of the exoplanet HD 106906 b located a great distance away from its central binary star and the disk of dusty material that surrounds it.

(Image: © Image courtesy of ESA/Hubble, M. Kornmesser)

The HD 106906 stellar duo is very young — just 15 million years old — and is still surrounded by a dusty debris disk. HD 106906 b apparently emerged from that disk but is now quite removed from it, zooming along high above the disk's plane. In addition, the giant exoplanet currently lies 737 astronomical units (AU) from the double star, about 25 times more distant from the pair than Neptune is from our sun. (One AU is the average Earth-sun distance, which is about 93 million miles, or 150 million kilometers.)

So HD 106906 b is a pretty curious character. Indeed, scientists have been debating whether the alien planet is still a bona fide member of the HD 106906 system or if it's now speeding away from the two stars, having been booted out by a gravitational interaction. 

There's evidence that such a booting did take place: photos captured a few years ago by the Gemini South Telescope in Chile show that HD 106906's outer dust disk and inner comet disk are lopsided. HD 106906 b could have done this sculpting if the planet formed close to the system's center and was then kicked outward after a close encounter with the double stars, previous modeling work has indicated.

Such a disturbance would ordinarily send a planet out of its home system entirely, turning it into a "rogue" that wanders the galaxy alone, free of any host star — unless its departure was arrested by another gravitational interaction, this time with a star that wandered close to the HD 106906 system.

Last year, a group that included two of the three authors on the new study identified several stars that could have provided such a nudge about 3 million years ago. And the new paper suggests that one of those interloping stars may indeed have kept HD 106906 b from becoming a runaway. 

In the new work, researchers led by Meiji Nguyen, a recent graduate of the University of California, Berkeley, analyzed observations of the HD 106906 system made between 2004 and 2018 by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. The astronomers also compared the Hubble images with data gathered by Europe's Gaia spacecraft, which is precisely mapping the positions and movements of billions of stars in our Milky Way galaxy.

• Related: The evidence for 'Planet Nine' in our solar system (gallery)

These combined data sets allowed the three scientists to nail down the positions of the HD 106906 binary and the giant planet. They found that HD 106906 b is likely in an elliptical and very long — but stable — orbit around its two parent stars, completing one lap every 15,000 years.

"Though it’s only been 14 years of observations, we were still able to, surprisingly, get a constraint on the orbit for the first time, confirming our suspicion that it was very misaligned and also that the planet is on an approximately 15,000-year orbit," Nguyen said in a statement.

"The fact that our results are consistent with predictions is, I think, a strong piece of evidence that this planet is, indeed, bound. In the future, a radial-velocity measurement is needed to confirm our findings," Nguyen added. (Radial-velocity measurements quantify the gravitational tug exerted by planets upon their host stars.)

What does this have to do with Planet Nine? The inferred history of HD 106906 b is similar to that proposed to explain how Planet Nine — or Planet Next, Planet X or Giant Planet Five, for those who will always regard Pluto as our solar system's ninth planet — could have gotten into, and remained in, its putative orbit, a highly elliptical path that keeps it hundreds of AU from the sun.

"What I really think makes HD 106906 b unique is that it is the only exoplanet that we know that is directly imaged, surrounded by a debris disk, misaligned relative to its system and is widely separated," Nguyen said. "This is what makes it the sole candidate we have found thus far whose orbit is analogous to the hypothetical Planet Nine."

The new study was published online this week in The Astronomical Journal. You can read a preprint of it for free at arXiv.org.

Mike Wall is the author of "Out There" (Grand Central Publishing, 2018; illustrated by Karl Tate), a book about the search for alien life.

Follow him on Twitter @michaeldwall.

Follow us on Twitter @Spacedotcom or Facebook. 

{ https://www.space.com/ }

14-12-2020 om 22:30 geschreven door peter  

Epic time-lapse shows what the Milky Way will look like 400,000 years from now

By Brandon Specktor 

The night sky will appear completely different half a million years from now. Researchers figured out what it'll look like.

(Image: © ESA)

Have you ever seen 40,000 shooting stars blaze across the sky at the same time?

If you'd like to, the European Space Agency (ESA) is offering you two options: Either stare at the night sky for about half a million years as our solar system drifts steadily through the Milky Way (some patience required) — or, watch a new 60-second time-lapse simulation of the same thing, courtesy of the ESA's Gaia space observatory.

In the new simulation, 40,000 stars — all located within 325 light-years of Earth's sun — whiz through space, leaving long trails of light behind them. Each point of light represents one real object in the Milky Way, and each shining trail shows that object's projected movement through the galaxy over the next 400,000 years. Brighter, faster streaks are located closer to our solar system, while dimmer, slower ones live much farther away.

• Related: 9 Ideas about black holes that will blow your mind

According to ESA researchers, the simulation shows an unsurprising pattern: By the end of the animation, most stars seem to be clustered to the right side of the screen, while the left remains relatively empty. It's not because the stars are being pulled by some newborn black hole or an alien tractor beam; it's simply that our sun is constantly moving too, causing passing stars to appear more clustered in the opposite direction.

"If you imagine yourself moving through a crowd of people (who are standing still), then in front of you the people will appear to move apart as you approach them, while behind you the people will appear to stand ever closer together as you move away from them," ESA researchers wrote in a blog post. "This effect also happens due to the motion of the sun with respect to the stars."

The data that made this mosaic of cosmic fireflies possible comes from the Gaia satellite's third official data release (EDR3), which became publicly available on Dec. 3. The new data dump contains detailed information on more than 1.8 billion celestial objects, including the precise positions, velocities and orbital trajectories of more than 330,000 stars within 325 light-years of Earth, according to a news release from the ESA. (The 40,000 stars represented in the simulation were chosen at random.)

The Gaia satellite launched in 2013 with the express mission of measuring the positions, distances and motions of the stars. The second data release, which dropped in 2018, helped astronomers assemble the most detailed map of the universe ever. The new, third release adds about 100 million new objects to that treasure trove, ESA researchers said.

Originally published on Live Science.

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{ https://www.space.com/ }

14-12-2020 om 22:13 geschreven door peter  

Can sperm survive microgravity? Do eggs hold up to radiation? The new science of off-planet procreation is now getting underway.

To see how conditions in space might affect baby-making, scientists are beginning with a study of sperm, seen here in sperm bank containers.

PHOTOGRAPH: THOMAS FREDBERG/GETTY IMAGES

IN FEBRUARY, THE Spanish pilot Daniel González climbed into a small aerobatic plane at the Sabadell Airport outside Barcelona and fired up its single prop engine. Once he was in the air, González began a steep climb for about six seconds before entering a nosedive. The plane’s rapid descent created a microgravity environment in the cockpit and for a few seconds, González felt what it was like to be an astronaut. Then he pulled on the yoke to bring the plane out of its dive and did it all over again.

This sort of parabolic flight isn’t remarkable for an experienced aerobatic pilot like González. But the cargo on his flight was a little unusual: In the passenger seat of the plane sat a small box, loaded with tubes of frozen human sperm.

This was the third and final flight of a yearlong study undertaken by a group of Spanish researchers to understand the effects of microgravity on human reproduction. This seminal study, which is currently under peer review, marks the first experimental results published on the effects of a zero-gravity environment on frozen sperm. The study was limited—the sperm was in microgravity for less than 9 seconds, for example—but it suggested that reduced gravity has negligible effects on the health of frozen sperm.

“We are at the frontier of knowledge about human reproduction in space,” says Antoni Perez-Poch, an engineer at Polytechnic University of Catalonia and a coauthor on the paper.

Perez-Poch and his colleagues are not the first to experiment on sperm in zero G. Last year NASA dispatched frozen human sperm to the ISS, though the agency has not shared any results. These projects are all part of a nascent push to see how human settlements, and extraterrestrial babies in particular, might fare beyond Earth.

Perez-Poch says the team plans to conduct more, longer flights, and hopes to also do experiments with thawed sperm. Because the samples have to be kept warm to survive, working with frozen material was an easier way to begin. NASA also plans to thaw its sperm on the ISS before sending it back to Earth. Microgravity is only one concern for the creation of outer space babies; then there’s the high radiation to consider too. The effects on ova, and eventually embryos, will also need to be scrutinized.

With all the ethical challenges of working with human embryos, the long-term research agenda for conception in the cosmos is fraught, at best. The idea of human reproduction in space, however, has taken on a life of its own. At least one company has already set out to offer couples the option of doing IVF in low Earth orbit—as if in vitro fertilization wasn’t expensive enough.

Last year, a company called SpaceLife announced its intentions to store frozen sperm and eggs in satellites and to develop an in-space embryo incubator. In July, though, the company halted operations, citing “serious ethical, safety, and medical concerns.”

Given how little we know about how the space environment affects human reproduction, this is probably for the best. But maybe one day we will find ourselves in a world where babies are delivered not by stork, but by spacecraft.

{ https://www.wired.com/ }

14-12-2020 om 20:45 geschreven door peter  

It’s an absolute certainty that many of the craters that can be found peppered throughout the Earth’s surface were the result of meteorite and asteroid strikes – perhaps even comets, too. Arguably, the most famous one, period, is Arizona’s “Meteor Crater,” that is located near Winslow, Arizona. This mammoth scarring of the landscape occurred around 50,000 years ago, and is more than two miles wide and more than five hundred feet in depth. There are, however, some such craters that are very difficult to explain in a down to earth fashion. Welcome to the strange story of the Lonar Crater. It can be found in the state of Maharashtra, India. The locals aside, no one had seen the crater until 1823. Interestingly, NASA has taken an interest in the ancient crater. NASA states of the now-water-filled crater: “India’s Lonar Crater began causing confusion soon after it was identified in 1823 by a British officer named C.J.E. Alexander. Lonar Crater sits inside the Deccan Plateau—a massive plain of volcanic basalt rock leftover from eruptions some 65 million years ago. Its location in this basalt field suggested to some geologists that it was a volcanic crater. Today, however, Lonar Crater is understood to result from a meteorite impact that occurred between 35,000 and 50,000 years ago.”

NASA continues: “Lonar Crater is approximately 150 meters (500 feet) deep, with an average diameter of almost 1,830 meters (6,000 feet). The crater rim rises roughly 20 meters (65 feet) above the surrounding land surface. Scientists established Lonar’s status as an impact crater based on several lines of evidence, perhaps the most compelling being the presence of maskelynite. Maskelynite is a kind of naturally occurring glass that is only formed by extremely high-velocity impacts. A Science article published in 1973 pointed out this material’s presence, and suggested that the crater’s situation in volcanic basalt made it a good analogue for impact craters on the surface of the Moon.”

The Lonar Crater (NASA)

It should be noted that there is a very interesting, and intriguing, story attached to the history and lore of the Lonar Crater. For this part of the saga we have to turn our attentions to the Skanda-Purana, which is an approximately 1,100-year-old Hindu document, as Priya Ramachandran reveals: “The name ‘Lonar’ came from the demon, Lonasura, who lived in this subterranean abode and terrorized the people of the Earth. Now, heeding to his people’s prayers Vishnu came to the rescue, by sending his avatar in the form of a man named Daityasudna, who exposed the demon’s hideout, kicked away the rock that kept them hidden, thereby creating that crater. He slayed the mighty demon and when his blood was spilt, it turned into a lake.”

David Hatcher-Childress, who has extensively investigated the mystery, makes a very good point: “If such geologically recent craters as the Lonar [Crater] were of meteoric origin, why then do such tremendous meteorites not fall today? The Earth’s atmosphere fifty thousand years ago probably was no different from today’s, so a lighter atmosphere cannot be advanced as a hypothesis to explain an immense meteorite size, which of course would be considerably reduced by heat oxidization within a gaseously heavier atmosphere.” Hatcher-Childress also states that, “no trace of any meteoric, etc., material has been found at the site or in the vicinity, while it is the world’s only known ‘impact’ crater in basalt. Indications of great shock (from a pressure exceeding six hundred atmospheres) and intense abrupt heat (indicated by basalt glass spherules) can be ascertained at the site.”

And, to add to the weirdness, there is the following, also from NASA: “In early June 2020, a crater lake in west-central India promptly changed from green to pink. For now, the reason why remains a mystery. Lonar Lake’s color shift occurred over the span of a few days. The change is visible in this image pair, acquired on May 25 and June 10 with the Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8. Scientists collected samples from the lake and are awaiting lab results before they can say with certainty what caused the change. They speculate, however, that the color could be a result of microscopic life that thrives in water with high salt concentrations.”

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14-12-2020 om 20:26 geschreven door peter  

One of the weirdest and most enduring facets of the UFO phenomenon is that of the mysterious mutilations of cattle and other livestock that have turned up in UFO hotspots all over the world. The state of these corpses really runs the gamut of the odd, with carcasses variously found with parts of the body excised with surgical precision, drained completely of blood, missing vital organs, and often reported as showing little to no sign of scavenger activity, decomposition, or even flies buzzing about. Reported throughout the world, the cattle mutilation phenomenon has become a major feature upon the landscape of UFO and alien weirdness, baffling investigators for decades, and although there have been many attempts to explain it all away it remains stubbornly lodged away within the lore. Among these there are occasionally cases that prove to be even weirder than most, and which show that cattle and animals are not the only target of the spooky UFO mutilation anomaly.

The bizarre case that we will be looking at here can supposedly be found buried within the body of reports compiled during a short-lived U.S. Air Force project and precursor to the more famous Project Blue Book, called Project Grudge. Taking over from a Project Sign, Project Grudge sought to investigate unidentified flying objects and aerial phenomena in an attempt to reach an unbiased consensus on it all using a scientific approach and standard intelligence procedures. For a project supposedly meant to be unbiased and to be looking for answers, it mostly ended up taking the stubborn approach that none of this was caused in any way by alien forces or extraterrestrial intelligences, and for the most part treated the UFO phenomenon as a whole as absurd, devolving into what one Dr. Michael D. Swords would describe as “an exercise of derision and sloppy filing.” They actively tried to pigeonhole all UFO reports into the mold of mundane phenomena, such as misidentified clouds, stars, aerial phenomena such as sun dogs, conventional aircraft, planetary phenomena such as Venus, swamp gas, and “misinterpretation of various conventional objects,” as well as lies, hoaxes, and mass hysteria, you name it, as long as it wasn’t aliens, no matter how inexplicable the case might seem and usually with very little actual investigation done to back up these claims. They were known as being active debunkers of the UFO phenomena rather than truth seekers, all culminating with the official Project Grudge conclusion:

There is no evidence that objects reported upon are the result of an advanced scientific foreign development; and, therefore they constitute no direct threat to the national security. In view of this, it is recommended that the investigation and study of reports of unidentified flying objects be reduced in scope. Headquarters AMC Air Material Command will continue to investigate reports in which realistic technical applications are clearly indicated. It is apparent that further study along present lines would only confirm the findings presented herein. It is further recommended that pertinent collection directives be revised to reflect the contemplated change in policy.

The 600 page Grudge Report would be full of wild debunking, and after operating from February to December of 1949 Project Grudge would be dissolved to make way for Project Blue Book. Yet although Project Grudge is all mostly seen as an exercise in spite towards UFOs and the people who think there is more to them, there are some exceptions. One of these is a top secret alleged document called “Project Grudge Report 13,” which the military denies exists, but which purportedly contains a report on the time an Air Force sergeant apparently became a human victim of the mutilation phenomenon.

The spooky case allegedly involves two men, an Air Force sergeant Jonathan P. Lovette and Major William Cunningham, who were assigned to the White Sands missile testing grounds near Holloman Air Force Base in New Mexico. In March of 1956, the two were out in the desert tracking down debris that had fallen during a recent rocket test. As they picked through the desolate landscape looking for fragments and pieces, they separated, and at some point Cunningham heard a loud, sharp scream from Lovette from over a dune. The Major ran to see what had happened, and found something beyond rational explanation, indeed beyond anything he could have imagined.

Upon crossing the dune, Cunningham alleged that he found Lovette being dragged across the sand by a “long, serpentine arm,” like a tendril of some sort, that was wrapped around his legs and yanking him towards a large silver disc nearby. Cunningham was too shocked to react, and as he looked on in horror that bizarre tentacle reportedly pulled the Sergeant into the bowels of the UFO, which then silently shot up into the starry sky. Throughout all of this the only sound was Lovette’s screams of panic and pain. As soon as the UFO was gone and he had regained his senses, Cunningham then ran all the way back to the jeep and frantically radioed for help. It would turn out that radar operators had picked up an anomalous signature at around the same time as the strange encounter, and a thorough search of the area found no sign of Lovette despite scouring the area for miles. It was as if he had just vanished into thin air. It would not be until three days later that his fate would become known, and push the whole thing further into the realms of the weird.

White Sands Missile Range

It was after three days of frantic searching that Lovette’s body would be found around 10 miles from where he had disappeared. The corpse was nude, and found to have been sitting out there in the desert for perhaps 24 to 48 hours, despite the fact he had been missing for three days. However, the strangest thing of all was that the corpse had been gruesomely mutilated in a most unusual way. Lovette’s tongue had been cleanly removed with surgical precision, his eyes had been taken out, his internal organs were missing, and both his anus and genitals had been cleanly detached from the body, all of it done with expert skill. There was also the unsettling fact that the body was missing all of its blood, with not even a single drop remaining, yet coroners would find that there was no collapse of the veins that would be expected with such a draining. How had his body come to be in such a state and what connection did it have to Cunningham’s claims of UFOs and tentacles? No one really knows, and the mysterious Project Grudge Report 13 gives no answers.

It is all a pretty wild and spectacular story that has gone on to be much discussed in ufology circles to this day, but there is little in the way of concrete verification for any of it. It is supposedly from one of the still classified reports within the Grudge Report, which itself really does exist and has even declassified some information, but which also still holds its secrets. For instance, there are declassified reports 1 to 12, as well as 14, but as for “Report 13,” it is mostly only known through insiders who claim to have read it, in particular a man named William Cooper. Cooper claimed that he had been in charge of analyzing an annotated version of Grudge Report 13 in the early 1970s, and leaked the report out. This was somewhat corroborated by a former Green Beret captain by the name of William English, who also claims to have seen the mysterious report and gave the same information from it. These two men would insist that it was all true, but there has never been any official substantiation, nor even any confirmation or denial concerning whether Report 13 exists or not. In the end, there is no way to know, and we are left to wonder just what happened out at that remote desert location, if anything at all.

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14-12-2020 om 18:51 geschreven door peter